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Journal articles on the topic 'Planning with Action Costs'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 15 February 2022

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1

Eiter, T., W. Faber, N. Leone, G. Pfeifer, and A. Polleres. "Answer Set Planning Under Action Costs." Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research 19 (August 1, 2003): 25–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1613/jair.1148.

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Recently, planning based on answer set programming has been proposed as an approach towards realizing declarative planning systems. In this paper, we present the language Kc, which extends the declarative planning language K by action costs. Kc provides the notion of admissible and optimal plans, which are plans whose overall action costs are within a given limit resp. minimum over all plans (i.e., cheapest plans). As we demonstrate, this novel language allows for expressing some nontrivial planning tasks in a declarative way. Furthermore, it can be utilized for representing planning problems

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2

Maratea, Marco. "Planning as satisfiability with IPC simple preferences and action costs." AI Communications 25, no. 4 (2012): 343–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/aic-2012-0540.

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3

Tan, Harold, and Lim Yee Juan. "Finance transformation for healthcare: A structured model for planning and action." International Journal of Healthcare 5, no. 1 (2019): 42. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/ijh.v5n1p42.

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With rising healthcare costs, payers are transforming the way they pay healthcare providers. Currently, there is much interest in value-based financing and accountable care models. However, finance transformation in healthcare goes beyond changing funding models. The way funds flow to providers and how patients share healthcare costs also need to be transformed to ensure an overall sustainable value-based financing system. A structured model of finance transformation in healthcare is proposed in this article supported by evidential review, which discusses several fundamental and critical facto

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4

Richter, S., and M. Westphal. "The LAMA Planner: Guiding Cost-Based Anytime Planning with Landmarks." Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research 39 (September 21, 2010): 127–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1613/jair.2972.

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LAMA is a classical planning system based on heuristic forward search. Its core feature is the use of a pseudo-heuristic derived from landmarks, propositional formulas that must be true in every solution of a planning task. LAMA builds on the Fast Downward planning system, using finite-domain rather than binary state variables and multi-heuristic search. The latter is employed to combine the landmark heuristic with a variant of the well-known FF heuristic. Both heuristics are cost-sensitive, focusing on high-quality solutions in the case where actions have non-uniform cost. A weighted A* searc

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KAUTZ, HENRY, and JOACHIM P. WALSER. "Integer optimization models of AI planning problems." Knowledge Engineering Review 15, no. 1 (2000): 101–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0269888900001053.

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This paper describes ILP-PLAN, a framework for solving AI planning problems represented as integer linear programs. ILP-PLAN extends the planning as satisfiability framework to handle plans with resources, action costs, and complex objective functions. We show that challenging planning problems can be effectively solved using both traditional branch-and-bound integer programming solvers and efficient new integer local search algorithms. ILP-PLAN can find better quality solutions for a set of hard benchmark logistics planning problems than had been found by any earlier system.

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Krane, Jim. "Climate action versus inaction: balancing the costs for Gulf energy exporters." British Journal of Middle Eastern Studies 47, no. 1 (2020): 117–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13530194.2020.1714269.

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7

Soranzo, Benedetta, Anna Nosella, and Roberto Filippini. "Redesigning patent management process: an Action Research study." Management Decision 55, no. 6 (2017): 1100–1121. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/md-04-2016-0226.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to describe how the patent planning and patent evaluation processes might be redesigned for firms intending to move from a mere accumulation of patents to a more thoughtful patent management approach that couples protection with the reduction of cost related to patent file and maintenance. Design/methodology/approach An Action Research project was carried out in close collaboration with a firm. This approach was adopted since it allows generation of new scientific knowledge from the observation and direct intervention on a specific situation. Findings Resul

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Peindl, Kathleen S., Edmund J. Zolnik, Katherine L. Wisner, and Barbara H. Hanusa. "Effects of Postpartum Psychiatric Illnesses on Family Planning." International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine 25, no. 3 (1995): 291–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/qd56-6dfm-elde-vvkr.

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Objective: We investigated the relationship between postpartum psychiatric episodes and subsequent family planning. Our hypothesis was that women who had a postpartum illness would plan to have fewer children. Method: We conducted a mail survey of members of the self-help group Depression After Delivery (DAD). The membership was asked about changes in family planning after a postpartum illness. Two groups were defined: women who took action to prevent further pregnancies after the illness (CHANGE) and women who did not take action to prevent future pregnancies (NO CHANGE). Results: Among respo

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Leonard, Joseph J., and Carl L. Gibeault. "Action Plan Effectiveness." International Oil Spill Conference Proceedings 1999, no. 1 (1999): 433–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.7901/2169-3358-1999-1-433.

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ABSTRACT Incident Action Plans (IAPs) are one of the most effective ways for an Incident Commander (IC) or Unified Command (UC) to convey to the established response organization the goals and objectives that must be accomplished to mitigate an event. These plans come in many forms, from simple ones written on a blank sheet of paper to book size plans produced by a computer. Regardless of the form used, they must all successfully convey the IC's or UC's intentions, while being flexible enough to handle changes brought on by unseen events. If the plan is not “user-friendly,” then field personne

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Rhodes, Ekaterina, Tamara Krawchenko, Katherine Pearce, and Karena Shaw. "Scaling up local climate action: A survey of climate policy priorities in the Vancouver Island and Coastal Communities region." Canadian Planning and Policy / Aménagement et politique au Canada 2021 (March 26, 2021): 36–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.24908/cpp-apc.v2021i01.14469.

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Regional planning can help functionally-connected communities share expertise and the costs of climate action and amplify collective concerns and needs to upper-level governments. Understanding communities’ climate impacts, policies and barriers to action is foundational to the development of regional-scale climate planning. In support of a nascent climate strategy in the Vancouver Island and Coastal Communities region of British Columbia, our study employs a web-based survey of local government officials (n=106) to identify the existing climate impacts, policy priorities, barriers, and opport

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Allan, J. R., N. Levin, K. R. Jones, et al. "Navigating the complexities of coordinated conservation along the river Nile." Science Advances 5, no. 4 (2019): eaau7668. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aau7668.

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The river Nile flows across 11 African countries, supporting millions of human livelihoods, and holding globally important biodiversity and endemism yet remains underprotected. No basin-wide spatial conservation planning has been attempted to date, and the importance of coordinated conservation planning for the Nile’s biodiversity remains unknown. We address these gaps by creating a basin-wide conservation plan for the Nile’s freshwater fish. We identify priority areas for conservation action and compare cross-boundary collaboration scenarios for achieving biodiversity conservation targets, ac

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Schillinger, Philipp, Mathias Bürger, and Dimos V. Dimarogonas. "Simultaneous task allocation and planning for temporal logic goals in heterogeneous multi-robot systems." International Journal of Robotics Research 37, no. 7 (2018): 818–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0278364918774135.

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This paper describes a framework for automatically generating optimal action-level behavior for a team of robots based on temporal logic mission specifications under resource constraints. The proposed approach optimally allocates separable tasks to available robots, without requiring a priori an explicit representation of the tasks or the computation of all task execution costs. Instead, we propose an approach for identifying sub-tasks in an automaton representation of the mission specification and for simultaneously allocating the tasks and planning their execution. The proposed framework avo

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Spiegel, M. A., D. Koester, M. Weigelt, and T. Schack. "The costs of changing an intended action: Movement planning, but not execution, interferes with verbal working memory." Neuroscience Letters 509, no. 2 (2012): 82–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neulet.2011.12.033.

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Gepshtein, Sergei, Xiaoyan Li, Joseph Snider, Markus Plank, Dongpyo Lee, and Howard Poizner. "Dopamine Function and the Efficiency of Human Movement." Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 26, no. 3 (2014): 645–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jocn_a_00503.

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To sustain successful behavior in dynamic environments, active organisms must be able to learn from the consequences of their actions and predict action outcomes. One of the most important discoveries in systems neuroscience over the last 15 years has been about the key role of the neurotransmitter dopamine in mediating such active behavior. Dopamine cell firing was found to encode differences between the expected and obtained outcomes of actions. Although activity of dopamine cells does not specify movements themselves, a recent study in humans has suggested that tonic levels of dopamine in t

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Weigelt, Matthias, Wilfried Kunde, and Wolfgang Prinz. "End-State Comfort in Bimanual Object Manipulation." Experimental Psychology 53, no. 2 (2006): 143–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/1618-3169.53.2.143.

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The present experiment investigated the sensitivity for end-state comfort in a bimanual object manipulation task. Participants were required to simultaneously reach for two bars and to place the objects' ends into two targets on the table. The design of the experiment allowed to dissociate the relative roles of initial means (e.g., the selection of grips) and final postures (e.g., the anticipation of end-states). The question of interest was whether affording different grip patterns for the two hands would introduce a bias away from reaching end-state comfort. Results revealed a strong sensiti

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MASS, SARAH. "Cost-benefit break down: unplannable spaces in 1970s Glasgow." Urban History 46, no. 2 (2018): 309–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0963926817000682.

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ABSTRACTThis article examines a moment of uncertainty in early 1970s Glasgow motorway history: the planning of the East Flank of the Inner Ring Road and the potential removal of the Barrows Market. As sociological influences against wholesale urban clearance came into maturity in planning and community action, Glasgow planners carried out a feasibility study into the socio-economic costs of uprooting the commercial life of the Barrows. I suggest that reading this technocratic document for its cultural assumptions, ambiguities and tensions, rather than its engineering vision, opens up a differe

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Kerans, Andrew, and Barrie Todhunter. "Project-Based Management Technique for Radiofrequency Spectrum Planning and Allocation." Journal of Telecommunications and the Digital Economy 2, no. 3 (2020): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.18080/jtde.v2n3.287.

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Spectrum Management is the regulatory action of defining the use of the radiofrequency spectrum. Often this requires the clearance of a large number of incumbent systems to make way for new technologies such as Fourth Generations Mobile Broadband (4G). While great economic benefits may be derived from the new technologies the clearance of any band will come at a cost. It is important both costs and benefits be quantified and compared. In many administrations including Australia these processes are carried out without a defined project management structure. In the first of a series of two paper

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18

D. Mendoza, Juan, Josefa Mula, and Francisco Campuzano-Bolarin. "Using systems dynamics to evaluate the tradeoff among supply chain aggregate production planning policies." International Journal of Operations & Production Management 34, no. 8 (2014): 1055–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijopm-06-2012-0238.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore different aggregate production planning (APP) strategies (inventory levelling, validation of the workforce and flexible production alternatives: overtime and/or outsourcing) by using a system dynamics model in a two-level, multi-product, multi-period manpower intensive supply chain (SC). Therefore, the appropriateness of using systems dynamics as a research method, by focusing on managerial applications, to analyse APP policies is proven. From the combination of systems dynamics and APP, recommendations and action strategies are considered for

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Dong, You, Dan M. Frangopol, and Samantha Sabatino. "Optimizing Bridge Network Retrofit Planning Based on Cost-Benefit Evaluation and Multi-Attribute Utility Associated with Sustainability." Earthquake Spectra 31, no. 4 (2015): 2255–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1193/012214eqs015m.

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During their service life, bridge networks may be exposed to extreme events, including strong earthquakes, which pose an imminent threat to society, economy, and surrounding environment. This threat reinforces the need to implement updated sustainability assessment and optimal risk mitigation procedures. The sustainability-based seismic optimization of bridge networks considering the utility associated with cost and benefit of retrofit interventions is investigated. The ultimate aim of this framework is to reduce the extent of earthquake damage to society, economy, and environment, while simul

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Zukovs, George, and Jiri Marsalek. "Planning and Design of Combined Sewer Overflow Treatment." Water Quality Research Journal 39, no. 4 (2004): 439–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wqrj.2004.055.

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Abstract A newly produced (2004) Combined Sewer Overflow (CSO) Treatment Technologies Manual provides an overview of practices in, and guidance for, planning, design and implementation of CSO treatment. Towards this end, the manual first addresses CSO abatement program planning in order to provide an overall framework within which the application and design of CSO treatment facilities may be considered. Following the establishment of a planning framework, guidance is provided for CSO treatment facility preliminary design, which encompasses such steps as the development of CSO control and treat

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Manig, Winfried. "The Importance of the Informal Financial Market for Rural Development Financing in Developing Countries: The Example of Pakistan." Pakistan Development Review 35, no. 3 (1996): 229–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.30541/v35i3pp.229-239.

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The informal credit market is of crucial importance in the rural areas in Pakistan, even after decades of considerable development of formal credit organisations and of subsidised credit programmes by the government. This is due mainly to the fact that informal credit relations are embedded in the economic, political, and social interaction networks of the inhabitants in the rural areas. These interaction networks also maintain the direct credit costs and the transaction costs at a low level. However, the national development policy underestimates or even negates the significance of the inform

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22

Veselovskaya, Natalia, Oleksandr Malakov, Elvira Manzhos, and Olena Hnatyuk. "TEST PLANNING OF SERVICEABILITY OF FLEXIBLE PRODUCTION SYSTEMS EQUIPMENT CONSIDERING PLANNING AND MONITORING OF AGRICULTURAL EQUIPMENT." Vibrations in engineering and technology, no. 3(98) (October 30, 2020): 65–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.37128/2306-8744-2020-3-7.

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The article discusses the main problems and features of test planning of serviceability of flexible production systems (FPS) equipment, taking into account all possible factors. The basic dependencies of repair and verification at variable operating modes have been monitored and possibl1e ranges of system existence depending on internal factors and changes in working time, environmental characteristics and factors affected the system have been derived. As the result of the analysis, mathematical modeling and determination of critical conditions of existence of the system have been carried out.

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23

Abdi, Ali, Dibash Adhikari, and Ju Hong Park. "A Novel Hybrid Path Planning Method Based on Q-Learning and Neural Network for Robot Arm." Applied Sciences 11, no. 15 (2021): 6770. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11156770.

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Path planning for robot arms to reach a target and avoid obstacles has had a crucial role in manufacturing automation. Although many path planning algorithms, including RRT, APF, PRM, and RL-based, have been presented, they have many problems: a time-consuming process, high computational costs, slowness, non-optimal paths, irregular paths, failure to find a path, and complexity. Scholars have tried to address some of these issues. However, those methods still suffer from slowness and complexity. In order to address these two limitations, this paper presents a new hybrid path planning method th

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Ravina, Marco, Deborah Panepinto, and Mariachiara Zanetti. "Air Quality Planning and the Minimization of Negative Externalities." Resources 8, no. 1 (2019): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/resources8010015.

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The minimization of negative externalities is a key aspect in the development of a circular and sustainable economic model. At the local scale, especially in urban areas, externalities are generated by the adverse impacts of air pollution on human health. Local air quality policies and plans often lack of considerations and instruments for the quantification and evaluation of external health costs. Support for decision-makers is needed, in particular during the implementation stage of air quality plans. Modelling tools based on the impact pathway approach can provide such support. In this pape

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J Kerans, Andrew. "Project-Based Management Technique for Radiofrequency Spectrum Planning and Allocation." Journal of Telecommunications and the Digital Economy 2, no. 4 (2020): 16. http://dx.doi.org/10.18080/jtde.v2n4.277.

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Spectrum Management is the regulatory action of defining the use of the radiofrequency spectrum. Often this requires the clearance of a large number of incumbent systems to make way for new technologies such as Fourth Generation Mobile Broadband (4G). While great economic benefits may be derived from the new technologies the clearance of any band will come at a cost. It is important both costs and benefits be quantified and compared. In many Administrations, including Australia, these processes are carried out without a defined project management structure. In a series of two papers the Author

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Ullsperger, Markus, Claudia Danielmeier, and Gerhard Jocham. "Neurophysiology of Performance Monitoring and Adaptive Behavior." Physiological Reviews 94, no. 1 (2014): 35–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/physrev.00041.2012.

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Successful goal-directed behavior requires not only correct action selection, planning, and execution but also the ability to flexibly adapt behavior when performance problems occur or the environment changes. A prerequisite for determining the necessity, type, and magnitude of adjustments is to continuously monitor the course and outcome of one's actions. Feedback-control loops correcting deviations from intended states constitute a basic functional principle of adaptation at all levels of the nervous system. Here, we review the neurophysiology of evaluating action course and outcome with res

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Özener, Okan Örsan. "Developing a Collaborative Planning Framework for Sustainable Transportation." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2014 (2014): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/107102.

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Currently, as being the highest petroleum consuming sector in the world, transportation significantly contributes to the total greenhouse gas emissions in the world. Road transportation not only is responsible for approximately 20% of the total emissions of carbon dioxide in the EU and in the US but also has a steadily increasing trend in contributing to global warming. Initiatives undertaken by authorities, such asEmission cap and trade in the EU,limit the emissions resulted from the actions of the companies and also give economic incentives to companies to reduce their emissions. However, in

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Poyar, Kyle Andrew, and Nancy Beller-Simms. "Early Responses to Climate Change: An Analysis of Seven U.S. State and Local Climate Adaptation Planning Initiatives." Weather, Climate, and Society 2, no. 3 (2010): 237–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2010wcas1047.1.

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Abstract State and local governments in the United States manage a wide array of natural and human resources that are particularly sensitive to climate variability and change. Recent revelations of the extent of the current and potential climate impact in this realm such as with the quality of water, the structure of the coasts, and the potential and witnessed impact on the built infrastructure give these political authorities impetus to minimize their vulnerability and plan for the future. In fact, a growing number of subnational government bodies in the United States have initiated climate a

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Zubizarreta, E., M. Lodge, M. Abdel-Wahab, and A. Polo. "Cervical Cancer in the Commonwealth: Collective Action." Journal of Global Oncology 4, Supplement 2 (2018): 153s. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jgo.18.57300.

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Background and context: Fifty-three countries are members of the Commonwealth. These countries span Africa, Asia, the Americas, Europe and the Pacific and are diverse - they are among the world's largest, smallest, richest and poorest countries. Thirty-one of these members are classified as small states - countries with a population size of 1.5 million people or less and larger member states that share similar characteristics with them. The Commonwealth Secretariat is planning to tackle the problem of cervical cancer in their low and middle member states (LMIC) through the project “Cervical Ca

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van der Burg, Max Post, Neil Chartier, and Ryan Drum. "Implications of Spatially Variable Costs and Habitat Conversion Risk in Landscape-Scale Conservation Planning." Journal of Fish and Wildlife Management 9, no. 2 (2018): 402–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.3996/102016-jfwm-080.

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Abstract “Strategic habitat conservation” refers to a process used by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service to develop cost-efficient strategies for conserving wildlife populations and their habitats. Strategic habitat conservation focuses on resolving uncertainties surrounding habitat conservation to meet specific wildlife population objectives (i.e., targets) and developing tools to guide where conservation actions should be focused on the landscape. Although there are examples of using optimization models to highlight where conservation should be delivered, such methods often do not explicitly

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Han, Yan. "ETD: total cost of ownership – collecting, archiving and providing access." Library Management 35, no. 4/5 (2014): 250–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/lm-08-2013-0084.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to provide a case study of total cost of ownership (TOC) for Electronic Theses and Dissertations (ETD). Only few articles have been published to discuss the costs associated with repository and/or theses and dissertations (TD). Design/methodology/approach – The paper first provides literature reviews in costs associated with repository and TD. By using the DCC life cycle model, the author presents costs for each actionable category: create or receive, appraise & select, ingest, preservation action, store, access, use and reuse and transform. The paper

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Bishop, Elbert R., Christopher Wornum, and Martin Weiss. "Experience of Metropolitan Planning Organizations with Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act Financial Planning Requirements: Interviews and Analysis." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1606, no. 1 (1997): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1606-01.

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The Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 (ISTEA) requires metropolitan planning organizations (MPOs) to develop financially constrained metropolitan transportation plans and programs. FHWA officials believed that independent studies were needed if problems with the requirement were to be understood. A summary of findings of those studies along with an analysis by an FHWA official are presented. Financial planning requirements were found to be generally well received. Fiscal constraint requirements can be traumatic, but there is agreement that realistic programs are worth ha

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Li, Jinxin, Hongbo Wang, Wei Zhao, and Yuanyuan Xue. "Ship’s Trajectory Planning Based on Improved Multiobjective Algorithm for Collision Avoidance." Journal of Advanced Transportation 2019 (April 9, 2019): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/4068783.

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With vigorous development of the maritime trade, many intelligent algorithms have been proposed to avoid collisions due to resulting casualties and increased costs. According to the international regulations for preventing collisions at sea (COLREGs) and the self-evolution ability of the intelligent algorithm, the collision avoidance trajectory can be more consistent with the requirements of reality and maritime personnel. In this paper, the optimization of ship collision avoidance strategies is realized by both an improved multiobjective optimization algorithm NSGA-II and the ship domain unde

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Dianti, Dania Ulfah, and Noven Suprayogi. "PENGELOLAAN BIAYA OPERASIONAL LAZNAS SURABAYA." Jurnal Ekonomi Syariah Teori dan Terapan 5, no. 8 (2019): 634. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/vol5iss20188pp634-644.

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This research aims to analyze operating costs in LAZNAS Surabaya, and their strategy to managing LAZNAS‟s amil‟s right. Management is qualitatitave disclosure including Planning, Organizing, Directing, and Controlling. The research method used descriptive qualitative approach with study case strategy on three LAZNAS Surabaya which are LAZNAS Yatim Mandiri, LAZNAS LMI, and LAZNAS Nurul Hayat. Data collected by interview and documentation, Validation techniques used source and technic triangulation. Analysis technique used Spradley. Result of this research is the planning starts with budgeting w

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Molocchi, Andrea. "Electric cars or high-efficiency transport networks?" ECONOMICS AND POLICY OF ENERGY AND THE ENVIRONMENT, no. 1 (July 2010): 13–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/efe2010-001002.

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The main drivers of the electric cars diffusion which is projected in the next decade are to be seen in the industry effort to create new spaces in mature car markets (supply side), and in demand side effects of current climate mitigation policies in the transport sector, focused on CO2 emissions and energy efficiency of new vehicles sold. Indeed the energy performances of electric vehicles are projected to be highly variable; the final results of fleet average comparisons with internal combustion engines vehicles will be affected by at least: a) the real energy efficiency of the EV models (in

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Panzera, Annette June, Richard Murray, Ruth Stewart, Jane Mills, Neil Beaton, and Sarah Larkins. "Regional health workforce planning through action research: lessons for commissioning health services from a case study in Far North Queensland." Australian Journal of Primary Health 22, no. 1 (2016): 63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py15149.

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Creating a stable and sustainable health workforce in regional, rural and remote Australia has long been a challenge to health workforce planners, policy makers and researchers alike. Traditional health workforce planning is often reactive and assumes continuation of current patterns of healthcare utilisation. This demonstration project in Far North Queensland exemplifies how participatory regional health workforce planning processes can accurately model current and projected local workforce requirements. The recent establishment of Primary Health Networks (PHNs) with the intent to commission

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Carnevale, Claudio, Fabrizio Ferrari, Giorgio Guariso, Giuseppe Maffeis, Enrico Turrini, and Marialuisa Volta. "Assessing the Economic and Environmental Sustainability of a Regional Air Quality Plan." Sustainability 10, no. 10 (2018): 3568. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su10103568.

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Air quality plans must be demonstrated to be economically sustainable and environmentally effective. This paper presents a full cost–benefit and environmental analysis of a large regional air quality plan involving several different actions covering a large spectrum of fields, from domestic heating to passenger and freight transport, from electricity generation to agriculture. The impact of each action is analyzed looking at the possible energy savings, greenhouse gases (GHG) emission reductions, the improvement in air quality, and the consequent decrease in external costs, namely the reduced

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Orban de Xivry, Jean-Jacques, and Philippe Lefèvre. "A switching cost for motor planning." Journal of Neurophysiology 116, no. 6 (2016): 2857–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00319.2016.

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Movement planning consists of choosing the intended endpoint of the movement and selecting the motor program that will bring the effector on the endpoint. It is widely accepted that movement endpoint is updated on a trial-by-trial basis with respect to the observed errors and that the motor program for a given movement follows the rules of optimal feedback control. In this article, we show clear limitations of these theories. First, participants in the current study could not tune their motor program appropriately for each individual trial. This was true even when the participants selected the

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Hermawan, Sapto, and Wida Astuti. "Analysing several ASEAN countries' policy for combating marine plastic litter." Environmental Law Review 23, no. 1 (2021): 9–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1461452921991731.

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The recent 34th ASEAN Summit, held in Thailand in June 2019, issued two important documents related to the marine environment’s protection, namely The Bangkok Declaration on Combating Marine Debris in the ASEAN Region and the ASEAN Framework of Action on Marine Debris (Framework of Action). Therefore, this research analyses the several policies implemented by ASEAN countries to reduce marine plastic litter. This is primarily assessed using several indicators by Konisky and Woods, namely (1) programmatic indicators of state environmental policy activism, which is usually incorporated into an in

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Regier, Peter, Andres Milioto, Cyrill Stachniss, and Maren Bennewitz. "Classifying Obstacles and Exploiting Class Information for Humanoid Navigation Through Cluttered Environments." International Journal of Humanoid Robotics 17, no. 02 (2020): 2050013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219843620500139.

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Humanoid robots are often supposed to share their workspace with humans and thus have to deal with objects used by humans in their everyday life. In this article, we present our novel approach to humanoid navigation through cluttered environments, which exploits knowledge about different obstacle classes to decide how to deal with obstacles and select appropriate robot actions. To classify objects from RGB images and decide whether an obstacle can be overcome by the robot with a corresponding action, e.g., by pushing or carrying it aside or stepping over or onto it, we train and exploit a conv

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Galyaev, Andrey A., Pavel V. Lysenko, and Victor P. Yakhno. "2D Optimal Trajectory Planning Problem in Threat Environment for UUV with Non-Uniform Radiation Pattern." Sensors 21, no. 2 (2021): 396. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21020396.

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Path planning is necessary in many applications using unmanned underwater vehicles (UUVs). The main class of tasks is the planning of safe routes with minimal energy costs and/or minimal levels of emitted physical and information signals. Since the action planner is on board the UUV, the main focus is on methods and algorithms that allow it to build reference trajectories while minimizing the number of calculations. The study is devoted to the problem of the optimal route planning for a UUV with a non-uniform radiation pattern. The problem is stated in the form of two point variational problem

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Galyaev, Andrey A., Pavel V. Lysenko, and Victor P. Yakhno. "2D Optimal Trajectory Planning Problem in Threat Environment for UUV with Non-Uniform Radiation Pattern." Sensors 21, no. 2 (2021): 396. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21020396.

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Path planning is necessary in many applications using unmanned underwater vehicles (UUVs). The main class of tasks is the planning of safe routes with minimal energy costs and/or minimal levels of emitted physical and information signals. Since the action planner is on board the UUV, the main focus is on methods and algorithms that allow it to build reference trajectories while minimizing the number of calculations. The study is devoted to the problem of the optimal route planning for a UUV with a non-uniform radiation pattern. The problem is stated in the form of two point variational problem

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Das, Ipsita, Jessica J. Lewis, Ramona Ludolph, Melanie Bertram, Heather Adair-Rohani, and Marc Jeuland. "The benefits of action to reduce household air pollution (BAR-HAP) model: A new decision support tool." PLOS ONE 16, no. 1 (2021): e0245729. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0245729.

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Cooking with polluting and inefficient fuels and technologies is responsible for a large set of global harms, ranging from health and time losses among the billions of people who are energy poor, to environmental degradation at a regional and global scale. This paper presents a new decision-support model–the BAR-HAP Tool–that is aimed at guiding planning of policy interventions to accelerate transitions towards cleaner cooking fuels and technologies. The conceptual model behind BAR-HAP lies in a framework of costs and benefits that is holistic and comprehensive, allows consideration of multipl

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Nolte, Detlef. "Costs and Benefits of Overlapping Regional Organizations in Latin America: The Case of the OAS and UNASUR." Latin American Politics and Society 60, no. 1 (2018): 128–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/lap.2017.8.

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AbstractThis article investigates whether the overlapping of intergovernmental regional organizations in Latin America with regard to membership and mandate is harmful or beneficial to regional cooperation (with a special focus on mediation in domestic and international conflicts). The article begins by systematizing the discussion about the possible risks and potential benefits of overlapping regional organizations, and then outlines hypotheses that can be tested in concrete episodes of overlap of action. The article then analyzes nine episodes in which an overlap of action has occurred betwe

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Cooper, Robert. "Implementing a Geographic Information System as a Geographic Response Plan and Beyond…" International Oil Spill Conference Proceedings 2003, no. 1 (2003): 675–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.7901/2169-3358-2003-1-675.

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ABSTRACT In a continuous effort to improve oil spill management, the Ninth Coast Guard District is utilizing a Geographic Information System (GIS) to integrate data, coordinate information, and implement actions with incident planning and response. During an incident, initial team goals are to minimize response times in order to more effectively bring resources to bear thus creating a more effective outcome, which reduce impacts and overall costs. The Ninth Coast Guard District's GIS system enables the user to make informed, quick decisions during an incident by diminishing the guesswork of th

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Cervi, Walter R., Rubens Lamparelli, Mauro Berni, and Jansle Rocha. "Identification, assessment and ordering of concepts for agro-energy planning and possibilities of spatial analysis." Engenharia Agrícola 35, no. 6 (2015): 1210–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1809-4430-eng.agric.v35n6p1210-1223/2015.

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ABSTRACT The present study aims to present the main concepts of the sugarcane straw to energy planning. Throughout the study, the subject is contextualized highlighting broader aspects of sustainability, which is considered the main driver towards agro-energy modernization. Concerning sugarcane straw, we first evaluated its availability regarding technical and economic aspects, and then it summarized the straw production chain for energy supply purposes. As a proposal to support agro-energy planning, it is presented some spatial tools that have been barely used in the Brazilian energy planning

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EFIMOVA, E. N., P. A. SHANCHENKO, and E. V. ERSHOVA. "Determination of the maximum number of employees of the JSC Russian Railways engaged in transportation activities when planning measures for programs to increase labor productivity." VNIIZHT Scientific Journal 80, no. 1 (2021): 53–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.21780/2223-9731-2021-80-1-53-58.

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Introduction of measures aimed at increasing labor productivity should ensure an increase in the efficiency of production processes in terms of costs associated primarily with labor resources. Optimization of its number is reflected in the characteristics of the production process, and above all on its sustainability. Sustainability means the ability of a process to return to its original state despite the action of external and internal factors. Sustainability is characterized by indicators of reliability, safety and stability of the production process and is determined by a complex index ind

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Crevecoeur, Frédéric, Jean-Louis Thonnard, and Philippe Lefèvre. "Optimal Integration of Gravity in Trajectory Planning of Vertical Pointing Movements." Journal of Neurophysiology 102, no. 2 (2009): 786–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00113.2009.

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The planning and control of motor actions requires knowledge of the dynamics of the controlled limb to generate the appropriate muscular commands and achieve the desired goal. Such planning and control imply that the CNS must be able to deal with forces and constraints acting on the limb, such as the omnipresent force of gravity. The present study investigates the effect of hypergravity induced by parabolic flights on the trajectory of vertical pointing movements to test the hypothesis that motor commands are optimized with respect to the effect of gravity on the limb. Subjects performed verti

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Moilanen, Atte. "Planning impact avoidance and biodiversity offsetting using software for spatial conservation prioritisation." Wildlife Research 40, no. 2 (2013): 153. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr12083.

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Context Impact avoidance and biodiversity offsetting are measures that can be used for alleviating environmental impacts of economic development projects. Offsetting is frequently implemented via habitat restoration. Biodiversity offsets should be designed in a cost-effective manner. Aims To investigate how spatial conservation prioritisation methods, most commonly used for reserve network design, could be used for informing impact avoidance and biodiversity offsetting. Methods Zonation is a publicly available framework and software for grid-based, large-scale, high-resolution spatial conserva

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Habdas, Magdalena. "Polish dilemmas in compensating landowners in the vicinity of airports – black letter law vs. law in action." Studia Prawnicze KUL, no. 4 (June 11, 2021): 27–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.31743/sp.8634.

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Negative externalities of airport operations, associated mostly with noise, are becoming increasingly onerous to homeowners, as air transport develops. In order to resolve the neighbour conflict, the legislator introduces restricted use areas (RUAs) within which noise levels may be exceeded. In these areas, limitations in the use of land are introduced in order to ensure rational development of land surrounding airports and compensation claims are awarded to landowners. These claims compensate planning restrictions concerning the use of land and costs spent on ensuring sound insulation of buil

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