Journal articles on the topic 'Plant micropropagation – Methodology – Research'
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1
Jiménez González, Alfredo, Bertha Azucena Zhindón Ganchozo, Blanca Soledad Indacochea Ganchozo, and Marcos Pedro Ramos Rodríguez. "PROTOCOLOS DE DESINFECCIÓN DE EXPLANTES DURANTE LA MICROPROPAGACIÓN DE Cedrela odorata L." UNESUM-Ciencias. Revista Científica Multidisciplinaria. ISSN 2602-8166 1, no. 2 (August 24, 2017): 01–06. http://dx.doi.org/10.47230/unesum-ciencias.v1.n2.2017.14.
Abstract:
EXPLANTATION DISINFECTION PROTOCOLS DURING THE MICROPROPAGATION OF Cedrela odorata L.RESUMENLa contaminación microbiana es uno de los problemas más graves en la micropropagación de las especies vegetales, tanto en la investigación como en la micropropagación comercial. Tal contaminación puede ser producida por microorganismos endofíticos o microorganismos introducidos durante la manipulación de laboratorio. El presente trabajo se realizó con el objetivo de evaluar tres protocolos de desinfección de explantes para la micropropagación de Cedrela odorata L., en el laboratorio de biotecnología vegetal de la Universidad Estatal del Sur de Manabí. La metodología aplicada se basó en el montaje de un diseño experimental en bloque completamente al azar. Se evaluaron tres tratamientos para la desinfección de explantes, obteniéndose con éxito el 95.64% de explantes establecidos en el segundo tratamiento, en el que se utilizó un protocolo de desinfección basado en Etanol al 50% (C2H6O), Hipoclorito de Sodio (NaClO) en el 25% de su concentración. Tiempo de inmersión de 60 segundos. Existen diferencias estadísticas altamente significativas en los protocolos utilizados para la desinfección de explantes de Cedrela odorata. Sólo un tratamiento, T2, fue el que presentó la mayor eficiencia durante el experimento.PALABRAS CLAVE: Propagación, especies amenazadas, madera tropical.ABSTRACTMicrobial contamination is one of the most serious problems in micropropagation of plant species, both in research and in commercial micropropagation. Such contamination may be produced by endophytic microorganisms or microorganisms introduced during laboratory manipulation. The present work was carried out with the objective of to evaluate a disinfection protocol of explants for the micropropagation of Cedrela odorata L., in the plant biotechnology laboratory of the Southern State University of Manabí. The applied methodology was based on the assembly of an experimental design in block completely at random. Three treatments were evaluated for the disinfection of explants, successfully obtaining 95.64% of explants established in the second treatment, in which a disinfection protocol based on 50% Ethanol (C2H6O), Sodium Hypochlorite (NaClO) in 25% of its concentration, with a time of immersion of 60 seconds. There are statistically significant differences in the protocols used for the disinfection of Cedrela odorata explants. Only one treatment, T2, was the one that presented the highest efficiency during the experiment.KEYWORDS: propagation, threatened species, tropical timber.
2
Moyo, M., M. W. Bairu, S. O. Amoo, and J. Van Staden. "Plant biotechnology in South Africa: Micropropagation research endeavours, prospects and challenges." South African Journal of Botany 77, no. 4 (October 2011): 996–1011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sajb.2011.06.003.
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Keer, Kheiry, Elmundr Abughnia, Salem Hammud, Ahmed shaaban, Mohamed Abusanina, and Arij shaheen. "Micropropagation of Zingiber officinal roscoe." Journal of Misurata University for Agricultural Sciences, no. 01 (October 6, 2019): 38–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.36602/jmuas.2019.v01.01.04.
Abstract:
This study was conducted in plant tissue culture In Biotechnology which belong to biotechnology research center (Tripoli – for Micropropagation of in order to study the response of Zingiber plant to In vitro micro propagation through plant tissue culture technology , while the study was beginning by Samples were collected , the samples from the local market and directly were put in dark For sprouting in order to obtain plant tissue which will be used for plant micro propagation. Sprouted buds growth were obtained the plant tissue were sterilized by use 2.5% Clorox and 70% ethanol in hood cabinet with sterilized conditions , then sterilized plant tissue were cultured in small gars contain Murashige and Skoog MS medim as control treatment and MS media supplemented with different concentrations of BA and NAA plant growth regulators while the treatments were ( 2 , 4mg/l BA ) and ( 2 mg/l BA + 0.5mg/l NAA) . Results of this study showed present a good response of Zingiber plant to micro propagation by tissue culture technology in all the treatments event control treatment moreover the results showed that the treatment of 2 mg/l BA gave the highest average of obtained number of brunches and root system growth , finally the obtained plants from the experiments were moved to adaptation stage by placed the plants in small puts contain peat moss fertilizer
4
Salih, Aya Mohui Aldeen, Zainab Sabeeh Omran, and Nabeel K. Al-Ani. "Micropropagation of Helianthemum lippii L.var sessifolium." Journal of Biology and Life Science 10, no. 1 (December 10, 2018): 33. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/jbls.v10i1.13754.
Abstract:
The important of this plant coming from the symbiotic relation between this plant and truffles which is very important food. In an attempt to propagate this plant in vitro this research was conducted. The seeds were culture on MS basic medium, the seedling parts were isolated and cultured with MS medium supplemented with 0.5 mg/l NAA and 2 mg/l BA. The shoots were rooted on basic medium and later the plantlets acclimatized on pots.
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Goodger, Jason Q. D., Allison M. Heskes, Drew J. King, Roslyn M. Gleadow, and Ian E. Woodrow. "Research note: Micropropagation of Eucalyptus polybractea selected for key essential oil traits." Functional Plant Biology 35, no. 3 (2008): 247. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/fp07241.
Abstract:
A protocol for the micropropagation of Eucalyptus polybractea R.T. Baker (blue mallee) using axillary bud proliferation from lignotuber-derived explants is described. Three different ages of plants were used as explant sources: glasshouse-grown seedlings, field-grown saplings, and coppice of field-grown mature lignotubers. Explants from each source initiated successfully and no significant difference was observed for shoot proliferation, rooting success or hardening success between explant sources. Leaf oil quantity and quality for hardened clones transplanted to a field plantation were assessed after 3 months of growth. Ramets of all clones contained high quality oil with over 80% 1,8-cineole. For seedling-derived clones, foliar oil concentrations of ramets were higher than those of the ortets from which they were derived. For sapling and mature lignotuber derived clones the opposite was the case. This suggests that ontogenetic and physiological constraints may be influencing yield in the young ramets. The age of the explant source did not appear to influence the success of micropropagation, and as a result older plants (for which key oil traits are known) can be selected as elite plants for multiplying selected genotypes via micropropagation.
6
CUBA, MARELY, ANA GUTIÉRREZ-MORAGA, BARBARA BUTENDIECK, and MANUEL GIDEKEL. "Micropropagation of Deschampsia antarctica - a frost-resistant Antarctic plant." Antarctic Science 17, no. 1 (February 28, 2005): 69–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954102005002440.
Abstract:
Deschampsia antarctica Desv. (Poaceae) is the only native Gramineae found in the Antarctic, where it is restricted to the Antarctic Peninsula and its offshore islands. Its ability to survive the harsh climate has attracted the interest of scientists searching for genes associated with freezing tolerance (Alberdi et al. 2002). For continuing research purposes it would be better if plants did not have to be collected from the field, but could be propagated effectively to provide the necessary experimental material D. antarctica normally reproduces both by seed produced by self-fertilization and also vegetatively from tillers (Holderegger et al. 2003). Vegetative propagation is slow and unable to generate enough plant material for laboratory requirements. This difficulty prompted us to develop a rapid micro-propagation method using tissue-culture methods for the production of large numbers of plants in relatively short periods.
7
Nurwahyuni, Isnaini, Manihar Situmorang, and Riyanto Sinaga. "Plant Regeneration through Callus Cultures from Leaf Explant of Sumatra Benzoin (Styrax benzoin)." International Journal of Forestry Research 2020 (September 30, 2020): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8860178.
Abstract:
Micropropagation of Sumatra Benzoin is potential to provide good-quality seed for future preservation of the forest and improve the incense sap production. The production of Styrax plants is currently limited by the availability of seed. This research demonstrated the micropropagation of Sumatra Benzoin (Styrax benzoin Dryander), producing good-quality saplings that could be used for obtaining nontimber forest products. Elite mother plant was selected and used as a source of explants. Identification of healthy trees was carried out based on the phenotype criteria, and the selection of a mother plant was performed through information on the quality and quantity production of incense sap. Micropropagation started from callus induction in young leaves followed by subculture to obtain regeneration of shoots and roots. The combination of NAA and BAP in the culture media greatly affected the growth and development of callus, shoots, and roots. The use of 3 mg/L NAA and 3 mg/L NAA rendered the heaviest calli. Shoots were regenerated with 0.5 mg/L NAA and 3.0 mg/L BAP, and the highest growth of roots was obtained by using of 3.0 mg/ NAA without BAP. This research reports the first in vitro propagation technique for Styrax benzoin. Further research is underway to obtain very good-quality plant saplings to be used for forest conservation and to increase the production of incense sap as a nontimber forest commodity.
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Nagl, Nevena, Snezana Mezei, Lazar Kovacev, Dragana Vasic, and Nikola Cacic. "Induction and micropropagation potential of sugar beet haploids." Genetika 36, no. 3 (2004): 187–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/gensr0403187n.
Abstract:
The aim of research was obtaining sugar beet haploids via gyno-genesis and their micropropagation. Haploids were obtained by ovule culture from fourteen diploid, monogerm, fertile genotypes. On the tested nutrient media genotypes exhibited different gynogenic potential. Eight haploid plant were chosen for further investigation and after development of first leaves put on micropropagation medium. The presence of cyto-kinin in medium stimulated development of axillary buds, while in some genotypes adventitious buds developed as well. Multiplication rate was not consistent, although number of developed plants grew after each sub-cultivation. Differences in plant multiplication started to differ after four subcultures. By testing of differences between correlation coefficients, i.e. multiplication rate during six subcultivations, it was determined that they significantly differ between tested genotypes.
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Molinar, Francisco, Wayne A. Mackay, Marisa M. Wall, and Manuel Cardenas. "Micropropagation of Agarita (Berberis trifoliata Moric.)." HortScience 31, no. 6 (October 1996): 1030–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.31.6.1030.
Abstract:
Experiments were conducted to develop a clonal propagation system for agarita (Berberis trifoliata Moric.). Actively growing agarita shoots were collected from a mature plant at the Texas A&M Univ. Research and Extension Center in El Paso and successfully established on a basal medium consisting of woody plant medium (WPM) salts and Murashige and Skoog vitamins, sucrose at 30 g·L–1, and 0.8% Phytagar supplemented with 11.1 μm BA. Cytokinins (benzyladenine, kinetin, and thidiazuron), subculture period, and age of cultures were tested. The optimal shoot proliferation conditions were WPM basal medium supplemented with 5.5 μm BA and a subculture period of 4 weeks. Culture age did not affect shoot proliferation but did affect rooting. Preliminary experiments with 1.0 μm NAA resulted in nearly 100% rooting of microshoots <6 months old. Shoots from 21-month-old cultures had to be placed on a cytokinin-free medium before successful rooting. On basal medium supplemented with NAA (5.4 μm), 68% of the microshoots rooted with an average of 1.2 secondary roots per microshoot. Chemical names used: N-(phenylmethyl)-1H-purin-6-amine (BA); 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA); N-phenyl-N′-1,2,3-thiadiazol-5-ylurea (thidiazuron or TDZ); 6-furfurlaminopurine (kinetin).
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Zobayed, S. M. A., F. Afreen, Y. Xiao, and T. Kozai. "Recent advancement in research on photoautotrophic micropropagation using large culture vessels with forced ventilation." In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology - Plant 40, no. 5 (September 2004): 450–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/ivp2004558.
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Biswas, Purnendu, Md Harun-Or Rashid, Abul Kashem Chowdhury, and Md Amzad Hossain. "Direct plant regeneration through micropropagation using selected explants of sugarcane." International Journal of Advanced Geosciences 8, no. 2 (November 10, 2020): 244. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijag.v8i2.31100.
Abstract:
The experiment was conducted at the Laboratory of Biotechnology Division, Bangladesh Sugarcrop Research Institute (BSRI), Ishurdi, Pabna during the period from January 2009 to December 2009 to regenerate plants through micropropagation technique using selected explants of sugarcane. In this experiment shoot tip, leaf segment and leaf roll section explants of three sugarcane varieties (Isd 16, Isd 35 and Isd 36) were cultured on shoot inducing MS media with four combinations of NAA and Kn (NAA2.5Kn0.5, NAA5.0Kn0.5, NAA7.5Kn0.5 and NAA10.0Kn0.5 mg/l) to regenerate plants. The proliferated shoots were multiplied on liquid MS media with five combinations of BAP and Kn (BAP0.25Kn0.25, BAP0.5Kn0.25, BAP0.5Kn0.5, BAP1.0Kn0.5 and BAP1.0Kn1.0 mg/l) and further transferred to root inducing MS media fortified with six different concentrations of NAA (1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, 5.0 and 6.0 mg/l) for adventitious root formation to raise full-fledged plantlets. The leaf roll section explant of variety Isd 35 cultured on MS medium containing hormonal combination of 7.5 mg/l NAA + 0.5 mg/l Kn produced the highest percentage (83.33%) of shoot regeneration. The number of shoots per explant was also found highest (10.23) in the same explant of same variety with the same hormonal combination. The highest multiplication rate (4.64) was obtained from the liquid MS medium containing hormonal combination of 1.0 mg/l BAP + 0.5 mg/l Kn in the variety Isd 35. The MS medium containing 5.0 mg/l NAA showed better performance for adventitious root induction to raise full-fledged plantlets in all the varieties within nine days of inoculation.
12
Sâm, Vũ Hoài, Bùi Đức Quỳnh, Nguyễn Thị Hương, and Nguyễn Văn Khiêm. "Research on in vitro micropropagation of Lilium brownii F.E. Brown." Vietnam Journal of Biotechnology 14, no. 1 (March 30, 2016): 121–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.15625/1811-4989/14/1/9302.
Abstract:
Lilium brownii Brown belonging Lilium genus and Liliaceae family is well-known as a popular medicinal species, as well as food source and beautiful ornamental flowers. The specie has unique and ornamental floral characteristics such as light and elegant fragrance and perianth color rapidly changing from yellowish cream to white during anthesis. In traditional medicine, it is used for treatment cough, sedation diuretic, bronchitis... In nature, it can be found in subtropical climate moutainous areas in the North such as Sa Pa, Bat Xat, Mu Cang Chai; Sin Ho and Phong Tho, Quang Ba and Dong Van. In recent years, this species has been listed in the Red List for medicinal plants in Vietnam due to over-exploitation. The only effective strategy for sustaible conservation this species is in vitro micropropagation. In this study, in vitro plant regeneration and micropropagation of L. brownii was established from bubles and stem nodes. After surface sterilization with 0.1% HgCl2 in 10 minutes, healthy young shoots were obtained from initial bubles and stem nodes on MS medium supplemented with 0.5 mg/l BAP or 0.5 mg/l NAA, respectively. Bulblets also were formed from young shoot on MS supplemented with 0.5 mg/l NAA. The highest number of 4.5 bulblets per an explant was recorded from longitude-divided bubbles on MS medium containing 0.5 mg/l NAA and 0.2 mg/l BAP after 60 days in culture. The regererated plants produced quality roots on half strength MS supplemented with the combination of 1.0 mg/ l NAA and 0.2 mg / l BAP. More than 90% of rooted plants in vitro were survival on artificial soil TN1 in the nursery.
13
Tevfik, A. Sh, and N. A. Yegorova. "Clonal micropropagation of Thymus vulgaris L." E3S Web of Conferences 224 (2020): 04001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202022404001.
Abstract:
Thymus vulgaris L. is one of the widely known spicy aromatic and medicinal plants. Thyme plant material is widely used in medicine, cooking and perfumery. To increase the efficiency of breeding and seed production, it is necessary to develop biotechnological techniques, in particular, clonal micropropagation. The aim of the research is to optimize the composition of culture media for the main stages of propagation in vitro and to select adaptation ex vitro conditions for the development of Thymus vulgaris. clonal micropropagation. The article presents the results of studies of explant morphometric parameters cultivated on 20 variants of culture media at firstsecond stages of micropropagation. It was found that the optimal culture medium at the introduction stage is MS medium with 1.0 mg/l Kin and 1.0 mg/l GA3, on which, on average, 2.2 microshoots per explant with a length of 1.9 cm were obtained. Both high vitrification rate of microshoots and formation of small shoots (0.6-0.9 cm) were observed on media supplemented with BAP or TDZ. The most effective culture medium at the proper propagation stage is MS with 1.0 mg/l Kin, on which 4.6 shoots per explant and the multiplication index 12.8 were obtained. It is advisable to root microshoots at the 3rd stage of micropropagation on MS culture medium supplemented with 1.0 mg/l IBA or 1.0 mg/l IAA. It has been shown that it is possible to obtain high plant survival rate (89.5%) during adaptation ex vitro, using a substrate consisting of peat and perlite (1:1).
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Thies, Karen L., and Clinton H. Graves. "Meristem Micropropagation Protocols for Vitis rotundifolia Michx." HortScience 27, no. 5 (May 1992): 447–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.27.5.447.
Abstract:
A meristem micropropagation system was developed to produce Agrobacterium -free muscadine grape. Meristems were cultured on a modified Woody Plant Medium (mWPM) supplemented with 0.45 μm BAP. After 2 weeks, cultures were transferred to mWPM containing 8.92 μm BAP to enhance shoot proliferation. Propagules were subsequently subdivided and transferred to fresh medium at 2- to 4-week intervals. New shoots were excised and inserted in mWPM supplemented with 0.57 μm IAA to promote root formation. This method has been successfully used to produce Agrobacterium -free plants of muscadine cultivars Carlos, Doreen, Jumbo, Magnolia, and Sterling for research purposes and for a foundation planting in Mississippi. Chemical names used: benzylaminopurine (BAP); indole3-acetic acid (IAA).
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Mursyanti, Exsyupransia, Aziz Purwantoro, Sukarti Moeljopawiro, and Endang Semiarti. "Micropropagation of Mini Orchid Hybrid Phalaenopsis “Sogo Vivien”." Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology 1, no. 1 (June 1, 2016): 45. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/jtbb.12933.
Abstract:
Phalaenopsis “Sogo Vivien” is an orchid hybrid with mini size plant body, and exhibits numerous beautiful pink flowers, that is ideal as ornamental pot plant. Some plants of this orchid exhibit variegated leaves that improve the beauty of the plant, not only because of the flower but also as attracted leaves. This orchid has high economical value, but mass propagation of this orchid has not established yet. An effective method to propagate both the normal and variegated plants is worth to be generated. The objective of this research was to produce a large number of P. “Sogo Vivien” plants, including the variegated plants. The method used seeds from self pollinating variegated plant, and flower stalk nodes. The seeds were sown on three various medium: VW, NP and MS, and flower stalk nodes were planted on VW + BA 10 mg l-1 + active carbon. The results showed that the best medium for in vitro culture of P. “Sogo Vivien” was NP medium, in which all seeds could grew into plantlets. Most plantlets emerged from the seeds were non variegated, only one plantlet out of 1344 seeds was variegated (0.007%). Although all emerged plantlets from flower stalk exhibited variegated leaves. Particularly, the plantlets arised from the second and third basal nodes of flower stalk showed the highest growth rate than that from the other nodes. Histological analysis showed that at 11-13 days after shoot segment plantation on NP medium, the shape of apical cells in the nodes was changed, then followed by the change of cell shape in the basal part of the nodes, produced bipolar pattern, then gradually developed into shoot. These results suggest that mass propagation could be achieved using seed culture, but to get the variegated phenotypes, the second and third nodes of flower stalk from variegated plant were the best explants to be used.
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Yang, Guochen, Paul E. Read, and Marihelen Kamp-Glass. "Use of Forcing Solution Techniques to Improve Chestnut Micropropagation." HortScience 30, no. 4 (July 1995): 757A—757. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.30.4.757a.
Abstract:
Chestnut (Castanea spp.) is considered difficult to micropropagate. The timing for harvesting explant materials from forced stems is critical, although many factors need to be considered for successful micropropagation. Previous research with spirea and five-leaf aralia demonstrated that forcing solution techniques extended the availability of high-quality explant material, thus expediting micropropagation. However, preliminary research illustrated that chestnut is very difficult to force and the new forced softwood growth is very short-lived, which made micropropagation difficult. It was found that, at about 7 days from budbreak, the forced chestnut softwood growth (about 2 cm long) served as the best explant material. If longer than this timing window, the new growth would die. If shorter, the explants had a high contamination rate, exudation of purported phenolic compounds, and explants would not regenerate. Shoot proliferation and callus regeneration were achieved by culturing good-quality explants on Woody Plant Medium supplemented with 0.1 mg BA/liter. The new shoots grew vigorously in vitro with apparent normal morphology.
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Samarskaya, Victoria, Elena Malaeva, and Margarita Postnova. "Aspects of Clonal Micropropagation and Conservation of Plants in vitro." Natural Systems and Resources, no. 3 (April 2020): 13–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.15688/nsr.jvolsu.2019.3.2.
Abstract:
Despite more than a century of research on effective biotechnological methods to reproduce various plant species, microclonal reproduction continues to be an important tool for large-scale production. The clonal seedlings of important species maintain genetic fidelity and do not contain pests. In some cases, microclonal propagation is the only method that contributes to the maintenance and economic value of specific agricultural plant species. Microclonal reproduction as a method has solved many phytosanitary problems and has allowed both expansion and access to high-quality plants for producers from different countries and economic conditions, thus effectively contributing to the expansion of agriculture now and in the foreseeable future. Currently, this method is widely used in the creation of planting material for crops for agriculture and cultivation of crops of industrial floriculture, fruit, berry crops and woody plants. Thanks to this method, it is possible to create in vitro banks of rare and valuable plant genotypes. Modern technologies of clonal micro-multiplication are at the stage of industrial flow, which quickly responds to market demands. The analysis of domestic and foreign sources of scientific research on microclonal plant propagation has shown that, at the present time, the cost of its use is quite high and requires the presence of laboratories with appropriate equipment and highly qualified staff. Modification and adaptation of the method of microclonal reproduction of plants contributes to the implementation of the morphogenetic potential, determines the specific features of the source material, the type of explant, its physiological state, the composition of nutrient media, and cultivation conditions. At the same time, the cultivation of healthy plants will significantly increase the yield of valuable agricultural products and high adaptive properties of healthy plants that allow them to be cultivated with less chemicals, which will significantly increase their nutritional value and give a greater opportunity to obtain organic products with high-quality characteristics.
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Al-Khayri, Jameel Mohammed, and Poornananda Madhava Naik. "Date palm micropropagation: Advances and applications." Ciência e Agrotecnologia 41, no. 4 (July 2017): 347–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1413-70542017414000217.
Abstract:
ABSTRACT Date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) is a fruit tree resilient to adverse climatic conditions predominating in hot arid regions of the Middle East and North Africa. The date fruit contains numerous chemical components that possess high nutritional and medicinal values. Traditional propagation by offshoots is inefficient to satisfy current demands for date palm trees. Alternatively, micropropagation provides an efficient means for large-scale propagation of date palm cultivars. Both somatic embryogenesis and organogenesis, either directly or indirectly though the callus phase, have been demonstrated in date palm in vitro regeneration. Culture initiation commonly utilizes shoot-tip explants isolated from young offshoots. Recently, the immature inflorescences of adult trees were utilized as an alternative nondestructive source of explants. In addition to the nature of the explant used, successful plant regeneration depends on the cultivar, composition of the culture medium and physical status. Challenges of date palm micropropagation include long in vitro cycle, latent contamination, browning, somaclonal variation as well as ex vitro acclimatization and transplanting. A remarkable amount of research investigating these factors has led to optimized protocols for the micropropagation of numerous commercially important cultivars. This has encouraged the development of several international commercial tissue culture laboratories. Molecular characterization provides an assurance of genetic conformity of regenerated plantlets, a key feature for commercial production. This article describes date palm micropropagation protocols and also discusses recent achievements with respect to somaclonal variation, molecular markers, cryopreservation and future prospects.
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Schmidt, Susanne, Ros Gleadow, and Sharon Robinson. "Foreword to 'Plant and Ecosystem Physiology: Research and Methodology'." Functional Plant Biology 33, no. 5 (2006): v. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/fpv33n5_fo.
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Maiti, Satyabrata, and K. A. Geetha. "Characterization, genetic improvement and cultivation of Chlorophytum borivilianum—an important medicinal plant of India." Plant Genetic Resources 3, no. 2 (August 2005): 264–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/pgr200579.
Abstract:
Chlorophytum borivilianum is an important medicinal plant known as ‘Safed musli’, used in many Ayurvedic vital tonics and aphrodisiac formulations. The species was first described from India in 1954 and reached rare status in nature due to overexploitation. Owing to its increased demand, the species has attracted the attention of farmers as well as researchers in several institutions. The present paper deals with various research aspects such as conservation biology, cytology, chemistry, plant genetic resources, micropropagation, crop management, etc. conducted on the crop for the last two decades in India. The species is diploid 2n=4x=28 and is mainly vegetatively propagated. Seeds remain dormant for nearly 10 months and also suffer from poor germination. Fleshy roots of the species contain saponins having therapeutic value. Germplasm collections made from different states in India show the occurrence of wide genetic variability in terms of plant type, maturity period, growth and yield characters, and size and shape of fleshy roots. Although the species is cross-pollinated in nature, self-pollination is also feasible artificially. One high-yielding cultivar and two high-yielding morphotypes have been recently identified. A micropropagation protocol using different explants has been standardized and agrotechnology for cultivation developed. Successful use of synthetic seed has also been reported. The article presents a comprehensive overview of the current state of research in the species with due emphasis on future thrust and possibilities.
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Debnath, Samir. "Bioreactors and molecular analysis in berry crop micropropagation – A review." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 91, no. 1 (January 2011): 147–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjps10131.
Abstract:
Debnath, S. C. 2011. Bioreactors and molecular analysis in berry crop micropropagation – A review. Can. J. Plant Sci. 91: 147–157. While berry fruits have long enjoyed huge popularity among consumers, tremendous progress in plant tissue culture, resulting in great advances in micropropagation, has occurred. Of particular significance has been the evolution of the technology permitting multiplication of berry plants in bioreactors containing liquid media. Although automation of micropropagation in bioreactors has been advanced as a possible way of reducing propagation cost, optimal plant production depends upon better understanding of physiological and biochemical responses of plant to the signals of culture microenvironment and an optimization of specific physical and chemical culture conditions to control the morphogenesis of berry plants in liquid culture systems. Clonal fidelity can be a serious problem, and molecular strategies have been developed in order to reduce the variation to manageable levels. Molecular markers have been introduced to tissue culture research and can potentially be used in various facets of pertinent studies with berry crops. The paper focuses on bioreactor systems combined with semi-solid media used for in vitro culture of berry crops, cultivation of micropropagules and employment of molecular markers in micropropagated plants for the assessment of genetic fidelity, uniformity, stability and trueness-to-type among donor plants and tissue culture regenerants. The pertinent literature is reviewed and the relative merits and shortcomings of the various molecular markers applied are presented with an emphasis on the nature of tissue culture-induced variation.
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Teixeira da Silva, Jaime, Maria Maddalena Altamura, and Judit Dobránszki. "The Untapped Potential Of Plant Thin Cell Layers." Journal of Horticultural Research 23, no. 2 (December 1, 2015): 127–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/johr-2015-0024.
Abstract:
Abstract Thin cell layers (TCLs), which contain a small number of cells or tissues, are explants excised from different organs (stems, leaves, roots, inflorescences, flowers, cotyledons, hypocotyls/epicotyls, and embryos). After almost 45 years of research, this culture system has been used for several monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous plants of commercial importance, and for model plants. The limited amount of cells in a TCL is of paramount importance because marker molecules/genes of differentiation can be easily localized in situ in the target/responsive cells. Thus, the use of TCLs has allowed, and continues to allow, for the expansion of knowledge in plant research in a practical and applied manner into the fields of tissue culture and micropropagation, cell and organ genetics, molecular biology, biochemistry, and development. Starting from a brief historical background, the actual and potential uses of the TCL system are briefly reviewed.
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Grauda, Dace, Lita Lapiņa, Biruta Jansone, Aldis Jansons, and Isaak Rashal. "Recovering Genetic Resources of Some Legume Species of Latvian Origin by Plant Tissue Culture." Proceedings of the Latvian Academy of Sciences. Section B. Natural, Exact, and Applied Sciences 67, no. 3 (October 1, 2013): 224–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/prolas-2013-0039.
Abstract:
Accessions with no germinating seeds are a common problem in plant gene banks and research institutions. Our goal was to elaborate and apply an in vitro method of germination and multiplication of old aged seeds of red and alsike clover and alfalfa. Eighteen clover and five alfalfa accessions were used for germination in vitro. Most of the accessions had produced seeds more than 20 years ago and the seeds did not germinate in soil. Seed pre-treatment with different concentrations of potassium permanganate, as well as addition of phytohormones, AgNO3 and activated carbon to germinating media were tested. Plantlets for all germinated accessions were obtained, even in the case when seeds were 44-year-old (alfalfa). Germination rate in vitro not always correlated with seed age and ranged from 2 to 72%. Pre-treatment with potassium permanganate was effective both for seeds sterilisation and germination stimulation. Most germinated seeds formed phenotypically normal seedlings with all organs. In vitro multiplication of obtained clover plants was performed. Best results were achieved by micropropagation of stem segments approximately 2 mm in length. Number of finally obtained plants depended not only on seed germination ability, but also on micropropagation ability in relation to genotype, and on acclimatization success in soil after in vitro cultivation
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Monthony, Adrian S., Serena R. Page, Mohsen Hesami, and Andrew Maxwell P. Jones. "The Past, Present and Future of Cannabis sativa Tissue Culture." Plants 10, no. 1 (January 19, 2021): 185. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants10010185.
Abstract:
The recent legalization of Cannabis sativa L. in many regions has revealed a need for effective propagation and biotechnologies for the species. Micropropagation affords researchers and producers methods to rapidly propagate insect-/disease-/virus-free clonal plants and store germplasm and forms the basis for other biotechnologies. Despite this need, research in the area is limited due to the long history of prohibitions and restrictions. Existing literature has multiple limitations: many publications use hemp as a proxy for drug-type Cannabis when it is well established that there is significant genotype specificity; studies using drug-type cultivars are predominantly optimized using a single cultivar; most protocols have not been replicated by independent groups, and some attempts demonstrate a lack of reproducibility across genotypes. Due to culture decline and other problems, the multiplication phase of micropropagation (Stage 2) has not been fully developed in many reports. This review will provide a brief background on the history and botany of Cannabis as well as a comprehensive and critical summary of Cannabis tissue culture. Special attention will be paid to current challenges faced by researchers, the limitations of existing Cannabis micropropagation studies, and recent developments and future directions of Cannabis tissue culture technologies.
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Castander-Olarrieta, Ander, Paloma Moncaleán, and Itziar A. Montalbán. "Pinus canariensis plant regeneration through somatic embryogenesis." Forest Systems 29, no. 1 (March 25, 2020): eSC05. http://dx.doi.org/10.5424/fs/2020291-16136.
Abstract:
Aim of the study: To develop an efficient method to regenerate plants through somatic embryogenesis of an ecologically relevant tree species such as Pinus canariensis.Area of study: The study was conducted in the research laboratories of Neiker-Tecnalia (Arkaute, Spain).Material and methods: Green cones of Pinus canariensis from two collection dates were processed and the resulting immature zygotic embryos were cultured on three basal media. The initiated embryogenic tissues were proliferated testing two subculture frequencies, and the obtained embryogenic cell lines were subjected to maturation. Germination of the produced somatic embryos was conducted and acclimatization was carried out in a greenhouse under controlled conditions.Main results: Actively proliferating embryogenic cell lines were obtained and well-formed somatic embryos that successfully germinated were acclimatized in the greenhouse showing a proper growth.Research highlights: This is the first report on Pinus canariensis somatic embryogenesis, opening the way for a powerful biotechnological tool for both research purposes and massive vegetative propagation of this species.Keywords: acclimatization; Canary Island pine; micropropagation; embryogenic tissue; somatic embryo.Abbreviations used: embryogenic tissue (ET); established cell line (ECL); somatic embryogenesis (SE); somatic embryos (Se’s).
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Larraburu, Ezequiel Enrique, Nancy Mariel Apóstolo, and Berta Elizabet Llorente. "In VitroPropagation of Pink Lapacho: Response Surface Methodology and Factorial Analysis for Optimisation of Medium Components." International Journal of Forestry Research 2012 (2012): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/318258.
Abstract:
Handroanthus impetiginosus, pink lapacho, is a timber, ornamental, and medicinal tree. Experiments on thein vitropropagation ofH. impetiginosuswere conducted using nodal segments cultivated in both Murashige and Skoog salts with Gamborg vitamins (MSG) and Woody Plant Medium (WPM) with different concentrations of 6-benzylaminopurine (BA) and indole butyric acid (IBA). Morphogenic responses were differentially affected by salt compositions and their interactions with plant growth regulators in each micropropagation stage. According to response surface analysis, the optimum multiplication rate with 1 μM IBA ranged from 16.7 to 21.3 μM BA in WPM, and the inhibitors of endogenous auxins could increase multiplication rates. A pulse with 50 μM IBA in1/2MSG produced 83% rooting with 3.2 roots per shoots and higher fresh and dry weights of shoots and roots. In the acclimatisation stage, 50% of plants survived after 1 year. This methodology optimised the culture media for thein vitropropagation of theH. impetiginosusclonal pool and could be applied to related species, several of which are categorised as vulnerable on the International Union for the Conservation of Nature Red List.
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Puwein, Arcadius, and Shiny C. Thomas. "An Overview of Paris polyphylla, a Highly Vulnerable Medicinal Herb of Eastern Himalayan Region for Sustainable Exploitation." Natural Products Journal 10, no. 1 (February 3, 2020): 3–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/2210315508666180518081208.
Abstract:
Background: Paris polyphylla has been traditionally used in China, India and Nepal to relieve various ailments such as antidote for snake bites, insect poison, relieving wounds, sore throat, etc. P. polyphylla like many plants in nature contains numerous potential bioactive compounds. Such bioactive compounds of the herb that have significant biological activities such as anticancer, antibacterial, antifungal and antiviral need to be validated and augmented with many assays. Objective: The objective of this paper is to compile the major research works of the herb and updates information on its developments and approaches that have been rapidly taking place in recent years, so that further novel research can be envisaged. Methods: The published reviews act as the first catalyst and initiator to delve on the studies done so far about this medicinal herb. The research about the plant such as classification, micropropagation, phytochemisty, and bioactivity was investigated from papers that were reported from index journals Results: New compounds such as paristenosides A and B are being added to the existing known compounds. There are new high-throughput approaches in the classification of the plant and micropropagation. The traditional uses of the herb are being validated through different bioactivity assays. Conclusion: The continuous research that is being carried out on this herb implies that the depth of knowledge about the plant is gradually consolidated and the mechanism of the bioactive compounds derived is slowly comprehended.
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Subramanyan, Karthik, and Urmila M. Diwekar. "The “Value of Research” Methodology and Hybrid Power Plant Design." Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research 45, no. 2 (January 2006): 681–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ie0492247.
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Murillo-Gómez, Paola Andrea, Esther Naranjo, Ricardo Callejas, Lucia Atehortúa, and Aura Urrea. "Micropropagation of the native species Anthurium antioquiense Engl. for conservation purposes." Agronomía Colombiana 32, no. 3 (September 1, 2014): 334–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.15446/agron.colomb.v32n3.46809.
Abstract:
Anthurium antioquiense Engl. is a native plant belonging to the Araceae family. It grows on rocks in clear-water rivers and well-protected zones, similar to the waters in certain watersheds of the Antioquia Department, Colombia. Loss of habitat has threatened this promising ornamental plant species, which is also important because of its role in the ecosystem. In vitro tissue culture is considered an efficient alternative for the propagation of endangered species with the aim of establishing short-, medium- and long-term conservation programs. In the present research, in vitro introduction and shoot induction from A. antioquiense seedlings were performed. The highest production of shoots was obtained in a ½ MS (half-salt content) medium with 1 mg L-1 of BAP, which attained a 23.7 shoots/explant per month multiplication rate. The in vitro plants generated from shoots were individualized and transferred to a growth regulator-free medium. Rooting did not require the presence of growth regulators, and the adaptation of the in vitro plants to ex vitro conditions achieved a 98% survival rate.
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Zhang, Zhen, and Zong-Ming Cheng. "Micropropagation of Chokecherry by Shoot Tip Culture." HortScience 31, no. 4 (August 1996): 629c—629. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.31.4.629c.
Abstract:
Chokecherry (Prunus viginiana L.) is an important shrubby species for agroforestry planting in the northern Great Plains states. The X-disease is a serious limiting factor for its utilization. The objective of this research was to produce clonal materials for studying the host and X-disease phytoplasma interactions and for screening X-disease resistant chokecherry germplasms. Shoot tips of 1–2 cm in length were isolated from 1-year old seedling plants, sterilized, and initiated on three basal media supplemented with 5 μm BA and 5 μm IBA. After five weeks, an average of 4.8, 2.2 and 0.3 new shoots were produced on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium, woody plant medium (WPM) and Knop's medium, respectively. The newly formed shoots were subcultured on MS medium with 5 m BA and 5 m IBA. MS and DKW media gave significantly higher proliferation rates (12–13 shoots after 4 weeks) than WPM (5.5 shoots). Microshoots rooted in half-strength MS medium supplemented with 5 and 10 μm of either IBA or NAA. The shoots were either placed on the medium for 19 days, or for 5 days then transferred to a hormone free medium for 14 days. On the media with IBA, 80% to 90% of the microshoots rooted with an average of 2.4 roots per shoot and there were no differences in rooting percentage and root number. When shoots were exposed to NAA for 5 days, 66.7% of shoots on medium with 5 μm NAA, and 83.3% on the medium with 10 m NAA formed an average of 2.2 roots per shoot; but when the shoots were exposed to NAA for 19 days, 36.4% of shoots on the medium with 5 m NAA and 30% on the medium with 10 μm of NAA formed an average of 0.53 roots per shoot. These rooted shoots are under acclimation to the ambient environment.
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Mustafa, Anis Adilah, Mohammad Rahmat Derise, Wilson Thau Lym Yong, and Kenneth Francis Rodrigues. "A Concise Review of Dendrocalamus asper and Related Bamboos: Germplasm Conservation, Propagation and Molecular Biology." Plants 10, no. 9 (September 14, 2021): 1897. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants10091897.
Abstract:
Bamboos represent an emerging forest resource of economic significance and provide an avenue for sustainable development of forest resources. The development of the commercial bamboo industry is founded upon efficient molecular and technical approaches for the selection and rapid multiplication of elite germplasm for its subsequent propagation via commercial agro-forestry business enterprises. This review will delve into the micropropagation of Dendrocalamus asper, one of the most widely cultivated commercial varieties of bamboo, and will encompass the selection of germplasm, establishment of explants in vitro and micropropagation techniques. The currently available information pertaining to molecular biology, DNA barcoding and breeding, has been included, and potential areas for future research in the area of genetic engineering and gene regulation have been highlighted. This information will be of relevance to both commercial breeders and molecular biologists who have an interest in establishing bamboo as a crop of the future.
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WULANDARI, YASINTA RATNA ESTI, and MENWANGI ADRIANASHINTA HARJOSUDIRJO. "Micropropagation of Morus cathayana through in vitro culture from local Bogor, West Java, Indonesia." Nusantara Bioscience 11, no. 1 (January 18, 2019): 18–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.13057/nusbiosci/n110104.
Abstract:
Wulandari YRE, Harjosudirjo MA. 2019. Micropropagation of Morus cathayana through in vitro culture from local Bogor, West Java, Indonesia. Nusantara Bioscience 11: 18-22. Mulberry (Morus spp.) is a dicotyledonous plant known for its medicinal benefits as well as silkworm breeding (Bombyx mori L.) to produce silk. Morus cathayana mainly cultivated due to its high content of 1-deoxynojirimycin, widely utilized as an anti-diabetic agent. However, common practice in planting and maintenance of mulberry generate less profit, contributed to its long juvenile period and high heterozygosity level. Hence the development and cultivation through plant tissue culture techniques are necessary. The purpose of this research was to obtain the best combination of thidiazuron as a plant growth regulator. M. cathayana branches with nodal segments were used as explants. Research stages were explants initiation into Murashige and Skoog media, shoot induction in MS media as control and MS+BAP 1 mg/L+NAA 0.25 mg/L+TDZ 0.1, 0.5, 1 mg/L as treatment media, and statistical data analysis. Greater increase in shoot growth was observed in MS+BAP 1 mg/L+NAA 0.25 mg/L+TDZ 0.5 mg/L media, while the formation of shoots and calluses on the explants grown in control and treatment media showed no significant growth.
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Oliveira, Beatriz Cristina de, Maria Eduarda Barboza Souza de Oliveira, and Jean Carlos Cardoso. "Feasibility of the new method for orchid in vitro rooting using liquid and chemical sterilized culture medium under different sucrose concentration." Ornamental Horticulture 25, no. 3 (September 2019): 263–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2447-536x.v25i3.2047.
Abstract:
Abstract The in vitro propagation of orchids is the only commercial large scale technique to obtain healthy and high quality plantlets with clonal origin. The use of new technologies in plant tissue culture systems could lead to efficiency increases and costs reduction of micropropagation systems. The main actual micropropagation system is based on semi-solid culture media solidified using agar, followed by sterilization using autoclaving, and cultivation under photomixotrophic conditions using sucrose as main source of energy to plant in vitro culture. We proposed in this study the use of new micropropagation system using chemical sterilized liquid medium using polyurethane foam as support and LED source of light in rooting stage of Miltassia ‘Shelobie Tolkien’. Thus, the objective of this research was to test different concentrations of sucrose, comparing the conventional semi-solid agar-based culture medium (control) and the use of liquid medium with polyurethane foam support. The following sucrose concentrations were used: 0, 7.5, 15, 22.5 and 30 g L-1. The experiment was conducted in a 2 × 5 factorial, in a completely randomized design with ten replications each over a total period of 105 days of cultivation. The chemical sterilization using ClO2 showed 100% of decontamination in all treatments. The use of liquid media with polyurethane foam showed better results than plants cultivated in agar medium, and can be used for replace agar-based for orchid in vitro rooting.
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Tasheva, Krasimira, and Georgina Kosturkova. "The Role of Biotechnology for Conservation and Biologically Active Substances Production ofRhodiola rosea: Endangered Medicinal Species." Scientific World Journal 2012 (2012): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1100/2012/274942.
Abstract:
At present, more than 50 000 plant species are used in phytotherapy and medicine. About 2/3 of them are harvested from nature leading to local extinction of many species or degradation of their habitats. Biotechnological methods offer possibilities not only for faster cloning and conservation of the genotype of the plants but for modification of their gene information, regulation, and expression for production of valuable substances in higher amounts or with better properties.Rhodiola roseais an endangered medicinal species with limited distribution. It has outstanding importance for pharmaceutical industry for prevention and cure of cancer, heart and nervous system diseases, and so forth. Despite the great interest in golden root and the wide investigations in the area of phytochemistry, plant biotechnology remained less endeavoured and exploited. The paper presents research on initiation ofin vitrocultures inRhodiola roseaand some otherRhodiola species. Achievements in induction of organogenic and callus cultures, regeneration, and micropropagation varied but were a good basis for alternativein vitrosynthesis of the desired metabolites and for the development of efficient systems for micropropagation for conservation of the species.
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Lohr, Virginia I. "Conducting Horticultural Research with Youth: Research Issues and Methodology." HortScience 32, no. 3 (June 1997): 556F—557. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.32.3.556f.
Abstract:
Conducting research with human subjects involves many of the same issues involved with conducting any type of research. As horticulturists, we are aware of the range of variability that can be introduced when working with living organisms. This variability can come from environmental influences as well as genetic variation. These can be major factors when conducting research with people as well. Research with people also introduces complicating interactions between the researchers and the subjects. When working with humans as subjects, federal regulations must be considered; these regulations are even stricter when the research involves youth. These additional factors, which should be considered when designing studies to understand the impacts of plants and plant programs on youth, will be discussed.
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Hawkins, Tracy S., Nathan M. Schiff, Emile S. Gardiner, Theodor Leininger, Margaret S. Devall, Dan Wilson, Paul Hamel, Deborah D. McCown, and Kristina Connor. "Micropropagation of the Endangered Shrub Pondberry (Lindera melissifolia [Walt.] Blume)." HortScience 42, no. 2 (April 2007): 407–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.42.2.407.
Abstract:
A micropropagation protocol using shoot cultures is described for Lindera melissifolia, a federally listed endangered shrub endemic to the southeastern United States. Stock plants were harvested from native L. melissifolia populations growing in the lower Mississippi Alluvial Valley. In vitro proliferation was on woody plant medium supplemented with 1 μm zeatin. After 6 weeks, zeatin level was increased to 5 μm. Treatment of micropropagated shoots with a liquid auxin (2 indole-3-butyric acid : 1 1-naphthalenacetic acid) resulted in a low mean rooting percentage (≤44%) compared with rooting in the absence of auxins and on a pure peat medium ex vitro, which increased rooting to ≥80%. Time to rooting was 8 weeks. Plants were acclimatized for 2 weeks, then potted in a 2 peat : 1 perlite medium supplemented with superphosphate, 10N–10P–10K, and Milorganite. Micropropagated L. melissifolia stecklings have been successfully outplanted in both controlled and field studies at the Center for Bottomland Hardwoods Research (Stoneville, Miss.).
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Fari, M. G., T. Kertesz, M. Laszlo, and ZS Varga. "DESIGN OF A REVERT ROTARY PLANT MICROPROPAGATION BIOREACTOR ¿ ´3R´ SYSTEM: APPLICATION FOR RESEARCH, POSSIBILITIES OF SCALING-UP AND LIMITATIONS." Acta Horticulturae, no. 725 (November 2006): 561–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.2006.725.79.
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HARMONOSKY, CATHERINE M., and GREGORY K. TOTHERO. "A multi-factor plant layout methodology." International Journal of Production Research 30, no. 8 (August 1992): 1773–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00207549208948121.
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Dwiyani, Rindang, Aziz Purwantoro, Ari Indrianto, and Endang Semiarti. "Micropropagation of Orchid Carrying Knotted1?Like from Arabidopsis thaliana (Knat1) Gene." Plant Tissue Culture and Biotechnology 25, no. 1 (July 9, 2015): 13–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ptcb.v25i1.24121.
Abstract:
KNOTED1?LIKE from Arabidopsis thaliana (KNAT1) gene keeps shoot apical meristem (SAM) in the meristematic state. The objective of the research was to investigate whether the function of KNAT1 gene in keeping plant cells under meristematic state was functionally still work in the organ of the KNAT1 transformant. The transformant and WT plants were micropropagated, sliced and cut into some pieces, i.e. base of root, middle of root, root tip, a whole shoot, base of leaf, and leaf tip and planted in the New Phalaenopsis medium added with and without 5?M 2?iP and 0.15 ?M NAA. The results show that cells of KNAT1 transformant were more meristematic compared to wild type plants as the organ produced more buds in micropropagation.Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 25(1): 13-20, 2015 (June)
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Lineberger, R. Daniel. "The Plant Tissue Culture Information Exchange: A Web Site for Teachers, Researchers, Practitioners, and Students." HortScience 30, no. 4 (July 1995): 757C—757. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.30.4.757c.
Abstract:
The World Wide Web is the most rapidly growing communication tool in use today. The Web links networked computers of all sizes and types through use of a hypermedia application known as a “browser.” Hypermedia technology allows research-based information related to plant tissue culture to be disseminated world-wide rapidly and cheaply, and to audiences that previously had difficulty accessing the information through scholarly journals (practitioners, secondary school students, consumers). The Plant Tissue Culture Information Exchange resides on the Aggie Horticulture homepage (http://aggie-horticulture.tamu.edu). Present contents include information on suppliers of tissue culture equipment and media, research reports on micropropagation of several ornamental species, and links to tissue culture related material at other universities. Hardware, software, and network requirements to access the Information Exchange and the construction of hypertext documents for inclusion in the Information Exchange will be presented.
41
Rani, Archana, M. Kumar, and Sanjeev Kumar. "Effect of growth regulators on micropropagation of Rauvolfia serpentina (L.) Benth." Journal of Applied and Natural Science 6, no. 2 (December 1, 2014): 507–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.31018/jans.v6i2.490.
Abstract:
An efficient protocol for micropropagation through in vitro culture of Rauvolfia serpentina was standardized. Out of different combination of phytohormone tested, MS media supplemented with 0.5 mg L-1Indole Acetic Acid + 0.5 mg L Nephthalene acetic acid was found to be finest for mean callus induction (62.66%) as well as callus mediated shoot regeneration with mean percentage response (56) and number of shoot per culture (5). In direct shoot regeneration, best growth of axillary shoots was obtained on MS media supplemented with 0.5 mg L-1 Indole Acetic Acid + 0.5 mg L-1 Benzyl Amino Purine with maximum mean percentage response(77.33) and number of shoots per culture (9.0) ,however the best shoot elongation of shoot was found on MS media supplemented with 3.0 mg L-1 IAA plus 3.0 mg L-1BAP with 6.50(mean) . Higher induction of root (88%) with mean number of root per culture (12) was observed in MS medium supplemented with Indole Butyric Acid (3.0 mg L-1). The rooted plantlets were successfully established in the field. The protocol was optimized by manipulations of different PGRs for enhanced multiplication. Protocol explained in this research paper provides a rapid plant regeneration system which could be used for production of large number of true to the type, uniform, disease free, elite, plantlets right through the year, which will make things easier for large scale cultivation of this endangered important medicinal plant.
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Lattier, Jason D., Darren H. Touchell, Thomas G. Ranney, and Jeremy C. Smith. "Micropropagation and Polyploid Induction of Acer platanoides ‘Crimson Sentry." Journal of Environmental Horticulture 31, no. 4 (December 1, 2013): 246–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.24266/0738-2898.31.4.246.
Abstract:
Protocols were developed for micropropagation and induction of autopolyploids in a fastigiate cultivar of Norway maple (A. platanoides L. ‘Crimson Sentry’). Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium, woody plant medium (WPM), and Quoirin and Lepoivre medium were supplemented with 2 μM 6-benzylaminopurine (BA), meta-Topolin, 6-(γ,γ-dimethylallylamino) purine, kinetin, or thidiazuron to evaluate microshoot proliferation. Murashige and Skoog medium with 2 μM BA yielded the most microshoots (3.2) and longest microshoots (30.6 mm) per subsample after 5 weeks. The influence of BA concentration on proliferation was evaluated at 0, 2, 4, 8, or 16 μM. Optimal multiplication rate was achieved at 2 or 4 μM BA producing approximately 2.8 microcuttings per subsample after 5 weeks. To induce in vitro rooting, half-strength WPM was supplemented with 0, 5, 10, 20, 40, or 80 μM indole-3-butyric acid (IBA). Optimal in vitro rooting (70%), number of roots (2.5), and root length (15 mm) per subsample were achieved with 10 μM IBA after 8 weeks. To induce polyploidy, microcuttings were pretreated for 7 days on MS medium with 4 μM BA alone or combined with 1 μM IBA, indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), or 1-naphthaleneacetic acid prior to treatment in liquid MS medium containing 15 μM oryzalin for 3 days. Homogenous tetraploids were only obtained from shoots pretreated with IAA. This research provides optimized protocols for micropropagation and autopolyploid induction of A. platanoides ‘Crimson Sentry’ and demonstrates the development of tetraploid lines for use in future improvement programs.
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Barney, Danny L., Omar A. Lopez, and Elizabeth King. "Micropropagation of Cascade Huckleberry, Mountain Huckleberry, and Oval-leaf Bilberry Using Woody Plant Medium and Murashige and Skoog Medium Formulations." HortTechnology 17, no. 3 (January 2007): 279–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech.17.3.279.
Abstract:
Two concentrations of two in vitro media formulations were evaluated for their effects on survival, shoot growth, and percentage rooting of cascade huckleberry (Vaccinium deliciosum), mountain huckleberry (V. membranaceum), and oval-leaf bilberry (V. ovalifolium). Two-node stem sections from established microshoots were cultured on full- or half-strength modified Murashige and Skoog medium (FSMS and HSMS) or full- or half-strength modified woody plant medium (FSWPM and HSWPM) unamended with plant growth regulators. Cultures were maintained at 21 °C with a 16-hour photoperiod for 98 days. Survival on FSMS was reduced by ≈44% for cascade huckleberry, 63% for mountain huckleberry, and 18% for oval-leaf bilberry compared with average survival on HSMS, HSWPM, and FSWPM. Explants on FSMS also produced new shoot growth having the lowest dry weights, fewest shoots, and shortest shoots of the four media. Explant rooting percentages were also least on FSMS. For cascade huckleberry and oval-leaf bilberry, HSMS, HSWPM, and FSWPM all appeared suitable for general culture. For mountain huckleberry, both woody plant medium formulations produced greater microshoot dry weights, average shoot lengths, and explant rooting percentages compared with HSMS. These results are the first published on micropropagation for cascade huckleberry and oval-leaf bilberry, and provide starting protocols for commercial propagation and further research on micropropagation of these species.
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Freire, Cassio G., João P. P. Gardin, César M. Baratto, and Renato L. Vieira. "Different Methods for Overcoming Integumental Dormancy during in vitro Germination of Red Araza Seeds." Journal of Agricultural Science 9, no. 1 (December 7, 2016): 174. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jas.v9n1p174.
Abstract:
<p>Red Araza, or Red Strawberry Guava (<em>Psidium cattleianum </em>Sabine) is a native Brazilian Atlantic Forest species of the Myrtaceae family, whose seeds exhibit integumental dormancy. Due to its importance to different industries worldwide, recent research efforts are seeking to expand this species’ micropropagation processes using <em>in vitro</em> seedling germination, especially since <em>in vitro</em> micropropagation of adult plant material has, so far, been limited. This research effort evaluated different methods of overcoming integumental dormancy during <em>in vitro</em> germination of the Red Araza, so as to allow future micropropagation of the species. The seeds’ emergence and vigor were evaluated based on mechanical and acid scarification, using different substrates and immersions in solutions with different levels of gibberellic acid (GA<sub>3</sub>), and on the influence of the pre-immersion of seeds in water and sulfuric acid. The mechanical and acid scarification of the seeds, combined or separate, resulted in higher <em>in vitro</em> germination percentages and a higher germination rate index (GRI). Pre-immersion in distilled water (20 hours) also proved to be efficient for the germination of the Red Araza seed, with 76.2% of the seeds germinating and a higher speed of emergence (GRI = 0.18). When compared to a Murashige and Skoog (MS-zero) medium, sowing in a hydrophilic cotton substrate showed greater emergence and vigor, with approximately 70% of the seeds germinating. Treating the seeds by pre-immersing them in GA<sub>3</sub> turned out to be unnecessary. The methods used for overcoming integumental dormancy during <em>in vitro</em> germination of Red Araza seeds proved to be efficient, and could be used to develop micropropagation protocols of seminal origin for this species.</p>
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Nguyen, Thuy Linh Thi, Ngoc Thi Pham, Thao Thi Ninh, and Phuong Thao Thi Nguyen. "A Practical and Efficient Method for the Micropropagation of Japanese Cherry (Prunus sp.)." Vietnam Journal of Agricultural Sciences 1, no. 4 (February 16, 2019): 261–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.31817/vjas.2018.1.4.02.
Abstract:
This study was conducted to establish the procedure for in vitro propagation of Japanese cherry (Prunus sp.) to produce large quantity of plantlets and initial planting materials for climate adaptation research of this plant in Hanoi. Single nodal stems were used as the primary explants and initially produced shoots on MS medium supplemented with 1 mg L-1 BA. The highest shoot multiplication rate (9.57 times) was obtained on MS medium containing 1 mg L-1 BA and 0.25 mg L-1 a-NAA after 8 weeks of culture. 100% of the shoots produced roots with a mean of 10.10 roots per plant within 4 weeks on ½ MSM medium with 4 mg L-1 IBA. The survival rate of in vitro derived plantlets after a 6 to 7-week-period of rooting during acclimatization using a soil: coco peat: smoked rice husks (2:2:1, v/v/v) substrate was 100% and acclimatized plantlets showed good growth and development. This is the first report on a practical and efficient in vitro multiplication protocol for Japanese cherry in Vietnam, starting from shoot initiation to establishment of plants under greenhouse conditions.
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Singh, Gurwinder, Bhawandeep Kaur, Navdeep Sharma, Anisha Bano, Sanjeev Kumar, Harcharan S. Dhaliwal, and Vivek Sharma. "In vitro micropropagation and cytomorphological evaluation of Centella asiatica (L.) urban (Mandukparni) from Himachal Pradesh, India - an endemic, endangered and threatened herb." Plant Tissue Culture and Biotechnology 24, no. 2 (June 2, 2015): 155–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ptcb.v24i2.23550.
Abstract:
The present research work reports the cytomorphological evaluation and an efficient protocol for in vitro micropropagation of an endemic, endangered and threatened herb Centella asiatica (L.) Urban (Mandukparni) from Himachal Pradesh, India. Plant species is a potent memory enhancer, antidiabetic, antioxidant, antimutagenic, anticancerous and also reported to have cardiovascular properties and used to cure chronic hepatitis disorders. Eight morphometric characters for each 10 different accessions were extensively studied, but no new morphotype was reported. As per the cytology, the present report (2n = 18) confirmed the earlier chromosome counts from India and abroad. As there is an important need to preserve this plant species and to make it available all over the year to pharmaceutical industries without causing loss of germplasm from the wild region, efficient in vitro micropropagation protocol through nodal explant has been developed. As per the results, the highest percentage of multiple shoot induction was 90.20 showing average 16.3 number of shoots on the medium augmented with 2.0 mg/l BAP + 0.5 mg/l Kn. Whereas, the combined concentration of 1.0 mg/l NAA + 1.0 mg/l IBA showed highest 92.2% root induction with average 16.5 number of roots per shoot. The survival rate of these plantlets under green house condition was 80%. This protocol can be used for further regeneration and genetic transformation studies in Centella
Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 24(2): 155-171, 2014 (December)
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Kabir, S. M. H., M. S. Ali, and M. K. Islam. "IN VITRO PLANT REGENERATION OF SOYBEAN (Glycine max L.) FROM HYPOCOTYL." Bangladesh Journal of Plant Breeding and Genetics 21, no. 1 (June 30, 2008): 43–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjpbg.v21i1.17049.
Abstract:
The Experiment was conducted to establish an efficient plant regeneration protocol from hypocotyl sections of soybean. Callus initiation, shoot and root development were observed by using different concentrations and combinations of growth regulators. The best result for callus induction was observed in MS medium supplemented with 1.5 mg/l Kinetin and 2.0 mg/l NAA. The calli were transferred to shoot induction medium. The best shoot induction occurred in the medium containing 3.0 mg/l BAP and 0.5 mg/l NAA. The elongated shoots developed roots on MS medium supplemented with different IBA concentrations where 1.5 mg/l IBA was the best for root development. Plantlets with a well developed root system were transplanted in plastic container with a soil mixture of cowdung and fine sand. Plantlet survival rate was 70%. Through this experiment, a general suitable regeneration protocol from hypocotyls of soybean has been developed which can potentially be used for micropropagation and future transformation research in soybean.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjpbg.v21i1.17049
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Sharry, Sandra, Marina Adema, María A. Basiglio Cordal, Blanca Villarreal, Noelia Nikoloff, Valentina Briones, and Walter Abedini. "Propagation and Conservation of Native Forest Genetic Resources of Medicinal Use by Means of In Vitro and ex vitro Techniques." Natural Product Communications 6, no. 7 (July 2011): 1934578X1100600. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1934578x1100600715.
Abstract:
In Argentina, there are numerous native species which are an important source of natural products and which are traditionally used in medicinal applications. Some of these species are going through an intense extraction process in their natural habitat which may affect their genetic diversity. The aim of this study was to establish vegetative propagation systems for three native forestal species of medicinal interest. This will allow the rapid obtainment of plants to preserve the germplasm. This study included the following species which are widely used in folk medicine and its applications: Erythrina crista-galli or “seibo” (astringent, used for its cicatrizant properties and for bronchiolitic problems); Acacia caven or “espinillo” (antirheumatic, digestive, diuretic and with cicatrizant properties) and Salix humboldtiana or “sauce criollo” (antipyretic, sedative, antispasmodic, astringent). The methodology included the micropropagation of seibo, macro and micropropagation of Salix humboldtiana and the somatic embryogenesis of Acacia caven. The protocol for seibo regeneration was adjusted from nodal sections of seedlings which were obtained from seeds germinated in vitro. The macropropagation through rooted cuttings of “sauce criollo” was achieved and complete plants of this same species were obtained through both direct and indirect organogenesis using in vitro cultures. The somatic embryogenesis for Acacia caven was optimized and this led to obtain a high percentage of embryos in different stages of development. We are able to support the conservation of native forest resources of medicinal use by means of vegetative propagation techniques.
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Clapa, Doina, Claudiu Bunea, Orsolya Borsai, Adela Pintea, Monica Hârța, Răzvan Ştefan, and Alexandru Fira. "The Role of Sequestrene 138 in Highbush Blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) Micropropagation." HortScience 53, no. 10 (October 2018): 1487–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci13269-18.
Abstract:
The current research was carried out to investigate the effects of iron source in the culture media for Vaccinium corymbosum L. ʻBluerayʼ, ʻDukeʼ, and ʻPatriotʼ cultivars grown on five different types of medium (Woody Plant Medium supplemented with 1.0 mg·L−1 zeatin and 0, 25, 50, 75, and 100 mg·L−1 Sequestrene 138). After 10 weeks of culture, seven physiological parameters were measured, such as the number and length of axillary shoots, rooting and acclimatization percentage, as well as chlorophyll (a, b, a/b) and carotenoid content of the leaves. Adding Sequestrene 138 to the culture media led to a slight decrease of the proliferation rate but increased the length of the shoots. The chlorophyll and carotenoid content in all of the three cultivars was considerably increased as the iron concentration of the media increased. The shoots developed on the Sequestrene 138–free medium were chlorotic and short, whereas at different concentrations of iron in the culture medium the shoots were dark green and vigorous, providing a greater acclimatization success than those grown in iron-free medium.
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Pradhan, Shreeti, Babu Lal Tiruwa, Bijay R. Subedee, and Bijaya Pant. "Micropropagation of Cymbidium aloifolium (L.) SW., A Medicinal Orchid by Artificial Seeds Technology." Journal of Natural History Museum 28 (December 19, 2015): 42–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jnhm.v28i0.14166.
Abstract:
Artificial seed technology is a rapidly growing area of research in plant cell and tissue culture. Application of this technology opens an alternative route for mass scale production, efficient delivery of cloned plantlets and fulfils the increasing demand of local growers. An attempt was made to produce artificial seeds and their subsequent regeneration of a highly valuable medicinal orchid of Nepal i.e. Cymbidium aloifolium. Artificial seeds were obtained through encapsulation of protocorms in calcium alginate beads. Protocorms were encapsulated by using 3% sodium alginate and 0.2 M calcium chloride solution. Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium (1962) was used as the basal medium for in vitro germination and seedling development of artificial seed. In Cymbidium aloifolium, 20-25 days old in vitro grown protocorms were used for production of artificial seeds. Artificial seeds were inoculated on two different culture conditions of MS medium i.e. MS solid & MS liquid with four different treatments i.e. strength of 1.0, ½, ¼ and MS media supplemented with plant growth regulators viz. BAP (0.5 mg/l) and NAA (0.5 mg/l). Highest percentage of germination (100%) and plantlet conversion was found on hormone free full strength (1.0 MS) of MS liquid medium after 13-14 weeks of culture. Plantlets regenerated from artificial seeds with well developed shoot and root systems were successfully acclimatized in potting mixture of cocopeat, litter and sphagnum moss in a ratio 2:1:1.J. Nat. Hist. Mus. Vol. 28, 2014: 42-48