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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Plant growth regulators; Plant hormones

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Academic literature on the topic 'Plant growth regulators; Plant hormones'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Plant growth regulators; Plant hormones"

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Végvári, György, and Edina Vidéki. "Plant hormones, plant growth regulators." Orvosi Hetilap 155, no. 26 (June 2014): 1011–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/oh.2014.29939.

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Plants seem to be rather defenceless, they are unable to do motion, have no nervous system or immune system unlike animals. Besides this, plants do have hormones, though these substances are produced not in glands. In view of their complexity they lagged behind animals, however, plant organisms show large scale integration in their structure and function. In higher plants, such as in animals, the intercellular communication is fulfilled through chemical messengers. These specific compounds in plants are called phytohormones, or in a wide sense, bioregulators. Even a small quantity of these endogenous organic compounds are able to regulate the operation, growth and development of higher plants, and keep the connection between cells, tissues and synergy beween organs. Since they do not have nervous and immume systems, phytohormones play essential role in plants’ life. Orv. Hetil., 2014, 155(26), 1011–1018.

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Gaspar, Thomas, Claire Kevers, Claude Penel, Hubert Greppin, David M. Reid, and Trevor A. Thorpe. "Plant hormones and plant growth regulators in plant tissue culture." In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology - Plant 32, no. 4 (October 1996): 272–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02822700.

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Santner, Aaron, Luz Irina A. Calderon-Villalobos, and Mark Estelle. "Plant hormones are versatile chemical regulators of plant growth." Nature Chemical Biology 5, no. 5 (April 17, 2009): 301–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nchembio.165.

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Rasaei, Ali, Saeid Jalali Honarmand, Mohsen Saeidi, Mohammad-Eghbal Ghobadi, and Shahrokh Khanizadeh. "Effects of Selected Plant Growth Regulators on Bread Wheat Spike Development." Sustainable Agriculture Research 6, no. 2 (March 31, 2017): 115. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/sar.v6n2p115.

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Although the grain yield of wheat is finally determined after anthesis, the yield potential is largely dependent on early growth and development. At the specific stage from double ridge to terminal spikelet, spikelet initiation occurs and can affect the number of grains per spike and the grain yield. A factorial experiment using a randomized complete blocks design with six replicates was used to study the effect of three growth regulators (3‑indoleacetic acid [IAA], gibberellic acid [GA3], and 6‑benzylaminopurine [6‑BAP]) on two bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars (Rijaw and Azar‑2), at the Campus of Agriculture and Natural Resources of Razi University, in Kermanshah, Iran, during the 2013–2014 and 2014–2015 cropping seasons. The effect of the hormones was not significant for spikelet initiation number or spikelet initiation rate based on days and growing degree days (GDDs), but apical meristem length and rate of elongation of the apical meristem were affected by exogenous application of hormones in both years. The Rijaw genotype was better than Azar‑2 with respect to apical meristem traits. As well, biplot diagrams showed that the treatment combination 6‑BAP × Rijaw was the best in terms of shoot apex length and rate of shoot apex elongation and that the treatment combination GA3×Rijaw was the best in terms of spikelet number and rate of spikelet initiation. It is concluded that each hormone can improve specific apical meristem characteristics and that the rate of each hormone’s effect depends on the plant’s genetic feature and on the environmental conditions.

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Jiménez, Víctor M. "Involvement of Plant Hormones and Plant Growth Regulators on in vitro Somatic Embryogenesis." Plant Growth Regulation 47, no. 2-3 (November 2005): 91–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10725-005-3478-x.

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Urbanová, Terezie, Danuše Tarkowská, Miroslav Strnad, and Peter Hedden. "Gibberellins – terpenoid plant hormones: Biological importance and chemical analysis." Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications 76, no. 12 (2011): 1669–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1135/cccc2011098.

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Gibberellins (GAs) are a large group of diterpenoid carboxylic acids, some members of which function as plant hormones controlling diverse aspects of growth and development. Biochemical, genetic, and genomic approaches have led to the identification of the majority of the genes that encode GA biosynthesis and deactivation enzymes. Recent studies have shown that both GA biosynthesis and deactivation pathways are tightly regulated by developmental, hormonal, and environmental signals, consistent with the role of GAs as key growth regulators. In this review, we summarize our current understanding of the GA biosynthesis and deactivation pathways in plants and fungi, and discuss methods for their qualitative and quantitative analysis. The challenges for their extraction and purification from plant tissues, which form complex matrices containing thousands of interfering substances, are discussed.

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Belous, Oksana, and Julia Abilphazova. "Effect of plant growth regulators on biochemical compounds of tangerine (Citrus unshiu Marc.)." Potravinarstvo Slovak Journal of Food Sciences 13, no. 1 (June 28, 2019): 443–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.5219/1126.

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We investigated the effect on tangerine of new generation plant growth regulators. The use of drugs in the period of fruit ripening has led to increased 2.0 – 3.7 times abscisic acid (AA) and 1.9 – 4.7% of Indole-acetic acid (IAA) acid in the leaves. Studies have shown that Indole-acetic acid and abscisic acid beginning of a sharp accumulation of their hormones coincides with action of stress factors and growth dormancy period. The use of the regulators had an impact not only on their content in leaves but also on fruit quality. For example, treatment Indole-acetic acid and Obstaktin led to an increase in the fruit of vitamin C. After treatments with plant growth regulators has been a significant decline in the total number of organic acids (up to 2.35% at the option of Melaphen and to 2.50% at Obstaktin, LSD (p ≤0.05) = 0.06). By reducing the content in the fruits of organic acids to all variants increased the sugar-acid index. After each spraying tangerine on the treatment options plant growth regulators has been a significant increase the dry matter. Thus, the positive effect of plant growth regulators on all the quality characteristics of tangerine was shown. In the summer period, the treatment by regulators may have a protective effect, increases the content in plants the content of Indole-acetic acid. The plant growth regulators of new generation have a positive effect on quality of dwarf tangerine. Given that the plants of tangerine in the subtropical zone of Russia each summer have to drought and are losing not only in yield, fruit quality too, new regulators may exert a protective effect, because increases the content in plants is Indole-acetic acid, which activates gene expression of drought resistance.

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Sakr, Soulaiman, Ming Wang, Fabienne Dédaldéchamp, Maria-Dolores Perez-Garcia, Laurent Ogé, Latifa Hamama, and Rossitza Atanassova. "The Sugar-Signaling Hub: Overview of Regulators and Interaction with the Hormonal and Metabolic Network." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 19, no. 9 (August 24, 2018): 2506. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms19092506.

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Plant growth and development has to be continuously adjusted to the available resources. Their optimization requires the integration of signals conveying the plant metabolic status, its hormonal balance, and its developmental stage. Many investigations have recently been conducted to provide insights into sugar signaling and its interplay with hormones and nitrogen in the fine-tuning of plant growth, development, and survival. The present review emphasizes the diversity of sugar signaling integrators, the main molecular and biochemical mechanisms related to the sugar-signaling dependent regulations, and to the regulatory hubs acting in the interplay of the sugar-hormone and sugar-nitrogen networks. It also contributes to compiling evidence likely to fill a few knowledge gaps, and raises new questions for the future.

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Kasote, Deepak M., Ritesh Ghosh, Jun Young Chung, Jonggeun Kim, Inhwan Bae, and Hanhong Bae. "Multiple Reaction Monitoring Mode Based Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Method for Simultaneous Quantification of Brassinolide and Other Plant Hormones Involved in Abiotic Stresses." International Journal of Analytical Chemistry 2016 (2016): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/7214087.

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Plant hormones are the key regulators of adaptive stress response. Abiotic stresses such as drought and salt are known to affect the growth and productivity of plants. It is well known that the levels of plant hormones such as zeatin (ZA), abscisic acid (ABA), salicylic acid (SA), jasmonic acid (JA), and brassinolide (BR) fluctuate upon abiotic stress exposure. At present, there is not any single suitable liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) method for simultaneous analysis of BR and other plant hormones involved in abiotic stresses. In the present study, we developed a simple, sensitive, and rapid method for simultaneous analysis of five major plant hormones, ZA, ABA, JA, SA, and BR, which are directly or indirectly involved in drought and salt stresses. The optimized extraction procedure was simple and easy to use for simultaneous measurement of these plant hormones inArabidopsis thaliana. The developed method is highly reproducible and can be adapted for simultaneous measurement of changes in plant hormones (ZA, ABA, JA, SA, and BR) in response to abiotic stresses in plants likeA. thalianaand tomato.

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RAJALA, A. "Plant growth regulators to manipulate oat stands." Agricultural and Food Science 13, no. 1-2 (December 4, 2008): 186. http://dx.doi.org/10.2137/1239099041838058.

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Plant growth regulators (PGRs) are exogenously applied chemicals that alter plant metabolism, cell division, cell enlargement, growth and development by regulating plant hormones or other biological signals. For example, some PGRs regulate stem elongation by inhibiting biosynthesis of gibberellins or through releasing ethylene. PGR effects are widely studied and reported on barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) and wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), whereas there are only a few reports addressing oat (Avena sativa L.). This is likely to be a result of smaller acreage and lower intensity of oat management and production and hence a reduced need for stem shortening by PGRs. However, this is not the case for all cereal producing regions and there exists a need to understand the potential application of PGRs to oat production. This paper represents a review of the potential of PGRs to regulate stem elongation and other biological traits governing plant stand structure and yield components, with special emphasis on oat and its responses to PGRs. Yield improvement requires more heads per unit land area, more grains per head or heavier grains. Of these yield-determining parameters, the number of head bearing tillers and grain numbers per head, compared with grain weight, are more likely to be improved by PGR application. In the absence of lodging, PGR may reduce grain yield due to potential reduction in mean grain weight and/or grain number. Cultivation systems aiming at extensive yields with intensive use of inputs likely benefit from PGR applications more often compared with low or moderate input cultivation, for which cost effectiveness of PGRs is not frequently reached.;

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Plant growth regulators; Plant hormones"

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McCoy, Mark Christopher. "The effects of phytohormones on growth and artemisinin production in hairy root cultures of artemisia annua l." Link to electronic thesis, 2003. http://www.wpi.edu/Pubs/ETD/Available/etd-0529103-162012/.

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Feys, Bart Julienne Frans. "Towards positional cloning of COI1, an arabidopsis gene controlling the response to coronatine and methyl jasmonate." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.317974.

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Zhang, Xunzhong. "Influence of Plant Growth Regulators on Turfgrass Growth, Antioxidant Status, and Drought Tolerance." Diss., Virginia Tech, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/30739.

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A series of studies were conducted to examine the antioxidant status, drought and disease tolerance, and growth response to foliar application of soluble seaweed (Ascophyllum nodosum) extracts (SE) and humic acid (HA; 25% active HA or 2.9% active HA) in tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb), Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.) and creeping bentgrass (Agrostis palusttis Huds.) grown under low (-0.5 MPa) and high (-0.03 MPa) soil moisture environments. Foliar application of humic acid (2.9 % active HA) at 23.7 and 47.4 l/ha improved leaf water status, shoot and root development in tall fescue, Kentucky bluegrass and creeping bentgrass grown under drought. Humic acid (2.9% active HA) at 15.5 l/ha or SE at 326 g/ha significantly reduced dollarspot incidence and improved turf quality in creeping bentgrass. Drought stress induced an increase of antioxidants alpha-tocopherol and ascorbic acid concentrations in the three turfgrass species. In the experiment with Kentucky bluegrass, drought stress increased beta-carotene concentration, but did not significantly influence superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity. Foliar application of humic acid (25% active HA) at 5 l/ha and/or SE at 326 g/ha consistently enhanced alpha-tocopherol and ascorbic acid concentrations, leaf water status, and growth in the three cool-season turfgrass species grown under low and high soil moisture environments. In the experiment with Kentucky bluegrass, application of HA at 5 l/ha plus SE at 326 g/ha also increased beta-carotene content and SOD activity under low and high soil moisture environments. There were close positive correlations between the antioxidant status and shoot or root growth in the three turfgrass species regardless of soil moisture levels. The antioxidant SOD activity, photosynthetic capacity in terms of Fvm690, and chlorophyll content in terms of Fm730/Fm690 exhibited a seasonal fluctuation in endophyte [Neotiphodium coenophialum (Morgan Jones and Gams) Glenn, Bacon, Price and Hanlin] -free and endophyte-infected tall fescue. Application of SE enhanced SOD activity, photosynthetic capacity, and chlorophyll content in tall fescue, especially at 4 weeks after SE treatment. The SOD activity, photosynthetic capacity and chlorophyll content were not significantly influenced by the endophyte infection. A close positive correlation between SOD and photosynthetic capacity during the summer was found in endophyte-free and endophyte-infected tall fescue.
Ph. D.

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Santos, Valdinei Moreira dos. "Agrochemicals on growth and hormonal relations of \'Micro-Tom\' and Arabidopsis roots under water deficit conditions." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11144/tde-06012017-171318/.

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The increasing concerns launched by debates about climate changes added to the uncontrolled growth of world population have opened a market to natural inputs for a more sustainable agriculture. Taking those concerns together, it is very important to think in advance in terms of finding solutions to increase the food production, with improved quality and in a supposed changing environment. Natural substances such as seaweed biostimulants are coming up as inputs for crops yield and abiotic stress tolerance enhancement with increasing use in agriculture. In this scene, it is important to understand effects and mode of action of these substances on plant physiology to permit the development of consistent products and guarantee the delivery of solutions to growers that assist them in solving their needs. Therefore, this research was carried out aiming to understand the role of agrochemicals (classical plant growth regulators and seaweed biostimulants) on root development and hormonal relations of tomato \'Micro-Tom\' and Arabidopsis under water deficit conditions. Ascophyllum nodosum extracts (ANE) ability to stimulate endogenous hormonal responses in conditions of drought and osmotic stress was tested. We carried out experiments with two plant models: one is classically used in plant science studies and the other, a crop-like plant model whose scientific findings can be applied for several crops. We used tomato hormonal mutants and reporter lines grown in conditions of drought stress to study the effects of plant growth regulators and seaweed extracts on root growth and hormonal responses, respectively. Additionally, we tested in vitro the effects of these substances on root growth of Arabidopsis seedlings under osmotic stress conditions. The root development of tomato and Arabidopsis was negatively affected by the presence of water deficit caused by drought and osmotic stress, respectively. Gibberellins biosynthesis inhibitors only affected the root growth of gibberellin-deficient mutant (gib-3). Extracts of the same seaweed presented different effects on root growth of Arabidopsis seedlings and hormonal responsiveness in roots of tomato, possibly due to variability in their compositions. ANE A and B show opposite effects on root growth. ANE A promotes root growth, whereas ANE B shows inhibitory effects. These substances seem to have little influence on auxin responses in roots, however, they alter the balance between abscisic acid and ethylene under drought conditions. The standardization of the composition of seaweed extracts complemented with studies on their physiological and molecular effects in crops is crucial for the establishment of these agricultural inputs as one of the solutions for current and future requirements of food production.
As crescentes preocupações oriundas a partir dos atuais debates sobre mudanças climáticas somadas ao descontrolado crescimento da população mundial têm dado espaço para o uso de insumos agrícolas naturais, objetivando sustentabilidade na agricultura. Diante de tais preocupações, é importante pensar antecipadamente e encontrar maneiras de aumentar a produção e a qualidade de alimentos, em um ambiente de supostas mudanças climáticas. Substâncias naturais, como bioestimulantes à base de alga, estão ganhando relevância como melhoradores da produtividade e tolerância a estresses abióticos com crescentes usos na agricultura. Diante desse cenário, é importante compreender os efeitos e modos de ação dessas substâncias na fisiologia das plantas para permitir o desenvolvimento de produtos consistentes e garantir aos produtores soluções que atendam às suas necessidades. Portanto, este estudo foi realizado com o objetivo de entender o papel de agroquímicos (reguladores vegetais clássicos e biostimulantes à base da alga) sobre o desenvolvimento radicular e relações hormonais do tomateiro \'Micro-Tom\' e Arabidopsis sob condições de estresse hídrico. Foi testada a habilidade de extratos Ascophyllum nodosum (ANE) em estimular respostas hormonais em condições de seca e estresse osmótico. Foram realizados experimentos com duas plantas-modelo: Arabidopsis que é largamente utilizada em estudos científicos de plantas e o tomateiro \'Micro-Tom\', uma planta-modelo mais adequada para estudos aplicados à agricultura sob condições tropicais. Foram utilizados mutantes hormonais e linhas-repórter de tomate cultivadas em condições de seca para o estudo dos efeitos dos reguladores vegetias e extratos de alga no crescimento radicular e respostas hormonais, respectivamente. Além disso, foram testados in vitro os efeitos dessas substâncias no crescimento radicular de plântulas de Arabidopsis em condições de estresse osmótico. O desenvolvimento radicular do tomateiro e Arabidopsis foi negativamente afetado pela ocorrência do déficit hídrico causado por seca e estresse osmótico, respectivamente. Inibidores de giberelinas afetaram apenas o crescimento radicular do mutante com baixo nível endógeno giberelinas (gib-3). Extratos da mesma espécie de alga apresentaram diferentes efeitos no crescimento radicular de plântulas de Arabidopsis e resposta hormonal em raízes de tomateiro. ANE A e B aprensenta efeitos opostos no desenvolvimento de raízes. ANE A promove o crescimento radicular enquanto ANE A inibe. ANEs pouco influenciam as respostas auxínicas, contudo, essas substâncias alteram o balanço entre entre ácido abscísico e etileno sob condições de estresse hídrico por seca. A padronização da composição de extratos de alga somada aos estudos sobre os seus efeitos fisiológicos e moleculares em culturas é crucial para o estabelecimento desses insumos agrícolas como uma das soluções para as necessidades atuais e futuras da produção de alimentos.

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Binder, Bradley Fletcher. "The chemistry and biology of insect growth regulators from plants in the genus Nama (Hydrophyllaceae)." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/184795.

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A strategy for the discovery of new insect growth regulators from arid lands plants was developed. Plant genera with a history of toxicity, medicinal use, or incorporation in native american cultures were selected. Forty-five species from twenty-one families were collected, extracted, and tested for biological activity on the large milkweed bug, Oncopeltus fasciatus. Eight extracts were toxic and the extract of Nama hispidum (Hydrophyllaceae) caused nymphs to undergo precocious metamorphosis to an adult. The active component of N. hispidum was precocene II (6,7-dimethoxy-2,2-dimethyl chromene). Nine Nama species, representing four of the five sections in the genus were gathered from Hawaii, California, Nevada, Arizona, New Mexico, and the Dominican Republic. In addition to the insect anti-hormone, precocene II (PII), present in N. hispidum, N. rothrockii contained at least two different insect juvenile hormone mimics, and N. sandwicense contained insect anti-hormone and insect juvenile hormone mimics. Fifth instar larvae of Heliothis zea were used as model insects to distinguish between post-ingestive intoxication and feeding deterrency during exposure to PII. Larvae fed artificial diet with PII were deterred from eating, and had retarded weight gain, growth, and development. Insects grown on diet with PII consumed less food, could not digest the food, or convert ingested food to body mass. in vivo radiotracer studies with the nutrient, ¹⁴C linoleic acid, show a lower rate of transport and incorporation of radioactivity into fat body tissue. A change in the midgut epithelial cells from PII resulted in reduced transport efficiency and retarded larval growth and development. Scanning electron microscopy of the midgut epithelia indicated that cytotoxic damage is induced by PII. Observed changes in the midgut epithelial cells are consistent with a destructive alkylation of cell structures by PII.

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Mendes, Luciane de Siqueira. "Efeitos de ethephon e giberelina no desenvolvimento inicial e em alguns parâmetros tecnológicos da cana-de-açúcar." Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11144/tde-11022011-090813/.

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A cana-de-açúcar é uma das principais e dos mais antigos cultivos do Brasil, ocupando lugar de destaque na economia do país devido à produção de açúcar e etanol. Atualmente, São Paulo é o principal estado produtor, impulsionando a economia brasileira devido as suas grandes áreas plantadas. O uso de reguladores vegetais vem se tornando uma prática rotineira, objetivando maximizar o potencial produtivo das culturas, promovendo melhorias na qualidade, otimizando os resultados agroindustriais e econômicos. Giberelina é um hormônio conhecido como promotor de crescimento e alongamento das plantas. O ethephon é um maturador vegetal muito utilizado na cultura da cana, promovendo a liberação de etileno quando em contato com o tecido vegetal. O objetivo do trabalho foi estudar a eficácia dos reguladores vegetais giberelina (GA) e ethephon (CEPA) aplicados em diferentes fases do desenvolvimento inicial, na morfologia e aspectos tecnológicos da cana-de-açúcar. Para isso foram efetuados quatro experimentos. As concentrações aplicadas de GA (0; 10; 25; 50 e 75 mg L-1) e CEPA (0; 225; 450; 900 e 1000 mg L-1), foram iguais nos dois primeiros experimentos. O primeiro experimento foi realizado no Horto Experimental do Departamento de Ciências Biológicas da ESALQ/USP, com a pulverização dos toletes, com dez repetições e o segundo foi realizado na Estação Experimental da Syngenta em Holambra com a pulverização de plantas jovens (na soqueira), com quatro repetições, sendo que os parâmetros biométricos foram avaliados quinzenalmente até aos 90 dias após o plantio (DAP). O terceiro experimento foi efetuado em casa de vegetação no Horto Experimental do Departamento de Ciências Biológicas da ESALQ/USP, sendo que para a avaliação dos parâmetros tecnológicos no início do desenvolvimento, pulverizaram-se toletes com GA 50 mg L-1 e CEPA 900 mg L-1 além do controle, utilizando-se de cinco repetições. As amostras foram coletadas e congeladas, para posteriores análises tecnológicas. No quarto experimento, avaliou-se a aplicação dos reguladores vegetais in vitro, onde se aplicou GA (0; 2,5; 5,0; 7,5 e 10 mg L-1) e CEPA (0; 25; 50; 100; 200 mg L-1), com 5 repetições. Os resultados foram submetidos a análise de variância pelo teste F, e comparados pelo teste de Tukey à 5% de probabilidade. No primeiro experimento, a aplicação de GA nos toletes reduziu de forma geral o desenvovimento inicial das plantas, enquanto os tratamentos com CEPA apresentaram resultados promissores ao desenvolvimento inicial, quando os parâmetros avaliados foram os perfilhos. No segundo experimento, a aplicação de GA em soqueira aumentou a altura da planta, sendo que CEPA retardou a altura das plantas e incrementou o número de perfilhos. No terceiro experimento, nas avaliações tecnológicas, GA e CEPA afetaram temporariamente os teores de açúcares totais produzidos nas folhas. No colmo, CEPA e GA afetaram de forma geral os parâmetros tecnológicos, reduzindo as atividades das invertases e os açúcares redutores e totais e No quarto experimento, a aplicação in vitro de GA, reduziu o número de perfilhos, enquanto aplicação de CEPA incrementou o número de perfilhos e reduziu a altura das plantas.
Sugarcane is one of the major and oldest crops in Brazil, taking a prominent place in the economy because of the production of sugar and ethanol. Currently, Sao Paulo is the main producing state, boosting the Brazilian economy due to its large planted areas. The use of plant regulators has become a routine practice, aiming to maximize the yield potential of crops, improving quality, optimizing results for the agroindustry and economy. Gibberellin is a plant hormone known as a regulator of plant growth and elongation. Ethephon is a growth regulator widely used in maturing sugarcane cultivation, allowing the release of ethylene when in contact with the plant tissue. This work aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of plant regulators gibberellin (GA) and ethephon (CEPA), applied at different stages of early development, on the morphology and technological aspects of sugarcane. To that end, four experiments were performed. The concentrations of GA (0; 10; 25; 50 and 75 mg L-1) and CEPA (0; 225; 450; 900 and 1000 mg L-1), were equal in the first two experiments. The first experiment was conducted in the Experimental Garden of the Department of Biological Sciences, ESALQ / USP, by spraying of cuttings, with ten repetitions. The second was conducted at Syngenta\'s experimental station in Holambra, by spraying the young plants (at stumps) with four replicates, and biometric parameters were measured fortnightly until 90 days after planting (DAP). The third experiment was conducted in a greenhouse at the Experimental Garden of the Department of Biological Sciences, ESALQ / USP, and for the evaluation of technological parameters in early development, cuttings were sprayed with GA 50 mg L-1 and CEPA 900 mg L-1 besides the control, using five replicates. Samples were collected and frozen for later technological analysis. In the fourth experiment, the application of plant regulators in vitro was evaluated, where GA (0; 2.5; 5.0; 7.5 and 10 mg L-1) and CEPA (0; 25; 50; 100; 200 mg L-1) were applied with five replicates. The results were submitted to variance analysis by F test and compared by Tukey test at 5% probability. In the first experiment, the application of GA reduced, in general terms, the initial development of plants whereas treatments with CEPA had promising results in early development, regarding the tillering. In the second experiment, the application of GA increased plant height, while the CEPA retarded plant height and increased the number of tillers. In the third experiment in technological assessments, GA and CEPA temporarily affected the contents of total sugars in the leaves. In the stem, GA and CEPA affected, in general, technological parameters, reducing the activities of invertase as well as those of the reducing and total sugars. In the fourth experiment, the application of GA in vitro decreased the number of tillers, while the treatment with CEPA increased the number of tillers and delayed the plant height.

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Monteiro, Giselle Gomes. "Desenvolvimento de micorrizas arbusculares em mutantes hormonais de tomateiro (Lycopersicon esculentum cv Micro-Tom)." Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11138/tde-17032011-104351/.

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Os hormônios vegetais etileno e ABA são possíveis reguladores chave do desenvolvimento das micorrizas arbusculares (MAs). O primeiro objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o desenvolvimento da MA em mutantes superprodutores e insensíveis ao etileno (epinastic e Never ripe, respectivamente) e verificar se enzimas relacionadas ao sistema de defesa vegetal são reguladas diferencialmente pelo etileno durante o desenvolvimento da simbiose A colonização de raízes de epinastic (epi) por G. clarum foi significativamente reduzida quando comparada com Micro-Tom (MT), além disso, a funcionalidade da simbiose, demonstrada pelo acúmulo de transcritos de LePT4, foi fortemente reduzida quando comparada com MT. Por outro lado, o padrão de colonização e funcionalidade da simbiose no mutante Nr não diferiu de MT. Indução no acúmulo de transcritos de genes que codificam quitinases e enzimas relacionadas ao estresse oxidativo foi observada no mutante epi, enquanto o acúmulo de transcritos de uma -1,3-glucanase foi fortemente induzido no mutante Nr. O segundo objetivo foi verificar se a colonização reduzida observada em mutantes deficientes em ABA é dependente da produção do etileno. Para tanto, mutantes que diferem na deficiência de ABA e produzem diferentes quantidades de etileno (notabilis e sitiens) e o mutante epi foram inoculados com G. clarum e tratados com aminoethoxivinilglicina (AVG), um inibidor de etileno. A colonização intrarradicular de G. clarum nos mutantes epi e notabilis (not) foi significativamente reduzida quando comparada com MT, sendo que o mutante sitiens (sit) foi o menos susceptível à colonização em relação aos demais genótipos. A aplicação de AVG a 10 µM restaurou completamente a colonização em epi, mas não nos mutantes deficientes em ABA. O acúmulo de transcritos de LePT4 confirmou os resultados de colonização. Os genes que codificam enzimas chave na biossíntese do etileno, LeACS2 e LeACO4, foram regulados positivamente pela inoculação com G. clarum, e a restauração do desenvolvimento da MA observada em epi que recebeu AVG, provavelmente envolveu ACC oxidase (LeACO4). O acúmulo de transcritos dos genes que codificam ACC oxidase (LeACO1 e LeACO4) foi induzido significativamente em sit, mostrando que a superprodução de etileno observada neste mutante pode envolver a regulação da ACC oxidase. Por fim, indução no acúmulo de transcritos do gene LeNCED foi observada em todos os genótipos micorrizados e em raízes de epi que receberam AVG, demonstrando que LeNCED é regulado positivamente pela inoculação com G. clarum e que o etileno regula a expressão deste gene. Os resultados demonstram que etileno e ABA estão envolvidos na regulação do desenvolvimento de MA e que etileno modula a expressão de genes relacionados ao sistema de defesa vegetal permitindo o estabelecimento de uma simbiose funcional.
The plant hormones ethylene and ABA are probably key developmental regulators of arbuscular mycorrhizae (AM). The first objective of this work was to evaluate the development of MA in overproducing and insensitive mutants to ethylene (epinastic and Never ripe, respectively) and verify if enzymes related to plant defense system are differentially regulated by ethylene during the symbiosis development. The colonization of epinastic (epi) roots by G. clarum was significantly reduced when compared with Micro-Tom (MT), moreover, the functionality of the symbiosis as demonstrated by transcripts accumulation of LePT4, was strongly reduced when compared with MT. Still, the pattern of colonization and functionality of the symbiosis in the Nr mutant did not differ from MT. Induction in the transcripts accumulation of genes encoding chitinase and enzymes related to oxidative stress was observed in epi mutant, whereas transcripts accumulation of -1, 3-glucanase was strongly induced in the Nr mutant. The second objective was to determine whether the reduced colonization observed in mutants deficient in ABA is dependent on ethylene production. For this purpose, mutants that differ in ABA deficiency and produce different amounts of ethylene (notabilis and sitiens) and the epi mutant were inoculated with G. clarum and treated with an ethylene inhibitor called aminoethoxivinilglicin (AVG). The intraradical colonization of G. clarum in epi and notabilis (not) mutants was significantly reduced when compared with MT and sitiens mutant was less susceptible to colonization in comparison with other genotypes. The application of AVG to 10 µM completely restored the colonization in the epi but not in mutants deficient in ABA. The transcripts accumulation of LePT4 confirmed the results of colonization. The genes that encode key enzymes in the biosynthesis of ethylene, LeACS2 and LeACO4, were positively regulated by inoculation with G. clarum and the restoration in the development of MA observed in epi which received AVG probably involved ACC oxidase (LeACO4). Transcripts accumulation of genes that encode ACC oxidase (LeACO1 and LeACO4) were induced significantly in sit showing that overproduction of ethylene in this mutant can involve ACC oxidase. Finally, the induction in the accumulation of gene transcripts LeNCED was observed in all genotypes and mycorrhizal roots of epi which received AVG demonstrating that LeNCED is regulated positively by the inoculation with G. clarum and that ethylene regulates the expression of this gene. Results show that ethylene and ABA are involved in regulating of MA development and ethylene modulates the expression of genes related to the plant defense system allowing the establishment and functionality of the symbiosis.

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Childerhouse, Emma. "The effect of a natural plant extract and synthetic plant growth regulators on growth, quality and endogenous hormones of Actinidia chinensis and Actinidia deliciosa fruit : a thesis presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Horticultural Science at Massey University, New Zealand." Massey University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10179/1052.

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Kiwifruit are of huge economic importance for New Zealand representing 29 percent of total horticultural exports. Fruit size is the biggest determinant of what consumers are willing to pay, and there is also a positive relationship between consumer preference for flavour and percentage dry matter. The two main cultivars exported from New Zealand are Actinidia chinensis ‘Hort 16A’ (gold kiwifruit) and A. deliciosa ‘Hayward’ (green kiwifruit). Under current commercial practice the only product allowed for use on kiwifruit to increase fruit size in New Zealand is Benefit®. Benefit® has been shown to induce different results when applied to A. chinensis and A. deliciosa, whereas synthetic plant growth regulators such as the cytokinin-like substance N-(2- chloro-4-pyridyl)-N’-phenylurea (CPPU) have been found to promote similar increases in fresh weight of fruit in both cultivars. Final fruit size is determined by both cell division and cell enlargement. It was been shown that fresh weight can be increased in both of the major Actinidia cultivars even though their physiology differs. Hormonal control of fruit size in relation to cell division and cell enlargement phases of fruit growth was studied in both A. chinensis and A. deliciosa. CPPU was applied to both cultivars in a growth response experiment where fruit were collected throughout the growing season. The objective of this experiment was to create growth curves, to compare and contrast the effect on A. chinensis and A. deliciosa, and to provide material for hormone analysis. Application of CPPU was found to significantly increase the fresh weight of both A. chinensis and A. deliciosa fruit (46.98 and 31.34 g increases respectively), and alter the ratio of inner and outer pericarps of A. chinensis fruit. CPPU and Benefit® were applied individually and together to both cultivars. It was found that only A. chinesis fruit were affected by the application of Benefit®; fresh weight was increased by 26.38 g, and percentage dry matter was significantly reduced. There was a statistically significant (p < 0.05) interaction between CPPU and Benefit® when applied to A. chinensis. 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridyloxyacetic acid (3,5,6-TPA) was applied to A. deliciosa on two application dates at three concentrations and was found to decrease fresh weight of fruit, but significantly increase percentage dry matter regardless of application date or concentration. Lastly CPPU and 1-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) were applied to A. deliciosa at two application dates and in all combinations. Application date affected the response to both a low concentration of CPPU and NAA. A synergistic interaction was observed when CPPU was applied early plus NAA late (CPPU early (4.53 g increase) plus NAA late (13.29 g) < CPPU early plus NAA late (33.85 g). Finally endogenous hormone content was studied. Methods were developed and tested for the simultaneous analysis of both indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and cytokinins. Freeze dried fruit were purified using Waters Sep-pak® cartridges and Oasis® columns then IAA was quantified by high pressure liquid chromatography. Preliminary results indicate a correlation between application of CPPU and endogenous IAA, high concentrations of IAA correlated well with periods of rapid fruit growth particularly for CPPU treated fruit.

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Westerlund, Stephanie. "Measuring juvenile hormone and ecdysteroid titers in insect haemolymph simultaneously by LC-MS the basis for determining the effectiveness of plant-derived alkaloids as insect growth regulators /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2004. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=972100164.

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Dall'Orto, Luigi Tancredi Campo. "Auxinas e tipos de estacas no enraizamento de Camellia sinensis." Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11136/tde-21092011-104432/.

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Com o objetivo de avaliar a influência de cultivares, tipos de estacas de Camellia sinensis e doses de ácido indolbutírico no enraizamento de estacas, dois experimentos foram conduzidos em casa de vegetação, no delineamento experimental em blocos ao acaso com 16 tratamentos, no esquema fatorial 2 x 2 x 4, ou seja, tipos de estaca (herbácea e lenhosa), cultivares (Camellia sinensis IAC 259 e Yabukita) e quatro doses de ácido indolbutírico (AIB) (0, 30, 60 e 90 mg L-1), com quatro repetições. Cada repetição foi composta por 20 estacas da porção mediana dos ramos das plantas matrizes, coletadas em duas épocas do ano (verão e inverno). As estacas foram cortadas em bisel e mantidas com uma gema e uma folha inteira, com 5 a 7 cm de comprimento. A região basal das estacas recebeu ou não tratamento com ácido indolbutírico (AIB), através da imersão de 2,5 cm da base em solução aquosa do produto por 24 horas. Posteriormente, elas foram colocadas em bandejas de isopor de 72 células contendo vermiculita de grânulos médios. As estacas herbáceas apresentaram maior porcentagem de enraizamento com a aplicação de AIB comparada às estacas lenhosas, sendo que as estacas coletadas no período do verão apresentaram maior porcentagem de enraizamento em menor espaço de tempo, quando comparadas com as estacas coletadas no período do inverno. Estacas da cultivar Yabukita apresentaram maior potencial de enraizamento em relação às estacas da cultivar IAC 259. As concentrações recomendadas de AIB para o enraizamento de estacas de Camellia sinensis variaram de 56 a 83 mg L-1 em função da cultivar.
Aiming to evaluate the influence of Camellia sinensis cultivars, types of cuttings and doses of IBA on rooting, two experiments have been conducted in a green house in the experimental design in blocks randomized with 16 treatments, arranged in a 2 x 2 x 4, that is, cutting types (herbaceous and woody), cultivars (Camellia sinensis \'IAC 259\' and \'Yabukita\') and four doses of butyric acid (IBA) (0, 30, 60 and 90 mg L -1) with four replications. Each replication consisted of 20 cuttings from the middle portion of the branches from the mother plants, collected in two seasons (summer and winter). The cuttings were cut in bevel and maintained with a bud and a leaf, with 5-7 cm long. The basal cuttings have received or not treatment with indol butyric acid (IBA) by immersion of 2.5 cm from the base in an aqueous solution of the product for 24 hours. Later, they have been placed in trays with 72 cells containing medium granules of vermiculite. Herbaceous cuttings have presented higher percentages of rooting with IBA application compared to hardwood cuttings, and cuttings collected in summer have showed the highest percentage of rooting in the shortest time compared with the cuttings collected in winter. Yabukita cultivars cuttings had higher rooting potential in relation to the IAC 259 cuttings. IBA level to the rooting of Camellia sinensis varied from 56 to 83 mg L-1 according to cultivars

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Books on the topic "Plant growth regulators; Plant hormones"

1

Roberts, Lorin Watson. Vascular differentiation and plant growth regulators. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1988.

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Biochemistry and physiology of plant hormones. 2nd ed. New York: Springer-Verlag, 1989.

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International Conference on Plant Growth Substances (12th 1985 Heidelberg, Germany). Plant growth substances 1985: Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Plant Growth Substances, held at Heidelberg, August 26-31, 1985. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1986.

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V, Kalevitch Maria, and Borsari Bruno, eds. Natural growth inhibitors and phytohormones in plants and environment. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2003.

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Cycle romand en sciences biologiques (3rd 1987 Puidoux, Switzerland). Growth hormone regulation at the cell membrane level: Programme résumés : seminaire, 7-9 september 1987. [Lausanne: Institut de biologie et physiologie végétales de l'Université, 1987.

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A, Roberts J. Plant growth regulators. Glasgow: Blackie, 1988.

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Roberts, Jeremy A., and Richard Hooley. Plant Growth Regulators. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-7592-4.

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Aftab, Tariq, and Khalid Rehman Hakeem, eds. Plant Growth Regulators. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-61153-8.

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Plant hormones: Methods and protocols. 2nd ed. New York: Humana Press, 2009.

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Roberts, Lorin W., Peter B. Gahan, and Roni Aloni. Vascular Differentiation and Plant Growth Regulators. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-73446-5.

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Book chapters on the topic "Plant growth regulators; Plant hormones"

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Galston, Arthur W., and Ravindar Kaur-Sawhney. "Polyamines as Endogenous Growth Regulators." In Plant Hormones, 158–78. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0473-9_8.

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Roberts, Jeremy A., and Richard Hooley. "Hormones and the Concept of Sensitivity — A Rational Approach." In Plant Growth Regulators, 49–67. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-7592-4_4.

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Gianfagna, Thomas. "Natural and Synthetic Growth Regulators and Their Use in Horticultural and Agronomic Crops." In Plant Hormones, 751–73. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0473-9_34.

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Ram, Mauji. "Hormonal Regulation in Cell Culture of Artemisia annua L. Plant." In Plant Growth Regulators, 101–14. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-61153-8_4.

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Galston, Arthur W., and Ravindar Kaur-Sawhney. "Polyamines as Endogenous Growth Regulators." In Plant Hormones and their Role in Plant Growth and Development, 280–95. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3585-3_15.

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Mansfield, Terry A. "Hormones as Regulators of Water Balance." In Plant Hormones and their Role in Plant Growth and Development, 411–30. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3585-3_22.

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Roberts, L. W. "Physical Factors, Hormones, and Differentiation." In Vascular Differentiation and Plant Growth Regulators, 89–105. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-73446-5_5.

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Davies, W. J., A. R. da Costa, and T. A. Lodge. "Water Relations and Plant Growth Regulators." In Hormonal Regulation of Plant Growth and Development, 151–70. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-3950-0_8.

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Gianfagna, Thomas J. "Natural and Synthetic Growth Regulators and Their Use in Horticultural and Agronomic Crops." In Plant Hormones and their Role in Plant Growth and Development, 614–35. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3585-3_32.

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Roberts, L. W. "Hormonal Aspects of Vascular Differentiation." In Vascular Differentiation and Plant Growth Regulators, 22–38. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-73446-5_2.

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Conference papers on the topic "Plant growth regulators; Plant hormones"

1

Alvarenga, Elson S., Francielly T. Souto, Vitor C. Baia, and Maria Regina A. Gomes. "Chromenediones as potential plant growth regulators." In 15th Brazilian Meeting on Organic Synthesis. São Paulo: Editora Edgard Blücher, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.5151/chempro-15bmos-bmos2013_2013101144241.

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Li, Ming-Feng, Jian-Qiang Zhu, and Zhen-Hui Jiang. "Plant Growth Regulators and Nutrition Applied to Cotton after Waterlogging." In 2013 Third International Conference on Intelligent System Design and Engineering Applications (ISDEA). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/isdea.2012.246.

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Muraviev, V. S., and L. V. Dyaduchenko. "THIENO[2,3-B]PYRIDINES DERIVATIVES AS SOYBEAN PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS." In STATE AND DEVELOPMENT PROSPECTS OF AGRIBUSINESS Volume 2. DSTU-Print, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.23947/interagro.2020.2.683-686.

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We have carried out the synthesis and screening of soybean growth regulators in a series of substituted thieno[2,3-b]pyridines. The compounds, which have a high growth-regulating effect, were detected. According to the field tests, the substances have a positive effect in formation of the yield structure and provide seed quality.

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Bakaeva, M. D., Li B. Vysotskaya, T. N. Arkhipova, E. V. Kuzina, S. P. Chetverikov, G. F. Rafikova, T. Yu Korshunova, O. N. Loginov, D. S. Veselov, and G. R. Kudoyarova. "The influence of plant growth stimulating bacteria on phytoremediation of oil-contaminated soils." In 2nd International Scientific Conference "Plants and Microbes: the Future of Biotechnology". PLAMIC2020 Organizing committee, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.28983/plamic2020.033.

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He, Ying, Sha Liang, Hao Zheng, Qiao Yuan, Fen Zhang, and Bo Sun. "Effects of plant growth regulators on callus proliferation of Chinese kale." In INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON FRONTIERS OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND ENGINEERING (FBSE 2018). Author(s), 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5085536.

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"Growth Optimization of Averhoa carambola through in vitro Culture Supplemented with Selected Plant Growth Regulators." In August 6-8, 2018 Pattaya (Thailand). Eminent Association of Pioneers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.17758/eares3.c0818111.

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Karsunkina N.P., N. P., E. V. Eremina E.V., and M. Yu Cherednichenko M.Yu. "Growth regulators in agriculture and biotechnology." In Растениеводство и луговодство. Тимирязевская сельскохозяйственная академия, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.26897/978-5-9675-1762-4-2020-56.

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The review is devoted to the history of the study of phytohormones and growth regulators. The features of the main classes of phytohormones and the prospects for their use in plant tissue and cell culture are also considered.

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Tao Zhang, Jing-long Liang, Yan Zou, and Ron-chong Li. "Micropropagation and bulblet growth of Lanzhou lily affected by plant growth regulators, sucrose and segments position." In 2011 International Conference on Remote Sensing, Environment and Transportation Engineering (RSETE). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/rsete.2011.5964101.

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Trinh, Cam Tu, Thanh Huong Tran, and Trang Viet Bui. "Effects of plant growth regulators on the growth and lipid accumulation of Nannochloropsis oculata (droop) Hibberd." In INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CHEMICAL ENGINEERING, FOOD AND BIOTECHNOLOGY (ICCFB2017): Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Chemical Engineering, Food and Biotechnology. Author(s), 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5000185.

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Huang, LiNa, Shimin Cheng, Zhenrong Yang, Zengxian Zhao, Zisi Xie, and Shouxing Wei. "Effects of Plant Growth Regulators on the Growth and Resistance Physiology of Banana Planting Big Seedlings." In 7th International Conference on Education, Management, Information and Mechanical Engineering (EMIM 2017). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/emim-17.2017.116.

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Reports on the topic "Plant growth regulators; Plant hormones"

1

Christensen, Cynthia. The effect of plant growth regulators on the growth of Closterium moniliferum. Portland State University Library, January 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/etd.5852.

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Guney, Murat, Mozhgan Zarifikhosrohahi, Songul Comlekcioglu, Hakan Keles, Muhammet Ali Gundesli, Ebru Kafkas, and Sezai Ercisli. Efficiency of Various Plant Growth Regulators on Micropropagation of Hawthorn (Crataegus spp.). "Prof. Marin Drinov" Publishing House of Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, January 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.7546/crabs.2020.01.07.

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Palazzo, Antonio J., Paul Zang, Robert W. Duell, Timothy J. Cary, and Susan E. Hardy. Plant Growth Regulators' Effect on Growth of Mixed Cool-Season Grass Stands at Fort Drum. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada319796.

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Moskova, Irina, Bistra Dikova, Elena Balacheva, and Iskren Sergiev. Protective Effect of Plant Growth Regulators MEIA and 4PU-30 against Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus (TSWV) on Two Tomato Geno types. "Prof. Marin Drinov" Publishing House of Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, November 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.7546/crabs.2020.11.08.

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