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Journal articles on the topic 'Plant landscape'
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1
Peterson, Cathleen A., L. Brooke McDowell, and Chris A. Martin. "286 Plant Life Form Frequency, Diversity, and Irrigation Application in Urban Residential Landscapes." HortScience 34, no. 3 (June 1999): 491E—491. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.34.3.491e.
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Heightened awareness of ecological concerns have prompted many municipalities to promote water conservation through landscape design. In central Arizona, urban residential landscapes containing desert-adapted plant species are termed xeriscapes, while those containing temperate or tropical species and turf are termed mesoscapes. Research was conducted to ascertain landscape plant species diversity, tree, shrub, and ground cover frequency; landscape canopy area coverage; and monthly irrigation application volumes for xeric and mesic urban residential landscapes. The residential urban landscapes were located in Tempe and Phoenix, Ariz., and all were installed initially between 1985 and 1995. Although species composition of xeric and mesic landscapes was generally dissimilar, both landscape types had comparable species diversity. Mesoscapes had significantly more trees and shrubs and about 2.3 times more canopy area coverage per landscaped area than xeriscapes. Monthly irrigation application volumes per landscaped surface area were higher for xeriscapes. Even though human preference for xeric landscape plants may be ecological in principle, use of desert-adapted species in central Arizona urban residential landscape settings might not result in less landscape water use compared with mesic landscapes.
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Behe, B., J. Hardy, S. Barton, J. Brooker, T. Fernandez, C. Hall, J. Hicks, et al. "Landscape Plant Material, Size, and Design Sophistication Increase Perceived Home Value." Journal of Environmental Horticulture 23, no. 3 (September 1, 2005): 127–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.24266/0738-2898-23.3.127.
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Abstract Little consumer research is available to help landscape design and installation businesses develop service marketing strategies. We investigated the effect of three components of a landscape design on the perceived value of a home. This information would be useful in marketing lawn and landscape services to prospective clients. Our objective was to provide a consumer perspective on the value of the components in a ‘good’ landscape and determine which attributes of a landscape consumers valued most. Using conjoint design, 1323 volunteer participants in seven states viewed 16 photographs that depicted the front of a landscaped residence. Landscapes were constructed using various levels of three attributes: plant material type, design sophistication, and plant size. Results showed that the relative importance increased from plant material type to plant size to design sophistication. Across all seven markets, study participants perceived that home value increased from 5% to 11% for homes with a good landscape.
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Plantegenest, Manuel, Christophe Le May, and Frédéric Fabre. "Landscape epidemiology of plant diseases." Journal of The Royal Society Interface 4, no. 16 (July 24, 2007): 963–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2007.1114.
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Many agricultural landscapes are characterized by a high degree of heterogeneity and fragmentation. Landscape ecology focuses on the influence of habitat heterogeneity in space and time on ecological processes. Landscape epidemiology aims at applying concepts and approaches originating from landscape ecology to the study of pathogen dynamics at the landscape scale. However, despite the strong influence that the landscape properties may have on the spread of plant diseases, landscape epidemiology has still received little attention from plant pathologists. Some recent methodological and technological progress provides new and powerful tools to describe and analyse the spatial patterns of host–pathogen interactions. Here, we review some important topics in plant pathology that may benefit from a landscape perspective. These include the influence of: landscape composition on the global inoculum pressure; landscape heterogeneity on pathogen dynamics; landscape structure on pathogen dispersal; and landscape properties on the emergence of pathogens and on their evolution.
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Chen, Jinwen, Weiran Tian, and Ying Huang. "Construction Strategy of Regional Plant Landscape in Urban Gardens." E3S Web of Conferences 194 (2020): 05036. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202019405036.
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By sorting out the problems existing in the construction of plant landscapes in urban gardens, the designer plans tree species, characteristics, spaces, colours, etc. from the perspective of ecosystem balance, applies local rich native plants, and explores the construction strategies of regional plant landscapes in urban gardens. Taking the city of Guilin as an example, the article analyses the construction features of the band green landscape of the two rivers and four lakes scenic spot, summarizes the construction characteristics of the regional plant landscape of Guilin, promotes the construction of an ecological garden city, and meets the people’s beautiful environmental needs.
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Garber, M. P., and K. Bondari. "Landscape Installation Firms: II. Source of Plant Material." Journal of Environmental Horticulture 13, no. 1 (March 1, 1995): 35–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.24266/0738-2898-13.1.35.
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Abstract The plant material purchasing patterns of landscape installers, which could help nurserymen develop marketing plans for this important segment of the green industry are identified in this study. Landscape installers revealed that approximately 97% of Georgia landscape installation firms purchased plants in-state and, in-state purchases were 73% of all plant material purchases. Most firms (91%) purchased directly from growers and obtained the largest percentage of plant material from this source (59.4%). The most important factors in selection of the production nursery where plants were purchased, as judged by the percent response for ‘very important’, were plant quality (85.3%), availability of plant material in desired sizes (62.7%) and, availability of plant varieties (60.0%). The quality of eight categories of plants grown in Georgia, relative to other states, was favorable. Landscape installation firms expected to purchase the same or greater quantities of plants over the next five years. The top three plant material trends likely to affect the type of plants purchased by landscape installers were decreased water availability (23.7%), increased demand for low maintenance landscapes (21.4%) and increased use of native or stress tolerant plants (17.6%). Across all size firms, the two most frequently listed opportunities for plant producers to help landscape installers were improved size and quality standards, and awareness of plant material specified by landscape architects so requested material is available. The results in this study varied by size of firm and provide valuable insight for development of marketing plans for growers serving the landscape installation industry.
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Chen, Linze, Junhan Liu, and Yang Zhao. "Innovation and Development: An Analysis of Landscape Construction Factors in Quanzhou Maritime Silkroad Art Park." Sustainability 15, no. 4 (February 9, 2023): 3157. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15043157.
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From the perspective of tourists, this paper takes Quanzhou Maritime Silkroad Art Park as the research object to study the botanical landscape factors concerned with tourists in the theme park. Through a questionnaire survey, and combined with interviews, the collected results were scientifically analysed using the data. According to the statistical results, the factors of plant landscape construction in the theme park concerned with tourists were summarised, extracted, and named, which were “plant landscape healing”, “plant landscape culture”, “plant landscape continuity”, “plant landscape spatial sense”, and “plant landscape aesthetic sense”. Through an in-depth analysis of the five common factors of the construction of modern theme park plant landscapes, this study creatively centred on the construction of theme park landscapes and established a scientific evaluation system, combined with the development and construction of the park, and put forward innovative and constructive suggestions based on the summary and analysis results. It provides a scientific reference for plant landscape construction in other theme parks.
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Elder, Lee, and Robert Gorman. "(304) Alaska Native Plant Commerical Demand Survey." HortScience 41, no. 4 (July 2006): 1060A—1060. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.41.4.1060a.
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About 333 people in the Anchorage area are involved in landscaping and landscape architecture, while about 18% of all farms in Alaska are considered greenhouse and nursery farms. These greenhouse and nursery farms account for $12.7 million in annual sales and comprise 28% of total Alaska agricultural sales. Alaskan horticulture producers have little industry knowledge of landscapers' and landscape architects' demand for Alaska native plants. This survey attempted to uncover the amounts of specific native Alaska varieties of shrubs, trees, herbaceous plants, and ferns that landscapers and landscape architects used in 2004, while also asking what types of plants they would like to use if a consistent supply was established. Landscapers' and landscape architects' business activities and perceptions are also evaluated. Surveys were distributed electronically as well as by standard mail to 165 landscapers and landscape architects in the Anchorage area. An overall 12% response rate provided insight into the commercial demand for Alaska native plant varieties.
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Sun, Hongyan, Kelly Kopp, and Roger Kjelgren. "Water-efficient Urban Landscapes: Integrating Different Water Use Categorizations and Plant Types." HortScience 47, no. 2 (February 2012): 254–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.47.2.254.
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Little research has examined water requirements of entire irrigated urban landscapes integrating different types of plants. Three landscape treatments integrating different types of plants—woody, herbaceous perennial, turf—and putative water use classifications—mesic, mixed, xeric—were grown in large drainage lysimeters. Each landscape plot was divided into woody plant, turf, and perennial hydrozones and irrigated for optimum water status over 2 years and water use measured using a water balance approach. For woody plants and herbaceous perennials, canopy cover rather than plant type or water use classification was the key determinant of water use relative to reference evapotranspiration (ETo) under well-watered conditions. For turf, monthly evapotranspiration (ETa) followed a trend linearly related to ETo. Monthly plant factors (Kp) for woody plants, perennials, and turf species under well-watered conditions in this study ranged from 0.3 to 0.9, 0.2 to 0.5, and 0.5 to 1.2, respectively. Adjusted Kp for each hydrozone was calculated based on landscaped area covered by plant types as a percent of total area, and landscape factor (Kl) was calculated based on adjusted Kp for each landscape treatment. Overall, Kl relative to ETo ranged from 0.6 to 0.8 for three water use classifications.
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Qi, Zhang, and Zegiimaa Ch. "Plant Configuration and Landscape Construction in Blind Gardens." Academic Journal of Science and Technology 8, no. 2 (November 30, 2023): 31–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/ajst.v8i2.14715.
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In daily life, landscape design often takes able-bodied people as considerations, while ignoring the blind people who lack vision. According to the blind people's psychological needs and the need for space and landscape, based on taking into account the safety of the blind people and the integrity of the landscape structure, The blind garden plant configuration and landscape construction are carried out based on the principles of sex and accessibility. The content of landscape design includes the design of olfactory landscape, tactile landscape, visual landscape, and auditory landscape; barrier-free design mainly relies on barrier-free design of terrain, road design and public facilities; In order to arouse society's attention to the blind and improve urban gardens. The design theory enables the blind to have a space suitable for their own leisure and entertainment activities, enriching their daily lives, and discusses the design principles and plant configurations of the blind garden construction, hoping to provide some reference for the construction of blind landscapes.
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Liu, Guan, Jizhong Shao, Yubin Zhang, Minge Yang, Xiaosi Zhang, Wentao Wan, Yuxin Zhang, and Linjie Wang. "Multiple Analysis of the Relationship between the Characteristics of Plant Landscape and the Spatiotemporal Aggregation of the Population." Sustainability 14, no. 10 (May 20, 2022): 6254. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14106254.
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The reformation and development of the education system in China have led to environmental upgrades in a great number of universities. Amid this improvement, plant landscapes hold an important role in improving the environment and highlighting the campus culture. However, due to the lack of in-depth exploration of the relationship between plant landscape characteristics and the spatiotemporal aggregation of the population in current research, the design methods of campus plant landscapes are not thoroughly studied. Therefore, the mutual improvement between landscaping and population activity has not been maximized. In this study, we collected 52 plant landscape units from Northwest A&F University as the research objects. We investigated the patterns of population aggregation on campus plant landscapes through quantitative analysis of the characteristics of plant landscapes and the temporal and spatial aggregation of people. Multiple regression analysis was used to explore the complex relationship between the characteristics of each landscape and the spatial-temporal agglomeration of people. Traditional survey questionnaires and field surveys, kernel density analysis, Python crawler technology, raincloud plots analysis, correlation analysis, principal component analysis, and other methods were used to further measure and analyze plant landscape characteristics under the influence of population density from the two levels of various characteristic elements and different landscape units, and explain the mechanism affecting population aggregation, striving to provide a theoretical basis and practical support for the sustainable development of the campus environment and landscape design methods.
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Garber, Melvin P. "LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTS AND THE DEMAND FOR PLANT MATERIAL." HortScience 27, no. 11 (November 1992): 1175d—1175. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.27.11.1175d.
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Landscape architects occupy a strategic position in the landscape industry; yet, they have not been generally considered an important customer group by nurserymen. They influence selection of plant material for commercial, government, and residential landscapes and are generally the first to know what will be in demand. A recent survey of Georgia landscape architects found they specify $85 M of plants. This compares to the $200 M estimate for the 1989 wholesale value of nursery stock produced in Georgia. In addition, 60% of the landscape architectural firms influence which production nursery supplies plants by determining or recommending the production nursery where the landscape contractor obtains plants. More importantly, 92% of the large firms, which account for 67% of the dollar value, are involved in selection of the production nursery. The results provide the first quantitative estimate of the influence of landscape architects on nurserymen and suggest that nurserymen should view landscape architects as important customers.
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Owings, Allen, Gordon Holcomb, Andrew Bates, Peggy Cox, Stephen Crnko, and Anthony Witcher. "Herbaceous Plant Trial Results—1999." HortScience 35, no. 4 (July 2000): 567C—567b. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.35.4.567c.
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In 1999, LSU Agricultural Center landscape trials of herbaceous ornamental plants included zinnias, ornamental sweet potatoes, vinca, and perennial verbenas. Based on growth habit, flowering and disease observations from 1999 and previous years, `Homestead Purple', `Tiger Rose', `Rose King', `Taylortown Red', and `Blue Princess' (`Biloxi Blue') are recommended perennial verbena cultivars for Louisiana landscapes. Zinnias evaluated included Zinnia angustifolia and Z. elegans cultivars. `Crystal White', `Profusion Orange', and `Profusion Cherry' (all Z. angustifolia cultivars) were superior landscape performers. Major incidence of bacterial leaf spot was reported on all Z. elegans cultivars in 1999. Over the last several years, the Pacifica series of vinca had significantly improved visual quality ratings in landscape trials when compared to the Heat Wave and Cooler series. In 1999, Mediterranean Deep Rose had visual quality ratings similar to Pacifica but had increased incidence of disease problems. Ornamental sweet potato cultivars recommended for landscape use in Louisiana based on trials in 1999 are `Blackie', `Black Beauty', `Margarite', and `Pink Frost' (`Tricolor'). `Summer Frost' is not recommended.
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Garber, M. P., and K. Bondari. "Improvement Opportunities for Growers of Ornamental Plants: A Survey of Landscape Architects." HortScience 27, no. 12 (December 1992): 1322–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.27.12.1322.
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A survey of landscape architects in Georgia was conducted to identify opportunities for nurseries to meet the needs of landscape architects and to improve the quality of installed landscapes. The primary opportunities identified for improvement for growers are to provide regular, frequent plant availability (32% of respondents); develop new plant varieties for specific needs (21%); supply plants that meet specified sizes (20%); recommend plant varieties for specific conditions (12%); provide picture of plants (9%); and make presentations to landscape architects (5%). Additional insight into how growers can help landscape architects achieve a higher quality installed landscape was gained from the question, `What is the most common complaint you experience regarding plant material installed?” Landscape architects indicated that plants below specified size (44%) and plants below specified quality (24%) were the two most common complaints.
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Garber, M. P., and K. Bondari. "Trends in Plant Material Requirements of Landscape Architects." Journal of Environmental Horticulture 11, no. 3 (September 1, 1993): 110–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.24266/0738-2898-11.3.110.
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Abstract Landscape architects influence the demand for plant material when specifying plants for landscape projects. A survey of landscape architects in Georgia identified the value of plant material specified for nine plant-types: deciduous trees (> 3” caliper), deciduous trees ≤ 3” caliper), evergreen trees, coniferous shrubs, broadleaf shrubs, perennials/groundcovers, native herbaceous, bedding plants, and turf. As a plant category, trees represented the largest proportion of plant material, approximately 50% of the total value for all firms. With the exception of turf, landscape architects are expected to specify the same or greater value of plant material over the next five years, a positive economic sign for the nursery industry. The frequency of plant substitution due to lack of availability was greatest for the five plant-types generally produced as container nursery stock in Georgia; coniferous shrubs, broadleaf shrubs, perennials/ground covers, native herbaceous, and bedding plants. The two trends identified by landscape architects as most likely to affect the type of plants specified over the next five years are water availability and need for low maintenance landscapes.
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McDowell, L. Brooke, and Chris A. Martin. "596 Landscape Design and History Affect Urban Plant Gas Exchange Parameters." HortScience 34, no. 3 (June 1999): 549E—550. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.34.3.549e.
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Effects of landscape design and land use history on gas exchange parameters were evaluated for woody plants in a factorial site matrix of formerly desert or agricultural land uses and xeric or mesic residential landscape designs within the metropolitan area of Phoenix, Ariz. Remnant Sonoran Desert sites and an alfalfa agricultural field functioned as controls. Residential landscapes and the alfalfa field were irrigated regularly. Monthly instantaneous measurements of maximum leaf and stem carbon assimilation (A), conductance (gs), and transpiration (E) were made within three replicates of each site type during 1998 and 1999. Measurements were repeated monthly on three woody plant life forms: trees, shrubs, and ground covers. Assimilation fluxes were not related to former land use, but were lower for plants in xeric compared with those in mesic landscapes. Transpiration fluxes were higher for plants in formerly agricultural sites than in formerly desert sites, and were lower in xeric than in mesic landscape design. Compared with plants in residential landscapes, A and E fluxes were generally higher for plants in the agricultural control sites and were lower for plants at the desert control sites. Plant instantaneous transpiration efficiency (ITE = A/E) was higher in formerly agricultural sites than in formerly desert sites but was not affected by landscape design. Patterns of A, gs, and shoot temperature at irrigated sites suggest that maximum plant carbon assimilation was not limited by shoot conductance but was more responsive to shoot temperature. Similarities in patterns of ITE between plants in the different landscape design types suggest that xeric and mesic landscape plants do not differ in terms of water use efficiency.
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Luo, Yuanyuan, Jun He, Yuelin Long, Lu Xu, Liang Zhang, Zhuoran Tang, Chun Li, and Xingyao Xiong. "The Relationship between the Color Landscape Characteristics of Autumn Plant Communities and Public Aesthetics in Urban Parks in Changsha, China." Sustainability 15, no. 4 (February 8, 2023): 3119. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15043119.
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Contemporary landscape architecture studies have paid close attention to the interactions between public aesthetic preferences and the landscape environment. Scenic beauty has become an important evaluation indicator of landscape quality. The quality of the plant color landscape is an important factor affecting scenic beauty. Exploring the relationship between the composition rules and internal properties of autumn plant color landscapes in urban parks and public aesthetic preferences can provide new ideas for the evaluation and design of plant community color landscapes. Taking 12 parks in Changsha City, Hunan Province, China, as the study area and 85 plant communities as the sample plots, scenic beauty estimation (SBE) was used to evaluate the autumn plant color landscape of urban parks. ColorImpact software was used to extract the color values of each plant community. Fifteen original color element indicators were determined, and the data were statistically analyzed by principal component analysis (PCA), one-way ANOVA, multiple comparison analysis and systematic cluster analysis. Four principal components were extracted to construct the characteristic indices and a comprehensive model of the color landscape quality of autumn plant communities. The four characteristic indices showed significant or extremely significant differences among the five SBE grades. From the overall trend, the SBE grades showed a positive correlation with PC1 (primary and adjunctive color index), PC2 (color structure and property index) and PC3 (autumn-color-leafed index) and a negative correlation with PC4 (intersperse color index). RPH (ratio of primary hue), RP (ratio of primary color), RC (color-leafed index), RWC (ratio of warm and cool colors), and NC (number of colors) were the key factors affecting the SBE grade. Overall, RPH, RP, RC, and RWC positively influenced the SBE values, while NC negatively influenced the SBE values, and five to seven colors were more moderate. The quality of the color landscape can be improved by creating plant communities with three types of color composition: warm-toned dominant type, warm- and cold-toned contrast type, and multicolor harmonic type. The results provide a reference for the evaluation, design and construction of autumn plant color landscapes in urban parks.
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Garber, M. P., and K. Bondari. "Opportunities for Cooperation between Landscape Contractors and Landscape Architects." Journal of Environmental Horticulture 10, no. 4 (December 1, 1992): 202–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.24266/0738-2898-10.4.202.
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Abstract Landscape architects identified the most common complaints they receive regarding plant material installed in the landscape. The 54 responses from a survey of landscape architects in Georgia were grouped into four categories relating to plant size, plant quality, site preparation and installation, and plant maintenance. Specific opportunities are identified for landscape contractors to help landscape architects address these customer concerns. In addition, landscape architects identified several areas for landscape contractors to assist them in supplying better products and services. These areas include plant material care and availability, close supervision of the installation process, and a closer working relationship between the two groups.
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Wu, Yuqiang, Weiwei Guo, and Dinghai Yang. "Application of Neural Network Model Based on Multispecies Evolutionary Genetic Algorithm to Planning and Design of Diverse Plant Landscape." Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience 2021 (October 18, 2021): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/9031366.
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In order to explore the feasibility of applying neural network model to landscape planning, based on the multispecies evolutionary genetic algorithm, a neural network model is proposed in this paper for the system design of diverse plant landscape planning. From the perspective of plant species diversity, this paper discusses landscape planning based on a neural network model. This landscape plan involves more than 180 plant species, mainly shrubs, fungi, and so on. The application of multispecies evolutionary genetic algorithm to landscape planning and design and the application of gene level coding and multispecies parallel evolution strategy to the evolutionary design of neural network have guiding significance for plant landscape planning and design. Compared with the traditional neural network modeling method and genetic algorithm, the proposed method has the advantages of wide network structure search space and simple algorithm calculation and design, independent of specific application background, and has strong application and promotion value. This method makes the model performance evaluation index more comprehensive and accurate and the model solution more reasonable. At the same time, combined with the specific status and corresponding changes of various plants in each season, this paper designs a targeted plan to rationally plan the specific spatial layout of the plant landscape and the combination of different types of plant landscapes, so as to effectively improve the quality of the landscape.
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Oki, L. R., K. Reid, and J. Sisneroz. "Landscape plant irrigation trials©." Acta Horticulturae, no. 1140 (August 2016): 145–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.2016.1140.31.
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Lajtha, Kate. "Plant Ecology and Landscape Geomorphology." Ecology 67, no. 3 (June 1986): 824. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1937711.
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De Blois, Sylvie, Gérald Domon, and André Bouchard. "Landscape issues in plant ecology." Ecography 25, no. 2 (April 2002): 244–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0587.2002.250212.x.
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Vilà, Montserrat, and Inés Ibáñez. "Plant invasions in the landscape." Landscape Ecology 26, no. 4 (February 23, 2011): 461–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10980-011-9585-3.
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Liu, Tian, Bingyi Mi, Hai Yan, Zhiyi Bao, Renwu Wu, and Shuhan Wang. "Spatiotemporal Distribution Analysis of Spatial Vitality of Specialized Garden Plant Landscapes during Spring: A Case Study of Hangzhou Botanical Garden in China." Forests 15, no. 1 (January 20, 2024): 208. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f15010208.
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Specialized gardens, as integral components of botanical gardens, bear multiple functions, encompassing plant collection and conservation, scientific research, and public education, as well as serving aesthetic and recreational purposes. Their quality profoundly reflects the landscape artistry of botanical gardens, directly influencing the quality of visitors’ enjoyment and the overall experience within the botanical garden. This study aims to investigate the spatial vitality of specialized garden plant landscapes, effectively assessing the usage patterns of plant landscape spaces and promoting the optimal utilization of underutilized spaces. Taking Hangzhou Botanical Garden as a case study, considering the warming climate and suitable temperatures in spring, when most plants enter the flowering period and outdoor visitor frequency increases, the primary observational period focuses on spring to measure the spatial vitality of specialized garden plant landscapes. We obtained data through field measurements and on-site observations. Specifically, We measured and recorded information on plant species, quantity, height, crown width, and growth conditions within the plots. Additionally, we employed ground observations and fixed-point photography to document visitor numbers and activity types. We quantified spatial vitality through four indicators: visitor density, space usage intensity, diversity of age group, and richness of activity type. We explored the spatiotemporal distribution patterns of spatial vitality and investigated the relationship between plant landscape characteristics and spatial vitality using variance analysis and correlation analysis. The results indicate that, in spring, the average spatial vitality index of specialized gardens ranks from highest to lowest as follows: Lingfeng Tanmei (1.403), Rosaceae Garden (1.245), Acer and Rhododendron Garden (0.449), and Osmanthus and Crape Myrtle Garden (0.437). Additionally, the spatial vitality of specialized garden plant landscapes in spring is significantly positively correlated with the ornamental period of specialized plants, characteristics of plant viewing, accessible lawn area, spatial accessibility, and spatial enclosure. Therefore, to create vibrant specialized plant landscapes, managers and planners, when engaging in the planning and design of specialized garden plant landscapes, need to fully consider and respect the visual aesthetics and functional needs of visitors. This study will serve as a theoretical reference for subsequent research on the vitality of plant landscape spaces and other small-scale spaces. It will also provide practical guidance for the construction of plant landscapes in specialized gardens within botanical gardens and other urban green spaces.
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Tao, Peiyuan, Menghan Shen, Jianing Du, Peng Yao, and Ming Shao. "Enhancing Sustainable Urban Landscapes through AI-Driven Low-Carbon Plant Selection: A Novel Approach." Advances in Engineering Technology Research 8, no. 1 (December 7, 2023): 696. http://dx.doi.org/10.56028/aetr.8.1.696.2023.
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In the face of global environmental challenges, sustainable urban landscapes play a pivotal role in mitigating carbon emissions and fostering healthier cities. This paper presents a groundbreaking approach to low-carbon plant selection for landscape architecture, leveraging AI technology to address the limitations of existing language models in the field. Through the integration of professional databases, the introduction of judgment modules, low-carbon plant landscape recommendation modules, general dialogue modules, the use of prompt engineering technology, fine-tuning technology, our system offers precise, ecologically sound recommendations for low-carbon landscape designs.
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MUÑOZ-PEDREROS, ANDRÉS. "THE VISUAL LANDSCAPE: AN IMPORTANT AND POORLY CONSERVED RESOURCE." Ambiente & Sociedade 20, no. 1 (March 2017): 165–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1809-4422asoc20150088r1v2012017.
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Abstract Landscape is the setting for human activity, and any artificial action affects its perception. The processes that generate losses of landscape are the increase in urban areas and in productive infrastructures and services; the change in use of rural land to monoculture and the increase in anthropogenic structures in the rural landscape. This has led to an increased and rapid deterioration of landscape quality with the loss of landscapes of high aesthetic value, loss of landscape wealth; loss of naturalness when replacing the native plant cover and the loss of archetypal landscapes, robbing local identity. We must advance to landscape policies that include actions such as the compilation of landscape catalogues, monitoring and restoration programmes, as well as a vigorous environmental education programme aimed at conservation and recovery of the landscape.
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Shi, Yangyang, Jiao Zhang, Xinyue Shen, Liang Chen, Yunchen Xu, Rui Fu, Yang Su, and Yiping Xia. "Designing Perennial Landscapes: Plant form and Species Richness Influence the Gaze Perception Associated with Aesthetic Preference." Land 11, no. 10 (October 20, 2022): 1860. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land11101860.
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The up-close experience of perennial landscapes has been shown to enhance residents’ perception of naturalness in the context of increasing small-scale vegetation landscapes. This study explored how formal aesthetic characteristics were related to landscape perception and whether landscape preference correlated with eye movements. We created a series of photomontages showing perennial combinations that contained different plant forms, degrees of species richness, and plant arrangements and recorded 73 participants’ eye movements during 10 seconds of free viewing in Experiment A and task-oriented viewing in Experiment B and ratings of landscape preference collected through rating scales. We found that the effects of plant form and species richness were significant for gaze behavior, while arrangement showed no significant effect. We also found that landscape preference was positively correlated with fixation count but negatively correlated with mean fixation duration and total fixation duration. Additionally, women had more but shorter fixations than men while viewing these photomontages, and the difference in aesthetic preferences between men and women was not significant. Concerning the different professional background groups, no significant gaze behavior difference between professionals and nonprofessionals was detected, but compared with professionals, nonprofessionals tended to give strongly higher preference ratings. The outcomes shed light on the influence of formal aesthetic characteristics on gaze behavior and advanced the application of eye-tracking technology in perennial landscape studies. Our findings also confirmed the efficiency of vegetation landscapes designed based on public preferences for providing restoration from stress or fatigue.
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Schroeder, Hayley, Heather Grab, and Katja Poveda. "Phenotypic clines in herbivore resistance and reproductive traits in wild plants along an agricultural gradient." PLOS ONE 18, no. 5 (May 31, 2023): e0286050. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0286050.
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The conversion of natural landscapes to agriculture is a leading cause of biodiversity loss worldwide. While many studies examine how landscape modification affects species diversity, a trait-based approach can provide new insights into species responses to environmental change. Wild plants persisting in heavily modified landscapes provide a unique opportunity to examine species’ responses to land use change. Trait expression within a community plays an important role in structuring species interactions, highlighting the potential implications of landscape mediated trait changes on ecosystem functioning. Here we test the effect of increasing agricultural landscape modification on defensive and reproductive traits in three commonly occurring Brassicaceae species to evaluate plant responses to landscape change. We collected seeds from populations at spatially separated sites with variation in surrounding agricultural land cover and grew them in a greenhouse common garden, measuring defensive traits through an herbivore no-choice bioassay as well as reproductive traits such as flower size and seed set. In two of the three species, plants originating from agriculturally dominant landscapes expressed a consistent reduction in flower size and herbivore leaf consumption. One species also showed reduced fitness associated with increasingly agricultural landscapes. These findings demonstrate that wild plants are responding to landscape modification, suggesting that the conversion of natural landscapes to agriculture has consequences for wild plant evolution.
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Nobori, Tatsuya, André C. Velásquez, Jingni Wu, Brian H. Kvitko, James M. Kremer, Yiming Wang, Sheng Yang He, and Kenichi Tsuda. "Transcriptome landscape of a bacterial pathogen under plant immunity." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 115, no. 13 (March 12, 2018): E3055—E3064. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1800529115.
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Plant pathogens can cause serious diseases that impact global agriculture. The plant innate immunity, when fully activated, can halt pathogen growth in plants. Despite extensive studies into the molecular and genetic bases of plant immunity against pathogens, the influence of plant immunity in global pathogen metabolism to restrict pathogen growth is poorly understood. Here, we developed RNA sequencing pipelines for analyzing bacterial transcriptomes in planta and determined high-resolution transcriptome patterns of the foliar bacterial pathogen Pseudomonas syringae in Arabidopsis thaliana with a total of 27 combinations of plant immunity mutants and bacterial strains. Bacterial transcriptomes were analyzed at 6 h post infection to capture early effects of plant immunity on bacterial processes and to avoid secondary effects caused by different bacterial population densities in planta. We identified specific “immune-responsive” bacterial genes and processes, including those that are activated in susceptible plants and suppressed by plant immune activation. Expression patterns of immune-responsive bacterial genes at the early time point were tightly linked to later bacterial growth levels in different host genotypes. Moreover, we found that a bacterial iron acquisition pathway is commonly suppressed by multiple plant immune-signaling pathways. Overexpression of a P. syringae sigma factor gene involved in iron regulation and other processes partially countered bacterial growth restriction during the plant immune response triggered by AvrRpt2. Collectively, this study defines the effects of plant immunity on the transcriptome of a bacterial pathogen and sheds light on the enigmatic mechanisms of bacterial growth inhibition during the plant immune response.
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Mu, Hongna, Yan Wang, Taoze Sun, and Lei Liu. "Study on Xiurong academy landscape based on regional culture." Arts & Humanities Open Access Journal 5, no. 2 (June 6, 2023): 102–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.15406/ahoaj.2023.05.00193.
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Regional culture has been regarded as the historical record of human activities and the carrier of the cultural inheritance of a particular region during the past decades. The unique regional culture of Shanxi had influenced the landscape construction of Xiurong Academy. In this paper, research of the regional cultural perspective on the overall layout of Xiurong Academy, the creation and analysis of characteristic regional landscapes, and the cultural and garden landscapes of the academy has been conducted through literature research, field research, and other methods. The results show that Xiurong Academy has high reference value in the layout of the academy, historical culture, architectural characteristics, and landscape features of the academy in northern Shanxi. The landscape construction of Xiurong Academy conforms to the regional characteristics of its location. Its unique detailed design is reflected in the architecture, courtyard layout, and plant construction of Xiurong academy. It is valuable to provide some reference for the scientific protection and utilization of Xiurong Academy, even for other similar landscape research through our research to uncover and illustrate its building structure and plant landscape.
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Freire, Maria, and Nuno Chegadinho. "The biological balance and ecological infrastructure of the vineyard landscape." BIO Web of Conferences 68 (2023): 01042. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20236801042.
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The vineyard landscapes that are known today, almost everywhere, result fundamentally from the technical requirements of consumption and markets, and therefore production factors. This condition, corresponding to the productive function of the landscape, must be reconciled with its other functions - conservation of resources and recreation. This article aims to reflect on the principles of design, planning and management associated with this productive system, considering strategies to increase the landscape’s biodiversity and ecological infrastructure, which contributes to greater environmental sustainability. It considers problems linked to climate change, and valuation of the landscape where the economic, social, ecological, and affective dimensions are integrated. The main features and concepts associated with sustainable wine production are integrated production or biologic production. The geomorphological, soil and microclimate features – expressed in the terroir - and the plant species most suitable for sustainable production and protection of these landscapes include systems, infrastructures, and patterns in each landscape. The reflection is supported by one case-study in the Alentejo region of Portugal – the Borba wine sub-region.
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Mathews, Andrew S. "Landscapes and Throughscapes in Italian Forest Worlds: Thinking Dramatically about the Anthropocene." Cultural Anthropology 33, no. 3 (August 21, 2018): 386–414. http://dx.doi.org/10.14506/ca33.3.05.
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Phenomenological descriptions of landscapes, trees, and terraces, combined with oral history and historical ecology, find traces of industrialization, plant disease, and forest fires in central Italian forests. Plant form, landscape form, and forest structure can be described through drawings that give resolutely partial descriptions of more-than-human encounters. This kind of knowledge of the landscape is potentially unstable and remade by the details that it contains. By using multiple methods for attending to more-than-human landscapes, we can learn to notice multiple throughscapes, landscape patterns that overlap and lie through each other, but which are linked to different histories. Multiplying histories means that rather than being seen as a single era, the Anthropocene can be understood as having many beginnings and coexisting histories that give rise to multiple futures.
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Pallavicini, Yesica, Fernando Bastida, Eva Hernández-Plaza, Sandrine Petit, Jordi Izquierdo, and Jose L. Gonzalez-Andujar. "Local Factors Rather than the Landscape Context Explain Species Richness and Functional Trait Diversity and Responses of Plant Assemblages of Mediterranean Cereal Field Margins." Plants 9, no. 6 (June 22, 2020): 778. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants9060778.
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Arable field margins are valuable habitats providing a wide range of ecosystem services in rural landscapes. Agricultural intensification in recent decades has been a major cause of decline in plant diversity in these habitats. However, the concomitant effects on plant functional diversity are less documented, particularly in Mediterranean areas. In this paper, we analyzed the effect of margin width and surrounding landscape (cover and diversity of land use and field size), used as proxies for management intensity at local and landscape scales, on plant species richness, functional diversity and functional trait values in margins of winter cereal fields in southern Spain. Five functional traits were selected: life form, growth form, seed mass, seed dispersal mode and pollination type. RLQ and fourth-corner analyses were used to link functional traits and landscape variables. A total of 306 plant species were recorded. Species richness and functional diversity were positively related to margin width but showed no response to landscape variables. Functional trait values were affected neither by the local nor landscape variables. Our results suggest that increasing the margin width of conventionally managed cereal fields would enhance both taxonomic and functional diversity of margin plant assemblages, and thus the services they provide to the agro-ecosystem.
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ŞENTÜRK, Muhyettin, and Rıza BİNZET. "MERSİN İLİNİN SÜS BİTKİSİ POTANSİYELİ TAŞIYAN BAZI DİKOTİL ENDEMİK BİTKİLERİ." Euroasia Journal of Mathematics, Engineering, Natural & Medical Sciences 8, no. 16 (July 25, 2021): 79–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.38065/euroasiaorg.584.
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Flora of Turkey, which constitutes an important part of Turkey of biological diversity, ranks first among European countries. Flora of Turkey first among other countries in the world in terms of its endemism rate. Mersin province, which is located in the Mediterranean region, which is the richest region of Turkey concerning endemism, forms an important part of our country's flora and the Mediterranean in terms of floristic. The endemism rate of flora of Mersin province is approximately 23%. Today, when urbanization is increasing and the concentration in rural areas decreases, natural ingredients and plants are increasingly included in city life. For this reason, big cities and cities such as Mersin are trying to be integrated with nature or to include nature and its ingredients in city life. Unfortunately, most of the plants that are tried to be included in city life are not natural plants of our country but are mainly exotic dicotyledon ornamental plants of foreign origin. Some of these species are invasive and appear to threaten the natural ecosystem. For this reason, it is important in many aspects to include the species with natural distribution in Mersin to the landscape areas and urban ecosystem. Therefore, the natural ecosystem will not be damaged therewithal aesthetically valuable species can be considered ornamental plants. In this context, the spread of the species suggested in our study only in our country (and some only in Mersin) is of great importance in bringing these species to the ornamental plant sector. In this study, some of the dicotyl endemic plant taxa with ornamental plant potential were identified, and photographs of these taxa were presented. Thirty different endemic taxa belonging to 13 different dicotyl families identified are listed. It is seen that the endemic taxa we propose are not very aesthetically different from the taxa currently used in the landscape, and even some taxa are more striking than some exotic taxa evaluated in the landscape. In addition, the proposed list includes taxa with medical importance in the landscape and endemic taxa that can also be considered as honey plants, as well as ground cover and hedge plants. We anticipate that these taxa, which are the elements of the natural vegetation of Mersin, can be transferred to urban areas by taking inspiration from nature and prevent biological, ecological, economic, and even pathological problems caused by a significant part of exotic species.
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Wrzesień, Małgorzata, and Bożena Denisow. "The effect of Agricultural Landscape Type on Field Margin Flora in South Eastern Poland." Acta Botanica Croatica 75, no. 2 (October 1, 2016): 217–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/botcro-2016-0027.
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Abstract Plant species diversity is threatened in many agricultural landscapes due to the changes it has to undergo. Although the modification of the agricultural landscape pattern is observed across Europe, both extensive and intensive agricultural landscapes still co-exist in Poland. The objective of the study was to examine the flora in field margins in intensively and extensively managed agricultural landscapes, located across three regions in SE Poland. The flora was compared with respect to species richness, diversity, and evenness indices. Detrended correspondence analysis was employed to characterise variation in species composition. Agricultural landscape type made a higher contribution than the topography or geology to species richness and composition in field margins. Field margins function as important habitats for general vascular plant species diversity and are useful for the conservation of rare, threatened, endangered or bee plants. A significant decline in species diversity was observed over a distance of 1000 m from the habitat elements. Plants growing on field margins are mainly perennials; however participation of annuals clearly increases in intensive landscapes. The participation of wind-dispersed species decreased in an open-spaced intensive landscape. Animal-dispersed plants predominated in an extensive landscape with forest islands. Irrespective of landscape type, native species predominated. However, these habitats create the biota and corridors for alien-invasive species as well.
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A. Ludwig, John, David J. Tongway, and Stephen G. Marsden. "A flow-filter model for simulating the conservation of limited resources in spatially heterogeneous, semi-arid landscapes." Pacific Conservation Biology 1, no. 3 (1994): 209. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pc940209.
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As in arid lands of the world, many semi-arid landscapes in Australia have plant and animal growth and reproduction, hence survival, severely limited by available water. For example, Acacia anuera (mulga) grove-intergrove landscapes are source-sink systems where water flows from low ridges and stony slopes (inter-groves) into flat areas (groves). Water can be lost from these systems, to lakes and rivers. This occurs if the water retention (filtering and storage) capacity of the sinks is too low (perhaps due to landscape degradation) or if the total area of sink is too small. A flow-filter landscape model was developed to determine the area of sink (relative to the total area) that will maximize resource (water) conservation and plant production under conditions of low rainfall. The model was also used to examine the effect of having landscape resource sinks with low and high filtering capacities. Simulation results indicate that when rainfall is low (160 mm) the area of sink needed to conserve all available water within the landscape was 40 per cent of the total landscape area when sinks had high resource-filtering capacities; this area increased to 60 per cent when sinks had a low filtering capacity as the case with landscape degradation. The flow-filter landscape model can provide land managers with guidelines on rehabilitating degraded landscapes by reconstruction of sink areas. To conserve the limited amounts of rainfall within a semi-arid landscape a minimal area of sink has to be reconstructed; the flow-filter model estimates this minimal area, thus reducing rehabilitation costs.
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Garber, M. P., and K. Bondari. "Landscape Architects as Related to the Landscape/Nursery Industry: II. Selection of the Production Nursery and Plant Availability." Journal of Environmental Horticulture 10, no. 2 (June 1, 1992): 73–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.24266/0738-2898-10.2.73.
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Abstract Information concerning the role of the landscape architect in verifying plant availability and selection of the production nursery where landscape contractors obtain plants can help growers develop effective marketing plans. A survey of Georgia landscape architects indicates that about 84% of the respondents confirm availability of plant material specified. A higher percentage of large firms (about 92%) confirm availability compared to medium (85.7%) and small (79.3%) firms. The three most frequently used sources of information for landscape architects to confirm plant availability are favorite local grower, nursery catalogs, and landscape contractor likely to install plants. The top three choices are the same regardless of firm size. Survey results demonstrate that landscape architects not only confirm availability of plants but also play an important role in selecting the production nursery where landscape contractors obtain plants. Approximately 61% of all respondents indicate they determine/recommend the nursery where landscape contractors obtain plants. There is a significant difference among firm size in response to this question with large firms most active in selecting the production nursery (about 92%) followed by medium (57%) and small (50%) firms. The two factors that most influence the decision of large firms are plant quality and plant varieties. Large firms are more price conscious than medium or small firms. The results suggest that growers can enhance their sales by marketing their product directly to landscape architects.
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Yuan, Jingwen, Longlong Zhang, and Chul-Soo Kim. "Multimodal Interaction of MU Plant Landscape Design in Marine Urban Based on Computer Vision Technology." Plants 12, no. 7 (March 23, 2023): 1431. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants12071431.
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At present, there is a growing focus on the landscape and environment of ocean cities, with an increasing demand for improved ecological sustainability and aesthetic appeal. With the emergence of computer vision design technologies such as 3D and VR, people have overcome the limitations of traditional paper-based design materials. Through the use of computer software, various forms of expression, such as drawings and animations, can be produced, thereby meeting the diverse demands for showcasing plant landscapes. The purpose of this paper is to study the design of marine urban (MU) botanical landscapes based on computer vision technology (CVT) and multimodal interaction design (MID) theory, so that the design of MU botanical landscape can meet people’s psychological behavior and visual needs, and at the same time enable people to participate in and experience the landscape, so as to better meet people’s needs for viewing, leisure, and entertainment. At the same time, it is hoped that the research of this paper will play a role in promoting the innovation and development of the concept of MU landscape design (LD) in the future, specifically from two levels of theoretical and practical significance. First, at the level of theoretical research: Based on the theory of MID, this paper explores the application of communication and interaction among humans and between humans and the landscape in the design of MU planting, and tries to explore and summarize the content and methods of interactive LD in marine cities with a theoretical basis and research value. The goal is to both enhance the theoretical level of interactive LD, and also provide new reference for future marine city (MC) LD. Second, at the level of practical application: In the field of LD, the new concept of computer vision is introduced to fully understand the visual needs of people and increase the practicality and pleasantness of the MU landscape, hoping to attract more people to come to play and rest. Through the attraction of MU landscapes to tourists, the design and construction of the landscape no longer focus on its appearance, but rather on the participation and experience of people.
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ÖZHANCI, Esra. "THE COMPONENTS THAT MAKE ATTRACTIVE TO ROCK FORMATION LANDSCAPES: A CASE STUDY IN GOREME/NEVSEHIR." INTERNATIONAL REFEREED JOURNAL OF DESIGN AND ARCHITECTURE, no. 24 (2021): 1–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.17365/tmd.2021.turkey.24.03.
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Aim: There are various types of landscapes in the world and different characteristics that form them. Landscapes that are rare and uniquely distinguish this distinction. The aim of the study is to evaluate the Göreme (Nevşehir) region, which has an extremist landscape with its landforms, natural and cultural history and all its richness, in terms of visual components, and to use the obtained data in order to reveal the value of cultural heritage and to protect the visual integrity within the area and plans for this it is done. Method: In the study, the elements that form the basis of the local landscape are discussed in terms of holistic and fractal structure. The effect of repeated landscape elements on the image, the effects and contributions of other elements were evaluated. These fairy chimneys and rocky formations form the region alone, together with man-made elements integrated with them in the history process. It is not known whether this extrem landscape is only with its natural rocky structure or with the natural and artificial elements in the region to create a whole landscape perception. What these elements are and their effect levels are questioned. Results: Familiarity appeared in sharp rock formations, the image, which received a high score in terms of landscape beauty, has been the landscapes where the topographic structure is at the forefront (M=8,21). Plant presence has increased the appreciation in terms of class (Scene A6, M=7,24), the parts that make up the landscape expressed a high value as a whole and the repeated elements increased the perceptual and visual value. For this purpose, 5 photographs with high representational value and fractal structure of the field were selected. These photographs were presented to the participants in parts and asked to evaluate them. The results obtained by various statistical analyzes were digitized. Conclusions: The structures and environments created by human intervention should be kept as living traces, and the wavy topography should be preserved. The effect of landscape should be strengthened with suitable plant species in active use areas, cultural elements should be carried to the next generations.
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Itambu, Makarius P. "Bed II Phytolith Palaeolandscapes (1.5-1.1 Ma) at Oldupai Gorge, Tanzania." Tanzania Journal of Science 48, no. 3 (September 30, 2022): 649–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/tjs.v48i3.12.
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The primary approach for reconstructing ancient plant landscapes is normally through the analysis of environmental proxy data and ultimately the application of the data from plant micro-remains to infer the vegetation patterns, distribution, and nature of past environments. Phytolith analyses serve as an important tool for identifying different micro-ecological niches in which human activities occurred. They are indicative of certain plant types and vegetation patterns, and the way in which plant landscapes respond to regional climate changes. Hence, in order to understand the ancient plant landscape of the Pleistocene Bed II sites of Oldupai Gorge 1.5 to 1.1 million years ago (Ma), a location inhabited by our early ancestors, the phytoliths research was conducted in order to reconstruct the ancient plant environments of Oldupai’s Bed II sites, namely Sam Howard Korongo (SHK), Thiongo Korongo (TK), and Bell’s Korongo (BK) because there is no enough phytolith data from these upper sections of Bed II. The preliminary results from this study indicate that TK and BK sites’ plant landscape was dominated by arboreal plants.
Keywords: Phytolith, hominin, palaeoecology, palaeoenvironments, palaeolandscape
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Collicutt, L. M., and C. G. Davidson. "LANDSCAPE PLANT IMPROVEMENT FOR COLD CLIMATES." Acta Horticulturae, no. 320 (December 1992): 221–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.1992.320.31.
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Sunusi, S., Supratman, and S. Millang. "Landscape-based multifunctional plant forest management." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 870, no. 1 (October 1, 2021): 012031. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/870/1/012031.
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Zahn, Laura M. "A plant pan-genome immunity landscape." Science 367, no. 6479 (February 13, 2020): 752.1–752. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.367.6479.752-a.
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Weiqi, Li, and Zhou Hanhan. "Research on Plant Landscape Art Design in Modern Urban Landscape Architecture." Journal of Life Sciences and Agriculture 1, no. 2 (June 2024): 50–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.62517/jlsa.202407209.
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In modern urban landscaping, plant landscape design plays a crucial role in protecting the urban ecological environment, improving urban cultural quality, enhancing the quality of life of citizens, and promoting urban economic development. With the development of the times and changes in ideological concepts, the plant landscape design in modern urban gardens has shown a new development trend of paying more attention to understanding the laws of plant evolution, making moderate adjustments in accordance with the laws, and fully protecting the natural characteristics of plants. At present, in order to enhance the artistic design effect of plant landscape in modern urban gardens, strategies such as clear design goals, scientific planning and layout, rational allocation of plants, strengthening ecological design, enhancing citizen participation, and continuous evaluation and improvement can be continuously optimized. This can better meet the needs of modern urban construction.
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Tan, Xuehong, Xinghui Li, and Yunle Peng. "AESTHETIC EVALUATION OF PLANT LANDSCAPE BASED ON PRINCIPAL FACTOR ANALYSIS AND SBE IN WETLAND PARK – A CASE STUDY OF JINLONG LAKE WETLAND PARK (CHINA)." Journal of Environmental Engineering and Landscape Management 29, no. 1 (March 9, 2021): 40–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/jeelm.2021.14367.
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The aesthetic value of 35 plant landscape samples of Jinlong lake wetland park in Xuzhou city of China were evaluated with principal factor analysis and SBE method. The results showed that: The SBE value of 35 plant landscape samples fluctuated greatly and the evaluation value of the principal factor did not change much. The order of SBE mean values of different types was: plant landscape on both sides of the roads > plant landscape beside buildings and surroundings > typical plant community > waterfront plant landscape. The order of value of the principal factor analysis of different types was: plant landscape on both sides of the roads > typical plant community > plant landscape beside buildings and surroundings > waterfront plant landscape. The principal factor evaluation method contained more than 90% information of seven evaluation factors, while the SBE method mainly evaluated from “plant aesthetic factors”. The satisfaction of waterfront plant landscape was low, the transformation of plant landscape should focus on increasing the species of waterfront plants, especially native plants, building natural revetments, creating rich canopy lines.
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Wenjing, Liang, and Nadia Mohd Nasir. "Principles and Practice of Landscape Design: An Application of Traditional Chinese Landscape Painting." Global Journal of Emerging Science, Engineering & Technology 1, no. 1 (May 31, 2023): 12–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.56225/gjeset.v1i1.16.
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As a unique artistic form, traditional Chinese landscape painting has aesthetic value and a close relationship with garden design. This study mainly explores the principles and practices of landscape design based on traditional Chinese landscape painting. Firstly, it introduces the brief history of the development of traditional Chinese landscape painting and its relationship with garden design. Then, it analyzes the characteristics of traditional landscape painting and garden design principles. Then, the application of traditional Chinese landscape painting in landscape design was analyzed, including landscape layout, plant selection, and matching, as well as the design of buildings and structures. In conclusion, applying traditional Chinese principles in modern landscapes presents inherent challenges that demand thoughtful consideration. As contemporary spaces evolve and adapt to changing needs, integrating traditional elements may face obstacles such as conflicting design philosophies, space constraints, and technological advancements. Addressing these challenges requires a nuanced approach that preserves the essence of traditional principles while accommodating the demands of modern living. This section explores strategies and innovative solutions to overcome these challenges and successfully apply traditional principles in the design of modern landscapes.
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Ojala, E., M. Mönkkönen, and J. Inkeröinen. "Epiphytic bryophytes on European aspen Populus tremula in old-growth forests in northeastern Finland and in adjacent sites in Russia." Canadian Journal of Botany 78, no. 4 (April 21, 2000): 529–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b00-023.
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We studied the occurrence and cover of epiphytic bryophytes and one lichen species (Lobaria pulmonaria (L.) Hoffm.) growing on Populus tremula L. trunks. Our aim was to explore the spatial scales where epiphyte species respond to their environment. At the landscape scale, fragmented Finnish old-growth forests close to the Russian border and farther west in a heavily fragmented landscape were compared with Russian sites with more continuous old-growth forest landscapes to assess the effect of landscape structure on epiphyte assemblages. We studied factors affecting populations at the level of individual sites and local habitat patches within the forests. Twelve sites were surveyed for epiphytes. We estimated epiphyte occurrence from 353 Populus tremula trunks. There seemed to be only minor differences in the structure of epiphyte assemblages between the three landscapes surveyed. Species richness varied also independently of the landscape structure but was positively related to regional Populus tremula abundance (alpha diversity) and the size of the substrate trunk (point diversity). At the regional scale, the most important factor affecting the occurrence of epiphytes was the abundance of Populus tremula. At the local scale, the size of the Populus tremula surveyed and tree density around the trunk surveyed correlated positively with the occurrence of some species. The size and abundance of Populus tremula as well as tree density are the most important factors for maintaining viable populations of the studied species.Key words: biodiversity, boreal forest, Bryophyte, forest management, landscape structure, Lobaria pulmonaria.
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Lázaro-Lobo, Adrián, Kristine O. Evans, and Gary N. Ervin. "Evaluating landscape characteristics of predicted hotspots for plant invasions." Invasive Plant Science and Management 13, no. 3 (September 2020): 163–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/inp.2020.21.
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AbstractInvasive species are widely recognized as a major threat to global diversity and an important factor associated with global change. Species distribution models (SDMs) have been widely applied to determine the range that invasive species could potentially occupy, but most examples focus on predictive variables at a single spatial scale. In this study, we simultaneously considered a broad range of variables related to climate, topography, land cover, land use, and propagule pressure to predict what areas in the southeastern United States are more susceptible to invasion by 45 invasive terrestrial plant species. Using expert-verified occurrence points from EDDMapS, we modeled invasion susceptibility at 30-m resolution for each species using a maximum entropy (MaxEnt) modeling approach. We then analyzed how environmental predictors affected susceptibility to invasion at different spatial scales. Climatic and land-use variables, especially minimum temperature of coldest month and distance to developed areas, were good predictors of landscape susceptibility to invasion. For most of the species tested, human-disturbed systems such as developed areas and barren lands were more prone to be invaded than areas that experienced minimal human interference. As expected, we found that landscape heterogeneity and the presence of corridors for propagule dispersal significantly increased landscape susceptibility to invasion for most species. However, we also found a number of species for which the susceptibility to invasion increased in landscapes with large core areas and/or less-aggregated patches. These exceptions suggest that even though we found the expected general patterns for susceptibility to invasion among most species, the influence of landscape composition and configuration on invasion risk is species specific.
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Zhou, Xu Dan, Hao Qi, Yue Qi, Yan Cai, and Li Hong Yang. "Research on Planning of Urban Plant Landscape." Applied Mechanics and Materials 716-717 (December 2014): 537–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.716-717.537.
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With the rapid economic development of our country in the 21th Century, the plant landscape design of city has changed. The scale of plant landscape design in city is improved into more large level gradually in its developing process. In this paper, we explore the green plant landscape ecological design methods and have the analysis of plant landscape situation and existing problems. Combines the city region characteristic property and culture, the arbor is backbone's biological community, abides by law of nature shown by this locality forest plants vegetation zone middle. From a macroscopic planning angle, we make clear and definite the notion of city plant landscape in the level of theoretical research, separate the plant landscape in city from in countryside or in the natural protection area, and reveal the characteristic of plant landscape in city which is a special ecological environment.
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Raupp, Michael, Paula Shrewsbury, John Holmes, and John Davidson. "Plant Species Diversity and Abundance Affects the Number of Arthropod Pests in Residential Landscapes." Arboriculture & Urban Forestry 27, no. 4 (July 1, 2001): 222–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.48044/jauf.2001.024.
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An analysis of data collected from 212 residential landscapes in suburban Maryland, U.S., revealed significant positive relationships between the number of insect and mite pests in the landscape and the total number of plants and plant species at the site. The number of pests in a landscape increased very little in relation to the number of plants found in the landscape. However, the number of arthropod pests increased at a much greater rate as more species of plants were added. Two explanations for these results are likely. Relatively few plants harbored arthropod pests throughout the course of the season. Adding more plants of the same species had little effect on altering the number of pest species in a landscape. Arthropod pests tend to be relatively specialized in their host range. When different species of plants are added to a landscape, more opportunities are created for specialized insects and mites to colonize the site and increase the richness of the arthropod fauna. When used in conjunction with previous investigations involving monitoring approaches, these results help IPM and PHC monitors plan and conduct site inspections more efficiently and effectively.
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Koski, Ronda, and William Jacobi. "Tree Pathogen Survival in Chipped Wood Mulch." Arboriculture & Urban Forestry 30, no. 3 (May 1, 2004): 165–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.48044/jauf.2004.020.
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Uncomposted wood chips are often used as landscape mulches. Chips are commonly derived from landscape trees removed because they were in poor health and often contained plant pests. Chips are also derived from pallets and other wood packing materials that may harbor indigenous and exotic plant pathogens. A study was initiated to determine how long a fungal plant pathogen could survive in uncomposted wood chip mulch in an urban landscape. Thyronectria austroamericana, the causal agent of Thyronectria canker in honeylocust (Gleditsia triacanthos) trees, was used to inoculate branches of honeylocust trees. Cankered branch pieces were placed into mulched areas surrounding honeylocust trees growing under two irrigation regimes. Thyronectria austroamericana recovered from cankered wood pieces after 98 weeks produced cankers when inoculated into branches of honeylocust trees. Irrigation regimes did not affect recovery of the fungus. Cankered wood pieces remained a source of inoculum for 143 weeks after placement in the mulched areas. Due to the longevity of pathogen survival, uncomposted mulch derived from honeylocust trees infected with T. austroamericana should not be placed around honeylocust trees in urban landscapes. Using uncomposted wood chips derived from wood packing materials could increase the risk of introducing exotic plant pathogens to urban landscapes.