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Journal articles on the topic 'Plane truss'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Huang, Ju Hua. "Determination of Internal Forces of Complex Plane Truss." Applied Mechanics and Materials 543-547 (March 2014): 3990–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.543-547.3990.

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Further discussion of internal force calculation for the plane truss is made in this paper. The internal force of simple truss can be calculated with node method, according to the composition order of the truss. The internal force of joint truss can be calculated according to the composition rules of two or three rigid bodies. The internal force of complex truss requires the comprehensive judgment flexibly according to node method, cross section method and zero pole in special position and the symmetry of structure.

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2

Shabaldin, A. P., and N. V. Kharinova. "Study of stresses in plane truss nodes." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 962 (November 18, 2020): 022057. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/962/2/022057.

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3

Alizadeh, Saeid, Gregory A. MacRae, Des Bull, and George Charles Clifton. "Floor Diaphragm In-Plane Modelling Using Elastic Truss Elements." Key Engineering Materials 763 (February 2018): 549–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.763.549.

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Different methods to model building floor diaphragm in-plane stiffness with truss elements are compared to identify the method most suitable for analysis in design. The methods considered include (i) an elastic diagonal truss element model, and (ii) an elastic diamond truss element model. The truss elements were placed in square blocks and are compared with FEM in terms of stiffness and capturing beam axial forces. It was found that diagonal model transferred some part of diaphragm force directly to the column. The diamond framework superior because it was less sensitive to mesh size, gives a more accurate stiffness with a lower number of elements and a more accurate beam axial force. Furthermore, it better provides information in a better format for design.

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4

Makunza, John k. "Program for the Analysis of Plane Trusses." Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology 30, no. 1 (June 30, 2007): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.52339/tjet.v30i1.392.

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The ‘TRAP - TRuss Analysis Program’ can assist engineers in the analysis of plane truss-type structures, as well asprove an excellent basis for understanding the “finite – element” method. The Program is completely menu-driven, withall nodes, elements, and load data entered through an input file. TRAP includes plotting for displaying the truss geometryin its original shape showing all nodes and support points. In the analysis process, firstly the structure data; e.g numberof nodes, elements, materials and supports are to be defined. Secondly, element properties and support constraints haveto be specified. Finally, nodal global loads are then defined. The program output include; displacements for each node,axial forces, length of each element and reactions at the supports.The program aims at reducing the time of analysis and increase the accuracy of calculations as well as storage of theanalysed data. The program caters for manual methods of truss analysis such as method of sections or joint method. Ithas been found that the program is efficient and has no limitations on the number of nodes and elements. The program is suitable for use by design engineers in analysing Plane – Trusses of any size.

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5

Jia, Yu Zhuo, and Yi Xuan Wang. "Large Span Double Truss Lateral Stability Analysis." Applied Mechanics and Materials 680 (October 2014): 171–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.680.171.

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The effects of large-span truss geometry of the double-plane stable orthogonal design. The use of finite element analysis software Midas double space truss were linear buckling analysis and nonlinear buckling analysis, research process and through its buckling load - examine issues outside of the structure of the plane stable displacement curve. For double truss draw some outside reference plane stability study conclusions.

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6

Li, Hui Jun, and Zheng Zhong Wang. "Research on System Reliability of Plane Steel Truss." Applied Mechanics and Materials 351-352 (August 2013): 1616–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.351-352.1616.

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More and more attentions are paid on reliability and sensitivity of space structure in recently years. To investigate the mechanical characteristics of plane steel truss, OpenSees is utilized to evaluate component and system reliability plane steel truss. Accuracy and efficiency of several reliability approaches are comprehensively compared. Physical property, geometric size of members, and external loads and nodal coordinates are treated as random variable. DDM is utilized to compute sensitivity coefficients of random variables. Finally, bounds on the probability of failure of series systems are estimated according to the KHD bounds.

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7

Li, Yuan Ying, and De Sheng Zhang. "Plane Truss Reliability Numerical Simulation Based on MATLAB." Applied Mechanics and Materials 256-259 (December 2012): 1091–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.256-259.1091.

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Based on the basic principles of structure reliability numerical analysis, the numerical simulation of the displacement and stress reliability of plane truss under vertical load was programmed with MATLAB. The failure probability of the most unfavorable structural vertical displacement and stress and reliable indicators were obtained through direct sampling Monte Carlo method, response surface method, response surface-Monte Carlo method and response surface-important sampling Monte Carlo method. It is found that calculation lasts longer since there are so many samples with Monte-Carlo method, higher accuracy and less calculation time can be achieved through response surface-Monte Carlo method and response surface-important sampling Monte Carlo method with fewer samples. The results of different numerical simulation calculations are almost identical and reliable, providing references to reliability analysis of complex structures.

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8

NISHIMURA, Nobuo, Sadao KOMATSU, and Shunsuke NISHIDE. "Ultimate strength of compression members in truss plane." Doboku Gakkai Ronbunshu, no. 386 (1987): 221–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.2208/jscej.1987.386_221.

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9

Fedoroff, Alexis, and Reijo Kouhia. "Out-of-plane elastic buckling of truss beams." Structural Engineering and Mechanics 45, no. 5 (March 10, 2013): 613–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.12989/sem.2013.45.5.613.

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10

Neeraja, D., Thejesh Kamireddy, Potnuru Santosh Kumar, and Vijay Simha Reddy. "Weight optimization of plane truss using genetic algorithm." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 263 (November 2017): 032015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/263/3/032015.

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11

Zerkal, S., N. Kharinova, and M. Tabanyukhova. "Investigation of Stress State in Plane Truss Nodes." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 953 (November 27, 2020): 012008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/953/1/012008.

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12

Luo, Yajun, Minglong Xu, and Xinong Zhang. "Nonlinear self-defined truss element based on the plane truss structure with flexible connector." Communications in Nonlinear Science and Numerical Simulation 15, no. 10 (October 2010): 3156–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cnsns.2009.11.006.

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13

Biegus, Antoni. "Corrugated sheet as a bracing of flat truss chords at their out-plane buckling." Budownictwo i Architektura 13, no. 3 (September 11, 2014): 209–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.35784/bud-arch.1822.

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Corrugated sheet properly connected with the upper chord of the flat truss can be taken into account in the assessment of the out-plane stability of the upper and bottom chord as well. The term of lateral bracing by the corrugated roof sheeting in purlinless truss chords was discussed. The calculation models for assessment of the lateral supporting of the bottom truss chords a as the flexible restraint in the roof corrugated sheets were given. The procedures of the assessment of resistance due to out-plane buckling of the bottom truss chord braced by roof sheeting were presented.

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14

Abdulsalam Mustafa, Sumayah, Mohd Zulham Affandi bin Mohd Zahid, and Md Hadli bin Abu Hassan. "Cross Section Optimization of Plane Truss among Different Spans." Applied Mechanics and Materials 679 (October 2014): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.679.1.

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Cross sectional areas optimization is to be implemented to study the influence of the cross section shape on the optimum truss weight. By the aid of analysis and design engines with advanced finite element analysis that is the steel design software STAAD. Four rolled steel sections (angle, tube, channel, and pipe) which are used in industrial roof trusses are applied for comparison. Many previous studies, use the areas of cross sections as design variables without highlight to the shape of cross section at the start of the process, consequently the result area will be adequate if the designer choose the effective shape than others. Results of this research show that the chosen cross section shape has a significant impact on the optimum truss weight for same geometry of truss type under the same circumstances of loading and supports.

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15

Lee, Seong-Haeng, Dong-Woon Yang, Hyung-Gil Hahm, Bo-Sung Kong, and Dong-Wook Shin. "Dynamic Characteristic of Lift Gate Supported by Plane Truss." Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers 54, no. 3 (May 31, 2012): 133–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.5389/ksae.2012.54.3.133.

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16

Halpern, Allison B., and Sigrid Adriaenssens. "Nonlinear Elastic In-Plane Buckling of Shallow Truss Arches." Journal of Bridge Engineering 20, no. 10 (October 2015): 04014117. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)be.1943-5592.0000725.

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17

TOYODA, Tetsuya, Tadashi ISOMURA, and Eisuke KITA. "Topology Design of Plane Truss Structures Using Cellular Automata." Proceedings of The Computational Mechanics Conference 2000.13 (2000): 173–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmecmd.2000.13.173.

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18

Leung, Andrew Yee Tak, Hong Xiang Yang, and Ping Zhu. "Nonlinear Vibrations of Viscoelastic Plane Truss Under Harmonic Excitation." International Journal of Structural Stability and Dynamics 14, no. 04 (April 2, 2014): 1450009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219455414500096.

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This paper is concerned with the steady state bifurcations of a harmonically excited two-member plane truss system. A two-degree-of-freedom Duffing system having nonlinear fractional derivatives is derived to govern the dynamic behaviors of the truss system. Viscoelastic properties are described by the fractional Kelvin–Voigt model based on the Caputo definition. The combined method of harmonic balance and polynomial homotopy continuation is adopted to obtain steady state solutions analytically. A parametric study is conducted with the help of amplitude-response curves. Despite its seeming simplicity, the mechanical system exhibits a wide variety of structural responses. The primary and sub-harmonic resonances and chaos are found in specific regions of system parameters. The dynamic snap-through phenomena are observed when the forcing amplitude exceeds some critical values. Moreover, it has been shown that, suppression of undesirable responses can be achieved via changing of viscosity of the system.

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19

Zainuddin, Zainuddin, T. Budi Aulia, and Cut Ranian. "ANALISIS APLIKASI STRUKTUR TRUSS BERPENAMPANG MELINTANG SEGITIGA UNTUK JEMBATAN JALAN RAYA." Jurnal Teknik Sipil Unaya 1, no. 2 (March 1, 2019): 117–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.30601/jtsu.v1i2.12.

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Truss structure which is often used for primary girder of bridge of highway is a Warren or Pratt type, what is its use combined with two horizontal truss attached below and above functioning as truss of wind bracing. Though have space dimension, but its structure is not pure of truss space, practically its analysis is done to each truss, vertical and horizontal which is considered as plane truss. Truss structure with a trianggular cross section type represent other alternative from structure truss which can is also used as a highway bridge structure, and this type truss represent purification truss space. Beside that, structurally entire element truss together have the contribution to arrest forced from all direction, and cause this type truss is more stable in arrest torsion and shear compared to a other structure truss bridge type. Method used to analyse structure of truss that is stiffness matrix method by means of assist calculation of Microsoft Excel 2007. Result to be reached from this analysis is to find relation of between span length, depth of truss and to the number of panel, to weight of structure and translation of a joint; utilize to get optimum weight and translation of joint. Pursuant to result analyse to three group of sample truss model, each group consisted of three sample, in each depth condition of certain truss, there's only one optimum weight value at one particular truss, and angle of inclination of diagonal and also the span-depth ratio and depth of economic truss still stay in gyration of economic values is such as those which applied for plane truss

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20

Li, Xiao Juan. "Investigation of the Plane Model of Steel Staggered Truss System." Applied Mechanics and Materials 105-107 (September 2011): 961–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.105-107.961.

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Steel Staggered Truss System (SSTS) is a new structural system with flexible arrangement, superior performance and good economy. A plane model was established with SAP2000 and the feasibility of the plane model to study the dynamic characteristics of SSTS under horizontal earthquake was discussed through performing modal analysis and pushover analysis to the space model and the plane model of SSTS. By comparing the response of models, it showed that the plane model changed the mechanical characteristics of SSTS, and there existed errors using the plane model to research on the dynamic characteristics of SSTS under horizontal earthquake

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21

Wicks, N., and J. W. Hutchinson. "Sandwich Plates Actuated by a Kagome Planar Truss." Journal of Applied Mechanics 71, no. 5 (September 1, 2004): 652–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1778720.

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Kagome truss plates have properties that suggest they should be uniquely effective as an actuation plane for sandwich plates: a Kagome truss plate has in-plane isotropy, optimal stiffness and strength, and its truss members can be actuated with minimal internal resistance. In this paper, sandwich plates are studied that are comprised of one solid face sheet and one actuated Kagome face sheet joined by a pyramidal truss core. Various aspects of the actuation behavior of these plates are investigated, including internal resistance and strains resulting from actuation and efficiency of actuation. Single and double curvature actuation modes are investigated. Contact is made with analytic results for actuation modes with long wavelength.

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22

Peng, Xiao Tong, Qi Zhang, and Xi Xia He. "Parameter Analysis of Compressive Web Members in Plane Tubular Truss with Simple Joints." Advanced Materials Research 163-167 (December 2010): 817–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.163-167.817.

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Stability design for compressive web members of tubular structure could be simplified as determination of effective length of compressive web members. There were no design provisions for effective length of compressive web members in tubular truss in the current design code of steel structure (GB50017-2003). Based on previous research achievements, parameter analyses on compressive web members in tubular truss with simple joints were performed using finite element software, in which diameter ratios and wall thickness ratios of web members to chord members as well as different construction styles were considered. After analyzing 3 series, sum to 42 FEM model, the results indicates that stiffness ratio of web members to chord members has a significant effect on effective length of compressive web members, thus increasing width ratio of chord members to web members could decrease effective length of compressive web members; the effective length of compressive web member in circular tube truss is suitable to be 0.75 in-plane and out-plane, and 0.8 for the mixed truss of circular and square tube.

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23

Du, Wen Feng, and Fu Dong Yu. "Principle of Stress Rate in the Instability of Trusses." Applied Mechanics and Materials 193-194 (August 2012): 868–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.193-194.868.

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How to judge the dynamic instability of trusses is an important problem. It is found that stress rate of a truss has the catastrophic characters when trusses are out of stability. According to the relationship of the total strain energy and the stress rate, the principle of stress rate is proposed , that the dynamic instability was made in structures if the stress rate was suddenly changed to a relative very great value. Some examples, such as a dome shell, a three-bar spatial frame, a plane truss, and so on, are discussed. The results showed that it was effective to judge the instability of truss structures by using the tress rate criterion. By comparison of the stress rate criterion with the displacement criterion it can be obtained that the result of displacement criterion was comparatively obvious in the global instability while the result of stress rate criterion was more ocular in judging the local instability in truss structures.

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24

Guo, Xu, and Jun Jiang. "Passive vibration control of truss-cored sandwich plate with planar Kagome truss as one face plane." Science China Technological Sciences 54, no. 5 (March 30, 2011): 1113–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11431-011-4354-8.

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25

Dou, Chao, Yu-Fei Guo, Zi-Qin Jiang, Wei Gao, and Yong-Lin Pi. "In-plane buckling and design of steel tubular truss arches." Thin-Walled Structures 130 (September 2018): 613–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tws.2018.06.024.

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26

Fedczuk, Pawel, and Wojciech Skowroński. "NON-LINEAR ANALYSIS OF PLANE STEEL PRESTRESSED TRUSS IN FIRE." Journal of Civil Engineering and Management 8, no. 3 (January 2002): 177–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13923730.2002.10531274.

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27

Fedczuk, Pawel, and Wojciech Skowroński. "NON-LINEAR ANALYSIS OF PLANE STEEL PRESTRESSED TRUSS IN FIRE." JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT 8, no. 3 (September 30, 2002): 177–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/13923730.2002.10531274.

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The concept of analysis of 2-D static loaded prestressed steel trusses till failure during fire using a modified method of forces is presented. Failure of steel trusses in fire is based on the criterion of stresses. Behaviour of steel is described by non-linear constitutive model (based on hypo-elastic Ramberg-Osgood formula and Dorn creep theory) and Plem proposition (for string). Both models are approximated in calculations by hyperbolic Norton-Bailey rule. Fire simulates thermal force as an action of high temperature that increases linearly up to some level. The complete formulation of this method is illustrated by the algorithm of model parameters identification. Analysis of results for specific prestressed truss made of ASTM A36 and A421 steel in fire is presented.

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28

Loeb, Arthur L., and William Varney. "A Stabilized Cuboctahedron Frame." International Journal of Space Structures 7, no. 2 (June 1992): 85–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026635119200700202.

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When one quarter of the vertices and half the edges of an octet truss are removed systematically, the remaining vertices form a lattice complex known among crystallographers as the J-complex, because their spatial configuration resembles that of jackstones. The residual network corresponds to a space filling system of octahedra and cuboctahedra, having 8-valent vertices. This network has few degrees of freedom, which may be removed by means of only one pair of tension members or a single compression member in each cartesian plane. In principle, the number of such stabilizers is independent of the number of units in each plane. This frame has practical implications, as all compression and tension members lie in an orthogonal set of planes; hence it combines the features of the octet truss with traditional architectural forms.

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29

Peng, Yijiang, Xinxin Yang, Ruixue Li, and Cong Ren. "A Degenerated Plane Truss Model of Base Force Element Method on Complementary Energy Principle." International Journal of Computational Methods 15, no. 05 (June 5, 2018): 1850040. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219876218500408.

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In order to study the performance of base force element method (BFEM), a new 2-node degenerated plane element model based on the BFEM of complementary energy principle is presented for linear elasticity problem and geometrically nonlinear problem respectively in this paper. The plane truss element model can easily be obtained by degenerating from a four-mid-node plane element of the BFEM based on complementary energy principle for linear elasticity problem or geometrically nonlinear problem. The compliance matrix of the rod element model is same as the compliance matrix of the four-mid-node plane element of the BFEM. According to the characteristics of analysis for truss structure, the nodal equilibrium conditions and the displacement coordination conditions of each rod at the nodes have been considered when the compliance matrix of structure is integrated. In order to verify the feasibility of the degenerated plane element model, several truss problems are analyzed and their solutions are compared to the analytical solutions and the numerical results which are calculated with the traditional displacement FEM. It is found that the model has shown high precision and good performance.

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30

Ma, Dan, Yan Dong Qu, and Xiang Qing Kong. "Error Analysis in Calculating the Internal Force of Plane Statically Determinate Truss by the Original Size Principle." Applied Mechanics and Materials 268-270 (December 2012): 1168–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.268-270.1168.

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Ignoring the deformation effect, the original size principle is normally used to calculate the internal force and deformations of the bars in Mechanics of Materials, the calculation error is not discussed in the textbooks, however. In order to show the adaptability of the original size principle to calculate the internal force of plane statically determinate truss, a case of the two-bar statically determinate truss was also given. The calculation error of the internal force and the angle deformations are quantitatively studied to make a comparison between the actual internal force and that calculated by the original size principle. The research showed that the relative error of angle deformations and the internal forces of the two rods are nonlinear dependent on the external forces (the given force), tensile stiffness and the initial angle of the plane truss. If the strength and tensile stiffness of the bars can meet the requirements of engineering, the original size principle can be used to calculate the internal force of metallic bar truss under the conditions of small deformations.

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31

Kong, Wei, and Lin Wu. "UHV KZ185 Crossing Tower Stress Analysis." Applied Mechanics and Materials 680 (October 2014): 410–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.680.410.

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In terms of structure design for transmission towers, early because of restricted by calculation method, are generally will tower inner force analysis that was decomposed into several pieces of plane truss. This method omits truss space effect, is a kind of approximate calculation method. Later adopted a more accurate method of space truss, considering the relations between the deformation coordination of bar of tower structure and the mechanical equilibrium conditions, can reflect the actual situation of the tower stress relatively and accurately. The above calculation method, both plane truss method and method of space truss all nodes are assumed to be the ideal of articulated point, ignoring the interaction of the influence of secondary moment and torque to the structure. In recent years, with the rising of power grids, high voltage, large capacity of transmission lines construction become the trend of the development of the grid technology. Gradually to develop in the direction of high, long-span transmission tower, component cross section increases gradually, the second-order stress effect on the structure is becoming more and more important. The truss method in some special structure and the adaptability of complex working conditions should be tested by experiment and other finite element calculation software review.

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32

Noilublao, Norapat, and Sujin Bureerat. "Simultaneous Topology, Shape, and Sizing Optimisation of Plane Trusses with Adaptive Ground Finite Elements Using MOEAs." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2013 (2013): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/838102.

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This paper proposes a novel integrated design strategy to accomplish simultaneous topology shape and sizing optimisation of a two-dimensional (2D) truss. An optimisation problem is posed to find a structural topology, shape, and element sizes of the truss such that two objective functions, mass and compliance, are minimised. Design constraints include stress, buckling, and compliance. The procedure for an adaptive ground elements approach is proposed and its encoding/decoding process is detailed. Two sets of design variables defining truss layout, shape, and element sizes at the same time are applied. A number of multiobjective evolutionary algorithms (MOEAs) are implemented to solve the design problem. Comparative performance based on a hypervolume indicator shows that multiobjective population-based incremental learning (PBIL) is the best performer. Optimising three design variable types simultaneously is more efficient and effective.

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33

Yang, Cai Hong, Shi Ming Yang, and Yun Lei Hou. "Study on General Total Stiffness Matrix of Plane Multi-Storied Truss." Advanced Materials Research 308-310 (August 2011): 632–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.308-310.632.

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This paper proposes a new description method of truss structure based on adjacent matrix and the expression of element stiffness matrix (ESM) containing the joint number. Furthermore a procedure is also given for obtaining a general total stiffness matrix (GTSM) by using the method of large domain transformation matrix (LDTM). GTSM can reduce the difficulty in designing variable geometry trusses.

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34

KATO, Shiro, Takeshi SUGIYAMA, Gen-ichirou YAMAGUTI, and Masaaki KAWAI. "KNOWLEDGE-BASED EXPERT SYSTEM FOR STABILITY ANALYSIS OF PLANE TRUSS STRUCTURES." Journal of Structural and Construction Engineering (Transactions of AIJ) 412 (1990): 79–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.3130/aijsx.412.0_79.

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35

Ohsaki, Makoto. "Simultaneous optimization of topology and geometry of a regular plane truss." Computers & Structures 66, no. 1 (January 1998): 69–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0045-7949(97)00050-3.

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36

Liu, Changyong, Qing Hu, Yuyin Wang, and Sumei Zhang. "In-Plane Stability of Concrete-Filled Steel Tubular Parabolic Truss Arches." International Journal of Steel Structures 18, no. 4 (July 18, 2018): 1306–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13296-018-0122-y.

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37

Rȩbielak, Janusz. "Examples of Applications of Two-Stage Method in Calculations of Statically Indeterminate Trusses." International Journal of Computational Methods 17, no. 01 (September 30, 2019): 1844009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219876218440097.

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The paper presents features of the two-stage method as an approximate method of calculations of statically indeterminate trusses. Values of forces determined in particular members are resultants of forces calculated in both stages for two intermediate statically determinate trusses. Each of the intermediate truss is defined by removing, from the statically indeterminate truss, a number of members, which equals the statically indeterminacy of the basic truss. In the paper are presented comparisons between values of forces calculated in members of selected type of statically indeterminate plane truss under load by forces applied in symmetrical way and in asymmetrical way.

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38

Dumonteil, Pierre. "In-plane buckling of trusses." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 16, no. 4 (August 1, 1989): 504–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l89-081.

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One of the main influences in the design of planar triangulated trusses is the choice of effective lengths for the various members. The article proposes an iterative method which converges to the exact buckling load for each of the members according to the bifurcation theory. Using the concept of equivalent modulus in compression, the method is then extended to the inelastic domain. Member resistances are compared with exact results published in Europe. It is shown that, for conventional trusses, good accuracy may be expected. The influence of joint flexibility and eccentricity in tubular trusses is examined to show that, while moderate eccentricities may be altogether disregarded, angular joint flexibilities tend to increase the buckling length of web members. Key words: buckling, eccentricity, effective, flexibility, joint, resistance, triangulated, truss, tubular.

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39

Smith, Colin, and Matthew Gilbert. "Application of discontinuity layout optimization to plane plasticity problems." Proceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 463, no. 2086 (July 17, 2007): 2461–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspa.2006.1788.

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A new and potentially widely applicable numerical analysis procedure for continuum mechanics problems is described. The procedure is used here to determine the critical layout of discontinuities and associated upper-bound limit load for plane plasticity problems. Potential discontinuities, which interlink nodes laid out over the body under consideration, are permitted to crossover one another giving a much wider search space than when such discontinuities are located only at the edges of finite elements of fixed topology. Highly efficient linear programming solvers can be employed when certain popular failure criteria are specified (e.g. Tresca or Mohr–Coulomb in plane strain). Stress/velocity singularities are automatically identified and visual interpretation of the output is straightforward. The procedure, coined ‘discontinuity layout optimization’ (DLO), is related to that used to identify the optimum layout of bars in trusses, with discontinuities (e.g. slip-lines) in a translational failure mechanism corresponding to bars in an optimum truss. Hence, a recently developed adaptive nodal connection strategy developed for truss layout optimization problems can advantageously be applied here. The procedure is used to identify critical translational failure mechanisms for selected metal forming and soil mechanics problems. Close agreement with the exact analytical solutions is obtained.

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Lim, Chisung, Seung-Ho Choi, Jae Yuel Oh, Sun-Jin Han, Moon-Sung Lee, and Kang Su Kim. "Shear Behavior of Concrete Encased Steel Truss Composite Girders." Applied Sciences 11, no. 4 (February 9, 2021): 1569. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11041569.

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In this study, experimental tests were performed to evaluate the shear performance of encased steel truss (EST) composite girders that can resist loads at construction and composite stages. Four full-scale EST composite girders were fabricated, where the truss type (Pratt truss and Warren truss) and presence of stirrups were set as main test variables. The test results showed that in specimens applied with the Pratt truss, horizontal shear cracking occurring along the interface between concrete and steel was the dominant failure mode. Based on the crack pattern and failure plane observed from the test, the horizontal shear strengths of the Pratt truss specimens were calculated, which provided conservative results. On the other hand, in the specimens with the Warren truss inside, the strengths of the specimens were governed by the shear failure occurring in the screw rod connecting the truss elements prior to the yielding of the diagonal member. The shear strengths of the Warren truss specimens calculated based on the shear failure of the screw rod were similar to that obtained from the test.

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Yang, Shi Ruo, and Dan Qing Chen. "Railway Steel Truss Coefficient of Lateral Force Distribution." Advanced Materials Research 304 (July 2011): 359–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.304.359.

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This paper illustrates the internal force calculation of the railway steel truss girder under the action of lateral load q by using the finite element method for truss segment. Load q is distributed with partition coefficients a1, a2 respectively on the top and bottom longitudinal bracing in conventional way and calculated as planar articulate. When two forces calculated respectively by using the spatial analysis and planar structure method are equal, lateral force distribution coefficient a1, a2 can be obtained. In the end of this paper we take examples of simple through beam of 48m, 64m, 80m, 144m, 192m, continuous through beam of 2×64m,3×64m, dual continuous deck beam of 2×64m and dual simple through beam of 64m and get the partition coefficient of the floor system plane, 0.77, and the other plane is 0.39.

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Di´az, A. R., and B. Belding. "On Optimum Truss Layout by a Homogenization Method." Journal of Mechanical Design 115, no. 3 (September 1, 1993): 367–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2919200.

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A new approach to the truss layout optimization problem is possible by using homogenization theory. Unlike traditional methods for optimization of truss topology, the new method does not require that the set of admissible connecting points be defined a-priori. This represents a great advantage over other strategies, which may inadvertently exclude optimum solutions by prescribing a set of connecting points that is inconsistent with the optimum connectivity. The homogenization approach, however, is based on the solution of the equations of plane elasticity over a two dimensional domain and its solutions are only truss-like structures. The relationship between these solutions and optimum truss structures is examined.

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Hoe, Tan Teck, and Lewis C. Schmidt. "Ultimate Load Behaviour of a Barrel Vault Space Truss." International Journal of Space Structures 2, no. 1 (March 1987): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026635118700200101.

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The ultimate load capacity of a single-layer barrel vault space truss is investigated both experimentally and theoretically. The vault has a novel bracing system in that the diagonal bracing members are out of the plane of the chords, forming a pyramid system with each base in the plane of the chords. The test model is constructed from steel tubes with all-welded joints. Under an unsymmetrical patch load the vault is seen to perform well, as it is able to develop the axial load capacity of the struts, without the need for them to act in flexure. A local mechanism operates in the region of the loads, but no overall collapse occurs.

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Chen, Zheng Fa, and Gui Feng Liu. "Reliability Analysis of H-Beam Transfer Truss Under Construction Loads." Advanced Materials Research 163-167 (December 2010): 745–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.163-167.745.

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Study on the reliability of H-beam transfer truss was based on the rebuilding of 1# office building of Chinese Ministry of Commerce. Under construction loads, the force analysis of the H-beam transfer truss was carried out with the software STS2005.12. In the paper, the right of trusses node connection was first chosen, and a plane calculation model of H-beam transfer truss was established based on some reasonable assumptions. Then, the force of H-beam transfer truss under construction loads was analyzed with the calculation model, in determining a reasonable control indexes and calculation parameters. From the results of analysis, we could see that the design and application of H-beam transfer truss in the stage of construction was safe and reliable, in the dismantling concrete post of old structure.

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Gordziej-Zagórowska, Małgorzata, and Elżbieta Urbańska-Galewska. "Load carrying capacity of the eccentric joint in the truss made of open cross-sections." MATEC Web of Conferences 219 (2018): 02002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201821902002.

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The influence of eccentricity at intersections of truss members on the load carrying capacity of the truss joint is presented in the paper. The research truss elements were designed as cold-formed open cross section. Analytical calculations, numerical analysis and experimental research were conducted to reveal how the eccentricity affects the effort of material in the joint area. The results of analysis and investigations are compared and discussed. The main achievement of the tests carried out is statement that slender plane members of the compression chords are safe compared with the results of analytical calculations.

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Pelliciari, Matteo, and Angelo Marcello Tarantino. "Equilibrium paths of a three-bar truss in finite elasticity with an application to graphene." Mathematics and Mechanics of Solids 25, no. 3 (November 17, 2019): 705–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1081286519887470.

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This paper presents the formulation of the equilibrium problem of a three-bar truss in the nonlinear context of finite elasticity. The bars are composed of a homogeneous, isotropic, and compressible hyperelastic material. The equilibrium equations in the deformed configuration are derived under the assumption of homogeneous deformations and the stability of the solutions is assessed through the energy criterion. The general formulation is then specialized for a compressible Mooney–Rivlin material. The results for both vertical and horizontal load cases show unexpected post-critical behaviors involving several branches, stable asymmetrical configurations, bifurcation, and snap-through. The three-bar truss studied here is not only a benchmark test for the numerical analysis of nonlinear truss structures, but also a representative system for the unit cell of the graphene hexagonal lattice. Therefore, an application to graphene is performed by simulating the covalent bonds between carbon atoms as the bars of the truss, characterized by the modified Morse potential. The results provide insights on the internal mechanisms that take place when graphene undergoes large in-plane deformations, whose influence should be considered when developing molecular mechanics and continuum models in nonlinear elasticity.

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Albayrak, Gülçağ, and Uğur Albayrak. "Approach of Non-linear Programming for Cost Optimization of Plane Truss System." International Journal of Engineering and Technology 10, no. 2 (April 2018): 167–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.7763/ijet.2018.v10.1053.

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Serra, M., and P. Venini. "On some applications of ant colony optimization metaheuristic to plane truss optimization." Structural and Multidisciplinary Optimization 32, no. 6 (August 5, 2006): 499–506. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00158-006-0042-x.

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Cicala, G., G. Recca, L. Oliveri, Y. Perikleous, F. Scarpa, C. Lira, A. Lorato, D. J. Grube, and G. Ziegmann. "Hexachiral truss-core with twisted hemp yarns: Out-of-plane shear properties." Composite Structures 94, no. 12 (December 2012): 3556–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2012.05.020.

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Yang, Wen, Jian Xiong, Li-Jia Feng, Chong Pei, and Lin-Zhi Wu. "Fabrication and mechanical properties of three-dimensional enhanced lattice truss sandwich structures." Journal of Sandwich Structures & Materials 22, no. 5 (July 24, 2018): 1594–611. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1099636218789602.

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Topological-reinforcement and material-strengthening were used and employed to improve the mechanical properties of lattice truss sandwich structures. This new type of three-dimensional aluminum alloy lattice truss (named enhanced lattice truss) sandwich structure, with a relative density ranging from 1.7% to 4.7%, was designed and fabricated by interlocking and vacuum-brazing method. The out-of-plane compression and shear properties of the enhanced lattice truss sandwich structures (both as-brazed and age-hardened cores) were experimentally and analytically investigated. Good correlations between analytical predictions and experiment results were achieved. Experimental results showed that the mechanical properties of the enhanced lattice truss cores were sensitive to the unit-cell size and parent-alloy properties (i.e. inelastic buckling and tangential modulus). The compressive and shear characteristics of enhanced lattice truss sandwich structures were discussed and found superior to competing lattice truss structures in low density area (0.046–0.124 g/cm3) of material property charts. The combination of topological-reinforcement and material-strengthening provided a way to achieve lightweight sandwich structures with high specific strengths and low densities.

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