Dissertations / Theses: 'Plant and machinery valuation'

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Mohd, Nasir Abdul Rahman. "Standardisation of plant and machinery valuation practices in Malaysia." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2013. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/61056/1/Abdul_Mohd_Nasir_Thesis.pdf.

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Plant and machinery valuation is important to every company.s annual financial reporting. It is reported under the non-current assets section, and the valuers are generally employed to provide the up to date valuation of the non-current assets valuation such as property, plant and equipment that can make up to 80% of the total assets of a company. The valuation of plant and machinery is also important for other purposes such as securing loan facilities, sales, takeover, insurance and auction. The application of 2005 International Financial Reporting Standard (IFRS) has a subsequent impact on the financial sector, as a whole. The accountants have to choose between the Historical Cost approach and Market Value approach in determining the value of the client.s assets. In Malaysia, the implementation of IFRS has a domino effect on the financial system, especially for plant and machinery valuation for financial reporting. The comparison data for plant and machinery valuation is limited unlike land and building valuation. The question of Malaysian valuer.s ability to comply with the IFRS standard keeps rising every day, not just to the accountants, but also other related parties such as financial institutions, government agencies and the clients. This is happening because of different interpretations of premise of value for plant and machinery, as well as methods been used and differences in standards of reporting among the valuers conducting plant and machinery valuation. The root of the problem lies in the lack of practical guidelines governing plant and machinery valuation practices and different schools of thought among the valuers. Some follow the United Kingdom.s RICS guidelines, whilst some valuers are more comfortable with the United State.s USPAP rules, especially on the premise of value. This research is to investigate the international best practices of plant and machinery valuation and to establish the common valuation concept, awareness and application of valuation methodology and valuation process for plant and machinery valuation in Malaysia. This research uses a combination of the qualitative and quantitative research approach. In the qualitative approach, the content analyses were conducted from the international practices and current Malaysian implementation of plant and machinery valuation. A survey (quantitative approach) via questionnaire was implemented among the registered and probationary valuers in Malaysia to investigate their understanding and opinion relating to plant and machinery valuation based on the current practices. The significance of this research is the identification of international plant and machinery practices and the understanding of current practices of plant and machinery valuation in Malaysia. It is found that issues embedding plant and machinery valuation practices are limited numbers of resources available either from scholars or practitioner. This is supported by the general finding from the research survey that indicates that there are immediate needs for practical notes or guidelines to be developed and implemented to support the Malaysian valuers practising plant and machinery valuation. This move will lead to a better understanding of plant and machinery valuation, reducing discrepancies in valuation of plant and machinery and increased accuracy among practising valuers.

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Browne, D. G. "Development of a bench test to evaluate wear resistant materials and coal grindability for pulverizers." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 1987. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/36468/1/36468_Browne_1987.pdf.

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This report describes development work undertaken to provide a simple, economically advantageous test to reliably predict wear resistance or materials used in slow and medium speed coal pulverizers. Firstly the existing literature on abrasion and erosion was used to analyse and identiry the principal wear mechanisms reported to be operating in the pulverizers. Secondly, the important parameters arrecting wear were evaluated with respect to conditions occurring in coal pulverizers. This inrormation was then used as the criterion ror the selection and development or a suitable wear test. The existing apparatus and procedures or the coal abrasion index test originally developed by Yancey, Geer and Price was chosen ror the basis or the development programme. Minor modirications were made to the apparatus to allow the measurement and recording or applied torque on the machine blades. Initial testing with mild steel blades and coal as an abrasive gave the rollowing results: (i) Provided conditions were controlled within reasonable bounds, the precision or the test was comparable with other wear tests. (ii) The majority or wear occured in the rirst quarter or the test. (ie. 60¾ or wear took place during the rirst 3000 revs. or a 12000 rev. total.) (iii) Comparison between the wear scars on a test blade and a mill ball using SEM techniques, indicated similar wear mechanisms occurred in the test apparatus and the pulverizers. These results were used as the :basis Tor the design o± a test, which incorporated a potential 'standard' abrasive consisting OT a ±oundry sand/epoxy mix, heat cured into pellets 6mm dia :by 6mm long. The test was used to evaluate the wear resistance o± three di±±erent materials; Nihard 2, manganese steel and mild steel, and produced satis±actory results ±or precision and ranking. Finally work was carried out to explore the possibilities o± utilizing the energy expended during the comminution OT the coal, together with sieve analysis data, as an indication OT the grinda:bility or the coal. Initial results were encouraging and warrant Turther work to confirm the correlation :between the measured variables (ie. energy and size reduction) and the presently accepted method OT indicating coal grindability, the Hardgrove Grindability Index values.

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Chukanova, E. "Modelling of screw compressor plant operation under intermittent conditions." Thesis, City, University of London, 2016. http://openaccess.city.ac.uk/15825/.

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Compressor plant frequently operates under unsteady conditions. This is due to pressure fluctuations, variable flow demand, or unsteady inlet conditions, as well as shaft speed variation. Also, following demand, compressor plants often work intermittently with frequent starts and stops. This may cause premature wear, decrease of compressor performance and even failure, which might cost millions of pounds to industry in downtime. However, there is still a lack of published data which describes intermittent plant behaviour, or predicts the effects of unsteady operation upon compressor plant performance. Thus, there appears to be a need to develop a mathematical model to calculate compressor plant performance during intermittent operating conditions and to verify this model with experimental data. Accordingly, this thesis describes an experimental and analytical study of screw compressor plant operating under unsteady conditions. For this purpose a one-dimensional model of the processes within a compressor was used, based on the differential equations of conservation of mass and energy, extended to include other plant components, such as storage tanks, control valves and connecting pipes. The model can simulate processes in both oil-free and oil-injected compressor plants during transient operation, including the effects of sudden changes in pressure, speed and valve area. Performance predictions obtained from the model gave good agreement with test results. This model can, therefore, be used to predict a variety of events, which may occur in everyday compressor plant operation.

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Rouse, James Paul. "Computational component analysis techniques for high temperature power plant applications." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2014. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/30659/.

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There is a trend in the power industry for high temperature components (such as steam pipe work) to be operated in an increasingly arduous fashion. This would involve the use of elevated steam temperatures/pressures and a greater frequency of start up/shut down cycles. Such generation strategies are being adopted due to the need for thermally efficient power supply that can match fluctuating market demands. If these generation strategies are to be implemented safely it is critical that careful analysis of the system components is conducted in order to ensure that premature failure does not occur. The advanced material models and techniques that are used in academia to simulate these components are often out of reach of the engineers working in industry. The present work describes the development of an analysis “toolbox” that takes several advanced material models (which can accommodate complex loading conditions) and applies them in numerical (finite element analysis, FEA) and approximate life estimation methods. The toolbox comprises several modules, each of which relates to a specific aspect of component analysis. In this thesis, the fundamental procedures behind these modules are developed in novel ways in addition to the development of the toolbox as a whole. The toolbox modules may be roughly divided into the definition of a component’s material, geometry and loading condition, followed by some form of analysis procedure and a report of the key results. A material’s behaviour is commonly determined from mechanical tests. For in service components, scoop sampling is an exciting new method to extract small amounts of material which may then be tested using several novel small specimen techniques. An investigation has been conduced in the present work that verifies the safety of this method and allows the localised stress behaviour around an excavation to be estimated. Material constants in material behaviour models are usually determined by fitting the outputs of the model to experimental data in an optimisation procedure. A great deal of work has been completed on this topic using the complex Chaboche unified visco-plasticity model. This has led to the formation of the combined parallel optimisation strategy and the development of data cleaning for the determination of material constants in any model. Due to the high temperature conditions power plant components operate in, creep is a major concern. Several damage material models have been compared which can represent failure due to creep. Generally, these models can be divided into power law and hyperbolic sine functions. Through a comparative investigation using multiple component geometries, it has been found that the hyperbolic sine function creep law gives lower predictions of failure time than the power law models at realistic stress levels. Hyperbolic sine function failure lives were also more representative of reality. It is therefore critical when performing component analysis to consider the form of a material model as well as the loading range its material constants are applicable to. The Chaboche unified visco-plasticity model has also been discussed. Using this model, both hardening due to the accumulation of plastic strain and viscous effects (such as creep stress relaxation) may be described. Models like this will play an important role in the analysis of high temperature components as they experience fluctuations in both load and temperature. Although it appears simple, the geometry of a high temperature pipe bend in a power plant is actually complex due to the manufacturing process employed (a straight pipe section is heated through induction coils and bent using a fixed radius arm). The pipe’s wall thickness not only varies circumferentially around the pipe’s cross section but also around the bend itself. Through the analysis of industrial data (collected by ultrasonic measurement of components during outage inspections) several novel geometry factors have been developed that quantify this dimension variation. A new method to analyse such pipe bends has also been created that interpolates the stress states between two dimensional (2D) models that represent the cross section of a pipe bend at several key locations. Once a geometry, loading condition and material has been defined, an analysis procedure may be employed in order to assess the condition of the component. As creep is a key concern under high temperature conditions, most of the analysis procedures discussed in the present work are focused on the prediction of peak rupture stresses (δR) which may be used to estimate failure lives due to creep. Several approximate (errors are typically less than 5%) parametric relationships have been developed that allow peak rupture stresses to be determined based on, for example, pipe bend geometry factors. In addition, to aid in bespoke FEA analyses, a collection of routines with a graphical user interface (GUI) have been created that can write input files for a commercial FEA code (ABAQUS), run the job and post process the results. This can save a great amount of user effort when attempting to analyse components. Finally, an original neural network (that uses a partially connected, multiple input node architecture) has been proposed that predicts δR in pipe bends operating under steady-state creep conditions. Both internal pressure and system loads have been incorporated as inputs for this neural network. This has required the definition of several new load factors that describe the system loads acting on a component. Recommendations for future developments based on this research have also been given. Future developments may look to include fatigue effects in parametric equations, as well as considering the effect of varying loading conditions (possibly through a damage fraction approach). The Chaboche model (or similar unified model) may be modified to include temperature dependency and damage effects (allowing for a wider application to component analysis). The effect of geometry variation may be included in the neural network, again extending its applicability, and stresses due to temperature distributions in the piping components may be incorporated (at present, these have not been considered, however system loads may be thermally driven). The work presented in this thesis addresses a complete analysis procedure, from collecting material information from a component through scoop sampling, to determining material constants for this material by an optimisation procedure and analysing the component using either numerical or approximate methods. Although pipe bends have been considered for the significant part of this work due to the relatively small amount of research reported in literature, similar methodologies may be applied to other power plant components of interest, such as welds, steam headers or branch pipes.

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Zhou, Jieyun. "Real options valuation in energy markets." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/33985.

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Real options have been widely applied to analyze investment planning and asset valuation under uncertainty in many industries, especially energy markets. Because of their close analogy to financial options, real options can be valued using the classical financial option pricing theories and their extensions. However, as real options valuation often involves complex payoff structures and operational constraints of the underlying real assets or projects, accurate and flexible methods for solving the valuation problem are essential. This thesis investigates three different approaches to real options valuation and contributes to aspects of modeling realism and computational efficiency. The contributions are illustrated through two important applications of real options in energy markets: natural gas storage and power plant valuation. Because spread options are commonly used in basic real options valuation techniques, the first part of the thesis addresses the problems of spread option pricing and hedging. We develop a new closed-form approximation method for pricing two-asset spread options. Numerical analysis shows that our method is more accurate than existing analytical approximations. Our method is also extremely fast, with computing time more than two orders of magnitude shorter than one-dimensional numerical integration. Closed-form approximations for the Greeks of spread options are also developed. In addition, we analyze the price sensitivities of spread options and provide lower and upper bounds for digital spread options. We then further generalize the above results to multi-asset spread options on an arbitrary number of assets. We provide two new closed-form approximation methods for pricing spread options on a basket of risky assets: the extended Kirk approximation and the second-order boundary approximation. Numerical analysis shows that both methods are extremely fast and accurate, with the latter method more accurate than the former. Closed-form approximations for important Greeks are also derived. Because our approximation methods enable the accurate pricing of a bulk volume of spread options on two or more assets in real time, it offers traders a potential edge in a dynamic market environment. In the third part of this thesis, we propose a market-based valuation framework for valuing natural gas storage facility with realistic operational characteristics. The operational process is modeled as a multi-stage stochastic optimization problem. We develop a Gaussian quadrature scheme to solve for the dynamically optimal spot trading strategy and show that the computational efficiency of this method exceeds existing approaches in about two orders of magnitude. Furthermore, with this flexible quadrature scheme, we propose to value a gas storage based on a novel hybrid trading strategy that successfully incorporates both spot and forward trading, thus improving the storage valuation significantly by accounting for both the inter-month and intra-month operational flexibilities and price volatility. In the fourth part of this work, we develop a continuous-time formulation for power plant valuation in infinite time horizon. We propose a real-option-based model for a power plant to account for the embedded operational flexibility. This model incorporates start-up and shut-down costs as two major operational constraints. Under this continuous valuation model, spark spread is modeled directly as a continuous stochastic process to take account of the long term co-integration relationship between electricity and fuel prices. Instead of discretizing the stochastic process, we preserve continuity of the stochastic spark spread process and work directly with the value function. Closed-form of value function under threshold policy is obtained. The corresponding optimal operational strategy can then be solved. The advantage of this approach is that it reduces computational complexity while incorporates major operation characteristics. It enables fast computation of a power plant value that approximates the real market value and sensitivity analysis of the asset value with respect to the cost parameters of a power plant and the distribution parameters of spark spread.

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Gatang'i, Peter Gatheru. "Effective management of machinery in government-operated hospitals." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/1237.

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The methodology and the processes that are followed in the maintenance of government-operated district hospitals in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa are outlined while the strategies that are employed to roll-out the maintenance plan have been investigated. The challenges in managing hospital maintenance are identified so that it can be improved and advice be given on the strategies currently being used. The objectives of the research were to determine the effectiveness of machinery maintenance in government-operated district hospitals. The study has been carried out by investigating 50 district hospitals within the Eastern Cape Province, with the aim of obtaining knowledge of practices in relation to the strategic plans and best practices in the maintenance industry. The following factors identified by the maintenance staff were found to be most important in maintenance management practices; realistic budgets, adherence to occupational health and safety regulations, engagement of qualified and skilled maintenance staff, good record management in relation to the equipment under maintenance, availability of tools and materials and keeping abreast with the latest technologies and trends of machinery advancement. The study also revealed that the majority of the hospitals use a combination of in-house and outsourced personnel during maintenance, the outsourced part being under contract from the National Department of Public Works Repair and Maintenance Plan (RAMP) projects. Service kits and recommended replacement parts for machinery are rarely stocked on the hospital premises while only minor spare parts that include replacement bulbs, electrical fittings, plumbing fittings and paint are readily available. In addition, the maintenance staff members have little or no input in maintenance budgeting, this aspect is controlled by hospital management. For maintenance to be effective, strategic planning that takes into account carefully thought-out maintenance management systems is the first step in the direction of setting out definite tangible objectives and goals. The real challenge lies in the implementation and sustainability of the maintenance management system and the monitoring thereof.

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PORTUGAL, ANDRE LUIZ DE SOUZA. "AN APPLICATION OF REAL OPTIONS THEORY TO THE VALUATION OF A HYDROELECTRIC POWER PLANT." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2007. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=11406@1.

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O significativo potencial hídrico do Brasil tem gerado interesse para investimentos no setor de geração de energia hidrelétrica. No entanto, os métodos de avaliação financeira tradicionalmente utilizados como o Fluxo de Caixa Descontado (FCD) não incorporam as opções que os investidores possuem para gerenciar suas decisões de investimento de capital, e, em consequência, o valor do ativo é por vezes subavaliado. Nessa dissertação, avaliamos, por meio da utilização da Metodologia das Opções Reais, a viabilidade financeira de um projeto de uma usina hidrelétrica cuja capacidade de geração pode ser expandida ao longo do prazo da concessão. Para tanto, foram consideradas as incertezas relacionadas ao preço da energia, à vazão de águas na região do projeto, ao fator de perda na geração, aos indicadores macroeconômicos TJLP e IGP-M, além da possibilidade do investimento ser adiado para uma data futura. Assumindo que o preço spot de energia segue um processo de reversão à sua média histórica de longo prazo, o valor das flexibilidades analisadas não é significativo. No entanto, a análise de sensibilidade envolvendo as variáveis volatilidade e investimento para expansão revelou que o valor do projeto aumenta de R$ 1,449 milhões para aproximadamente R$ 1,650 milhões. Dado o alto grau de incerteza associado à oferta futura de energia elétrica no Brasil, concluímos que a Metodologia das Opções Reais oferece uma melhor estimativa do real valor de um projeto de investimento flexível, devido à existência desta incerteza nos parâmetros utilizados no modelo.
The significant hydric potential available in Brazil has been attracting investments in this business area. On the other hand, traditional valuation methods such as Discount Cash Flow (DCF) do not incorporate the value of the options investors possess when managing their capital investment decisions and as a result, the value of these assets may be undervaluated. In this dissertation, we use the Real Options Approach to analyze the financial feasibility of a hydroelectric power plant project that can expand its generation capacity throughout its concession life. We consider uncertainties such as the spot price of energy, the water flow in the construction region of the project, the energy generation loss factor, macroeconomic parameters such as the TJLP interest rate and the IGP-M inflation rate, and also the possibility that the capital investment decision be postponed. Considering that the spot price of energy follows a long-term mean reversion process, the value of the flexibilities analyzed is not significant. Nevertheless, a sensitivity analysis of the volatility and investment required for an expansion parameters shows that the value of this project increases from R$ 1.449 millions to approximately R$ 1.650 millions. Given the high level of uncertainty regarding the future supply of energy in Brazil, we concluded that the Real Options Approach offers a better valuation of a flexible investment project given the uncertainty concerning the parameters used in the model.

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Wang, Yue. "Modelling and simulation study of IGCC power plant with activated carbon-based carbon capture process." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2016. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/79967/.

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Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC) is considered as a viable option for low emission power generation and carbon-dioxide sequestration. Modelling development and simulation study is essential part for the process of IGCC design and development. This PhD project is aiming to conduct the modelling and simulation study of IGCC power plant by building sub-modules such as gasifier, water gas shift reactor, acid gas removal unit, gas turbine and HRSG, etc. and connecting these modules together for the whole process study. In addition, the impact for the integration of IGCC with activated carbons-based pressure swing adsorption carbon capture process is investigated by using a PSA model developed and validated by University of Birmingham. A simplified zero dimension gasification model is developed based on Texaco gasifier and validated by reference and industry data. The model development is based on mass balance, chemical equilibrium and energy balance. The prediction results for syngas contents concentrations are proved to be reasonably acceptable and the syngas contents changes with key input parameters changes are studied. The model is then used to generate a variable syngas stream to study the dynamic performance of the other sub-modules. A one dimension dynamic model based on Shell slagging gasifier is developed. The model can successfully show the characteristics of slag layers formation and the syngas stream change with response to input parameters change. By using step rise of oxygen input and steam blast input, the dynamic performance of syngas temperature, syngas contents, slag mass flow rate and slag layers thickness is analysed and compared. It is found that oxygen input show relative larger impact on gasifier operation than steam blast for the studied working conditions. Auxiliary modules in a gasification enabled plant and combined cycle power plant are modelled with Thermolib Software. Basic principles of this software are introduced. Simplified quench process, WGS with heat recovery, acid gas removal unit, gas turbine, HRSG and electrical generator are modelled by using the blocks from Thermolib. The simulation results show the dynamic changes of key output variables such as power output, syngas temperature and contents concentrations. PSA model developed by UoB based on ACs is introduced and a 9 step 8 beds cycle model is used for the integration with IGCC model. This PSA model can achieve 80.89% CO2 capture rate with 87.33% of N2 recovery rate without any additional equipment. N2 is used to represent H2 for the simulation. Four cases for IGCC integrated with carbon capture are studied for the energy penalty analysis. It is predicted that the efficiency loss for IGCC power plant with 80.89% carbon capture will be 10.96%. The limitations of using N2 to represent H2 for the PSA model are discussed and it is predicted the real efficiency loss will be lower than the simulation results.

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Hewett, John M. "Corrosion film solubility and suspended particle behaviour of corroding SS316L surfaces in simulated nuclear plant coolant." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2018. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/8629/.

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A once-through flowing rig built entirely from 316L stainless steel (SS316L) was used to study dissolution and particulate release behaviour of corrosion films on SS316L surfaces in simulated PWR primary coolant. Coolant of pH25C 9-11 was prepared using LiOH in nitrogen-sparged ultrapure water, and pumped at 0.1-2 g/min, under ~100 bar pressure and temperatures up to 300 °C. Flow velocity was at most 6.4 mm/s in 1⁄4” tubing, and 0.13 mm/s in 1” bore tubing where the bulk of the volume resided. Levels of the five most prevalent alloying elements – Fe, Cr, Ni, Mo, Mn – were analysed in rig effluent samples using ICP-MS. Nitrocellulose filters (0.05-3.0 μm) were used at the point of sampling to assess the contribution from particulate and colloidal matter. In most runs, SS316L surfaces of the rig acted as the sole source of corrosion products. Levels of Fe, Cr, and Ni were generally in the low ppb range, consistent with solubility, though transients to higher levels occurred. Levels of Mo and Mn varied with time and flow rate, sometimes exceeding 100 ppb, and cumulative release, particularly of Mo, appeared to be greater than could be accounted for by non-selective oxidation, suggesting leaching from the SS316L subsurface.

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Rajbansi, A. M. "Capital Allowances on a power generating plant." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/41571.

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South Africa emerged as a country that fought and overcame arduous oppression.. Following the democratic revolution of 1994, the new government regime embarked on an enormous electrification rollout with the mandate of ensuring all households in the country have access to electricity. This did not come without huge challenges and the electricity supply network was already under pressure. This led to load shedding and in turn impeded economic growth. Consequently South Africa requires significant investment in new electricity infrastructure. In order to ensure sustainable economic growth, the provision of reliable electricity is a critical strategic imperative. One of the objectives (according to the Electricity Regulation Act, No. 4 of 2006) is to facilitate investment in the electricity supply industry. To empower and encourage electricity producers, including foreign investors, to enter into the market, it is imperative to critically assess the current tax allowances available for the construction of power station assets within South Africa's domestic shores. In addition, the concept of load shedding is not limited to South Africa, but is a form of reducing demand on the energy generating system and is experienced internationally. To understand the tax incentives offered by international countries to reduce demand on the electricity supply network, will form part of this assessment. Benchmarking will be done on South Africa's domestic tax incentives offered to local electricity generators against international suppliers of electricity.
Dissertation (MCom)--University of Pretoria, 2013.
lmchunu2014
Taxation
unrestricted

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Kataria, Mitesh. "Environmental valuation, ecosystem services and aquatic species /." Uppsala : Dept. of Economics, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 2007. http://epsilon.slu.se/200765.pdf.

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Zhongyi, Cai. "Vibration diagnosis of elastic shafts with a transverse crack." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2011. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/405.

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Detection of the shaft crack in a rotating machine is one of the most challenging problems in equipment predictive maintenance. In the available literature, various crack detection methods have been applied to study the dynamic behaviour of a cracked shaft. This study sought to attempt a vibration-based method. Elastic shafts with three different types of transverse cracks, including experimentally-induced fatigue crack, welded shaft crack, and wire-cut crack, were fabricated, and used to analyse the bending stiffness and frequency response in the vertical direction. The results from the cracked shafts were compared with that of an intact shaft. Bending stiffness of different shafts was measured as a function of rotation angle of the shafts. Among the three different crack types, the bending stiffness of the fatigue crack shaft showed a typical breathing behaviour, which was consistent with the previous theoretical results. The welded shaft crack also demonstrated opening and closing characteristics, but the stiffness was found to be much lower compared with that of a fatigue cracked shaft. As for the wire-cut crack, no breathing mechanism was observed for any rotational angle, due to the big width of the gap. Therefore, it is concluded that the fatigue induced crack is the most accurate method to evaluate the vibration characteristics of cracked shafts. Our results also indicated that existing switching model and harmonic models cannot describe the periodic stiffness of a transverse shaft crack accurately. Modal analysis was carried out on the intact shaft, as well as the three types of cracked shafts. Frequency responses in the X-axis direction were obtained. The correlation between the bending stiffness and the resonant frequency was examined, and it was experimentally proved that the decrease in resonant frequency was almost proportional to the reduction in the stiffness. Also, the amplitude of vibration response was found to be amplified by the crack element. The cause and implications of these results were analysed, and they are expected to deepen our understanding of crack diagnosis using vibration method.

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Heureux, Ana Magali Carrera. "Carbon fixation in eukaryotic marine algae : evolution of photosynthetic machinery and isotopic footprints." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2016. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:eb2b64e5-5740-424b-802e-702c6b88c937.

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Photosynthesis in the world's oceans by marine algae is responsible for approximately 50% of CO2 fixed into organic carbon. Aquatic primary producers are intricately linked to the climate system due to their reliance on CO2 as a substrate for photosynthesis and role in the removal and export of carbon from the surface ocean to marine sediments. The evolutionary history of marine algae was shaped by changes in the climate system. As a result, fossilized marine algae and modern representatives of ancient groups have the potential to unlock information about the Earth’s climatic past. To use this information and fully understand the role of marine algae in the carbon cycle, however, it is essential to develop an in-depth understanding of CO2 fixation in these organisms. In this thesis I look at carbon fixation in biomineralizing marine algae from a geological and a biological perspective. First I apply a carbon isotope proxy for CO2 to organic material preserved in marine diatom frustules from an extremely transformative period in geological history, the Eocene-Oligocene boundary. Subsequently, this thesis aims to address gaps in our understanding of carbon fixation in eukaryotic marine algae. I present a novel dataset of kinetics of the carbon fixing enzyme, Rubisco, in eukaryotic algae, investigate the role of a pyrenoid-based carbon concentrating mechanism, and identify plastic changes in carbon fixing machinery in response to changing CO2. The findings from this thesis refine our understanding of primary production in the oceans and how we apply algae-based CO2 proxies to understand ancient climates.

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Jaramillo, Juan R. "The generalized machine layout problem." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2007. https://eidr.wvu.edu/etd/documentdata.eTD?documentid=5504.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--West Virginia University, 2007.
Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains xi, 86 p. : ill. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 82-86).

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Wang, Peng. "Intelligent signal/image processing for fault diagnosis and prognosis." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/13308.

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Markowski, Alexander. "Elements of strategy @ work : a survey within the German machine and plant industry." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/50336.

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Thesis (MBA)--Stellenbosch University, 2005.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: In undertaking this research on strategy at work, several key issues emerged and shaped its course. Firstly, it was essential to understand what strategy is about. Since the humble beginnings of strategic management in the world of business, there has been confusion about its definition and basic elements. The number of definitions, of varying usefulness, is almost as infinite as the number of authors in this field. This study therefore attempts to pinpoint the commonly agreed upon underlying elements of strategy. Secondly, the use of strategy and the benefits accruing to the corporate world were of interest. An investigation into the use of strategy and its effect on performance was carried out by means of a survey among German companies in the machine and plant manufacturing industry. Finally, data gathered were analysed to prove the existence of a relationship between the use of strategy and corporate performance. This task was done by means of non-empirical as well as empirical study. The non-empirical study was undertaken as a literature review, and set out to investigate the basic principles of strategy in order to establish a common definition regarding the elements of strategy. On the other hand, the empirical study took place in the form of a survey, collecting primary data on the matter. From the literature review it was concluded that strategy can be defined by means of five elements, namely plan, ploy, pattern, perspective and position. While the first three elements are related more to the 'how' of strategy, by asking in which form they can be seen, the latter two tell more about the 'what' of strategy, by clarifying the content. In addition to the elements of strategy, it was established that, for the purpose of this study, corporate performance can be described by using four indicators, namely growth, market share, return on equity and innovation. In the subsequent survey, companies were requested to respond to a questionnaire regarding these five elements, as well as the four indicators of their performance. Close analysis showed that companies did indeed utilise one or more elements of strategy. It is noteworthy that only two companies reported that they did not make use of strategy at all. More significant is the finding that there is a small positive relationship between the use of elements of strategy and performance. In summing up, it can be said that companies indeed utilise elements of strategy. Furthermore, it can be concluded that companies using more elements of strategy may do better than companies using fewer elements, since there is a small positive relationship between the number of elements used and performance.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: In hierdie navorsingsprojek oor Strategy at Work (Strategie in Werking) het verskeie sleutelaangeleenthede, wat die verloop daarvan gevorm het, opgeduik. Eerstens was dit noodsaaklik om begrip te hê waaroor strategie handel. Sedert die nederige ontstaan van strategiese bestuur in die sakewêreld, heers daar verwarring oor sy basiese elemente en 'n definisie daarvoor. Die aantal definisies - van afwisselende nuttigheid - is bykans so ontelbaar soos die hoeveelheid skrywers in hierdie veld. Derhalwe probeer hierdie studie die algemeen erkende en onderliggende elemente van strategie haarfyn aanwys. Tweedens was die aanwending van strategie en die voordele wat gevolglik vir die korporatiewe wêreld aangroei van belang. 'n Ondersoek na die aanwending van stategie en dié se uitwerking op prestasie is uitgevoer deur middel van 'n opname onder Duitse maatskappye in die masjien- en aanlegvervaardigingsnywerheid. Ten slotte is versamelde gegewens geanaliseer om die bestaan van 'n verband tussen die aanwending van strategie en korporatiewe prestasie te bewys. Hierdie taak is deur middel van nie-empiriese sowel as empiriese studie uitgevoer. Die nie-empiriese studie is as 'n literêre oorsig uitgevoer en het 'n ondersoek na die basiese beginsels van strategie behels - met die skep van 'n algemene definisie betreffende die elemente van strategie as oogmerk. Daarenteen het die empiriese studie die vorm aangeneem van 'n opname waartydens vername gegewens oor die aangeleentheid versamel is. Uit die literêre oorsig is die gevolgtrekking gemaak dat strategie deur middel van vyf elemente, naamlik plan, metode, patroon, perspektief en posisie, gedefinieer kan word. Waar eersvermelde drie elemente meer verband hou met die "hoe" van strategie deur te vra in watter vorm dit gesien kan word, gaan dit by die oorblywende twee meer oor die "wat" van strategie deur die inhoud te verhelder. Benewens die elemente van strategie is daar vasgestel dat vir die doel van hierdie studie korporatiewe prestasie beskryf kan word deur die aanwending van vier aanwysers, naamlik groei, markaandeel, rendement van ekwiteit en innovasie. In die daaropvolgende opname is maatskappye versoek om te reageer op 'n vraelys oor hierdie vyf elemente, asook die vier aanwysers rakende hulle prestasie. Noukeurige analise het getoon dat maatskappye inderdaad een of meer elemente van strategie aangewend het. Dit is meldenswaardig dat net twee maatskappye aangedui het dat hulle geensins van strategie gebruik gemaak het nie. En meer betekenisvol is die bevinding dat daar 'n geringe, positiewe verwantskap is tussen die aanwending van elemente van strategie en prestasie. Opsommenderwys kan aangevoer word dat maatskappye inderdaad elemente van stategie aanwend. Vervolgens kan die afleiding gemaak word dat maatskappye, wat meer elemente van strategie toepas, nog beter vaar as maatskappye wat minder elemente aanwend aangesien daar 'n klein, positiewe verband tussen die aantal elemente wat aangewend word en prestasie bestaan.

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17

Kühn, Kristina. "Analysis of components of the mitochondrial transcription machinery in Arabidopsis thaliana." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät I, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/15453.

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In der vorliegenden Arbeit wurde die Transkription mitochondrialer Gene durch die kernkodierten Phagentyp-RNA-Polymerasen RpoTm und RpoTmp der Pflanze Arabidopsis untersucht. Im Mitochondriengenom von Arabidopsis wurden f r 12 Gene Promotoren bestimmt. Diese zeigten verschiedene Sequenzelemente und wichen meist von der f r Dikotyle publizierten Konsensussequenz ab. F r die Mehrheit der Gene wurden multiple Promotoren identifiziert. Es wurden weiterhin Promotoren nachgewiesen, welche die Transkription vermutlich nicht funktioneller Sequenzen aktivieren. Architektur, Lokalisation und Nutzung mitochondrialer Promotoren implizieren eine wenig stringente Kontrolle der Transkriptionsinitiation in Arabidopsis-Mitochondrien. Zur Analyse der Funktionen von RpoTm und RpoTmp wurde ein in vitro-Transkriptionssystem entwickelt. Da RpoT-Enzyme m”glicherweise Kofaktoren ben”tigen, wurde in Arabidopsis nach Genen potentieller mitochondrialer Transkriptionsfaktoren gesucht. Als mitochondriales Protein mit Žhnlichkeit zu mtTFB, einem essentiellen Transkriptionsfaktor in Hefemitochondrien, wurde MetA identifiziert. In in vitro-Assays initiierte RpoTm an verschiedenen Promotoren die Transkription, w„hrend RpoTmp keine signifikante Promotorspezifit„t zeigte. Die spezifische Promotornutzung durch RpoTm erforderte superhelikale DNA. Weder RpoTm noch RpoTmp wurde durch MetA stimuliert. Eine mtTFB-„hnliche Funktion von MetA ist daher unwahrscheinlich. F r MetA wurde ausserdem eine engere phylogenetische Beziehung zu nukle„ren rRNA-Dimethylasen als zu mtTFB ermittelt. Die hier vorgestellten Studien belegen die Transkription mitochondrialer Gene in Arabidopsis durch RpoTm; f r RpoTmp ist eine nicht-redundante Transkriptionsfunktion denkbar. Die Kofaktor-unabh„ngige Spezifit„t von RpoTm f r verschiedene Promotoren und die wenig stringente Initiationskontrolle in vivo legen nahe, dass eine individuelle Regulation mitochondrialer Gene in Arabidopsis auf Transkriptionsebene nicht erfolgt.
Mitochondria depend on a nucleus-encoded transcription machinery to express their genome. The present study examined the transcription of mitochondrial genes by two nucleus-encoded phage-type RNA polymerases, RpoTm and RpoTmp, in the plant Arabidopsis. For selected mitochondrial genes in Arabidopsis, transcription initiation sites were determined. Most genes were found to possess multiple promoters. The identified promoters displayed diverse sequence elements and mostly deviated from a nonanucleotide consensus derived previously for dicot mitochondrial promoters. Several promoters were detected that activate transcription of presumably non-functional sequences. Promoter architecture, distribution and utilization suggest a non-stringent control of transcription initiation in Arabidopsis mitochondria. An in vitro transcription system was set up to elucidate the roles of RpoTm and RpoTmp. Since RpoT enzymes possibly require auxiliary factors, the Arabidopsis genome was screened for potential cofactors of phage-type RNA polymerases. A mitochondrial protein (MetA) with similarity to mtTFB, an essential transcription factor in yeast mitochondria, was identified. In in vitro transcription studies, RpoTm recognized various promoters whereas RpoTmp displayed no significant promoter specificity. Promoter recognition by RpoTm depended on supercoiled DNA templates. Transcription initiation by RpoTm or RpoTmp was not affected by MetA, indicating that MetA is not functionally equivalent to mtTFB. Besides, MetA was found to be more closely related to non-mitochondrial rRNA dimethylases than to mtTFB. The present study establishes RpoTm to transcribe mitochondrial genes; RpoTmp may have a non-overlapping transcriptional role in mitochondria. The cofactor-independent promoter specificity of RpoTm and the apparently non-stringent control of transcription initiation in vivo imply that mitochondrial genes in Arabidopsis may not be regulated individually at the transcriptional level.

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Evans, Roy F. "Industrial maintenance data collection and application developing an information strategy for an industrial site /." Access electronically, 2008. http://ro.uow.edu.au/theses/92.

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SILVA, BRUNO NOGUEIRA. "SET UP OF A FORECASTING MODEL FOR ELECTRICAL ENERGY SPOT PRICES IN BRAZIL AND VALUATION OF A THERMOELECTRICAL POWER PLANT USING REAL OPTIONS MODEL." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2001. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=1941@1.

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COORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DO PESSOAL DE ENSINO SUPERIOR
O Setor de energia elétrica no Brasil vem sofrendo fortes mudanças estruturais, cujo principal objetivo é criar um caráter competitivo para permitir ao setor crescer não mais por investimentos estatais, mas sim pelas mãos do capital privado. Com isso, espera-se que a oferta possa acompanhar a demanda crescente nos últimos anos, devido a falta de investimentos no setor, e fazer com que o risco de déficit de carga no futuro diminua. O Programa Prioritário de Termelétricas, lançado pelo governo federal, vai aumentar a oferta de energia no país com a construção de usinas termelétricas, aproveitando o fato da disponibilidade de gás natural existente, e com isso aumentará a participação de geração térmica na matriz energética brasileira. Essa mudança vai conferir mais confiabilidade ao parque gerador de energia, diminuindo o risco de déficit energético pela redução do nível de água dos reservatórios das usinas hidrelétricas. Além disso, as usinas termelétricas são uma alternativa de curto prazo para o Brasil, pois devido ao reduzido prazo de construção, permitiria o aumento da oferta durante a transição para o mercado competitivo, minimizando com isso os riscos de déficit no futuro. As termelétricas, nessa nova estrutura do setor elétrico brasileiro, podem se declarar flexíveis ou inflexíveis. Uma termelétrica flexível é aquela onde sua energia pode ser comercializada no Mercado Atacadista de Energia (MAE), logo ficando sujeita a volatilidade do mercado spot, mas podendo obter grandes lucros. Uma termelétrica inflexível é aquela onde toda sua energia é comercializada mediante contratos bilaterais, ou seja, a energia gerada não é comercializada no MAE. Isto reduz as incertezas, mas também reduz as oportunidades de grandes lucros. A maior incerteza de um projeto do setor elétrico brasileiro é o preço da energia elétrica que em países onde este setor foi reestruturado, como o Brasil, é determinado através do custo marginal de curto prazo (CMCP), por um modelo de otimização energética não publicado ao mercado. Em vista disso, essa dissertação se propõe a formular um modelo para os preços de energia elétrica no Brasil, avaliar uma planta de geração térmica utilizando a Teoria de Opções Reais aliada a técnica de simulação de Monte Carlo e comparar os resultados com os obtidos por Alessandro de Lima Castro em sua dissertação de Mestrado defendida em abril de 2000 cujo título é Avaliação de Investimento de Capital em Projetos de Geração Termoelétrica no Setor Elétrico Brasileiro Usando Teoria das Opções Reais.
The Brazilian Electricity Sector has experienced strong structural changes, whose main objective is to create a competitiveness character to allow for the sector to grow not more for state investments, but now for the hands of the private capital. So, it is expected that supply can meet the growing demand in the last years, due to the lack of investments in the sector, and consequently reduce the risk of load deficit in the future. The Emergency Program of Thermal Plants, introduced by the federal government, will increase the offer of energy in the country with the construction of thermal plants, taking advantage of the availability of natural gas, and thus, will increase the participation of thermal generation in Brazil. That change will give more reliability to the Brazilian Electric System, reducing the risk of energy deficit due to the reduction of the level of water in the reservoirs of the hydro plants. Besides, thermal plants is a short-term alternative to Brazil, because its construction term is shorter than that of hydro plants, so this will increase the offer of energy during the transition for the competitive market, and so reducing the risk of load deficit in the future. Thermal Plants, in that new structure of the Brazilian Electric Sector, can be declared flexible either or inflexible. A flexible thermal plant is that where its energy can be negotiated in a WholeSale Energy Market, and so being subjects the volatility of the spot market, but it could obtain great profits. An inflexible thermal plant is that where its whole energy is negotiated by through bilateral contracts, that is, the energy generated is not negociated in the WholeSale Energy Market. This reduces uncertainties, but it also reduces the opportunities of great profits. The largest uncertainty of a project of the Brazilian electric sector is the price of electricity, and in countries where this sector was restructured, like in Brazil, it is determined through the short run marginal cost (SRMC), for energetic otimization model not published to the market. Thus, this dissertation intends to formulate a model for the price of electricity in Brazil, to evaluate a thermal plant using Real Options Theory and Monte Carlo simulation, and to compare the results with CASTRO´s dissertation: Evaluation of Capital Investment in Thermoelectric Generation Projects in the Brazilian Electricity Sector Using Real Options Theory.
El Sector de energía eléctrica en Brasil ha sufrido fuertes cambios extructurales, con el objetivo de crear un carácter competitivo que permita el crecimiento de este sector, en manos del capital privado y no más por inversiones estatales. Con esto, se espera que la oferta consiga acompañar la demanda cresciente en los últimos años, debido a la falta de inversiones en el sector, y conseguir que el riesgo de déficit de carga en el futuro disminuya. El Programa Prioritario de Termoeléctricas, lanzado por el gobierno federal, pretende aumentar la oferta de energía en el país con la construcción de centrales termoeléctricas, aprovechando la disponibilidad de gas natural existente. Como consecuencia aumentará la participación de la generación térmica en la matriz energética brasilera. Este cambio dará mayor confiabilidad al parque generador de energía, diminuyendo el riesgo de déficit energético por la reducción del nível de agua de los depósitos de las centrales hidroeléctricas. Además, las centrales termoeléctricas constituyen una alternativa de corto plazo para Brasil que, gracias al reducido plazo de construcción, permitiría el aumento de la oferta durante la transición para el mercado competitivo, minimizando así, los riesgos de déficit en el futuro. Las termoeléctricas, en esta nueva extructura del sector eléctrico brasilero, pueden declararse flexibles o inflexibles. Em una termoeléctrica flexible la energía puede ser comercializada en el Mercado Atacadista de Energía (MAE), sujetándose a la volatilidad del mercado spot, pero pudiendo obtener grandes lucros. Una termoeléctrica inflexível comercializa toda su energía mediante contratos bilaterales, o sea, la energía generada no se comercializa en el MAE. Esto reduce los riesgos, pero también reduce las oportunidades de grandes lucros. El mayor riesgo de un proyecto del sector eléctrico brasilero es el precio de la energía eléctrica que, en países donde este sector fue reextructurado, (como en Brasil) se determina a través del costo marginal de corto plazo (CMCP); a través de un modelo de optimización energética no publicado al mercado. Esta disertación se propone formular un modelo para los precios de energía eléctrica en el Brasil, evaluar una planta de generación térmica utilizando la Teoría de Opciones Reales aliada a la técnica de simulación de Monte Carlo; y comparar nuestros resultados con los obtenidos por Alesandro de Lima Castro en su disertación de Mestrado defendida en abril de 2000 bajo el título Evaluación de Inversión de Capital en Proyectos de Generación Termoeléctrica en el Sector Eléctrico Brasilero Usando Teoría de las Opciones Reales.

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Karnahl, Matthias [Verfasser], and Gerd [Akademischer Betreuer] Jürgens. "Functional analysis of the membrane-fusion machinery mediating cell-plate formation in dividing cells of the flowering plant Arabidopsis thaliana / Matthias Karnahl ; Betreuer: Gerd Jürgens." Tübingen : Universitätsbibliothek Tübingen, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1199116076/34.

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21

Thiart, G. D. "A numerical procedure for predicting the effects of distorted inflow conditions on the performance of axial flow fans." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/5747.

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Thesis (PhD (Mechanical Engineering))--University of Stellenbosch, 1990.
Leaves printed on single pages, preliminary pages i- viii and numbered pages 1-1-R5. Includes bibliography, list of tables and figures and list of appendices. Digitized at 330 dpi black and white PDF format (OCR),using KODAK i 1220 PLUS scanner.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: A numerical procedure for predicting the effect of inlet flow distortions on the performance of axial flow fans is proposed. The study is aimed specifically at fans of low solidity and low hub-to-tip ratios, which have attained some importance with the advent of large directly air-cooled power stations in certain arid regions of the world. The numerical model is an extension to cylindrical polar coordinates of the SIMPLEN algorithm that has been developed by the author previously. The algorithm is implemented in a computer code, FLOVAX, which solves the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations, augmented by the k-Ɛ model of turbulence, on a computational domain that is aligned with the cylindrical polar coordinate system. Several relatively simple flow problems are solved to verify the code: laminar stagnation flow, laminar flow near a rotating disk, turbulent flow near a propeller, turbulent flow through an abrupt axisymmetric expansion, and turbulent swirling flow in an annulus. Good agreement is obtained between the numerical solutions and the corresponding analytical, empirical or published experimental and numerical results. Some experimental results are also presented: measurements of shaft power, volume flow rate and static pressure rise were taken in a setup comprising an axial flow fan mounted in the wall of a wind tunnel. The wind tunnel was used to provide flow across the fan intake, thus establishing distorted inflow conditions. Detailed measurements of the velocity and static pressure distributions in the duct downstream of the fan rotor were also performed. It is clear from the results that flow across the intake of the test fan has a detrimental effect on its performance in that an increased amount of power is necessary to deliver the same flow rate as with no crossflow. In the numerical predictions, blade element theory is used to model the thrust and torque exerted by the fan blades on the air. The numerical results generally confirm the results of the experiment, although the increase in power is underestimated: an increase of only approximately half of the measured increase is predicted. Several recommendations for improvement of the numerical procedure are made.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: 'n Numeriese prosedure vir die voorspelling van die invloed van versteurings in inlaatvloei op die werking van aksiaalwaaiers word daargestel. Die studie is spesifiek gemik op waaiers van lae soliditeit en lae lempunt-tot-naafverhoudings. Waaiers van hierdie tipe het belangrikheid verwerf sedert die onlangse totstandkoming van groot lugverkoelde kragstasies in sekere droe werelddele. Die numeriese model is 'n uitbreiding na silindriese poolkoordinate van die SIMPLEN-algoritme wat voorheen deur die skrywer ontwikkel is. Die algoritme word geimplementeer in 'n rekenaarkode, FLOVAX, wat die onsamedukbare Navier-Stokes-vergelykings, aangevul deur die k-Ɛ-turbulensiemodel, oplos op 'n berekeningsgebied wat saamval met die silindriese poolkoordinaatstelsel. Verskeie relatief eenvoudige vloeiprobleme word opgelos ter verifikasie van die kode: laminere stagnasievloei, laminere vloei op 'n roterende skyf, turbulente vloei deur 'n propeller, turbulente vloei deur 'n aksiaalsimmetriese vernouing, en turbulente roterende vloei in 'n annulus. Goeie ooreenstemming tussen die numeriese oplossings en die ooreenstemmende analitiese, empiriese of gepubliseerde eksperimentele en numeriese resultate is verkry. Eksperimentele resultate word ook aangebied: metings van asdrywing, volumevloei en statiese drukstyging is geneem in 'n opstelling wat bestaan het uit 'n aksiaalwaaier wat in die wand van 'n windtonnel gemonteer is. Die windtonnel is gebruik om versteurde-invloei-toestande te genereer in die vorm van dwarsvloei oor die waaier-inlaat. Snelheids- en statiese drukverdelings in die kanaal stroom-af van die waaierrotor is ook gemeet. Dit blyk duidelik uit die resultate dat die dwarsvloei oor die inlaat van die toetswaaier 'n nadelige uitwerking het op die werking daarvan in die opsig dat meer drywing nodig is om dieselfde vloeitempo te handhaaf as wat die geval is sonder dwarsvloei. Vir die numeriese voorspellings word van lem-element-teorie gebruik gemaak om die stukrag en draaimoment wat deur die waaier op die lug uitgeoefen word, te modelleer. Die numeriese resultate bevestig oor die algemeen die eksperimentele resultate, alhoewel die drywingstoename onderskat word met sowat die helfte van die gemete toename. Verskeie aanbevelings ter verbetering van die numeriese prosedure word gemaak.

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Camp, Joe Harden. "Birch rod to arsenal : a study of the Naval Ordnance Plant at South Charleston, West Virginia and the search for a government industrial policy /." VIEW WEB VERSION, 2002. http://etd.wvu.edu/templates/showETD.cfm?recnum=2359.

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Onzi, Angélica Carla. "Efeito de terpenóides e extratos vegetais sobre carnorhabditis elegans." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UCS, 2013. https://repositorio.ucs.br/handle/11338/913.

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Lasrado, Vernet Michael. "Design of the layout of a manufacturing facility with a closed loop conveyor with shortcuts using queueing theory and genetic algorithms." Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2011. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/4783.

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With the ongoing technology battles and price wars in today's competitive economy, every company is looking for an advantage over its peers. A particular choice of facility layout can have a significant impact on the ability of a company to maintain lower operational expenses under uncertain economic conditions. It is known that systems with less congestion have lower operational costs. Traditionally, manufacturing facility layout problem methods aim at minimizing the total distance traveled, the material handling cost, or the time in the system (based on distance traveled at a specific speed). The proposed methodology solves the looped layout design problem for a looped layout manufacturing facility with a looped conveyor material handling system with shortcuts using a system performance metric, i.e. the work in process (WIP) on the conveyor and at the input stations to the conveyor, as a factor in the minimizing function for the facility layout optimization problem which is solved heuristically using a permutation genetic algorithm. The proposed methodology also presents the case for determining the shortcut locations across the conveyor simultaneously (while determining the layout of the stations around the loop) versus the traditional method which determines the shortcuts sequentially (after the layout of the stations has been determined). The proposed methodology also presents an analytical estimate for the work in process at the input stations to the closed looped conveyor. It is contended that the proposed methodology (using the WIP as a factor in the minimizing function for the facility layout while simultaneously solving for the shortcuts) will yield a facility layout which is less congested than a facility layout generated by the traditional methods (using the total distance traveled as a factor of the minimizing function for the facility layout while sequentially solving for the shortcuts). The proposed methodology is tested on a virtual 300mm Semiconductor Wafer Fabrication Facility with a looped conveyor material handling system with shortcuts. The results show that the facility layouts generated by the proposed methodology have significantly less congestion than facility layouts generated by traditional methods. The validation of the developed analytical estimate of the work in process at the input stations reveals that the proposed methodology works extremely well for systems with Markovian Arrival Processes.
ID: 030646212; System requirements: World Wide Web browser and PDF reader.; Mode of access: World Wide Web.; Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Central Florida, 2011.; Includes bibliographical references (p. 263-276).
Ph.D.
Doctorate
Industrial Engineering and Management Systems
Engineering and Computer Science
Industrial Engineering

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Pontes, Márcio Rogério. "Valoração contigente de um projeto de recuperação de qualidade das águas - o caso do córrego Limoeiro em Presidente Prudente, SP." Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009. https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/4278.

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Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos
The purpose of this work is to evaluate, according to the population s perception, the benefit to the environment by treating the sanitary sewers flowing into the Limoeiro stream located in Presidente Prudente, in the state of Sao Paulo. It is sometimes difficult to place a value on natural resources and this research attempts to develop a method to place a value to this particular natural resources, the Limoeiro stream. By making it possible to have a base of common comparison, the financial value, provides a justification for investments in environment conservation projects. With this objective, the contingent valuation method was used to evaluate the natural resource which investigated the disposition of the population to pay for this process in two types of scenarios. In the first scenario, which presents the legal view of the conservation, determined that it would be R$ 5,12 with 95% of entrust and a plus or minus 10% margin of error. In the second scenario, which presents the ideal view of the water course conservation would be R$ 7,35 also showing a 95% entrust and a plus or minus 10% margin of error. A period of 30 years was stipulated and the global liquid present value between R$ 9.126.914,16 to R$ 16.011.288,26 with a discount tax of 12% of the capital.
O presente trabalhou teve por objetivo valorar, conforme a percepção da população, o ganho de qualidade ambiental produzido pelo tratamento dos esgotos sanitários no curso de água córrego Limoeiro, município de Presidente Prudente, estado de São Paulo. Os recursos naturais não têm seu valor estipulado pelo mercado, sendo assim, necessita-se de outros meios, como a presente pesquisa, para contribuir no sentido de valorar os recursos naturais, sendo então possível ter uma base de comparação comum, qual seja, o valor financeiro, para justificar investimentos e projetos na área da conservação ambiental. Com esse objetivo, de valorar o recurso natural, utilizou-se o método de valoração contingente que buscou captar a disposição a pagar (DAP) da população para dois Cenários. No Cenário que atendia a disposição legal foi captada uma DAP per capta da ordem de R$ 5,12, com 95% de confiabilidade e uma margem de erro de 10% para mais ou para menos. No Cenário que atingia a situação ideal de conservação do curso de água a DAP per capta captada foi de R$ 7,35, também com 95% de confiabilidade e uma margem de erro de 10% para mais ou para menos. Foi estipulado um período de 30 anos e o valor presente líquido global encontrado está na faixa de R$ 9.126.914,16 a R$ R$ 16.011.288,26, para uma taxa de desconto do capital de 12% ao ano.

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26

Elwany, Alaa H. "Sensor-based prognostics and structured maintenance policies for components with complex degradation." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/37198.

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We propose a mathematical framework that integrates low-level sensory signals from monitoring engineering systems and their components with high-level decision models for maintenance optimization. Our objective is to derive optimal adaptive maintenance strategies that capitalize on condition monitoring information to update maintenance actions based upon the current state of health of the system. We refer to this sensor-based decision methodology as "sense-and-respond logistics". As a first step, we develop and extend degradation models to compute and periodically update the remaining life distribution of fielded components using in situ degradation signals. Next, we integrate these sensory updated remaining life distributions with maintenance decision models to; (1) determine, in real-time, the optimal time to replace a component such that the lost opportunity costs due to early replacements are minimized and system utilization is increased, and (2) sequentially determine the optimal time to order a spare part such that inventory holding costs are minimized while preventing stock outs. Lastly, we integrate the proposed degradation model with Markov process models to derive structured replacement and spare parts ordering policies. In particular, we show that the optimal maintenance policy for our problem setting is a monotonically non-decreasing control limit type policy. We validate our methodology using real-world data from monitoring a piece of rotating machinery using vibration accelerometers. We also demonstrate that the proposed sense-and-respond decision methodology results in better decisions and reduced costs compared to other traditional approaches.

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Conrad, George R. "Development of course outlines for a maintenance technician training program." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1985. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/415.

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Fredriksson, Lars, and Niklas Jonsson. "Värdering av tillgångar : En branschpraxis för klädbranschen och byggbranschen." Thesis, Södertörn University College, School of Business Studies, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-1547.

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The valuation of an asset is one of the most important thing with accounting, though one of the most difficult thing as well. However, in deciding useful service life for an intangible asset and property, plant and equipment, there are quite a margin for the companies, which creates a difference between companies and industries. When computing the value of the inventories there are a few possibilities available for the companies, which also can generate differences

between companies and industries. Although these differences can occur, there might be some similarities in the companies’ estimates. Hence, the purpose of this essay is to establish whether there are any differences in how companies are assessing their useful service life of intangible assets, property, plant and equipment and deciding the value of inventories. To be able to accomplish the purpose, company’s annual reports were used along with other necessary sources, for instance books about accounting principles and theories. The study, furthermore, concluded that there are small differences between companies within the same industry and industries altogether, in their judgment on useful service life and the value of the inventories.

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29

Machion, Ane Caroline Grisolio. "Valoração ambiental e analise de viabilidade economica : o caso da estação escola de tratamento de esgotos da Universidade Estadual de Campinas." [s.n.], 2006. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/257783.

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Orientador: Jose Roberto Guimarães
Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Civil, Arquitetura e Urbanismo
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-07T16:39:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Machion_AneCarolineGrisolio_M.pdf: 8431121 bytes, checksum: 6a5866ab77e4d74302c23bf3d221b93e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006
Resumo: Um dos problemas ambientais urbanos mais graves é a falta de tratamento do esgoto sanitário que, freqüentemente despejado in natura em corpos d¿água, causa danos, por vezes irreversíveis, às reservas de água potável comprometendo e restringindo seu uso. A presente pesquisa tem como objetivos caracterizar os investimentos necessários à construção da Estação Escola de Tratamento de Esgotos da Universidade Estadual de Campinas aplicando-se um método de valoração ambiental e analisar a viabilidade econômica destes investimentos considerando-se o reúso do efluente tratado. A metodologia consiste em caracterizar o objeto de estudo e o seu entorno, construir cenários referentes à qualidade ambiental do rio receptor do efluente da UNICAMP e simular o fluxo de caixa para o cálculo dos indicadores econômicos
Abstract: One of the most serious urban environmental problems is the lack of sanitary wastewater treatment which frequently is discharged in natura in water bodies causing damages, sometimes irreversible, to potable water reservations compromising and restricting their use. The present research has as objectives to characterize the necessary investments for the building of School Wastewater Treatment Plant at State University of Campinas applying a valuation method and to analyze the economical viability of these investments considering the treated effluent reuse. The methodology consists in characterizing the object of study and its surrounding, to build sceneries referring to environmental quality of the receiver river of UNICAMP¿s effluent and to simulate the cash flow for the economic indicators calculation
Mestrado
Saneamento e Ambiente
Mestre em Engenharia Civil

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30

Novotný, Jan. "Energetická bilance čistíren odpadních vod." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-226166.

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This masters thesis is dealing with energetic evaluation of selected municipal WWTP – WWTP Polička. First chapter, introduction explains basic terms and goals of thesis. Second chapter explains energy audit, energy audit process its scope and contents. Third chapter deals with assesing life cycle using LCA (life cycle assesment). Fourth chapter deal with energy consumption at WWTP in Czech Republic as well as in the world. Fifth chapter describes technology of WWTP Polička and its fundamental objects. Sixth chapter is assesment of WWTP Polička from hydraulic point of view and assesment of selected machinery. Further there is summation of capital and operational costs followed by capital investment return.

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31

Santos, Michele da Silva. "PARÂMETROS MECÂNICOS DE TRAÇÃO EM SISTEMAS DE CULTIVO DE MELANCIA." Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2010. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/7528.

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In Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, the watermelon is cultivated in a large area of sandy soils, where the conventional tillage is the most commonly used, favoring the water erosion. This leads the areas under cultivation of this vegetable to intense erosive processes, which in some cases at the end of cultivation, the areas become unfit for further cultivation. In order to evaluate the performance of the watermelon crop from the point of view of production in different systems of soil tillage, in sandy soil, analyzing the operating factors of the tractor-implement set by means of an electronic system of measurement, was conducted under field conditions, an experiment at São Roque Farm, Dilermando de Aguiar County, localized at the Central Depression region of Rio Grande do Sul. The soil was a typic Hapludalf, with plots of 6 x 8m. The experimental design was randomized block with four replications and seven treatments in a factorial 7 x 4. The obtained data were tabulated and submitted to ANOVA and Tukey test with a 5% of probability error, and used the computer application MSSAAGRI to the procedure of statistical analysis. The applied treatments were: conventional tillage (PC), with one plowing and two harrowing; no- tillage (PD); tillage with a chisel plow with one shank (PDE1H); tillage with a chisel plow with two shanks (PDE2H); tillage with a chisel plow with three shanks (PDE3H); tillage with a chisel plow with four skanks (PDE4H) and tillage with a chisel plow with five shanks (PDE5H). The analysis of the results indicated that, generally, the variables such as traction power, required strength by the draw bar, slip the run and fuel consumption increased due to the addition of the number of shanks on soil tillage. The conventional tillage was higher in fuel consumption, showing 207.5 and 151.7% higher consumption in relation to the PDE1H and PDE5H treatments, respectively. The area of mobilized soil by conventional preparation was 349.6% higher than the PDE1H treatment. The conventional preparation can be replaced by minimum tillage with scarification, or even by the no-tillage, for the soil tillage to the watermelon crop, indicating a good yield, with lower fuel usage, less soil revolving and more soil conservation, being a path to sustainability of this crop cultivation.
No Rio Grande do Sul, a melancia é cultivada em uma grande área de solos arenosos, onde o preparo convencional do solo é o mais utilizado, favorecendo a erosão hídrica. Isto leva as áreas sob cultivo desta hortaliça a processos erosivos intensos, onde em alguns casos ao final do cultivo, as áreas tornam-se impróprias para cultivos posteriores. Com o objetivo de avaliar o comportamento da cultura da melancia sob o ponto de vista de produção em diferentes sistemas de preparo do solo, em solo arenoso, analisando os fatores operacionais do conjunto trator-implemento por meio de um sistema eletrônico de medições, foi conduzido em condições de campo, um experimento na Fazenda São Roque, município de Dilermando de Aguiar, na região da Depressão Central do Rio Grande do Sul. O solo é um Argissolo Vermelho distrófico arênico, com parcelas de 6x8 m. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi blocos ao acaso, com quatro repetições e sete tratamentos, em esquema fatorial 7x4. Os dados obtidos foram tabulados e submetidos à análise de variância e ao teste de Tukey com probabilidade de 5% de erro. Os tratamentos aplicados foram: Preparo convencional do solo (PC), com uma aração e duas gradagens, Plantio direto (PD), Plantio direto escarificado com uma haste de escarificação (PDE1H), Plantio direto escarificado com duas hastes de escarificação (PDE2H), Plantio direto escarificado com três hastes de escarificação (PDE3H), Plantio direto escarificado com quatro hastes de escarificação (PDE4H) e Plantio direto escarificado com cinco hastes de escarificação (PDE5H). As análises dos resultados indicaram que, de modo geral, as variáveis força de tração, potência exigida na barra de tração, patinamento dos rodados e o consumo de combustível aumentaram em virtude da adição do número de hastes de escarificação na operação de preparo do solo. O preparo convencional do solo foi superior em exigência de consumo de combustível, apresentando 207,5 e 151,7% a mais de consumo em relação aos tratamentos PDE1H e PDE5H, respectivamente. A área mobilizada de solo pelo sistema de preparo convencional foi 349,6% a mais em relação ao tratamento PDE1H. O preparo convencional do solo pode ser substituído pelo cultivo mínimo com escarificação, ou até mesmo pelo plantio direto, para o preparo do solo da cultura da melancia, indicando uma boa produtividade, com menor gasto de combustível, menor revolvimento e maior conservação do solo, sendo um caminho para sustentabilidade do cultivo dessa cultura.

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32

Novák, Jan. "Kanalizace a ČOV Křelov,Břuchotín-stavebně technologický projekt." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-227063.

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The subject of my work is to lower construction site waste water treatment plant Křelov - Břuchotín. In more detail, I focused mainly on the implementation of the circular tanks sewage treatment plant. These tanks prescription processing technology formwork and concreting circular tanks. It also contains a technical report, technical report building equipment, a study of the main technological stages of the building, site, design of mechanical assembly, inspection and test plan solved the technological regulation and scheduling.

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33

Petruška, Tomáš. "Sportovní areál - stavebně technologická příprava." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-225516.

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The diploma thesis solves the construction technology project of sports complex. The aim of the thesis is rational proposal of construction and resources. The thesis contains plant building site, technological instruction, budget, time schedule, control and trial plan, design and assessment of lifting mechanism and machinery used over construction, contract for work and safety report. Part of the thesis is specialization in sports surfaces.

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34

Chen, Chin-Wei, and 陳欽煒. "On the study of disputes incontractors’ plant and machinery insurance claim cases." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/fnckkx.

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碩士
銘傳大學
風險管理與保險學系碩士在職專班
95
Most of disputes in contractors '' plant and machinery insurance claims arise from the wordings of contractors '' plant and machinery insurance policy.In addition, time for settling claim is also an important factor of disputes.This study examines a number of variable factors for disputes in contractors'' plant and machinery insurance claims. By use of the methods of literature analysis and a deep interview, some results are revealed as follows: Firstly, Conclusion on the Exclusions: We recommend that the contents of Provision No. 1 under Condition 6 of Section 2 should be revised to read as: loss or damage due to electrical or mechanical breakdown, failure, breakage or derangement, freezing of coolant or other fluid, defective lubrication or lack of oil or coolant, but if as a consequence of such breakdown or derangement an acci¬dent occurs causing external damage, such consequential damage shall be indemnified. Seeondly, Conclusion on the disputed Special Clauses: It must to discriminate the Special Clauses in characteristic attaching to the existing Contractors” Plant and Machinery Insurance Policy. In addition, in order to avoid the confusion in interpret the Special Clause versus Insurance Law. Hence, we suggest that these Special Clauses should be considered as Additional Clauses altering the policy conditions likewise to the Contractors All Risks and Erection All Risks Insurance. Thirdly, Conclusion on dispute of Sum Insured and Basis of Loss Settlement: We suggest that the Insurer should consider to design the appropriate insurance agreements or warranties for different type of plant & machinery at the time of insurance and reasonable premium in accordance with the terms and conditions insured and the agreed Sum Insured of the plant & machinery and Basis of Loss Settlement. The contents of this agreement is stated as: “It is further agreed and understood that the basis of the Sum Insured for the interest or interests insured under this policy is on Actual Cash Value. In the event if any loss or damage occurs, the Insurer will indemnify the Insured in respect of such loss or damage by payment in cash to restore the damaged item to its former state of serviceability at the time of loss. Actual Cash Value means Replacement Cost less depreciation. Finally, To accelerate the time period for dispute claims settlement: At the time of any claim occurs, the Insured should provide claims services immediately and fully assist the Insured to submit the claim application and assign appropriate Loss Adjuster to settle the claims in terms of fair, justice, objective and reasonable and accomplish the claim settlement promptly to build up the good image of the Insurers.

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35

Di, Youquan. "The valuation of project BYD electric vehicles plant in Wuhan city, China." Master's thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/23212.

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Since the global climate has changed increasingly and oil crisis concern became the primary importance, the automobile industry has to seek for alternative fuels, which is the high priority for governments and vehicle manufacturers all over the world. In this circumstance, BYD decided to build an electric vehicle plant in Wuhan 2010. However, this project was not carried out. Recently, the cost of battery decreases and the market demand increases, therefore, this article valued this project by building a valuation modeling and a sensitivity analysis based on today’s horizon, which demonstrated the possibility of being profitable under today’s situation.

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36

Chuang, Hsin-chang, and 莊欣昌. "The study of the Heavy Machinery used to enhance the hut plant disaster." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/90243865038778592436.

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碩士
東南科技大學
營建科技與防災研究所在職專班
103
With the economic growth in recent years, industry and commerce developed rapidly in New Taipei City, illegally built factorysunder superivisionare up to eight thousand, and each year around 40-50fire diasters are caused by those factorys.Those illegally built factorysare made of iron skin. Once fire occurs, it will spread rapidly and it’s very difficultto rescue. Under high temperature, heat causes structural collapse, endangering the safety of rescue units.In the year 102, the fire disaster took place in a factoryin Taishan, causing firefighter’s death in the rescue process. Factory collapsed in that fire in result of flashover. In this paper, taking New Taipei City for example,research is base on firefighters and officers whose district where illegally built factorys in. Sending out two kinds of questionnaire,evaluate all kind of data in the simulate situation includingarrival time. Base on the location of eight search and rescue units in New Taipei City,simulations take place. Study and analyzethe inaccuracy in thosesituations. If those factorys cause disastersagain, effective and accuratejudgments can be made in advance base on my research, avoidingfirefighters losses indisasters, minimizing the damage.

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37

Yang, Te-Hwa, and 楊德華. "The Strategies and Valuation of Mergers and Acquisitions: A Case Study of the Machinery Sector in Taiwan." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/as7425.

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碩士
國立中興大學
高階經理人碩士在職專班
101
This study analyzes the strategies and values of the case of Taiwanese Goodway Machinery Corp. acquiring Awea Machantronic Corp. in 2002. I find that acquisition of Awea by Goodway was able to augment their post-merger market, upgrade their techiniques, lower their purchasing cost, and help the internationalization of the firm. In other words, the acquisition can generate significant synergies. In addition, I use comparative market and discounted cash flows approaches to value Awea, and find that the company was worth of acquisition. However, there was still space to improve for their post-merger integration. I also discuss some directions and methods of corporate control for the Goodway group’s long-run development.

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38

Mayrl, Stefan. "Equity research report: valuation of beyond meat." Master's thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/105982.

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This equity report aims at analyzing the recently listed company Beyond Meat, and the latest development in the plant-based meat alternatives landscape. By thoroughly analyzing the company and its industry, we conceived a valuation model that encompasses all the drivers which will underpin the growth of the company and the industry. Throughout the report, we present drivers as well as the methodology used to arrive at our underlying model assumptions. Having analyzed the current and the potential future environment for Beyond Meat, our results suggest that the company is trading at a discount and recommend investors to buy the stock.

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39

Bekker, Johan. "Integration of large non-linear plant into power systems." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10210/5921.

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40

Richardson, Lynn. "Understanding the plant ESCRT machinery and its role in tombusvirus-induced mitochondrial multivesicular body biogenesis." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10214/3991.

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Carnation Italian ringspot virus (CIRV) is a positive-strand RNA virus that assembles its membrane-bound replication complexes at mitochondria in plant cells. This process is accompanied by extensive inward invagination of the mitochondrial outer membrane, leading to the formation of cytosol-filled spherules, wherein viral RNA synthesis occurs. The mechanism by which CIRV is able to induce spherule formation is unknown, however growing evidence suggests that the host-cell ESCRT (Endosomal Sorting Complex Required for Transport) machinery – a multi-protein complex normally involved in late endosome maturation – may be involved. ESCRT consists of ~30 soluble proteins that form sub-complexes assembled at the late endosomal surface, and function in multivesicular body (MVB) biogenesis. While ESCRT is relatively well characterized in yeasts and mammals, comparably little is known about ESCRT in plants. Hence, as an initial step towards understanding the potential role of ESCRT in CIRV replication, we examined the protein-protein interaction network, subcellular localization, and gene expression profiles of the Arabidopsis thaliana ESCRT components. Overall, the results from these studies suggest that ESCRT organization and function is relatively well conserved in plants compared to other eukaryotes. We also observed that ESCRT is important for CIRV replication, as expression of dominant-negative versions of several key ESCRT components reduced CIRV replication efficiency in plant cells. Moreover, the Arabidopsis ESCRT-I component, Vps23A is recruited from late endosomes to mitochondria in plant cells expressing the CIRV replicase protein, p36, and recruitment of Vps23A was shown to be mediated by sequences located at the N terminus of p36. It was also shown that recruitment of Vp23A to mitochondria by p36 does not require the Ubiquitin E2 Variant domain of Vps23A, which is in contrast to recruitment of ESCRT by retroviruses during viral budding in mammalian cells. Taken together, these results support the hypothesis that CIRV recruits ESCRT by a novel mechanism in order to carry out its replication, a finding that may lend important insight to aspects of normal ESCRT function in plants.

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41

Pietz, Matthäus [Verfasser]. "Simulation-based valuation of project finance investments : crucial aspects of power plant projects / Matthäus Pietz." 2010. http://d-nb.info/1010737996/34.

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42

Chung, Hsin-Nan, and 鍾欣男. "Physicochemical Characterization of Welding Fume and Its Operating Parameter Investigation – A Case Study of Machinery Plant." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/x7waj5.

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碩士
國立中山大學
環境工程研究所
104
Welding fume formation depends on numerous operating factors such as welding currents and voltages, welding types, and the composition of applied welding rods, and the temperatures of welding pool during the metal welding process. The particles of welding fume are in the nano size range (0.1-0.2 μm), which could cause severe health effects on the welders. This study aims to investigate the correlation between welding fume formation and the operating factors to figure out the optimal welding condition to reduce the emission of welding fumes. A mechanical manufacturing factory was selected for this particular study. Particulate matters were sampled for five working groups including supervising, resembling, welding, grinding and polishing, and painting staffs in the working environments. After sampling with personal exposure, the filters were analyzed for size distribution, concentration, and metallic elements in this study and to assess the emission concentrations and physicochemical characteristic of metal fumes with different welding process. This study revealed that PM2.5, PM10, and the number concentrations are highly influenced by the welding current and welding rods. The concentrations of fumes have huge difference with the same parameters of welding operating. Among three types of welding rods, the CNS4010 welding rod was the most harmful type of welding rod for welders, which emitted much more nanoparticles and metal welding fumes than others. The concentration of welding fumes descended with distance from the welding operating site regularly. Compared to the concentrations of welding fumes or nanoparticle emission rates, CNS7016 is one kind of top-notch welding rod when compared with CNS4010 or CNS4011. Results obtained from personal exposure to concentrations and exposure dose of PM showed that painting staffs (section E) exposure the highest cancer risk to hexavalent chromium (Cr6+), Cd, and Cu simultaneously. Moreover, welding staffs (section C3) bore the hazardous of Cd and Cu, while welding staffs (section C1 and C3) suffered from the risk of Pb. Enforcement of wearing maskers and/or shelters is highly recommended to prevent manufacturing workers from the exposure of hazardous materials at working places.

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43

Hung, Ta-Min, and 洪達民. "Application and model formulation for the assembly scheduling with multi-constrained resources of tooling machinery plant." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/59530337628495879587.

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碩士
明新科技大學
工程管理研究所
96
Competition in the intense environment nowadays, whether a national mechanical industry developed or not is often decided by the upstream machinery assembly as so-called tooling machine industry in this thesis. The machinery assembly quality, stability of the assembly, and the punctual delivery all are the important succeed factors in this industry. Due to lack of a robust scheduling system in tooling machine industry, there exists shortage of key materials, inconsistency on job assignment, unexpected subcontract delivery, and unsatisfactory adjustment of constrained resources in the shop flow control. Moreover, simultaneously processing multiple tasks and efficiently dispatching the limited resources are also the critical consideration in tooling machine assembly. Herein, a Multi-Constrained Resources of Scheduling System（MCRSS） to deal with the assembly scheduling problem of tooling machine industry is proposed in this thesis. There are six modules including Preliminary materials planning, Capacity allocation, Manpower assignment, Order reviewing, Post materials planning, and Material shortage processing subsystems in MCRSS. The important constraints such as order due date, manpower technique, limited air crane, space of operation station, and lead time of supplies, are all simultaneously took into consideration in MCRSS, while optimizing the on time delivery and load balance of manpower. An experiment design is developed to evaluate the proposed MCRSS with the comparison of six traditional hybrid dispatching rules in various scenarios of operation environment. Computational results show that the MCSRR outperforms to those dispatching rules.

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Lin, Kao-Hung, and 林高弘. "Energy Efficiency Improvement in Process Cooling Water(PCW) System-an Example from an S Machinery Plant." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/44ynvg.

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碩士
元智大學
工業工程與管理學系
106
This paper is mainly to study the influence on energy saving and greenhouse gas emissions by applying a process cooling water (PCW). We can show that the process cooling water (PCW) is more efficient in energy saving and greenhouse gas emissions reducing than a traditional refrigeration compressor. From the experimental data, we conclude that the process cooling water (PCW) system is more environmentally friendly than the traditional refrigeration compressor in electricity consumption and the greenhouse gas emissions. Also, numerical results show annual electricity saved up to 65.2%, about 38,312.19 kW-hr, and the greenhouse gas emission reduced by 59.98%, about 18,603.186 kg‐CO2e. Keywords: process cooling water (PCW), green economy, green production.

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Hung, Wen-Tse, and 洪文澤. "Application of Total Quality Management (TQM) in Crankshaft Manufacturing Quality ImprovementStudy- A Case of A Machinery Plant." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/5dk45z.

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碩士
修平科技大學
精實生產管理研究所
101
In the traditional metal processing industries crankshaft manufacturing companies, Enterprise have to face the competition from domestic and foreign markets, so transfor-mation and upgrading of industrial urgently need .The most important is the application of Lean Production Management and Total Quality Management (TQM) as its core material particular the use of Lean Production .Implemeting Total Quality Management (TQM) in the company to improve the application of one of the ways to reduce costs, improve efficiency and quality, enhance the company's competitiveness, in addition to importing country sys-tems ISO 9000 quality assurance system, but in 2000 raised ISO 9000 and the integration of TQM and applied on a case by case analysis of the company, emphasizing practical applica-tion focus. This research paper take A machinery plant as an example, the application of TQM tools and techniques, and import the ISO 9000 as a case study, an exception from the quality improvement approach to handling customer complaints and surveys on customer satisfaction as a description, etc., and then get a comprehensive quality Management and ISO 9000 convergence, develop appropriate ways of improvement, identify successfully implemented. TO make the case company in a difficult environment, it can be sustainable, innovate and valuable to society.

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Huang, Yi-Shi, and 黃義士. "A Study of the Maintenance of the Pumped-Storage Generating Machinery at Taiwan Power Company’s Pumped-Storage Plant." Thesis, 2002. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/30365841456027342722.

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碩士
國立雲林科技大學
工業工程與管理研究所碩士班
90
The electric generator is Taiwan Power Company’s production device. Any inefficiency or inadequacy in maintaining the machinery will not only cause power failures, affecting business profits and national economic growth but also harm electricity users. It will result in an increase in costs related to halted factory operations and will have a severe impact on the general public. The Takuan Pumped-Storage Plant contributes to the overall power generating system. It is the first pumped-storage generator in the Republic of China. The Takuan plant started operations in 1985. It can generate power in the daytime as well as run in a pumped-storage mode during the nighttime. The plant utilizes off-peak electricity such as the inexpensive nighttime surplus electricity generated in nuclear power plants to pump and store water. The pumped and stored water can be used in generating additional power to meet the high demand in the daytime. This will decrease the use of high-priced fuels such as diesel oil and natural gas. The machinery of the Takuan plant is much more complex than conventional hydropower machinery. It contributes a lot to the power-generating system, using AFC and AGC for running purpose and hence it has to run very frequently. Moreover, the dirty water in the lower reservoir is causing many mechanical problems. To resolve these problems, research efforts should focus on the maintenance of the machinery. At the outset of operations in 1985, the maintenance of the pumped-storage generator relied on the manufacturer’s and Taiwan Power Company’s hydropower maintenance manual. Maintenance procedures took into consideration the company’s policy and the deteriorating machinery, making modifications or adjustments through careful studies and achieving the ideal of preventive maintenance. Furthermore, an SOP process has been applied to good maintenance procedures. Through Quality Control and improvement proposals, Taiwan Power Company’s machinery has not seen any significant mechanic failures since 1991. The average mechanic failure rate is only 1.93%, much lower than the 9.82% rate of the pumped storage generator supplied by NERC and is very reliable. The rotation usability is as high as 90%. The maintenance procedures of the Takuan plant’s machinery strictly follow the KYT, ISO-9002 and ISO-14001 systems and make sure that no disasters and public hazards are induced while enhancing operating quality. Taiwan Power Company has been conferred an honorable award for the eighth consecutive term for causing zero disaster and zero public hazards. It has not resulted in any disaster and public hazards since 1978. This thesis aims at sorting out the maintenance procedures undertaken at the Takuan plant, collecting operational achievements to support the measures taken in machinery maintenance, and through questionnaires, deciding which maintenance procedures contribute to the most achievements. Research outcome shows that the top seven maintenance procedures, by significance, are manuals, each question of which accounts for 7.32445 points, executive maintenance procedures, 7.855055 points, standardized maintenance procedures, 6.80649 points, modified maintenance procedures and improved equipment, 6.73093 points, achievement assessment and examination, 6.50784 points, company policy, 5.9335 points, and continuing innovations in maintenance procedures, 5.681733 points. Under each category, this thesis finds the top 5 important factors. The result of this thesis will have its practical reference value to the equipment maintenance procedures within Taiwan Power Company.

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Lien, Cheng Ching, and 鄭景聯. "A Study of Business Efficiency of the electrical machinery and plant industry in Taiwan -application of Data envelopment analysis." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/25647988489032054920.

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碩士
國立高雄應用科技大學
工業工程與管理系碩士班
96
The research takes twenty-eight electronic equipment companies that enter the market on 2007 for research data. The input variables include: employees, capital assets, expenses of research and development, business cost; the operating income is the output income. By taking the DEA for application to calculate the production efficiency, technique efficiency, scale efficiency, scale rewards and difference efficiency, the research measures specifically individual industrial efficiency, and to propose the objective recommendation. In addition to analysis the business effects of the enterprise by way of the actual case, the research use the software’s computing function of the DEAP and it tries to adjust the output items weights. The research tries to understand the effects of the case whole efficiency, and the individual input item in the different weight. The research would like to prove that the analysis results of the DEA, whether its differences throughout setting the different weight would cause the different result or not.

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Wiszniewski, Sven. "The impact of the blockchain-technology on future business models: developing future scenarios for machinery and plant engineering industry." Master's thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/53046.

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Zaborowski, Jeremy Ronald. "Valuation of an advanced combined cycle power plant and its cost of new entry (CONE) into the ERCOT market." Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/26019.

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The Texas ERCOT market is one of the most open, deregulated electricity markets in the world. This open market brought electricity costs down for Texas residents and businesses, creating a much more competitive economic climate. However, these low prices currently generate insufficient revenue for generators to finance construction of new or replacement generation assets. In the instance of combined cycle advanced natural gas, the Independent Market Monitor 2012 annual report estimated that a plant needed to generate 2.5 times as much as revenue it did in 2012 to incent new generation. This author argues that while the gap is still significant, the continuous changes to the ERCOT market since its inception make an historical examination like that used by the IMM less accurate. New market rules such as price caps or changes in fuel markets through new technologies like hydraulic fracturing create a very different valuation gap than a model based on historical activity alone. This analysis attempts to get a more accurate approximation of the gap through the use of publicly traded futures contracts for natural gas and electricity. Electricity futures reflect market expectations of revenue based on current and future market rules. Gas futures reflect price expectations in light of market changes like fracturing, potential LNG exports, and other changes. Financial positions can be maintained in both markets to give a fixed rate of return. Using this method, one can create a very conservative valuation model that still more accurately reflects market sentiment. This thesis starts with a brief history of ERCOT deregulation from the early 2000s to present in order to clarify for the reader the changes that have taken place in the market. It then demonstrates the futures-valuation model using an advanced combined cycle power plant as an example.
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Chang, Yu-Jing, and 張育菁. "Risk Assessment and Analysis For Musculoskeletal System Injury Of Machinery Maintenance Personnel-An Aircraft Repair Plant As The Research Object." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/jgvd97.

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碩士
中華醫事科技大學
職業安全衛生系暨碩士班
107
Internationalization and trade contacts of the world are convenient and faster, the air transport enterprise playing an important role, create the economic benefits of various countries. However the flight safety is the essential factor to the economics life line. Flight safety refers to all the actions taken every security of maintaining aircrafts, passengers, goods, ground crews. Aircraft maintenance cant be separated from human factor, so it has been the most important parts of aircraft maintenance, and health of maintenance personnel has been repeatedly advocacy in the “DIRTY DOZEN”, maintenance personnel physically and mentally healthy is the safe guarantee of aircraft maintenance, Don’t endanger flight safety by human errors the industry of aircraft maintenance as one of traditional industries, all the procedures consume great labor cost, it can’t be automation but downsizing. There are two main aspects of this research “pushback” and “Procedures for moving ladder ”, the purpose is to research maintenance personnel repeat the movement and procedures lead to great discomfort by muscle and skeleton. Therefore this research is focused on the aircraft push-pull operation and the mobile scaffolding workers. The purpose is to discuss the musculoskeletal (MS) discomfort caused by force and repetitive movements during long periods of time related to aircraft maintenance (AM). Conforming to the relevant surveys and findings, the future of the industry is in the implementation of the Article 6 of the Occupational Safety and Health Law, in order to overcome repetitive operation, and so on, to promote MS disease prevention, reduce labor discomfort, and prevent occupational diseases, and reach a win-win situation. In this study taiwanese AM workers serve as subjects, and is divided in two phases:The first is a survey developed based on The Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire (NMQ), to understand MS problems and analyze hazard-health relationship for each department.In the second phase, Use of human engineering evaluation tools, the Key Indicator Method (KIM) is applied for inspection in field operations and pull-force measurement, and calculate the risks. The findings of this study show that, both groups develop high intensity pain in the shoulder, neck and lower-back caused by repetitive effort. Therefore, it is recommended to the first group, install mechanical benches in four points. By using mechanical devices to lift, pull and turn the structure to make easier the operation. For the second group, it is recommended to integrate the manual work of pulling the scaffold with a machine, thereby reducing the MS discomfort caused by the manual work. Furthermore, facilitate physical activity programmes at the workplace for muscle stretching to contribute with the good health condition of the employees. Look forward to improvements in the discomfort of the workers in the workplace and establish a complete adaptive work system to protect labourer and the aircraft flight safety. Key words：Aircraft repair、Human Factors Engineering、 Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire (NMQ)、 Key Indicator Method (KIM)

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