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Journal articles on the topic 'Planning Solutions'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 5 June 2025

Last updated: 1 August 2025

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1

Afinogenov, D. A., E. Yu Kochemasova, and S. N. Sylvestrov. "Strategic Planning: Challenges and Solutions." World of new economy 13, no. 2 (2019): 23–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.26794/2220-6469-2019-13-2-23-31.

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The purpose of the proposed article is to identify the range of challenges and their solutions related to the practice of implementation of the Federal law “On strategic planning” in 2015–2018. The authors revealed the causes of redundancy, the inconsistency of strategic planning documents, different in level and importance for public administration. We showed that the lack of interconnection of goals and criteria for their achievement at different levels of management and between ministries (departments), the lack of a generally accepted methodology for the analysis and evaluation of the impl

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2

Behnke, Gregor, Daniel Höller, and Susanne Biundo. "This Is a Solution! (... But Is It Though?) - Verifying Solutions of Hierarchical Planning Problems." Proceedings of the International Conference on Automated Planning and Scheduling 27 (June 5, 2017): 20–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/icaps.v27i1.13811.

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Plan-Verification is the task of determining whether a plan is a solution to a given planning problem. Any plan verifier has, apart from showing that verifying plans is possible in practice, a wide range of possible applications. These include mixed-initiative planning, where a user is integrated into the planning process, and local search, e.g., for post-optimising plans or for plan repair. In addition to its practical interest, plan verification is also a problem worth investigating for theoretical reasons. Recent work showed plan verification for hierarchical planning problems to be NP-comp

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3

Davis, William Y., Chi Ho Sham, Thomas E. Dumm, and Lara R. Kammereck. "Total Water Solutions -- Total Water Solutions: Integrated Water Resource Planning." Journal - American Water Works Association 108 (May 1, 2016): 18–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.5942/jawwa.2016.108.0087.

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4

Zacarias, Fernando, Rosalba Cuapa, Guillermo De Ita, Daniel Torres, and Acosta J.C. "Planning Solutions in the Real World." International Journal of Artificial Intelligence & Applications 5, no. 3 (2014): 53–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.5121/ijaia.2014.5304.

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Hvolby, H. H., J. Trienekens, and K. Steger-Jensen. "Buyer–supplier relationships and planning solutions." Production Planning & Control 18, no. 6 (2007): 487–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09537280701520802.

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Radzinska, Y., S. Kuzmenko, and А. Zhehulska. "GEOINFORMATION SYSTEMS IN URBAN PLANNING SOLUTIONS." Municipal economy of cities 3, no. 191 (2025): 408–12. https://doi.org/10.33042/2522-1809-2025-3-191-408-412.

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The purpose of this article is to investigate modern approaches, methodologies, and principles in the application of geoinformation systems (GIS) in urban planning decisions. The study provides an in-depth analysis of the functional capabilities of GIS and emphasizes their integration with complementary technologies such as remote sensing, global positioning systems (GPS), and building information modeling (BIM). By consolidating diverse spatial data sources, GIS facilitates comprehensive analysis and visualization of urban environments, thereby supporting informed decision-making in urban dev

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7

Coman, Alexandra. "Solution Diversity in Planning." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 26, no. 1 (2021): 2386–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v26i1.8186.

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Diverse planning consists of generating multiple different solutions for the same planning problem. I explore solution diversity, based on quantitative (domain-independent) and qualitative (domain-dependent) distance metrics, in deterministic and nondeterministic planning domains.

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8

Denney, Dennis. "Planning Fit-for-Purpose Roller-Technology Solutions." Journal of Petroleum Technology 55, no. 07 (2003): 56–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/0703-0056-jpt.

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Shirokova, Ol'ga, and Alena Pavlyuk. "PLANNING SOLUTIONS FOR SPACES FOR REMOTE OPERATION." Construction and Architecture 9, no. 4 (2021): 86–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.29039/2308-0191-2021-9-4-86-90.

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This article explores the possibilities of remote work. A definition is given, a regulatory framework is identified. The main advantages and disadvantages are analyzed. The negative factors that make it difficult to carry out work at home are identified. To compensate for the proposed use cases of spaces, also called co-working spaces. For the organization of remote work, there are five groups of needs. To meet the needs of the appropriate jobs. These are isolated rooms, open areas, meeting rooms, creative workshops, and rooms for group activi-ties. Typical modular planning solutions consistin

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Clinch, J. Peter, Eoin O'Neill, and Paula Russell. "'Pure' and 'impure' Coasian solutions in planning." Town Planning Review 79, no. 6 (2008): 623–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/tpr.79.6.3.

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11

Matthys, Neil, and Jack D. Shorter. "Electronic Resource Planning Solutions for Business Processes." Journal of Computer Information Systems 41, no. 1 (2000): 45–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08874417.2000.11646974.

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12

D'Ignazio, Janet, and Julie Hunkins. "Context-Sensitive Solutions in the Planning Process." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1904, no. 1 (2005): 75–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198105190400108.

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During the past 5 years, there has been a national movement to integrate context-sensitive solutions (CSS) into transportation project planning and design. Applying CSS principles in the long-range planning process would help ensure that projects were CSS friendly from their earliest conception. This possibility has prompted CSS experts to discuss how CSS can be integrated into long-range planning. Two environmental stewardship initiatives under way at the North Carolina Department of Transportation (NCDOT) provide a unique opportunity to explore this area. In the first initiative, NCDOT has a

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13

Aylett, R. S., G. J. Petley, P. W. H. Chung, B. Chen, and D. W. Edwards. "AI planning: solutions for real world problems." Knowledge-Based Systems 13, no. 2-3 (2000): 61–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0950-7051(00)00047-2.

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14

BALDUCCINI, MARCELLO, DANIELE MAGAZZENI, MARCO MARATEA, and EMILY C. LEBLANC. "CASP solutions for planning in hybrid domains." Theory and Practice of Logic Programming 17, no. 4 (2017): 591–633. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1471068417000187.

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AbstractConstraint answer set programming (CASP) is an extension of answer set programming that allows for numerical constraints to be added in the rules. PDDL+ is an extension of the PDDL standard language of automated planning for modeling mixed discrete-continuous dynamics. In this paper, we present CASP solutions for dealing with PDDL+ problems, i.e., encoding from PDDL+ to CASP, and extensions to the algorithm of the ezcsp CASP solver in order to solve CASP programs arising from PDDL+ domains. An experimental analysis, performed on well-known linear and non-linear variants of PDDL+ domain

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15

Bulger, Roger J. "Creative Solutions To Work-force Planning Dilemmas." Health Affairs 12, no. 4 (1993): 257–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.12.4.257.

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16

Peterson, Keith. "Enterprise-wide analytical solutions for distribution planning." Journal of Database Marketing & Customer Strategy Management 11, no. 1 (2003): 13–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.dbm.3240202.

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Sborshchikov, Sergej B., and Pavel A. Zhuravlev. "Organizing the development of urban planning solutions." Stroitel'stvo: nauka i obrazovanie [Construction: Science and Education] 12, no. 2 (2022): 6–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.22227/2305-5502.2022.2.1.

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Introduction. The integrated and sustainable development of urban areas within the framework of urban planning is based on the principle of effective use and is embodied in urban planning solutions. Characteristic aspects of appropriate urban planning solutions encompass various technical, technological, social, environmental, economic issues and development peculiarities of urban areas and buildings. Urban planning solutions, developed for areas and buildings in need of an effective management and evaluation system and a comfortable and safe urban environment, are the subject of this research

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Katz, Michael, Shirin Sohrabi, and Octavian Udrea. "Bounding Quality in Diverse Planning." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 36, no. 9 (2022): 9805–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v36i9.21216.

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Diverse planning is an important problem in automated planning with many real world applications. Recently, diverse planning has seen renewed interest, with work that defines a taxonomy of computational problems with respect to both plan quality and solution diversity. However, despite the recent advances in diverse planning, the variety of approaches and the number of available planners are still quite limited, even nonexistent for several computational problems. In this work, we aim to extend the portfolio of planners for various computational problems in diverse planning. To that end, we in

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19

Zhou, Junping, Weihua Su, Zhiqiang Ma, and Minghao Yin. "Phase Transitions of Contingent Planning Problem." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2013 (2013): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/687578.

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This paper explores the phase transitions of the contingent planning problems. We present CONTINGENT PLAN-EXISTENCE algorithm and CONTINGENT PLAN-NONEXISTENCE algorithm for quickly proving that the contingent planning instances have solutions and have no solutions, respectively. By analyzing the two algorithms, the phase transition area of the contingent planning problems is obtained. If the number of the actions is not greater thanθub, the CONTINGENT PLAN-NONEXISTENCE algorithm can prove that nearly all the contingent planning instances have no solution. If the number of the actions is not lo

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Grace, Shania, Ratnauli Padang, Dwi Putri Saskia, Inez Adelia Lapian, Syaloom Lestari Simanjuntak, and Fitri Yani Panggabean. "Medan City Development Planning and Challenges and Solutions in City Development Planning." Formosa Journal of Sustainable Research 4, no. 1 (2025): 99–104. https://doi.org/10.55927/fjsr.v4i1.13723.

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The research method used in this study is the literature review method. Research articles collected in this study used manual searches via Google Scholar with the keyword "Development Planning". The results of the study indicate that the Medan City BAPPEDA has shown good performance in carrying out its duties and functions, but is still faced with problems such as minimal community participation and less than optimal performance effectiveness. Age, education, employment, the COVID-19 pandemic, crime, and natural disasters are obstacles. To increase the economic capacity of Medan City, an effec

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21

Dietrichs, B. "Regional Planning." Environment and Planning C: Government and Policy 7, no. 4 (1989): 395–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/c070395.

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Spatial planning at the regional level is a particularly good example of ‘centralization versus decentralization’ in a federal system. In one respect the region is dependent on the central level, as far as its legal bases, organizational forms, and planning tasks are concerned; but the cities and counties should be allowed to specify the functions they perform in their own region. This is the crux of the conflict in finding an effective balance between centralization and decentralization. Solutions to date in the FRG have favored a progressive centralization. Because of the increasing economic

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22

Amgothu, Sudheer, and Giridhar Kankanala. "Sap on Cloud Solutions." Journal of Biomedical and Engineering Research 2, no. 2 (2024): 1–06. https://doi.org/10.64030/3065-8780.02.02.07.

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The advent of SAP S/4HANA has heralded a new era in enterprise resource planning (ERP), promising enhanced agility, efficiency, and innovation for businesses across industries. As organizations embark on their digital transformation journeys, migrating to SAP S/4HANA has emerged as a pivotal step towards achieving greater operational excellence and competitive advantage. This paper elaborates the fundamental concepts of SAP ON CLOUD, multiple cloud providers, Hybrid solutions, SAP On-premises choices in enabling real-time data processing, intelligent decision-making, and streamlined business p

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23

Bryce, Daniel. "Planning for Multiple Preferences versus Planning with No Preference." ISRN Artificial Intelligence 2012 (November 13, 2012): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.5402/2012/714245.

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Many planning applications must address conflicting plan objectives, such as cost, duration, and resource consumption, and decision makers want to know the possible tradeoffs. Traditionally, such problems are solved by invoking a single-objective algorithm (such as A*) on multiple, alternative preferences of the objectives to identify nondominated plans. The less-popular alternative is to delay such reasoning and directly optimize multiple plan objectives with a search algorithm like multiobjective A* (MOA*). The relative performance of these two approaches hinges upon the number of -values co

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24

Kalakanti, Arun Kumar, and Shrisha Rao. "Charging Station Planning for Electric Vehicles." Systems 10, no. 1 (2022): 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/systems10010006.

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Charging station (CS) planning for electric vehicles (EVs) for a region has become an important concern for urban planners and the public alike to improve the adoption of EVs. Two major problems comprising this research area are: (i) the EV charging station placement (EVCSP) problem, and (ii) the CS need estimation problem for a region. In this work, different explainable solutions based on machine learning (ML) and simulation were investigated by incorporating quantitative and qualitative metrics. The solutions were compared with traditional approaches using a real CS area of Austin and a gre

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25

Ponomarev, Roman, Nina Buzalo, and Maksim Klimenko. "DESIGN SOLUTIONS OF MODERN SCHOOL BUILDINGS." Construction and Architecture 9, no. 1 (2021): 61–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.29039/2308-0191-2021-9-1-61-65.

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The article is devoted to the development of the school education system in Russia and planning decisions of school buildings from the beginning of the 19th century to the present. The issues of urban planning policy and the development of trends in the design of school buildings are touched upon. The advantages, expediency and prospects of using the design solutions adopted in Finland for secondary schools are considered. The influence of foreign design solutions on the development of school buildings in Russia is shown. The factors that should be taken into account when assessing the archite

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26

Domina, Olena. "FEATURES OF FINDING OPTIMAL SOLUTIONS IN NETWORK PLANNING." EUREKA: Physics and Engineering, no. 6 (November 30, 2020): 82–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.21303/2461-4262.2020.001471.

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The object of research is a test network diagram, in relation to which the task of minimizing the objective function qmax/qmin→min is posed, which requires maximizing the uniformity of the workload of personnel when implementing an arbitrary project using network planning. The formulation of the optimization problem, therefore, assumed finding such times of the beginning of the execution of operations, taken as input variables, in order to ensure the minimum value of the ratio of the peak workload of personnel to the minimum workload. The procedure for studying the response surface propo

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27

Khisham, Azzaui. "FORMATION OF ARCHITECTURAL PLANNING SOLUTIONS OF MOROCCO HOTELS." Vìsnik Nacìonalʹnogo unìversitetu "Lʹvìvsʹka polìtehnìka". Serìâ Arhìtektura 4, no. 1 (2022): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/sa2022.01.001.

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The article analyzes the principles of location of the hotel building on the site, the main and auxiliary blocks; definition of the main functional zones, representative zone, zones of parking lots, sports zones, rest and recreation; solution of pedestrian-transport communications on the territory of the site: entrance - exit of special transport, parking of ground and underground parking, pedestrian communication schemes; landscaping of outdoor and indoor spaces: special plantings, lawns, flower beds, rock gardens, installation of noise protection and visual observation zones. The main types

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28

Tadic, Snezana, and Slobodan Zecevic. "Integrated planning aimed at sustainability city logistics solutions." Tehnika 70, no. 1 (2015): 164–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/tehnika1501164t.

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29

Oppermann, Bettina, and Kerstin Langer. "Win-Win-Solutions in Spatial Planning in Germany." Built Environment 29, no. 2 (2003): 171–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.2148/benv.29.2.171.54465.

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30

Li, Y., D. W. Wang, and W. H. Ip. "Earliness/Tardiness Production Scheduling and Planning, and solutions." Production Planning & Control 9, no. 3 (1998): 275–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/095372898234253.

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31

Huang, Xiaokang, Huazhou Chen, Rui Wang, et al. "Tower Crane Layout Planning: Multi-Optimal Solutions Algorithm." Buildings 14, no. 12 (2024): 3760. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings14123760.

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Effective tower crane layout planning is essential for the success of construction projects. Traditional optimization algorithms, which often provide a single optimal solution, may not always reveal the global optimum, leaving room for doubt. This paper introduces the competitor algorithm, a novel multi-optimal solution approach inspired by the competitive learning paradigm within classroom settings. This algorithm is designed to provide users with a diverse set of competitive solutions, while avoiding falling into local optima. This strategic diversification ensures that users are equipped wi

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32

Lemes de Oliveira, Fabiano. "Nature in nature-based solutions in urban planning." Landscape and Urban Planning 256 (April 2025): 105282. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2024.105282.

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33

Gudimetla, Sandeep Reddy. "RESILIENT SYSTEMS: PLANNING AND IMPLEMENTING DISASTER RECOVERY SOLUTIONS." Turkish Journal of Computer and Mathematics Education (TURCOMAT) 11, no. 1 (2020): 1725–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.61841/turcomat.v11i1.14709.

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This paper explores the critical elements of resilient systems, focusing on the planning and implementation of disaster recovery solutions. It highlights the significance of resilience in maintaining system operations during and after adverse events such as cyber-attacks and natural disasters. The comprehensive framework presented covers risk assessment, business impact analysis, and recovery strategy development, emphasizing the importance of proactive planning. Various implementation strategies, including redundant systems, data backup protocols, and cloud-based solutions, are examined. Prac

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34

Roussel, Joseph, Hans Kuenn, and Phil Schoepke. "Unlocking the Value from Supply Chain Planning Solutions." Supply Chain Forum: An International Journal 3, no. 1 (2002): 30–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/16258312.2002.11517095.

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35

Balakrishnan, Ramji, and K. Sivaramakrishnan. "Sequential Solutions to Capacity-Planning and Pricing Decisions*." Contemporary Accounting Research 18, no. 1 (2001): 1–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1506/y6tg-1kq9-12gv-l5yy.

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36

James, Roger. "Business intelligence and capacity planning: web-based solutions." British Journal of Hospital Medicine 71, no. 7 (2010): 395–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/hmed.2010.71.7.48998.

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37

Paul, Gerald, Gabriele Röger, Thomas Keller, and Malte Helmert. "Optimal Solutions to Large Logistics Planning Domain Problems." Proceedings of the International Symposium on Combinatorial Search 8, no. 1 (2021): 73–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/socs.v8i1.18428.

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We propose techniques for efficiently determining optimal solutions to large logistics planning domain problems. We map a problem instance to a directed graph and show that no more than one vehicle per weakly connected component of the graph is needed for an optimal solution. We propose techniques for efficiently finding the vehicles which must be employed for an optimal solution. Also we develop a strong admissible heuristic based on the analysis of a directed graph, the cycles of which represent situations in the problem state in which a vehicle must visit a location more than once. To the b

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38

Ringor, Michael, and Lech Papiez. "Inverse planning and optimization: a comparison of solutions." Radiation Physics and Chemistry 53, no. 3 (1998): 263–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0969-806x(98)00108-x.

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39

Lonergan, S. C. "Characterizing sub-optimal solutions in regional planning policy." Socio-Economic Planning Sciences 19, no. 3 (1985): 167–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0038-0121(85)90031-x.

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40

Olena, Domina. "FEATURES OF FINDING OPTIMAL SOLUTIONS IN NETWORK PLANNING." EUREKA: Physics and Engineering, no. 6 (November 30, 2020): 82–96. https://doi.org/10.21303/2461-4262.2020.001471.

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The object of research is a test network diagram, in relation to which the task of minimizing the objective function <em>q</em><sub>max</sub>/<em>q</em><sub>min</sub>→min is posed, which requires maximizing the uniformity of the workload of personnel when implementing an arbitrary project using network planning. The formulation of the optimization problem, therefore, assumed finding such times of the beginning of the execution of operations, taken as input variables, in order to ensure the minimum value of the ratio of the peak workload of personnel to the minimum workload. The proce

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41

NYKA, Lucyna, and Izabela Burda. "Scenario-planning solutions for waterfront flood-prone areas." Global Journal of Engineering Education 22, no. 3 (2020): 149–54. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11094666.

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Akbari, Tohid, and Mohammad Tavakoli Bina. "Approximated MILP model for AC transmission expansion planning: global solutions versus local solutions." IET Generation, Transmission & Distribution 10, no. 7 (2016): 1563–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/iet-gtd.2015.0723.

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Hartmann, Thomas. "Wicked problems and clumsy solutions: Planning as expectation management." Planning Theory 11, no. 3 (2012): 242–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1473095212440427.

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In 1973, Horst W Rittel and Malvin A Webber introduced the term ‘wicked problem’ in planning theory. They describe spatial planning as dealing with inherent uncertainty, complexity and inevitable normativity. This contribution picks up the concept of wicked problems, reflects on it from a planning-theoretical perspective, and proposes the use of Cultural Theory’s concept of clumsy solutions as a response to wicked planning problems. In discussing public participation processes in spatial planning, it is then shown what clumsy solutions mean for spatial planning. The four rationalities of Cultu

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Tsai, Jeff, and Mike Miller. "Integrated Planning for School and Community." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1922, no. 1 (2005): 111–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198105192200115.

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The Operations Research/Education Laboratory (OR/Ed. lab) at the Institute for Transportation Research and Education, North Carolina State University, has a long history of providing school systems with data-driven solutions for school population forecasting, school attendance studies, and determination of new school locations. These planning processes, known as Integrated Planning for School and Community (IPSAC), provide school districts with mathematically optimal solutions that minimize transportation distance. The OR/Ed. lab works closely with school districts in politically and emotional

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Sarabi, Shahryar, Qi Han, Bauke de Vries, and A. Georges L. Romme. "The nature-based solutions planning support system: A playground for site and solution prioritization." Sustainable Cities and Society 78 (March 2022): 103608. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2021.103608.

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Le Berre, Daniel, Pierre Marquis, and Stéphanie Roussel. "Planning Personalised Museum Visits." Proceedings of the International Conference on Automated Planning and Scheduling 23 (June 2, 2013): 380–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/icaps.v23i1.13587.

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In this paper, we consider the problem of designing personalised museum visits. Given a set of preferences and constraints a visitor might express on her visit, the aim is to compute the tour that best matches her requirements. The museum visits problem can be expressed as a planning problem, with cost optimization. We show how to bound the number of steps required to find an optimal solution, via the resolution of an instance of the shortest complete walk problem. We also point out an alternative encoding of the museum visits problem as an optimization problem with pseudo-Boolean constraints

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Roy, O. M. "Participation of local government authorities in urban planning solutions making." Law Enforcement Review 9, no. 1 (2025): 84–93. https://doi.org/10.52468/2542-1514.2025.9(1).84-93.

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The article summarizes the main trends in the field of participation of local governments in making urban planning solutions. Based on a review of scientific literature, the author clarifies the term “urban planning solution” and reveals its internal structural contradiction, which allows participants of urban planning relations to invest in it content that is beneficial for themselves. By highlighting two leading directions in urban planning – functional and social, the author seeks to find a common basis that allows us to remove the deep contradictions in the relations between developers and

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Jimenez Celorrio, Sergio, and Anders Jonsson. "Computing Plans with Control Flow and Procedures Using a Classical Planner." Proceedings of the International Symposium on Combinatorial Search 6, no. 1 (2021): 62–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/socs.v6i1.18360.

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We propose a compilation that enhances a given classical planning task to compute plans that contain control flow and procedure calls. Control flow instructions and procedures allow us to generate compact and general solutions able to solve planning tasks for which multiple unit tests are defined. The paper analyzes the relation between classical planning and structured programming with unit tests and shows how to exploit this relation in a classical planning compilation. In experiments, we evaluate the empirical performance of the compilation using an off-the-shelf classical planner and show

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Rathod, Amisha J. "Transportation Problems: Analysis and Solutions." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 12, no. 3 (2024): 215–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2024.58740.

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Abstract: Transportation systems are fundamental to modern society, facilitating the movement of people and goods essential for economic development and social well-being. However, the efficiency and sustainability of these systems are often challenged by various factors, leading to transportation problems such as traffic congestion, inefficient route planning, and environmental degradation. This review paper comprehensively examines the analysis and solutions to transportation problems, encompassing a range of analytical techniques and innovative approaches. Beginning with an exploration of d

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Baioletti, Marco, Alfredo Milani, Valentina Poggioni, and Fabio Rossi. "Ant Search Strategies For Planning Optimization." Proceedings of the International Conference on Automated Planning and Scheduling 19 (October 16, 2009): 334–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/icaps.v19i1.13394.

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In this paper a planning framework based on Ant Colony Optimization techniques is presented. It is well known that finding optimal solutions to planning problems is a very hard computational problem. Stochastic methods do not guarantee either optimality or completeness, but it has been proved that in many applications they are able to find very good, often optimal, solutions. We propose several approaches based both on backward and forward search over the state space, using several heuristics and testing different pheromone models in order to solve sequential optimization planning problems.

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