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Journal articles on the topic 'Plant lore'
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1
Williams, N. J. A., and Roy Vickery. "A Dictionary of Plant Lore." Béaloideas 64/65 (1996): 400. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/20522486.
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Jones, Tecwyn Vaughan. "A Dictionary of Plant Lore." Folk Life - Journal of Ethnological Studies 34, no. 1 (1995): 106–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/043087795798238316.
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Desmond, Ray, and John E. Raven. "Plants and Plant Lore in Ancient Greece." Garden History 29, no. 2 (2001): 217. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1587373.
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Schultes, Richard Evans. "Conservation of Plant Lore in the Amazon Basin." Arnoldia 46, no. 4 (1986): 52–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.5962/p.258557.
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Poli, DorothyBelle, and Lisa Stoneman. "Drawing New Boundaries: Finding the Origins of Dragons in Carboniferous Plant Fossils." Leonardo 53, no. 1 (2020): 50–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/leon_a_01576.
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Dragons thrive in gaps between and beyond spatial boundaries. Can science help explain their existence? Did humans’ investigation of natural phenomena create bits and pieces of dragon lore across cultures? The researchers used a transdisciplinary lens to reveal data unique among extant dragon origin explanations, including fossil evidence and descriptions of Carboniferous-Period plants, dragon folklore descriptions and locations and geographic correlations between the fossils and folklore. The hypothesis is that early humans came across these fossils, constructed meaning for them contextualized by current knowledge of the natural world and created or enhanced dragon lore narratives.
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Schellenberger, Romain, Jérôme Crouzet, Arvin Nickzad, et al. "Bacterial rhamnolipids and their 3-hydroxyalkanoate precursors activate Arabidopsis innate immunity through two independent mechanisms." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 118, no. 39 (2021): e2101366118. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2101366118.
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Plant innate immunity is activated upon perception of invasion pattern molecules by plant cell-surface immune receptors. Several bacteria of the genera Pseudomonas and Burkholderia produce rhamnolipids (RLs) from l-rhamnose and (R)-3-hydroxyalkanoate precursors (HAAs). RL and HAA secretion is required to modulate bacterial surface motility, biofilm development, and thus successful colonization of hosts. Here, we show that the lipidic secretome from the opportunistic pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa, mainly comprising RLs and HAAs, stimulates Arabidopsis immunity. We demonstrate that HAAs are sensed by the bulb-type lectin receptor kinase LIPOOLIGOSACCHARIDE-SPECIFIC REDUCED ELICITATION/S-DOMAIN-1-29 (LORE/SD1-29), which also mediates medium-chain 3-hydroxy fatty acid (mc-3-OH-FA) perception, in the plant Arabidopsis thaliana. HAA sensing induces canonical immune signaling and local resistance to plant pathogenic Pseudomonas infection. By contrast, RLs trigger an atypical immune response and resistance to Pseudomonas infection independent of LORE. Thus, the glycosyl moieties of RLs, although abolishing sensing by LORE, do not impair their ability to trigger plant defense. Moreover, our results show that the immune response triggered by RLs is affected by the sphingolipid composition of the plasma membrane. In conclusion, RLs and their precursors released by bacteria can both be perceived by plants but through distinct mechanisms.
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Nieves-Rivera, Á. M., and D. A. White. "Ethnomycological notes. II. Meteorites and fungus lore." Mycologist 20, no. 1 (2006): 22–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mycol.2005.11.009.
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Ramakrishna, Nagilla, and K. M. Ranjalkar. "Ethnobotany of Selected Medicinal Plants Documented at Adilabad District Telangana State, India." International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences 12, no. 5 (2023): 233–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2023.1205.028.
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The life of the Folk lore is intimately connected with the plants in their day-to-day activities. They are dependent on the plants for their food, clothes, shelter, medicine, beverages, binding material, oils, resins, etc. The paper deals with the indigenous Traditional medicinal knowledge of local Folk lore people of medicinal plants used to cure various diseases and ailments available in reserver forest areas Adilabad district. Telangana state. A total of 249 plant species belonging to 78 families are documented. The ethnobotanical data obtained from local inhabitants revealed that 113 diseases find curative chemical constituents in 249 plant species.
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Cull, John T. "On Reading Fuentes: Plant Lore, Sex, and Death in "Aura"." Chasqui 18, no. 2 (1989): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/29740176.
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Manandhar, N. P. "Medicinal plant-lore of Tamang tribe of Kabhrepalanchok district, Nepal." Economic Botany 45, no. 1 (1991): 58–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02860050.
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Kaushal, Kumar, and D. K. Upreti. "Parmelia spp. (lichens) in ancient medicinal plant lore of India." Economic Botany 55, no. 3 (2001): 458–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02866567.
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Małolepszy, Anna, Terry Mun, Niels Sandal, et al. "The LORE 1 insertion mutant resource." Plant Journal 88, no. 2 (2016): 306–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/tpj.13243.
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Suni, Muhammad Adam, Muhammad Darmawan Basoka, Muhammad Rafiq, et al. "Spatial Analysis of Changes in Normalization Differences Vegetation Index in Protected Forest Areas of South Lore District, Poso Regency." Journal of Information Systems and Informatics 5, no. 4 (2023): 1288–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.51519/journalisi.v5i4.577.
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Detection of changes in vegetation density generally uses the vegetation index parameter. The value of the vegetation index can provide information on the proportion of vegetation cover, live plant index, plant biomass, cooling capacity, and estimation of carbon dioxide absorption. This study aims to analyze changes in the level of vegetation density using Sentinel 2-A imagery in the protected forest area of South Lore District. This study used the method of calculating the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) to identify changes in density over 5 years. The results of the NDVI analysis are the largest in the range of -0.92960 to 0.871725. The vegetation density class in the Protected Forest Area of South Lore District in 2017 is in the dense class with an area of 15,322.24 Ha or around 47.66%, while the smallest in the non-vegetation class, which is 103.11 Ha or 0.32%, while the largest vegetation density class is in the Protected Forest Area of South Lore District in 2022, namely in the medium/quite dense class with an area of 19,948.18 Ha or 62.01% while the smallest in the non-vegetation class of 219.17 Ha or 0.68%. The largest increase in area was in the moderate/quite dense class of 4,892.33 Ha or 15.20% while the largest decrease in area was in the dense class with an area of 6,651.16 Ha or 20.67% of the total area of the Protected Forest Area of South Lore District.
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Tucker, Elizabeth. "Child life in colonial days and Honeysuckle skipping: The plant lore of childhood." International Journal of Play 7, no. 3 (2018): 338–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21594937.2018.1532727.
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Coe, Felix G., and Gregory J. Anderson. "Ethnobotany of the Sumu (Ulwa) of southeastern Nicaragua and comparisons with Miskitu plant lore." Economic Botany 53, no. 4 (1999): 363–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02866715.
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Aprenesya, Jamarlia, Puji Ardiningsih, and Rudiyansyah. "Senyawa Isoflavonoid dari Akar Gitaan (Willughbeia coriacea Wall.)." Jurnal Riset Kimia 15, no. 1 (2024): 89–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.25077/jrk.v15i1.686.
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Gitaan (Willughbeia coriacea Wall.) is an endemic plant that grows wild in the forests of Kalimantan. Traditionally, parts of this plant have been applied for fork-lore medication in Dayak tribe. However, scarce information both for secondary metabolites and biological activities of this plant has been reported, especially for flavonoids. This research was conducted to determine structure of flavonoid from ethyl acetate fraction of gitaan roots by spectroscopy analysis. The ethyl acetate fraction was purified by several chromatography techiques in order to isolate compound 1. On the basis of NMR analysis including DART-HRMS data and comparison with literature, an isoflavonoid obtained from the ethyl acetate fraction of gitaan roots is formononetin.
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Schweinfurth, Ulrich, and Joachim Sterly. "Simbu Plant-Lore. Plants Used by the People in the Central Highlands of New Guinea." Mountain Research and Development 18, no. 4 (1998): 360. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3674102.
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Lellinger, David B., and Lin Dunbar. "Ferns of the Coastal Plain: Their Lore, Legends, and Uses." American Fern Journal 79, no. 4 (1989): 135. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1547189.
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ARNOLD, DAVID. "Plant Capitalism and Company Science: The Indian Career of Nathaniel Wallich." Modern Asian Studies 42, no. 5 (2008): 899–928. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0026749x0700296x.
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AbstractThe career of the Danish-born botanist Nathaniel Wallich, superintendent of the Calcutta Botanic Garden from 1815 to 1846, illustrates the complex nature of botanical science under the East India Company and shows how the plant life of South Asia was used as a capital resource both in the service of the Company's economic interests and for Wallich's own professional advancement and international reputation. Rather than seeing him as a pioneer of modern forest conservation or an innovative botanist, Wallich's attachment to the ideology of ‘improvement’ and the Company's material needs better explain his longevity as superintendent of the Calcutta garden. Although aspects of Wallich's career and botanical works show the importance of circulation between Europe and India, more significant was the hierarchy of knowledge in which indigenous plant lore and illustrative skill were subordinated to Western science and in which colonial science frequently lagged behind that of the metropolis.
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Schmid, Rudolf, and H. McGee. "On Food and Cooking: The Science and Lore of the Kitchen." Taxon 38, no. 3 (1989): 446. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1222284.
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Muhardi and Effendy. "Cocoa farming patterns for sustainability of Indonesia Lore Lindu National Park (LLNP)." Australian Journal of Crop Science 11, no. 08 (2017): 917–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.21475/ajcs.17.11.08.pne34.
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Gajula, Prabhakar, Kamalakar Palakurthy, and Shailaja Kusuma. "PHARMACOGNOSTIC STUDIES ON LEAVES OF GYMNANTHEMUM AMYGDALINUM WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO A NEW ADDITION TO THE FLORA OF SOUTH INDIA." Indian Drugs 59, no. 06 (2022): 37–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.53879/id.59.06.13008.
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There has been a tremendous increase in the demand for plant-based drugs over the last several years. Due to this, there is a need for standardization of the plant raw materials. Although modern techniques are being widely used for the standardization process, the pharmacognostic approach is still reliable for identifying the raw material. The current study deals with a detailed investigation of macro-and micromorphological characters, powder characteristics, organoleptic characters, HPTLC fingerprinting and preliminary phytochemical analysis on the leaves of Gymnanthemum amygdalinum. It belongs to the family Compositae. Commonly known as a bitter leaf, in Telugu “sugarchettu” it is found throughout Bihar, Madhya Pradesh, Odisha, West Bengal and has been recently reported in Sriramagiri Village, Mahabubababad District, Telangana, South India. The leaves are used ethnomedicinally and in folk-lore medicine, as antidiabetic and in treatment of gastritis and hepatitis. The present work can serve as a useful tool in identifying, authentication and standardization of the plant material and quality control in the pharmaceutical industry.
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Pitopang, Ramadanil, Endang Lestari, PUTI ANDALUSIA SARIGANDO Banilai, and Wahyu Harso. "FITOKIMIA, DAN AKTIFITAS ANTIBAKTERI DARI Etlingera sublimata Poulsen (ZINGIBERACEAE), TUMBUHAN ENDEMIK SULAWESI." Biocelebes 16, no. 2 (2022): 79–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.22487/bioceb.v16i2.15957.
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The research entitled "Phytochemical Screening and antibacterial activity of Etlingera sublimata Poulsen (Zingiberaceae), an Endemic Sulawesi of Plants was conducted from January 2020 to June 2020, at the Plant Biosystematics Laboratory and Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Tadulako University. Samples of E. sublimata were collected from the mountane forests of the Lore Lindu National Park (LLNP), arround Sedoa village, Lore Utara District, Poso Regency The objectives of the research were to analyze the secondary metabolite compounds in E. sublimata plants and to determine the antibacterial activity of E. sublimata leaves extract in againts Salmonella thypii bacteria. Plant samples were extracted by maceration methods with 96% ethanol as a solvent. Actibacterial activity was tested by using agar well diffusion methods. The experiment was designed by Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with seven different concentration of E. sublimata extract (15, 25, 50, 75 and 85%). Extract and standard drugs were prepared in double-distilated water using Nutrient Agar tubes. 2% Chloramphenicol as standard drugs was used as a positive control and sterile aquadest was used as a negative control. The inhibition zone of bacteria and yeast growth around the disk was measured after 18 to 24 h incubation at 37°C. The results showed that the stem contains alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids, tannins and saponins. The rhizome containts alkaloid, flavonoids, terpenoids, tannins and saponins, the flowers containts alkaloid, terpenoids and tannins, while the leaves containts tannin and saponin compounds. Leaves extract of E.sublimata has inhibition activity on the cell growth a pathogenic Salmonella thypi bacteria that the effective extract concentration was 50% with an average inhibition zone 2.67 mm.
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Tiwari, Sarika Sharma, Shailesh K. Gupta, Sumeet Dwivedi, and Raghvendra Dubey. "Formulation and evaluation of in situ herbal gel containing aqueous and methanolic extract of fruits of Quercus infectoria Oliv. for vaginal application." Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics 8, no. 5 (2018): 495–503. http://dx.doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v8i5.1913.
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Conventional vaginal dosage forms frequently produce leakages and drip. There is a need for the development of innovative vaginal formulation technology that fulfills certain criteria such as desirable product dispersion throughout the vagina, retention for intended intervals, and adequate release of drug. These features can be achieved by the use of bioadhesive based novel delivery systems. In-situ gelation is a process of gel formation at the site of application after the composition or formulation has been applied the site. Formulation and evaluation of one such bioadhesive based novel drug delivery system for an effective and patient friendly use of an antifungal drug to formulated In-situ gel. Quercus infectoria is medicinally important plant grown wildly in India and is useful in the treatment of fungal and microbial infection by tribal’s of India. The plant is used by tribal women to treat vaginal infection as mentioned in folk-lore. Therefore, the present plant as selected to formulate in-situ herbal gel using Quercus infectoria as active ingredients for the treatment of vaginal infection.
 Keywords: Herbal Gels, Quercus infectoria, bioadhesive, vaginal drug delivery
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M, Gnanasri, Bharathiraja N, Mangaleshwari R, Nagalingam M, and Ramkumar A. "Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities Along with Physico-Chemical Studies of Medicinal Plant HYGROPHILA AURICULATA." Bulletin of Scientific Research 5, no. 1 (2023): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.54392/bsr2311.
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India has a significant opportunity to contribute to the growing global demand for medicinal and aromatic plant products. Plants have been used for long as medicine by humans, seeing back to prehistoric eras. Among the ancient civilization’s, India have been known to be rich renowned as a rich source of medicinal herbs. Ayurveda, Siddha, Unani and Folk lore (tribal) medicines are the major systems of indigenous medicines. Among these systems, Ayurveda is most developed and widely practiced in world wide. Green plants have been synthesized and preserved a variety of secondary metabolites and phytochemical products. The medicinal plant Hygrophila auriculata belonging to Acanthaceae family and generally presents in aquatic area. It is a rare and endemic species all over the countries; the plant has been used to treat various diseases and disorders. Extracts and bioactive compounds from the plant have been found to possess antimicrobial, anthelmintic, antitermite, nephroprotective, hepatoprotective, central nervous system protective, antitumour, antidiabetic, anticataract, antioxidant, haematopoietic, diuretic, antinociceptive, anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, antimotility, aphrodisiac, neuroprotection, anti-endotoxin and anti-urolithiatic activities. In this study focused the preliminary tests are antibacterial activity for MIC, antioxidant scavenging activity using DPPH, FRAP, ABTS and Hydrogen peroxide activities, and qualitative and quantitative analysis phytochemicals and physical parameter evaluation for study plant.
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Millang, Alwi. "EKSPLORASI Actinomycetes SEBAGAI KANDIDAT ANTIBAKTERI PATOGEN YANG RESISTEN DARI RHIZOSFER TUMBUHAN LEDA (Eucalyptus deglupta Blume.) DI TAMAN NASIONAL LORE LINDU, INDONESIA." Biocelebes 14, no. 3 (2020): 253–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.22487/bioceb.v14i3.15310.
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Actinomycetes that live in the rhizosphere of the Leda plant (Eucalyptus deglupta Blume.) Have the potential to produce pathogenic antibacterial compounds in humans. The ecosystems thought to be inhabited by Actinomycetes that produce pathogenic antibacterial compounds in humans is the rhizosphere of Leda endemic plant in the Lore Lindu National Park, Central Sulawesi. The purpose of this study was to isolate various isolates of Leda plant rhizosphere Actinomycetes in TNLL as a producer of pathogenic antibacterial compounds in humans. This research is divided into several stages. The first stage was sampling, isolation, and screening of Actinomycetes producing human pathogenic antibacterial compounds. Rhizosphere soil samples were taken by purposive sampling method combined with the quadrant method by measuring various environmental factors. The second stage is a selection to analyze the potential and efficacy of Actinomycetes isolates as producing antibacterial compounds against pathogenic bacteria in humans.
 The results showed that the condition of Leda plant vegetation in the Anaso-Rorekatimbu area was generally the same for each spot and supported the presence of Actinomycetes. The density of Actinomycetes is relatively the same for each spot. As many as 15 isolates were isolated from the Leda rhizosphere of Actinomycetes. Based on spore morphological and biochemical characterization, the 15 isolates were included in the Genus Streptomyces. Actinomycetes isolates L213, L433, and L411 were the most potent isolates and had broad-spectrum inhibition, because they were able to inhibit the four test bacteria S. aureus, MRSA, V. cholera, and EPEC.
 
 Keywords: Actinomycetes, Eucalyptus deglupta Blume., and pathogenic antibacterial
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Hapid, Abdul, Mery Napitupulu, and Muhammad Sulaiman Zubair. "Ethnopharmacology and Antioxidant Activity Studies of Woody Liana Original Wallacea." International Journal of Design & Nature and Ecodynamics 16, no. 5 (2021): 495–503. http://dx.doi.org/10.18280/ijdne.160503.
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Lore Lindu National Park is a habitat located in the middle of the Wallacea Region, consisting of various types of medicinal plants, including lianas. This area is surrounded by the Kaili Tribe, which possesses adequate ethnopharmacology knowledge and local wisdom in managing living natural resources. Studies on the medicinal plant species of lianas original Wallacea have not been conducted. Therefore, this study aims to reveal Kaili’s ethnopharmacology of woody liana plants and identify the metabolic content and antioxidant activity. This study was carried out at the Lore Lindu National Park with the purposive and snowball sampling methods used to determine the respondents. Furthermore, the Harborne and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) methods were used to analyze the phytochemical content and antioxidant activities. The results showed that the Kaili people used the lianas Poikilospermum suaveolens (Blume) Merr, Arcangelisia Flava (L.) Merr, Fibrauea Tinctoria Lour, and Maclura cochinchinensis (Lour.) Corner are medicine for treating various types of chronic diseases. The plant's bark and wood are used as medicine by processing boiled/brewed hot water, or by pounded, and smeared over the wound. The phytochemical analysis results showed that alkaloids are contained in all types of lianas, while flavonoids and tannins are found only in 3 types. Meanwhile, the P. suaveolens contained saponin, A. flava bark extract has potential to be developed as an antioxidant.
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Priya, Malishetty Vishnu, Noorunnisa Begum, Madiga Bheemalingappa, and Mudavath Chennakesavulu Naik. "Systematic Approach and Ethno Botanical Importance of Plants - Sugali Tribe inhabitants of Adilabad and Komaram Bheem Asifabad Districts, Telangana State, India." European Journal of Theoretical and Applied Sciences 1, no. 4 (2023): 643–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.59324/ejtas.2023.1(4).59.
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The preliminary investigations of Systematic Approach and Ethno Botanical Importance of Plants used by Sugali Tribe inhabitants of Adilabad and Komaram Bheem Asifabad district, Telangana State, India with their recipes, preparation of drugs, administration, and usage form several centuries. The Sugali tribe possessing rich folklore information forms the prime source and exists scope to extend scientific research in further isolation and characterization of active principle involved in the pharmacological utility. The folklore claims were conducted and collaborated with phyto-chemical evidences of the respective crude drugs. Keeping in view of the fact potential source of medicinal plants of folklore origin need to be preserved and conserved. 74 crude drugs (species) belong to 63 genera and 29 families were collected based on folk-lore knowledge. The pattern of the plant use as per habitat (terrestrial, aquatic/epiphytes), habit (growth form), plant part (tissue) and taxonomic category (Systematically families), nativity and occurrence (wild/cultivated) were established.
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Dana, Michael N. "“NATIVE PLANTS OF INDIANA”: VIDEOS FOR INSTRUCTION AND EXTENSION." HortScience 26, no. 6 (1991): 787H—788. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.26.6.787h.
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Interest in native plant species for general landscape planting, mitigation of environmental impact and ecological restoration plantings continues to expand with public awareness of environmental quality. An expanding area of opportunity exists for the landscape horticulture industry to supply non-traditional plant materials to support landscape planting with native species. To capitalize on the opportunity, horticulture and landscape architecture students and practitioners must become knowledgeable of species native to their region. Video is a useful medium for increasing such knowledge. This presentation will review the development, production, distribution and content of six video programs that survey the native herbaceous flora of Indiana prairies and woodlands. Each program is less than 30 minutes in length, to facilitate classroom use and presentation in broadcast formats. Botanically correct nomenclature is presented graphically as each species is introduced. The narration includes botanical, ecological and horticultural information, but emphasizes plant lore to increase interest for general audiences and provide memory clues for those attempting to learn the plants. This project, supported by the Indiana Association of Nurserymen, provides a good example of how horticultural industries can become leaders as the public expands its demand for improved environmental quality.
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Sarpaki, Anaya. "The Archaeology of Garlic (Allium Sativum)." Documenta Praehistorica 48 (November 25, 2021): 432–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4312/dp.48.20.
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Recent finds of garlic from Late Bronze Age Akrotiri, Thera have led to research related to the historical, economic and social aspects of its use in the archaeological narrative. Garlic is an important domesticated plant in our lore, medicine, mythology, cooking, and ethnography, and is now ubiquitous in everyday use. Previously, we knew of its importance in historical periods, especially since Roman times, when its use extended to all of Europe and beyond. Archaeobotanical investigations have extended the prehistoric and historical knowledge of this crop, providing some evidence as to how it was regarded, what were its possible uses and its changing status, diachronically. Here, therefore, it is an attempt to provide an overview of the related archaeological finds and, briefly, its references in ancient texts.
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KV, Ramya Krishna, T. Shridhara Bairy, Sunil Kumar KN, and Sudhakar. "Characterization of pharmacognostical and preliminary phytochemical features of seeds of a Folk Plant - Gnetum ula Brongn." Journal of Ayurvedic and Herbal Medicine 2, no. 5 (2016): 171–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.31254/jahm.2016.2505.
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Ayurveda opines that every plant has its own medicinal values, but there are many less explored plants which are not popular though beneficial either as food or as medicine. But this knowledge is passed from tradition to tradition in folk lore practices but within a few groups of a society. One such plant from gymnosperm group is Gnetum ula Brongn. (Gnetaceae) found commonly in and around Udupi. Locally known as kumti beeja, the plant is dioecious, branched woody climber. Seeds are roasted or boiled and consumed as food and the seed oil is used in rheumatism by folk practitioners. On account of these utilities of this less explored plant material, a detailed pharmacognostical study including macro and microscopy. Seed is enclosed by 3 layer envelope, outer fleshy and fibrous sarcotesta, hard sclerotesta and inner endosperm with two cotyledons having an embryo. Inner cotyledon contained of large parenchyma cells containing aleurone grains and starch. Preliminary phytochemical study of the seed revealed the presence of alkaloids, saponins, tannins, resin etc. HPTLC photo documentation showed a single spot under short UV, 4 spots under long UV and 3 spots under white light after derivatisation with vanillin sulphuric acid reagent. Results of this study can be utilized for identification of the drug as well as systematic document on purity standards of this extra pharmacopoeial drug.
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Pooja K., Salve, Kadam Akash P., Irmale Ajay R., Wadekar Vaishali N, and Chondekar Ramesh. "Antiurolithiatic Activity of Casaurina equisetifolia Leaf Mediated Nanoparticles." International Journal of Zoological Investigations 08, no. 02 (2022): 21–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.33745/ijzi.2022.v08i02.004.
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Urolithiasis is a complex process that occurs from series of several physiochemical event including supersaturation, nucleation, growth, aggregation and retention with the kidneys. Data from in vitro, in vivo and clinical trials reveals that phytotherapeutic agents could be useful as either alternative or an adjunct therapy in the management of urolithiasis. Casaurina equisetifolia have been reported to possess antiurolithiatic property by various folk lore practitioners. The in vitro antiurolithiatic study of the whole plant of C. equisetifolia through titrimetric and turbidity method was performed to check their potential in dissolving calcium oxalate crystals using Neeri as a standard compound. The aqueous extract and alcoholic extract of Gamma treated samples showed relatively higher dissolution of 70% of stones. Alcoholic extract of NPs and Gamma treated samples showed more dissolution than aqueous extract.
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Sasidharan, Hima, Suma Venkatesh Mallya, Prabhu Suchitra, and Koppala Narayana Sunil Kumar. "In-vitro evaluation of Scoparia dulcis Linn. for anti – urolithiatic activity." Journal of Phytopharmacology 7, no. 3 (2018): 285–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.31254/phyto.2018.7309.
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Introduction: Urolithiasis is a complex process that occurs from series of several physicochemical event including super-saturation, nucleation, growth, aggregation and retention within the kidneys. Data from invitro, in- vivo and clinical trials reveal that phytotherapeutic agents could be useful as either alternative or an adjunct therapy in the management of Urolithiasis. Scoparia dulcis (L.) have been reported to possess antiurolithiatic property by various folk lore practitioners. Methods: The in- vitro antiurolithiatic study of the whole plant of S. dulcis (L). through titrimetric and turbidity method to check their potential in dissolving calcium oxalate crystals using Cystone as the standard compound Result: The aqueous extract showed relatively higher dissolution of 66.96% of stones than the alcoholic extract. The turbidity showed by the alcohol extract and the aqueous extract of test drug (S. dulcis (L).) was highly significant compared to the standard (Cystone)
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Motti, Riccardo. "Wild Plants Used as Herbs and Spices in Italy: An Ethnobotanical Review." Plants 10, no. 3 (2021): 563. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants10030563.
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Wild edible plants are an essential component of people’s diets in the Mediterranean basin. In Italy, ethnobotanical surveys have received increasing attention in the past two centuries, with some of these studies focusing on wild edible plants. In this regard, the literature in Italy lacks the coverage of some major issues focusing on plants used as herbs and spices. I searched national journals for articles on the use of wild food plants in Italy, published from 1963 to 2020. Aims of the present review were to document plant lore regarding wild herbs and spices in Italy, identify the wild plants most frequently used as spices, analyze the distribution of wild herbs and spices used at a national scale, and finally, to describe the most common phytochemical compounds present in wild plant species. Based on the 34 studies reviewed, I documented 78 wild taxa as being used in Italy as herbs or spices. The studies I included in this systematic review demonstrate that wild species used as herbs and spices enrich Italian folk cuisine and can represent an important resource for profitable, integrated local small-scale activities.
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Motti, Riccardo, Bruno Paura, Alessia Cozzolino, and Bruna de Falco. "Edible Flowers Used in Some Countries of the Mediterranean Basin: An Ethnobotanical Overview." Plants 11, no. 23 (2022): 3272. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants11233272.
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Edible flowers are becoming an essential component of people’s nutrition in the Mediterranean basin. In the last decades, many researchers also have focused their attention on the nutritional composition of the edible flowers, as well as their antioxidant and antimicrobial properties, including studies on their safety issues. Despite the growing interest in the use of flowers in human nutrition, the ethnobotanical literature is lacking coverage of some important issues, particularly those which concern the use of flowers in the folk tradition. Only recently, a review regarding the contribution of 32 edible flowers to the Mediterranean diet was published. The aim of the present review is to document the plant lore regarding the wild and cultivated edible flowers consumed in the Mediterranean basin. Based on the 112 studies reviewed, we documented 251 taxa as being used in the Mediterranean basin as edible flowers. The plant species belong to 45 families and 141 genera. Asteraceae (54 taxa) is the most frequently cited family. Sambucus nigra L. is the most cited species. This study can be the basis for future research on the supposed bioactivity and toxicity of wild and cultivated flowers.
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Bedner, Adriaan, Joachim Sterly, H. J. M. Claessen, et al. "Book Reviews." Bijdragen tot de taal-, land- en volkenkunde / Journal of the Humanities and Social Sciences of Southeast Asia 155, no. 1 (1999): 145–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22134379-90003883.
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- Adriaan Bedner, Joachim Sterly, Simbu plant-lore; Plants used by the people in the Central Highlands of New Guinea; Volume 1: The people and their plant-lore; Volume 2: Botanical survey of Simbu plants; Volume 3: Ethnographical key. Berlin: Dietrich Reimer Verlag, 1997, 23 9 + 323 + 275 pp. - H.J.M. Claessen, Jan Rensel, Home in the islands; Housing and social change in the Pacific. Honolulu: University of Hawai’i Press, 1997, vii + 264 pp., Margaret Rodman (eds.) - Peter van Eeuwijk, Norbert Kohnen, Traditionelle Medizin auf den Philippinen; Angstbewältigung und kognition bei Krankheiten. Stuttgart: Steiner, 1992, 396 pp. [Beiträge zur Südasienforschung 154.] - C.D. Grijns, William A. Smalley, Linguistic diversity and national unity; Language ecology in Thailand. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1994, xv + 436 pp. - Nico Kaptein, Ulrike Freitag, Hadhrami traders, scholars, and statesmen in the Indian Ocean, 1750s-1960s. Leiden: Brill, 1997, x + 392 pp., William G. Clarence-Smith (eds.) - Elsbeth Locher-Scholten, Raden Ajeng Kartini, On feminism and nationalism; Kartini’s letters to Stella Zeehandelar 1899-1903, translated and with an introduction by Joost Coté. Clayton, Victoria: Monash Asia Instiute, Monash University, xxiii + 129 pp. - Alison Murray, L. Manderson, Sites of desire, economies of pleasure: Sexualities in Asia and the Pacific. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1997, xii + 367 pp., M. Jolly (eds.) - Chris Penders, Harry A. Poeze, Politiek-Politioneele Overzichten van Nederlandsch-Indië, Deel IV, 1935-1941. Leiden: KITLV Uitgeverij, 1994, xciv + 485 pp. - Kathryn Robinson, Henk Schulte Nordholt, The spell of power; A history of Balinese politics 1650-1940. Leiden: The KITLV Press, 1996, ix + 389 pp. [VKI 170.] - Eric Tagliacozzo, Carl A. Trocki, Gangsters, democracy, and the state in Southeast Asia. Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Southeast Asia Program, 1998, 94 pp. [Cornell University Southeast Asia Program Publication 17.] - Gerard Termorshuizen, Tom van den Berge, Karel Frederick Holle; Theeplanter in Indië, 1829-1896. Amsterdam: Bert Bakker, 1998, 307 pp. - Lourens de Vries, Tom E. Dutton, Koiari. München: Lincom Europa, 1996, 77 pp. [Languages of the World/Materials 10]. - Lourens de Vries, Bruce M. Knauft, South coast New Guinea cultures; History, comparison, dialectic. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1993, xiii + 298 pp.
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Lysenko, T. M., V. Yu Neshatayeva, and Z. V. Dutova. "Geobotanical studies at the Caucasus: a review of materials of the International Conference “Flora and conservation in the Caucasus: history and current state of knowledge” (Pyatigorsk, May 22–25, 2019)." Vegetation of Russia, no. 36 (October 12, 2019): 91–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.31111/vegrus/2019.36.91.
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The International conference “Flora and conservation in the Caucasus: history and current state of knowledge” dedicated to the 130-year anniversary of the Perkalsky Arboretum took place at 22–25 of May 2019 in Pyatigorsk (Stavropol Territory) on the base of the Pyatigorsk Museum of local lore and natural history. The participants were from 11 cities of Russia and 7 Republics of the Caucasus and represented 14 institutions. Proceedings of the conference were published by the beginning of the meeting the book of abstracts includes 49 papers on the study of vascular plants, bryophytes, lichens and fungi, plant communities, as well as the protection of rare and endangered species, unique plant communities, and ecological problems in the Caucasus. The following geobotanical topics were highlighted in 13 papers: forest communities (3 reports), meadow and steppe vegetation (2), xeric open forests (2), communities of ecotone areas (1), structure of populations of rare plant species (3), as well as the history and current status of nature protected areas (2). The great emphasis has been focused on the study of floristic composition and plant populations. Thus, the conference showed that very few studies от vegetation are currently carried out in the Caucasus, and a lot of districts are not affected by the research. The greatest attention is paid to forest vegetation while meadow, steppe, alpine heath and xerophytic communities are studied rather poorly. Besides, there are “white spots” — mire, floodplain and aquatic vegetation. In nowadays, when the anthropogenic impact on the plant cover of the Caucasus is intensively increasing, it is especially important to study natural undisturbed communities preserved in protected natural areas. Another important issue is the conservation of the unique vegetation cover of the whole Caucasus. Thus, the study of vegetation of this region opens a wide field for researchers using various methods of modern plant science.
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Adhikari, Mahendra, Rashmi Thapa, Ripu Mardhan Kunwar, Hari Prasad Devkota, and Prakash Poudel. "Ethnomedicinal Uses of Plant Resources in the Machhapuchchhre Rural Municipality of Kaski District, Nepal." Medicines 6, no. 2 (2019): 69. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicines6020069.
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Background: Medicinal plants are being used by the majority of the population throughout the world for their primary health care needs. The reliance is also prevalent in Nepal, aided by its ethnic and biological diversity. This study aimed to catalogue the ethnomedicinal knowledge of plants used by local people of Machhapuchchhre Rural Municipality of Kaski district. Methods: Data were collected between February 2017 and April 2018 from eight different villages of the Kaski district by using semi-structured interviews, guided field works, focus group discussions, and in-depth interviews. The reported traditional uses were supported by local assistants, cataloguing vernacular names and crosschecking with the earlier published and gray literature. Results: A total of 105 medicinal plants, belonging to 58 families and 99 genera were documented to treat 70 different diseases and ailments. The highest numbers of plants (37) were used for gastrointestinal disorders and the lowest (4) were used for female genital disorders. Commonly used parts were underground portions (28 species) followed by fruits and seeds (25 species each). The most preferred dosage form was juice, used for 50 ailments, and the oral route was the most favored route of administration (77 species). The medicinal properties of 22 plant species were found hitherto unreported in the district. Conclusions: The study area was found to be rich in plant resources and the people have ample knowledge on the use of medicinal plants. Due to a lack of proper documentation, conservation, and cultivation practices, valuable plant species are at risk of extinction. Thus, appropriate conservation measures and scientific assessment of plant-lore in the district is immediately required.
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Liutova, S. N., and I. I. Dronova. "Yury Nagibin and shadows of the Niernsee House." Voprosy literatury, no. 3 (July 29, 2020): 42–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.31425/0042-8795-2020-3-42-60.
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The article reveals the names of the prototypes of certain characters in Nagibin’s long story My Golden Mother-in-Law [Moya zolotaya tyoshcha] (the mother-in-law being A. Likhachyova, the wife of the director of the Moscow Car Manufacturing Plant ZIL). For the first time we read the names and learn about the destiny of M. and L. Kostromin, the real people behind the characters of Matvey Matveevich, the neighbour, and Nina Petrovna, the female protagonist’s best friend. The life story of these personalities, residents of the legendary Niernsee House in Bolshoy Gnezdnikovsky Lane, enables the authors, who are related to L. Kostromina, to explain the underpinnings of the relationships between the prototypes of Nagibin’s characters, often a mystery for the writer himself, and share first-hand accounts that confirm his amazing flair for imagination. The article uses materials of family lore, the authors’ private archive (letters and photographs), as well as hitherto unsearched materials from state archives.
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O., DREER, and TSELISHCHEVA M. "CAST-IRON BAS-RELIEF WITH THE IMAGE OF AKINFIY DEMIDOV FROM THE ALTAI STATE MUSEUM OF LOCAL LORE: AN EXHIBIT WITH TWO CENTURIES OF HISTORY." Preservation and study of the cultural heritage of the Altai Territory 29 (2023): 25–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.14258/2411-1503.2023.29.04.
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The cast-iron bas-relief of the mining founder in Altai, Akinfiy Nikitich Demidov, is an exhibit of Altai State Museum of Local Lore. During the study, the authors found that the original cast-iron bas-relief of A.N. Demidov is a marble bas-relief made by the outstanding Russian sculptor F.I. Shubin. The basis for the bas-relief was a portrait of A.N. Demidov by Georg Christoph Grooth. In the Nizhny Tagil Museum-Preserve “Gornozavodskoy Ural” (Metallurgical Ural), there is a bronze bas-relief cast from the marble original made by the serf sculptor T.S. Sizov. Archives showed that the cast-iron bas-relief was made in Nizhny Tagil from the same form as a bronze bas-relief. P.K. Frolov delivered it into Barnaul in 1819. The theory that the cast-iron bas-relief was made at the Guryevsky plant is erroneous. The version that said the bas-relief was installed on the monument to the 100th anniversary of mining in Altai did not confirm.
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Fallon, Breann. "“I am Mother to my Plants”." Fieldwork in Religion 13, no. 2 (2018): 169–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1558/firn.36021.
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The tree stands as a sacred symbol in many faith traditions. Unsurprisingly, nature-based new religious movements are no exception. This article considers the manifestation of sacred trees in a number of religious traditions, including Australian Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander spirituality, Abrahamic traditions, Ancient Egyptian religion, Buddhism, Hinduism, Norse mythology, the Shinto faith, and nature-based new religious movements. After this initial section, I present the findings of a fieldwork project undertaken in 2016. Using the survey as a tool, this project enquired into the use of trees, plants, and private gardens among practitioners from nature-based new religious movements. This survey makes use of both quantitative and qualitative survey methods, having been distributed to various nature-based new religious movements in New Zealand, Australia, Europe, the United States, and the United Kingdom. Despite extensive tree lore, these survey results present the tree as a peripheral plant in the practitioners' everyday practice, with the garden as a whole being more critical than any single variety of vegetation.
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Lakani, Irwan, Jusriadi, Nur Edi, and Axel Riyadi Tampa’i. "Resistance testing of several genotypes of Kamba Local Paddy (Oryzae sativa L.) to leaf blight caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1253, no. 1 (2023): 012053. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1253/1/012053.
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Abstract One of the important diseases of paddy plants is bacterial leaf blight caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo). Kamba is one of the local paddy plants in Central Sulawesi’s germplasm collection that is superior in origin from the Lore (Bada, Napu and Lindu). Until now, no scientific testing has been conducted on the resistance of local kamba paddy to leaf blight. This study aims to compare the level of resistance of several kamba paddy genotypes to leaf blight caused by the bacterium Xoo This research was conducted at the Disease Laboratory and Plant Pests and Diseases Gauze House, Faculty of Agriculture, Tadulako University, Palu. Stages of research implementation include propagation of Xoo, Preparation of test plants, and Transmission of Xoo. Observation variables include symptoms on plants, incubation period, disease severity and level of resistance to Xoo. The results showed that Paddy cultivars Kamba Bulili Kasar and Kamba Bulili Halus showed resistance reactions to Bacterial Leaf Blight (HDB) caused by Xoo bacteria. Both paddy cultivars also showed a disease incubation period of 6 days, longer than the susceptible comparison varieties.
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Aghaali, Zahra, Morteza Ghadmizadeh, Babak Abdollahi-Mandoulakani, and Iraj Bernousi. "IRAP and REMAP-based assessment of genetic diversity in chickpea collection from Iran." Genetika 46, no. 3 (2014): 731–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/gensr1403731a.
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Retrotransposons (RTN) make a significant contribution to the size, organization and genetic diversity of their host genomes. Several RTN families have been identified in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) and other closely related species. In the current research, integration activity and insertional polymorphism of the RTNs CARE1, Tms1Ret1, TPS and LORE were studied in 64 chickpea accessions collected in Iran using inter retrotransposon amplified polymorphism (IRAP) and retrotransposon-microsatellite amplified polymorphism (REMAP) techniques. Results indicated that all RTNs studied, are transpositionally active in chickpea genome and amplified scorable and polymorphic banding pattern. Among the RTN families used, the highest percentage of polymorphic loci (PPL) was produced by TPS family (81.82%). Totally, 129 loci were amplified using 18 IRAP and REMAP primers which 83 (64.34%) were polymorphic. The Dice genetic similarity coefficients among accessions ranged from 0.84 (accessions Tj48 and Ba4) to 0.98 (accessions Ka30 and Urm61), averaging 0.93. The parameters of expected heterozygosity (He), Shannon?s information index (I) and number of effective alleles (Ne) were the highest for Urmia accessions. Cluster analysis based on UPGMA algorithm and Dice similarity coefficient categorized the 64 accessions in 7 main groups. The mean Fst values of all groups except for groups IV and VII, were lower than 0.20, demonstrating no clear differentiation among the groups, no genetic structure of the studied chickpea collection and probably occurrences of gene flow among the origins. In conclusion, although RTN-based markers were able to differentiate the chickpea accessions but the measured relative genetic similarity among accessions were not correlated with geographical distances between places of their origins.
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Rahim, S., A. F. Ambo, D. W. K. Baderan, et al. "Natural aspect of the megalithic cultural heritage area of the Bada Valley (Central Sulawesi): Vegetation composition and biodiversity analyses." Biosystems Diversity 31, no. 1 (2023): 84–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/012309.
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The Bada Valley is one of the Lore Lindu Megalithic Cultural Heritage areas, which is one of the first four biosphere reserves in Indonesia. The Bada Valley area offers cultural attractions that combine with nature in the form of cultural landscapes such as handicrafts from bark, hilly landscapes that offer panoramic beauty, and preserve dozens of megalithic sites from prehistoric times as well as tourist cruising areas. The area is surrounded by densely forested mountains and forms one of the most important water catchment areas for the Watershed. However, there is a lack of studies on the vascular flora. No data on plant diversity has been reported, including plant inventory, plant identification, vegetation composition, and biodiversity analyses (diversity index, evenness index, and plant species richness index). The study aimed to determine the diversity index, evenness index, and plant species richness index in the Bada Valley cultural area, Poso Regency, Central Sulawesi. This study used an exploring technique with purposive sampling. Additional information was recorded in the form of the collector’s name, collection number, collection date, location, and habitus, which were recorded in the observation sheet that had been prepared. Identification of plants was carried out using the procedure for observing plant morphological characters, which included special features in each class and family or genus down to the species level. The results of the study found the vegetation composition for herbaceous strata (555 individuals), trees (91 individuals), shrubs (64 individuals), and vines (57 individuals). The diversity index value of each stratum is different for trees (H’ = 1.20), herbs (H’ = 1.92), shrubs (H’ = 1.32), and vines (H’ = 0.62). The diversity of plants in the Bada Valley in the tree, herb, and shrub strata was moderate (1.0 < H’ < 3.0), and the encroaching plant stratum had low diversity (H’ < 1.0). The evenness index at the level of shrubs, vines, herbs, and trees has values of 0.95, 0.90, 0.83, 0.61, respectively. The species richness index of plants in the Bada Valley is in a low category (R < 3.5), with R values for herbaceous plants (1.42), trees (1.33), shrubs (0.72), and vines (0.24). Information on plant biodiversity is used as a database for ecotourism development in the Bada Valley Cultural Heritage area. Research data can be used to support the local government in regulating the utilization of the Bada Valley Cultural Heritage area.
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Łozowski, Przemysław. "W poszukiwaniu zapomnianych symboli i wartości w lesie, na polu i łące: Donald Charles Watts, Elsevier’s Dictionary of Plant Lore, Amsterdam Elsevier, 2007, ix + 471 s." Etnolingwistyka. Problemy Języka i Kultury 29 (November 3, 2017): 273. http://dx.doi.org/10.17951/et.2017.29.273.
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Priya, Malishetty Vishnu, Shaik Mahaboob Peer, Siva Panuganti, et al. "Ethno Botanical and Cultural Importance of Sugali Tribe of Venkatampalli Thanda, Vajrakarur Mandal, Anantapuramu District, Andhra Pradesh State, India." European Journal of Theoretical and Applied Sciences 1, no. 3 (2023): 32–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.59324/ejtas.2023.1(3).04.
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The preliminary investigations of Ethnobotanical and Cultural Resources of Sugali tribes of Venkatampalli Thanda, Anantapuramu district, Andhra Pradesh with their recipes, preparation of drugs, administration, and usage from several centuries. Therapeutic uses of some of the species given in the table were cross checked with alternative ethno botanical systems viz. Ayurveda, Unani, Sidha and Homeopathy. 69 crude drugs (species) belonging to 63 genera and 30 families were collected based on folk-lore knowledge. The pattern of the plant use as per habitat (terrestrial, aquatic/epiphytes), habit (growth form), plant part (tissue) and taxonomic category (Systematically families), nativity and occurrence (wild/cultivated) were established. Of the 69 crude drugs wild and naturalized species, 10 are trees, 12 are shrubs, 33 are herbs and remaining 14 are climbers. Of the recorded 30 families, 18 are represented by one species: Aristolochiaceae, Boraginaceae, Cleomaceae, Combretaceae, Convolvulaceae, Crassulaceae, Cyperaceae, Gentianaceae, Lophiocarpaceae, Lythraceae, Myrtaceae, Oleaceae, Pedaliaceae, Phyllanthaceae, Sapindaceae, Verbenaceae, Vitaceae and Zygophyllaceae and The dominant families with respect to number of species are Leguminosae (11), Euphorbiaceae (5), Apocynaceae (5), Malvaceae (4), Cucurbitaceae (4), Amaranthaceae (4), Lamiaceae (4), Solanaceae (4), Acanthaceae (3), Asparagaceae (2), Menispermaceae (2), Asteraceae (2) and Rhamnaceae (2). Analysis of plants tissues followed tribes used leaves highly 50%, Roots 15%, Whole plants 14%, Small branches 8%, Flowers 7%, Fruits 4%, Bulb (Asparagus racemosus) 1% and remaining Bark (Anogeissus latifolia) 1%. Updated nomenclature, Brief description, phenology, distribution along with field GIS photographs are provided. Collected Ethno Botanical, Cultural Activities Data and Plants specimens collected flowering or fruiting Seasons. Specimens critically observed and identified, herbarium specimens deposited at The University of Trans-Disciplinary Health Sciences & Technology (TDU) Bangalore were done.
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Saidah, Muchtar, A. N. Wahyuni, et al. "Adaptation of Three Local Garlics (Allium sativum L.) in Napu Plateau Central Sulawesi." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 985, no. 1 (2022): 012025. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/985/1/012025.
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Abstract One of the challenges in developing garlic in Indonesia is increasing its competitiveness. It means that the price and quality must be able to compete with imported garlic. Apart from that, productivity also needs to be increased. Currently, the national demand for garlic is estimated at 539.3 thousand tons per year (2016-2019), where domestic production only reaches 134.7 tons. Therefore, the rest number is fulfilled by importing. This condition has spurred many parties to take part in supporting the garlic development program, including the Central Sulawesi provincial government. Napu Plateau in Poso District Central Sulawesi Province is an area above 1000 meter of sea level and has A rain type with agro-climatic zone A1. This condition is very suitable for the development of vegetable crops, including garlic. The research objective was to determine the adaptability of three local varieties of garlic. The activity was carried out in Watumaeta Village, North Lore Subdistrict, Poso District, Central Sulawesi in April-July 2020. The study used a Randomized Block Design with treatments of three local varieties of garlic, namely Lumbu Hijau, Sembalun and Tinombo. Number of repetitions were five units. Observed parameters included plant height, number of leaves and stem diameter, bulb diameter, bulb weight, and number of cloves. The results showed that the garlic varieties have no significant effect on all observed parameters, except stem diameter, bulb dry weight and number of cloves. Those three local varieties have average number 54,70-58,18 cm of plant height; 7,70-8,08 of leaves; 0,35-0,42 cm of stem diameter; 2,41-2,78 cm of cloves diameter; bulb dry weight 11,92-17,09 gram; 4,10-4,90 of number of cloves. Among the three local varieties, Tinombo from Parigi Moutong District was superior compare to the other two varieties.
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Toana, Moh Hibban, Burhanuddin Haji Nasir, Fitriah Balosi, and Reza Anugrah. "Activity of Nerium oleander leaf extract on the larvae of Crocidolomia binotalis Zell." February 2023, no. 17(02):2023 (February 2, 2023): 130–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.21475/ajcs.23.17.02.p3648.
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The active compound of Nerium oleander L. leaf extract is toxic to insect larvae. It is used to control pests but information on the activity of N. oleander leaf extract was not yet known in detail. This research aimed to determine mortality, lethal concentration (LC50), feeding inhibition, larval and pupal fitness weights and imago morphological perfection of Crocidolomia binotalis Zell. The research was done at the Laboratory of Pests and Plant Diseases, Faculty of Agriculture, Tadulako University from May 2021 to October 2021. This research used a completely randomized design with five treatments and four replications. Each treatment used 20 tails sample of third instar C. binotalis larvae from East Lore Sub-district, Poso Regency. Concentrations for the treatment of N. oleander leaf extract were as follows: P0 = 0%, P1 = 1.25%, P2 = 2.5%, P3 = 5%, and P4 = 10%. The results show that the concentrations of N. oleander leaf extract that were effective in causing mortality of C. binotalis larvae, were from 1.25% to 2.5%. The LC50 concentration of N. oleander leaf extract, which killed 50% of C. binotalis larvae, was 1.915% (0.01915ml/ml), with a minimum concentration of 1.425% (0.01425ml/ml) and a maximum concentration of 2.375% (0.02375ml/ml). The higher the concentration of N. oleander leaf extract, the higher the feeding inhibition, causing the decrease in the feeding of C. binotalis larvae. In addition, the fitness weights of C. binotalis larvae and pupae also decreased, so that fewer larvae developed into imago (adult individuals). A 10% concentration of N. oleander leaf extract caused abnormal (rudimentary) morphological forms of C. binotalis imago.
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Janick, Jules. "Herbals: The Connection Between Horticulture and Medicine." HortTechnology 13, no. 2 (2003): 229–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech.13.2.0229.
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The prehistoric discovery that certain plants cause harm and others have curative powers is the origin of the healing professions and its practitioners (priest, physician, and apothecary), as well as professions devoted to plants (botany and horticulture). The description of plants and their properties and virtues (termed herbals in the 16th century) became an invaluable resource for the physician and apothecary. The earliest medicobotanical treatises date to antiquity. A Sumerian tablet from about 2100 bce (before current era) contains a dozen prescriptions and proscribes plant sources. In China, the Pen T'Sao Ching, assumed to be authored by the legendary Emperor Shen Nung in 2700 bce, but probably written in the first century, contains about 100 herbal remedies. The Ebers Papyrus, a medical treatise from ancient Egypt dates to 1550 bce but contains material from 5-20 centuries earlier. In Greece, the great botanical treatise Enquiry into Plants of Theophrastus, devotes book IX to the medicinal value of herbs. The herbal De Materia Medica by Pedanios Dioscorides of Anazarba, a Roman army physician, written in the year 65, the most famous ever written, was slavishly referred to, copied, and commented on for 1500 years. The great epoch of printed herbals appeared in the 16th century of which the most notable are Das Buch zu Distillieren (1500) by Hieronymus Brunschwig; Herbarum Vivae Eicones (1530, 1532, 1536) by Otto Brunfel; Kreüter Buch (1542) by Hieronymus Bock; De Historias Stirpium (1542) of Leonhart Fuchs; New Herball (1551, 1562, 1568) by William Turner; Commentarii “on Dioscorides” (1544) by Pier Andrea Mattioli; Crôÿdeboeck (1554) by Rembert Dodoens; and the Herball (1597) by John Gerard. Botany and medicine were essentially in step until the 17th century when both arts turned scientific and, at this juncture, botanical works would essentially ignore medicinal uses while medical works were devoid of plant lore. Yet, the medicinal use of herbs continues as an alternate form of medicine and remains popular in various forms to the present day despite the questionable efficacy of many popular herbs and the reliance of many herbal recommendations on superstition and astrology. The fact that most drugs were originally plant-based has encouraged a new look at the medicinal properties of plants.
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Shengelia, Ramaz. "Medea and Argonautics: Medicine, pharmacy, toxicology." Papers on Anthropology 27, no. 1 (2018): 55–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.12697/poa.2018.27.1.06.
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According to mythical heritage, Medea, a daughter of the king of Colchis (Western Georgia, 13th century BC), famous for her beauty, was very wise and closely associated with plant lore, concoction of medicines, and medical activities. She knew various forms of remedies for internal and external use, respiratory, and so forth. In her therapeutic arsenal, there were medical remedies for a variety of uses: for treatment of various diseases, soporifics, poisons, ointments, miraculous and magical substances as well.
 Medea prepared the poisons by using special processing of medical remedies – extraction, infusion/tincture, thermal, mechanical, or chemical exposure, or concentration. The principle, according to which the modern medicine is developing, is contraria contrariis curantur (CCC), or contraries are cured, or allopathic medicine. At present, the priority still belongs to CCC. This is the direction that modern medicine and pharmacy throughout the world are following today.
 The way of effective realization of this principle is a strong chemical source. The stronger the source, the more effective the result. This thesis is based on two major ways of realization of the CCC principle – suppressing and compensating therapy where achieving an effect without a potent substance would not be possible.
 Toxicology and pharmacy were formed in the Roman Empire at the beginning of our era and are associated with the King of Pontus, a descendant of Colchis – Mithridates VI Eupator. Such a notion as the medicine/drug appeared in the Roman period. The authors do not describe the plant, animal or mineral resources but the product – the characteristics of the drug.
 Thus, Medea is not only considered a pioneer of cosmetics, hematology, surgery, toxicology, and other areas but also the founder of the way for effective implementation of the main principle of modern medicine and the donor of word root medicine. Afterwards, the term acquired a broader generalization and consequently become a synonym of medical art.