Academic literature on the topic 'Pitching (Baseball) Performance. Batting (Baseball)'
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Journal articles on the topic "Pitching (Baseball) Performance. Batting (Baseball)"
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Gray, Rob. "Differences in Attentional Focus Associated With Recovery From Sports Injury: Does Injury Induce an Internal Focus?" Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology 37, no. 6 (December 2015): 607–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jsep.2015-0156.
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Although it is commonly believed that focusing too much attention on the injured body area impairs recovery in sports, this has not been directly assessed. The present study investigated attentional focus following sports injury. Experienced baseball position players recovering from knee surgery (Expt 1) and baseball pitchers recovering from elbow surgery (Expt 2) performed simulated batting and pitching respectively. They also performed three different secondary tasks: leg angle judgments, arm angle judgments, and judgments about the ball leaving their bat/hand. Injured athletes were compared with expert and novice control groups. Performance on the secondary tasks indicated that the injured batters had an internal focus of attention localized on the area of the injury resulting in significantly poorer batting performance as compared with the expert controls. Injured pitchers had a diffuse, internal attentional focus similar to that of novices resulting in poorer pitching performance as compared with the expert controls.
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Porter, Anthony, Shawn Yang, Aakash Chauhan, Samuel Early, Sravya Challa, John D’Angelo, Daniel Keefe, Heinz Hoenecke, and Jan Fronek. "Professional Advancement and Performance of Amateur Baseball Players Selected in the Major League Baseball Draft With Previous Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction." American Journal of Sports Medicine 48, no. 3 (January 28, 2020): 581–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0363546519898194.
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Background: The effect that an anterior cruciate ligament injury requiring reconstructive surgery has on the professional advancement and performance of amateur baseball players selected in the Major League Baseball draft is not known. Return to sports after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) in professional athletes has been shown to be high, but mixed results with regard to performance and return to preinjury level have been demonstrated in other sports. Purpose: To (1) investigate the highest level of professional advancement among Major League Baseball draftees with a history of ACLR before entering the draft, (2) examine how much time these players spent on the disabled list (DL) and determine if it was related to the knee, and (3) compare the batting and pitching performance of these players against healthy matched controls. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: Predraft medical records of all players selected in the Major League Baseball draft from 2004 to 2008 were reviewed. Players with a documented anterior cruciate ligament injury treated with ACLR before the draft were included. For each study player, 3 controls were identified. Data were accumulated from the time when players were drafted through the 2015 season. Outcome variables included highest professional level of advancement, DL time, and batting and pitching performance. Results: Forty draftees with a history of ACLR (22 pitchers, 18 position players) were identified and matched to 120 controls (66 pitchers, 54 position players). The difference in the highest level of professional advancement between the groups was not statistically significant ( P = .488). The mean total number of times and the mean total number of days on the DL were similar between the groups (1.83 vs 1.47, P = .297; 121.54 vs 109.62, P = .955); however, the mean number of times on the DL because of a knee injury was significantly different (0.28 vs 0.11, P = .004), as was the mean number of days on the DL because of a knee injury (17.36 vs 7.72, P = .009). Among pitchers, there were no differences in performance. Similarly, there were no differences among position players in batting performance. Conclusion: There was no difference between draftees with a history of ACLR and their controls in terms of advancement from the minor to the major leagues. Additionally, pitching and batting performance were similar. Although the 2 groups spent similar time on the DL, the ACLR group spent more time on the DL because of a knee injury than the control group.
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Kent, Wes P., and Scott C. Sheridan. "The Impact of Cloud Cover on Major League Baseball." Weather, Climate, and Society 3, no. 1 (January 1, 2011): 7–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2011wcas1093.1.
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Abstract Although it is often suggested that direct sunlight may affect a player’s vision, no published studies have analyzed this interaction. In this research, a variety of statistical tests were utilized to study how baseball variables respond to different cloud cover conditions. Data from more than 35 000 Major League Baseball games, spanning the seasons from 1987 through 2002, were studied. Eleven baseball variables covering batting, pitching, and fielding performance were included. Overall responses were analyzed, as well as individual responses at 21 different stadiums. Home and away team performances were evaluated separately. This study then synthesized the synergistic differences in offensive production, pitching performance, and fielding performance into changes in the “home field advantage.” Offensive production generally declines during clearer-sky daytime games compared to cloudy-sky daytime games, while pitching performance increases as conditions become clearer. Strikeouts show the strongest response in the study, increasing from 5.95 per game during cloudy-sky conditions to 6.40 per game during clear-sky conditions. The number of errors per game increases during clear-sky daytime games compared to cloudy-sky daytime games, while fly outs increase and ground outs decrease between daytime and nighttime games, regardless of the amount of cloud cover. Results at individual stadiums vary, with some stadiums displaying a very strong association between baseball performance and changes in cloud cover, while others display a weak association. All of these impacts affect the home field advantage, with the home team winning 56% of the games played under clear skies compared to 52.3% of the games played under cloudy skies.
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Smart, Dennis, Jason Winfree, and Richard Wolfe. "Major League Baseball Managers: Do They Matter?" Journal of Sport Management 22, no. 3 (May 2008): 303–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jsm.22.3.303.
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Smart and Wolfe (2003) assessed the concurrent contribution of leadership and human resources to Major League Baseball (MLB) team performance. They found that player resources (defense/pitching and offence/batting) explained 67% of the variance in winning percentage, whereas leadership explained very little (slightly more than 1%) of the variance. In discussing the minimal contribution of leadership to their results, the authors suggested that future studies expand their operationalization of leadership. That is what is done in this study. Finding that the expanded operationalization has limited effect in explaining the contribution of leadership, we take an alternative tack in attempting to understand leadership in MLB. In addition, we estimate a production frontier (based on offensive and defensive resources), determine the efficiency of MLB managers relative to that frontier, and investigate the extent to which manager efficiency can be explained by manager characteristics. Finally, manager characteristics are related to manager compensation.
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Robertson, P. B., M. M. Walsh, and J. C. Greene. "Oral Effects of Smokeless Tobacco Use by Professional Baseball Players." Advances in Dental Research 11, no. 3 (September 1997): 307–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/08959374970110030101.
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This is a review of studies conducted from 1988-90 on the oral consequences of snuff and chewing tobacco use among professional baseball players. About half of the players studied were smokeless tobacco (ST) users, the majority of whom used snuff. Compared with non-users, players who used ST showed a significantly higher prevalence of leukoplakia, which was related to placement of the ST quid, and the frequency, amount, duration, and type of ST used. Sites adjacent to these mucosal lesions showed an increased prevalence of gingival recession with associated attachment loss, cervical abrasion, and root caries than did comparable sites in non-users. Extrinsic stain and occlusal attrition were also more frequent in ST users than in non-users. While ST use placed players at significantly increased risk for mucosal lesions and other oral problems, no differences were found between ST non-users and users in measurements of batting, fielding, and pitching performance during the baseball season.
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Gould, Heath P., Robert Daniel Winkelman, Joseph Tanenbaum, Emily Hu, Colin M. Haines, Wellington Hsu, Iain H. Kalfas, Jason W. Savage, Mark S. Schickendantz, and Thomas E. Mroz. "Performance-Based Outcomes Following Symptomatic Pars Injuries in American Professional Baseball Players." Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine 7, no. 7_suppl5 (July 2019): 2325967119S0040. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2325967119s00406.
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Objectives: Previous studies in the evidence-based literature suggest that lumbar spine injuries can lead to a significant decrease in athletic performance. This phenomenon is particularly evident in sports that require repetitive truncal rotation, such as baseball. Although we have previously characterized the natural history of symptomatic spondylolysis and spondylolisthesis in professional baseball players, no prior study has investigated the impact of pars injuries on player performance in this patient population. The purpose of this study was to report performance-based outcomes following symptomatic pars injuries in elite-level baseball athletes. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted among all professional baseball players who presented with a symptomatic pars defect between 2011 and 2016. Both Major League and Minor League players were enrolled using a de-identified injury surveillance database maintained by the MLB. Lumbar spine imaging reports were reviewed to confirm the radiologic diagnosis of spondylolysis or spondylolisthesis. Players were stratified according to baseball position (pitcher vs. position player). Primary outcome measures for pitchers were earned run average (ERA) and walks plus hits per inning pitched (WHIP), while primary outcomes for position players were batting average (AVG) and on-base plus slugging (OPS). Paired t tests were used to compare pre-injury statistical performance to post-injury performance, with p < 0.05 treated as statistically significant. Results: During the defined study period, 75 players presented with low-back pain in the setting of a pars defect. 47 players were diagnosed with spondylolysis (62.7%), while 28 were diagnosed with spondylolisthesis (37.3%). Of those individuals, 19 players were excluded due to incomplete statistical data in the MLB injury surveillance system. Pre-injury vs. post-injury statistical comparisons are presented in Table 1. Pitching performance after the pars injury did not significantly differ with regard to the primary outcome measures, ERA (3.45 vs. 4.73; p = 0.25) and WHIP (1.28 vs. 1.47; p = 0.26). There was also no significant difference in any of the secondary outcomes - runs per 9 innings (R/9), hits per 9 innings (H/9), walks per 9 innings (BB/9), strikeouts per 9 innings (K/9), home runs per 9 innings (HR/9), and strikeout-to-walk ratio (K/BB). Similarly, batting performance among position players did not significantly differ from pre-injury to post-injury with regard to the primary outcomes, AVG (.261 vs. .256; p = 0.59) and OPS (.672 vs. .667; p = 0.87), or any of the secondary outcomes - on-base percentage (OBP), slugging percentage (SLG), runs per plate appearance (R/PA), hits per plate appearance (H/PA), runs batted in per plate appearance (RBI/PA), extra-base hits per plate appearance (XBH/PA), home runs per plate appearance (HR/PA), and walk-to-strikeout ratio (BB/K). Conclusion: This study represents the most comprehensive analysis of the impact of symptomatic pars injuries on MLB player performance. While previous studies suggest that lumbar injuries lead to shorter careers in both pitchers and position players, our current data demonstrate that pars defects do not cause a significant decrease in performance when MLB athletes return to play following these injury episodes. Given the limitations of our study design, larger prospective investigations are needed to validate these conclusions. [Table: see text]
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Soto Valero, César, and Mabel González Castellanos. "Sabermetría y nuevas tendencias en el análisis estadístico del juego de béisbol (Sabermetrics and new trends in statistical analysis of baseball)." Retos, no. 28 (March 23, 2015): 122–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.47197/retos.v0i28.34826.
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La sabermetría es reconocida actualmente como una tendencia novedosa en el estudio del juego de béisbol. Con mucho auge y utilización en el análisis empírico, esta se basa en el estudio estadístico riguroso de la evidencia objetiva obtenida durante el juego. Teniendo en cuenta tanto sus aportes teóricos como prácticos, la sabermetría se fundamenta en una constante búsqueda por comprender cómo jugar mejor y más eficientemente al béisbol, lo cual se expresa y soporta mediante un tipo de análisis de actuación único entre todos los deportes colectivos. El presente trabajo aborda los aspectos esenciales de la sabermetría, fundamentando la necesidad de su surgimiento y utilización, como una forma de perfeccionar la manera en que tradicionalmente se ha llevado a cabo el análisis estadístico en el béisbol. Además, se brinda un resumen de los estadísticos sabermétricos más utilizados, tanto de bateo y picheo como otros de valor individual para el equipo, con el propósito de hacer más clara su comprensión, estudio y posterior utilización entre los seguidores de este deporte.Abstract. Sabermetrics is recognized as a new trend in the study of baseball game. This is based on the rigorous statistical study of the objective evidence obtained and has been used extensively in its empirical analysis. Considering both theoretical and practical contributions, sabermetrics involves the constant quest of understanding how to play baseball better and more efficiently, which is expressed and supported by an exceptional type of analysis performance unique among all team sports. This paper describes the essential aspects of sabermetrics, pointing in the necessity of its emergence and use, as a way to improve the traditional statistical analysis of baseball. Moreover, a summary of the sabermetrics statistics most widely used is given. Both batting and pitching, as well as others of individual value for the team are stated throughout this work in order to make sabermetrics understanding, study and further use clearer among followers of this sport.
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Peterson, Joshua G., Vehniah K. Tjong, Michael A. Terry, Matthew D. Saltzman, Stephen M. Gryzlo, and Ujash Sheth. "Concussion Incidence and Impact on Player Performance in Major League Baseball Players Before and After a Standardized Concussion Protocol." Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine 8, no. 4 (April 1, 2020): 232596712091302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2325967120913020.
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Background: Sports-related concussions have garnered significant attention in recent years because of the negative effects they can have on a player’s cognitive health and performance. In response to this growing concern, Major League Baseball (MLB) introduced a standardized concussion protocol during the 2011-2012 season. Purpose/Hypothesis: The purpose of this study was to compare the reported incidence of concussions and the subsequent performance of MLB players before and after the introduction of the standardized concussion protocol. We hypothesized that the introduction of the standardized concussion protocol would not have an impact on player performance postconcussion. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: Players who suffered a concussion between 2001 and 2018 were identified from the MLB transactions page. Incidence and player performance were compared before and after the introduction of the standardized concussion protocol. Player performance was evaluated using traditional data and sabermetric data, which are advanced statistics used in conjunction with standard statistics to better compare players and teams. Player averages were calculated and compared using paired t tests for 30 days before and after concussion, 1 year before and after concussion, and career before and after concussion. Averages were also compared before and after the institution of the standardized concussion protocol using independent-measures t tests. Results: There were a total of 114 players who suffered 142 concussions, with 77% of those occurring after the introduction of the concussion protocol (32 before, 110 after). The average time missed because of concussion significantly decreased from 33.7 days (range, 10-122 days) to 18.9 days (range, 6-111 days) after the concussion protocol ( P = .0005). There was no difference in player performance (including batting average, on-base percentage, and slugging for batters; earned run average, fielding-independent pitching, and walks plus hits per inning pitched for pitchers) after concussion at any time point (30 days, 1 year, or career) when comparing these statistics before versus after the MLB concussion protocol. However, batter performance was significantly poorer 1 year after concussion and over the remainder of the players' careers ( P < .05). Conclusion: The number of reported concussions increased after the introduction of the MLB concussion protocol. However, players spent significantly less time on the disabled list without any adverse effect on player performance. Despite these changes, long-term batting performance was significantly poorer after concussion.
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Schallmo, Michael S., Thomas H. Fitzpatrick, Hunter B. Yancey, Alejandro Marquez-Lara, T. David Luo, and Allston J. Stubbs. "Return-to-Play and Performance Outcomes of Professional Athletes in North America After Hip Arthroscopy From 1999 to 2016." American Journal of Sports Medicine 46, no. 8 (May 16, 2018): 1959–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0363546518773080.
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Background: The effect of hip arthroscopy on athletic performance compared with preinjury levels for professional athletes in different sports remains unknown. In addition, while return rates have been reported for professional baseball, football, and hockey players, return rates have not been reported for professional basketball players. Hypothesis: Professional athletes in 4 major North American sports would be able to return to their sport and preoperative level of performance at a high rate after arthroscopic hip surgery. Study Design: Descriptive epidemiology study. Methods: Major League Baseball (MLB), National Basketball Association (NBA), National Football League (NFL), and National Hockey League (NHL) athletes who underwent hip arthroscopy were identified through a previously reported protocol based on public sources. Successful return to play (RTP) was defined as returning for at least 1 professional regular season game after surgery. Performance scores were calculated by use of previously established scoring systems. Each player served as his own control, with the season prior to surgery defined as baseline. To make comparisons across sports, the authors adjusted for expected season and career length differences between sports and calculated percentage changes in performance. Results: The authors identified 227 procedures performed on 180 professional athletes between 1999 and 2016. Successful RTP was achieved in 84.6% (192/227) of the procedures. Compared with all other athletes, NBA athletes returned at a similar rate (85.7%, P ≥ .999). NFL offensive linemen returned at a significantly lower rate than all other athletes (61.1%, P = .010). NHL athletes returned at a significantly higher rate than all other athletes (91.8%, P = .048) and demonstrated significantly decreased performance during postoperative season 1 compared with baseline (–35.1%, P = .002). Lead leg surgery for MLB athletes (batting stance for hitters, pitching stance for pitchers) resulted in a 12.7% reduction in hitter performance score ( P = .041), a 1.3% reduction in pitcher fastball velocity ( P = .004), and a 60.7% reduction in pitch count ( P = .007) one season after surgery compared with baseline. Players in nearly every sport demonstrated significant reductions in game participation after surgery. Conclusion: This study supports the hypothesis that hip arthroscopy in professional athletes is associated with excellent rates of return at the professional level. However, postoperative performance outcomes varied based on sport and position.
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Nevins, Derek, Lloyd Smith, and Jeff Kensrud. "Sensitivity of batted-ball speed to swing speed models." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part P: Journal of Sports Engineering and Technology 233, no. 3 (March 26, 2019): 416–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1754337119835682.
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In baseball and softball, batted-ball velocities depend strongly on bat speed prior to contact. The purpose of this study was to characterize the sensitivity of hit. ball speed to swing speed models. A pitching machine was used to project balls at varying speeds considered to be age appropriate for female fastpitch softball batters ranging from 9 to 24 years of age. Participants swung bats of varying moment of inertia and high-speed video was used to measure bat and ball kinematics for each hit. Several power law swing speed models were compared, including a generic model for all participants, age-specific models and participant-specific models. In addition, an exponential Gaussian process regression model was used. Estimates of batted-ball speeds were obtained by coupling the swing speed models to a model of the bat–ball collision. The root mean square error of model estimates ranged from 2.3 to 5.0 rad/s for swing speed models and 3.6 to 8.5 m/s for batted-ball speed estimates. The Gaussian process regression model performance was similar to the participant-specific models (swing speed root mean square error = 2.4 rad/s; batted-ball speed root mean square error = 3.7 m/s). The correlation of the Gaussian process regression model with field measurements was surprising given the limited number of inputs, which warrants further investigation. Agreement between all power law models and field measurements improved when the bat moment of inertia about its instantaneous center of rotation (rather than about the knob) was considered. This information will be of use to players and coaches to improve batting performance and bat selection.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Pitching (Baseball) Performance. Batting (Baseball)"
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Ballenberg, Nat. "Clutch pitching in baseball does it exist? /." Diss., Connect to the thesis, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10066/986.
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Hagee, Daniel R. "Baseball Temporal Seam Recognition Study." The Ohio State University, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1458666577.
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McNally, Michael P. "Energetic Contributions to Performance and Upper Extremity Joint Kinetics in Baseball Pitching." The Ohio State University, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1543411893186982.
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Leslie, P. Jason. "The Effects of Video-Computerized Feedback on Competitive State Anxiety, Self-Efficacy, Effort, and Baseball Hitting-Task Performance." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1998. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc278280/.
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This study examined the effects of frame-by-frame video-computerized feedback on competitive state anxiety, self-efficacy, effort, and baseball performance of high school players. Players were randomly assigned to one of three feedback conditions: (a) Hitting score, (b) Hitting score and frame-by-frame analysis of a mechanically correct swing, (c) Hitting score and frame-by-frame analysis of participant's swing and a mechanically correct swing. Once per week for six weeks, the players completed three questionnaires: (a) Hitting Self-Efficacy Scale, (b) Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-2C, and (c) Performance Effort Scale, and performed a hitting task. Results of the 3 (Group) x 6 (Trials) ANOVAs revealed no significant effects. This study does not support previous confidence-baseball hitting research.
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Boyer, Brent Leonard. "Using the self-as-a-model with video editing in athletic performance." Scholarly Commons, 1987. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/501.
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A study was designed in order to assess the effectiveness of a positive self-modeling strategy in increasing the performance of four University of the Pacific baseball players. A multiple baseline design across participants was used as a means of assessing the effectiveness of the self-modeling technique. Participants viewed edited positive self-modeling videotapes of their own batting performance. Measures were taken on: (a) the number of line drive hits; (b) ground ball hits; (c) the number of times the participant hit a ground ball, but was thrown out; (d) the number of times the participant hit a line drive, but it was caught; (e) swings and misses; (f) not swinging at a strike (called strikes); (g) not swinging at a ball (called balls); (h) the number of foul balls; and (i) the number of pop ups. In addition, batting averages were kept for game performance. It was expected that participants would show an increase in hits, a decrease in hit outs, a decrease in called strikes, an increase in called balls, a decrease in foul balls, and an increase in batting average when each participant began the positive self-modeling. The performance of those participants not yet viewing their positive self-modeling tape was not expected to show such improvement. Improvement was observed in three out of the four participants.
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CHIANG, JUNG-CHUNG, and 江榮忠. "An investigation of winning percentage pitching and batting performance of top six countries in 2013 World Baseball Classic." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/9vw4bc.
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碩士輔仁大學
體育學系碩士在職專班
104
At the 117th IOC (International Olympic Committee, IOC) Session in 2005, the major program revision was the exclusion of baseball and softball from the official program in 2012 London Games. After that, some of the baseball power nations proposed to hold a baseball game, which opens the limitation to the participation of the Major League Baseball (MLB) players. This international baseball competition eventually has been named “World Baseball Classic (WBC)” to distinguish among the World Cup held every two year and the World Series of the MLB Finals. The investigation of the baseball statistics helps to read the game and analyze the team characteristics, and further to strengthen the weakness of a team. The study uses 43 games records of WCB in 2013 to investigate if the hitters’ offensive capability of the top six rank teams, including numbers of two-base hit, three-base hit, home run (HR), total hits, on base percentage (OBP), batting average, slugging percentage (SLG) have the significant relevance. Also, to probe if there is a significant difference between the winning percentage and the pitchers’ defensive capability, which can be measured by the numbers of hit (H), HR, bases on balls (BB), the strike outs (SO), the earned runs (ER), and the earned run average (ERA), among the top six rank teams. Conclusion: 1.The numbers of hits of the top six rank teams in WBC 2013 is the only measurement of the teams’ offensive capability, which has a significant relevance to the winning percentage. That means the hitting capability is a very important factor to affect if the team could win the game in the recent international competition. 2.All the six records about the teams’ defensive capability have no significant relevance to the winning percentage. Based on this finding, we can assume that there must have other elements which determinate the outcomes of the games. 3.There are no significant differences between the overall performances of both the offensive and defensive capability of the top six rank teams and their winning percentages. Keywords: World Baseball Classic, winning percentage
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Shih-YuKuo and 郭時聿. "Differences in Baseball Batting Movement Strategy between Facing a Pitcher and Pitching Machine." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/99495078425274151776.
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碩士國立成功大學
體育健康與休閒研究所
101
Pitching machines are able to offer pitches with both quality and quantity for baseball batting practice. Until now, however, pitching machines still cannot completely simulate a real pitcher’s pitching motion. Whether by rotating a metal arm or squeezing through rubber wheels, none of the pitches generated by pitching machines can provide sufficiently informative cues that batters used to acquire from pitchers before ball release. To understand if a batter would change his strategy of batting movement due to unequal information provided by a pitching machine as opposed to a real pitcher, four professional baseball players in the minor league in Taiwan were recruited. The vertical ground reaction forces of their batting movements were recorded, and all three subjects were analyzed as a single subject. We examined several time instants of events and also some kinetic parameters. It turned out that every subject stepped earlier, shifted weight more slowly with a significant difference during “swing to impact” in facing a pitching machine. The variability of stepping was also raised. However, the other parameters had different characteristics among subjects and needed to be interpreted individually. These results may be attributed to lack of visual clues which could be found in a real pitcher’s whole body kinematics, and resulted in an uncertainty for the batter. Therefore, it was concluded that our participants did change their batting movement strategy in the batting practice with a pitching machine. It has to be noted that it is premature to generalize this conclusion to larger population due to small sample size used in this study.
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Pluta, Anthony III. "Using background EEG to predict baseball batting performance." Thesis, 2017. https://dspace.library.uvic.ca//handle/1828/8477.
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In this thesis, I sought to determine whether frequency bands in the human electroencephalogram could be used to predict baseball batting performance. Past electroencephalographic (EEG) studies have found that alpha power in the human electroencephalogram predicts subsequent performance. Specifically, Mathewson and colleagues (2012) found that background brain activity, in particular, frontal alpha, had a direct correlation with one’s ability to learn a video game. Here, we decided to see if a similar result would hold true for baseball batting performance. We used a portable electroencephalographic (EEG) data collection system to record EEG data prior to batting practice. Participants sat quietly in a room with the portable EEG unit affixed to their head. Participants then stared in silence at a fixation cross in the center of a computer screen for 30 seconds and then counted backwards from 1000 by 7’s for 30 seconds as a masking task while background EEG was recorded. Player’s were then immediately given live batting practice and with performance judged by three different coaches on four different criteria. The four criteria were: batting mechanics, power, contact, and the batter’s ability to recognize good and bad pitches. Post-hoc, a frequency decomposition was performed on each participant’s EEG data to obtain power in all frequency bands. A correlation analysis of EEG power and batting performance showed that beta power and not alpha power predicted the subsequent performance of the batter. Importantly, a high correlation and significance show that predicting a batter’s performance with a portable EEG system, specifically the MUSE Headband, is highly plausible.Graduate
2018-08-09
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張霖家. "Effect of visuo-motor behavior rehearsal on baseball pitching performance." Thesis, 1988. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/19607432454762841595.
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Wen, Tsai Yi, and 蔡意雯. "The Effect of Balance on Baseball Pitching Performance and Kinematics." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/92104476851180888677.
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碩士臺北巿立體育學院
運動器材研究所
96
Good balance performance is important for baseball pitchers in order to achieve an ideal balanced position. The primary aims of this study are to: (a) compared the balance data (one leg stance test, eyes-close and center of pressure displacement), the baseball pitchers’ pitching performance (ball velocity and accuracy), kinematics (stride length, lead knee flexion, foot placement, center of mass displacement, pivot knee joint displacement, pivot ankle joint displacement and temporal data) between a normal situation and using an unbalanced base to interfere with the pitching motion. (b) Investigate the correlation between balance performance and pitchers’ performance, the correlation between pitchers’ performance and kinematics. Twelve healthy male right hand dominant baseball pitchers, from the Taipei Physical Education College baseball team, participated in this study. Ten motion capturing high-speed digitizing cameras, (Motion Analysis Corporation., Santa Rosa, CA) were used to record the three dimension throwing kinematic patterns of pitching. AMTI force plate were use to collected center of pressure data at the same time. Ball velocity was measured when the ball contacted the target net. Using a STALKER sports radar gun. A digital camera (Sony, DCR-TRV40, Japan) was used to record ball contact on the target net. siliconCOACH Pro video analysis software was employed to calculate the distance between ball location and target center. A self-made unbalanced base was used to disrupt pitching movement. COP displacement of wind-up phase, accuracy, stride length, COM displacement of stride phase and time percentage of arm-acceleration phase significantly affected the unbalanced base situation. Finally, there is no significant correlation relationship found in this study. The unbalanced base affected the part of baseball pitchers’ balance performance, pitching performance and kinematics, thus, in order to improve baseball pitcher performance, baseball pitchers could notes these parameters and it will help coaches and players to adjust specific conditions.
Books on the topic "Pitching (Baseball) Performance. Batting (Baseball)"
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Cluck, Bob. How to hit, how to pitch: A complete self-coaching system for winning baseball. Chicago: Contemporary Books, 1995.
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Dixon, Jim. Exceptional player. Shelbyville, TN (1031 Union St., Shelbyville 37160): J. Dixon, 1992.
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Maitland, William J. Young ballplayer's guide to safe pitching: Ages eight through adult, with conditioning and weight training to develop power throwing and batting : program II. Phoenix, Ariz: Maitland Enterprises, 1992.
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Dorfman, H. A. The mental ABC's of pitching: A handbook for performance enhancement. Lanham, Md: Diamond Communications, 2000.
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Ryan, Nolan. Nolan Ryan's pitcher's bible: The ultimate guide to power, precision, and long-term performance. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1991.
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Ryan, Nolan. Nolan Ryan's pitcher's bible: The ultimate guide to power, precision, and long-term performance. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1991.
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Reggie, Jackson, and Wheeler Lonnie, eds. Sixty feet, six inches: A Hall of Fame pitcher & a Hall of Fame hitter talk about how the game is played. New York: Doubleday, 2009.
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Gibson, Bob. Sixty Feet, Six Inches. New York: Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group, 2009.
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Schell, Michael J. Baseball's all-time best sluggers: Adjusted batting performance from strikeouts to home runs. Princeton, N.J: Princeton University Press, 2005.
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The mental keys to hitting: A handbook of strategies for performance enhancement. South Bend, Ind: Diamond Communications, 2001.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Pitching (Baseball) Performance. Batting (Baseball)"
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Baldwin, David, and A. Terry Bahill. "Mechanics of Baseball Pitching and Batting." In Applied Biomedical Engineering Mechanics, 445–88. CRC Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781420020212.ch16.
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"Mechanics of Baseball Pitching and Batting." In Applied Biomedical Engineering Mechanics, 467–510. CRC Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781420020212-20.
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Sakai, Shinobu, and Hitoshi Nakayam. "Optimization and Improvement of Throwing Performance in Baseball Pitching Machine Using Finite Element Analysis." In Finite Element Analysis - Applications in Mechanical Engineering. InTech, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/46159.
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Patel, Roma P., Jerry Lin, and S. Khizer Khaderi. "Beyond Gaming." In Gamification, 1255–63. IGI Global, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-8200-9.ch062.
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The interest around the utilization of video games as a component of rehabilitative therapy has dramatically increased over the past decade. Research efforts have confirmed the positive effects of repetitive gaming in improving visual outcomes; however, there is limited knowledge on the mechanism of action delivered by repetitive gaming. Utilizing knowledge of the visual system, including targeting specific cells in the retina with visual stimuli, the authors captured the training effects of gaming to augment pre-selected skills. Specifically, the authors embedded a homerun derby style baseball game with a contrast threshold test, to stimulate parvocellular retinal ganglion cells. Parvocellular cells are the first line of the ventral, or “what” pathway of visual processing. Repetitive stimulation of the parvocellular system shows promising preliminary results in improving batting performance.
Conference papers on the topic "Pitching (Baseball) Performance. Batting (Baseball)"
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Yang, Nicholas H., Kathleen Allen Rodowicz, and David Dainty. "Baseball Head Impacts to the Non-Helmeted and Helmeted Hydrid III ATD." In ASME 2014 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2014-38648.
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Traumatic brain injury may occur in baseball due to a head impact with a thrown, pitched, or batted ball. It has been shown that the average pitching speed of youth pitchers and high school pitchers is approximately 63 mph (28 m/s) and 74 mph (33 m/s), respectively. At pitching speeds of approximately 52 mph (23 m/s), the bat exit velocity (BEV) for metal bats has been shown to be approximately 100 mph (45 m/s). Head kinematics, such as linear and angular head accelerations, are often used to establish head injury risk for head impacts. With a possible ball impact velocity reaching speeds in excess of those typically tested for baseball headgear, it is necessary to understand how the head will respond to high velocity impacts in both helmeted and non-helmeted situations. In this study, head impacts were delivered to the front and side of a Hybrid III 50th percentile male anthropomorphic test device (ATD) by a baseball traveling at speeds of 60 mph (27 m/s), 75 mph (34 m/s), and 100 mph (45 m/s). Head impacts were performed on the non-helmeted ATD head and with the ATD wearing a standard batting helmet certified in accordance with the NOCSAE standard. The Hybrid III headform was instrumented with a nine accelerometer array to measure linear accelerations of the head and determine angular accelerations. Peak resultant linear head accelerations for the non-helmeted ATD were approximately 200–400 g for frontal impacts and approximately 220–480 g for lateral impacts. Peak resultant angular head accelerations for the non-helmeted condition were approximately 17,000–32,000 rad/s2 for frontal impacts and approximately 30,000–60,000 rad/s2 for lateral impacts. For the helmeted ATD, peak resultant linear accelerations of the head were approximately 70–300 g for frontal impacts and approximately 80–360 g for lateral impacts. Peak resultant angular head accelerations for the helmeted ATD were approximately 5,000–14,000 rad/s2 for frontal impacts and approximately 7,500–30,000 rad/s2 for lateral impacts. HIC values for the non-helmeted ATD were approximately 193–1,025 for frontal impacts and approximately 241–1,588 for lateral impacts. SI values for the non-helmeted ATD were approximately 235–1,267 for frontal impacts and approximately 285–1,844 for lateral impacts. HIC values for the helmeted ATD were approximately 16–415 for frontal impacts and approximately 23–585 for lateral impacts. SI values for the helmeted ATD were approximately 25–521 for frontal impacts and approximately 32–708 for lateral impacts. In comparison to the non-helmeted condition, the results demonstrate the effectiveness of a batting helmet in mitigating head accelerations for the frontal and lateral impact conditions tested.
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Wang, Hongsheng, Koco Eaton, and Nigel Zheng. "Shoulder Rotation Laxity is Related to Pitching Mechanics." In ASME 2011 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2011-53307.
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According to the 2002 Major League Baseball Disability Analysis, almost 70% of players on the disabled list are pitchers and throwing arm related injuries account for 53% of all disabled list placements. To reach a high ball speed, pitchers cock, or excessively externally rotate their pitching arm to or near an extreme ROM of 180° [1]. The shoulder is then immediately internally rotated to an astonishing 7000°/s after the leading foot contact. The excessive external rotation ROM and astonishing internal rotation velocity are thought to contribute to injury [2]. Repeated exposure to the excessive ROM and large shoulder loads may cause excessive laxity to the anterior shoulder and/or damage the soft tissue [2]. This can lead to shoulder instability and excessive humeral head translation that may cause impingement [3]. Therefore, the mobility and stability of the thrower’s shoulder are extremely relevant to performance and injury prevention.