Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Plaga'
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Domínguez, Cuadrado Aroa. "Estudios dirigidos a la ecología química de insectos plaga mediante semioquímicos." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/482166.
Full textMany species belong to the order Lepidoptera and Orthoptera are responsible for important damage to agriculture, forestry and stored products that suppose a huge economical losses. Because of the disadvantages of chemical pesticides, the development of safer, more economic and selective compounds to control pest insects are required. The olfactory system plays an important role in the reproduction and food search in moths and butterflies, so the disruption of this system could be a good target in integrated pest management (IPM) strategies. In this thesis, different aspects of the olfactory physiology in T. absoluta and G. molesta have been studied. For the first one, the effect of mating status on synthesis and perception of the sexual pheromone in adults of this specie have been evaluated; and the influence of the host plant over oviposition. Secondly, for both species, its have been analysed the olfactory proteins expressed in antennae of males and females through different proteomic techniques, where a differential expression in an important olfactory group of proteins, like the PBPs and OBPs, was observed in both sexes. Moreover, in the present work it has been evaluated the effectiveness of several methyl ketones and trifluoromethyl ketones, which are structurally related to the sex pheromone of these species of pest moth in laboratory and field tests, and eight essential oils (EOs) and three monoterpenoids present in their composition were tested on different stages of their development under laboratory conditions. The results suggest that the compound E3,Z8,Z11-14:MK is a good behavioral antagonist of the pheromone of T. absoluta, and several of these EOs and monoterpehoid could be considered as agents to control these pests in IPM strategies. Furthermore, it is well known that locusts can cause enormous losses in crops of many countries. Dociostaurus maroccanus (Orthoptera: Acrididae) is one of the most abundant locusts of the Iberian Peninsula and it control suppose a high economic costs. In order to develop environmentally-friendly control strategies for this pest, electrophysiological and behavioral studies have been combined to verify that phytal, a specific compound of this specie, as a possible component of the pheromonal complex of the locust. The results obtained point to R,R isomer is an aggregation pheromone because of their attractive effect on adult insects of both sexes.
Isla, Poblete Macarena del Pilar, and Núñez Marianne Constanza Katunaric. "El conejo europeo (Oryctolagus cuniculus): de plaga a subsidio de la naturaleza." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2006. http://www.repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/101829.
Full textLópez, Belchí María Dolores. "Toxicidad volátil de monoterpenoides y mecanismos bioquímicos en insectos plaga del arroz almacenado." Doctoral thesis, Universidad de Murcia, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/11037.
Full textSome pests cause serious damage to stored grains and stored products and consequently production and quality losses in these products.The rice weevil, Sitophilus oryzae L. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), the lesser grain borer, Rhyzopertha dominica Fabricius (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae) and Cryptolestes pusillus Schönherr (Coleoptera: Cucujidae) were the main damaging pests found in stored rice in Spain.S.oryzae and R.dominica are primary pests attacking directly the intact grain and are quite destructive because their larvi feed and develop inside the grain whereas C.pusillus is a secondary pest which benefits from grains previously damaged.At the present time, organic synthetic pesticides are still the main method to control stored grain pests, however, recently (due to restriction in agrochemicals use) there is a great interest in using other altenatives such as biological control, storage at low-temperatures, or heat treatment.Likewise, many products obtained mainly from plants and derived from secondary metabolism have insecticidal activity against insects, such as monoterpenoids, which present a broad variety of bioinsecticide products which could turn out to be an ecologic alternative to synthetic pesticides since the majority of alternative products are not harmful for the human healthy and they become less environmentally damaging, exhibiting a low impact on the environment.In addition, it cannot be ignored the different difficulties related to resistance due to several active compounds from organic pesticides found in some species of insects.With this work, we have considered remarkable to study the insecticide activity of essential oils extracted from three plants: Coriandrum sativum L. (Umbelliferae), Carum carvii L. (Umbelliferae) and Ocimum basilicum L. (Labiatae) and carry out a bioassay-guided fractionation of their essential oils to identify which compounds were responsible for the volatile toxicity shown on three stored rice pests (S. oryzae, R. dominica and C. pusillus).Linalool, S-carvone and estragole turned out to have a high insecticide activity on these pests. Nevertheless E-anetol was more selective to R. dominica and C. pusillus, being only active on C. pusillus limonene, γ-terpinene, geraniol and eucalyptol.Some monoterpenoids were found as synergists, increasing the activity of the other ones, like for instance, camphor, geranyl acetate and E-anethole with linalool in R.dominica and C.pusillus or metoxycinnamaldehyde, p-anysaldehyde and linalool which could activate to estragole.In this work, the inhibition of acetylcholinesterase as a posible mode of action was studied as well, to reach a clear understanding about the action of these products inside the insects.The majority of monoterpenoids inhibited the enzyme acetylcholinesterase being fenchone, S-carvone and linalool the monoterpenoids that produced a higher inhibition.Furthermore, it was observed how fenchone, γ-terpinene, geraniol and linalool showed a competitive inhibition whereas S-carvone, estragole and camphor produced a mixed inhibition for this enzyme. However the enzyme acetylcholinesterase was not inhibited by E-anethole.To finish up this work, the selection for monoterpenoid resistance on these pests as well as the metabolic mechanisms implicated was studied.The resistant strains were selected from susceptible insect populations and survivors were reared separately for each monoterpenoid and successive generations were treated with higher concentrations. These populations were selected until seven times.As a result we could calculate the resistance factor on each pest (comparing lethal concentration 50 values of susceptible and resistant strains).Next, three enzymatic systems detoxifying these monoterpenoids were analysed to study the metabolic mechanism implicated.In this way we could realize that all monoterpenoids induced resistance slowly, concluding that these pesticides will be appropriated to control these pests in the future.This Thesis has concerned a study in depth about ecological insecticides from extraction of essential oils, identification of compounds (GC-MS) with insecticide activity, mode of action and study of resistance and mechanism of insecticide resistance involved in this process.
Acín, Viu Patricia. "Identificación de feromonas y proteínas implicadas en la percepción feromonal de lepidópteros plaga." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/1825.
Full textPALABRAS CLAVE: Fisiología de insectos, Ecología química, Feromonas, Proteómica.
Many species responsible for important damage to agriculture, forestry and stored products belong to the order Lepidoptera. Due to environmental and public health problems in addition to an incoming tolerance derived from the expanded application of pesticides, new alternatives have been developed in order to control these insect pests. Olfaction is crutial for Lepidoptera reproductive success, therefore the disruption of their perception system could be a good management tool. In this thesis, several aspects of the olfactory physiology in different pest species have been studied. One of these studies was the identification of the pheromone blend found in the Spanish strain of the species Spodoptera exigua, where an optimum formulation for its control was obtained using analytical, electrophysiological and behavioural techniques. This study, typical in insects chemical ecology, was complemented with a pioneering analysis of the olfactory proteins expressed in antennae of males and females in different Lepidoptera species. Thanks to different proteomic techniques used in this study such as 2DE, MALDI-TOF MS and MS/MS, a differential expression in an important olfactory group of proteins, like the OBPs, was observed in both sexes. Finally the combination of both kinds of analyses deciphered partially the type of chemical communication existing in the moth species Paysandisia archon, important pest of palm trees, where the females seem to have lost the hability to emit long-distance pheromones probably due to a high adaptation to diurnal life.
Rolland, Hervé. "Mise en place d'une fabrication de microsphères stériles de plaga produites par spray-drying." Paris 5, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA05P086.
Full textNavarro, Campos Cristina. "Pezothrips kellyanus (Thysanoptera: Thripidae), nueva plaga en cítricos; comportamiento de sus poblaciones, muestreo y enemigos naturales." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de València, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/27776.
Full textNavarro Campos, C. (2013). Pezothrips kellyanus (Thysanoptera: Thripidae), nueva plaga en cítricos; comportamiento de sus poblaciones, muestreo y enemigos naturales [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/27776
Palancia
Salinas, Sedano Carlos Teofilo 1960. "Formação de gelo em placa plana." [s.n.], 1996. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/263314.
Full textDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Mecanica
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Resumo: Este trabalho modela o processo de formação de gelo sobre a superfície de uma placa ma quando é exposta a um fluxo de ar úmido. O modelo matemático utilizado é uma formulação unidimensional e transiente de fluxo e transferência de calor e massa, baseado na técnica de media volumétrica local. Utilizando este modelo pode-se predizer a densidade e o crescimento da espessura da camada porosa de gelo, assim como também a temperatura da superfície da camada porosa de gelo. Outras propriedades como a temperatura, a taxa de deposição de massa e a fração volumétrica das fases no interior da camada porosa de gelo também são avaliadas. Dados experimentais e numéricos disponíveis foram usadas para validar o modelo. Também foram realizados experimentos numéricos para escolher os melhores valores iniciais de difusividade e raio inicial do cristal de gelo, assim como o parâmetro de difusão superficial Fs. Utiliza-se finalmente este modelo para predizer a formação de gelo em placas paralela
Abstract: This paper models the frost formation process on a cold flat surface exposed to the flow of warm moist air. The model is a one dimensional transient formulation of flow, heat and mass transfer based upon the local volume averaging technique. This model enables predicting the ftost temperature, density and thickness distribution along the plate as well as the void fraction. Available experimental data was used to validate the model. Also numerical experiments were realized to choose the best initial values of the diffusivity and initial radius of the ice crystals and the frost diffusion parameter Fs. The model is also enables predicting a frost formation on paralleles flat plates
Mestrado
Termica e Fluidos
Mestre em Engenharia Mecânica
Comunelo, Rossano Renir. "Convecção natural em placa plana vertical." Florianópolis, SC, 2007. http://repositorio.ufsc.br/xmlui/handle/123456789/90300.
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Trata-se de um estudo numérico-experimental de convecção natural laminar de uma placa plana vertical isotérmica em meio ao ar quiescente avaliando a influência de superfícies vizinhas. O objetivo é estimar o coeficiente de troca de calor por convecção em função da aproximação de superfícies (lateral e inferior), e como essa aproximação pode ser descrita em termos de parâmetros adimensionais, tais como RaL e NuL. A placa é aquecida por uma resistência térmica mantendo-se sua temperatura superficial constante. Na bancada experimental foi utilizada a tecnologia de transdutores de fluxo de calor à gradiente tangencial para a leitura do fluxo de calor, sendo obtido o coeficiente de transferência de calor por convecção, hexp. Para a solução numérica foi utilizado um código comercial em CFD, ANSYS-CFX, para a simulação do caso proposto, efetuando-se dessa forma comparações entre as duas soluções. O efeito da espessura da borda de base reta é estudado computacionalmente apontando assim qual influência desta no escoamento, na troca de calor e nos parâmetros adimensionais característicos desse tipo de escoamento. A influência da altura da placa vertical aquecida é avaliada numericamente e experimentalmente. Os resultados mostram que o coeficiente de troca de calor por convecção natural é influenciado por vários fatores sendo o mais importante a proximidade com uma parede adiabática vertical posterior à face aquecida e sendo potencializada pela presença das duas placas planas adiabáticas. As condições de contorno influenciam no campo de velocidade e, portanto, no coeficiente de troca de calor. This is about an numerical and experimental study of laminar natural convection of an isothermal vertical plain plate in way to air evaluating the influence of neighboring surfaces. The objective to guess the coefficient of exchange of heat for convection in function of the approach of surfaces (lateral and inferior), and as this approach can be described in terms of dimensionless parameters, such as RaL and NuL. The warm plate for a thermal resistance remaining its constant superficial temperature. In the experimental group of benches the technology of transducers of flow of heat at tangential gradient for the reading of the flow of heat, being gotten the coefficient of transference of heat for convection was used, hexp. For the numerical solution a commercial code in CFD was used, ANSYS-CFX, for the simulation of the considered case, effecting of this form comparisons between the two solutions. The effect of the thickness of the base edge straight line is studied computational thus pointing which influence of this in the draining, the exchange of heat and characteristic the dimensionless parameters of this type of draining. The influence of the height of the warm vertical plate is evaluated numericamente and experimentally. The results show that the coefficient of exchange of heat for natural convection is influenced by some factors having been the most important proximity with a adiabatic wall vertical line subsequent to the warm face and being powerfull for the presence of the two adiabatics plain plates. The contour conditions influence in the field of speed and, therefore, in the coefficient of heat exchange.
Garriga, Oliveras Anna. "Entomopathogenic nematodes and Drosophila suzukii: from biological control to immunology perspective." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/673764.
Full textDrososphila suzukii es una plaga invasora que ataca a frutos rojos, fresas y cerezas ya que las larvas se alimentan antes de la maduración del fruto. En esta tesis se evalúa la potencialidad de los nematodos entomopatógenos como agentes de control biológico para controlar D. suzukii, a la vez que se determina el papel del sistema inmunológico del insecto frente a la infección. En los dos primeros capítulos, se analiza la susceptibilidad de las etapas de desarrollo de la mosca frente a los nematodos Steinernema feltiae, Steinernema carpocapsae y Heterorhabditis bacteriophora en condiciones de laboratorio. Las larvas son altamente susceptibles a todas las especies de nematodo usadas, en cambio no se registró ninguna infección durante la etapa de pupa. En la fase adulta solo S. carpocapsae fue capaz de infectar, consiguiendo un porcentaje de infección elevado en adultos que acaban de emerger en comparación con adultos maduros. Además, también se realizaron dos pruebas preliminares de aplicación de nematodos en fruto y tierra en condiciones de laboratorio. Para combinar la aplicación de nematodos con otros agentes de control biológico como son insectos depredadores y parasitoides, en el tercer capítulo se han realizado ensayos de compatibilidad en placa de Petri y en planta. Estos experimentos han demostrado que los nematodos no han infectado los insectos beneficiosos en condiciones de planta y podrían ser usados conjuntamente. El desarrollo de la respuesta inmune en el proceso infectivo de S. carpocapsae y la bacteria simbionte X. nematophila es desconocido en D. suzukii y por lo tanto se ha abordado en dos capítulos el estudio a nivel efectivo y regulador. Mediante ensayos fisiológicos y de expresión génica se han evaluado 6 vías inmunológicas incluyendo procesos humorales, celulares i de activación global. En la respuesta humoral no se detectó una activación en presencia del nematodo y solo se activaron los genes Toll y Imd cuando fue liberada la bacteria. A nivel efector eso significó un aumento de péptidos antimicrobianos en hemolinfa, a pesar de que su actividad fue bloqueada por la acción de la bacteria. A nivel celular, el nematodo tampoco fue reconocido por los receptores correspondientes i no se activó ni la vía Jak/STAT ni proPO. Por lo tanto, los hemocitos no se activaron y no se encapsularon los nematodos ni fagocitó la bacteria. Además, sin la activación de las células cristalinas tampoco se liberó la enzima fenol-oxidasa y no se pudo desarrollar la respuesta de melanización. Igualmente se ha descrito como en presencia de X. nematophila, la enzima presenta una bajada de actividad en hemolinfa. Finalmente, JNK y TGF-β son vías relacionadas con la activación global en condiciones de estrés que no se han alterado por la infección. Estos resultados muestran los mecanismos usados por el complejo S. carpocapsae – X. nematophila para superar las defensas del insecto. Esta tesis engloba la relación entre nematodos entomopatógenos y D. suzukii estableciendo las bases de susceptibilidad con las cuales desarrollar una estrategia de control biológico, y el conocimiento del proceso infectivo entre huésped y patógeno.
Drosophila suzukii is an invasive pest that attacks berries, strawberries, and cherries because larvae feed from ripen fruit causing great losses. In this thesis, the potentiality of entomopathogenic nematodes as biological control agents was evaluated to control D. suzukii, as well as to determine the role of insect’s immune system against infection. In the two first chapters, we studied the susceptibility of the developmental stages of the fly against the nematodes Steinernema feltiae, Steinernema carpocapsae and Heterorhabditis bacteriophora under laboratory conditions. Larvae were highly susceptible to all tested nematodes, although no infection was detected during pupal stage. In the adult stage, only S. carpocapsae managed to infect the fly with a high percentage of infection in teneral adults (newly emerged) compared to mature adults. Moreover, two preliminary tests of nematode application were carried out in fruit and soil under laboratory conditions with promising results. In order to perform combined application of nematodes and other biological control agents such as insect predators and parasitoids, in the third chapter, compatibility experiments were done in Petri dish and plant pot. These assays showed no infection of nematodes to the beneficial insects under plant pot conditions. Thus, these agents could be used together. The development of the immune response to the infective process of S. carpocapsae and the symbiont bacteria X. nematophila was unknown in D. suzukii. For this reason, two chapters were focused on the immune study at effective and regulatory level. Through physiological and gene expression assays, 6 immune pathways were studied including humoral and cellular processes, and global activation. Regarding the humoral response, there was no activation under nematode presence and the upregulation of Toll and Imd genes happened only after bacterial release. At the effector level these resulted in an increase of antimicrobial peptides in haemolymph, although the activity was supressed by the bacteria. At cellular level, nematodes were not recognised by the receptors and Jak/STAT and proPO were not activated in response. In consequence, haemocytes were unactive and neither encapsulation of nematodes nor phagocytosis of bacteria was detected. Moreover, without the activation of crystal cells, there was no release of phenol-oxidase enzyme and the fly was unable to develop the melanization response. With the presence of X. nematophila, the enzyme presented a reduced activity in haemolymph too. Finally, JNK and TGF-β are pathways related to global activation under stress conditions, but these presented no variations under nematode-bacterial infection. These results showed the mechanisms used by the complex S. carpocapsae – X. nematophila to overcome the insect defences. This thesis encompasses the relation between entomopathogenic nematodes and D. suzukii establishing the susceptibility baseline to develop a biological control strategy and the knowledge of the infective process between host and pathogen.
Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Programa de Doctorat en Biodiversitat
Planes, Ferrer Mª Dolores. "Aplicación de compuestos fototóxicos a la esterilización fotoquímica de la mosca de los frutos (Ceratitis Capitata Wield)." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de València, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/4266.
Full textPlanes Ferrer, MD. (2000). Aplicación de compuestos fototóxicos a la esterilización fotoquímica de la mosca de los frutos (Ceratitis Capitata Wield) [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/4266
Palancia
Ascenzo, Battistini Alessandra Milagros. "“Especies de Aphididae (Orden: Hemiptera) encontrados en cultivos en el distrito de Asia”." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Ricardo Palma, 2016. http://cybertesis.urp.edu.pe/handle/urp/825.
Full textRomieu, Guilhem. "Développement et étude de la biocompatibilité d'un ciment composite phosphate de calcium-strontium et PLAGA à usages orthopédiques." Thesis, Montpellier 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011MON13503/document.
Full textThe aim of this thesis is to design and develop a new calcium phosphate cement modified by addition of strontium and a composite cement formed by the insertion of PLAGA microspheres.These cements have a therapeutic interest in orthopaedic and maxillofacial surgery for bone filling or reinforcement.The mechanical, rheological and radiological properties of cement and composite were evaluated and optimized to improve their mechanical strength, injectability and radio-opacity. Development works were conducted to meet clinical specifications required for this type of bone substitute.The cement chemistry was studied to determine the reaction mechanisms, evolution and the final product of the setting reaction. In vitro tests on the degradation of cement components and composites were performed and the biocompatibility was studied by cell cultures.Animal experiments on mouse skin and rabbit tibia have confirmed the biocompatibility of these cements and provide a preliminary assessment of its resorption and replacement by newly formed bone tissue
Quilis, Blasi Jordi. "Expressió simultània de gens de defensa per a la producció de varietats d'arròs resistents a patògens i insectes plaga." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/3580.
Full textEl gen fusió mpi-pci s'expressa correctament sota el seu propi promotor i terminador. Quan s'utilitza la seqüència 2A, el producte obtingut (proteïna MPI-2A-PCI) es processa parcialment a la cèl·lula d'arròs, mentre que la MPI-C-PCI s'acumula com a poliproteïna no processada. L'expressió del gen mpi-pci emprant ambdues estratègies (2A and C) confereix resistència front infestació amb larves del lepidòpter plaga (Chilo suppressalis). Bioassaigs amb plantes transgèniques d'arròs mpi-pci infestades mostren una reducció significativa del pes larval en comparació amb larves control.
Tot i que tradicionalment s'ha atribuït un paper insecticida als inhibidors de proteases vegetals, hem demostrat el potencial del PCI com a agent antifúngic. Així, plantes transgèniques que expressen constitutivament el gen pci mostren resistència vers patògens de gran importància econòmica com Magnaporthe oryzae i Fusarium verticillioides. S'ha purificat una carboxipeptidasa de M. oryzae mitjançant cromatografia d'afinitat i posteriorment s'ha caracteritzat per espectrometria de masses. Aquesta proteïna fúngica resulta ser una nova carboxipeptidasa B (MoCPB) que és totalment inhibida pel PCI. En conjunt, aquests resultats indiquen que el PCI exerceix la seva activitat antifúngica mitjançant la inhibició d'aquesta carboxipeptidasa fúngica.
A la segona part de la tesi, s'ha demostrat que l'expressió constitutiva en arròs del gen AtNPR1 d'Arabidopsis confereix resistència front els patògens fúngics M. oryzae i F. verticillioides, i el patogen bacterià Erwinia chrysantemi. S'ha determinat que la resistència observada vers M. grisea, està associada a un augment en la capacitat de la planta per activar els mecanismes endògens de defensa en condicions d'infecció, concretament l'expressió dels gens de defensa PR-1b, TLP (PR-5), Sci1 (PR-6), PR-10 i PBZ. Les plantes transgèniques AtNPR1 crescudes en condicions d'hivernacle presenten un tamany menor i produeixen menys llavors que les plantes no transformades. Les plantes AtNPR1 desenvolupen lesions espontànies a les fulles al ser crescudes en condicions de baixa intensitat de llum. Aquestes lesions van acompanyades d'una sèrie d'efectes citològics com són l'acumulació de l'ió superòxid i de compostos fluorescents en la paret cel·lular, fenòmens que mimetitzen la resposta hipersensible de defensa. Contràriament a la resistència observada vers patògens fúngics i bacterians, les plantes d'arròs AtNPR1 presenten una major susceptibilitat al Rice Yellow Mottle Virus (RYMV). A més, l'expressió constitutiva del gen AtNPR1 regula negativament l'expressió de gens que participen en la resposta a estrès salí i sequera, com són els gens rab21, salT i dip1, resultant en una major sensibilitat a aquests dos tipus d'estrès abiòtics. Aquestes observacions suggereixen que el gen AtNPR1 en arròs presenta tant un paper positiu com negatiu en la resposta de defensa a estressos biòtics i abiòtics.
This work is part of integrated project focused on the improvement of resistance against pests and phytopathogens in rice. The general goal has been the simultaneous expression of genes encoding insecticides and antifungal proteins in transgenic rice plants. As a first approach, the effectiveness of the expression of a fusion gene that encodes two protease inhibitors, genes mpi (maize proteinase inhibitor) and pci (potato carboxypeptidase inhibitor) has been evaluated. The proteinase inhibitors are part of the natural defence system of plants against insect predation. For the simultaneous expression of these two genes has been used several strategies, including (1) the use of a viral sequence called "2A", a self-cleaving oligopeptide, (2) through a sequence of processing the protoxina Cry1B processed by insect enzymes (defined as a sequence 'C') or (3) by crossing pci and mpi lines of rice. Secondly, a regulator gene of the defence response in Arabidopsis (gene AtNPR1; Non Expressor of Pathogenesis Related gene 1) has been used as transgen for the simultaneous expression of endogenous defence genes in rice plant.
The gene fusion mpi-pci is expressed correctly under the control of the mpi wound-inducible promoter and terminator regions. Using the processing sequence 2A, the protein product (MPI-2A-PCI) is partially processed in transformed rice cell, whereas MPI-C-PCI accumulates as a non-processed polyprotein. Expression of mpi-pci gene using both strategies (2A fragment and sequence C) confers resistance against the striped stem borer (Chilo suppressalis) larvae in transgenic rice plants. Bioassays performed with transgenic rice plants expressing the mpi-pci gene and infested with Chilo larvae showed a significant reduction of the larval weight compared with the control larvae group.
Although the role of plant protease inhibitors has been described exclusively in the defense against insect attack, we reported about the potential role of the PCI inhibitor involved in resistance to fungal pathogens. Rice plants expressing constitutively the pci gene exhibit resistance against the economically important pathogens Magnaporthe oryzae and Fusarium verticillioides. By affinity chromatography a carboxypeptidase of M. oryzae was purified using the PCI protein, and subsequently characterized by mass spectrometry. This fungal protein came out to be a novel carboxypeptidase B (MoCPB) which was fully inhibited by PCI. Homology-based modelling revealed structural similarities between the predicted structure of the MoCPB and the crystal structure of insect carboxypeptidases. Overall, these results indicate that PCI exerts its antifungal activity through the inhibition of this particular fungal carboxypeptidase.
In the second part of this work we demonstrated that constitutive expression of the Arabidopsis AtNPR1 gene in rice confers resistance against the fungal pathogens M. oryzae and F. verticillioides, and the bacterial pathogen Erwinia chrysantemi. The protection of AtNPR1 against M. oryzae is due to the priming expression of salicylic acid-responsive endogenous genes (PR1b, PR5, HR-6, PR10 and PBZ). Transgenic AtNPR1 rice plants grown in the greenhouse showed growth retardation, reduced height and smaller seeds than wild type plants. When transferred to plant growth chambers, AtNPR1 plants developed spontaneous lesions (lesion mimic phenotype) showing typical cellular markers of lesion formation, such as accumulation of superoxide ions and autofluorescent material in the cell walls. On the other hand, AtNPR1-expressing rice plants showed a higher susceptibility to infection by the Rice Yellow Mottle Virus (RYMV). Moreover, AtNPR1 negatively regulates the expression of genes playing a role in the plant response to salt and drought stress, namely the rab21, salT and dip1 genes, resulting in a higher sensitivity to both types of abiotic stress. These observations suggest that AtNPR1 has both positive and negative regulatory roles in mediating defence responses against biotic and abiotic stresses.
Abril, Sílvia. "Estudi d'aspectes biològics de la formiga argentina (Linepithema humile, Mayr) encarat al control de la plaga en ecosistemes naturals." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Girona, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/7660.
Full textThe present work attempts to obtain new information about the biology and ecology of this species in order to improve or design new control methods to stop the expansion of the plague in natural ecosystems. In that sense, the study of its foraging activity and dietary spectrum in natural environments, as well as the report of its annual fluctuations in the queen's densities of natural nests, open the door to the improvement of control methodologies based on the use of toxic baits, as well as to the design of new control methods based on the mechanical elimination of queens without the use of chemical procedures. This work also provides new data about the species' reproductive physiology according to temperature, which allow the application in predictive models of the physiological needs of the species to establish in a certain natural area.
Suans, Melisa Andrea. "Evaluación de la eficacia del nanoinsecticida "NSA" para el control de tribolium castaneum, insecto plaga secundaria de granos almacenados." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, 2016. http://bdigital.uncu.edu.ar/14048.
Full textFil: Suans, Melisa Andrea. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales.
Zuñiga, Ccoicca Isabel. "Seguridad alimentaria en familias cafetaleras, a dos años de la plaga “Roya amarilla” en La Florida - Chanchamayo - Junín, 2015." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2017. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/6637.
Full textTesis
Lavagna, Luis Guillermo Moscoso. "Aerodinâmica da placa plana em movimento não-permanente." Instituto Tecnológico de Aeronáutica, 1992. http://www.bd.bibl.ita.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=1797.
Full textSantos, Marcelo Antonio dos. ""MGLTSmn" : aproximação angular "multigrid" em uma placa plana." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/6154.
Full textDe, la Cruz Crisóstomo George Josephson. "Modelo matemático del crecimiento y control mediante la aplicación de insecticidas, a una plaga de Diatraea saccharalis sobre un cultivo de maíz." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2021. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/17363.
Full textMaymó, Hernando Ana C. "Estudio de los mecanismos de resistencia frente a insecticidas en dos insectos plaga: Blattella germanica (L) y Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande)." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de València, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/9494.
Full textTo understand the phenomenon of insecticide resistance at different levels allows the formulation of the strategies to be used for a rational management of resistance in insect pests and provides, in addition, the knowledge to increase the specificity and effectiveness of insecticides, being reduced this way its detrimental effects. With this aim this Thesis deals to undertake the study of the mechanisms involved in the resistance to insecticides, and concretely the enzymatic systems related to metabolic resistance, in Frankliniella occidentalis and Blattella germanica. Both species are examples of important pests in agriculture and public health respectively, and surprisingly they show similar underlying resistance mechanisms to the rest of the insect species. After the analysis of a field population of Blattella germanica, this one turned out to be highly resistant to the pyrethroid deltamethrin; esterases and P450 were identified among several metabolic mechanisms. Laboratory selection with deltamethrin tried to identify the mechanisms specifically related to the resistance to this insecticide and its contribution to the final phenotype. In this way, after being put under several cycles of selection, the resistance of the studied population quickly grew up from 1,58x to 102x in only three cycles, suggesting the possible selection of mechanisms of recessive nature. The incomplete supression of the resistance by synergists PBO and DEF, and cross-resistance to another pyrethroid (acrinathrin) proved that, in addition to oxidases (mainly) and esterases (to a lesser extent), other mechanisms of non-metabolic nature could be co-selected in the resistant individuals, possibly modifications of the kdr-type. The analyses of F. occidentalis samples showed a significant correlation between the elevated levels of the esterase activity and the resistance to acrinathrin, although, it did not explain the resistance in its totality, which would support the hypothesis of the multifactorial character of the resistance of the spanish field populations of Frankliniella analyzed. The mechanisms identified here, as much in Blattella as in Frankliniella, are specific of a chemical compound family, and even sometimes of composed determining; for that reason, the control strategies would have to contemplate the rotation of different classes.
Fürstenau, Benjamin. "Comunicación química intraespecífica de Coroebus spp. (Coleoptera: Buprestidae) y Dociostaurus maroccanus (Orthoptera: Acrididae), dos insectos plaga de la Península Ibérica." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/31938.
Full textEn el presente trabajo se han investigado varios aspectos de la de la comunicación química y del comportamiento de cuatro especies de insectos plaga para encontrar estrategias que permitan el manejo selectivo de los mismos sin la utilización de tratamientos químicos agresivos con el entorno. En general, los insectos perciben el mundo a través de moléculas pequeñas (semioquímicos), las cuales llevan información sobre parejas potenciales, posibles depredadores y características específicas del medio ambiente, como fuentes de alimento, sitios para la oviposición, etc. Se puede decir que la olfacción es de crucial importancia para la supervivencia de los insectos, por lo que el aprovechamiento o la interrupción de este proceso representan una alternativa prometedora en el control de plagas. Entre los semioquímicos más importantes utilizados actualmente en la lucha contra plagas se encuentran las feromonas. Las feromonas son sustancias que los organismos emiten al ambiente y que actúan sobre otros individuos de la misma especie (intraespecífico) alterando el comportamiento de los mismos. Por todo ello se han iniciado estudios dirigidos a la identificación de feromonas en tres insectos plagas de la península ibérica mediante análisis de los volátiles emitidos, bioensayos de comportamiento y electrofisiológicos para confirmar la actividad de los compuestos detectados, así como pruebas de campo para la captura. Hasta el presente no se había establecido ningún método de control efectivo y no contaminante contra esas tres especies. Los bupréstidos, Coreobus undatus y C. florentinus (Coleoptera: Buprestidae) son dos insectos plaga del alcornoque, Quercus suber, una especie endémica del mediterráneo occidental con una importancia económica enorme por su producción de corcho. El daño causado por las larvas de las dos especies provoca pérdidas económicas importantes por impedir la producción de corcho de buena calidad. Los diferentes estudios han revelado la presencia de varios compuestos con actividad atrayente sobre estos insectos, los cuales representan las primeras posibles feromonas de estas dos especies. La langosta marroquí, Dociostaurus maroccanus (Orthoptera: Acrididae), a su vez, es una plaga polífaga de cultivos y pastizales que provoca grandes daños económicos en muchos países de la cuenca mediterránea. Los análisis de los volátiles de las ninfas y los adultos han demostrado la presencia de varios compuestos activos en pruebas electrofisiológicas, exclusivamente emitidos por machos adultos. Se considera que estos compuestos están involucrados en la comunicación química de la langosta marroquí y representan posibles componentes feromonales. Adicionalmente se ha estudiado un aspecto desconocido de la langosta del desierto, Schistocerca gregaria (Orthoptera: Acrididae), una de las plagas agrícolas más graves en África y Asia, en referencia a la maduración de las ninfas gregarias en presencia de adultos maduros. Se ha confirmado una de las teorías existentes acerca de la maduración sincronizada en la langosta del desierto, es decir, un retraso en la maduración de adultos inmaduros y la maduración acelerada de ninfas en una población mixta de ninfas y adultos.
Donoso, González Pablo Antonio. "Monografía sobre el estado del arte de métodos de crianza en laboratorio de algunas especies de insectos y moluscos plaga." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2015. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/148327.
Full textCon el objetivo de establecer el estado del arte en relación a la información que existe en la literatura sobre la crianza de ocho especies plaga de importancia en la agricultura nacional, se realizó una recopilación de metodologías para gusanos cortadores (Agrotis spp.), polilla de la papa (Phthorimaea operculella), gusanos blancos (Hylamorpha elegans), mosca de la semilla (Delia platura), barrenador del maíz (Elasmopalpus angustellus), gusano del choclo (Heliothis zea), babosas y caracoles. En el transcurso de la investigación, debido a las dificultades presentadas en la obtención de información, y a modo de enriquecer las metodologías para las especies objetivo, se adjuntó información de otras especies, en algunos casos del mismo género o con características similares de crianza. La recopilación se efectuó en su gran mayoría por medio de búsqueda en la red a través de diversas bases de datos y revisión bibliográfica, además de consultas a expertos nacionales e internacionales en la temática. En este trabajo se presenta una selección de la información obtenida, incluyendo el mayor número de factores de crianza posibles, con el fin de poder entregar un material de consulta más completo y preciso. Igualmente, en aquellos casos en que la información en general fue pobre, todo el material encontrado fue incluido.
In order to establish the state of the art in relation to the available information on rearing methods of eight important pest species in Chile, a literature compilation was conducted for cutworms (Agrotis spp.), potato tubeworm (Phthorimaea operculella), white worms (Hylamorpha elegans), the bean seed fly (Delia platura), the cornstalk borer (Elasmopalpus angustellus), the corn earworm (Heliothis zea), slugs and snails. In the course of the information search, due to difficulties encountered in obtaining information, and as a way of enriching the methodologies for the target species, information from other species of the same genus with similar rearing methods were considered. Most of the information was obtained through web search, databases, literature review and a survey to national and international experts in the subject. A selection of the obtained information is presented in this work, including as many rearing factors as possible, in order to give the most complete and accurate material. In those cases where information in the literature was poor, all the material found was included.
Rodríguez, Ropero Sergio. "Desasturases de membrana: estudis mecanístics, clonatge i aplicacions biotecnològiques." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/2785.
Full textUna de les característiques més importants d'aquests semioquímics és la presència de dobles enllaços, en diferents posicions de la cadena i de diversa configuració. Els enzims encarregats d'aquesta biotransformació són les acil-CoA dessaturases. Són enzims lligats a la membrana del reticle endoplasmàtic, dependents d'oxigen i d'una cadena de transport electrònic, que contenen ferro en el seu centre catalític actiu, però de tipus no-hemo. Bloomfield i Bloch van mostrar que en aquesta conversió d'un enllaç simple a un de doble no s'introdueix cap molècula d'oxigen. La mescla feromonal de l'espècie plaga Spodoptera littoralis (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) és un exemple molt interessant de l'activitat d'aquests enzims donat que presenta una delta-11 dessaturasa que transforma l'àcid palmític en l'àcid (Z)-11-hexadecenoic i l'àcid mirístic en els àcids (E) i (Z)-11-tetradecenoics; una delta-9 dessaturasa que forneix l'àcid (Z,E)-9,11-tetradecadienoic a partir de l'isòmer E i una dessaturasa especial, una 1,4-dessaturasa, que transforma l'àcid (Z)-11-tetradecenoic en l'(E,E)-10,12-tetradecadienoic .
El present treball intenta aprofundir en l'estudi químic d'aquesta important família d'enzims, tant a nivell de criptoregioquímica (lloc inicial d'oxidació) com d'estereoquímica, mitjançant la síntesi de precursors deuterats adequats, ensems de realitzar estudis d'inhibició amb derivats ciclopropènics, tant alcohols com àcids grassos. Al mateix temps, es pretén dur a terme el clonatge i expressió funcional del cDNA que les codifica. Aquests estudis intentaran discernir si la 1,4-dessaturasa és la mateixa delta-9 dessaturasa o si es tracta de dos enzims totalment diferents.
Per altra banda es tracta d'aprofitar la delta-9 dessaturasa present al llevat S. cerevisiae per tal de produir d'una forma eficient i econòmica àcids grassos diènics conjugats d'alt valor afegit, com és el cas de l'àcid (Z,E)-9,11-octadecadienoic, el qual està descrit que posseeix una destacada activitat antitumoral en cultius cel·lulars. A més, d'optimitzar-se aquest sistema, també es podrien obtenir diverses estructures dièniques o eníniques presents en diferents complexos feromonals d'insectes plaga.
Un altre punt de la Tesi tracta de l'optimització d'un procediment sintètic de formació de derivats del coenzim A tot utilitzant la fase sòlida i la reacció de transtioesterificació.
Finalment, es pretén estudiar les característiques bioquímiques de les diferències fenotípiques trobades en les espécies plaga Thaumetopoea pityocampa (o processionària del pi) i Thaumetopoea processionea (o processionària del roure). La mescla feromonal d'ambdues espécies difereix únicament en la presència d'una acetilenasa i d'una reductasa altament específica en l'espécie parasitària del pi.
Scognamiglio, Valdir de Andrade. "Analise de um armazenador de calor sensivel tipo placa plana." [s.n.], 1990. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/263811.
Full textDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de CAmpinas, Faculdade de Engenharia de Campinas
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Resumo: Neste trabalho é apresentado um modelo para descrever o comportamento dinâmico de um armazenador de calor sensível em placas planas. O modelo físico é composto de um conjunto de placas planas eqüidistantes através do qual escoa fluido de trabalho. O modelo analítico é baseado na equação de conservação de energia para o fluido e na equação de condução de calor bidimensional para as placas armazenadoras. O modelo é resolvido usando a técnica de diferenças finitas para vários parâmetros geométricos e operacionais. Para verificar e confirmar os resultados numéricos foi projetado, construído, montado e instrumentado um modelo experimental que permite testar unidades modulares de armazenadores térmicos com condições operacionais ajustáveis. Resultados de experimentos nas mesmas condições de avaliação numérica foram feitos e comparados' com os resultados numéricos mostrando boa concordância. É incluído também neste trabalho uma análise técnica e econômica de um armazenador de calor em condições reais de trabalho para implantação imediata na indústria siderúrgica
Abstract: This work presents an analytical model to describe the dynamic behaviour of a sensible heat storage of parallel plate type. The physical mode! is composed of parallel of a set of thick parallel sheets arranged such that the transport fluid flows in between. The analytical model is based upon the equation of energy for the transport fluid and the two dimensional heat conduction equation for the solid plates together with the adequate boundary and initial conditions. The set of equations were solved numerically for different operational and geometrical parameters by using a finite difference scheme. In order to confirm the numerical results an experimental rig was designed, constructed and instrumented to test modular storage units under various operational conditions. Numerical results were compared with experiments and good agreement was found. It is included in this work a technical and economic analysis of a heat storage in real work's conditions to implant imediatelly in steel industry
Mestrado
Mestre em Engenharia Mecânica
Merino, Peñafiel Clemencia Oderay. "Efecto de los sustratos nutritivos en la producción y virulencia de Beauveria bassiana (Bálsamo) Vuillemin y Metarhizium anisopliae (Metschnikoff) Sorokin sobre un insecto plaga." Doctoral thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2017. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/6483.
Full textTesis
Falconí, Agapito Francesca. "Evaluación in vitro de hongos entomopatógenos como agentes potenciales para el control de Dysdercus peruvianus Guérin-Méneville 1831 (Hemíptera: Pirrhocoridae) plaga del cultivo del algodón." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2009. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/902.
Full textThe specie Dysdercus peruvianus commonly know as “cotton stainer” constitute one of de plagues of great importance in the cultivation of cotton because it cause losses estimated in 16% in Peru. The objective of this study was to isolated and to evaluated strains of entomopathogenic fungi as potential agents to the control of the “cotton stainer” under laboratory conditions. From the “cotton stainer” D. peruvianus (Hemiptera: Pirrhocoridae) naturally infected in the field, it were obtained 6 strains from Acremonium sp and 1 from Scopulariopsis sp. to determinate the pathogenicity and virulence on D. peruvianus one strain from genus Acremonium and another from Scopulariopsis were selected. Besides was tested an isolated from Beauveria sp. obtained from Schistocerca piceifrons peruviana (Orthoptera). Bioassays were performed on fourth instar nymphs of Dysdercus peruvianus and the conidial concentrations used were 3.7x108, 1.9x108, 9.4x107 conidia/mL to Beauveria sp, Acremonium sp and Scopulariopsis sp respectively. At these concentrations was found that the mortality percentage at twenty days after treatment was of 83.3%, 80% and 23.3% to Beauveria sp, Acremonium sp and Scopulariopsis sp respectively. The strain Beauveria sp showed more virulence against D. peruvianus since it reached the highest mortality (83.3%), whereas the strain Acremonium sp was the most aggressive on the insect, because when the lethality time was determined for the 50% (LT50) of the locust population, it needed only 3.8 days The fungus Scopulariopsis sp. to the concentration of conidia tested did not show an important mortality against the fourth instar nymphs of the “cotton stainer”.
Tesis
Carvalho, Filho Pedro. "Convecção natural em placa plana vertical com distribuição não uniforme de temperatura." [s.n.], 1987. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/265489.
Full textDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia de Campinas
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Resumo: Este trabalho analisa a convecção natural laminar em placa plana vertical sujeita a uma distribuição arbitrária de temperatura. Primeiramente, é feita uma transformação de variáveis nas equações diferenciais parciais que descrevem o fenômeno: conservação da massa, 29 lei de Newton e conservação da energia, reduzindo o sistema para duas equações diferenciais parciais acopladas. Para a solução destas equações, as derivadas em relação a uma das duas variáveis independentes são aproximadas por diferenças finitas, obtendo-se um sistema diferencial ordinário acoplado, que é resolvido por integração numérica pelo método de Adams-Moulton. Como há a necessidade de condições iniciais para a aplicação do método e o problema a ser resolvido é do tipo condição de contorno, são necessárias estimativas iniciais, tendo-se desenvolvido uma metodologia adequada para esta finalidade. Essas estimativas são corrigidas a cada passo da integração pelo método de Nachtsheim & Swigert. Os resultados são apresentados para diversos tipos de distribuição da temperatura na superfície da placa, incluindo-se casos de funções contínuas, com derivadas contínuas ou descontínuas, e de funções com descontinuidade
Abstract: A procedure has been developed for the analysis of laminar free convection from a vertical flat plate with an arbitrary temperature distribution. By applying appropriate variable transformation the governing mass conservation, momentum and energy equations are expressed as a set of coupled partial differential equations. This system is solved by approximating the derivatives related to one of the two independent variables finite differences, resulting in a set of coupled ordinary differential equations, that can be integrated by the Adams-Moulton method. An initial condition is necessary to apply this method to the problem, which is a boundary value problem, and a technique for such has been developed. The estimates are corrected at each step by the Nachtsheim & Swigert procedure. Computation can be performed for several temperature distributions, continuous and discontinuous functions being considered with or without discontinuities in their derivatives. Several result are presented and discussed
Mestrado
Mestre em Engenharia Mecânica
Litwinczik, Vítor. "Irradiação sonora de uma placa plana simplesmente apoiada revestida com material poroso." Florianópolis, SC, 2003. http://repositorio.ufsc.br/xmlui/handle/123456789/84514.
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Estruturas compostas por placas são comumente encontradas nas indústrias naval, aeroespacial, automobilística e mecânica, em geral. Esses elementos estruturais (placas) despertam grande interesse prático no controle do ruído pelo fato de serem responsáveis pela maior parcela do ruído irradiado em estruturas complexas. Isso se deve ao fato de possuírem grande densidade modal, dos modos de flexão, e por apresentarem grande energia vibratória, proporcionada pelos maiores valores de velocidade de vibração transversal. Dentre as várias formas de controle de ruído, destaca-se o revestimento da estrutura que permite reduzir o ruído principalmente em médias e altas freqüências. Este trabalho apresenta um estudo sobre irradiação sonora de uma placa plana simplesmente apoiada revestida com material poroso. Um modelo de propagação de ondas em materiais porosos, baseado na teoria de Biot, é apresentado. Tal modelo considera o esqueleto do material poroso como flexível, permitindo representar três tipos diferentes de ondas se propagando no material, duas longitudinais e uma transversal, além de representar o acoplamento entre as duas fases constituintes do material poroso. As propriedades características dos materiais necessárias para modelar os materiais porosos (porosidade, tortuosidade, resistividade ao fluxo, comprimentos característicos térmico e viscosos), bem como as propriedades mecânicas (módulos de elasticidade e cisalhamento) foram determinadas experimentalmente. O método experimental utilizado para obtenção da irradiação sonora (Fonoscopia) é apresentado. Esse método, baseado em conceitos de holografia acústica, possui a vantagem de poder determinar a pressão sonora e velocidade de superfície de uma estrutura plana simultaneamente com apenas um transdutor. Comparações entre dados experimentais e numéricos mostram que, considerando as dificuldades em reproduzir experimentalmente o problema proposto e as simplificações assumidas para facilitar a modelagem dos materiais porosos, o modelo utilizado apresenta-se como uma boa ferramenta para predição do comportamento de placas planas revestidas. Concluiu-se também que o procedimento experimental utilizado pode ser sistematizado para determinar a dependência em freqüência das propriedades mecânicas dos materiais porosos.
Oliveira, Paulo Cesar. "Convecção natural em placa plana vertical imersa em agua com propriedades variaveis." [s.n.], 1990. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/265361.
Full textDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Mecanica
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Resumo: Esse trabalho tem por objetivo descrever o comportamento de um escoamento laminar em regime permanente de água aquecida ou resfriada por uma placa plana vertical, submetida a fluxo de calor uniforme, levando-se em consideração a variação das propriedades com a temperatura. É empregado um esquema numérico por diferenças finitas uma vez que não é possível sua resolução por similaridade. Devido ao acoplamento das equações de governo e as não-linearidades presentes, utiliza-se um método de relaxação que consiste na introdução de pseudo-transíentes nas equações de conservação da quantidade de movimento e energia o algoritmo é testado em problemas que possuem solução por similaridade apresentando (exceto no inicio da placa) erros inferiores a 2%
Abstract: Not informed.
Mestrado
Mestre em Engenharia Mecânica
Tarrillo, Colchado Jeison Paul. "Aplicación móvil híbrida aplicando análisis jerárquico para apoyar el proceso de control de la plaga Diatraea saccharalis en la producción de la caña de azúcar." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Católica Santo Toribio de Mogrovejo, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12423/2341.
Full textSilva, Daniel dos Santos. "Desenvolvimento de uma ferramenta computacional para dimensionamento de coletores solares de placa plana." Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos, 2012. http://www.repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/4315.
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O uso da energia solar, como alternativa energética renovável, tem tomado um destaque fundamental no cenário mundial. Em especial, esse tipo de energia utilizado para aquecimento de água, tanto para uso doméstico como industrial representa um mercado mundial com crescimento em torno de 15% ao ano. No Brasil, esse crescimento deve-se, principalmente, aos programas habitacionais patrocinados pelo governo federal, além dos apelos cada vez mais fortes no sentido de buscar-se uma sustentabilidade energética e de economia através da diminuição do consumo de eletricidade e gás. Um sistema de aquecimento de água com energia solar é composto basicamente por coletor e reservatório térmico. Esses dois componentes representam quase a totalidade dos custos de instalação e isso ocorre principalmente em função dos materiais utilizados (cobre, alumínio e aço inoxidável) e dos processos de fabricação utilizados. Uma das formas para reduzir esses custos é a utilização de outros materiais mais baratos para a confecção de coletores e reservatórios e também de novos processos, mais ágeis e autômatos.Para contribuir com a solução desse problema, esse trabalho apresentará o desenvolvimento de uma ferramenta computacional que facilite a avaliação do rendimento térmico de diferentes composições de coletores solares de placa plana. Essa ferramenta foi desenvolvida sobre a plataforma EES (Engineering Equation Solver), pela sua facilidade de implementação, disponibilidade de funções de propriedades térmicas de fluidos, materiais e de escoamento. O programa segue um modelamento matemático baseado na teoria de Hottel-Bliss_Whillier e permite a entrada de dados relacionados aos parâmetros construtivos do coletor, como diâmetro dos tubos e espaçamento, espaçamento absorvedor-cobertura, material dos tubos, material da placa coletora e espessuras, material da cobertura e espessuras de isolamento, além de variáveis ambientais. Como dados de saída o programa fornece o desempenho térmico do coletor, calor útil, perdas térmicas, temperatura de estagnação, entre outros dados fundamentais de projeto. Os modelos matemáticos adotados na construção do programa foram validados através do confronto dos resultados calculados com dados obtidos experimentalmente em testes realizados pelo Test Center for Thermal Solar Systems do Fraunhofer Institut Solare Energie Systeme e pelo Institut für Thermodynamik und Wärmetechnik. Após a validação, a ferramenta é utilizada para avaliar o rendimento térmico de coletores com outros materiais construtivos, características óticas e termodinâmicas e também aspectos construtivos como a otimização do espaçamento de tubos, distanciamento entre cobertura e placa coletora, entre outros apresentados no capítulo quatro.
The use of solar energy as an alternative renewable energy, has taken a key highlight in the scene in different parts of the world. In particular, this type of energy used for heating water for domestic use becomes for a growing world market, mainly due to housing programs sponsored by the federal appeals beyond the increasingly strong in the sense of trying to achieve a sustainable energy and economy by reducing the consumption of electricity and gas. A system for heating water with solar energy is basically composed of collector and storage tank. These two components account for almost the entire cost of installation and this is mainly due to the materials (copper, aluminum and stainless steel) and the manufacturing processes used. One way to reduce these costs is the use of other cheaper materials for the manufacture of collectors. and reservoirs as well as new processes, more agile. To contribute to solving this problem, the present study the development of a software tool that facilitates the evaluation of the thermal efficiency of different compositions of flat plate solar collectors. This tool was developed on the platform EES (Engineering Equation Solver) for its ease of implementation, availability of functions of the thermal properties of fluids, materials and marketing.the program follows a mathematical model based on the theory of Hottel-Bliss_Whillier and allows entry of data related to the construction parameters of the collector, such as pipe diameter and spacing, spacing absorber-cover, the pipe material, the absorber material and thickness of material coverage and thickness of isolation and environmental variables. As output data the program provides the thermal performance of the collector, useful heat, thermal losses, stagnation temperature, and other fundamental data design.the mathematical models adopted in the construction of the program were validated by comparing the calculated results with data obtained experimentally by renowned research centers in Germany, as test center for thermal solar systems of Fraunhofer Institut Solare Systeme and Institut für Energie und Wärmetechnik Thermodynamik. After validation, the tool is used to evaluate the thermal performance of collectors with other building materials, optical characteristics and thermodynamic aspects of construction as well as the optimization of the spacing tubes, distance between absorber plate and cover, among others presented in chapter four.
Ureta, Sierra Cledy. "Estudio taxonómico de las larvas de Prodiplosis sp. (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) plaga clave del cultivo del espárrago utilizando como marcador la secuencia parcial citocromo oxidasa C sunb. I." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2014. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/11827.
Full textAnaliza las secuencias nucleotídicas parciales del gen citocromo oxidasa c subunidad I de larvas de Prodiplosis sp. colectadas en el cultivo del espárrago, en la provincia de Virú, departamento de la Libertad , para determinar su ubicación taxonómica a nivel de familia. Se logró amplificar una secuencia de 439 pb, para la región parcial del gen de citocromo oxidasa c sub. I, esta sección coincidió con las posiciones 1752 a 2190 del genoma mitocondrial de Drosophila yakuba. En el análisis del DNA de Prodiplosis sp. se obtuvo tres tipos de secuencias que se diferenciaron en 13 pb (439) determinadas como Haplotipos. La construcción del árbol filogenético por el método de Neighbor-Joining (NJ) confirmó que Prodiplosis sp. esta estrechamente relacionada con las otras especies de la familia Cecidomyiidae, por lo que se concluye de este estudio, que utilizando los iniciadores C1-J1751 y C1-N219 es posible amplificar la secuencia parcial del gen de citocromo oxidasa c sub. I en Prodiplosis sp. y constituye una herramienta muy útil para conocer su relación filogenética.
Tesis
Plaga, Ann-Christin [Verfasser], Oliver [Gutachter] Höffken, and Thomas [Gutachter] Müller. "Vergleichende Untersuchungen zur Conditioned Pain Modulation (CPM) mit Painful Cutaneous Electrical Stimulation (PCES) und Hitzeschmerz als Teststimuli an gesunden Probanden / Ann-Christin Plaga ; Gutachter: Oliver Höffken, Thomas Müller ; Medizinische Fakultät." Bochum : Ruhr-Universität Bochum, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1224683544/34.
Full textCruz, Santos Gedália. "Cambios ambientales y transformación del sistema tradicional de producción en el Bajo San Francisco Sergipano, y la perturbación de plaga de ratas en los arrozales del Perímetro Irrigado Betume (PIB)." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de València, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/90639.
Full textRESUMEN El Valle Bajo San Francisco Sergipano es una subregión del Nordeste de Brasil (NEB) y por largo tiempo ha sido un ejemplo de interacción entre sistema fluvial y humedal. Esta subregión fue sometida a cambios ambientales en los años 70, a través de la modificación del curso del río San Francisco por la construcción de la presa de "Sobradinho". Entre 1978 y 2015 en los perímetros irrigados del "VBSFS" se viene verificando una plaga de roedores a escala temporal irregular, mas a una misma escala espacial, donde las ratas atacan los cultivos del arroz en los "Perímetros Irrigados". Este estudio analiza la relación entre la plaga de ratas, los cambios ambientales en la región, los daños y el nuevo modelo de producción, y las condiciones climáticas las que están sometidas la NEB: el evento "El Niño" y las sequías regionales. Los resultados indicaron que la plaga de roedores ocurre a la misma escala temporal del evento "El Niño" y sequías en la NEB, mas su permanencia y daños en los cultivo se relaciona con la situación de impacto ambiental.
RESUM La Vall Bajo San Francisco Sergipano (VBSFS) és una de les subregions del nord-est de Brasil ("NEB"), i s'ha mantingut durant molt de temps com un exemple natural d'interacció entre els sistemes de rierols i planes d'inundació. Aquesta subregió realment va experimentar grans canvis ambientals en la dècada de 1970 amb una modificació del curs del riu San Francisco (SF) desencadenat per la construcció de la presa i l'embassament de "Sobradinho". Entre 1978 i 2015 en els perímetres de reg de la"VBSFS" s'han verificat brots de plagues de rosegadors amb una escala temporal irregular, però en la mateixa escala espacial, on les rates han atacat els camps d'arròs de regadiu. Aquest estudi analitza la relació entre els canvis ambientals a la regió, els danys en la cultura de l'arròs i el nou model productiu i les condicions climàtiques en relació amb el NEB: "El Niño" i seccions regionals periòdiques. Els resultats indiquen que la pesta de rosegadors es produeix en la mateixa escala temporal als esdeveniments "El Niño" i la sequera a la NEB, però la seua prevalença i dany en els camps d'arròs estan lligats a condicions d'impacte ambiental a la regió.
Cruz Santos, G. (2017). Cambios ambientales y transformación del sistema tradicional de producción en el Bajo San Francisco Sergipano, y la perturbación de plaga de ratas en los arrozales del Perímetro Irrigado Betume (PIB) [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/90639
TESIS
CASTRO, ALFREDO J. A. de. "Análise experimental de velocidade crítica em elemento combustível tipo placa plana para reatores nucleares de pesquisa." reponame:Repositório Institucional do IPEN, 2017. http://repositorio.ipen.br:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/28022.
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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)
Os elementos de combustível de um reator nuclear de pesquisa tipo MTR (\"Material Testing Reactor\") são, em sua grande maioria, formados por placas de combustível revestidas com alumínio contendo no cerne silicileto de urânio (U3Si2) disperso em matriz de alumínio. Essas placas possuem espessura da ordem de milímetros e comprimentos muito maiores em relação à sua espessura. Elas são dispostas paralelamente no conjunto que forma o elemento combustível, de maneira a formar canais entre elas com poucos milímetros de espessura, por onde escoa o fluido de refrigeração (água leve ou água pesada). Essa configuração, associada à necessidade de um escoamento com altas vazões para garantir o resfriamento das placas em operação, pode gerar problemas de falhas mecânicas das placas de combustível devido às vibrações induzidas pelo escoamento nos canais e, consequentemente, acidentes de proporções graves no caso de velocidade crítica que possa gerar o colapso das placas. Embora não haja ruptura das placas de combustível durante o colapso, as deflexões permanentes excessivas das placas podem causar bloqueio do canal de escoamento no núcleo do reator e levar ao superaquecimento nas placas. Para este trabalho, foram desenvolvidas uma bancada experimental com capacidade para altas vazões volumétricas (Q=100 m3/h) e uma seção de testes que simula um elemento combustível do tipo placa com três canais de resfriamento. A seção de testes foi construída com placas de alumínio e acrílico e foi instrumentada com sensores de deformação, sensores de pressão, um acelerômetro e um tubo de pitot. As dimensões da seção de testes foram baseadas nas dimensões do Elemento Combustível do Reator Multipropósito Brasileiro (RMB), cujo projeto está sendo coordenado pela Comissão Nacional de Energia Nuclear - CNEN. Os experimentos realizados alcançaram o objetivo de chegar à condição de velocidade crítica de Miller com o colapso das placas. A velocidade crítica foi atingida com 14,5 m/s levando a consequente deformação plástica das placas que formam o canal do escoamento. O canal central na entrada da seção de testes apresentou uma abertura de 3 mm em seu centro, causando um grande bloqueio do escoamento nos canais laterais. Este comportamento foi v constatado visualmente durante a desmontagem da seção de testes, ilustrado e discutido na análise de resultados apresentado neste trabalho. O bloqueio dos canais também foi observado por meio de gráficos de queda de pressão e por gráficos das deformações da entrada, centro e saída das placas contra a velocidade média da seção de testes. Observou-se uma queda da resistência hidráulica da seção de testes devido ao aumento da seção transversal de escoamento no canal central e um aumento exponencial das deformações quando da ocorrência da velocidade crítica. Comparativamente, o valor experimental obtido para velocidade crítica na seção de testes foi da ordem de 85% do valor obtido por cálculo com a expressão teórica de Miller. Os experimentos realizados permitiram um melhor entendimento da interação fluido estrutura em elementos de combustível tipo placa como: valores de frequências de vibrações naturais, instabilidade fluido elástica e desenvolvimento de técnicas para a detecção de valores de velocidade crítica.
Tese (Doutorado em Tecnologia Nuclear)
IPEN/T
Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares - IPEN-CNEN/SP
CNPq:481193/2012-0
Castro, Alfredo José Alvim de. "Análise experimental de velocidade crítica em elemento combustível tipo placa plana para reatores nucleares de pesquisa." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/85/85133/tde-23052017-160724/.
Full textThe fuel elements of a MTR (Material Testing Reactor) type nuclear reactor are mostly composed of aluminum-coated fuel plates containing the core of uranium silica (U3Si2) dispersed in an aluminum matrix. These plates have a thickness of the order of millimeters and are much longer in relation to their thickness. They are arranged in parallel in the assembly forming the fuel element to form channels between them a few millimeters in thickness, through which there is a flow of the coolant (light water or heavy water). This configuration, combined with the need for a flow at high flow rates to ensure the cooling of the fuel element in operation, may create problems of mechanical failure of fuel plate due to the vibration induced by the flow in the channels. In the case of critical velocity may cause collapse of the plates. Although there is no rupture of the fuel plates during collapse, excessive permanent deflections of the plates can cause blockage of the flow channel in the reactor core and lead to overheating in the plates. For this study were developed an experimental bench capable of high volume flows (Q = 100 m3/h) and a test section that simulates a plate-like fuel element with three cooling channels. The test section was constructed with aluminum and acrylic plates and was instrumented with straingauge sensors, pressure sensors, accelerometer and a tube of pitot. The dimensions of the test section were based on the dimensions of the Fuel Element of the Brazilian Multipurpose Reactor (RMB), whose project is being coordinated by the National Commission of Nuclear Energy (CNEN). The experiments performed attained the objective of reaching Miller\'s critical velocity condition with the collapse of the plates. The critical velocity was reached with 14.5 m/s leading to the consequent plastic deformation of the plates forming the flow channel. The central channel had a 3mm aperture in its center, causing a large blockage of the flow in the lateral channels. This behavior was observed visually during the disassembly of the test section, illustrated and discussed in the results analysis presented in this work. Blocking of the channels was also observed by means of graphs of pressure drop and graphs of the deformations of the entrance, center and exit of the plates against the average speed vii of the section of tests. It was observed a decrease of the hydraulic resistance of the section of tests due to the increase of the transversal section of flow in the central channel and an exponential increase of the deformations when the critical speed occurrence. Comparatively, the value obtained for critical velocity in the test section through the experiments was of the order of 85% of the value obtained by calculation with Miller\'s theoretical expression. The experiments allowed a better understanding of the structure fluid interaction in plate type fuel elements such as: natural vibration frequency values, elastic fluid instability and development of techniques for the detection of critical velocity values.
Tapia, Della Rosa Luis Eduardo. "Advección y Difusión de una Sustancia Escalar Pasiva en la Estela de una Placa Plana Bajo Forzamiento Externo." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2009. http://www.repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/103581.
Full textJemt, Gardell Emma, and Hannah Racklin. "Från plagg till plagg." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Akademin för textil, teknik och ekonomi, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-10469.
Full textThe latest decades have shown a large increase in textile consumption as a result of demand, at the same time the textile recycling today is almost non-existent. This means that much of the textiles are used for landfill rather than being recycled, which generates a large waste of raw material that could be used to create new textiles. By exploring various recycling methods and processes this raw material could be used again. This thesis is part of a research project, “From Waste To Gold”, which is led by the research institute Swerea IVF. The research projects foundation is to minimize production waste and to increase its value in areas such as textile industries. This thesis’ foundation is to examine the mechanical recycling of garments made by polyamide 6.6 (PA6.6) and spandex, melt spin filaments and produce injection moulded samples from this new polymer blend, without separating the fibres. The other foundation is to find a solution for the products that are examined in this thesis so they could be recycled as a unit, no disassembly of the products would be necessary Four different garments was examined in this thesis, the materials were a combination of PA6.6 and spandex. Different analyses were made on the four different garments. Whole garments from the different materials were cut or milled and then re melted through compounding, after compounding granulates was made. The materials spin ability was tested through melt spinning trials, then the materials were either melt spun or injection moulded. The results from the spinning trials was analysed in a light microscope to examine if the spandex were thermoplastic or not, as this is a crucial factor when melt spinning. Various tests were conducted to analyse their chemical degradation after the compounding. The results from the melt spinning and injection moulding showed that it was not possible to recycle this polymer combination this way. An assumption can be made that the recycling methods did not work because of the high melt temperature of PA6.6, the spandex assumes to decompose at this high temperature and therefore destroys the material. The conclusion is that melt spinning and injection moulding is not possible to conduct with this polymer combination, but recycling to plastic details could be done at the compound stage and then be used in some other industry, not in the textile industry. There are potential for garment-to-garment recycling if changes are made during the recycling processes and if the spandex could be identified as a thermoplastic or a non-thermoplastic.
Teixeira, Fabíola Marchezini. "Influência da intensidade de carregamento e utilização de placa oclusal plana em supraestruturas metálicas parafusadas sobre implantes: estudo fotoelástico." Universidade de Taubaté, 2010. http://www.bdtd.unitau.br/tedesimplificado/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=420.
Full textAim: To assess using qualitative photoelastic studies the tensions generated in the long axis of the implants and interimplants in the cervical, middle and apical regions when subjected to different loads with or without interposition of occlusal splint flat. Methods: Four photoelastic models were fabricated with two external hexagon implants (Neodent) located in the space corresponding to the second premolar and molar inferiors. In each model, screw-retained metal superstructures were installed on the implants. Photoelastic models were positioned in the circular polariscope for distribution of isochromatic fringes around the implants. Photographic records were obtained before and after application of different types of loading: 1- 30kg without plate; 2- 30kg with plate; 3- 60kg without plate; 4- 60kg with plate; 5- 90kg without plate; 6- 90kg with plate. Results: After the analysis, the presence of tension in the models without the application of occlusal load after torque application (20Ncm) was observed. The decrease in stress with the application of the occlusal splint flat became more evident after the application of 60kg load. Generally, the major stress magnitude occurred in the cervical region for interimplant areas and in the apical region around implants, with a decrease of 57,77%, between the three magnitudes of loads applied after use of plate. Conclusions: The data obtained in this studies demonstrate that the best stress distribution in the implants is obtained by interposing occlusal splint flat, with the application of a 60kg load, and a decrease of 66,66%.
Barroso, Carlos Daniel Braga Girão. "Modelagem matemática da transferência de calor numa placa plana sob o efeito de uma fonte pontual externa de radiação térmica." Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, 2008. http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=5809.
Full textEste trabalho apresenta uma modelagem matemática para o processo de aquecimento de um corpo exposto a uma fonte pontual de radiação térmica. O resultado original que permite a solução exata de uma equação diferencial parcial não linear a partir de uma seqüência de problemas lineares também é apresentado. Gráficos gerados com resultados obtidos pelo método de diferenças finitas ilustram a solução do problema proposto.
This work presents a mathematical model for the heating process on a body exposed to a punctual source of thermal radiation. An original result, that allows the construction of the exact solution for a non-linear partial differential equation by solving a sequence of linear problems, is also presented. Graphic images generated from the results obtained through the Finite Difference Method illustrate the solution of the proposed problem.
Saraiva, Luis Edson. "Estudo de criticalidade da placa plana por métodos analíticos de solução das aproximações Pn e Sn da equação do transporte." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/135034.
Full textThis work is a comparative study about different methods oi solution of the Neutron Transport Equation applied to the critical slab problem. Results obteined at the first time by the recently developed LTPN and LTSN Methods to the critical slab problem are compared to those obteined by Case's Method and PN Method.
Lunelli, Roberto. "Solução da equação de transporte de fótons para uma placa plana heterogênea, modelo de multigrupo com núcleo de espalhamento de Klein-Nishina." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/2195.
Full textAlexandre, Márcio Eliel de Oliveira. "Algoritmo de diferenças finitas com variaveis primitivas em convencção natural, para placa plana vertical, aplicado a agua e ao ar com propriedades variaveis." [s.n.], 1995. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/263243.
Full textDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Mecãnica
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Resumo: O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar o comportamento dos fluidos água e ar com escoamento laminar e regime permanente em convecção natural em contato com uma placa plana vertical, considerando os casos de placa com temperatura constante e fluxo de calor constante com propriedades variáveis. O Método de Diferenças Finitas com variáveis primitivas é aplicado, usando uma abordagem de falso-transiente na equação da energia e da quantidade de movimento. O algoritmo foi testado para os seguintes casos com soluções de similaridade: placa isotérmica e placa com fluxo de calor constante para fluido com propriedades constantes e placa isotérmica para fluido com propriedades variáveis. Os erros obtidos foram da ordem de 2% ou menos em todo o domínio de cálculo, exceto no início da placa. O algoritmo foi usado no caso de placa com fluxo de calor constante e fluido com propriedades variáveis onde não há solução de similaridade
Abstract: The aim of the work is to analyse the behavior of the fluids water and air in laminar steady-state which natural convection flow around a vertical flat plate, considering both the uniform temperature and uniform heat flux cases and the variation of the properties with the temperature. The Finite Difference Method with the primitives variables is applied using a false transient approach in he energy and momentum equations. The algorithm was tested for following cases with similarity solutions: constant fluid properties with both isotherm and constant heat flux plate and variable properties with isotherm plate. The errors obtained were about of 2% ar less, in whole domain, except at the begining of the plate. The algorithm was used in the case of variable properties with uniform heat flux plate, which does not similarity solutions
Mestrado
Termica e Fluidos
Mestre em Engenharia Mecânica
Häfner, Claudia. "Heimischwerdung am La Plata : von der Deutschen Evangelischen La Plata Synode zur Iglesia Evangélica del Río de la Plata /." Berlin ; Münster : Lit, 2008. http://d-nb.info/991552040/04.
Full textFisher, Susan A. "A revitalization strategy for an urban shopping plaza : Graceland Plaza, Columbus, Ohio." Virtual Press, 2002. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1246475.
Full textDepartment of Landscape Architecture
Kloster, Gilmar. "NÚMEROS COMPLEXOS E GEOMETRIA PLANA." UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DE PONTA GROSSA, 2014. http://tede2.uepg.br/jspui/handle/prefix/1525.
Full textComplex numbers have applications both in mathematics and in other areas of knowledge. But in high school, at which time the student begins the study of this set of numbers, they are taught with emphasis on algebraic manipulations, leaving only the geometric applications reduced the representation of points in the complex plane. In many cases, even this geometric application is addressed. This work aims to address the set of complex numbers using the geometry, enhancing the visualization of some results in GeoGebra, to provide more meaningful to the student learning.
Os números complexos possuem aplicações tanto na matemática como em outras áreas do conhecimento. Porém no ensino médio, momento em que o aluno inicia o estudo deste conjunto numérico, eles são ensinados dando ênfase as manipulações algébricas, deixando as aplicações geométricas reduzidas apenas a representação de pontos no plano complexo. Em muitos casos, nem mesmo esta aplicação geométrica é abordada. Este trabalho tem por objetivo abordar o Conjunto dos Números complexos utilizando a geometria, valorizando a visualização de alguns resultados no GeoGebra, para proporcionar à aprendizagem mais significativa ao aluno.
Mendes, Cleiton Dias. "Demonstrações trigonométricas via geometria plana." Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2014. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/3981.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES
This work has been presented with some trigonometric connections statements only using plane geometry. This proceeding has been realized because we observed that a didactic book only presents algebraic statements. We wish in this way, presents to mathematics teachers and students in high or upper school, trigonometry statements identity using geometry. For this, It has been considered trigonometry cycle only in the first quadrant, given an angle such that α have any α ˂ 90°, extending the reasoning to the other quadrants.
O presente trabalho tem como objetivo apresentar as demonstrações de algumas relações trigonométricas utilizando somente a geometria plana. Este procedimento foi realizado visto que a maioria dos livros didáticos apresentam demonstrações quase que somente algébricas. Desejamos desta forma, apresentar aos professores e aos alunos de matemática do ensino médio e/ou superior, as demonstrações de identidades trigonométricas utilizando a geometria. Para isso foi considerado o ciclo trigonométrico apenas no primeiro quadrante, tal que dado um ângulo α qualquer temos α ˂ 90°, estendendo o raciocínio aos demais quadrantes.
MATTAR, NETO MIGUEL. "Elementos finitos simples de placa." reponame:Repositório Institucional do IPEN, 1989. http://repositorio.ipen.br:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/10274.
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Tese (Doutoramento)
IPEN/T
Escola Politecnica, Universidade de Sao Paulo - POLI/USP
Ríos, Flury Daniela de los. "Complejo comercial Plaza de Flores." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/315016.
Full textTesis
Bustamante, Moncada Ana Luisa. "La joyería mapuche en plata." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2006. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/101403.
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