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Academic literature on the topic 'Plantes tropicales – Guyane'
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Journal articles on the topic "Plantes tropicales – Guyane"
Béreau, M., M. Gazel, and J. Garbaye. "Les symbioses mycorhiziennes des arbres de la forêt tropicale humide de Guyane française." Canadian Journal of Botany 75, no. 5 (1997): 711–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b97-080.
Full textGomes, Makesha, Judith Rosales, Owen Bovell, and Royston Peters. "Palm Community along Environmental Gradients from Wallaba to Swamp Forests at Pakuri." Book of Abstracts: Student Research 1 (November 4, 2020): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.52377/zvgs3968.
Full textPuig, Henri, André Fabre, and Thierry Gauquelin. "Distribution spatiale des plantules et des jeunes plants d'Iryanthera hostmannii (Benth.) Warb, en forêt tropicale humide de Guyane française." Comptes Rendus de l'Académie des Sciences - Series III - Sciences de la Vie 321, no. 5 (1998): 429–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0764-4469(98)80308-9.
Full textSatiat-Jeunemaitre, Beatrice. "Cell Wall Morphogenesis and Structure in Tropical Tension Wood." IAWA Journal 7, no. 2 (1986): 155–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22941932-90000980.
Full textMayor, Jordan R., and Terry W. Henkel. "Do ectomycorrhizas alter leaf-litter decomposition in monodominant tropical forests of Guyana?" New Phytologist 169, no. 3 (2005): 579–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2005.01607.x.
Full textBetoulle, Jean Luc, François Fromard, André Fabre, and Henri Puig. "Caractérisation des chutes de litière et des apports au sol en nutriments dans une mangrove de Guyane française." Canadian Journal of Botany 79, no. 2 (2001): 238–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b00-154.
Full textSteege, Hans, Victor G. Jetten, A. Marcel Polak, and Marinus J. A. Werger. "Tropical rain forest types and soil factors in a watershed area in Guyana." Journal of Vegetation Science 4, no. 5 (1993): 705–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3236137.
Full textGourlet-Fleury, Sylvie. "Indices de compétition en forêt dense tropicale humide : étude de cas sur le dispositif sylvicole expérimental de Paracou (Guyane française)." Annales des Sciences Forestières 55, no. 6 (1998): 623–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/forest:19980601.
Full textClair, Bruno, Julien Ruelle, Jacques Beauchêne, Marie Françoise Prévost, and Meriem Fournier. "Tension Wood and Opposite Wood in 21 Tropical Rain Forest Species." IAWA Journal 27, no. 3 (2006): 329–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22941932-90000158.
Full textRuelle, Julien, Bruno Clair, Jacques Beauchêne, Marie Françoise Prévost, and Meriem Fournier. "Tension Wood and Oppositewood in 21 Tropical Rain Forest Species." IAWA Journal 27, no. 4 (2006): 341–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22941932-90000159.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Plantes tropicales – Guyane"
Traissac, Stéphane. "Dynamique spatiale de Vouacapoua americana (Aublet), arbre de forêt tropicale humide à répartition agrégée." Lyon 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003LYO10096.
Full textDe, Grandcourt Agnès. "Acquisition et utilisation du phosphore par les plantules ligneuses forestières associées à des endomycorhizes : comparaison de deux espèces de forêt tropicale humide de Guyane française et impact du niveau d'éclairement." Nancy 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004NAN10036.
Full textPhosphorus (P) is an essential nutrient for plant growth. In tropical rainforest, P is thought to be a limiting factor for primary production. Plant can establish mycorrhiza, symbiosis between fungus (bringing nutrient) and plant (bringing carbon (C)). The first objective of this work was to study the dependency (P acquisition) and sensitivity (growth) of Dicorynia guianensis and Eperua falcata (two Ceasalpiniaceae) to mycorrhiza. At seedling stage, both species were dependant but only D. Guianensis was sensitive. Both species stocked P in case of elevated soil P rates. The second objective was to study competition for C between plant and fungus for D. Guianensis. At high irradiance, mycorhization increased P acquisition and growth. At low irradiance, fungi colonised roots but were unable to absorb P. At this irradiance, mycorhization did not improved C acquisition and had a negative effect on plant growth
Delanoë, Olivia. "Les ressources génétiques des passiflores de Guyane : amélioration de la culture des fruits de la Passion ("Passiflora edulis f. flavicarpa" Degener, Passifloraceae)." Montpellier 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992MON20154.
Full textGonzalez, Herrera Mailyn Adriana. "Etude de la diversité spécifique et phylogénétique de communautés de plantes ligneuses en forêt tropicale : apport des séquences ADN dans l'identification des espèces et l'étude des communautés." Toulouse 3, 2009. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/682/.
Full textThis dissertation is anchored in the global need for understanding mechanisms underlying plant diversity, as well as the need to develop technical tools that allow one to study diversity. The studies included in this dissertation were conducted at the sites of Nouragues & Paracou in the rainforest in French Guiana. One of the goals was to test the reliability of DNA barcoding as a tool in tropical plant species identification. DNA barcoding performance was tested for seven plastid markers and one nuclear marker over more than 250 angiosperm species. DNA markers correctly delimit species in about 70% of cases. Despite this imperfect success, DNA barcoding was useful to identify juveniles stages, provided an aid to identification at the herbarium, and reveal potential cryptic species. One major goal of this dissertation was to examine ecological mechanisms that drive species assembly beyond the regeneration phase, integrating for this purpose molecular information. This was done by comparing phylogenetic and species diversity patterns of saplings and trees. I found no changes in species or phylogenetic richness across sapling and tree assemblages. However, rare species were favored across these size classes, increasing species evenness at the tree layer. These results, indicates that negative density-dependence is driving species sorting from sapling to tree assemblages. Elucidation of this mechanism highlights the importance of ecological processes beyond the regeneration phase in the maintenance of biodiversity in tropical tree communities
Legeay, Jean. "Écologie des Oomycètes et champignons phytopathogènes dans les sols de forêt de Guyane Française : éclairages sur les relations entre communautés de Phytophthora et d’arbres dans les forêts tropicales." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LORR0072/document.
Full textThe mecanisms implied in the maintenance of plant diversity in tropical forests are still poorly known. One particularly studied hypothesis is the Janzen-Connell hypothesis, which posits that these mecanisms are essentially caused by the interactions between plant and their natural enemies, including pathogenic organisms. In this thesis, we looked at the pathogenic organisms present in the soils of a Guyanese forest, and the specificity of their interactions withplants. In the case where the Janzen-Connell hypothesis would be verified, we could expect that pathogenic micro-organisms communities would be structured by plants. Our works focused on Oomycetes and especially the Phytophthora, which are very important pathogens of trees, but we also took an interest on pathogenic Fungi. Thus, we developed PCR primer sets specific of the Phytophthora and Peronosporomycete groups, in order to study these organismsthroughmetabarcoding. These primers were then used to investigate the community of Phytophthora in soils sampled from two French Guiana sites, near trees belonging to 10 families. A low diversity was described, with a total of only 8 taxas, and the overwhelming dominance of the species complex P. heveae. A weak host effect was detected. In a complementary study, we looked at the diversity of Oomycetes and Fungi in soils and litters of six monospecific tree plantations and a Guianese natural forest. Structuration by host appeared to be null for Oomycetes and weak for pathogenic Fungi. Finally, we did not success in trying to experimentally provoke, through forest soil inoculations, Janzen-Connell mortalities due to Oomycetes on the Wacapou, a Guianese tree species. In the end, the results of this thesis do not support the hypothesis that Oomycetes may be important agents of the maintenance of tree diversity in tropical forests. Moreover, they bring some questions about the low diversity of this group of micro-organisms in a tree diversity hotspot
Schmitt, Sylvain. "Ecological genomics of niche exploitation and individual performance in tropical forest trees." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020BORD0247.
Full textTropical forests shelter the highest species diversity worldwide, a fact that remains partly unexplained and the origin of which is subject to debate. Even at the hectare-scale, tropical forests shelter species-rich genera with closely-related tree species coexisting in sympatry. Due to phylogenetic constraints, closely related species are expected to have similar niches and functional strategies, which raises questions on the mechanisms of their local coexistence. Closely related species may form a species complex, defined as morphologically similar species that share large amounts of genetic variation due to recent common ancestry and hybridization, and that can result from ecological adaptive radiation of species segregating along environmental gradients. Despite the key role of species complexes in Neotropical forest ecology, diversification, and evolution, little is known of the eco-evolutionary forces creating and maintaining diversity within Neotropical species complexes. We explored the intraspecific genomic variability as a continuum within structured populations of closely related species, and measured its role on individual tree performance through growth over time, while accounting for effects of a finely-characterized environment at the abiotic and biotic level. Combining tree inventories, LiDAR-derived topographic data, leaf functional traits, and gene capture data in the research station of Paracou, French Guiana, we used population genomics, environmental association analyses, genome-wide association studies and Bayesian modelling on the tree species complexes Symphonia and Eschweilera clade Parvifolia. We showed that the species complexes of Neotropical trees cover all local gradients of topography and competition and are therefore widespread in the study site whereas most of the species within them exhibit pervasive niche differentiation along these same gradients. Specifically, in the species complexes Symphonia and Eschweilera clade Parvifolia, the decrease in water availability due to higher topographic position, e.g., from bottomlands to plateaus, has led to a change in leaf functional traits from acquisitive strategies to conservative strategies, both among and within species. Symphonia species are genetically adapted to the distribution of water and nutrients, hence they coexist locally through exploiting a broad gradient of local habitats. Conversely, Eschweilera species are differentially adapted to soil chemistry and avoid the wettest, hydromorphic habitats. Last but not least, individual tree genotypes of Symphonia species are differentially adapted to regenerate and thrive in response to the fine spatio-temporal dynamics of forest gaps with divergent adaptive growth strategies along successional niches. Consequently, topography and the dynamics of forest gaps drive fine-scale spatio-temporal adaptations of individuals within and among distinct but genetically connected species within the species complexes Symphonia and Eschweilera clade Parvifolia. Fine-scale topography drives genetic divergence and niche differentiation with genetic adaptations among species, while forest gap dynamics maintains genetic diversity with divergent adaptive strategies within species. I suggest that adaptations of tree species and individuals to topography and dynamics of forest gaps promote coexistence within and among species within species complexes, and perhaps among mature forest tree species outside species complexes. Overall, I defend the primordial role of individuals within species in tropical forest diversity, suggesting that we should develop a theory of community ecology starting with individuals, because interactions with environments happen after all at the individual level
Norden, Natalia. "Importance du processus de régénération naturelle dans le maintien de la diversité en forêt tropicale humide." Toulouse 3, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007TOU30250.
Full textNatural regeneration in tropical forests is a multistage process including seed production, dispersal, germination and subsequent seedling establishment. All these stages may have critical consequences in population dynamics and on species coexistence. We assessed many aspects of seedling regeneration at the Nouragues Station in French Guiana. We monitored seed arrival over a 5-years period. We monitored seedling community dynamics over 28 months. We developed a new approach in order to identify reproductive strategies among 48 tree and liana species. We found that the plant community showed an important variability in seed production. Most species fruited yearly, but as many as a quarter of the studied species showed a masting pattern, a phenomenon very poorly studied in tropical latitudes. The vast array of reproductive and germination strategies displayed by plants results in important temporal pulses in seedling recruitment. We thus assessed the importance of these sources of temporal variability and of spatial environmental heterogeneity in seedling community dynamics. Annual variation in seedfall and environmental filtering both contributed to explaining spatiotemporal variation in local seedling density and diversity. Finally, we showed for 15 seedling taxa that abundance patterns are mainly controlled by seed arrival. .
Roggy, Jean-Christophe. "Contribution des symbioses fixatrices d'azote à la stabilité de l'écosystème forestier tropical guyanais." Lyon 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998LYO10127.
Full textBrousseau, Louise. "Diversité et évolution des arbres de forêt tropicale humide : exemple d'Eperua falcata en Guyane française." Phd thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00967318.
Full textBonal, Damien. "Variabilité interspécifique de l'efficience d'utilisation de l'eau en forêt tropicale humide guyanaise : groupes fonctionnels, interprétation écophysiologique, intégration à l'échelle du couvert." Nancy 1, 2000. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/SCD_T_2000_0006_BONAL.pdf.
Full textBooks on the topic "Plantes tropicales – Guyane"
Plotkin, Mark J., Bruce Hoffman, Sofie Ruysschaert, Joerie Zwerts, and Frits van Troon. Lianas of the Guianas: A Fieldguide to Woody Climbers in the Tropical Forests of Guyana, Suriname and French Guyana. University of Washington Press, 2017.