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Journal articles on the topic 'Plague Epidemics Great Plague'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 8 February 2022

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1

Theilmann, John, and Frances Cate. "A Plague of Plagues: The Problem of Plague Diagnosis in Medieval England." Journal of Interdisciplinary History 37, no. 3 (2007): 371–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jinh.2007.37.3.371.

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Recent works by historians and biologists have called into doubt whether the great epidemic of 1348/49 in England was the plague. Examination of the biological evidence, however, shows their arguments to be faulty. The great epidemic of 1348/49 may have included other diseases, but it was clearly yersinia pestis.

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2

Earn, David J. D., Junling Ma, Hendrik Poinar, Jonathan Dushoff, and Benjamin M. Bolker. "Acceleration of plague outbreaks in the second pandemic." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 117, no. 44 (2020): 27703–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2004904117.

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Historical records reveal the temporal patterns of a sequence of plague epidemics in London, United Kingdom, from the 14th to 17th centuries. Analysis of these records shows that later epidemics spread significantly faster (“accelerated”). Between the Black Death of 1348 and the later epidemics that culminated with the Great Plague of 1665, we estimate that the epidemic growth rate increased fourfold. Currently available data do not provide enough information to infer the mode of plague transmission in any given epidemic; nevertheless, order-of-magnitude estimates of epidemic parameters sugges

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3

Woods, David. "Adomnán, plague and the Easter controversy." Anglo-Saxon England 40 (December 2011): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263675111000032.

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AbstractAdomnán's description (Vita Columbae II.46) of how the intercession of St. Columba preserved the Picts and the Irish in Britain alone among the peoples of western Europe against two great epidemics of bubonic plague is a coded defence of their use of the traditional Irish 84-year Easter table against the Dionysian Easter table as used throughout the rest of western Europe. His implication is that God sent the plagues to punish those who used the Dionysian table. Hence Adomnán still adhered to the 84-year table by the time that he composed the Vita Columbae c. 697. It probably took a th

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4

Boruszkowska, Iwona. "La mortelega grande, czyli „wielkie umieranie”. Zaraza jako katastrofa (w) wyobraźni." Konteksty Kultury 17, no. 3 (2020): 312–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4467/23531991kk.20.024.13138.

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Artykuł omawia dwa literackie przykłady reprezentacji epidemii: libretto młodopolskiego pisarza i krytyka Karola Irzykowskiego Zaraza w Bergamo (1897) oraz utwór przedstawiciela polskiego futuryzmu – Brunona Jasieńskiego Palę Paryż (1928), które ukazują tendencje do pesymistycznego ujmowania rzeczywistości poprzez metaforę zarazy. Autorka wskazuje, iż zainteresowanie twórców chorobą i epidemią jako tematem literackim powraca w momentach przełomów i kryzysów. Narracje o zarazie, pladze czy innym powszechnym zagrożeniu będą w literaturze modernistycznej i międzywojennej reprezentowały właśnie na

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5

Burgess, Wendy. "The Great White Plague and other epidemics: Lessons from early." Journal of Home Health Care Practice 6, no. 1 (1993): 12–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/108482239300600108.

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6

Yule, W. L. "A Scottish Doctor's Association with the Discovery of the Plague Bacdllus." Scottish Medical Journal 40, no. 6 (1995): 184–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/003693309504000609.

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Plague killed at least a quarter of the population of Europe in 1348.‘ This was the first wave of the epidemic known as ‘The Black Death’ which continued for two years and then recurred sporadically till the late 17th Century. In London in 1603, 22.6% of the population died from plague and in the outbreak known as The Great Plague of London in 1694 there were over 70,000 deaths out of a population of 460,000. Many English villages were completely wiped out at this time. Marseilles suffered severely in 1720. The next serious outbreak was in Canton in China in 1894, the disease spreading to Hong

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7

Enard, David, and Dmitri A. Petrov. "Ancient RNA virus epidemics through the lens of recent adaptation in human genomes." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 375, no. 1812 (2020): 20190575. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2019.0575.

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Over the course of the last several million years of evolution, humans probably have been plagued by hundreds or perhaps thousands of epidemics. Little is known about such ancient epidemics and a deep evolutionary perspective on current pathogenic threats is lacking. The study of past epidemics has typically been limited in temporal scope to recorded history, and in physical scope to pathogens that left sufficient DNA behind, such as Yersinia pestis during the Great Plague. Host genomes, however, offer an indirect way to detect ancient epidemics beyond the current temporal and physical limits.

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8

Abdel, Z. Zh, T. K. Erubaev, G. Zh Tokmurzieva, et al. "Demarcation of the Boundaries of the Central Asian Desert Natural Focus of Plague of Kazakhstan and Monitoring the Areal of the Main Carrier, Rhombomys opimus." Problems of Particularly Dangerous Infections, no. 2 (July 21, 2021): 71–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.21055/0370-1069-2021-2-71-78.

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The aim of the study was to clarify the boundaries of the Central Asian natural plague focus of Kazakhstan and the modern boundaries of the areal of the great gerbil (Rhombomys opimus) in order to improve epizootiological monitoring and increase the effectiveness of preventive (anti-epidemic) measures.Materials and methods. Data from the epizootiological monitoring of the great gerbil populations in 14 autonomous foci of the Central Asian desert natural plague focus in the Republic of Kazakhstan between 2010 and 2020 were used for the analysis. An epizootiologic survey of an area of 875350 km2

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9

Tauber, V. A. "“This time of God’s visitation”: Church of England and the London plague of 1563." Russian Journal of Church History 1, no. 3 (2020): 36–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.15829/2686-973x-2020-3-36.

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The article deals with the epidemic of plague which happened in London in 1563. It is studied through the lens of sources connected with the Church of England, namely, the documents establishing extraordinary services, special homily written and published in the same year, and the correspondence of ecclesiastical as well as secular authorities. This approach leads to the conclusions of how the plague was understood by theologians, which measures (both, spiritual and practical) were considered to be efficient, and how the epidemic reflected in the administrative practice of the English church.

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10

Ha, Sha. "Plague and Literature in Western Europe, from Giovanni Boccaccio to Albert Camus." International Journal of Comparative Literature and Translation Studies 9, no. 3 (2021): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.7575/aiac.ijclts.v.9n.3p.1.

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In medieval times the plague hit Europe between 1330 and 1350. The Italian novelist Giovanni Boccaccio, one of the exponents of the cultural movement of Humanism, in the introduction (proem) of his “Decameron” described the devastating effects of the ‘black plague’ on the inhabitants of the city of Florence. The pestilence returned to Western Europe in several waves, between the 16th and 17th centuries. William Shakespeare in “Romeo and Juliet” and other tragedies, and Ben Jonson in “The Alchemist” made several references to the plague, but they did not offer any realistic description of that

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11

BARRY, JONATHAN. "The organization of burial places in post-medieval English cities: Bristol and Exeter c. 1540–1850." Urban History 46, no. 04 (2018): 597–616. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0963926818000718.

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ABSTRACT:This article analyses the changing options for the provision of burial places between the Reformation and the mid-nineteenth century in two major provincial cities, Bristol and Exeter. The two cities experienced very different patterns of change, especially in their Anglican provision, reflecting medieval differences of organization as well as the differential impact of dissent. Common factors include the effect of epidemics (plague, cholera) and population pressure, but also great conservatism regarding use of inner-city burial places. The major changes are associated with the three

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12

Miller, Kathleen. "William Winstanley’s Pestilential Poesies in The Christians Refuge: Or Heavenly Antidotes Against the Plague in this Time of Generall Contagion to Which is Added the Charitable Physician (1665)." Medical History 55, no. 2 (2011): 241–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025727300005780.

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During the Great Plague of London (1665), William Winstanley veered from his better known roles as arbiter of success and failure in his works of biography or as a comic author under the pseudonym Poor Robin, and instead engaged with his reading audience as a plague writer in the rare book The Christians Refuge: Or Heavenly Antidotes Against the Plague in this Time of Generall Contagion to Which is Added the Charitable Physician (1665). From its extensive paratexts, including a table of mortality statistics and woodcut of king death, to its temporal and providential interpretation of the disea

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13

Smertin, Yuriy Grigor’evich. "The Great Manchurian Plague of 1910-1911: Epidemic with Chinese Specifics." Manuskript, no. 1 (January 2021): 98–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.30853/mns210009.

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14

Miller, Ian. "The last Irish plague: the great flu epidemic in Ireland, 1918–19." Irish Studies Review 20, no. 3 (2012): 333–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09670882.2012.695614.

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15

Holmes, F. "The Last Irish Plague: The Great Flu Epidemic in Ireland 1918-19." Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences 66, no. 4 (2011): 589–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jhmas/jrr037.

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16

Holmes, F. "The Great Manchurian Plague of 1910-1911: The Geopolitics of an Epidemic Disease." Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences 68, no. 3 (2012): 490–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jhmas/jrs069.

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17

Caffrey, P. J. "The Great Manchurian Plague of 1910-1911: The Geopolitics of an Epidemic Disease." Environmental History 19, no. 1 (2013): 119–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/envhis/emt109.

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18

Turenko, Vitalii. "EPIMENIDES VS EMPEDOCLES: how early greek philosophers fought еpidemics". Filosofska dumka (Philosophical Thought) -, № 4 (2020): 39–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/fd2020.04.039.

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The article attempts to highlight the development of the unity of medicine and philosophy in the context of combating epidemics of two early Greek thinkers Epimenides and Empedocles. The idea that Epimenides adheres to the divine origin of the disease is justified, but at the same time, in the process of ritual purification from the plague, it attracts elements of the Pythagorean view of healing, as well as close to Indo-Iranian traditions of the time. It is proved that in the course of the development of ancient thought, the view of the disease also evolves “from myth to logos”, which leads t

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19

Johnson, Niall. "Catriona Foley,The Last Irish Plague: The Great Flu Epidemic in Ireland 1918—19." Social History of Medicine 25, no. 3 (2012): 729–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/shm/hks023.

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20

Sz. Kristóf, Ildikó. "“His Soul Is Weeping inside That He Cannot Bury the Dead as before.” Plague and Rebellion in Debrecen (Hungary), 1739–1742." Religions 11, no. 12 (2020): 687. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rel11120687.

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This is a historical anthropological study of a period of social and religious tensions in a Calvinist city in the Kingdom of Hungary in the first half of the 18th century. The last and greatest plague epidemic to devastate Hungary and Transylvania between cca. 1738 and 1743 led to a clash of different opinions and beliefs on the origin of the plague and ways of fighting it. Situated on the Great Hungarian Plain, the city of Debrecen saw not only frequent violations of the imposed lockdown measures among its inhabitants but also a major uprising in 1739. The author examines the historical sour

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21

Zhang, Qingmeng, Yan Liu, Pavel E. Ratmanov, and Fengmin Zhang. "Pneumonic Plague Epidemic in Northeast China 1910–1911 and Dr. Wu Lien-Teh’s Great Contribution." Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Medicine 13, no. 2 (2018): 207–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/11701/spbu11.2018.208.

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22

Killingray, David. "The Last Irish Plague: The Great Flu Epidemic in Ireland 1918–19 (review)." Bulletin of the History of Medicine 86, no. 1 (2012): 138–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/bhm.2012.0009.

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23

Caldwell, John C., and Pat Caldwell. "Toward an Epidemiological Model of AIDS in Sub-Saharan Africa." Social Science History 20, no. 4 (1996): 559–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0145553200017570.

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The outbreak of AIDS around the world in the last 15 or 20 years is usually referred to as the “AIDS epidemic,” or occasionally “pandemic” (Grmek 1990). These terms have no great analytic value. The major medical dictionaries and epidemiological textbooks define an epidemic merely as an outbreak of a disease marked by a greater number of cases than usual (see Fox et al. 1970: 246–49; Mausner and Bahn 1974: 22, 272–77;Stedman’s Medical Dictionary1977: 470; Kelsey et al. 1986: 212; Walton et al. 1986: 351; Harvard 1987: 247). This condition is contrasted with the endemic form of a disease at “it

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24

Benedict, Carol A. "The Great Manchurian Plague of 1910–1911: The Geopolitics of an Epidemic Disease by William C. Summers." Bulletin of the History of Medicine 87, no. 4 (2013): 701–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/bhm.2013.0077.

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25

Gao, Mengxu, Qun Li, Chunxiang Cao, and Juanle Wang. "Spatial distribution and ecological environment analysis of great gerbil in Xinjiang Plague epidemic foci based on remote sensing." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 17 (March 18, 2014): 012265. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/17/1/012265.

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26

YU, Xinzhong, and Wang XU. "The new plague on the eve of a great change: China’s cholera epidemic in the early nineteenth century." Journal of Modern Chinese History 14, no. 2 (2020): 205–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17535654.2020.1855851.

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27

Auns, Muntis. "Ventspils apkārtnes apdzīvojums 17.–18. gadsimtā." Sabiedrība un kultūra: rakstu krājums = Society and Culture: conference proceedings, no. XXIII (August 16, 2021): 20–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.37384/sk.2021.23.020.

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The article deals with questions relating to the settlement in the area of Ventspils. Attention is gi-ven to environmental factors that could have had a greater or lesser influence on the settlement structure. The stream bank erosion along the River Venta had a relatively small impact on populated areas, while the wind erosion (sand deposition) caused the individual farms as well as villages to be abandoned. The Great Plague epidemic of 1710 was particularly devastating in the Ventspils area, during which about 40% of farms disappeared and most of them were not restored until the end of the 18

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AHMED, N. ZAHEER, DICKY JOHN DAVIS, NOMAN ANWAR, et al. "In-Silico Evaluation of Tiryaq-E-Wabai, an Unani Formulation for its Potency against SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein and Main Protease." Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics 11, no. 4-S (2021): 86–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v11i4-s.4993.

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COVID-19 was originated in Wuhan, China, in December 2019 and has been declared a pandemic disease by WHO. The number of infected cases continues unabated and so far, no specific drug approved for targeted therapy. Hence, there is a need for drug discovery from traditional medicine. Tiryaq-e-Wabai is a well-documented formulation in Unani medicine for its wide use as prophylaxis during epidemics of cholera, plague and other earlier epidemic diseases. The objective of the current study is to generate in-silico evidence and evaluate the potency of Tiryaq-e-Wabai against SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) glyc

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Mustehasan, ,., Misbahuddin Azhar, Sofia Naushin, and Mahe Alam. "Zahar Mohra (Bezoar) an Alexipharmic Unani Mineral Drug: Review." Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics 10, no. 6 (2020): 236–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v10i6.4395.

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Rhazes (855-925 AD) the great scholar of Unani System Medicine (USM), initially classified Materia Medica according to animal, mineral and plant origin. Zahar Mohra is a Greenish white, good‑looking mineral stone with a slippery feel having a good smell and taste obtained from mines. In USM it is considered to be a universal antidote. The great Unani Scholar Yuhannā Māsawayh (777-857 AD), was one of the first physicians who mentioned the medicinal uses of Zahar Mohra. In Unani Medicine it is used to treat epidemic diseases such as Haiza (Cholera), Tawoon (Plague), as an antidote for different

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Dangore-Khasbage, Suwarna. "Epidemics and Pandemics in India Since 20th Century - A Brief Review." Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences 10, no. 33 (2021): 2830–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.14260/jemds/2021/576.

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The outbreak of an infectious disease and its spread beyond geographic boundaries which leads to a high mortality is declared as pandemic. The factors responsible for pandemic are globalization and travel of people across the world for education, employment, business etc. On March 11, 2020 the corona virus outbreak was declared as pandemic by the World Health Organization. Nevertheless, India was one of the countries affected by the coronavirus outbreak. This article describes the epidemics and pandemics in India since 20th century. But, India was a sufferer of few serious pandemics even befor

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Trushin, M. V. "Medical Microbiology on the Pages of “Scientific Notes of Kazan University” (Chronicle of 1879)." Prepodavatel XXI vek, no. 2, 2020 (2020): 284–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.31862/2073-9613-2020-2-284-303.

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The journal “Scientific notes of Kazan University” (the name was changing slightly at different times) has more than two centuries of history and has always been published as an interdisciplinary publication. The content of the journal included reports on the Humanities and Natural Sciences. The works of Kazan physicians published there have always enjoyed special interest due to their great practical significance: the issues of combating various infectious diseases (cholera, plague, tuberculosis, measles, and others) were often covered on the pages of “Scientific notes”. In this respect 1879

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Yanovich, E. G., and E. A. Moskvitina. "Epidemiological Risks: Importance when Zoning Administrative Territories and Activating the Epidemic Process during Infectious Diseases." Epidemiology and Vaccinal Prevention 18, no. 6 (2020): 81–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.31631/2073-3046-2019-18-6-81-89.

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Along with the theoretical concepts and definitions of risk adopted in the epidemiological analysis of infectious diseases, the identification of «risk areas» is of great importance.The aim is to show the role of risk factors when determining the «risk areas» and in the genesis of complications of the epidemiological situation. Taking into account the multifactorial nature of the epidemic process under infectious diseases, we describe the risks used in zoning of natural focal particularly dangerous (plague, tularemia, anthrax, Ebola virus disease, Yellow fever); arbovirus (Crimean-Congo haemor

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33

Arnold, David. "DEATH AND THE MODERN EMPIRE: THE 1918–19 INFLUENZA EPIDEMIC IN INDIA." Transactions of the Royal Historical Society 29 (November 1, 2019): 181–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0080440119000082.

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ABSTRACTIn India the 1918–19 influenza pandemic cost at least twelve million lives, more than in any other country; it caused widespread suffering and disrupted the economy and infrastructure. Yet, despite this, and in contrast to the growing literature on recovering the ‘forgotten’ pandemic in other countries, remarkably little was recorded about the epidemic in India at the time or has appeared in the subsequent historiography. An absence of visual evidence is indicative of a more general paucity of contemporary material and first-hand testimony. In seeking to explain this absence, it is arg

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Engelmann, Lukas. "Configurations of Plague." Social Analysis 63, no. 4 (2019): 89–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/sa.2019.630405.

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Diagrams are found at the heart of the modern history of epidemiology. Epidemiologists used spatial diagrams to visualize concepts of epidemics as arrangements of biological, environmental, historical, as well as social factors and to analyze epidemics as configurations. Often, they provided a representation of the networks of relationships implied by epidemics, rather than to offer conclusions about origin and causation. This article will look at two spatial diagrams of plague across a period in which an epidemiological way of reasoning stood in stark contrast to arguments provided about plag

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Јовановић, Владимир. "БОРБА ПРОТИВ КОЛЕРЕ У СРБИЈИ КРАЈЕМ 19. ВЕКА STRUGGLE AGAINST CHOLERA IN SERBIA IN THE LATE 19TH CENTURY". Историјски часопис, № 69/2020 (30 грудня 2020): 349–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.34298/ic2069349j.

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Епидемије су одувек представљале велику опасност по човечанство, како својом непредвидивом појавом, тако и великим људским жртвама које су изазивале. Свакако најопаснија болест која је десетковала становништво током претходних векова била је куга, позната у литератури и као црна смрт. Ништа мање опасна није била ни колера, која је представљала болест урбаних средишта, преношена употребом загађене воде. Овај рад посвећен је анализи развоја здравственог система у Србији, као и начинима борбе против епидемије колере током 19. века. Настојање српских званичника да спрече појаву епидемије колере на

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36

Benedictow, O. J. "Morbidity in Historical Plague Epidemics." Population Studies 41, no. 3 (1987): 401–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0032472031000142976.

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37

Malleck, Dan. "The Great Plague." History: Reviews of New Books 28, no. 3 (2000): 116–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03612759.2000.10525481.

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38

Mahammadh, Vempalli Raj. "Plague Mortality and Control Policies in Colonial South India, 1900–47." South Asia Research 40, no. 3 (2020): 323–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0262728020944293.

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Focused on colonial South India, this article presents and assesses detailed archival records of public health measures in response to plague outbreaks between 1900 and 1947. Starting in 1897 in the Madras Presidency, the colonial government strictly implemented anti-plague measures and introduced various health schemes and medical policies for plague prevention. However, despite partly vigorous government efforts, plague outbreaks could not be fully controlled. In the twentieth and twenty-first centuries, the plague remains among South Asia’s most feared epidemics, with an outbreak in Surat i

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Santacroce, Luigi, Lucrezia Bottalico, Skender Topi, Francesca Castellaneta, and Ioannis A. Charitos. "The “Scourge of the Renaissance”. A Short Review About Treponema pallidum infection." Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets 20, no. 3 (2020): 335–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1871530319666191009144217.

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Background: There is not a time in the history when epidemics did not loom large: infectious diseases have always had civilisation and evolution-altering consequences. Throughout history, there have been a number of pandemics: cholera, bubonic plague, influenza, smallpox are some of the most brutal killers in human history. Historical accounts of pandemics clearly demonstrate that war, unhygienic conditions, social and health inequality create conditions for the transmission of infectious diseases, and existing health disparities can contribute to unequal morbidity and mortality. The Renaissan

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Nakaya, Tomoki, Kazumasa Hanaoka, and Shohei Nagata. "Space-time mapping of historical plague epidemics in modern Osaka, Japan." Abstracts of the ICA 1 (July 15, 2019): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/ica-abs-1-267-2019.

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<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> In modern times Japan, large-scale epidemics of infectious diseases such as cholera and plague were repeatedly introduced from major cities with ports. Osaka, along with Kobe, is the earliest city in the country to have plague epidemics at that age. To consider the counter measures of such epidemics, epidemic reports were often edited to record the details of the epidemic trends with individual records of infected persons. In case of the plague epidemics in Osaka city, the three-volume set of the Second Osaka Prefectural Report of Plague Epidemic

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Ell, Stephen R. "Iron in Two Seventeenth-Century Plague Epidemics." Journal of Interdisciplinary History 15, no. 3 (1985): 445. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/204140.

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Mead, Paul. "Epidemics of plague past, present, and future." Lancet Infectious Diseases 19, no. 5 (2019): 459–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1473-3099(18)30794-1.

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Capitanio, Joshua. "Epidemics and Plague in Premodern Chinese Buddhism." Asian Medicine 16, no. 1 (2021): 177–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15734218-12341489.

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Abstract Buddhist scriptures describe the rise of epidemics as a cosmological inevitability and prescribe a variety of methods for preventing and treating epidemic diseases, which focus mainly on purifying negative karma and exorcizing the supernatural beings responsible for their spread. As these ideas were transmitted to China, Chinese Buddhists assimilated them to indigenous beliefs that also portrayed epidemics as retribution for nonvirtuous behavior, enacted by ghostly agents.

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Lewnard, Joseph A., and Jeffrey P. Townsend. "Climatic and evolutionary drivers of phase shifts in the plague epidemics of colonial India." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 113, no. 51 (2016): 14601–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1604985113.

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Immune heterogeneity in wild host populations indicates that disease-mediated selection is common in nature. However, the underlying dynamic feedbacks involving the ecology of disease transmission, evolutionary processes, and their interaction with environmental drivers have proven challenging to characterize. Plague presents an optimal system for interrogating such couplings:Yersinia pestistransmission exerts intense selective pressure driving the local persistence of disease resistance among its wildlife hosts in endemic areas. Investigations undertaken in colonial India after the introducti

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Dean, Katharine R., Fabienne Krauer, Lars Walløe, et al. "Human ectoparasites and the spread of plague in Europe during the Second Pandemic." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 115, no. 6 (2018): 1304–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1715640115.

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Plague, caused by the bacterium Yersinia pestis, can spread through human populations by multiple transmission pathways. Today, most human plague cases are bubonic, caused by spillover of infected fleas from rodent epizootics, or pneumonic, caused by inhalation of infectious droplets. However, little is known about the historical spread of plague in Europe during the Second Pandemic (14–19th centuries), including the Black Death, which led to high mortality and recurrent epidemics for hundreds of years. Several studies have suggested that human ectoparasite vectors, such as human fleas (Pulex

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Ferreira, Carlos Miguel, Sandro Serpa, and Jorge Ferraz. "Pestis: The Collective Challenges of Epidemics." Academic Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies 10, no. 3 (2021): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.36941/ajis-2021-0059.

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Currently, COVID-19 is perceived as an epidemic, a new «plague», referring to the matrix metaphor of the pestis expressed in the series contagion – death – fear – isolation. This article aims to understand the multiple collective challenges posed by plague epidemics. The analysis of these challenges may contribute to the reflection on several dimensions that shape the COVID-19 pandemic threat. Individuals interpret the different pasts aiming to solve the problems they face in the present. The collective challenges that the political and medical «management» of the plague place are shaped by ci

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Gibbons, Katie, Karen S. Karp, and Fred Dillon. "Epidemics, Exponential Functions, and Modeling." Mathematics Teaching in the Middle School 21, no. 2 (2015): 90–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.5951/mathteacmiddscho.21.2.0090.

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Krauer, Fabienne, Hildegunn Viljugrein, and Katharine R. Dean. "The influence of temperature on the seasonality of historical plague outbreaks." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 288, no. 1954 (2021): 20202725. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2020.2725.

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Modern plague outbreaks exhibit a distinct seasonal pattern. By contrast, the seasonality of historical outbreaks and its drivers has not been studied systematically. Here, we investigate the seasonal pattern, the epidemic peak timing and growth rates, and the association with latitude, temperature, and precipitation using a large, novel dataset of plague- and all-cause mortality during the Second Pandemic in Europe and the Mediterranean. We show that epidemic peak timing followed a latitudinal gradient, with mean annual temperature negatively associated with peak timing. Based on modern tempe

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Ayalon, Yaron. "Plague, Psychology, and Religious Boundaries in Ottoman Anatolia." Turkish Historical Review 9, no. 1 (2018): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18775462-00901004.

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This article examines evidence from plague outbreaks in Ottoman Anatolia and its environs in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. It argues that psychological rather than religious factors explained people’s reactions to calamities such as plague epidemics. Ottoman archival and European accounts of responses to plague outbreaks indicate confessional boundaries between Muslims and non-Muslims were rather fluid, thus undermining previous explanations that tied responses to plague to people’s affiliation with a religious group. Recent psychological studies on modern reactions to disasters he

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Sinclair, Heather M. "White Plague, Mexican Menace." Pacific Historical Review 85, no. 4 (2016): 475–505. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/phr.2016.85.4.475.

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This article examines a debate that emerged in El Paso, Texas at the turn of the twentieth century surrounding the transmission of pulmonary tuberculosis from predominantly Anglo American migrants to the city’s ethnic Mexican population. Reports of Anglo-to-Mexican infections came from cities and towns throughout the U.S. Southwest, but by 1915 El Paso had emerged as the epicenter of the debate. Using popular and professional sources, the article tracks a shift in dominant perceptions of tubercular contagion from an association with white bodies to Mexican ones. An early narrative casts the Me

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