Relevant bibliographies by topics / Planning hierarchy

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Planning hierarchy'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Planning hierarchy"

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Ižaríková, Gabriela. "SUPPLIER PLANNING WITH ANALYTICAL HIERARCHY PROCESS." Acta Tecnología 5, no. 4 (December 31, 2019): 103–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.22306/atec.v5i4.67.

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Durbach, Ian. "Scenario planning in the analytic hierarchy process." FUTURES & FORESIGHT SCIENCE 1, no. 2 (April 2, 2019): e16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ffo2.16.

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Kaufman, Roger. "Alignment and Success: Applying the Hierarchy of Planning and the Needs‐Assesment Hierarchy." Performance Improvement 58, no. 7 (August 2019): 24–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pfi.21891.

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Cavati, C. "IA supported synchronous digital hierarchy transport network planning." International Transactions in Operational Research 6, no. 4 (July 1999): 365–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0969-6016(99)00003-9.

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Rahman, S. "Analytic Hierarchy Process and Electricity Supply System Planning." IFAC Proceedings Volumes 20, no. 5 (July 1987): 165–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1474-6670(17)55259-3.

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Dong, Jing-Xin, Tao Cheng, Jingjing Xu, and Jianping Wu. "Quantitative assessment of urban road network hierarchy planning." Town Planning Review 84, no. 4 (January 2013): 467–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/tpr.2013.24.

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Lahiri, Santi B. "Skill-sets migration planning via Analytic Hierarchy Process." Computers & Operations Research 19, no. 5 (July 1992): 313–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0305-0548(92)90063-b.

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Romao Cavati, C. "IA supported synchronous digital hierarchy transport network planning." International Transactions in Operational Research 6, no. 4 (July 1999): 365–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-3995.1999.tb00161.x.

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Dorweiler, V. P. "Legal case planning via the analytic hierarchy process." Mathematical Modelling 9, no. 3-5 (1987): 251–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0270-0255(87)90482-9.

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Chychkalo-Kondratska, Iryna, Viktoriia Dobryanska, and Volodymyr Miroshnichenko. "Marketing Planning in Housing Construction." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 3.2 (June 20, 2018): 86. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i3.2.14380.

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The construction company marketing planning process considering market possibilities under optimum using of the available resources is being investigated in the article. Usage of the General Electric corporate method at the marketing strategic planning level is considered. The improvement of General Electric approach with the help of the factors importance calculating by hierarchy method which makes strategic assessment more precise is suggested in the article. The list and hierarchy of factors have been received based on two-stage expert enquiry by L.S. Shkolnik «erector» method. At the level of tactical planning the method of linear programming is applied to optimize the use of resources. The offered methods enable making strategic business estimation more exact, and to spend resources of the organization with maximum efficiency at strategic plans implementation .
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Planning hierarchy"

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Gokhale, Mihir. "Use of analytical hierarchy process in university strategy planning." Diss., Rolla, Mo. : University of Missouri-Rolla, 2007. http://scholarsmine.mst.edu/thesis/pdf/thesis_mihir_09007dcc804ef452.pdf.

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Thesis (M.S.)--University of Missouri--Rolla, 2007.
Vita. The entire thesis text is included in file. Title from title screen of thesis/dissertation PDF file (viewed April 29, 2008) Includes bibliographical references (p. 96-100).
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Pietrzycki, James M. "Analytical Hierarchy Process in Pavement Management Systems." University of Toledo / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1404499466.

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Kristof, Gary Michael. "Planning Business Improvement using Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Design Structure Matrix (DSM)." Thesis, Montana State University, 2005. http://etd.lib.montana.edu/etd/2005/kristof/KristofG1205.pdf.

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Many management system engineering ideas and theories have evolved to help businesses grow and achieve their goals. Applying these ideas and theories to a business system is a strategic planning issue and results in a bewildering array of strategic alternatives for business system improvement. Choosing the appropriate alternatives is a complex and difficult decision. The most appropriate strategic alternative must be executable. To be executable the strategic alternative must not only be technically feasible, but must also overcome social and cultural obstructions. This research presents a planning approach to select the most appropriate strategic alternative and to plan its implementation. The planning approach is built on a planning framework synthesized from previous research. This framework involves the following planning functions: 1. Determine business strategic alternatives 2. Acquire business knowledge 3. Shape business for strategic advantage 4. Implement plan - operational engagement The planning approach uses Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), Project Management Tools (PMT) and Design Structure Matrix (DSM) to implement these functions and plan business improvements. This research demonstrates that rational hierarchies appropriate for strategic alternatives analysis using AHP can be constructed. Business scenarios are used to show that AHP method prioritizes alternative strategies differently under different business circumstances. In addition, the data generated by the AHP can be aggregated into statements of work and input into DSM to generate a project plan to implement organizational design changes and achieve strategic intent.
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Liberti, Leslie. "Using the Analytic Hierarchy Process for Project Selection in Municipal River Corridor Planning." Arizona-Nevada Academy of Science, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/296574.

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Chen, Ming. "Lot Sizing at the Operational Planning and Shop Floor Scheduling Levels of the Decision Hierarchy of Various Production Systems." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/29435.

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The research work presented in this dissertation relates to lot sizing and its applications in the areas of operational planning and shop floor scheduling and control. Lot sizing enables a proper loading of requisite number of jobs on the machines in order to optimize the performance of an underlying production system. We address lot sizing problems that are encountered at the order entry level as well as those that are faced at the time of distributing the jobs from one machine to another and those that arise before shipping the jobs (orders) to customers. There are different issues and performance measures involved during each of these scenarios, which make the lot sizing problems encountered in these scenarios different from one another. We present algorithms and relevant theoretical analyses for each of the lot sizing problems considered, and also, present results of numerical experimentation to depict their effectiveness We first study the lot sizing problem encountered while transferring jobs from one machine to another. A lot of the jobs is to be split into smaller lots (called sublots) such that the lot is processed on multiple machines in an overlapping manner, a process which is known in the literature as lot streaming. Two lot streaming problems, FL2/n/C and FLm/1/C, are investigated in Chapter 2. FL2/n/C involves a two-machine flow shop in which multiple lots are to be processed. The objective is to minimize the combined cost of makespan and material handling (the latter is proportional to the number of sublots). A dynamic programming-based methodology is developed to determine the optimal sublot sizes and the number of sublots for each lot while assuming a known sequence in which to process the lots. We designate this problem as LSP-DP. This methodology is, then, extended to determine an optimal sequence in which to process the lots in conjunction with the number of sublots and sublot sizes for each lot. We designate this problem as LSSP-DP. Three multidimensional heuristic search procedures (denoted as LSSP-Greedy, LSSP-Cyclic and LSSP-ZP) are proposed for this problem in order to obtain good-quality solutions in a reasonable amount of computational time. Our experimentation reveals that both lot streaming and lot sequencing generate significant benefits, if used alone. However, for the objective of minimizing total handling and makespan cost, lot streaming is more beneficial than lot sequencing. The combined use of lot streaming and sequencing, expectedly, results in the largest improvement over an initial random solution. LSP-DP is found to be very efficient, and so are the three LSSP heuristics, all of which are able to generate near-optimal solutions. On the average, LSSP-Greedy generates the best solutions among the three, and LSSP-Cyclic requires the least time. FLm/1/C deals with the streaming of a single lot over multiple machines in a flow shop. The objective is a unified cost function that comprises of contributions due to makespan, mean flow time, work-in-process, transfer time and setup time. The distinctive features of our problem pertain to the inclusion of sublot-attached setup time and the fact that idling among the sublots of a lot is permitted. A solution procedure that relies on an approximation equation to determine sublot size is developed for this problem for equal-size sublots. The approximation avoids the need for numerical computations, and enables the procedure to run in polynomial time. Our experimentation shows that this solution procedure performs quite well and frequently generates the optimal solution. Since the objective function involves multiple criteria, we further study the marginal cost ratios of various pairs of the criteria, and propose cost sensitivity indices to help in estimating the impact of marginal cost values on the number of sublots obtained. The lot sizing problem addressed in Chapter 3 is motivated by a real-life setting associated with semiconductor manufacturing. We first investigate the integration of lot sizing (at the operational planning level) and dispatching (at the scheduling and control level) in this environment. Such an integration is achieved by forming a closed-loop control system between lot sizing and dispatching. It works as follows: lot sizing module determines lot sizes (loading quota) for each processing buffer based on the current buffer status via a detailed linear programming model. The loading quotas are then used by the dispatching module as a general guideline for dispatching lots on the shop floor. A dispatching rule called â largest-remaining-quota-firstâ (LRQ) is designed to drive the buffer status to its desired level as prescribed by the lot sizing module. Once the buffer status is changed or a certain amount of time has passed, loading quotas are updated by the lot sizing module. Our experimentation, using the simulation of a real-life wafer fab, reveals that the proposed approach outperforms the existing practice (which is based on â first-in-first-outâ (FIFO) model and an ad-hoc lot sizing method). Significant improvements are obtained in both mean values and standard deviations of the performance metrics, which include finished-goods inventory, backlog, throughput and work-in-process. The integration of lot sizing and dispatching focuses on the design of an overall production system architecture. Another lot sizing problem that we present in Chapter 3 deals with input control (or workload control) that complements this architecture. Input control policies are responsible for feeding the production system with the right amount of work and at the right time, and are usually divided into â pushâ or â pullâ categories. We develop a two-phase input control methodology to improve system throughput and the average cycle time of the lots. In phase 1, appropriate operational lot sizes are determined with regard to weekly demand, so as to keep the lot start rate at the desired level. In phase 2, a â pullâ policy, termed CONLOAD, is applied to keep the bottleneckâ s workload at a target level by releasing new lots into the system whenever the workload level is below the desired level. Since the operators are found to be the bottleneck of the system in our preliminary investigation, the â operator workloadâ is used as system workload in this study. Using throughput and cycle time as the performance metrics, it is shown that this two-phase CONLOAD methodology achieves significant improvement over the existing CONWIP-like policy. Furthermore, a reference table for the target operator workload is established with varying weekly demand and lot start rate. The last lot sizing problem that we address has to do with the integration of production and shipping operations of a make-to-order manufacturer. The objective is to minimize the total cost of shipping and inventory (from manufacturerâ s perspective) as well as the cost of earliness and tardiness of an order (from customerâ s perspective). An integer programming (IP) model is developed that captures the key features of this problem, including production and delivery lead times, multiple distinct capacitated machines and arbitrary processing route, among others. By utilizing the generalized upper bound (GUB) structure of this IP model, we are able to generate a simplified first-level RLT (Reformulation Linearization Technique) relaxation that guarantees the integrity of one set of GUB variables when it is solved as a linear programming (LP) problem. This allows us to obtain a tighter lower bound at a node of a branch-and-bound procedure. The GUB-based RLT relaxation is complemented by a GUB identification procedure to identify the set of GUB variables that, once restricted to integer values, would result in the largest increment in the objective value. The tightening procedure described above leads to the development of a RLT-based branch-and-bound algorithm. Our experimentation shows that this algorithm is able to search the branch-and-bound tree more efficiently, and hence, generates better solutions in a given amount of time.
Ph. D.
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MILZ, GEOFFREY G. "Beyond Ad-Hoc: An Application of Multiple Criteria Decision Analysis in Emergency Planning and Response." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1212072805.

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Humeres, M. Francisco J. (Francisco Javier Humeres Marfan). "Power Centrality as a relational measure of urban hierarchy : testing the splintering urbanism theory with social media data from Santiago de Chile." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/87523.

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Thesis: M.C.P., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Urban Studies and Planning, 2014.
Page 62 blank. Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 60-61).
Power Centrality, a measure of node importance within a network, is borrowed from the field of Social Network Analysis and applied to the assessment of Urban Hierarchy. Based on the overlaps of human activity between places, Power Centrality is tried as a method for measuring a particular feedback property: How well connected are places to other well connected places. In this research Power Centrality is used to assess a recent model of Urban Structure: The Splintering Urbanism Theory of Graham and Marvin (2001). This theory posits that the contemporary city is a fragmented agglomeration of isolated urban pieces, where distant but valuable fragments are highly connected between them, bypassing their less valuable surroundings. The causal explanation provided by Graham and Marvin is centered on their concept of premium networks: Networks customized for valuable (users in terms of income or power). The reach of this theory is assessed by studying the case of a mass transit system in a developing country: The Metro or subway of Santiago de Chile. The spatial hypothesis of Graham and Marvin is tested empirically through the use of the Power Centrality Measure, applied to a dataset of 242.000 twitter statuses generated by Metro users, while the causal explanation is evaluated by comparing the results with an unbiased sample of 110,000 statuses. Power Centrality allowed the identification of central locations that by standard measures of spatial concentration would have remained undetected. Furthermore, the results evidenced how Metro could be acting as a mass public bypass that connects these emergent centralities, challenging the concept of premium networks posited by Graham and Marvin.
by Francisco J. Humeres M.
M.C.P.
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Erkin, Eda. "Integration Of Gis Techniques With Tourism Planning A Case Study: Bodrum Peninsula, Mugla, Turkey." Master's thesis, METU, 2010. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/2/12611691/index.pdf.

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Tourism is an important economic activity in our country as it is all around the world. It is also defined as an industry which is related to other economical sectors. Therefore, governments need to manage, develop and market the tourism facilities so that tourism industry can help economical growth effectively. Tourism planning means to manage large amount of data. Therefore, it is desirable to integrate Geographic Information Systems and also Remote Sensing to planning. The aim of the thesis is to define how to increase the contributions of GIS for site selection purposes for new tourism types. The case study is chosen as Bodrum Peninsula that is the hearth of Turkey in tourism sector. The fast and unplanned tourism development is causing some problems in nature, transportation, social and technical infrastructure of Bodrum. Summer houses, hotels, holiday villages are built up increasingly, so a huge difference occurs between winter (97.000) and summer (1.500.000) populations, which produce one of the reasons for problems. In this study, new tourism types, which are camping, caravanning, grass-skiing, site-parachuting and biking activities, are suggested in Bodrum Peninsula. Site selection process for these types is performed according to the requirements defined by the Youth and Sport Association. Slope, aspect, and proximity analyses are performed in order to find the suitable areas for each tourism type. Then, analytical hierarchy process technique is used to give weight to each criterion to emphasize their effects. Finally, site selection results are compared with the environmental plan.
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Al-Fawaz, Khaled. "Investigating enterprise resource planning adoption and implementation in service sector organisations." Thesis, Brunel University, 2012. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/10078.

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This thesis investigates Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) adoption and implementation in Service Sector Organisations (SSOs). ERP is a business management system that has emerged to support organisations to use a system of integrated applications to enhance their Information Technology (IT) infrastructures, enhance business processes and deliver high quality of services. Regardless of the fact that several other sector organisations have adopted and implemented ERP systems, its application in SSOs is rather inadequate. Among other reasons, two core rationales can be attributed to the latter fact – firstly, SSOs lack the sufficient knowledge, expertise and training to implement such sophisticated integrated systems and secondly, the top management lacks the ability to take appropriate decisions for ERP adoption and implementation. However, merely focusing on a number of factors influencing ERP adoption and implementation may not be suffice, as there is a need for a systematic decision-making process for adopting and implementing ERP systems in SSOs. The limited number of ERP systems’ applications in SSOs has resulted in inadequate research in this area with many issues, like its adoption and implementation requiring further exploration. Despite, the implications of ERP systems have yet to be assessed in SSOs, leaving ample scope for relevance and producing a unique piece of research work. Thus, the author demonstrates that it is of high importance to investigate this area within SSOs and contribute towards successful ERP adoption and implementation. This thesis makes a step forward and contributes to the body of knowledge as it: investigates factors influencing the decision-making process for ERP adoption and implementation in SSOs, prioritises the importance of factors influencing ERP adoption and implementation, evaluates ERP lifecycle phases and stages, maps the ERP factors on different phases and stages of the ERP lifecycle, and in doing so, to propose a model for ERP adoption and implementation in SSOs. The author claims that such an ERP adoption and implementation process in SSOs is significant and novel as: it extends established norms for ERP adoption and implementation, by including Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) technique for prioritising the importance of factors, thus, facilitating SSOs to produce more robust proposals for ERP adoption and implementation. The author further assess the proposed ERP adoption and implementation model by using a qualitative, interpretive, multiple case study research strategy. Findings from two case studies demonstrate that such a systematic approach contributes towards more robust decisions for ERP adoption and implementation and indicates that it is acceptable by the case study organisations. The thesis proposes, assesses and presents a novel model for ERP adoption and implementation in SSOs and contributes to the body of knowledge by extending the literature.
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Leung, Wai-kwan. "Curriculum decision-making within the hierarchy of aided secondary schools during a period of curriculum change the case of advanced supplementary level in Hong Kong /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2001. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B23457156.

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Books on the topic "Planning hierarchy"

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The analytic hierarchy process: Planning, priority setting, resource allocation. 2nd ed. Pittsburgh: RWS publications, 1990.

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Ghobadian, Abby. Hierarchy of strategy: The state of play. Bradford: Emerald Group Press, 2007.

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Goodwin, P. B. The end of hierarchy?: A new perspective on managing the road network. London: CPRE, 1995.

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Kierans, Anne. Devising a survival strategy through the use of the analytic hierarchy process for a school challenged by dramaticenrolment decline. Dublin: University College Dublin, 1996.

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Zhongguo dong bu san da du shi quan cheng shi ti xi yan hua ji zhi yan jiu: Research on urban hierarchy evolution of eastern three metropolitan areas in China. Hangzhou Shi: Zhejiang da xue chu ban she, 2012.

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Sokołowski, Dariusz. Funkcje centralne i hierarchia funkcjonalna miast w Polsce. Toruń: Wydawn. Uniwersytetu Mikołaja Kopernika, 2006.

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Eberspächer, J. Enterprise 2.0: Unternehmen zwischen Hierarchie und Selbstorganisation. Heidelberg: Springer, 2010.

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Vargas, Luis G., Kevin P. Kearns, and Thomas L. Saaty. Analytical Planning/the Logic of Priorities (Analytic Hierarchy Process). RWS Publications, 1991.

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Kearns, Kevin P., and Thomas L. Saaty. The Logic of Priorites/Analytical Planning (Analytic Hierarchy Process). 2nd ed. RWS Publications, 1991.

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Proyek Pengembangan Regional Maluku (Indonesia), ed. Delineation of planning regions and hierarchy of development centres: A revised proposal. Ambon: Maluku Regional Planning and Development Project, 1987.

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Book chapters on the topic "Planning hierarchy"

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de Haan, Ronald. "Planning Problems." In Parameterized Complexity in the Polynomial Hierarchy, 251–59. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-60670-4_12.

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Bredrup, Harald. "The Traditional Planning Hierarchy." In Performance Management, 91–102. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-1212-3_5.

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Fatti, L. Paul. "Water Research Planning in South Africa." In The Analytic Hierarchy Process, 122–37. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-50244-6_8.

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Saaty, Thomas L., and Luis G. Vargas. "The Analytic Hierarchy Process: Planning and Risk." In Prediction, Projection and Forecasting, 11–32. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-7952-0_2.

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Turner, Hudson. "Polynomial-Length Planning Spans the Polynomial Hierarchy." In Logics in Artificial Intelligence, 111–24. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-45757-7_10.

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Schmoldt, Daniel L., and David L. Peterson. "Strategic and Tactical Planning for Managing National Park Resources." In The Analytic Hierarchy Process in Natural Resource and Environmental Decision Making, 67–79. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-9799-9_5.

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Kurt, Şeymanur, and Lale Özbakır. "Career Planning with Personality Inventories and Intuitionistic Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process." In Intelligent and Fuzzy Techniques in Big Data Analytics and Decision Making, 644–52. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-23756-1_78.

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Zhang, Shiqi, Fangkai Yang, Piyush Khandelwal, and Peter Stone. "Mobile Robot Planning Using Action Language $${\mathcal {BC}}$$ with an Abstraction Hierarchy." In Logic Programming and Nonmonotonic Reasoning, 502–16. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-23264-5_42.

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Kangas, Jyrki, Leena A. Hytönen, and Teppo Loikkanen. "Integrating the AHP and HERO into the Process of Participatory Natural Resources Planning." In The Analytic Hierarchy Process in Natural Resource and Environmental Decision Making, 131–47. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-9799-9_9.

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Campeol, Giovanni, Sandra Carollo, and Nicola Masotto. "An Application of the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) in the SEA Process of a Cross-Border Transport Strategy: The Veneto-Austria Corridor." In Strategic Environmental Assessment and Urban Planning, 65–78. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-46180-5_5.

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Conference papers on the topic "Planning hierarchy"

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Malik, G. S., Rajiv Gupta, Arun Daya, and Varun Kumar Singh. "Strategic Planning in Crisis Situation." In International Symposium on the Analytic Hierarchy Process. Creative Decisions Foundation, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.13033/isahp.y2014.161.

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Zamora, Fabiola, and Isabel Zapata. "Territorial Planning in Chile." In The International Symposium on the Analytic Hierarchy Process. Creative Decisions Foundation, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.13033/isahp.y2007.044.

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Kadenko, Sergii. "DECISION SUPPORT ARSENAL USAGE FOR STRATEGIC PLANNING." In International Symposium on the Analytic Hierarchy Process. Creative Decisions Foundation, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.13033/isahp.y2016.054.

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Monacciani, Fabiana. "A PARTICIPATORY APPROACH FOR INVESTMENTS PLANNING." In The International Symposium on the Analytic Hierarchy Process. Creative Decisions Foundation, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.13033/isahp.y2011.140.

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Hwang, Heung-Suk, Chun-Ling Chuang, and Meng Jong. "Supplier Selection And Planning Model Using Ahp." In The International Symposium on the Analytic Hierarchy Process. Creative Decisions Foundation, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.13033/isahp.y2005.052.

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Levy, Jason, Keith W. Hipel, and Ali Asgary. "Disaster Planning and Management with Dynamic AHP." In The International Symposium on the Analytic Hierarchy Process. Creative Decisions Foundation, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.13033/isahp.y2005.026.

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Xie Hong-yong and Huang Song. "Tourism Planning Assessment Based on Analytic Hierarchy Process." In 2010 3rd International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining (WKDD 2010). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/wkdd.2010.78.

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Lv, Miao, and Xue Chen. "Heuristic Based Multi-Hierarchy Passive Optical Network Planning." In 2009 5th International Conference on Wireless Communications, Networking and Mobile Computing (WiCOM). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/wicom.2009.5302732.

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Höller, Daniel, Pascal Bercher, and Gregor Behnke. "Delete- and Ordering-Relaxation Heuristics for HTN Planning." In Twenty-Ninth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Seventeenth Pacific Rim International Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-PRICAI-20}. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2020/564.

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In HTN planning, the hierarchy has a wide impact on solutions. First, there is (usually) no state-based goal given, the objective is given via the hierarchy. Second, it enforces actions to be in a plan. Third, planners are not allowed to add actions apart from those introduced via decomposition, i.e. via the hierarchy. However, no heuristic considers the interplay of hierarchy and actions in the plan exactly (without relaxation) because this makes heuristic calculation NP-hard even under delete relaxation. We introduce the problem class of delete- and ordering-free HTN planning as basis for novel HTN heuristics and show that its plan existence problem is still NP-complete. We then introduce heuristics based on the new class using an integer programming model to solve it.
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Piantanakulchai, Mongkut. "Analytic Network Process Model For Highway Corridor Planning." In The International Symposium on the Analytic Hierarchy Process. Creative Decisions Foundation, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.13033/isahp.y2005.016.

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