Academic literature on the topic 'Pisʹmo 5000'

In response to increased predation risk, many organisms exhibit transgenerational polyphenisms whereby offspring have behavioural and (or) morphological adaptations to avoid natural enemies. The mechanisms underlying altered phenotypic expression, however, are not well understood. Aphids commonly exhibit a transgenerational wing-induction polyphenism in response to predators and parasitoids, but the stimuli inducing winged offspring production have not yet been identified. As aphids commonly emit the alarm pheromone (E)-β-farnesene (EBF) when physically attacked, this compound is a reliable signal of increased predation risk for asexual conspecifics. Here we show that maternal detection of EBF induces a transgenerational wing polyphenism in offspring of the pea aphid, Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris, 1776). In response to 50, 500, or 5000 ng of EBF vapor, aphids responded with 2.5-, 5.0-, and 6.0-fold increases in winged offspring production, respectively. Thus, alarm pheromone may alter aphid transgenerational phenotypic expression, thereby influencing aphid – natural enemy dynamics.

Abstract Abstract 4946 Histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDAC-I) are a class of agents with the capacity to induce acetylation of histone and non-histone proteins. These molecules have been intensively investigated in a variety of malignancies because of their ability to inhibit proliferation, induce differentiation and apoptosis in tumor cells. However, clinical response to clinically available HDAC-I have been obtained only in a proportion of patients, prompting further studies aimed at identifying more active compounds and at defining the molecular mechanisms of response to this class of agents. Acetyl-L-carnitine (ALCAR) is a metabolic intermediate that facilitates the influx and efflux of acetyl groups across the mitochondrial inner membrane, thereby contributing to the regulation of energy production and metabolism. ALCAR activity as a modulator of cellular stress response has prompted its use to protect against chemotherapy-induced neurotoxicity. However, ALCAR effects on neoplastic cells are still not defined, especially in combination with chemotherapy. Here we investigated the effects of MS-275, a HDAC-I, on cell proliferation and apoptosis in cell line models of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), and multiple myeloma (MM), in comparison with vorinostat also known as SAHA (suberoyl anilid hydroxamic acid), the most widely used HDAC-I in clinical setting. HDAC-I were tested at doses ranging from 5 to 5000nM. In addition, the effects of simultaneous exposure to 10 mM of ALCAR and selected sub-toxic concentration of HDAC-I were analyzed. The cytotoxic effect of the treatment was assessed by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The drug concentration inducing 50 % cell killing (IC-50) was calculated from the dose-response curve. Cell cycle inhibition and induction of apoptosis were analyzed by flow cytometry using the Acridine- Orange (AO) technique. Results indicated that the tested compound MS-275 significantly inhibited cell growth, as assessed by MTT assay, when used at of 5000nM. Comparative analysis of the efficacy of the two different HDAC-I compounds indicated that MS-275 was the more effective agent and the only one with clear dose-dependent activity, while SAHA displayed a flat dose-response curve, which dropped only at the highest concentration. In particular, the myeloid cell line Molm-13 was strikingly sensitive to MS-275 (IC50: < 15 nM), U937 and HL60 myeloid cell lines, the lymphoid cell line Jurkat and the MM cell line ARH-77 showed intermediate sensitivity (IC50: < 1000 nM), while the lymphoid cell line CEM R was resistant (IC50 > 10 uM). SAHA showed no activity in U937 cells when used at concentrations ranging from 100 to 1000 nM, with a dramatic reduction of absorbance at 5000 nM (>80% reduction compared to the control). Nevertheless, the combination of 500 nM SAHA with 10mM ALCAR reveled a synergistic interaction, with a 46% reduction in absorbance. We then analyzed the effects on apoptosis induction, as determined by the percentage of cells with a sub-G1 DNA content. MS-275 dose-dependently induced apoptosis in HL-60 cells (4.2%, 17.1%, 60.8%, and 87.5% in the presence of 100, 500, 1000, 5000 nM of MS-275, respectively). Conversely, SAHA induced minimal apoptosis (< 10%) at concentration ranging from 100 to 1000 nM, although > 75% of cells became apoptotic after treatment with the compound at 5000 nM. In summary, our results show that the HDAC-I MS-275 is a potent inhibitor of leukemic cell growth, capable of inducing apoptosis particularly in cell lines derived from myeloid leukemia and MM. Preliminary studies exploring the combined use of ALCAR with the SAHA support a potential anti-neoplastic synergism in selected hematological malignancies. Disclosures: Petrucci: Celgene: Honoraria; Janssen Cilag: Honoraria. Pisano: Sigma-Tau: Employment. Tafuri: Sigma-Tau: Research Funding.

Introducción: La simulación en la educación médica ha presentado un desarrollo importante a nivel mundial. Objetivo: Diseñar un modelo y aplicar una encuesta de entrenamiento para histerectomía vaginal y piso pélvico con impresiones 3D médicos de cirugía mínimamente invasiva y piso pélvico Métodos: El estudio se enmarcó en la modalidad de proyecto factible, ya que consistió en la investigación, elaboración y desarrollo de una propuesta de un modelo operativo viable para solucionar problemas, requerimientos o necesidades de organizaciones o grupos sociales, en este caso se centrara en mejorar el entrenamiento de los 10 ginecólogos obstetras que realizan el programa de perfeccionamiento profesional en cirugía mínimamente invasiva y piso pélvico del Centro Médico Docente La Trinidad. Resultados: El 70,0% refirió que los estudios en cadáveres son mejores en entrenamiento de la histerectomía vaginal. El conocimiento de la existencia de la impresión 3D fue del 50,0% regular. El 50,0% cree que la impresión 3D de modelos anatómicos puede servir para ayudar en la capacitación de los ginecólogos y obstetras. La curva de aprendizaje de histerectomías vaginales y procedimientos de piso pélvico fue buena (40,0%). Se evidencio que los modelos de entrenamientos para el procedimiento quirúrgico son extremadamente útiles (50,0%) a muy útil (50,0%). Todos firmaron que los modelos impresos en 3D mejoran las habilidades y sirve como método de enseñanza en las generaciones futuras.Conclusión: Los modelos anatómicos pueden ser una herramienta de bajo costo y realista en el entrenamiento para realizar histerectomías vaginales de forma segura y eficaz.

Background: Vegetable pea is one of the relevant vegetable crops grown in the cool season all over the India. Sulphur deficiency is becoming more prevalent in Bihar due to the less use of boron and sulphur-containing fertilizer in calcareous soils and the consequent decrease in sulphur and boron nutrients. On the other hand, organic matter-rich manures, are utilized in very small quantities which is a source of a macro-and micronutrients, including sulphur and boron. As a consequence, soils have become deficient in sulphur and boron, which is detrimental to crop production. In the absence of these sulphur and boron in the soil, different legume crops such as vegetable pea suffer from reduced growth, yield and nodule formation. Methods: In this field investigation during 2020-2022, experiments were conducted in Factorial Randomized Block Design using fifteen different combinations of Boron and Sulphur doses in Azad Pea-3 variety of vegetable pea in three replications and different pod and seed yield attributing traits were studied. Result: Among the different treatments, it has been inferred that treatment combination 40 kg S ha-1 + 2 kg B ha-1 exhibited superiority over rest of the treatment combinations with respect to pod and seed yield attributes of vegetable pea.

El mercado de construcción cada vez nos presenta nuevos materiales de construcción y nuevas facilidades para su ejecución, como en países de Europa, Oriente Medio, Asía, en la que en busca de solucionar problemas de la construcción frente a las condiciones climáticas, socioeconómicas y tecnológicas, se ha formado varias empresas que han propuesto el Bloque de concreto aligerado, en el que agregan perlas de poliestireno al concreto, para proporcionar masas livianas al producto y proporcionarles otras características adicionales ventajosas en costos y construcción. Es éste el tema que se quiere implementar a un tema de autoconstrucción en nuestro país, y probar la factibilidad del producto.