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Journal articles on the topic 'Placenta and rats'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 6 February 2022

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1

Martínez, N., E. Capobianco, V. White, M. C. Pustovrh, R. Higa та A. Jawerbaum. "Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α activation regulates lipid metabolism in the feto-placental unit from diabetic rats". REPRODUCTION 136, № 1 (2008): 95–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/rep-08-0028.

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Maternal diabetes promotes an overaccumulation of lipids in the feto-placental unit and impairs feto-placental development and growth. Here, we investigated the role played by the nuclear receptor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)α in lipid metabolism in fetuses and placentas from control and neonatal streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Placentas and fetuses were studied on day 13.5 of gestation. The concentrations of PPARα (by Western blot) and its endogenous agonist leukotriene B4 (LTB4) (by enzyme immunoassay) were analysed. Placental explants and fetuses were cultured wit

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2

Reyes-Hernández, Cynthia, David Ramiro-Cortijo, Pilar Rodríguez-Rodríguez, et al. "Effects of Arachidonic and Docosohexahenoic Acid Supplementation during Gestation in Rats. Implication of Placental Oxidative Stress." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 19, no. 12 (2018): 3863. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms19123863.

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Arachidonic and docosahexaenoic acids (ARA and DHA) are important during pregnancy. However, the effects of dietary supplementation on fetal growth and oxidative stress are inconclusive. We aimed to assess the effect of high ARA and DHA diet during rat gestation on: (1) ARA and DHA availability in plasma and placenta, (2) fetal growth, and (3) placental oxidative stress, analyzing the influence of sex. Experimental diet (ED) was prepared by substituting soybean oil in the control diet (CD) by a fungi/algae-based oil containing ARA and DHA (2:1). Rats were fed with CD or ED during gestation; pl

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3

Dehghani, Leila, Hedayat Sahraei, Rokhsareh Meamar, and Masoomeh Kazemi. "Time-Dependent Effect of Oral Morphine Consumption on the Development of Cytotrophoblast and Syncytiotrophoblast Cells of the Placental Layers during the Three Different Periods of Pregnancy in Wistar Rats." Clinical and Developmental Immunology 2013 (2013): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/974205.

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Previous studies have shown that morphine abuse during pregnancy cancause a delay in the development of the placenta and embryo and also bring about birth defects. The present study investigates the effect of the duration of maternal morphine consumption during pregnancy, as well as the impacts of morphine abuse on the development of placental layers during the three different periods of pregnancy in Wistar rats.Materials and Methodology. Female Wistar rats have been used in the present study. Experimental groups received morphine (0.05 mg/mL of drinking water) after one night of coupling with

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4

Pustovrh, M. C., A. Jawerbaum, V. White, et al. "The role of nitric oxide on matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2) and MMP9 in placenta and fetus from diabetic rats." Reproduction 134, no. 4 (2007): 605–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/rep-06-0267.

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Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) play an important role in tissue remodeling that accompanies the rapid growth, differentiation, and structural changes of the placenta and several fetal organs. In the present study, we investigated whether the diabetic maternal environment may alter the regulatory homeostasis exerted by nitric oxide (NO) on MMPs activity in the feto-placental unit from rats at midgestation. We found that NADPH-diaphorase activity, which reflects the distribution and activity of NO synthases (NOS), was increased in both placenta and fetuses from diabetic rats when compared with

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5

El-din, Eman Y. Salah, and Amel R. Omar. "EFFECT OF PRENATAL ADMINISTRATION OF THERAPEUTIC DOSE OF TOPIRAMATE ON PLACENTAE ALBINO RATS' FETUSES." International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences 9, no. 3 (2017): 54. http://dx.doi.org/10.22159/ijpps.2017v9i3.16208.

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Objective: Topiramate is an antiepileptic drug (AED) used for the treatment of partial seizure in adult and children epileptic patients. It passed through the placenta causing a birth defect. However, little literature focused on placental alteration due to the administration of topiramate during pregnancy. So, applying different predictive parameters; placental weight, histopathological (Haematoxylin and Eosin), histochemical (periodic acid Schiff’s) and immunohistochemistry (Caspase-3).Methods: Topiramate was orally administrated to the pregnant rats with dose 100 mg/kg rats from 5th to 19th

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6

Achur, Rajeshwara N., Sean T. Agbor-Enoh, and D. Channe Gowda. "Rat Spongiotrophoblast-specific Protein Is Predominantly a Unique Low Sulfated Chondroitin Sulfate Proteoglycan." Journal of Biological Chemistry 281, no. 43 (2006): 32327–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.m605841200.

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We have previously demonstrated that the human placenta contains a uniquely low sulfated extracellular aggrecan family chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan (CSPG). This CSPG is a major receptor for the adherence of Plasmodium falciparum-infected red blood cells (IRBCs) in placentas, causing pregnancy-specific malaria. However, it is not known whether such low sulfated CSPGs occur in placentas of other animals and, if so, whether IRBCs bind to those CSPGs. In this study, we show that rat placenta contains a uniquely low sulfated extracellular CSPG bearing chondroitin sulfate (CS) chains, which comp

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7

Thomas, Chris R., Beryl B. Oon, and Clara Lowy. "Placental Transfer of Lactate, Glucose and 2-deoxyglucose in Control and Diabetic Wistar Rats." International Journal of Experimental Diabetes Research 2, no. 2 (2001): 113–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/edr.2001.113.

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Placental transfer of lactate, glucose and 2-deoxyglucose was examined employing thein situperfused placenta. Control and streptozotocin induced diabetic Wistar rats were infused with U-14C]-glucose and [3H]-2-deoxyglucose (2DG). The fetal side of the placenta was perfuseci with a cell free medium and glucose uptake was calculated in the adjacent fetuses. Despite the 5-fold higher maternal plasma glucose concentration in the diabetic dams the calculated fetal glucose metabolic index was not significantly different between the 2 groups. Placental blood flow was reduced in the diabetic animals c

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8

Capobianco, E., A. Jawerbaum, M. C. Romanini та ін. "15-Deoxy-Δ12,14-prostaglandin J2 and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) levels in term placental tissues from control and diabetic rats: modulatory effects of a PPARγ agonist on nitridergic and lipid placental metabolism". Reproduction, Fertility and Development 17, № 4 (2005): 423. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rd04067.

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15-Deoxy-Δ12,14-prostaglandin J2 (15dPGJ2) is a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) ligand that regulates lipid homeostasis and has anti-inflammatory properties in many cell types. We postulated that 15dPGJ2 may regulate lipid homeostasis and nitric oxide (NO) levels in term placental tissues and that alterations in these pathways may be involved in diabetes-induced placental derangements. In the present study, we observed that, in term placental tissues from streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats, 15dPGJ2 concentrations were decreased (83%) and immunostaining for nitrotyrosine,

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9

Prokopyuk, V., O. Chub, M. Shevchenko, and O. Prokopyuk. "Placental stem cells, organotypic culture and human placenta extract have neuroprotective activity in vitro." Cell and Organ Transplantology 5, no. 1 (2017): 39–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.22494/cot.v5i1.67.

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According to WHO, 6.7 million people die from stroke every year. The search for new neuroprotective substances remains an urgent task.The purpose of this study was to investigate the neuroprotective activity of factors of placental origin.Materials and methods. Neuroprotective activity of media conditioned with cryopreserved placenta derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), organotypic culture of placenta and placental extract was studied on in vitro models of glutamate excitotoxicity in rats` neural cells. Neural cells were cultured with placental factors without glutamate treatment, before and

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10

Mayeur, Sylvain, Steve Lancel, Nicolas Theys, et al. "Maternal calorie restriction modulates placental mitochondrial biogenesis and bioenergetic efficiency: putative involvement in fetoplacental growth defects in rats." American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism 304, no. 1 (2013): E14—E22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.00332.2012.

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Low birth weight is associated with an increased risk for developing type 2 diabetes and metabolic diseases. The placental capacity to supply nutrients and oxygen to the fetus represents the main determiner of fetal growth. However, few studies have investigated the effects of maternal diet on the placenta. We explored placental adaptive proteomic processes implicated in response to maternal undernutrition. Rat term placentas from 70% food-restricted (FR30) mothers were used for a proteomic screen. Placental mitochondrial functions were evaluated using molecular and functional approaches, and

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11

Draycott, Sally A. V., Zoe Daniel, Raheela Khan, Beverly S. Muhlhausler, Matthew J. Elmes, and Simon C. Langley-Evans. "Expression of cholesterol packaging and transport genes in human and rat placenta: impact of obesity and a high-fat diet." Journal of Developmental Origins of Health and Disease 11, no. 3 (2019): 222–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s2040174419000606.

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AbstractEvidence suggests that sub-optimal maternal nutrition has implications for the developing offspring. We have previously shown that exposure to a low-protein diet during gestation was associated with upregulation of genes associated with cholesterol transport and packaging within the placenta. This study aimed to elucidate the effect of altering maternal dietary linoleic acid (LA; omega-6) to alpha-linolenic acid (ALA; omega-6) ratios as well as total fat content on placental expression of genes associated with cholesterol transport. The potential for maternal body mass index (BMI) to b

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12

Zhao, Fusheng, Fang Lei, Xiang Yan, Senfeng Zhang, Wen Wang, and Yu Zheng. "Protective Effects of Hydrogen Sulfide Against Cigarette Smoke Exposure-Induced Placental Oxidative Damage by Alleviating Redox Imbalance via Nrf2 Pathway in Rats." Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry 48, no. 5 (2018): 1815–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000492504.

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Background/Aims: Cigarette smoke exposure (CSE) during pregnancy is a well-recognized health hazard that causes placental damage. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) has been reported to protect multiple organs from injury. However, the protective effects of H2S have not been tested in the placenta. This study aimed to explore the potential of H2S in protecting placenta against oxidative injury induced by CSE during pregnancy and the possible underlying mechanisms. Methods: Pregnant SD rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: NaCl, NaHS (a donor of H2S), CSE and CSE+NaHS. Placental oxidative damage was de

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13

Corrêa, Isis Paloppi, Rodrigo Ruano, Nilton Hideto Takiuti, Rossana Pulcinelli Vieira Francisco, Estela Bevilacqua, and Marcelo Zugaib. "Expression of angiogenic factors in placenta of stressed rats." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 24, no. 6 (2012): 851. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rd11202.

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The aim of the present study was to analyse the influence of stress on pregnant rats, particularly in terms of maternal, placental and fetal weight, placental morphology and placental gene expression of the angiogenic factors Vegfa and Pgf and their receptors. The parameters were evaluated on gestation Day 20. Maternal, fetal and placental weights were statistically lower in stressed animals than controls, suggesting abnormalities in gestational physiology. Morphologically the placentas of rats subjected to stress were reduced in size and weight, with few glycogen cells and a significant incre

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14

Kusumawardani, Banun, Yuliana MD Arina, and Azham Purwandhono. "Regulation of caspase-3 expression to maintain fetal growth in Porphyromonas gingivalis-infected pregnant rats." Journal of Dentomaxillofacial Science 1, no. 1 (2016): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.15562/jdmfs.v1i1.16.

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Periodontal disease has been involved in a variety of systemic disorders and suspected as a potential risk factor for fetal growth restriction. Periodontal pathogenic bacteria may actively regulate embryonic development, implantation and placental trophoblast cell invasion. This study aimed to analyze the role of TNF-α, IL-10 and caspase-3 to maintain fetal growth in Porphyromonasgingivalis-infected pregnant rats. Female rats were infected with live-Porphyromonas gingivalis at concentration of 2x109 cells/ml into subgingival sulcus area of the maxillary first molar before and during pregnancy.

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15

Gibbens, Jacob, Shauna-Kay Spencer, Lucia Solis, et al. "Fas ligand neutralization attenuates hypertension, endothelin-1, and placental inflammation in an animal model of HELLP syndrome." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 319, no. 2 (2020): R195—R202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.00272.2019.

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Neutralization of FasL is linked to suppression of hypertension, placental inflammation, and endothelin system activation in an animal model of hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, low platelets (HELLP) syndrome. During HELLP syndrome the placenta has been reported to serve as the primary source of Fas ligand (FasL), which has an impact on inflammation and hypertension during pregnancy and is dysregulated in women with severe preeclampsia and HELLP syndrome. We hypothesize that neutralization of FasL during pregnancy in an animal model of HELLP syndrome decreases inflammation and placental apopt

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16

Silva, Juneo F., Paula N. Vidigal, Daniele D. Galvão, et al. "Fetal growth restriction in hypothyroidism is associated with changes in proliferative activity, apoptosis and vascularisation of the placenta." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 24, no. 7 (2012): 923. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rd11219.

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The objective of this study was to evaluate fetal weight, histomorphometric changes and proliferative activity, apoptosis and angiogenesis of the placenta in rats with hypothyroidism. Thirty-six adult female rats were divided into two groups with 18 animals each: control and hypothyroidism. Hypothyroidism was induced by daily administration of propylthiouracil (1 mg/animal). The administration began five days before becoming pregnant and the animals were sacrificed at 14 or 19 days of gestation. The control group received a placebo. The number and weight of fetuses and the rate of fetal death

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17

Nascimento, Regina A., Jose S. Possomato-Vieira, Giselle F. Bonacio, Elen Rizzi, and Carlos A. Dias-Junior. "Reductions of Circulating Nitric Oxide are Followed by Hypertension during Pregnancy and Increased Activity of Matrix Metalloproteinases-2 and -9 in Rats." Cells 8, no. 11 (2019): 1402. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells8111402.

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Hypertensive pregnancy has been associated with reduced nitric oxide (NO), bioavailability, and increased activity of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). However, it is unclear if MMPs activation is regulated by NO during pregnancy. To this end, we examined activity of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in plasma, placenta, uterus and aorta, NO bioavailability, oxidative stress, systolic blood pressure (SBP), and fetal-placental development at the early, middle, and late pregnancy stages in normotensive and Nω-Nitro-L-arginine methyl-ester (L-NAME)-induced hypertensive pregnancy in rats. Reduced MMP-2 activity in

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18

Shaw, A. J., M. Z. Mughal, M. J. Maresh, and C. P. Sibley. "Sodium-dependent magnesium transport across in situ perfused rat placenta." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 261, no. 2 (1991): R369—R372. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.1991.261.2.r369.

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Placentas of anesthetized rats were perfused in situ on the fetal side to study mechanisms of Mg2+ transport. The perfusate was a Mg(2+)-free Krebs-Ringer, and the unidirectional transfer of Mg2+ from maternal plasma to this Ringer was compared with that of 45Ca and 51Cr-EDTA, the latter being employed as a paracellular diffusional marker. Placental perfusion with amiloride (0.5 mM) or ouabain (1 mM) both rapidly (4 min) reduced maternal-fetal clearance (Kmf) for Mg2+ but had no effect on Kmf for 45Ca. In contrast, perfusion of the carbonic anhydrase inhibitor acetazolamide (1 mM) did not affe

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Macias, Rocio I. R., Sonia Matilla, Elisa Lozano, Maria C. Estiú, Ronald P. Oude Elferink, and Jose J. G. Marin. "Role of the placenta in serum autotaxin elevation during maternal cholestasis." American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology 315, no. 3 (2018): G399—G407. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.00112.2018.

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Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) is frequently accompanied by pruritus, whose etiology has been associated with an enhanced production of lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) by the combined action of phospholipase A1/A2 (PLA1/PLA2) and autotaxin (ATX). Here, we have investigated whether the placenta is involved in LPA release to maternal circulation during ICP. Serum levels of ATX and LPA (determined by ELISA) were elevated in women with ICP, and a correlation between both parameters was found. No relationship between serum levels of ATX or LPA and bile acids was found. Expression levels of

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20

Waddell, B. J., and P. J. Burton. "Release of bioactive ACTH by perifused human placenta at early and late gestation." Journal of Endocrinology 136, no. 2 (1993): 345–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1677/joe.0.1360345.

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ABSTRACT This study assessed whether bioactive ACTH is released by the human placenta during perifusion in vitro at early and late gestation. Human placental villous fragments from early (8–12 weeks) and late (38–40 weeks) gestation were perifused at a constant rate for 6·5 h. To assess ACTH-like bioactivity released by this tissue, the perifusion effluent was redirected through adjacent chambers containing freshly dispersed adrenocortical cells obtained from adult rats. Baseline secretion of corticosterone by these adrenocortical cells averaged 95±26 (s.e.m.) fmol/min, and this increased at l

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21

Geng, Xiao-li, Ya-xuan Zhang, and Qi-zhi Ren. "Effects of intrauterine infection in different periods on the placenta and endometrial blood vessel formation of pregnant mice and the growth and development of fetal rats." Discussion of Clinical Cases 8, no. 2 (2021): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/dcc.v8n2p18.

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Objective: To investigate the effects of intrauterine infection in different periods on the placenta and endometrial blood vessel formation of pregnant rats and the growth and development of fetal rats.Methods: According to the random number table method, 32 pregnant rats were divided into the early infection group, the mid-term infection group, the late infection group and the control group, with 8 rats in each group. On the 3rd, 9th and 15th day of pregnancy, lipopolysaccharide was injected intraperitoneally to construct intrauterine infection models. The pregnant rats in the control group w

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Turgut, Sebahat, Yaşar Enli, Gülten Emmungil, et al. "Influence of cadmium and copper on tissue element levels of pregnant rats." Open Medicine 2, no. 4 (2007): 447–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/s11536-007-0047-x.

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AbstractIn the current study, we examined the effects of Cd on Cd, Cu, Zn and Fe levels in placenta and maternal and fetal plasma and tissues, the placental weight, total fetal and maternal body weights, and fetal and maternal tissue weights during pregnancy. A total of 21 adult female rats were treated during gestation with drinking water containing one of the following: 70 mg/L of CdCl2, a combination of 70 mg/L of CdCl2 and 70 mg/L of CuSO4, or no addition (control). Placenta Cu and Fe levels, fetal liver and kidney Cu levels, and fetal liver tissue weights were lower in the group administe

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23

Raso, Giuseppina Mattace, Giuseppe Bianco, Anna Iacono, et al. "Maternal adaptations to pregnancy in spontaneously hypertensive rats: leptin and ghrelin evaluation." Journal of Endocrinology 194, no. 3 (2007): 611–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1677/joe-07-0159.

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Leptin and/or ghrelin, initially thought to be considered messengers of energy metabolism, are now considered to play a role in normal and complicated pregnancy. In this study, pregnant, spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) have been used to evaluate, for the first time, the modification of leptin and ghrelin both at serum and tissue levels. In SHR, we evaluate plasma leptin level and tissue protein expression in both placenta and adipose tissue at the end of gestation (day 20) versus normotensive Wistar–Kyoto (WKY) animals. The expression of functional leptin receptor (Ob-Rb) in peripheral t

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Li, Wei, Ning Cui, Marc Q. Mazzuca, Karina M. Mata та Raouf A. Khalil. "Increased vascular and uteroplacental matrix metalloproteinase-1 and -7 levels and collagen type I deposition in hypertension in pregnancy: role of TNF-α". American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 313, № 3 (2017): H491—H507. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.00207.2017.

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Preeclampsia is a pregnancy-related disorder manifested as maternal hypertension in pregnancy (HTN-Preg) and fetal growth restriction. Placental ischemia could be an initiating event that leads to abnormal vascular and uteroplacental remodeling in HTN-Preg; however, the molecular targets and intermediary mechanisms involved are unclear. We tested the hypothesis that placental ischemia could target vascular and uteroplacental matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) through an inflammatory cytokine-mediated mechanism. MMP levels and distribution were measured in the aorta, uterus, and placenta of norma

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Kusumawardani, Banun, Yuliana MD Arina, and Azham Purwandhono. "Regulation of caspase-3 expression to maintain fetal growth in Porphyromonas gingivalis-infected pregnant rats." Journal of Dentomaxillofacial Science 1, no. 1 (2016): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.22208/jdmfs.1.1.2016.1-6.

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<p>Periodontal disease has been involved in a variety of systemic disorders and suspected as a potential risk factor for fetal growth restriction. Periodontal pathogenic bacteria may actively regulate embryonic development, implantation and placental trophoblast cell invasion. This study aimed to analyze the role of TNF-α, IL-10 and caspase-3 to maintain fetal growth in <em>Porphyromonas</em><em> gingivalis</em>-infected pregnant rats. Female rats were infected with live-<em>Porphyromonas gingivalis</em> at concentration of 2x10<sup>9</sup>

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Ruis, Matthew T., Kylie D. Rock, Samantha M. Hall, Brian Horman, Heather B. Patisaul, and Heather M. Stapleton. "PBDEs Concentrate in the Fetal Portion of the Placenta: Implications for Thyroid Hormone Dysregulation." Endocrinology 160, no. 11 (2019): 2748–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/en.2019-00463.

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Abstract During pregnancy, the supply of thyroid hormone (TH) to the fetus is critically important for fetal growth, neural development, metabolism, and maintenance of pregnancy. Additionally, in cases where maternal and placental TH regulation is significantly altered, there is an increased risk of several adverse pregnancy outcomes. It is unclear what may be disrupting placental TH regulation; however, studies suggest that environmental contaminants, such as polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), could be playing a role. In this study, Wistar rats were gestationally exposed to a mixture of

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Rudge, Marilza Vieira Cunha, Christiane Maria Moreira Gomes, Iracema de Mattos Paranhos Calderon, et al. "Study of the evolution of the placenta and fetal pancreas in the pathophysiology of growth retardation intrauterine due to restricted maternal diet." Sao Paulo Medical Journal 117, no. 2 (1999): 49–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1516-31801999000200002.

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CONTEXT: Intrauterine growth retard (IUGR) continues to be a significant perinatology problem at the end of this century. The nature of the etiologic agent, the time when the attack occurred during pregnancy and its duration affect the type of IUGR. OBJECTIVE: To study the evolution of fetal pancreas and placenta between the 18th and 21st day of pregnancy in rats submitted to maternal protein-calorie restriction. DESIGN: Randomized controlled trial on laboratory animal. SAMPLE: Forty-one normoglycemic pregnant Wistar rats. INTERVENTION: Rats were divided into six experimental groups according

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Kudina, Olesya Viktorovna. "Experimental investigation of the lipin gravidoprotective action in the model of placental disfunction caused by oxidative stress." Reviews on Clinical Pharmacology and Drug Therapy 12, no. 2 (2014): 59–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/rcf12259-64.

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In the model of placental insufficiency caused by tetrachlormethane during organogenesis in rats, a pronounced effect of the gravidoprotective drug lipin was found assessed in their ability to prevent intrauterine growth retardation of rats and to normalize the morphological changes in the liver, kidney and placenta of pregnant rats. The drug lipin exceeds the reference drug essentiale on the sum of these indicators.

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Sanikidze, Tamar V., Levan A. Cheishvili, Nana V. Kipiani, et al. "Role of the Nitric Oxide (NO) in the Regulation of Steroidogenesis in Placenta During Physiological Pregnancy and Preeclampsia (Experimental Study)." Current Topics in Biophysics 42, no. 1 (2019): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ctb-2019-0003.

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AbstractThe aim of the study was to establish the role of nitric oxide (NO) in the regulation of steroidogenesis in the placenta during physiological pregnancy and experimental preeclampsia (PE) in rats. EPR centers of the placenta, free NO and its metabolites were determined by the Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) method. At the last stage of pregnancy in the EPR spectra of the rats’ placenta with PE alterations of the signals intensity of mitochondrial steroidogenic electron transport proteins were detected: the FeS-centers of adrenodoxin decreased, the ferricytochrome P-450 increased,

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SIMPSON, GREGORY I. C., LESLIE C. SHARKEY, and JOHN FRAY. "ALTERED ABUNDANCE OF MESSENGER RNA TRANSCRIPTS WHOSE PRODUCTS HAVE MEMBRANE ATTACHMENT SITES IN PREGNANCY-INDUCED HYPERTENSION." Journal of Biological Systems 10, no. 04 (2002): 447–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021833900200069x.

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Pregnancy-induced hypertensive disorders (PIH) are leading causes of maternal mortality. Although the mechanism responsible for initiating and maintaining the disorder is unproven, physiologic molecular attachments in kidney and placenta play a role. The SHHF/Mcc-facp (SHHF) rat has features of the disorder, including abnormal placenta gene expression. To gain a molecular understanding of the gene expression profile associated with PIH, kidneys and placentas of SHHF rats at gestation day 20 were compared to WKY controls using microarray technology. We report that SHHF rats have spontaneous PIH

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González-García, B., ME Olave, E. Ramos-Martínez, C. González-Horta, M. Levario-Carrillo, and B. Sánchez-Ramírez. "Decrease of muscarinic cholinergic receptors expression in placenta from rats exposed to methyl parathion." Human & Experimental Toxicology 27, no. 3 (2008): 241–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0960327108091863.

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Placental transfer of methyl parathion (MP), an organophosphate pesticide, could involve effects on cholinergic system. To analyze whether placental cholinergic system is altered by prenatal exposure to MP, expression of muscarinic cholinergic receptors (M1 and M2 subtypes; mAChR) was determined in pregnant rats exposed to MP at 0.0, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 mg/kg. An immunohistochemical analysis for M1 and M2 mAChR was performed, and the density of the mAChR signal was measured by image analysis. M1 and M2 mAChR were found in the trophoblast present in the labyrinth, with an 18% predominance of M2 o

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Yang, H., and E. B. Jeung. "99 THE DIFFERENTIAL EXPRESSION OF CALCIUM-RELATED PROTEINS BY HYPOXIC STRESS IN THE DUODENUM, KIDNEY, AND PLACENTA OF PREGNANT RATS." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 25, no. 1 (2013): 197. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rdv25n1ab99.

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Preeclampsia is a pregnancy-specific disease characterized by the de novo development of concurrent hypertension, proteinuria, and oxidative stress in placenta. Hypoxia occurs during the development of placenta in the first trimester and is implicated in trophoblast differentiation. Oxidative stress, resulting from deficient remodeling of spiral arteries, is an important inducer of preeclampsia. The potassium-dependent sodium/calcium exchangers including NCKX3 and NCX1 play critical roles in the transport of intracellular calcium that is exchanged with extracellular sodium ions. Calcium-relate

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Lee, B. M., G. S. Lee, and E. B. Jeung. "117 THE REGULATOR OF THE UTERINE TRPV6 GENE DURING PREGNANCY IN RODENTS." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 20, no. 1 (2008): 138. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rdv20n1ab117.

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Transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily V, member 6 (TRPV6) is an epithelial Ca2+ channel protein expressed in calcium-absorbing organs. Recently it was reported that TRPV6 is expressed in female reproductive organs. The present study was performed to investigate the expression and regulation of uterine and placental TRPV6 during gestation in rats. In the uterus, TRPV6 was moderately expressed at pregnancy day (P) 0 and decreased until P4. Its expression level then peaked at P5, implying that TRPV6 may be involved in embryo implantation. Around P13, uterine TRPV6 expression incr

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Strakovsky, Rita S., Dan Zhou, and Yuan-Xiang Pan. "A Low-Protein Diet during Gestation in Rats Activates the Placental Mammalian Amino Acid Response Pathway and Programs the Growth Capacity of Offspring." Journal of Nutrition 140, no. 12 (2010): 2116–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3945/jn.110.127803.

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Abstract Placental efficiency is a predictor of fetal growth and development, which is also controlled by maternal gestational health and diet. The present study investigated the effects of a gestational low-protein diet on offspring growth capacity as well as the diet's contribution to altered expression of placental genes associated with the mammalian amino acid response (AAR) pathway. To assess these outcomes, timed-pregnant Sprague Dawley rats were fed a control (C) diet with 18% protein or a low-protein (LP) diet with 9% protein throughout gestation (Expt. 1) or throughout gestation and l

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Koehn, Liam M., Yifan Huang, Mark D. Habgood, et al. "Effects of paracetamol (acetaminophen) on gene expression and permeability properties of the rat placenta and fetal brain." F1000Research 9 (June 8, 2020): 573. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.24119.1.

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Background: Paracetamol (acetaminophen) is widely used in pregnancy and generally regarded as “safe” by regulatory authorities. Methods: Clinically relevant doses of paracetamol were administered intraperitoneally to pregnant rats twice daily from embryonic day E15 to 19 (chronic) or as a single dose at E19 (acute). Control samples were from un-treated age-matched animals. At E19, rats were anaesthetised, administered a final paracetamol dose, uteruses were opened and fetuses exposed for sample collection. For RNA sequencing, placentas and fetal brains were removed and flash frozen. Fetal and

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Koehn, Liam M., Yifan Huang, Mark D. Habgood, et al. "Effects of paracetamol (acetaminophen) on gene expression and permeability properties of the rat placenta and fetal brain." F1000Research 9 (August 19, 2020): 573. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.24119.2.

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Background: Paracetamol (acetaminophen) is widely used in pregnancy and generally regarded as “safe” by regulatory authorities. Methods: Clinically relevant doses of paracetamol were administered intraperitoneally to pregnant rats twice daily from embryonic day E15 to 19 (chronic) or as a single dose at E19 (acute). Control samples were from un-treated age-matched animals. At E19, rats were anaesthetised, administered a final paracetamol dose, uteruses were opened and fetuses exposed for sample collection. For RNA sequencing, placentas and fetal brains were removed and flash frozen. Fetal and

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Gilbert, Jeffrey S., Christopher T. Banek, Ashley J. Bauer, Anne Gingery, and Hans C. Dreyer. "Placental and vascular adaptations to exercise training before and during pregnancy in the rat." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 303, no. 5 (2012): R520—R526. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.00253.2012.

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Although exercise during pregnancy is generally recommended and thought to be beneficial to mother and fetus, the nature of the adaptations to exercise during pregnancy and how they may be beneficial remain poorly understood. Recent studies suggest that exercise may stimulate expression of several cytoprotective and pro-angiogenic molecules such as heat shock proteins (HSP) and vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGF). We hypothesized that exercise training during pregnancy improves angiogenic balance, increases HSP expression, and improves endothelial function. Female rats were given access

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Waddell, B. J. "056. EUTHERIAN MAMMALS DO IT DIFFERENTLY: PLACENTAL ENDOCRINE STRATEGIES FOR THE MAINTENANCE OF PREGNANCY IN RODENTS AND PRIMATES." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 22, no. 9 (2010): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/srb10abs056.

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The placenta of rats and humans share important anatomical similarities, each with a chorio-allantoic, single discoid, haemochorial structure that facilitates highly efficient nutrient transport. Importantly, however, these similarities reflect convergent evolution and conceal markedly different developmental trajectories and endocrine functions. Placental endocrine signals are essential to drive maternal adaptations that facilitate fetal development and ultimately successful birth. Central to these adaptations is a sustained increase in production of the sex steroids progesterone and oestroge

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Rock, Kylie D., Genevieve St Armour, Brian Horman, et al. "Effects of Prenatal Exposure to a Mixture of Organophosphate Flame Retardants on Placental Gene Expression and Serotonergic Innervation in the Fetal Rat Brain." Toxicological Sciences 176, no. 1 (2020): 203–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/toxsci/kfaa046.

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Abstract There is a growing need to understand the potential neurotoxicity of organophosphate flame retardants (OPFRs) and plasticizers because use and, consequently, human exposure, is rapidly expanding. We have previously shown in rats that developmental exposure to the commercial flame retardant mixture Firemaster 550 (FM 550), which contains OPFRs, results in sex-specific behavioral effects, and identified the placenta as a potential target of toxicity. The placenta is a critical coordinator of fetal growth and neurodevelopment, and a source of neurotransmitters for the developing brain. W

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Awobajo, Funmileyi O., Ayodele O. Morakinyo, Titilola A. Samuel, et al. "Dynamics of inflammatory reaction and oxidative stress across maternal serum, placenta and amniotic fluid in laboratory rats and the role played by genistein aglycone." Journal of Basic and Clinical Physiology and Pharmacology 30, no. 1 (2018): 37–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jbcpp-2018-0070.

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Abstract Background Genistein was reported to adversely influence fetal development although this is yet to be fully understood as a mechanism. Methods In this study, pregnant rats were divided into control (Cont.) and genistein force-fed (2-mg/kg and 4-mg/kg) groups. Each group was divided further into five subgroups: GD-0, GD-6, GD-13, GD-18, and GD-20 based on the terminal gestational day (GD). On the respective terminal GD, the rats were sacrificed and blood samples and amniotic fluid were carefully collected and separated and placenta homogenates were prepared. These samples were evaluate

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Zhang, KeKe, Min Hu, Lin Zhang, Qiong Zhang, and Yinping Huang. "The Effect of BML-111 in Preeclampsia Rat Model Induced by the Low Dose of Cadmium Chloride." American Journal of Perinatology Reports 09, no. 03 (2019): e201-e208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1693016.

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Aim This article determines the optimal time and dose of cadmium chloride (CdCl2) injected to pregnant rat to establish experimental preeclampsia (PE) model. In addition, the therapeutic potential of BML-111, a lipoxin A4 analogue, in the CdCl2-induced PE model was also evaluated. Methods Peritoneal injection of two dose of CdCl2 for successive 6 days was tested in the pregnant rats starting from various gestational days (GDs). During this process, the systolic blood pressure and the body weight of pregnant rats and neonatal rats were monitored. The pathological changes of the placenta and kid

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Rock, Kylie D., Brian Horman, Allison L. Phillips, et al. "EDC IMPACT: Molecular effects of developmental FM 550 exposure in Wistar rat placenta and fetal forebrain." Endocrine Connections 7, no. 2 (2018): 305–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/ec-17-0373.

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Firemaster 550 (FM 550) is a flame retardant (FR) mixture that has become one of the most commonly used FRs in foam-based furniture and baby products. Human exposure to this commercial mixture, composed of brominated and organophosphate components, is widespread. We have repeatedly shown that developmental exposure can lead to sex-specific behavioral effects in rats. Accruing evidence of endocrine disruption and potential neurotoxicity has raised concerns regarding the neurodevelopmental effects of FM 550 exposure, but the specific mechanisms of action remains unclear. Additionally, we observe

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Zhang, Yuehui, Min Hu, Wenyan Jia, et al. "Hyperandrogenism and insulin resistance modulate gravid uterine and placental ferroptosis in PCOS-like rats." Journal of Endocrinology 246, no. 3 (2020): 247–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/joe-20-0155.

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Women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) have hyperandrogenism and insulin resistance and a high risk of miscarriage during pregnancy. Similarly, in rats, maternal exposure to 5α-dihydrotestosterone (DHT) and insulin from gestational day 7.5 to 13.5 leads to hyperandrogenism and insulin resistance and subsequently increased fetal loss. A variety of hormonal and metabolic stimuli are able to trigger different types of regulated cell death under physiological and pathological conditions. These include ferroptosis, apoptosis and necroptosis. We hypothesized that, in rats, maternal hyperandroge

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Chae, H. J., K. H. Choi, S. W. Chae, et al. "Placenta Hominis Protects Osteoporosis in Ovariectomized Rats." Immunopharmacology and Immunotoxicology 28, no. 1 (2006): 165–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08923970600626197.

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KRISTAL, M., A. THOMPSON, and H. GRISHKAT. "Placenta ingestion enhances opiate analgesia in rats." Physiology & Behavior 35, no. 4 (1985): 481–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0031-9384(85)90127-1.

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Mishra, Jay S., Chellakkan S. Blesson, and Sathish Kumar. "Testosterone Decreases Placental Mitochondrial Content and Cellular Bioenergetics." Biology 9, no. 7 (2020): 176. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biology9070176.

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Placental mitochondrial dysfunction plays a central role in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia. Since preeclampsia is a hyperandrogenic state, we hypothesized that elevated maternal testosterone levels induce damage to placental mitochondria and decrease bioenergetic profiles. To test this hypothesis, pregnant Sprague–Dawley rats were injected with vehicle or testosterone propionate (0.5 mg/kg/day) from gestation day (GD) 15 to 19. On GD20, the placentas were isolated to assess mitochondrial structure, copy number, ATP/ADP ratio, and biogenesis (Pgc-1α and Nrf1). In addition, in vitro cultures o

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Mazzucco, M. B., R. Higa, E. Capobianco, M. Kurtz, A. Jawerbaum, and V. White. "Saturated fat-rich diet increases fetal lipids and modulates LPL and leptin receptor expression in rat placentas." Journal of Endocrinology 217, no. 3 (2013): 303–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/joe-13-0021.

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Metabolic alterations in obese and overweight mothers impact the placenta and the fetus, leading to anomalies in fetal growth and lipid accretion. The primary aim of the study was to examine the effect of a saturated fat-rich diet (FD) on growth, lipid accretion, and lipases, leptin and leptin receptor (ObR) expression in the placenta and fetal liver. We also aimed to find a role for fetal leptin in the modulation of placental and fetal liver lipase and ObR expression. Six-week-old rats were fed with a standard rat chow (control) or a 25% FD for 7 weeks until mating and during pregnancy. Also,

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de Matos, Marcelo Alexandre, Alex Tadeu Martins, and Reinaldo Azoubel. "Effects of Sodium Cyclamate and Aspartame on the Rat Placenta - A Morphometric Study." International Journal of Nutrology 06, no. 01 (2013): 004–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1705664.

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ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the effects on the placenta of the administration to rats during embryogenesis, of sodium cyclamate or aspartame. Method: Administration of respectively, 14 mg/kg of aspartame via an orogastric sound to a group of rats during their tenth to fourteenth day of pregnancy, of 60 mg/kg of sodium cyclamate intraperitonially to another group, and of equivalent volumes of saline by the same routes to controls. On the twentieth day of pregnancy five foetuses of each group were aleatorily selected for study. Kariometry was used to evaluate nuclear parameters of the decidu

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Lawrence, Dylan J., Kristie Huda, and Carolyn L. Bayer. "Longitudinal characterization of local perfusion of the rat placenta using contrast-enhanced ultrasound imaging." Interface Focus 9, no. 5 (2019): 20190024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsfs.2019.0024.

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The placenta performs many physiological functions critical for development. Insufficient placental perfusion, due to improper vascular remodelling, has been linked to many pregnancy-related diseases. To study longitudinal in vivo placental perfusion, we have implemented a pixel-wise time–intensity curve (TIC) analysis of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) images. CEUS images were acquired of pregnant Sprague Dawley rats after bolus injections of gas-filled microbubble contrast agents. Conventionally, perfusion can be quantified using a TIC of contrast enhancement in an averaged region of int

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Choudhury, S., M. Reyes, NN Drever, et al. "ID: 105: COMPARISON OF PLACENTAL AND PLASMA SOLUBLE (PRO)RENIN RECEPTOR IN NORMAL AND PREECLAMPTIC PREGNANCY." Journal of Investigative Medicine 64, no. 4 (2016): 958.1–958. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jim-2016-000120.96.

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ObjectivePreeclampsia (preE), a syndrome of hypertension and proteinuria. Most recently it was demonstrated that high circulating levels of soluble (pro) renin receptor s(P)RR at delivery were associated with preE. In this study the placental expression of (P)RR were evaluated in preE patients and in a rat model of preE as well as in nonhuman primates. We also evaluated the circulatory levels of s(P)RR.Study Design(1) Placental samples were collected from 20 NP and 20 preE consenting patients in an IRB approved prospective study. (2) An established rat model of preE and NP rats (n=10 each) wer

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