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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Plant Pathology'

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1

Mahaman, Sabiou 1957. "Nitrogen requirements of grain sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) under soil moisture stress." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/277251.

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Water and fertilizers are the two major agricultural inputs limiting yields in the arid and semi-arid regions of the world. Proper knowledge of their influence on crops should be obtained for appreciable returns. Therefore, a field study was conducted to evaluate the effects of four nitrogen (N) treatments (0, 56, 112, and 168 kg N/ha), two water (M) levels (39 and 58 cm), and two varieties (V) (Funks G-522DR and Conlee Rusler) on dry matter production, total N concentration, and yield of grain sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench). Total N concentration, dry matter, and grain yield were incre
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2

Frey, Timothy S. "An Investigation of The Role of Amino Acids in Plant-Plant Parasitic Nematode Chemotaxis and Infestation." The Ohio State University, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu15659761481711.

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3

Vélez, Heriberto. "Alternaria alternata mannitol metabolism in plant-pathogen interactions." NCSU, 2005. http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/theses/available/etd-12282005-171313/.

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Mannitol is purported to have role in fungi as a storage carbohydrate and has been shown to quench reactive oxygen species (ROS) both in vitro and in vivo. Mannitol metabolism in fungi is thought to occur through the mannitol cycle, which was proposed in the late 1970?s from studies of cell free extracts of the fungus Alternaria alternata. In this cycle, mannitol 1-phosphate 5-dehydrogenase (MPDH; EC 1.1.1.17) reduces fructose 6-phosphate into mannitol 1-phosphate, which is dephosphorylated by a mannitol 1-phosphatase (EC 3.1.3.22) resulting in mannitol and inorganic phosphate. Mannitol also c
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4

Farinas, Coralie. "Understanding the Powdery Mildew Disease of the Ornamental Plant Phlox: Combining Applied and Basic Research." The Ohio State University, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1594375153330343.

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5

Meyn, Malcolm Anthony 1967. "A genetic, biochemical, and population analysis of MGL, a non-LTR retroelement from the plant pathogenic fungus Magnaporthe grisea." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/288755.

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This dissertation describes the characterization of a novel transposable element isolated from the plant pathogenic fungus Magnaporthe grisea. The sequence of MGR583, a previously reported repeated DNA fragment, was completed and shown to have features characteristic of non-LTR retroelements (LINEs). These include an element length of 5.9 kb, the lack of flanking long terminal repeats, the presence of short (6-13 bp) direct repeats flanking many element copies, and two principal open reading frames (ORFs). The first ORF is 570 amino acids in length and contains homology to the gag ORFs found
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6

Parks, Wesley Ryan. "Structure of the Eastern U.S. Wheat Powdery Mildew Population." NCSU, 2008. http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/theses/available/etd-01032008-214715/.

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In the eastern U. S. and other wheat growing areas of the world, powdery mildew is a major constraint to the production of wheat. Currently, the most effective and economical means of control is to use resistant cultivars. Unfortunately, the diversity of the pathogen population enables the pathogen to overcome new resistance genes, often within several seasons of commercial deployment. Surveys to determine the virulence of the population to a set of resistance genes have been performed in many areas of the world. Often, differential frequencies of virulence at varying geographic areas are exte
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7

Olson, Heather Anne. "Biocontrol of Botrytis blight and Rhizoctonia stem rot in geranium by binucleate Rhizoctonia and Trichoderma hamatum as mediated by ISR." NCSU, 2007. http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/theses/available/etd-01192007-123849/.

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Three root-colonizing fungi, binucleate Rhizoctonia (BNR) isolate BNR621, BNR isolate P9023, and Trichoderma hamatum 382 (T382) were studied for suppression of Botrytis blight in geranium and demonstration of induced systemic resistance (ISR) as a mechanism of biocontrol. Root isolations of the BNR fungi confirmed that BNR621 and P9023 colonized the geranium root system. Root colonization is considered a requirement for biocontrol. Induction of resistance to Botrytis blight was observed in geraniums transplanted into potting mix amended with formulations of P9023 and T382 2 weeks prior to inoc
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8

Blanco-Meneses, Monica. "Population Biology and Detection of the Tobacco Blue Mold Pathogen, Peronospora tabacina." NCSU, 2009. http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/theses/available/etd-03092009-143022/.

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Peronospora tabacina Adam. is the causal agent of blue mold or downy mildew of tobacco. The pathogen is a fungus-like organism and is a member of the Oomycota. P. tabacina is an obligate parasite restricted to the genus Nicotiana spp. Identification of the pathogen is difficult since symptoms and signs generally occur 6-12 days post inoculation. The spread of the pathogen occurs through aerial long distance dispersal of inoculum and severe epidemics occur yearly in tobacco growing areas of the world. One objective of this work was to develop a real-time Taq Man assay for the detection and quan
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9

Patel, Nrupali. "Functional Analyses of Cyst Nematode Parasitism Genes." NCSU, 2008. http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/theses/available/etd-03102008-221413/.

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Cyst nematodes in the genus Heterodera are sedentary endoparasites that induce elaborate feeding cells within host roots by secreting proteins produced within nematode esophageal glands into plant cells. Functional analyses of selected cyst nematode parasitism genes that encode such secreted proteins was the objective of this dissertation. Homologs of four parasitism genes initially isolated from Heterodera glycines, including Hg4F01 (annexin-like protein), HgSYV46 (CLAVATA3-like plant peptide mimic), Hg4E02 and Hg5D08 (novel proteins with putative host nuclear localization) were isolated from
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10

Wong, Mui-Yun. "Physiological and Molecular Analysis of Nitric Oxide Synthase During Bacterial Infection of Pea (Pisum sativum L.)." NCSU, 2004. http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/theses/available/etd-05202004-173922/.

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Nitric oxide (NO) and reactive oxygen species are two key components in the induction of the hypersensitive response (HR) during plant defense against pathogen infection. In animal cells, the production of NO is catalyzed by nitric oxide synthase (NOS). Although NOS activity has been documented in plants, the process of NO synthesis in plants is not well understood. Isolation of the NOS protein and/or cloning of the corresponding gene will greatly facilitate the understanding of NO synthesis and its role in plant defense. The objectives of this research were to analyze the physiological and bi
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11

Sullivan, Melinda Jo. "Characterization and Management of the Race Structure of Phytophthora parasitica var. nicotianae." NCSU, 2004. http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/theses/available/etd-10292004-152059/.

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Deployment of tobacco cultivars with single-gene (Ph), complete resistance to race 0 of the tobacco black shank pathogen has resulted in a rapid increase in the occurrence of race 1 in N.C. A four-year cultivar rotation study was conducted in three fields to assess how different levels and types of resistance affected the race structure and population dynamics of the pathogen. In a mixed race field, the high level of partial resistance in ?K 346? was most effective in reducing disease and race 1 populations decreased. The deployment of complete resistance in ?NC 71? resulted in intermediate le
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12

Ruark, Sarah Johnson. "Evaluation of Biological and Other Novel Seed Treatments for Organic Peanut Production." NCSU, 2008. http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/theses/available/etd-10312008-133746/.

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Poor stands are a constraint on organic peanut production because stand losses of 50% or more are possible with untreated seed. Biological, other novel seed treatments, and soil amendments were tested for efficacy against pre- and post-emergence damping-off in greenhouse, microplot, and field plot trials. Seed of the lines Perry, GP-NC 343, and N03081T were utilized in all trials. Nine treatments were tested in natural soil in the greenhouse. Treatments included Bacillus subtilis (Kodiak), B. pumilus (Yield Shield), Trichoderma harzianum (T-22 PB and Plantshield HC), Muscodor albus, Coniothyri
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13

Schoenbaum, Elizabeth. "Genotypic Characterization of Phytophthora cinnamomi from Ornamental Crops in North Carolina." NCSU, 2008. http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/theses/available/etd-11042008-100454/.

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Forty-two Phytophthora cinnamomi isolates from Camellia spp., Ilex spp., Juniperus spp., and Rhododendron spp. were characterized for mating type, mefenoxam fungicide sensitivity, and aggressiveness on Rhododendron âHino de Giriâ. Isolates collected from Camellia spp. were of the A1 mating type, while isolates from the other host plants were A2. All isolates were sensitive to mefenoxam at 100 ppm and all but one was sensitive at 1 ppm. Isolates from Rhododendron spp. scored higher average foliar disease and root rot ratings, while A1 isolates from Camellia spp. had the lowest average foliar di
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14

Hudson, Laura Christine. "Analysis of Cell Wall Synthesis Genes in Feeding Cells Formed by Root-Knot Nematodes." NCSU, 2009. http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/theses/available/etd-12032008-123305/.

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Root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne sp.) are sedentary endoparasites that infect roots of a wide range of plant species and cause considerable economic loss to many crops. Root-knot nematodes (RKN) transform selected root vascular cells into enlarged, multinucleate feeding sites called giant-cells that arise from repeated karyokinesis without cytokinesis. Giant-cells undergo extensive modifications of the cell wall architecture including cell wall thickening and the formation of ingrowths that act to increase the surface area of the plasma membrane to facilitate solute uptake by the nematode. Ext
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15

Aris, Virginie Marie. "Use of Weather-based Modeling for Disease Management of Early Leaf Spot of Peanut and Glume Blotch of Wheat." NCSU, 1999. http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/theses/available/etd-19991104-074954.

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<p>Weather based models help time fungicide applications to the periods when the diseases are most likely to occur. The first objective of this work was to compare and adapt weather-based advisories developed for the control of Cercospora arachidicola on peanuts for resistant cultivars. It was achieved by comparing the disease progress curves of the 1997-1999 growing seasons in Lewiston NC, to spray schedules simulated by the Virginia Advisory, the Parvin, Smith and Crosby Advisory (PSC), NC Advisory, and AU-Pnuts Advisory and their adaptations for resistance. Field trials were conducted in 19
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16

Price, Michael Scott. "CHARACTERIZATION OF ASPERGILLUS NIGER FOR REMOVAL OF COPPER AND ZINC FROM SWINE WASTEWATER." NCSU, 2000. http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/theses/available/etd-20000413-153002.

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<p>The United States has experienced a recent boom in pork production. Associated with this growth has been a shift from traditional small family farm units to large confined housing operations. North Carolina, with 9.5 million swine, has been the leader in the development of large, efficient swine operations and is second only to Iowa in pork production. This change has resulted in production of more swine on less land and an increase in animal waste application to adjoining farm land. The repeated application of swine waste may result in increased accumulation of copper and zinc in soils. Th
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17

Dalla, Lana da Silva Felipe. "Influence of the Environment on the Occurrence of and Hybrid Stability to Gibberella ear rot and Deoxynivalenol in Maize and the Risk of Deoxynivalenol Contamination of Grain." The Ohio State University, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1602778050643923.

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18

Kobayashi, Hideka. "Aureobasidium Microstictum (Bubak) Cooke, The Casual Agent of Leaf Streak of Daylily (Hemerocallis L.), and Its Involvement in Spring Sickness of Daylily." The Ohio State University, 1998. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1364222371.

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19

Lin, Junyan. "NONHOST RESISTANCE TO BEAN POD MOTTLE VIRUS IN NICOTIANA BENTHAMIANA." The Ohio State University, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1372723537.

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20

Subedi, Nagendra. "Use of Biorational Products for the Control of Diseases in HighTunnel Tomatoes and Induction of Certain Defense Genes in tomato by Trichoderma hamatum 382." The Ohio State University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1250602215.

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21

Wang, Hehe. "Identification and Dissection of Soybean QTL Conferring Resistance to Phytophthora sojae." The Ohio State University, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1321389470.

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22

Lewis, Ivey Melanie L. "Assessing Microbial Risks and Management Strategies in Vegetables." The Ohio State University, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1322273090.

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23

Anco, Daniel J. "Epidemiological Studies of the Sporulation Potential and Environmental Factors Affecting Sporulation of Phomopsis viticola on Infected Grapevines." The Ohio State University, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1322495236.

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24

D'Angelo, Daisy L. "Effects of Fungicide Chemistry and Application Timing on Fusarium Head Blightand Deoxynivalenol in Soft Red Winter Wheat." The Ohio State University, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1386024180.

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25

Wutz, Laura Ann. "Occurrence and Control of Microdochium Blight in Ohio Pumpkin Fields." The Ohio State University, 2003. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1394809233.

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26

Joshi, Raghavendra. "Identification, characterization of DNA sequences specific to Bacilus subtilis with biocontrol potential and development of PCR assay targeting them in multitemplate environment." The Ohio State University, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1407149313.

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27

Mora, Santiago Xavier Mideros. "Study of incomplete resistance to Phytophthora sojae in soybean." The Ohio State University, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1407404366.

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28

Jia, Hongtao. "An evaluation of protocols for stabilizing pathotypes of Phytophthora Sojae isolates and characterizing race-specific resistant genes in soybean plant introductions." The Ohio State University, 2003. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1413365001.

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29

Subedi, Nagendra. "Characterization and Management of Ralstonia solanacearum Populations in South Asia." The Ohio State University, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1429719749.

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30

Debenport, Spencer James. "IDENTIFICATION OF FINE SCALE RESPONSES IN MILLET ROOT-ZONEMICROBIOMES TO INTERCROPPING WITH WOODY SHRUBS IN THE SAHEL." The Ohio State University, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1433754938.

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31

Gillis, Donald Patriq Bruce Gillis. "Assessment of a novel delivery system for microbial inoculants and the novel microbe Mitsuaria spp. H24L5A." The Ohio State University, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1461312230.

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32

Eyre, Meredith M. "Characterizing the Effect of Increased Phosphorus and Potassium on Seedling Diseases and Sudden Death Syndrome of Soybean in Ohio." The Ohio State University, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1468589286.

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33

Navarro-Acevedo, Krystel A. "Development and Testing of Harpin Based Products for the Control of Nematodes and Fungal Plant Pathogens." The Ohio State University, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1480631423709319.

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34

Medina, Rachel Morales. "Investigation of Maize Root Exudates on Heterodera glycines Populations under Direct and Indirect Exposure." The Ohio State University, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1482499805741097.

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35

Lin, Shan. "Etiology, Epidemiology and Management of Fruit Rot of Deciduous Holly in U.S. Nursery Production." The Ohio State University, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1543239267181558.

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36

Guo, Qin. "Molecular Dissection of a Viral Protein that both Facilitates & Represses the Replication of the Cognate Virus." The Ohio State University, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1572350348169042.

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37

Navarro-Acevedo, Krystel A. "Oomycete Community Diversity and Pathogenicity Associated with Soybean in Ohio." The Ohio State University, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu157478435564676.

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38

Saint-Preux, Carlos. "Economic Feasibility of Chemical Spray Programs and the Effects of Nanoparticle Bactericides on the Management of Tomato Bacterial Spot." The Ohio State University, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1593677600328804.

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39

Kaimoyo, Evans. "Study of the (+)-Pisatin Biosynthetic Pathway by RNAi and Development of a Novel Method to Elicit the Production of Plant Secondary Metabolites." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/193608.

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(+)-Pisatin, ([+]-[6aR,11aR]-6a-hydroxy-3-methoxy-8,9-methylenedioxypterocarpan) is the major phytoalexin of the garden pea (Pisum sativum L.). Despite being the first phytoalexin to be chemically characterized, its biosynthesis remains to be fully elucidated. RNA-mediated genetic interference (RNAi) was used to gain further insights into the (+)-pisatin biosynthetic pathway. The expression of three genes, isoflavone reductase (IFR) catalyzing the reduction of 7,2'-dihydroxy-4',5'-methylenedioxyisoflavone to (-)-sophorol, sophorol reductase (SOR) involved in reducing (-)-sophorol to (-)-7,2'-d
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40

Coleman, Jeffrey. "ABC Transporters as Virulence Factors in Nectria haematococca MPVI and Genomic Analysis of the Fungus Suggest Involvement of Horizontal Gene Transfer in its Evolution." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/195531.

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Nectria haematococca mating population (MP) VI has a cytochrome P450 which confers tolerance to the pea phytoalexin pisatin. This enzyme, termed pisatin demethylase (PDA), detoxifies pisatin and is a virulence factor on pea. PDA is on a 1.6 Mb conditionally dispensable chromosome, and PDA is in a cluster of three other genes involved in pea pathogenicity. Analysis of the PEP cluster suggests it may have been acquired by horizontal gene transfer (HGT). Isolates lacking PDA are still more tolerant of pisatin than other closely related fungi and a "nondegradative" tolerance mechanism was demo
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41

Adomako-Bonsu, Amma Gyapomah. "Protection against oxidative stress in hepatic and pancreatic cells by selected plant-derived chemicals." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2016. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/37172/.

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Persistent accumulation of free radicals in cells leads to oxidative stress, which plays a causative role in the induction and progression of various chronic diseases. Therapeutic focus has therefore shifted towards the use of antioxidants, with recent interest in those of plant origin. This study investigated radical scavenging and cytoprotective activities of phytochemicals (quercetin, curcumin, sulforaphane, rosmarinic acid, caffeic acid, danshensu (3,4-dihydroxyphenyllactic acid), ferulic acid and m-coumaric acid) against DPPH free radical in a non-cellular assay, and oxidative damage in h
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42

Wallis, Christopher Michael. "Understanding the roles of phenolics and terpenoids in pine defense against fungal pathogens." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1196093830.

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43

Braun, Ross. "Cultural strategies to improve zoysiagrass acceptability and performance in the transition zone." Thesis, Kansas State University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/18257.

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Master of Science<br>Department of Horticulture, Forestry, and Recreation Resources<br>Jack Fry<br>Zoysiagrass (Zoysia spp.) is more heat and drought resistant and requires fewer cultural inputs than cool-season (C3) turfgrasses; however, its widespread use may be limited by an extended period of winter dormancy, the disease Rhizoctonia large patch (Rhizoctonia solani Kühn AG-2-2 LP), and lack of cold hardiness. Objectives of these 2012-2014 field studies were to evaluate: 1) turfgrass colorants and overseeding for color enhancement; 2) three colorant application volumes on color persistence;
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44

Halleen, Francois. "Characterisation of Cylindrocarpon spp. associated with black foot disease of grapevine." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/21454.

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Dissertation (PhD (Agric))--University of Stellenbosch, 2005.<br>ENGLISH ABSTRACT: During the past few years a drastic reduction has been noted in the survival rate of grafted grapevines in nurseries, as well as in young vineyards in the Western Cape Province of South Africa. Circumstantial evidence suggested that Cylindrocarpon spp., which cause black foot disease of grapevine, were associated with this decline. Black foot disease of grapevine is a relatively new, and as yet poorly known disease affecting vines in various countries where grapevines are cultivated. Primary aims of this re
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Small, Ian. "Resistance in maize to Fusarium verticillioides and fumonisin." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/4803.

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Thesis (MScAgric (Plant Pathology))--University of Stellenbosch, 2010.<br>ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Maize is the most important cereal crop produced in southern Africa. Maize producers, processors, and consumers in the region, however, are affected by Fusarium ear rot, a disease caused primarily by the fungal pathogen Fusarium verticillioides that reduces grain quality and potentially contaminates the grain with mycotoxins (fumonisin). Due to the threat of fumonisin to human and animal health, and the economic losses associated with reductions in grain quality, strategies aimed at the prevention of Fu
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46

Lloyd, Margaret Gullette. "Strawberry Production and Management of Soilborne Diseases in the Post-Fumigation Era." Thesis, University of California, Davis, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3723667.

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<p> California grows more than 91% of fresh strawberries in the United States. Critical to this success has been management of soilborne diseases using pre-plant soil fumigation with methyl bromide. However, international regulations require a phase out of methyl bromide, soon to be completed. Reduced availability of methyl bromide has coincided with increased incidence of soilborne diseases affecting strawberry production, including Verticillium wilt, caused by <i> Verticillium dahliae</i>, and Black Root Rot (BRR). BRR is caused by a complex of soilborne pathogens, including <i>Pythium ultim
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47

Gao, Qing-Ming. "GLYCEROLIPIDS AND THE PLANT CUTICLE CONTRIBUTE TO PLANT IMMUNITY." UKnowledge, 2012. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/plantpath_etds/4.

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The conserved metabolites, oleic acid (18:1), a major monounsaturated fatty acid (FA), and glycerol-3-phosphate (G3P) are obligatory precursors of glycerolipid biosynthesis in plants. In Arabidopsis, the SSI2-encoded SACPD is the major isoform that contributes to 18:1 biosynthesis. Signaling induced upon reduction in oleic acid (18:1) levels not only upregulates salicylic acid (SA)-mediated responses but also inhibits jasmonic acid (JA)- inducible defenses. I examined the transcription profile of ssi2 plants and identified two transcription factors, WRKY50 and WRKY51. Although the ssi2 wrky50
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48

Chen, Chenxi. "Analysis of the molecular basis of virulence in pathogenic fungi." The Ohio State University, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1374006951.

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49

Ciomperlik, Jessica J. "Anti-viral RNAi and its suppression in plants." [College Station, Tex. : Texas A&M University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2008-08-37.

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50

Hodges, D. Mark. "Chilling effects on antioxidant systems of maize (Zea mays L.)." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/9830.

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When chilled, plants produce greater amounts of toxic oxygen compounds than they do under non-stressed conditions. These toxic oxygen compounds have the potential to cause severe damage to plants. Plants have evolved antioxidant systems which can scavenge these toxic oxygen compounds and thus allow for the avoidance of their detrimental effects. The purpose of this thesis was to characterize antioxidant capacities of differentially chilling sensitive lines of maize (Zea mays L.) in order to test the hypothesis that the most chilling sensitive lines would have less antioxidant capacity and, hen
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