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Journal articles on the topic 'Planktonic diazotrophs'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 25 May 2024

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Berthelot, Hugo, Sophie Bonnet, Olivier Grosso, Véronique Cornet, and Aude Barani. "Transfer of diazotroph-derived nitrogen towards non-diazotrophic planktonic communities: a comparative study between <i>Trichodesmium</i> <i>erythraeum</i>, <i>Crocosphaera watsonii</i> and <i>Cyanothece</i> sp." Biogeosciences 13, no. 13 (2016): 4005–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-4005-2016.

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Abstract. Biological dinitrogen (N2) fixation is the major source of new nitrogen (N) for the open ocean, and thus promotes marine productivity, in particular in the vast N-depleted regions of the surface ocean. Yet, the fate of the diazotroph-derived N (DDN) in marine ecosystems is poorly understood, and its transfer to auto- and heterotrophic surrounding plankton communities is rarely measured due to technical limitations. Moreover, the different diazotrophs involved in N2 fixation (Trichodesmium spp. vs. UCYN) exhibit distinct patterns of N2 fixation and inhabit different ecological niches,

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Meunier, Valentine, Sophie Bonnet, Mercedes Camps, et al. "Ingestion of Diazotrophs Makes Corals More Resistant to Heat Stress." Biomolecules 12, no. 4 (2022): 537. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom12040537.

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Over the past decade, coral bleaching events have continued to recur and intensify. During bleaching, corals expel millions of their symbionts, depriving the host from its main food source. One mechanism used by corals to resist bleaching consists in exploiting food sources other than autotrophy. Among the food sources available in the reefs, dinitrogen (N2)-fixing prokaryotes or planktonic diazotrophs (hereafter called ‘PD’) have the particularity to reduce atmospheric dinitrogen (N2) and release part of this nitrogen (diazotroph-derived nitrogen or DDN) in bioavailable form. Here, we submitt

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3

Gimenez, Audrey, Melika Baklouti, Sophie Bonnet, and Thierry Moutin. "Biogeochemical fluxes and fate of diazotroph-derived nitrogen in the food web after a phosphate enrichment: modeling of the VAHINE mesocosms experiment." Biogeosciences 13, no. 17 (2016): 5103–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-5103-2016.

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Abstract. The VAHINE mesocosm experiment in the oligotrophic waters of the Nouméa lagoon (New Caledonia), where high N2 fixation rates and abundant diazotroph organisms were observed, aimed to assess the role of the nitrogen input through N2 fixation in carbon production and export and to study the fate of diazotroph-derived nitrogen (DDN) throughout the planktonic food web. A 1-D vertical biogeochemical mechanistic model was used in addition to the in situ experiment to enrich our understanding of the dynamics of the planktonic ecosystem and the main biogeochemical carbon (C), nitrogen (N) an

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Moreira-Coello, Víctor, Beatriz Mouriño-Carballido, Emilio Marañón, Ana Fernández-Carrera, María PÉrez-Lorenzo, and Antonio Bode. "Quantifying the overestimation of planktonic N2 fixation due to contamination of 15N2 gas stocks." Journal of Plankton Research 41, no. 4 (2019): 567–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/plankt/fbz034.

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AbstractThe 15N2-tracer assay [Montoya et al. (1996) A simple, high-precision, high-sensitivity tracer assay for N2 fixation. Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 62, 986–993.] is the most used method for measuring biological N2 fixation in terrestrial and aquatic environments. The reliability of this technique depends on the purity of the commercial 15N2 gas stocks used. However, Dabundo et al. [(2014) PLoS One, 9, e110335.] reported the contamination of some of these stocks with labile 15N-labeled compounds (ammonium, nitrate and/or nitrite). The contamination of commercial 15N2 gas stocks with 15N-la

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Bonnet, Sophie, Melika Baklouti, Audrey Gimenez, Hugo Berthelot, and Ilana Berman-Frank. "Biogeochemical and biological impacts of diazotroph blooms in a low-nutrient, low-chlorophyll ecosystem: synthesis from the VAHINE mesocosm experiment (New Caledonia)." Biogeosciences 13, no. 15 (2016): 4461–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-4461-2016.

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Abstract. In marine ecosystems, biological N2 fixation provides the predominant external source of nitrogen (N; 140 ± 50 Tg N yr−1), contributing more than atmospheric and riverine inputs to the N supply. Yet the fate and magnitude of the newly fixed N, or diazotroph-derived N (hereafter named DDN) in marine ecosystems is poorly understood. Moreover, whether the DDN is preferentially and directly exported out of the photic zone, recycled by the microbial loop and/or transferred into larger organisms remains unclear. These questions were investigated in the framework of the VAHINE (VAriability

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Johnson, Claire, Lindsay L. Dubbs, and Michael Piehler. "Reframing the contribution of pelagic Sargassum epiphytic N2 fixation." PLOS ONE 18, no. 8 (2023): e0289485. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0289485.

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Though nitrogen fixation by epiphytic diazotrophs on pelagic Sargassum has been recognized for decades, it has been assumed to contribute insignificantly to the overall marine nitrogen budget. This six-year study reframes this concept through long-term measurements of Sargassum community nitrogen fixation rates, and by extrapolating mass-specific rates to a theoretical square meter portion of Sargassum mat allowing for comparison of these rates to those of other marine and coastal diazotrophs. On 24 occasions from 2015 to 2021, rates of nitrogen fixation were measured using whole fronds of Sar

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Church, Matthew J., Cindy M. Short, Bethany D. Jenkins, David M. Karl, and Jonathan P. Zehr. "Temporal Patterns of Nitrogenase Gene (nifH) Expression in the Oligotrophic North Pacific Ocean." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 71, no. 9 (2005): 5362–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.71.9.5362-5370.2005.

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ABSTRACT Dinitrogen (N2)-fixing microorganisms (diazotrophs) play important roles in ocean biogeochemistry and plankton productivity. In this study, we examined the presence and expression of specific planktonic nitrogenase genes (nifH) in the upper ocean (0 to 175 m) at Station ALOHA in the oligotrophic North Pacific Ocean. Clone libraries constructed from reverse-transcribed PCR-amplified mRNA revealed six unique phylotypes. Five of the nifH phylotypes grouped with sequences from unicellular and filamentous cyanobacteria, and one of the phylotypes clustered with γ-proteobacteria. The cyanoba

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8

Fernández, Ana, Rocío Graña, Beatriz Mouriño-Carballido, et al. "Community N2 fixation and Trichodesmium spp. abundance along longitudinal gradients in the eastern subtropical North Atlantic." ICES Journal of Marine Science 70, no. 1 (2012): 223–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fss142.

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AbstractFernández, A., Graña, R., Mouriño-Carballido, B., Bode, A., Varela, M., Domínguez-Yanes, J. F., Escánez, J., de Armas, D., and Marañón, E. 2013. Community N2 fixation and Trichodesmium spp. abundance along longitudinal gradients in the eastern subtropical North Atlantic. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 70:223–231. We have determined planktonic community N2 fixation, Trichodesmium abundance, the concentration and vertical diffusive flux of phosphate, and satellite-derived estimates of atmospheric concentration of dust along two longitudinal transects in the eastern subtropical North A

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Paul, A. J., E. P. Achterberg, L. T. Bach, et al. "No observed effect of ocean acidification on nitrogen biogeochemistry in a summer Baltic Sea plankton community." Biogeosciences Discussions 12, no. 20 (2015): 17507–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bgd-12-17507-2015.

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Abstract. Nitrogen fixation by filamentous cyanobacteria supplies significant amounts of new nitrogen (N) to the Baltic Sea. This balances N loss processes such as denitrification and anammox and forms an important N source supporting primary and secondary production in N-limited post-spring bloom plankton communities. Laboratory studies suggest that filamentous diazotrophic cyanobacteria growth and N2-fixation rates are sensitive to ocean acidification with potential implications for new N supply to the Baltic Sea. In this study, our aim was to assess the effect of ocean acidification on diaz

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Stukel, M. R., V. J. Coles, M. T. Brooks, and R. R. Hood. "Top-down, bottom-up and physical controls on diatom-diazotroph assemblage growth in the Amazon River plume." Biogeosciences 11, no. 12 (2014): 3259–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-3259-2014.

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Abstract. The nutrient-rich waters of the Amazon River plume (ARP) support dense blooms of diatom-diazotroph assemblages (DDAs) that introduce large quantities of new nitrogen to the planktonic ecosystem and, unlike other nitrogen-fixers, are likely to directly fuel vertical carbon flux. To investigate the factors controlling DDA blooms, we develop a five phytoplankton (cyanobacteria, diatoms, unicellular microbial diazotrophs, DDAs, and Trichodesmium), two zooplankton model and embed it within a 1/6° resolution physical model of the tropical and subtropical Atlantic. The model generates reali

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Stukel, M. R., V. J. Coles, M. T. Brooks, and R. R. Hood. "Top-down, bottom-up and physical controls on diatom-diazotroph assemblage growth in the Amazon River Plume." Biogeosciences Discussions 10, no. 8 (2013): 13931–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bgd-10-13931-2013.

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Abstract. The nutrient-rich waters of the Amazon River Plume (ARP) support dense blooms of diatom-diazotroph assemblages (DDA) that introduce large quantities of new nitrogen to the planktonic ecosystem and, unlike other nitrogen-fixers, are likely to directly fuel vertical carbon flux. To investigate the factors controlling DDA blooms, we develop a five phytoplankton (cyanobacteria, diatoms, unicellular microbial diazotrophs, DDA, and Trichodesmium), two zooplankton model and embed it within a 1/6° resolution physical model of the tropical and subtropical Atlantic. The model generates realist

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Paul, Allanah J., Eric P. Achterberg, Lennart T. Bach, et al. "No observed effect of ocean acidification on nitrogen biogeochemistry in a summer Baltic Sea plankton community." Biogeosciences 13, no. 13 (2016): 3901–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-3901-2016.

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Abstract. Nitrogen fixation by filamentous cyanobacteria supplies significant amounts of new nitrogen (N) to the Baltic Sea. This balances N loss processes such as denitrification and anammox, and forms an important N source supporting primary and secondary production in N-limited post-spring bloom plankton communities. Laboratory studies suggest that filamentous diazotrophic cyanobacteria growth and N2-fixation rates are sensitive to ocean acidification, with potential implications for new N supply to the Baltic Sea. In this study, our aim was to assess the effect of ocean acidification on di

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13

Bonnet, S., O. Grosso, and T. Moutin. "Planktonic dinitrogen fixation along a longitudinal gradient across the Mediterranean Sea during the stratified period (BOUM cruise)." Biogeosciences 8, no. 8 (2011): 2257–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-8-2257-2011.

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Abstract. This study provides extensive data on planktonic N2 fixation rates across the whole Mediterranean Sea. They show that N2 fixation occurs in Mediterranean waters during the stratification period, with a clear decreasing trend from the oligotrophic western basin (10–76 μmol m−2 d−1) to the ultra oligotrophic eastern basin (0–0.4 μmol m−2 d−1). Highest rates are measured in the less oligotrophic western basin, between the surface and 75 m-depth, where 45 to 75 % of N2 fixation are found within the picoplanktonic fraction (<3 μm). While the biogeochemical impact of N2 fixation in the

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Carlotti, François, Marc Pagano, Loïc Guilloux, et al. "Meso-zooplankton structure and functioning in the western tropical South Pacific along the 20th parallel south during the OUTPACE survey (February–April 2015)." Biogeosciences 15, no. 23 (2018): 7273–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-7273-2018.

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Abstract. The western tropical South Pacific (WTSP) is one of the most understudied oceanic regions in terms of the planktonic food web, despite supporting some of the largest tuna fisheries in the world. In this stratified oligotrophic ocean, nitrogen fixation may play an important role in supporting the plankton food web and higher trophic level production. In the austral summer (February–April) of 2015, the OUTPACE (Oligotrophy to UlTra-oligotrophy PACific Experiment) project conducted a comprehensive survey of 4000 km along 20∘ S, from New Caledonia to Tahiti, to determine the role of N2 f

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Bonnet, S., H. Berthelot, K. Turk-Kubo, et al. "Dynamics of N<sub>2</sub> fixation and fate of diazotroph-derived nitrogen in a low nutrient low chlorophyll ecosystem: results from the VAHINE mesocosm experiment (New Caledonia)." Biogeosciences Discussions 12, no. 23 (2015): 19579–626. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bgd-12-19579-2015.

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Abstract. N2 fixation rates were measured daily in large (~ 50 m3) mesocosms deployed in the tropical South West Pacific coastal ocean (New Caledonia) to investigate the spatial and temporal dynamics of diazotrophy and the fate of diazotroph-derived nitrogen (DDN) in a low nutrient, low chlorophyll ecosystem. The mesocosms were intentionally fertilized with ~ 0.8 μM dissolved inorganic phosphorus (DIP) to stimulate diazotrophy. Bulk N2 fixation rates were replicable between the three mesocosms, averaged 18.5 ± 1.1 nmol N L−1 d−1 over the 23 days, and increased by a factor of two during the sec

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Caffin, Mathieu, Hugo Berthelot, Véronique Cornet-Barthaux, Aude Barani, and Sophie Bonnet. "Transfer of diazotroph-derived nitrogen to the planktonic food web across gradients of N<sub>2</sub> fixation activity and diversity in the western tropical South Pacific Ocean." Biogeosciences 15, no. 12 (2018): 3795–810. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-3795-2018.

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Abstract. Biological dinitrogen (N2) fixation provides the major source of new nitrogen (N) to the open ocean, contributing more than atmospheric deposition and riverine inputs to the N supply. Yet the fate of the diazotroph-derived N (DDN) in the planktonic food web is poorly understood. The main goals of this study were (i) to quantify how much of DDN is released to the dissolved pool during N2 fixation and how much is transferred to bacteria, phytoplankton and zooplankton, and (ii) to compare the DDN release and transfer efficiencies under contrasting N2 fixation activity and diversity in t

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Bonnet, Sophie, Hugo Berthelot, Kendra Turk-Kubo, et al. "Dynamics of N<sub>2</sub> fixation and fate of diazotroph-derived nitrogen in a low-nutrient, low-chlorophyll ecosystem: results from the VAHINE mesocosm experiment (New Caledonia)." Biogeosciences 13, no. 9 (2016): 2653–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-2653-2016.

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Abstract. N2 fixation rates were measured daily in large (∼ 50 m3) mesocosms deployed in the tropical southwest Pacific coastal ocean (New Caledonia) to investigate the temporal variability in N2 fixation rates in relation with environmental parameters and study the fate of diazotroph-derived nitrogen (DDN) in a low-nutrient, low-chlorophyll ecosystem. The mesocosms were fertilized with ∼ 0.8 µM dissolved inorganic phosphorus (DIP) to stimulate diazotrophy. Bulk N2 fixation rates were replicable between the three mesocosms, averaged 18.5 ± 1.1 nmol N L−1 d−1 over the 23 days, and increased by

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18

Doblin, Martina A., Katherina Petrou, Sutinee Sinutok, et al. "Nutrient uplift in a cyclonic eddy increases diversity, primary productivity and iron demand of microbial communities relative to a western boundary current." PeerJ 4 (April 25, 2016): e1973. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.1973.

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The intensification of western boundary currents in the global ocean will potentially influence meso-scale eddy generation, and redistribute microbes and their associated ecological and biogeochemical functions. To understand eddy-induced changes in microbial community composition as well as how they control growth, we targeted the East Australian Current (EAC) region to sample microbes in a cyclonic (cold-core) eddy (CCE) and the adjacent EAC. Phototrophic and diazotrophic microbes were more diverse (2–10 times greater Shannon index) in the CCE relative to the EAC, and the cell size distribut

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Drira, Zaher, Dorra Chaari, Asma Hamza, Malika Bel Hassen, Marc Pagano, and Habib Ayadi. "Diazotrophic cyanobacteria signatures and their relationship to hydrographic conditions in the Gulf of Gabes, Tunisia." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 97, no. 1 (2016): 69–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315415002210.

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Changes in the planktonic cyanobacteria structure, composition and diversity were followed over three consecutive years (2005–2006–2007) in the Gulf of Gabes (Eastern Mediterranean Sea, Tunisia). Cyanobacteria abundances, biomasses and cell lengths were measured together with selected environmental variables (pH, salinity, temperature and nutrients). The space and time variations of the cyanobacteria in relation to the environmental factors showed a close relationship between these plankton communities and the hydrographic structure of the water column. Cyanobacteria developed over semi-mixed

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Pahlow, Markus, Chia-Te Chien, Lionel A. Arteaga, and Andreas Oschlies. "Optimality-based non-Redfield plankton–ecosystem model (OPEM v1.1) in UVic-ESCM 2.9 – Part 1: Implementation and model behaviour." Geoscientific Model Development 13, no. 10 (2020): 4663–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gmd-13-4663-2020.

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Abstract. Uncertainties in projections of marine biogeochemistry from Earth system models (ESMs) are associated to a large degree with the imperfect representation of the marine plankton ecosystem, in particular the physiology of primary and secondary producers. Here, we describe the implementation of an optimality-based plankton–ecosystem model (OPEM) version 1.1 with variable carbon : nitrogen : phosphorus (C:N:P) stoichiometry in the University of Victoria ESM (UVic; Eby et al., 2009; Weaver et al., 2001) and the behaviour of two calibrated reference configurations, which differ in the assu

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Monpeán, Carmen, Antonio Bode, V. M. Benitez-Barrios, J. Francisco Dominguez-Yanes, José Escánez, and Eugenio Fraile-Nuez. "Spatial patterns of plankton biomass and stable isotopes reflect the influence of the nitrogen-fixer Trichodesmium along the subtropical North Atlantic." Journal of plankton research 35, no. 3 (2013): 513–25. https://doi.org/10.1093/plankt/fbt011.

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The spatial variability of biomass and stable isotopes in plankton size fractions in the upper 200 m was studied in a high spatial resolution transect along 24°N from the Canary Islands to Florida to determine nitrogen and carbon sources. Vertical advection of waters predominated in lateral zones, while the central Atlantic (30–70°W) was characterized by strong stratification and oligotrophic surface waters. Plankton biomass was low in the central zone and high on both the eastern and the western sides, with most of the variability due to either large (>2000 µm) or small plankton (<500 µ

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Bopp, Laurent, Olivier Aumont, Lester Kwiatkowski, et al. "Diazotrophy as a key driver of the response of marine net primary productivity to climate change." Biogeosciences 19, no. 17 (2022): 4267–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-4267-2022.

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Abstract. The impact of anthropogenic climate change on marine net primary production (NPP) is a reason for concern because changing NPP will have widespread consequences for marine ecosystems and their associated services. Projections by the current generation of Earth system models have suggested decreases in global NPP in response to future climate change, albeit with very large uncertainties. Here, we make use of two versions of the Institut Pierre-Simon Laplace Climate Model (IPSL-CM) that simulate divergent NPP responses to similar high-emission scenarios in the 21st century and identify

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Rahav, E., B. Herut, A. Levi, M. R. Mulholland, and I. Berman-Frank. "Springtime contribution of dinitrogen fixation to primary production across the Mediterranean Sea." Ocean Science 9, no. 3 (2013): 489–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/os-9-489-2013.

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Abstract. Dinitrogen (N2) fixation rates were measured during early spring across the different provinces of Mediterranean Sea surface waters. N2 fixation rates, measured using 15N2 enriched seawater, were lowest in the eastern basin and increased westward with a maximum at the Strait of Gibraltar (0.10 to 2.35 nmol N L−1 d−1, respectively). These rates were 3–7 fold higher than N2 fixation rates measured previously in the Mediterranean Sea during summertime and we estimated that methodological differences alone did not account for the seasonal changes we observed. Higher contribution of N2 fi

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Bird, Clare, Joaquín Martinez Martinez, Anthony G. O'Donnell та Michael Wyman. "Spatial Distribution and Transcriptional Activity of an Uncultured Clade of Planktonic Diazotrophic γ-Proteobacteria in the Arabian Sea". Applied and Environmental Microbiology 71, № 4 (2005): 2079–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.71.4.2079-2085.2005.

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ABSTRACT The spatial distribution of an uncultured clade of marine diazotrophic γ-proteobacteria in the Arabian Sea was investigated by the development of a specific primer pair to amplify an internal fragment of nifH by PCR. These organisms were most readily detected in highly oligotrophic surface waters but could also be found in deeper waters below the nutricline. nifH transcripts originating from this clade were detected in oligotrophic surface waters and, in addition, in the deeper and the more productive near-coastal waters. The nifH sequences most closely related to the unidentified mar

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Falcón, Luisa I., Frank Cipriano, Andrei Y. Chistoserdov, and Edward J. Carpenter. "Diversity of Diazotrophic Unicellular Cyanobacteria in the Tropical North Atlantic Ocean." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 68, no. 11 (2002): 5760–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.68.11.5760-5764.2002.

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ABSTRACT We present data on the genetic diversity and phylogenetic affinities of N2-fixing unicellular cyanobacteria in the plankton of the tropical North Atlantic Ocean. Our dinitrogenase gene (nifH) sequences grouped together with a group of cyanobacteria from the subtropical North Pacific; another subtropical North Pacific group was only distantly related. Most of the 16S ribosomal DNA sequences from our tropical North Atlantic samples were closely allied with sequences from a symbiont of the diatom Climacodium frauenfeldianum. These findings suggest a complex pattern of evolutionary and ec

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Meyer, J., C. R. Löscher, S. C. Neulinger, et al. "Changing nutrient stoichiometry affects phytoplankton production, DOP build up and dinitrogen fixation – a mesocosm experiment in the eastern tropical North Atlantic." Biogeosciences Discussions 12, no. 13 (2015): 9991–10029. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bgd-12-9991-2015.

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Abstract. Ocean deoxygenation due to climate change may alter redox-sensitive nutrient cycles in the marine environment. The productive eastern tropical North Atlantic (ETNA) upwelling region may be particularly affected when the relatively moderate oxygen minimum zone (OMZ) deoxygenates further and microbially-driven nitrogen (N) loss processes are promoted. Consequently, water masses with a low N : P ratio could reach the euphotic layer, possibly influencing primary production in those waters. Previous mesocosm studies in the oligotrophic Atlantic Ocean identified N availability as controlli

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Kodama, Taketoshi, Tsuyoshi Watanabe, Yukiko Taniuchi, Akira Kuwata, and Daisuke Hasegawa. "Micro-size plankton abundance and assemblages in the western North Pacific Subtropical Gyre under microscopic observation." PLOS ONE 16, no. 4 (2021): e0250604. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0250604.

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While primary productivity in the oligotrophic North Pacific Subtropical Gyre (NPSG) is changing, the micro-size plankton community has not been evaluated in the last 4 decades, prompting a re-evaluation. We collected samples over three years (2016–2018) from depths of 10 to 200 m (n = 127), and the micro-size plankton were identified and counted to understand the heterogeneity of micro-size plankton community structure. The assemblages were consistent to the those of 4 decades ago. Dinophyceae (dinoflagellates) were the most numerically abundant, followed by Cryptophyceae and Bacillariophycea

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Zehr, Jonathan P., Mark T. Mellon, and Sabino Zani. "New Nitrogen-Fixing Microorganisms Detected in Oligotrophic Oceans by Amplification of Nitrogenase (nifH) Genes." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 64, no. 9 (1998): 3444–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.64.9.3444-3450.1998.

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ABSTRACT Oligotrophic oceanic waters of the central ocean gyres typically have extremely low dissolved fixed inorganic nitrogen concentrations, but few nitrogen-fixing microorganisms from the oceanic environment have been cultivated. Nitrogenase gene (nifH) sequences amplified directly from oceanic waters showed that the open ocean contains more diverse diazotrophic microbial populations and more diverse habitats for nitrogen fixers than previously observed by classical microbiological techniques. Nitrogenase genes derived from unicellular and filamentous cyanobacteria, as well as from the α a

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Lin, Senjie, Sheri Henze, Pernilla Lundgren, Birgitta Bergman, and Edward J. Carpenter. "Whole-Cell Immunolocalization of Nitrogenase in Marine Diazotrophic Cyanobacteria, Trichodesmiumspp." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 64, no. 8 (1998): 3052–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.64.8.3052-3058.1998.

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ABSTRACT The mechanism by which planktonic marine cyanobacteria of the genusTrichodesmium fix N2 aerobically during photosynthesis without heterocysts is unknown. As an aid in understanding how these species protect nitrogenase, we have developed an immunofluorescence technique coupled to light microscopy (IF-LM) with which intact cyanobacteria can be immunolabeled and the distribution patterns of nitrogenase and other proteins can be described and semiquantified. Chilled ethanol was used to fix the cells, which were subsequently made permeable to antibodies by using dimethyl sulfoxide. Use of

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Janson, Sven, Pirzada J. A. Siddiqui, Anthony E. Walsby, Kristen M. Romans, Edward J. Carpenter, and Birgitta Bergman. "CYTOMORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF THE PLANKTONIC DIAZOTROPHIC CYANOBACTERIA TRICHODESMIUM SPP. FROM THE INDIAN OCEAN AND CARIBBEAN AND SARGASSO SEAS1." Journal of Phycology 31, no. 3 (1995): 463–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0022-3646.1995.00463.x.

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Moutin, Thierry, Andrea Michelangelo Doglioli, Alain de Verneil, and Sophie Bonnet. "Preface: The Oligotrophy to the UlTra-oligotrophy PACific Experiment (OUTPACE cruise, 18 February to 3 April 2015)." Biogeosciences 14, no. 13 (2017): 3207–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-3207-2017.

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Abstract. The overall goal of OUTPACE (Oligotrophy to UlTra-oligotrophy PACific Experiment) was to obtain a successful representation of the interactions between planktonic organisms and the cycle of biogenic elements in the western tropical South Pacific Ocean across trophic and N2 fixation gradients. Within the context of climate change, it is necessary to better quantify the ability of the oligotrophic ocean to sequester carbon through biological processes. OUTPACE was organized around three main objectives, which were (1) to perform a zonal characterization of the biogeochemistry and biolo

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Cairns, Johannes, Sebastián Coloma, Kaarina Sivonen, and Teppo Hiltunen. "Evolving interactions between diazotrophic cyanobacterium and phage mediate nitrogen release and host competitive ability." Royal Society Open Science 3, no. 12 (2016): 160839. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.160839.

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Interactions between nitrogen-fixing (i.e. diazotrophic) cyanobacteria and their viruses, cyanophages, can have large-scale ecosystem effects. These effects are mediated by temporal alterations in nutrient availability in aquatic systems owing to the release of nitrogen and carbon sources from cells lysed by phages, as well as by ecologically important changes in the diversity and fitness of cyanobacterial populations that evolve in the presence of phages. However, ecological and evolutionary feedbacks between phages and nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria are still relative poorly understood. Here,

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Meyer, J., C. R. Löscher, S. C. Neulinger, et al. "Changing nutrient stoichiometry affects phytoplankton production, DOP accumulation and dinitrogen fixation – a mesocosm experiment in the eastern tropical North Atlantic." Biogeosciences 13, no. 3 (2016): 781–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-781-2016.

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Abstract. Ocean deoxygenation due to climate change may alter redox-sensitive nutrient cycles in the marine environment. The productive eastern tropical North Atlantic (ETNA) upwelling region may be particularly affected when the relatively moderate oxygen minimum zone (OMZ) deoxygenates further and microbially driven nitrogen (N) loss processes are promoted. Consequently, water masses with a low nitrogen to phosphorus (N : P) ratio could reach the euphotic layer, possibly influencing primary production in those waters. Previous mesocosm studies in the oligotrophic Atlantic Ocean identified ni

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Österholm, Julia, Rafael V. Popin, David P. Fewer, and Kaarina Sivonen. "Phylogenomic Analysis of Secondary Metabolism in the Toxic Cyanobacterial Genera Anabaena, Dolichospermum and Aphanizomenon." Toxins 12, no. 4 (2020): 248. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins12040248.

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Cyanobacteria produce an array of toxins that pose serious health risks to humans and animals. The closely related diazotrophic genera, Anabaena, Dolichospermum and Aphanizomenon, frequently form poisonous blooms in lakes and brackish waters around the world. These genera form a complex now termed the Anabaena, Dolichospermum and Aphanizomenon (ADA) clade and produce a greater array of toxins than any other cyanobacteria group. However, taxonomic confusion masks the distribution of toxin biosynthetic pathways in cyanobacteria. Here we obtained 11 new draft genomes to improve the understanding

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Zani, Sabino, Mark T. Mellon, Jackie L. Collier, and Jonathan P. Zehr. "Expression of nifH Genes in Natural Microbial Assemblages in Lake George, New York, Detected by Reverse Transcriptase PCR." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 66, no. 7 (2000): 3119–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.66.7.3119-3124.2000.

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ABSTRACT A modified nested reverse transcriptase PCR (RT-PCR) method was used to detect the expression of nitrogenase genes in meso-oligotrophic Lake George, New York. Net (>20-μm pore size) plankton samples collected from two sites (Dome Island and Hague Marina) were extracted for total RNA and genomic DNA to determine the identity of diazotrophic organisms that were present and those that were actively expressing nitrogenase genes. Phylogenetic analysis of individual sequences cloned from PCR amplifications showed that there were phylogenetically diverse groups of bacteria that possessed

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Garg, Ritu, Manja Luckner, Jürgen Berger, et al. "Changes in Envelope Structure and Cell–Cell Communication during Akinete Differentiation and Germination in Filamentous Cyanobacterium Trichormus variabilis ATCC 29413." Life 12, no. 3 (2022): 429. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/life12030429.

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Planktonic freshwater filamentous cyanobacterium Trichormus variabilis ATCC 29413 (previously known as Anabaena variabilis) can differentiate heterocysts and akinetes to survive under different stress conditions. Whilst heterocysts enable diazotrophic growth, akinetes are spore-like resting cells that make the survival of the species possible under adverse growth conditions. Under suitable environmental conditions, they germinate to produce new vegetative filaments. Several morphological and physiological changes occur during akinete formation and germination. Here, using scanning electron mic

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Kulizin, Pavel Vladimirovich, Ekaterina Leonidovna Vodeneeva, and Alexander Gennadievich Okhapkin. "Phytoplankton of some rivers in the south of broadleaved forests subzone of the Middle Volga basin in a long-term perspective." Samara Journal of Science 10, no. 2 (2021): 45–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/snv2021102106.

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The paper provides information on the composition, structure and dynamics of phytoplankton of three morphologically different tributaries of the Cheboksary reservoir (the Vetluga, the Kerzhenets and the Vishnya rivers). The species composition of algae includes 826 species and intraspecific taxa, the flora was formed by diatom, green and euglena algae. It reflects the watercourses particularities of the southern taiga zone. Based on long-term studies of phytoplankton a change in the composition of algoflora by more than half was noticed, especially in the groups of Charophyta, Cryptophyta, Mio

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Buitenhuis, E. T., M. Vogt, R. Moriarty, et al. "MAREDAT: towards a World Ocean Atlas of MARine Ecosystem DATa." Earth System Science Data Discussions 5, no. 2 (2012): 1077–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/essdd-5-1077-2012.

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Abstract. We present a summary of biomass data for 11 Plankton Functional Types (PFTs) plus phytoplankton pigment data, compiled as part of the MARine Ecosystem biomass DATa (MAREDAT) initiative. The goal of the MAREDAT initiative is to provide global gridded data products with coverage of all biological components of the global ocean ecosystem. This special issue is the first step towards achieving this. The PFTs presented here include picophytoplankton, diazotrophs, coccolithophores, Phaeocystis, diatoms, picoheterotrophs, microzooplankton, foraminifers, mesozooplankton, pteropods and macroz

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Richardson, Katherine, and Jørgen Bendtsen. "Photosynthetic oxygen production in a warmer ocean: the Sargasso Sea as a case study." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 375, no. 2102 (2017): 20160329. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2016.0329.

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Photosynthetic O 2 production can be an important source of oxygen in sub-surface ocean waters especially in permanently stratified oligotrophic regions of the ocean where O 2 produced in deep chlorophyll maxima (DCM) is not likely to be outgassed. Today, permanently stratified regions extend across approximately 40% of the global ocean and their extent is expected to increase in a warmer ocean. Thus, predicting future ocean oxygen conditions requires a better understanding of the potential response of photosynthetic oxygen production to a warmer ocean. Based on our own and published observati

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Gómez, Fernando. "Symbioses of Ciliates (Ciliophora) and Diatoms (Bacillariophyceae): Taxonomy and Host–Symbiont Interactions." Oceans 1, no. 3 (2020): 133–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/oceans1030010.

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The nature of the plankton symbioses between ciliates and diatoms has been investigated from the tropical South Atlantic Ocean, and Mediterranean and Caribbean Seas. The obligate symbioses of the diatoms Chaetoceros dadayi or C. tetrastichon with the tintinnid Eutintinnus spp., and Chaetoceros coarctatus with the peritrich ciliate Vorticella oceanica are the most widespread, and the consortium of Chaetoceros densus and Vorticella sp. have been rediscovered. Facultative symbioses between Eutintinnus lususundae and Chaetoceros peruvianus, Hemiaulus spp., and Thalassionema sp. are less frequent,

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Landolfi, A., H. Dietze, W. Koeve, R. Mather, and R. Sanders. "Organic nutrients as sources of N and P to the upper layers of the North Atlantic subtropical gyre along 24.5° N." Biogeosciences Discussions 7, no. 3 (2010): 4001–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bgd-7-4001-2010.

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Abstract. There is a longstanding discussion on how the macronutrient requirement of the export production in the North Atlantic subtropical gyre is sustained. In this study we asses the role of dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) and phosphorous (DOP) as sources of new nutrients into the North Atlantic subtropical gyre at 24.5° N. We define, based on measurements of DON, DOP, phytoplankton community structure, stable nitrogen isotopic signals, surface mixed layer depth and ocean color as viewed from space, four regions characterized by different nutrient supply regimes. Within these regions, two

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Li, Na, Christopher J. Somes, Angela Landolfi, Chia-Te Chien, Markus Pahlow, and Andreas Oschlies. "Global impact of benthic denitrification on marine N₂ fixation and primary production simulated by a variable-stoichiometry Earth system model." Biogeosciences 21, no. 19 (2024): 4361–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-4361-2024.

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Abstract. Nitrogen (N) is a crucial limiting nutrient for phytoplankton growth in the ocean. The main source of bioavailable N in the ocean is delivered by N2-fixing diazotrophs in the surface layer. Since field observations of N2 fixation are spatially and temporally sparse, the fundamental processes and mechanisms controlling N2 fixation are not well understood and constrained. Here, we implement benthic denitrification in an Earth system model (ESM) of intermediate complexity (UVic ESCM 2.9) coupled to an optimality-based plankton–ecosystem model (OPEM v1.1). Benthic denitrification occurs

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Häder, Donat-P., and Kunshan Gao. "Aquatic Productivity under Multiple Stressors." Water 15, no. 4 (2023): 817. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w15040817.

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Aquatic ecosystems are responsible for about 50% of global productivity. They mitigate climate change by taking up a substantial fraction of anthropogenically emitted CO2 and sink part of it into the deep ocean. Productivity is controlled by a number of environmental factors, such as water temperature, ocean acidification, nutrient availability, deoxygenation and exposure to solar UV radiation. Recent studies have revealed that these factors may interact to yield additive, synergistic or antagonistic effects. While ocean warming and deoxygenation are supposed to affect mitochondrial respiratio

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Buitenhuis, E. T., M. Vogt, R. Moriarty, et al. "MAREDAT: towards a world atlas of MARine Ecosystem DATa." Earth System Science Data 5, no. 2 (2013): 227–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/essd-5-227-2013.

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Abstract. We present a summary of biomass data for 11 plankton functional types (PFTs) plus phytoplankton pigment data, compiled as part of the MARine Ecosystem biomass DATa (MAREDAT) initiative. The goal of the MAREDAT initiative is to provide, in due course, global gridded data products with coverage of all planktic components of the global ocean ecosystem. This special issue is the first step towards achieving this. The PFTs presented here include picophytoplankton, diazotrophs, coccolithophores, Phaeocystis, diatoms, picoheterotrophs, microzooplankton, foraminifers, mesozooplankton, pterop

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Meunier, Valentine, Sophie Bonnet, Mathieu Pernice, et al. "Bleaching forces coral's heterotrophy on diazotrophs and Synechococcus." ISME Journal, April 17, 2019. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2642852.

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Coral reefs are threatened by global warming, which disrupts the symbiosis between corals and their photosynthetic symbionts (Symbiodiniaceae), leading to mass coral bleaching. Planktonic diazotrophs, or dinitrogen (N<sub>2</sub>)-fixing prokaryotes are abundant in coral lagoon waters and could be an alternative nutrient source for corals. Here we incubated untreated and bleached coral colonies of <em>Stylophora pistillata</em> with a <sup>15</sup>N<sub>2</sub>-pre-labelled natural plankton assemblage containing diazotrophs. <sup>15</sup>N<sub>2</sub> assimilation rates in Symbiodiniaceae cell

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Riemann, Lasse, Eyal Rahav, Uta Passow, et al. "Planktonic Aggregates as Hotspots for Heterotrophic Diazotrophy: The Plot Thickens." Frontiers in Microbiology 13 (April 6, 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2022.875050.

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Biological dinitrogen (N2) fixation is performed solely by specialized bacteria and archaea termed diazotrophs, introducing new reactive nitrogen into aquatic environments. Conventionally, phototrophic cyanobacteria are considered the major diazotrophs in aquatic environments. However, accumulating evidence indicates that diverse non-cyanobacterial diazotrophs (NCDs) inhabit a wide range of aquatic ecosystems, including temperate and polar latitudes, coastal environments and the deep ocean. NCDs are thus suspected to impact global nitrogen cycling decisively, yet their ecological and quantitat

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Bednarz, Vanessa N., Jeroen A. J. M. van de Water, Renaud Grover, Jean-François Maguer, Maoz Fine, and Christine Ferrier-Pagès. "Unravelling the Importance of Diazotrophy in Corals – Combined Assessment of Nitrogen Assimilation, Diazotrophic Community and Natural Stable Isotope Signatures." Frontiers in Microbiology 12 (June 24, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2021.631244.

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There is an increasing interest in understanding the structure and function of the microbiota associated with marine and terrestrial organisms, because it can play a major role in host nutrition and resistance to environmental stress. Reef-building corals live in association with diazotrophs, which are microbes able to fix dinitrogen. Corals are known to assimilate diazotrophically-derived nitrogen (DDN), but it is still not clear whether this nitrogen source is derived from coral-associated diazotrophs and whether it substantially contributes to the coral’s nitrogen budget. In this study, we

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Meunier, Valentine, Sophie Bonnet, Mar Benavides, et al. "Diazotroph-Derived Nitrogen Assimilation Strategies Differ by Scleractinian Coral Species." Frontiers in Marine Science 8 (July 28, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2021.692248.

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Reef-building corals generally thrive in nutrient-poor tropical waters, where among other elements, nitrogen (N) availability often limits primary productivity. In addition to their close association with endosymbiotic dinoflagellates of the family Symbiodiniaceae, enabling an effective use and retention of dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN), scleractinian corals have developed strategies to acquire new N: (1) They can ingest N-rich sediment particles and preys (from picoplankton to macro-zooplankton) via heterotrophy, including diazotrophs [plankton fixing dinitrogen (N2) and releasing part o

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Wang, Seaver, Weiyi Tang, Erwan Delage, et al. "Investigating the microbial ecology of coastal hotspots of marine nitrogen fixation in the western North Atlantic." Scientific Reports 11, no. 1 (2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-84969-1.

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AbstractVariation in the microbial cycling of nutrients and carbon in the ocean is an emergent property of complex planktonic communities. While recent findings have considerably expanded our understanding of the diversity and distribution of nitrogen (N2) fixing marine diazotrophs, knowledge gaps remain regarding ecological interactions between diazotrophs and other community members. Using quantitative 16S and 18S V4 rDNA amplicon sequencing, we surveyed eukaryotic and prokaryotic microbial communities from samples collected in August 2016 and 2017 across the Western North Atlantic. Leveragi

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Geisler, Eyal, Anne Bogler, Eyal Rahav, and Edo Bar-Zeev. "Direct Detection of Heterotrophic Diazotrophs Associated with Planktonic Aggregates." Scientific Reports 9, no. 1 (2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-45505-4.

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