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Journal articles on the topic 'Placental anatomy'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 22 January 2025

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1

Hussain, Atif, Nazma Kiran, Nida Qasim Hayat, Sadaf Shaheen, Abdul Hafeez Baloch, and Abdul Rashid. "Compare the Histological Features between the Normal and Hypertensive Placenta." Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences 16, no. 3 (2022): 1193–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs221631193.

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Objective: The purpose of the current research was to investigate the morphology and histology of placentas collected from moms who had PIH and to compare those results to placentas taken from women who had normal pregnancies. Study Design: The study was conducted at Anatomy department of Women Medical and Dental College Hospital Abbottabad and Mohi-ud-Din Islamic Medical College, Mirpur, AJK during the period from February 2021 to July 2021. Place and Duration: Observational/comparative study Methods: In this study total 80 pregnancies, 40 normal placenta’s and 40 hypertensive placenta’s were
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2

Begum, Nasrin, and Roxana Ferdousi. "Study of Gross Anatomy of Human Placenta in Pregnancy Induced Hypertension." Journal of Armed Forces Medical College, Bangladesh 10, no. 2 (2015): 55–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jafmc.v10i2.25923.

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Introduction: Pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH), also referred to as Gestational hypertension is a condition of high blood pressure during pregnancy. Progression the disease causes preeclampsia and eclampsia, which are the commonest causes of maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality.Objective: The objectives of the study were to observe and measure the macroscopic changes in the placenta in pregnancy induced hypertension and to compare the placental findings of the control group. .Method: This descriptive observational study was carried out in the Department of Anatomy, Bangabandhu Sheikh
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3

Falak Naz, Zainab Rehman, Shazia Iftikhar, Waqar Ahmed, Parkha Rehman, and Saeeda BiBi. "MORPHOMETRIC VARIATION OF PLACENTA AND UMBILICAL CORD INSERTION." Journal of Khyber College of Dentistry 11, no. 04 (2021): 32–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.33279/jkcd.v11i04.114.

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Objective:
 To relate and appraise the morphological variationsof placenta and umbilical cord in normal pregnancy.
 Materials and Methods:
 The study included 100 placentas which were collected from GovernmentMaternity Hospital Hashtnagri and studied in the Anatomy department of Khyber Medical CollegePeshawar over one month duration. The morphological variations of placenta, like shape, weightand attachment of umbilical cord were noted and photographed.
 Results:
 In our study, we observed round placentas in 91 cases (91%), oval placentas in 5 cases(5%), irregular plac
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4

Morrish, D. W., H. Marusyk, and O. Siy. "Demonstration of specific secretory granules for human chorionic gonadotropin in placenta." Journal of Histochemistry & Cytochemistry 35, no. 1 (1987): 93–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/35.1.2432115.

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Existence of secretory granules and exocytosis during secretion of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) in human placenta has been a point of controversy. Using two methods, the highly sensitive avidin-biotin complex (ABC) method and the protein A-gold technique, for immunochemical identification of beta-hCG on electron microscopic sections, we have examined placentas at 8-10 weeks gestation and at term for the presence of secretory granules. First-trimester placentas demonstrated plentiful syncytiotrophoblast cytoplasmic granules, some undergoing exocytosis, when stained using specific beta-hCG
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5

Lobo, Sonja E., Luciano César P. C. Leonel, Carla M. F. C. Miranda, et al. "The Placenta as an Organ and a Source of Stem Cells and Extracellular Matrix: A Review." Cells Tissues Organs 201, no. 4 (2016): 239–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000443636.

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The placenta is a temporal, dynamic and diverse organ with important immunological features that facilitate embryonic and fetal development and survival, notwithstanding the fact that several aspects of its formation and function closely resemble tumor progression. Placentation in mammals is commonly used to characterize the evolution of species, including insights into human evolution. Although most placentas are discarded after birth, they are a high-yield source for the isolation of stem/progenitor cells and are rich in extracellular matrix (ECM), representing an important resource for rege
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6

GOSWAMI, PUSHPA, SAMREEN MEMON, MUHAMMAD ASLAM CHANNA, and Hemlata Rathi. "EXCESSIVE CALCIFICATION OF PLACENTA;." Professional Medical Journal 20, no. 05 (2013): 743–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/2013.20.05.1452.

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Objective: To examine the morphological change due to excessive calcification of placenta of pregnancies complicated bypregnancy induced hypertension (PIH) and placental Abruption and its relation with fetal outcome. Study design: Case control type ofstudy. Place and duration: This study was conducted from June 2008 to July 2009 at the department of Anatomy of Liaquat University ofMedical & Health Sciences Jamshoro. Material and Methods: One hundred twenty placentae were collected from labor room andgynecology operation theatre of Liaquat University Hospital. Forty placentae from parturien
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7

Hiremath, Jayashree N., and Ramesh P. "Cross-Sectional Study of Placental Surface Area and Umbilical Cord Attachment on Placenta in Normal and PIH Pregnancy and Its Effects on Foetal Weight." International Journal of Anatomy and Research 10, no. 1 (2022): 8297–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.16965/ijar.2021.212.

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Introduction: Pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH) is one of the risk factor in pregnancy leading to placental insufficiency which in turn is responsible for maternal and foetal morbidity and mortality. PIH causes morphological changes in placenta. Decreased placental surface area and variation in the attachment of umbilical cord on placenta are more commonly noted in PIH which hampers the uteroplacental perfusion resulting in foetal mortality and morbidity. Hence afforts were made to study the incidence of reduced placental surface area and mode of cord attachment on placenta. Materials and m
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8

Vishram Singh, Kumud Ranjan, Tewarson S L, Rashi Singh та Yogesh Yadav. "Study of placental morphometric anatomy in mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus and inৎluence of gestational diabetes mellitus on the fetal weight". International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences 11, № 4 (2020): 7549–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.26452/ijrps.v11i4.3961.

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The placenta is an organ which is an indicator of maternal and fetal disorders. Gestational Diabetes mellitus complicates 2-5% of all pregnancy. Therefore our work was an analysis of changes in placental morphometric anatomy in mothers of gestational diabetes mellitus and the influence of gestational diabetes mellitus on the fetal weight. Sixty-two placentas of full-term pregnancy collected from labour room/operation theatre of Gynaecology and obstetrics, department of government medical college and super facility hospital Azamgarh, Uttar Pradesh. Out of sixty-two placentas, 31 are from mother
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9

Vishram Singh, Kumud Ranjan, Tewarson S L, Rashi Singh та Yogesh Yadav. "Study of placental morphometric anatomy in mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus and inৎluence of gestational diabetes mellitus on the fetal weight". International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences 11, № 4 (2020): 7549–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.26452/ijrps.v11i4.3961.

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The placenta is an organ which is an indicator of maternal and fetal disorders. Gestational Diabetes mellitus complicates 2-5% of all pregnancy. Therefore our work was an analysis of changes in placental morphometric anatomy in mothers of gestational diabetes mellitus and the influence of gestational diabetes mellitus on the fetal weight. Sixty-two placentas of full-term pregnancy collected from labour room/operation theatre of Gynaecology and obstetrics, department of government medical college and super facility hospital Azamgarh, Uttar Pradesh. Out of sixty-two placentas, 31 are from mother
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10

Hata, Toshiyuki, and Sarah Cajusay-Velasco. "Three-dimensional Power Doppler Ultrasound Study of the Placenta." Donald School Journal of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology 8, no. 4 (2014): 400–409. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10009-1380.

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ABSTRACT Advanced ultrasound technology has been a valuable tool in the assessment of placental anatomy and physiology. Conventional two-dimensional (2D) sonography reveals placental morphological characteristics, 2D color Doppler can assess blood flow in the placenta, 2D power Doppler can evaluate placental vascular trees, and three-dimensional (3D) ultrasound gives more detailed information on the surface anatomy. Recent advances, such as 3D power Doppler with virtual organ computer aided-analysis (VOCAL) and histogram analysis can measure the placental volume, and assess uteroplacental and
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11

Bhagat, Prachi, Arun Kumar Singh, Vivek Singh, and Roshan Chaudhary. "MORPHOLOGICAL CHANGES IN PLACENTAE IN PREGNANCY INDUCED HYPERTENSION." Journal of Chitwan Medical College 13, no. 2 (2023): 82–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.54530/jcmc.1256.

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Background: Pregnancy induced hypertension is a common pathological problem which leads to placental insufficiency. This in turn leads to significant foetal and maternal morbidity and mortality. The aim of the present study is to study the morphological changes in placentae in Pregnancy Induced Hypertension. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Department of Anatomy, Nobel Medical College and Teaching Hospital from May 2021 to April 2022. A total of 100 placentas were collected from postpartum mothers with Pregnancy Induced Hypertension. Statistical analysis was done using Microso
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12

Tanaka, Hirokazu, and Masato Mashima. "HDlive for Assessment of Placenta and Umbilical Cord." Donald School Journal of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology 8, no. 4 (2014): 391–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10009-1379.

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ABSTRACT We present the latest HDlive images of normal and abnormal placentas and umbilical cords. By means of HDlive, more detailed information on placental and umbilical cord abnormalities can be obtained, because this technique is a new surfacerendering mode that uses an adjustable light source to create lighting and shadowing effects, thereby increasing depth perception. HDlive provides extraordinarily realistic imaging of the placenta and umbilical cord, making it almost impossible to differentiate between fetoscopic findings and ultrasound scans. This novel technique may assist in evalua
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13

Kumar, Dhinesh, and Muthuprasad. "Study of Morphology of Placenta in Fifty Specimens." International Journal of Anatomy and Research 9, no. 2.3 (2021): 8020–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.16965/ijar.2021.131.

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Introduction: The placenta is an important organ for keeping a pregnancy going and promoting normal foetal development. As a foetal organ, the placenta is subjected to the same stress and strain as the foetus. The growth of the foetus depends upon the location, functional capacity and integrity of the placental attachment. Aim: To study the morphology of the placenta in fifty placental specimens. Methods: The study was conducted in the Institute of Anatomy, Madurai Medical College, in collaboration with the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology. A total of fifty placental specimens were coll
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14

Storm, Tina, Erik I. Christensen, Julie Nelly Christensen, et al. "Megalin Is Predominantly Observed in Vesicular Structures in First and Third Trimester Cytotrophoblasts of the Human Placenta." Journal of Histochemistry & Cytochemistry 64, no. 12 (2016): 769–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1369/0022155416672210.

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The membrane receptor megalin is crucial for normal fetal development. Besides its expression in the developing fetus, megalin is also expressed in the human placenta. Similar to its established function in the kidney proximal tubules, placental megalin has been proposed to mediate uptake of vital nutrients. However, details of megalin expression, subcellular localization, and function in the human placenta remain to be established. By immunohistochemical analyses of first trimester and term human placenta, we showed that megalin is predominantly expressed in cytotrophoblasts, the highly proli
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15

Renegar, R. H., J. N. Southard, and F. Talamantes. "Immunohistochemical co-localization of placental lactogen II and relaxin in the golden hamster (Mesocricetus auratus)." Journal of Histochemistry & Cytochemistry 38, no. 7 (1990): 935–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/38.7.2355175.

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Two hormones with lactogenic activity are produced by the hamster placenta during the second half of pregnancy. One of these hormones, hamster placental lactogen II (haPL-II), has been well characterized; however, its cellular source is not known. In the present study, haPL-II was localized in placental tissues using a specific antibody and the avidin-biotin-peroxidase immunohistochemical technique. Because relaxin has been localized in the hamster placenta, it was of interest to determine if haPL-II and relaxin are localized in the same cells. haPL-II immunoactivity was observed in primary an
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16

Gundling, William E., and Derek E. Wildman. "A review of inter- and intraspecific variation in the eutherian placenta." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 370, no. 1663 (2015): 20140072. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2014.0072.

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The placenta is one of the most morphologically variable mammalian organs. Four major characteristics are typically discussed when comparing the placentas of different eutherian species: placental shape, maternal–fetal interdigitation, intimacy of the maternal–fetal interface and the pattern of maternal–fetal blood flow. Here, we describe the evolution of three of these features as well as other key aspects of eutherian placentation. In addition to interspecific anatomical variation, there is also variation in placental anatomy and function within a single species. Much of this intraspecific v
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17

Begum, Mahamuda, Shamim Ara, Shahnaz Begum, et al. "Big placenta and anaemia in pregnancy." Journal of Shaheed Suhrawardy Medical College 1, no. 2 (2012): 17–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jssmc.v1i2.12161.

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Background: Birthing process is the journey of the spirit/ soul. The Placenta is the home for this spirit/ soul for nine months. Placenta has a huge role to play throughout the pregnancy acting as the kidneys, lungs and intestines all in one1. Placenta is an organ that is essential to the survival and growth of the fetus of the mammals. Anaemia in pregnancy is common and one of the risk factors in pregnancy. Maternal anaemia result in fetal hypoxemia and also stimulates placental growth. In anaemia, significant changes both in gross morphology and in histology of the placenta can occur. Type o
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18

Yan, Hao, Zhihua Li, Zhonghai Yan, et al. "Methotrexate Induces Apoptosis of Postpartum Placental Cytotrophoblasts." Cells Tissues Organs 203, no. 4 (2017): 231–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000452947.

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Background: Though methotrexate (MTX) is known to inhibit proliferation of trophoblasts derived from ectopic and intrauterine pregnancies, its action on trophoblasts derived from postpartum placenta remains questionable. This study was designed to ascertain the efficacy of MTX in inducing cell death of postpartum placental cytotrophoblasts (PPTC). Methodology: Primary human cytotrophoblasts were isolated from placentae of 1st and 2nd trimester intrauterine pregnancies and from postpartum placentae. The isolated trophoblasts were identified based on the expression of cytokeratin 7. MTX-induced
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19

Duello, T. M., P. J. Bertics, D. L. Fulgham, and P. J. Van Ess. "Localization of epidermal growth factor receptors in first- and third-trimester human placentas." Journal of Histochemistry & Cytochemistry 42, no. 7 (1994): 907–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/42.7.8014474.

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Studies to date have demonstrated epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptors primarily on the outer plasma membrane of the human placental syncytiotrophoblasts facing maternal blood and to a lesser extent on the cytotrophoblast stem cells. In the present studies, first- and third-trimester human placental tissues were immunostained with monoclonal antibodies (MAb) to the EGF binding domain of the human EGF receptor or to the activated (tyrosine-phosphorylated) human EGF receptor. Cytotrophoblasts, syncytiotrophoblasts, and fetal connective tissue cells in first-trimester tissues immunostained wit
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20

Zalud, Ivica, Jennifer Holzman, and Marguerite Lisa Bartholomew. "Ultrasound of the Placenta." Donald School Journal of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology 1, no. 4 (2007): 47–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10009-1119.

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Abstract This review covers ultrasound evaluation of the normal and abnormal placenta with clinical correlation. Normal placental function is essential for a healthy pregnancy outcome as well as for maternal, fetal, childhood, and adult health. Abnormal placental function may result in a compromised pregnancy, creating pathology for the fetus and mother alike. Despite the fact that placental anatomy, function, and location has far-reaching effects for the parents and the developing offspring, ultrasound examination of the placenta is often considered secondary to the fetus by expectant parents
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21

Sawa, Hiroki, Hiroyuki Ukita, Minoru Fukuda, Hajime Kamada, Isamu Saito, and Björn öbrink. "Spatiotemporal Expression of C-CAM in the Rat Placenta." Journal of Histochemistry & Cytochemistry 45, no. 7 (1997): 1021–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002215549704500711.

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We investigated the expression of the immunoglobulin superfamily cell adhesion molecule, C-CAM, in developing and mature rat placenta. By immunohistochemical staining at the light microscopic level, no C-CAM-expression was seen before Day 9 of gestation, when it appeared in the trophoblasts of ectoplacental cones. On Day 10.5, spongiotrophoblasts and invasive trophoblasts around the maternal vessels of the decidua basalis were stained positively. On Day 12.5, C-CAM was detected in the spongiotrophoblasts of the junctional layer, but labyrinth trophoblasts and secondary giant trophoblasts were
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22

Novis, Maria Inês, Ana Paula Carvalhal Moura, Agnes de Paula Fernandes Watanabe, Luciana Carla Longo e. Pereira, Gisele Warmbrand, and Giuseppe D'Ippolito. "Placental magnetic resonance imaging: normal appearance, anatomical variations, and pathological findings." Radiologia Brasileira 54, no. 2 (2021): 123–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0100-3984.2020.0010.

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Abstract Placental magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been increasingly requested, especially for the evaluation of suspected cases of placental adhesive disorders, generally known as placenta accreta. Abdominal radiologists need to become familiar with normal placental anatomy, anatomical variations, the current terminology, and major placental diseases that, although rare, are important causes of maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. The aim of this didactic pictorial essay is to illustrate various findings on placental MRI, as well as to emphasize the importance of communication bet
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23

Soliman, Natasha. "HOW IT WORKS 5: PHYSIOLOGICAL BIRTH OF THE PLACENTA." Practising Midwife 27, no. 02 (2024): 12–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.55975/nuap7898.

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In this article I talk about physiological birth of the placenta by exploring the anatomy and physiology of the placenta and its role in childbirth, pairing this with the skills required to facilitate a physiological placental birth. It is important for midwives to understand the anatomy and physiology behind the skill set required to provide care during physiological birth of the placenta and to understand how midwifery practice can influence achieving this for women and birthing people.
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24

Naganuma, H., H. Ohtani, N. Harada, and H. Nagura. "Immunoelectron microscopic localization of aromatase in human placenta and ovary using microwave fixation." Journal of Histochemistry & Cytochemistry 38, no. 10 (1990): 1427–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/38.10.2401783.

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In this study we investigated the immunohistochemical localization of a unique aromatase, a single protein of 51,000 daltons, in the human placenta and ovary at light and electron microscopic levels. Microwave fixation was adopted for the immunoelectron microscopic study because it is an excellent method for preserving antigenicity and subcellular structures in frozen sections. Tissue samples from four immature human placentas, four full-term human placentas, and two human ovaries fixed in 10% formalin were examined by light microscopy. In addition, tissues from three full-term human placentas
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25

Qureshi M. A, Shaikh B. A, Mangi M.M, and Bhurgri G.R. "Morphological and Histological Changes in Placentae of Hypertensive Women." JMMC 4, no. 2 (2014): 43–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.62118/jmmc.v4i2.344.

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Objective: To determine the changes in placentae in pregnant ladies suffering from pregnancy induced Hypertension.Research Design: A cross sectional studyPlace and duration: Sampling was done of the patients from the OPD’s of Taluka hospital Hala and basic healthunit Hala old, with collaboration of department of Anatomy, Baqai Medical University, Karachi, from june-2011-Dec- 2011Material and Methods: Placentae were preserved in 10% formalin of Merck Company and studied macroscopically as well as microscopically. These features include shape, size, and site of attachment of umbilical cord,centr
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26

Dumitru, Catalin, Izabella Petre, Marius Craina, et al. "The Study of Placental Vascularization Using Type AGO II Plastic Substances." Materiale Plastice 56, no. 1 (2019): 171–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.37358/mp.19.1.5145.

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Placental blood circulation has certain features that allow the exchange of nutrients between the maternal and fetus blood, respectively allow exchanges of nutrients between the mother and the fetus. We studied 50 human placentas. The method used in the case of our study is a standardized method of the Laboratory of Anatomy and Embryology, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, for over 50 years. The making of corrosion concoction followed the recipe of the laboratory using type AGO II plastic substances, differently coloured and then subjected to the corrosive action of
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27

Aman, Shehla, Sher Zamir, Jamshed Khan, et al. "WEIGHT AND VOLUME OF PLACENTA IN NORMOTENSIVE PREGNANCIES VERSUS PREGNANCY INDUCED HYPERTENSION." Gomal Journal of Medical Sciences 16, no. 2 (2018): 51–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.46903/gjms/16.02.1889.

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Background: Pregnancy-induced hypertension adversely affects the development of placenta and growth of fetus. The objective of the study was to compare the weight and volume of placentae in normotensive pregnancies versus patients with pregnancy-induced hypertension. Material & Methods: This comparative cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Anatomy, Gomal Medical College, D.I.Khan, from January 2014 to October 2014. Sample size was 150. Consecutive sampling technique was used. Inclusion criteria was pregnant women of all ages and parity. Grouping variable was presence of
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28

Hamidi, Odessa P., Avi Hameroff, Allen Kunselman, William M. Curtin, Risha Sinha, and Serdar H. Ural. "Placental thickness on ultrasound and neonatal birthweight." Journal of Perinatal Medicine 47, no. 3 (2019): 331–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jpm-2018-0100.

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Abstract Objective To investigate the relationship between maximal placental thickness during routine anatomy scan and birthweight at delivery. Methods This retrospective descriptive study analyzed 200 term, singleton deliveries in 2016 at Penn State Hershey Medical Center. We measured maximal placental thickness in the sagittal plane from the ultrasound images of the placenta obtained at the 18–21-week fetal anatomy screen. The relationship between placental thickness and neonatal birthweight was assessed using Pearson’s correlation coefficient (r) with 95% confidence interval (CI). Logistic
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29

Nikitenko, Leonid, Geoffrey Morgan, Sergei I. Kolesnikov, and F. B. Peter Wooding. "Immunocytochemical and In Situ Hybridization Studies of the Distribution of Calbindin D9k in the Bovine Placenta Throughout Pregnancy." Journal of Histochemistry & Cytochemistry 46, no. 5 (1998): 679–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002215549804600513.

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The fetus must transport considerable and increasing amounts of calcium across the placental trophoblast epithelium to support growth and development and bone formation. Active calcium transport across epithelia has been shown to correlate with calbindin D9k or 28k content. This study examined the distribution of calbindin D9k (9CBP) protein and mRNA during pregnancy in the bovine placenta to determine its possible role in calcium transport in this system. The immunocytochemical results show 9CBP in an increasing percentage of interplacentomal uninucleate trophoblast cells until, at term, all
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Morrish, D. W., H. Marusyk, and D. Bhardwaj. "Ultrastructural localization of human placental lactogen in distinctive granules in human term placenta: comparison with granules containing human chorionic gonadotropin." Journal of Histochemistry & Cytochemistry 36, no. 2 (1988): 193–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/36.2.2447154.

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Human placental lactogen (hPL) is known to originate in the syncytiotrophoblast, as demonstrated by light microscopic peroxidase and immunofluorescent staining. However, ultrastructural localization of hPL has not previously been performed. In these experiments, immunostaining of electron microscopic sections using protein A-gold and avidin-biotin complex techniques was used to study hPL and human chorionic gonadotropin (beta hCG) localization in first trimester and term placentae. HPL was localized in many small (0.12-0.25 micron) granules. In contrast, beta hCG was found in large (0.40-1.2 m
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31

Jahnavi, C., and Gomathy E. "A case series on abnormal placenta accreta spectrum in a rural tertiary care centre." Indian Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology Research 9, no. 1 (2022): 143–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.18231/j.ijogr.2022.030.

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Placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) is a potentially life-threatening obstetric condition that requires a multidisciplinary approach to management. The main complication of PAS is due to it’s massive obstetric haemorrhage which leads to maternal morbidity and mortality. The incidence of placenta accreta spectrum increases day by day due to an alarming increase in caesarean section rates. Depending on the range of invasiveness, The Placenta accreta spectrum is classified as placenta accreta, placenta increta and placenta percreta. The etiology of placenta accreta spectrum is that a defect of the en
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32

Honig, Arnd, Lorenz Rieger, Michaela Kapp, Johannes Dietl, and Ulrike Kämmerer. "Immunohistochemistry in Human Placental Tissue—Pitfalls of Antigen Detection." Journal of Histochemistry & Cytochemistry 53, no. 11 (2005): 1413–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1369/jhc.5a6664.2005.

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Because incongruous controversial staining results are a common phenomenon in the placenta, methodical investigations are important to prevent researchers from obtaining misleading results. While investigating dendritic cells (DC) at the human fetomaternal interface, we observed staining of endothelial cells (EC) in chorionic villi for CD83. Given the high specificity of this antigen for DC, this did not seem credible. Previous studies had revealed the same surprising staining pattern with human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-G antibodies. We therefore analyzed human placental EC staining more closel
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33

Ashwal, Eran, Jasmine Ali-Gami, Amir Aviram, et al. "Contribution of Second Trimester Sonographic Placental Morphology to Uterine Artery Doppler in the Prediction of Placenta-Mediated Pregnancy Complications." Journal of Clinical Medicine 11, no. 22 (2022): 6759. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm11226759.

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Background: Second-trimester uterine artery Doppler is a well-established tool for the prediction of preeclampsia and fetal growth restriction. At delivery, placentas from affected pregnancies may have gross pathologic findings. Some of these features are detectable by ultrasound, but the relative importance of placental morphologic assessment and uterine artery Doppler in mid-pregnancy is presently unclear. Objective: To characterize the association of second-trimester sonographic placental morphology markers with placenta-mediated complications and determine whether these markers are predict
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34

Singal, Sahil S., Karen Nygard, Robert Gratton, Thomas Jansson, and Madhulika B. Gupta. "Increased Insulin-like Growth Factor Binding Protein-1 Phosphorylation in Decidualized Stromal Mesenchymal Cells in Human Intrauterine Growth Restriction Placentas." Journal of Histochemistry & Cytochemistry 66, no. 9 (2018): 617–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1369/0022155418772574.

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Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is often caused by placental insufficiency, which is believed to be associated with decreased delivery of oxygen and nutrients to the placental barrier. We recently reported that hypoxia and/or leucine deprivation triggered hyperphosphorylation of insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1 (IGFBP-1) in decidualized human immortalized endometrial stromal cells (HIESCs), resulting in decreased insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) bioactivity. To test the hypothesis that human IUGR is associated with increased decidual IGFBP-1 phosphorylation at discrete s
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Mikkelsen, Emmeli, Henrik Lauridsen, Per Mose Nielsen, et al. "The chinchilla as a novel animal model of pregnancy." Royal Society Open Science 4, no. 4 (2017): 161098. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.161098.

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Several parameters are important when choosing the most appropriate animal to model human obstetrics, including gestation period, number of fetuses per gestation and placental structure. The domesticated long-tailed chinchilla ( Chinchilla lanigera ) is a well-suited and appropriate animal model of pregnancy that often will carry only one offspring and has a long gestation period of 105–115 days. Furthermore, the chinchilla placenta is of the haemomonochorial labyrinthine type and is therefore comparable to the human villous haemomonochorial placenta. This proof-of-concept study demonstrated t
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Schiessl, Barbara, Ioannis Mylonas, Peer Hantschmann, et al. "Expression of Endothelial NO Synthase, Inducible NO Synthase, and Estrogen Receptors Alpha and Beta in Placental Tissue of Normal, Preeclamptic, and Intrauterine Growth-restricted Pregnancies." Journal of Histochemistry & Cytochemistry 53, no. 12 (2005): 1441–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1369/jhc.4a6480.2005.

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In the physiology of placental blood circulation, nitric oxide (NO) synthases seem to play important roles, although their expression in pathological placentas and their role is still unclear. In addition, NO synthase activation seems to be related to estrogen receptor expression. Therefore, the aims of this study were to investigate the expression of estrogen receptors alpha (ERα), estrogen receptor beta (ER and the endothelial NO synthase (eNOS), and inducible NO synthase (iNOS) in intrauterine growth-restricted (IUGR) placentas, preeclamptic placentas, and in normal healthy control placenta
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37

Mitrofanova, Irina V., Elena D. Lutsai, and Elizaveta N. Sirik. "Specific features of human placenta anatomy in pregnancy achieved by in vitro fertilization." Science and Innovations in Medicine 8, no. 3 (2023): 148–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.35693/2500-1388-2023-8-3-148-153.

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Aim to evaluate the qualitative and quantitative morphological characteristics of placentas of pregnant women after in vitro fertilization (IVF) registered in the prenatal period and after birth.
 Material and methods. The retrospective study of medical records of pregnant and puerperia women focused on the chorion and placenta parameters registered by ultrasound examinations in the I, II, III trimesters. The patients' inclusion criteria were singleton pregnancy and birth at 37-41 weeks' gestation. The types of assisted reproductive technologies and delivery were not specified in this stu
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Bonte, Diana Camelia, Olivera Iordache, Izabella Petre, et al. "Macroscopic Examination of Placental Vascularization with a Corrosive Agent in Pregnant Women Diagnosed with Thrombophilia." Materiale Plastice 54, no. 4 (2017): 678–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.37358/mp.17.4.4924.

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The normal development of the placenta is a major factor in the fetus s growth and development, whilst the maternal-fetal placental vasculature is essential in this regard. During placentation, there is an ongoing process, which combines angiogenesis with vasculogenesis, as demonstrated by numerous studies, which reveal important roles of various known angiogenic factors, while other studies show the roles of different classes of factors in vascular morphogenesis nonspecific to the placenta. The method used in the case of our study is a standardized method of the Laboratory of Anatomy and Embr
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Leitner, Karl, Roman Szlauer, Isabella Ellinger, Adolf Ellinger, Klaus-Peter Zimmer, and Renate Fuchs. "Placental Alkaline Phosphatase Expression at the Apical and Basal Plasma Membrane in Term Villous Trophoblasts." Journal of Histochemistry & Cytochemistry 49, no. 9 (2001): 1155–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002215540104900909.

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Human placental alkaline phosphatase (PLAP) was localized at the apical and basal plasma membrane of syncytiotrophoblasts and at the surface of cytotrophoblasts in term chorionic villi using immunoelectron microscopy. Similarly, apical and basolateral PLAP expression was found in polarized trophoblast-derived BeWo cells. Trophoblasts isolated from term placentas exhibited mainly vesicular PLAP immunofluorescence staining immediately after isolation. After in vitro differentiation into syncytia, PLAP plasma membrane expression was upregulated and exceeded that observed in mononuclear trophoblas
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40

Narayanan, S., T. Mohamed, and N. Shankar. "Cord centrality and eccentricity indices of the placenta and their associations." Journal of Morphological Sciences 32, no. 03 (2015): 216–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4322/jms.076414.

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Abstract Introduction: The shape of the placenta and position of umbilical cord insertion are associated with perinatal outcome. Cord centrality index (CCI) is a measure of the distance of the umbilical cord insertion from the center of the placenta. Eccentricity index (EI) is a measure of placental shape. Hyrtl's anastomosis (HA) connects the two umbilical arteries and helps to equalize pressure differences. The hypothesis of the study was that there would be a significant correlation between the diameter of HA and the CCI and EI. Materials and Methods: The maximum length, maximum breadth, an
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De Paepe, Monique E., Sarah Burke, Francois I. Luks, Halit Pinar, and Don B. Singer. "Demonstration of Placental Vascular Anatomy in Monochorionic Twin Gestations." Pediatric and Developmental Pathology 5, no. 1 (2002): 37–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10024-001-0089-z.

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Invasive treatment modalities for severe chronic twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS), such as fetoscopic laser coagulation of communicating vessels, have revived the need for detailed studies of placental angioar-chitecture. We describe a practical placental vascular injection technique using alcohol-resistant tissue-staining dyes. Injection of color-coded gelatin-dye mixtures effectively delineated the intertwin vasculature, and allowed unequivocal macroscopic classification of vascular communications as artery-to-artery, vein-to-vein, or deep artery–to-vein anastomoses. The existence of
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Vijaianand M, Geeta Anasuya D, Sheela Grace Jeevamani, and Sutha S. "Comparative Histological study of Normal human placentae with Hypertensive placentae in Western part of Tamilnadu state (Kongunadu region)." International Journal of Anatomy and Research 9, no. 2.1 (2021): 7948–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.16965/ijar.2021.115.

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Background: Placenta forms an intimate bonding between the mother and the foetus. Apart from gaseous exchange, transport of nutrients from mother to the foetus, any disease or disorder affecting the mother also reflects the foetus. Hypertension during antenatal period produces maternal vasospasm and vascular damage due to luminal constriction of uterine spiral arterioles causing histological changes in the placenta and ultimately leads to foetal hypoxia and death. Aim of the study: To compare the histological features between the normal and hypertensive placenta. Materials and Methods: 30 norm
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Domagała, Zygmunt, Agnieszka Pinkowska, Aleksandra Piotrowska, et al. "Utility of the Movat pentachrome stain technique in the microanatomical analysis of the human placenta." Italian Journal of Anatomy and Embryology 126, no. 2 (2022): 25–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/ijae-13882.

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The efficacy and utility of pentachrome staining has been demonstrated in many studies on diverse human body tissues. Movat pentachrome technique is used for multicolor staining of tissue sections and vascular and stroma visualization. So far, the utility of this method for microanatomical evaluation of placental structures has not been demonstrated. The aim of this study is to evaluate the image of normal placenta and to develop some reference images for future evaluation of pathological tissues based on this technique. Material and method. The study was carried out on 21 paraffin slices take
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Ahmed, Sami, and Brijesh Kumar Aghera. "A study on association of placental morphometry with newborn anthropometry." Indian Journal of Clinical Anatomy and Physiology 7, no. 4 (2021): 367–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.18231/j.ijcap.2020.077.

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Fetal improvement is the fundamental part of maternal supplement stores & compelling transportation through the placenta. Consequently, any distinction in the placenta brings about inconsistent fetal advancement results of expanded danger of delayed sicknesses in the neonatal. This investigation was expected to find the impact of placental morphometry on infant anthropometry.In current study lacentae were obtained from Obstetrics and Gynecology Unit & pacific medical college & hospital Udaipur and study was conducted in the Dept. of Anatomy, Geetanjali M.C. and Hospital, Udaipur (R
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Bayer, Carolyn. "Photoacoustic imaging for assessment of abnormal placental function during pregnancy." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 153, no. 3_supplement (2023): A137. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/10.0018421.

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Insufficient placental function is a comorbidity of many pregnancy pathologies, including preeclampsia, and may be a driver of epigenetic changes affecting the future health of mother and child. Existing ultrasound imaging modalities assess placental anatomy, but provide insufficient information about function, limiting clinical care. Our research develops photoacoustic imaging of placental function to characterize progression and treatment of placental-related diseases. In photoacoustic imaging, short laser pulses generate acoustic signals from light-absorbing chromophores within the tissue.
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Nadyal, Shreyas Raghavan, Sakinala Niveditha, and V. Janaki. "Is vertical transmission that dreadful in COVID 19 pregnancy." Indian Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology Research 9, no. 1 (2022): 66–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.18231/j.ijogr.2022.013.

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: Since the emergence of coronavirus illness in 2019 (COVID-19), there has been discussion on whether pregnant women are more vulnerable to COVID-19 and whether there is any vertical transmission through the placenta.: We describe a collection of thirty placentae collected from pregnant women who were tested at our hospital for SARS cov-2 infection by RT-PCR and turned to be positive. They were divided based on clinical symptoms into asymptomatic, mild and moderate groups before giving birth. We performed a thorough histopathological examination of placental tissue, RTPCR of amniotic fluid and
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Zhang, Baozhen, Ruijing Liang, Mingbin Zheng, Lintao Cai, and Xiujun Fan. "Surface-Functionalized Nanoparticles as Efficient Tools in Targeted Therapy of Pregnancy Complications." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, no. 15 (2019): 3642. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20153642.

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Minimizing exposure of the fetus to medication and reducing adverse off-target effects in the mother are the primary challenges in developing novel drugs to treat pregnancy complications. Nanomedicine has introduced opportunities for the development of novel platforms enabling targeted delivery of drugs in pregnancy. This review sets out to discuss the advances and potential of surface-functionalized nanoparticles in the targeted therapy of pregnancy complications. We first describe the human placental anatomy, which is fundamental for developing placenta-targeted therapy, and then we review c
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Bose, Sanjib, Labiba Jabeen, Rafuja Shanto, Afsana Khanam, Rawshon Naznin, and Sharmin Sumi. "Study of Number of Cotyledons of Placenta in Different Gestational Age Groups of Healthy Pregnant Mother of Bangladesh." American Journal of Health Research 12, no. 4 (2024): 104–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.11648/j.ajhr.20241204.15.

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<i>Introduction</i>: The placenta has drawn attention as an important indicator of intrauterine condition of fetus and maternal diseases. The study of number of cotyledons of placenta in different gestational age groups of healthy pregnant mother of Bangladesh is cross sectional descriptive study. <i>Aim of the study</i>: The aim of the study was to study the variation of number of cotyledons of placenta in deferent state of gestational ages of healthy pregnant mother. <i>Methods</i>: This cross sectional descr
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Aman, Shehla, Sarah Arif, Amir Amanullah, Jamshed Khan, Sarah Yunus, and Usman Ullah. "PLACENTAL DIAMETER AND THICKNESS AND NUMBER OF COTYLEDONS IN MILD AND SEVERE PREGNANCY INDUCED HYPERTENSIVE WOMEN VERSUS NORMOTENSIVE WOMEN OF DISTRICT D.I.KHAN, PAKISTAN." Gomal Journal of Medical Sciences 18, no. 4 (2021): 156–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.46903/gjms/18.04.839.

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Background: Pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH) adversely affects the development of placenta and growth of fetus. The objectives of this study were to compare the placental diameter, placental thickness and number of cotyledons in mild PIH and severe PIH women versus normotensive women of District D.I.Khan, Pakistan.Material Methods: This comparative cross-sectional study was conducted in Department of Anatomy, Gomal Medical College, D.I.Khan, Pakistan from January to October 2014. Three samples were selected; each of size 50, group 1 normotensive/ control, group 2 with mild PIH and group 3
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Padodara, Ramesh Jamnadas, Vivek Kumar Singh, Dhaval Tribhovanbhai Fefar, et al. "Gross as well as microscopic anatomy and physiological functions of fetal placenta in Jaffrabadi buffaloes." Buffalo Bulletin 43, no. 1 (2024): 69–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.56825/bufbu.2024.4314022.

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The present study was conducted to know the gross morphology and histo-morphological structure of fetal placenta in Jaffrabadi buffaloes. Parameters like calf weight, placental weight, numbers, and size of cotyledons were observed in Jaffrabadi buffaloes and morphologically, fetal cotyledons were convex and non-pendunculated in Jaffrabadi buffaloes were found. Histological studies of small and large cotyledons showed extensive branching of secondary and tertiary villi that were longer, slender, and well developed in Jaffrabadi buffalo. A less developed basal lamina was seen in small cotyledon
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