Academic literature on the topic 'Pit pattern'

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Journal articles on the topic "Pit pattern"

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Misman, Siti Norsuha, Mohd Shahril Firdaus Ab Razak, Nur Syahirah Ahmad Sobri, and Latiffah Zakaria. "Virulence Pattern of Pyricularia oryzae Pathotypes Towards Blast Monogenic Lines." Tropical Life Sciences Research 32, no. 3 (2021): 147–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.21315/tlsr2021.32.3.8.

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Rice blast caused by Pyricularia oryzae (P. oryzae) is one of the most serious diseases infecting rice worldwide. In the present study, virulence pattern of six P. oryzae pathotypes (P0.0, P0.2, P1.0, P3.0, P7.0 and P9.0) identified from the blast pathogen collected in Peninsular Malaysia, were evaluated using a set of 22 IRRI-bred blast resistance lines (IRBL) as well as to determine the resistance genes involved. The information on the virulence of the blast pathotypes and the resistance genes involved is important for breeding of new rice variety for durable resistance against blast disease
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Misman, Siti Norsuha, Mohd Shahril Firdaus Ab Razak, Nur Syahirah Ahmad Sobri, and Latiffah Zakaria. "Virulence Pattern of Pyricularia oryzae Pathotypes Towards Blast Monogenic Lines." Tropical Life Sciences Research 32, no. 3 (2021): 147–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.21315/tlsr2021.32.3.8.

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Rice blast caused by Pyricularia oryzae (P. oryzae) is one of the most serious diseases infecting rice worldwide. In the present study, virulence pattern of six P. oryzae pathotypes (P0.0, P0.2, P1.0, P3.0, P7.0 and P9.0) identified from the blast pathogen collected in Peninsular Malaysia, were evaluated using a set of 22 IRRI-bred blast resistance lines (IRBL) as well as to determine the resistance genes involved. The information on the virulence of the blast pathotypes and the resistance genes involved is important for breeding of new rice variety for durable resistance against blast disease
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Wang, Dongyuan, Feng Zhu, Jichun Wang, et al. "Pathogenicity Analyses of Rice Blast Fungus (Pyricularia oryzae) from Japonica Rice Area of Northeast China." Pathogens 13, no. 3 (2024): 211. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens13030211.

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In order to understand the pathogenicity differentiation of rice blast fungus (Pyricularia oryzae Cavara), a total of 206 isolates of P. oryzae were collected from three Japonica rice regions in Jilin Province, northeast China. Pathogenicity test showed that the reaction pattern of 25 monogenic differential varieties (MDVs) of rice (Oryza sativa L.) demonstrated a wide pathogenic diversity among the isolates. Those MDVs harbor 23 resistance (R) genes with the susceptible variety Lijiangxintuanheigu (LTH) as control. Virulent isolates of MDVs harboring R genes Pish, Pit, Pia, Pii, Pik-s, Pik, P
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Fukuta, Yoshimichi, Mary Jeanie Telebanco-Yanoria, Nagao Hayashi, Seiji Yanagihara, Catherine Wanjiku Machungo, and Daigo Makihara. "Pathogenicities of Rice Blast (Pyricularia oryzae Cavara) Isolates From Kenya." Plant Disease 103, no. 12 (2019): 3181–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-04-19-0870-re.

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A total of 99 isolates of rice blast (Pyricularia oryzae Cavara) were collected from 2010 to 2015 from four regions in Kenya: Kirinyaga County and Embu County, Kisumu County, Tana River County, and Mombasa County. The pathogenicities of these isolates were clarified based on the reaction patterns of Lijiangxintuanheigu and differential varieties (DVs) targeting 23 resistance genes. The frequency of virulent isolates was high for DVs for Pib, Pia, Pii, Pi3, Pi5(t), Pik-s, Pik-m, Pi1, Pik-h, Pik, Pik-p, Pi7(t), Pi19(t), and Pi20(t); low for DVs for Pish, Pi9(t), Piz-5, and Piz-t; and intermediat
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Kawasaki-Tanaka, A., N. Hayashi, S. Yanagihara, and Y. Fukuta. "Diversity and Distribution of Rice Blast (Pyricularia oryzae Cavara) Races in Japan." Plant Disease 100, no. 4 (2016): 816–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-04-15-0442-re.

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In total, 310 rice blast (Pyricularia oryzae Cavara) isolates from Japan showed wide variation in virulence. Virulence on rice (Oryza sativa L.) differential varieties (DV) harboring resistance genes Pish, Pia, Pii, Pi3, Pi5(t), Pik-s, and Pi19(t) ranged from 82.9 to 100.0%. In contrast, virulence on DV possessing Pib, Pit, Pik-m, Pi1, Pik-h, Pik, Pik-p, Pi7(t), Pi9(t), Piz, Piz-5, Piz-t, Pita-2, Pita, Pi12(t), and Pi20(t) ranged from 0 to 21.6%. Cluster analysis using the reaction patterns of the DV classified isolates into three groups: I, virulent to Pik, Pik-h, Pik-p, Pik-m, Pi1, and Pi7(t
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Patel, Omeet N., Chao-Shou Chen, and Dimitrios Maroudas. "Pit rim decomposition into multiple quantum dots on surfaces of epitaxial thin films grown on pit-patterned substrates." Journal of Applied Physics 132, no. 8 (2022): 085301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0106912.

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We report results of dynamical simulations according to an experimentally validated surface morphological evolution model on the formation of regular arrays of quantum dot molecules (QDMs) consisting of 1D arrays of smaller interacting quantum dots (QDs). These QD arrays form along the sides of each pit rim on the surface of a coherently strained thin film epitaxially deposited on a semiconductor substrate, the surface of which consists of a periodic pattern of inverted prismatic pits with rectangular pit openings. We find that this complex QDM pattern results from the decomposition of the pit
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Mizumoto, Takeshi, Yoji Sanomura, Shinji Tanaka, et al. "Clinical usefulness of magnifying endoscopy for non-ampullary duodenal tumors." Endoscopy International Open 05, no. 04 (2017): E297—E302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-103681.

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Abstract Study aims This study aimed to investigate the clinical usefulness of magnifying endoscopy (ME) for non-ampullary duodenal tumors. Patients and methods We enrolled 103 consecutive patients with non-ampullary duodenal tumors that were observed by ME with narrow-band imaging (ME-NBI) and had pit pattern analysis before endoscopic resection at Hiroshima University Hospital before December 2014. ME-NBI images were classified as Type B or Type C according to the Hiroshima classification, and pit patterns were classified as regular or irregular. We studied the clinicopathological features a
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Testoni, Sabrina Gloria Giulia, Pier Alberto Testoni, Chiara Notaristefano, Edi Viale, and Giulia Martina Cavestro. "Reliability of Kudo’s Glandular Pit Pattern in Predicting Colorectal Lesion Histology at Routine Colonoscopy with Digital Chromoendoscopy." Gastrointestinal Disorders 6, no. 3 (2024): 661–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/gidisord6030044.

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Background. The large number of lesions detected via high-definition (HD) imaging during colonoscopy calls for the reliable real-time histological characterization of polyps, especially diminutive and small ones, to permit tailored management based on the neoplastic risk, such as a “resect-and-discard” or a “diagnose-and-leave” strategy for low-risk adenomas and hyperplastic polyps (HPs). The Kudo classification of glandular pit pattern is currently used for predicting polyp histology. Aim. The aim in this study was to assess whether Kudo’s glandular pit pattern, assessed via HD digital chromo
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Nguyet, Nguyen T. M., Hoang H. Long, Nguyen B. Ngoc, et al. "Diversity and Distribution of Rice Blast (Pyricularia oryzae Cavara) Races in Vietnam." Plant Disease 104, no. 2 (2020): 381–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-05-19-1008-re.

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A total of 239 isolates of blast (Pyricularia oryzae Cavara) collected from northern and central Vietnam showed a wide variation in pathogenicity based on the reaction patterns to 25 differential varieties (DVs) harboring 23 resistance genes and susceptible cultivar Lijiangxintuanheigu (LTH). The frequencies of isolates virulent toward DVs for Pish, Pik-m, Pi1, Pik-h, Pik, Pik-p, Pi7(t), Pi9(t), Piz-5, Pita-2, and Pita were low, but they were high for DVs for Pib, Pit, Pia, Pii, Pi3, Pi5(t), Pik-s, Piz, Piz-t, Pi12(t), Pi19(t), and Pi20(t). Isolates were classified into three cluster groups Ia
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Ohtsuka, Kazuo, Hiroshi Kashida, Jun-ichi Ukegawa, et al. "Pit pattern of colitic cancer and dysplasia." Progress of Digestive Endoscopy 68, no. 2 (2006): 58–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.11641/pde.68.2_58.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Pit pattern"

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Lundberg, Åsa. "Vinterbyar : ett bandsamhälles territorier i Norrlands inland, 4500-2500 f. Kr." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Arkeologi och samiska studier, 1997. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-67020.

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The main archaeological features studied in this thesis are semi-subterranean house remains in the woodlands of middle northern Sweden, east of the high mountains and some 100 km from the coast. The period during which they were occupied has been delimited to 4500-2500 BC. The house remains consist of circular or sometimes rectangular depressions in the ground, surrounded by mounds of refuse and large amounts of fire-cracked stone. Eighty house remains of this kind have been discovered so far and 20 features have been excavated. They are found at 29 different localities that cover an area of m
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Kwong, April P. "Tree pattern constraints for XML : theory and applications /." For electronic version search Digital dissertations database. Restricted to UC campuses. Access is free to UC campus dissertations, 2004. http://uclibs.org/PID/11984.

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Newlon, Courtney. "An Evaluation of Bull Trout Movement Dynamics in the Walla Walla River." DigitalCommons@USU, 2018. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/7361.

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Bull trout are a fish species listed as threatened under the Endangered Species Act.Historically, they ranged from Northern California at the southernmost extent, into Canada at the northern most extent, and east into Nevada and Montana. Bull trout are highly migratory and require large, unfragmented habitats to persist and are thus highly susceptible to human induced land-use practices. The goal of my thesis was to obtain a better understanding of bull trout movement patterns in the Walla Walla River, Washington using complimentary techniques; Passive Integrated Transponder (PIT)technology an
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Correa, Maricela. "Cultural patterns in third party attention /." Diss., Digital Dissertations Database. Restricted to UC campuses, 2005. http://uclibs.org/PID/11984.

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Andersen, Matthew Alan. "Pro-cyclical productivity patterns in U.S. agriculture /." For electronic version search Digital dissertations database. Restricted to UC campuses. Access is free to UC campus dissertations, 2005. http://uclibs.org/PID/11984.

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Pan, Kai. "Using evolution patterns to find duplicated bugs /." Diss., Digital Dissertations Database. Restricted to UC campuses, 2006. http://uclibs.org/PID/11984.

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Coleman, Matthew Charles. "Pattern recognition of historical fermentation data for optimization of recombinant protein production /." For electronic version search Digital dissertations database. Restricted to UC campuses. Access is free to UC campus dissertations, 2005. http://uclibs.org/PID/11984.

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Quezada, Jorge Francisco Perez. "Carbon flux patterns in agroecosystems of northern Kazakhstan /." For electronic version search Digital dissertations database. Restricted to UC campuses. Access is free to UC campus dissertations, 2005. http://uclibs.org/PID/11984.

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Maccari, Emanuela. "Narrative discourse patterns in dementia." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2018. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=236553.

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This study was designed with the aim of exploring from a qualitative point of view the communicative abilities of people affected by dementia. From among the different discourse genres, narratives were selected as these appear frequently in conversation and at the same time are a complex activity in which different cognitive and social skills interact. In spite of their apparent simplicity, they require an extended effort by the teller, who needs to choose an appropriate point in the conversation when the narrative can be introduced, recall all the necessary details and organize them in a comp
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Conway-Cranos, Letitia L. "Recovery dynamics in rocky intertidal communities : Patterns, mechanisms and simulations /." Diss., Digital Dissertations Database. Restricted to UC campuses, 2009. http://uclibs.org/PID/11984.

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Books on the topic "Pit pattern"

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Muir, Sally. Pet projects: The animal knits bible. Taunton Press, 2009.

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Sloan, Pat. Pat Sloan's fast-forward quilts. Leisure Arts, 2010.

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Teng, Lang Nei. Shao nu xiao pin bian zhi. Multi Views, 2003.

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Poggemeyer, Carly. Learn to do pinweaving in just one day. American School of Needlework, 1995.

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Wu, Yuzhen. Ma ma qin shou zuo xiao xue sheng yong pin. Ya shi wen hua shi ye you xian gong si, 2008.

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María del C. Mastandrea de Torres. Telar mapuche: De pie sobre la tierra. 3rd ed. Fondo Nacional de las Artes y Guada, 2005.

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Polley, Laura. Pet pleasers: 6 sweaters! Doggie duds for dress-up days! Annie's Attic, 2002.

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No, Chae-hak. Han'guk sansa ŭi tanch'ŏng segye: Pulgyo kŏnch'uk e p'yŏlch'in hwaŏm ŭi pit. Misul Munhwa, 2019.

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1978-, Hughes Josie, and Pacific Forestry Centre, eds. Modeling the effect of landscape pattern on mountain pine beetles. Pacific Forestry Centre, 2006.

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Keyan, Liu. Yuan dai fang zhi pin wen yang yan jiu: Textile Pattern in Yuan Dynasty. Dong hua da xue chu ban she, 2018.

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Book chapters on the topic "Pit pattern"

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Yamano, Hiro-o. "Magnifying Endoscopy: Pit Pattern Diagnosis." In Endoscopic Management of Colorectal T1(SM) Carcinoma. Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-6649-9_2.

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Kwitt, Roland, Nikhil Rasiwasia, Nuno Vasconcelos, Andreas Uhl, Michael Häfner, and Friedrich Wrba. "Learning Pit Pattern Concepts for Gastroenterological Training." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-23626-6_35.

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Häfner, Michael, Alfred Gangl, Roland Kwitt, Andreas Uhl, Andreas Vécsei, and Friedrich Wrba. "Improving Pit–Pattern Classification of Endoscopy Images by a Combination of Experts." In Medical Image Computing and Computer-Assisted Intervention – MICCAI 2009. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-04268-3_31.

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Jiang, Minmin, Di Wang, Yu Li, and Zhaoran Xiao. "Effect of Pit System Stiffness on Force and Deformation of Adjacent Monopile." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering. Springer Nature Singapore, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-97-6238-5_30.

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AbstractThe soil displacement caused by the foundation excavation will impose additional stresses on the pile foundations within its influence range, resulting in lateral displacement or insufficient bearing capacity of the pile foundations, which will adversely affect the pile foundations and cause uneven settlement of the structures in the long run, triggering local damage to the soil below the pile foundations and even distorting the deformation of the upper structures, affecting their safety in use. In this paper, the two-stage method is used to analyze the lateral displacement of pile fou
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Ying, Qiang, Xinnong Zhang, Dongdong Jia, and Changying Chen. "Experimental Study on the Relationship Between the Height of Submerged Dam at the Entrance of Pit-Type Pool and the Treatment Effect." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering. Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-6138-0_37.

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AbstractThe submerged dam is one of the commonly used schemes for the prevention and treatment of the pit-type collapse, which is often used in the pit-type collapse emergency treatment in Anhui and Jiangsu sections of the Yangtze River and has achieved good silt-promoting effects. However, the height of submerged dam lacks theoretical and experimental basis in the design and has been determined by experience in the past. Through the physical model of the pit-type collapse of Guizhou Village in the Yangzhong Reach, five different heights of the submerged dam were tested, and the flow velocity,
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Kaushik, Aarti, and Peter S. Conti. "Normal Patterns and Artifacts." In PET-CT. Springer New York, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-5811-2_1.

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Lee, Ho-Young, Myung-Chul Lee, and E. Edmund Kim. "Normal and Variable Patterns." In Clinical PET. Springer New York, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-22530-2_8.

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Taylor, John T., and Wayne T. Taylor. "PIM Thermostat Example." In Patterns in the Machine. Apress, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4842-6440-9_16.

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Lee, Ho-Young, Myung-Chul Lee, and E. Edmund Kim. "Normal and Variable Patterns in PET." In Clinical PET and PET/CT. Springer New York, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-0802-5_8.

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Lin, Yuejie, En-tao Liu, and Tian Mou. "Statistical Characteristics of 3-D PET Imaging: A Comparison Between Conventional and Total-Body PET Scanners." In Pattern Recognition and Computer Vision. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-18910-4_20.

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Conference papers on the topic "Pit pattern"

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Zhu, Chao, Cunyong Song, Guoye Jiang, and Qian Hao. "Research on intelligent positioning of hydrant pit of hydrant pipeline system." In International Conference on Image, Signal Processing, and Pattern Recognition (ISPP 2025), edited by Haiquan Zhao and Xinhua Tang. SPIE, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.3070679.

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Joosten, M. W., T. Johnsen, H. H. Hardy, T. Jøssang, and J. Feder. "Fractal Behavior of CO2 Pits." In CORROSION 1992. NACE International, 1992. https://doi.org/10.5006/c1992-92011.

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Abstract Corrosion problems associated with pitting in water containing dissolved carbon dioxide are a major concern in the oil and gas industry. The local, accelerated rate of corrosion, associated with carbon dioxide induced pitting, has caused large amounts of unplanned maintenance to oil and gas installations. The pattern of pit location and growth is impossible to predict reliably. The usual approach to corrosion control is to incorporate very large safety factors. The carbon dioxide corrosion process has been modelled by numerous investigators and studied by even more. A sound, quantitat
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Desjardins, Guy. "Corrosion Rate and Severity Results from In-Line-Inspection Data." In CORROSION 2001. NACE International, 2001. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2001-01624.

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Abstract Pipeline operators are increasingly using in-line inspections to maintain the integrity of their pipelines. Inspection tool vendors, in turn, have been steadily improving the technology to give in-line inspections greater accuracy and resolution. In-line inspections enable the pipeline operator to address the most severe defects on the pipeline. Over the last several years, Morrison Scientific has developed methods of adding another dimension to inspection data. That dimension is corrosion rate. Two methods exist: The first method estimates bulk corrosion rates from a single inspectio
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Salling, Melissza, Mónika Garai-Fodor, and Orsolya Szigeti. "Eating Patterns of Hungarians Towards Pig Meat." In 2025 IEEE 19th International Symposium on Applied Computational Intelligence and Informatics (SACI). IEEE, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1109/saci66288.2025.11030163.

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Yan, Liang, Xiaoyang Lu, Xiaoming Chen, et al. "AceMiner: Accelerating Graph Pattern Matching using PIM with Optimized Cache System." In 2024 IEEE 42nd International Conference on Computer Design (ICCD). IEEE, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1109/iccd63220.2024.00091.

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Yang, Yu, Yu Shao, Lian Xiong, and Jiajun Li. "Pattern Reconfiguration of a Transparent and Flexible Antenna Using PIN Diodes." In 2024 IEEE 12th Asia-Pacific Conference on Antennas and Propagation (APCAP). IEEE, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1109/apcap62011.2024.10881410.

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Meesala, Pavani, Apurba Pradhan, Baivab Saha, Nirmalendu Sarma, and Dalton Meitei Thounaojam. "GDP-PIH: A Robust Perceptual Image Hashing using Gradient Directional Pattern." In 2024 2nd International Conference on Artificial Intelligence Trends and Pattern Recognition (ICAITPR). IEEE, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1109/icaitpr63242.2024.10960069.

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Hafner, M., A. Gangl, M. Liedlgruber, A. Uhl, A. Vecsei, and F. Wrba. "Pit pattern classification using extended Local Binary Patterns." In 2009 9th International Conference on Information Technology and Applications in Biomedicine (ITAB 2009). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/itab.2009.5394423.

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Hafner, M., Ch Kendlbacher, W. Mann, et al. "Pit Pattern Classification of Zoom-Endoscopic Colon Images using Histogram Techniques." In Proceedings of the 7th Nordic Signal Processing Symposium - NORSIG 2006. IEEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/norsig.2006.275276.

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Abousleiman, R., C. I. Contreras, J. Cremeens, T. Worsey, and N. Rouse. "Concept Feasibility and Predicted Behavior of Mining a Rock Tower with Drill-And-Blast Undermining Using Dynamic Three-Dimensional Discontinuum Numerical Models." In 58th U.S. Rock Mechanics/Geomechanics Symposium. ARMA, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.56952/arma-2024-0591.

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ABSTRACT: The safety and efficacy of a proposed novel mining method - felling a mineralized rock tower away from an adjacent river and towards an existing open pit using a wedge-shaped "key-cut" blast pattern and post-split hinge – was analyzed by integrating site-specific and site-adjacent data to develop a into a dynamic three-dimensional discrete element method numerical model. These data included historic laboratory testing and geomechanical core logging from the adjacent open pit, Lidar scans and geomechanical spot mapping of the rock tower, local signature blast seismic data, and propose
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Reports on the topic "Pit pattern"

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Sessa, Guido, and Gregory Martin. role of FLS3 and BSK830 in pattern-triggered immunity in tomato. United States Department of Agriculture, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2016.7604270.bard.

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Pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs) located on the plant cell surface initiate immune responses by perceiving conserved pathogen molecules known as pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs). PRRs typically function in multiprotein complexes that include transmembrane and cytoplasmickinases and contribute to the initiation and signaling of pattern-triggered immunity (PTI). An important challenge is to identify molecular components of PRR complexes and downstream signaling pathways, and to understand the molecular mechanisms that mediate their function. In research activities supported by
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Zydlewski, Gayle B., and Sean Casey. Evaluation of Fish Movements, Migration Patterns and Populations Abundance with Streamwidth PIT Tag Interrogation Systems, Final Report 2002. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/828278.

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Zydlewski, Gayle, Christiane Winter, and Dee McClanahan. Evaluation of Fish Movements, Migration Patterns, and Population Abundance with Streamwidth PIT Tag Interrogation Systems, Final Report 2002. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/963051.

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Alemu, Dawit, and Gashaw T. Abate. The Covid-19 Pandemic and Household Rice Consumption Patterns in Ethiopia: The Case of Addis Ababa. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/apra.2021.012.

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The outbreak of COVID-19 also resulted in moderate changes to the operation of the domestic rice value chain in Ethiopia. These were caused by changing responses of value chain actors (domestic and others engaged in rice imports) to the COVID-19 prevention measures put in place by the government. These changes increased the price of rice, which favoured rice producers and adversely affected urban consumers. This research note assesses household rice consumption patterns in Addis Ababa by comparing the situation before and during the COVID-19 pandemic, using a representative sample of household
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Sessa, Guido, and Gregory B. Martin. molecular link from PAMP perception to a MAPK cascade associated with tomato disease resistance. United States Department of Agriculture, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2012.7597918.bard.

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The research problem: The detection of pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) by plant pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) is a key mechanism by which plants activate an effective immune response against pathogen attack. MAPK cascades are important signaling components downstream of PRRs that transduce the PAMP signal to activate various defense responses. Preliminary experiments suggested that the receptor-like cytoplasmickinase (RLCK) Mai5 plays a positive role in pattern-triggered immunity (PTI) and interacts with the MAPKKK M3Kε. We thus hypothesized that Mai5, as other RLCKs, fun
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Rodríguez-Apolinar, Sergio, and Eduardo Fernández-Arias. The Productivity Gap in Latin America: Lessons from 50 Years of Development. Inter-American Development Bank, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0011731.

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This paper combines development accounting exercises with economic theory to assess the importance of total factor productivity and the accumulation of factors of production as engines of growth in Latin America. Using the new, drastically revised Penn World Table (PWT) and Barro-Lee datasets, the paper shows that lower and non-convergent income relative to successful development benchmarks are explained by subpar productivity gains rather than slower factor accumulation. The empirical analysis of the interplay between productivity and accumulation in the process of development suggests that o
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Santoro, Fabrizio, Celeste Scarpini, and Stephen Okika. he Potential of Digital ID Systems for Tax Administration: The Case of Ghana. Institute of Development Studies, 2024. https://doi.org/10.19088/ictd.2024.114.

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Digital identification systems (DIS) have great potential for strengthening tax administration. This paper examines the practical implications of integrating DIS with tax administration in Ghana. Studying system integration and data sharing between the Ghana Revenue Authority and the National Identification Agency, we evaluate the impact of replacing taxpayer identification numbers (TINs) with personal identification numbers (PINs) linked to a Ghana Card. By analysing administrative data and surveying 1,000 businesses in Accra, the study investigates registration patterns, tax perceptions and
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Prusky, Dov, Nancy P. Keller, and Amir Sherman. global regulation of mycotoxin accumulation during pathogenicity of Penicillium expansum in postharvest fruits. United States Department of Agriculture, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2014.7600012.bard.

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Background to the topic- Penicilliumas a postharvest pathogen and producer of the mycotoxin PAT. Penicilliumspp. are destructive phytopathogens, capable of causing decay in many deciduous fruits, during postharvest handling and storage; and the resulting losses can amount to 10% of the stored produce and the accumulation of large amounts of the mycotoxinpatulin. The overall goal of this proposal is to identify critical host and pathogen factors that modulate P. expansummycotoxin genes and pathways which are required for PAT production and virulence. Our preliminary results indicated that gluco
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Takama, Takesh, Elvine Kwamboka, Mbeo Ogeya, Anne Nyambane, and Rocia Diaz-Chavez. Improving Kenya’s coffee value chain and sector reforms through Sustainable Consumption and Production Practices integration. Stockholm Environment Institute, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.51414/sei2021.036.

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Coffee is an essential player in Kenya’s agricultural sector, yet it has suffered a steady decline in production in the past 40 years. Addressing the sector’s challenges can also advance the UN 2030 Agenda’s 12th Sustainable Development Goal, which is to “ensure sustainable consumption and production patterns,” by incorporating Sustainable Consumption and Production Practices (SCPs) in the coffee value chain. This policy brief explores the potential integration of SCPs across the coffee production chain. We present SCPs that emerged from a series of focus group discussions, stakeholder consult
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Jordana, Jacint, Christian Volpe Martincus, and Andrés Gallo. Export Promotion Organizations in Latin America and the Caribbean: An Institutional Portrait. Inter-American Development Bank, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0011218.

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Virtually all Latin American and Caribbean countries have established specialized organizations to promote their exports. Existing analyses of these organizations are at best partial and fragmentary. This paper aims at overcoming these limitations of the literature by presenting a consistent, detailed organizational characterization of the major export promotion entities in their respective countries. This characterization is primarily based on data collected through an extensive survey that we have conducted among organizations in the region, and, to put them into an appropriate perspective,
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