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Journal articles on the topic 'Plants, Cultivated – Germplasm resources'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Wiersema, John H. "TAXONOMIC INFORMATION ON CULTIVATED PLANTS IN THE USDA/ARS GERMPLASM RESOURCES INFORMATION NETWORK (GRIN)." Acta Horticulturae, no. 413 (December 1995): 109–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.1995.413.16.

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Hummer, Kim E. "039 Hardy Actinidia Genetic Resources at the Corvallis Repository." HortScience 35, no. 3 (2000): 395A—395. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.35.3.395a.

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In 1999, the National Clonal Germplasm Repository at Corvallis, Ore., was assigned to preserve the hardy Actinidia Lindl. resources for the U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, National Plant Germplasm System. The fuzzy kiwifruit [A. deliciosa (A. Chev) C. F. Liang et A. R. Furguson] and other less cold-hardy Actinidia species, remain at the Davis Repository. The hardy Actinidia, commonly called Chinese gooseberries or hardy kiwifruit, encompass two taxonomic sections, Leiocarpae and Maculatae, and include about 13 described species. These perennial vines are natives of As

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Oladosu, Yusuff, Mohd Y. Rafii, Fatai Arolu, et al. "Genetic Diversity and Utilization of Cultivated Eggplant Germplasm in Varietal Improvement." Plants 10, no. 8 (2021): 1714. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants10081714.

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Eggplant is the fifth economically most important vegetable in the Solanaceae family after tomato, potato, chili, and tobacco. Apart from the well-cultivated brinjal or aubergine eggplant (Solanum melongena L.), two other underutilized eggplant species, the African eggplant (S. macrocarpon L.) and the scarlet eggplant (S. aethiopicum L.), were also cultivated with local importance where the leaves and fruits are used for food and medicinal purposes. The major objectives of the eggplant breeding program are to improve fruit quality, increase yield performance through heterosis breeding, and int

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Camadro, E. L., and P. Rimieri. "Ex situ PLANT GERMPLASM CONSERVATION REVISED AT THE LIGHT OF MECHANISMS AND METHODS OF GENETICS." Journal of Basic and Applied Genetics 32, Issue 1 (2021): 11–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.35407/bag.2020.32.01.02.

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Plant genetic resources for food and agriculture are ex situ conserved in germplasm banks as samples (accessions) of natural or naturalized populations, either as the originally sampled propagules (mainly seeds) or their multiplications. The premises underlying ex situ conservation are that (a) it is the safest and cheapest alternative for germplasm preservation for future generations and (b) accessions are representative of the genetic diversity encountered in nature. In the past decades, ideas, alternatives and considerations have been put forward on the topic, and protocols have been devise

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Bozokalfa, Mehmet, Aşçioğul Kaygisiz, and Dursun Eşiyok. "Genetic diversity of farmer-preferred cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp) landraces in Turkey and evaluation of their relationships based on agromorphological traits." Genetika 49, no. 3 (2017): 935–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/gensr1703935b.

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Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp) is one of the important vegetable, grain, and fodder legume species grown in the tropics and subtropics. Cowpea is grown on small farms, and locally adapted landraces or populations are cultivated, and genetic improvements are limited by the lack of knowledge of genetic diversity of the indigenous and cultivated germplasm. Characterization and classification of diversity of the germplasm is valuable for both plant breeders and germplasm curators in the development of conservation strategies and identification of plant genetic resources. In the present study,

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Muzzalupo, Innocenzo, Giuseppe Giovanni Vendramin, and Adriana Chiappetta. "Genetic Biodiversity of Italian Olives (Olea europaea) Germplasm Analyzed by SSR Markers." Scientific World Journal 2014 (2014): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/296590.

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The olive is an important fruit species cultivated for oil and table olives in Italy and the Mediterranean basin. The conservation of cultivated plants inex situcollections is essential for the optimal management and use of their genetic resources. The largestex situolive germplasm collection consists of approximately 500 Italian olive varieties and corresponding to 85% of the total Italian olive germplasm is maintained at theConsiglio per la Ricerca e sperimentazione per l’Agricoltura,Centro di Ricerca per l’Olivicoltura e l’Industria Olearia (CRA-OLI), in Italy. In this work, eleven preselec

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Tagimanova, Damelya, Olesya Rayzer, Oksana Hapilina, and Ruslan Kalendar'. "Polymorphism of genes of antioxidant system enzymes in cultivated wheat species and wild-growing relatives." Agrarian Bulletin of the 202, no. 11 (2020): 85–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.32417/1997-4868-2020-202-11-85-92.

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Abstract. The purpose of the study. Investigation of the polymorphism of genes of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and amylase in cultivated wheat species and wild relatives, the possibility of using them as molecular genetic markers to assess the genetic diversity of wheat varieties. Methods. The objects of research were wheat varieties cultivated in different periods in Kazakhstan, distant relatives and wild wheat species. The material was kindly provided by the staff of the laboratory of the gene pool of the SPC ZH im. A.I. Baraev, and also obtained from the USDA genetic resource collections (htt

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Thapa, Ranjita, and Matthew Blair. "Morphological Assessment of Cultivated and Wild Amaranth Species Diversity." Agronomy 8, no. 11 (2018): 272. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy8110272.

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Amaranthus L. is genus of C4 dicotyledonous herbaceous plants comprising approximately 70 species, with three subgenera, which contains both cultivated and wild types, where cultivated ones are used for food grains, leafy vegetables, potential forages and ornamentals. Grain amaranth are pseudocereals from three species domesticated in North and South America and are notable for containing high amount of protein and minerals and balanced amino acid in their small seeds. Genetic diversity analysis of amaranths is important for development of core set of germplasm with widely diverse population a

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9

Wang, M. L., N. A. Barkley, M. Chinnan, H. T. Stalker, and R. N. Pittman. "Oil content and fatty acid composition variability in wild peanut species." Plant Genetic Resources 8, no. 3 (2010): 232–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1479262110000274.

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Wild peanut species are useful genetic resources for improving the levels of disease/pest resistance and for enhancing the quality of seed composition by interspecific hybridization. The variation in oil content and fatty acid composition of wild peanut species in the United States Department of Agriculture germplasm collection is unknown. Seeds available from 39 wild species (plus a cultivated peanut) were requested from the U.S. peanut germplasm collection. Oil content was measured using nuclear magnetic resonance, fatty acid composition was analysed using gas chromatography, and the D150N f

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Fiore, Maria Carola, Francesco Maria Raimondo, Francesco Mercati, Ignazio Digangi, Francesco Sunseri, and Anna Scialabba. "Preserving Biodiversity in Marginal Rural Areas: Assessment of Morphological and Genetic Variability of a Sicilian Common Bean Germplasm Collection." Plants 9, no. 8 (2020): 989. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants9080989.

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The historical cultivation of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) has resulted in the development of local populations/cultivars in restricted Italian rural areas. Many common bean landraces, still cultivated in small mountain areas from Sicily, have become outdated and endangered due to the commercial varieties spreading. These accessions are poorly known but often represent a genetic heritage to be preserved and enhanced. The ex situ conservation of fifty-seven Sicilian common bean landraces was carried out at the “Living Plants Germplasm Bank” at Ucria (Messina, Italy), founded by the Nebro

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Mustafa, Anis Adilah, Mohammad Rahmat Derise, Wilson Thau Lym Yong, and Kenneth Francis Rodrigues. "A Concise Review of Dendrocalamus asper and Related Bamboos: Germplasm Conservation, Propagation and Molecular Biology." Plants 10, no. 9 (2021): 1897. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants10091897.

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Bamboos represent an emerging forest resource of economic significance and provide an avenue for sustainable development of forest resources. The development of the commercial bamboo industry is founded upon efficient molecular and technical approaches for the selection and rapid multiplication of elite germplasm for its subsequent propagation via commercial agro-forestry business enterprises. This review will delve into the micropropagation of Dendrocalamus asper, one of the most widely cultivated commercial varieties of bamboo, and will encompass the selection of germplasm, establishment of

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CHENG, Junyong, Dezhi JIANG, Hua CHENG, et al. "Determination of Camellia oleifera Abel. Germplasm Resources of Genetic Diversity in China using ISSR Markers." Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca 46, no. 2 (2018): 501–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.15835/nbha46211092.

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Camellia oleifera is one of the four woody oil plants in the world, which is widely cultivated in South China. To examine the genetic diversity of C. oleifera in China, the diversity and genetic relationships among and within major populations of 109 varieties of C. oleifera were analyzed using ISSR markers. Twenty-three ISSR primers out of 49 primers yielded approximately 487 legible bands. A total of 335 of these bands were polymorphic markers, and the ratio of polymorphism was 68.86%. From the results, Zhejiang province showed the highest populations genetic diversity (H value 0.18), while

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Gurung, Suraj, Dylan P. G. Short, Xiaoping Hu, German V. Sandoya, Ryan J. Hayes, and Krishna V. Subbarao. "Screening of Wild and Cultivated Capsicum Germplasm Reveals New Sources of Verticillium Wilt Resistance." Plant Disease 99, no. 10 (2015): 1404–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-01-15-0113-re.

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Verticillium wilt caused by Verticillium dahliae is an important soilborne disease of pepper (Capsicum species) worldwide. Most commercial pepper cultivars lack resistance to this pathogen. Our objective was to identify resistance to two V. dahliae isolates in wild and cultivated Capsicum accessions from the core collection of the National Plant Germplasm System of the USDA. Screening of 397 Capsicum accessions against two V. dahliae isolates (Vdca59 and VdCf45) was performed in a greenhouse. Seventy-eight accessions selected from this screen were further evaluated in a follow-up experiment. I

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Muminović, Jasmina, Albrecht E. Melchinger, and Thomas Lübberstedt. "Prospects for celeriac (Apium graveolensvar.rapaceum) improvement by using genetic resources ofApium, as determined by AFLP markers and morphological characterization." Plant Genetic Resources 2, no. 3 (2004): 189–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/pgr200450.

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Genetic relationships among elite celeriac varieties and celeriac accessions conserved in genebanks are generally unknown. The objective of this study was to use amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers and morphological characterization to identify material that could be of use in celeriac breeding. Genetic relationships were estimated in 34 elite celeriac varieties bred in Europe and 28 celeriac accessions conserved at the German genebank. Two varieties of celery, two varieties of leaf celery and three genebank accessions of wildApiumspecies were additionally analysed. FifteenEc

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Grumet, Rebecca, James D. McCreight, Cecilia McGregor, et al. "Genetic Resources and Vulnerabilities of Major Cucurbit Crops." Genes 12, no. 8 (2021): 1222. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes12081222.

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The Cucurbitaceae family provides numerous important crops including watermelons (Citrullus lanatus), melons (Cucumis melo), cucumbers (Cucumis sativus), and pumpkins and squashes (Cucurbita spp.). Centers of domestication in Africa, Asia, and the Americas were followed by distribution throughout the world and the evolution of secondary centers of diversity. Each of these crops is challenged by multiple fungal, oomycete, bacterial, and viral diseases and insects that vector disease and cause feeding damage. Cultivated varieties are constrained by market demands, the necessity for climatic adap

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Shim, Junghyun, Nonoy B. Bandillo, and Rosalyn B. Angeles-Shim. "Finding Needles in a Haystack: Using Geo-References to Enhance the Selection and Utilization of Landraces in Breeding for Climate-Resilient Cultivars of Upland Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)." Plants 10, no. 7 (2021): 1300. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants10071300.

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The genetic uniformity of cultivated cotton as a consequence of domestication and modern breeding makes it extremely vulnerable to abiotic challenges brought about by major climate shifts. To sustain productivity amidst worsening agro-environments, future breeding objectives need to seriously consider introducing new genetic variation from diverse resources into the current germplasm base of cotton. Landraces are genetically heterogeneous, population complexes that have been primarily selected for their adaptability to specific localized or regional environments. This makes them an invaluable

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17

Chung, Nam-Jin. "Elongation habit of mesocotyls and coleoptiles in weedy rice with high emergence ability in direct-seeding on dry paddy fields." Crop and Pasture Science 61, no. 11 (2010): 911. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/cp10099.

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Direct-seeding of rice on dry paddy soil could enable large-scale cultivation and cost-savings, but still has some problems including poor seedling establishment caused by low temperature and varied sowing depth. This research was performed to identify weedy rice genetic resources that may help to eliminate the problem of poor seedling establishment in direct-seeded rice on dry paddy soil in temperate regions. The genetic resources screened in this study were 128 genotypes consisting of 92 japonica weedy rices, 24 indica weedy rices, and 12 Korean bred cultivars. On average, weedy rice germpla

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18

Hummer, Kim E., and Jim F. Hancock. "Vavilovian Centers of Plant Diversity: Implications and Impacts." HortScience 50, no. 6 (2015): 780–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.50.6.780.

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N.I. Vavilov, Academician of the V.I. Lenin All-Union Academy of Agricultural Sciences, takes his place as a founding pillar of knowledge in the cathedral of the origin and development of cultivated plants. Relying on the theories of his revered predecessors, Charles Darwin and Alphonse de Candolle, Vavilov developed the concept of centers of origin for agronomic crops. Vavilov’s astute hypotheses set the stage for the modern use of exotic germplasm in plant breeding. Vavilov, a devoted scientist, continued to revise and refine his theory of the centers of origin throughout his lifetime based

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19

Qiu, Li-Juan, Peng-Yin Chen, Zhang-Xiong Liu, et al. "The worldwide utilization of the Chinese soybean germplasm collection." Plant Genetic Resources 9, no. 01 (2011): 109–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1479262110000493.

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This article focuses on advances in both basic and applied research on soybean germplasm resources collected from China and dispersed to the world. Many landraces developed over the course of the 4500 years since its domestication in the Huangdi period. Systematic germplasm collection was begun in the early 20th century by Professor Shou Wang, and since then over 170,000 accessions have been conserved worldwide. Evaluation with respect to key morphological characteristics, pest resistance, abiotic stress tolerance and nutritional quality attributes has been widely carried out. In addition, gen

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Loskutova, N. P., and T. M. Ozerskaya. "MOBILIZATION OF PLANT GENETIC RESOURCES FROM THE TERRITORIES OF INDONESIA, SRI LANKA (CEYLON) AND NEPAL." Proceedings on applied botany, genetics and breeding 180, no. 2 (2019): 124–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.30901/2227-8834-2019-2-124-132.

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The article is dedicated to the mobilization of plant genetic resources from the territories of Indonesia, Sri Lanka (Ceylon) and Nepal to VIR’s collection by means of collecting explorations, germplasm requests and the exchange of accessions. The first, the longest and the only pre-war expedition to Indonesia and Ceylon was undertaken by Prof. V. V. Markovich; it lasted three years (1926–1928). He explored Java, Singapore and Ceylon, where he collected 772 germplasm samples. In 1957, D. V. Ter-Avanesyan, who worked as an agricultural attaché at the USSR Embassy in India, familiarized himself

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Bridgen, Mark P. "692 Plant Embryo Culture Techniques and Applications." HortScience 35, no. 3 (2000): 518C—518. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.35.3.518c.

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Traditional and biotechnological breeding techniques are being united to develop exciting new plants and to improve existing cultivated plants by introducing natural variability from germplasm resources. Intervarietal, interspecific and intergeneric crosses can be accomplished by using plant embryo culture techniques, sometimes also referred to as embryo rescue. Embryo culture involves the isolation and growth of immature or mature zygotic embryos under sterile conditions on an aseptic nutrient medium with the goal of obtaining a viable plant. The technique depends on isolating the embryo with

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Karaköy, Tolga, Faheem Shehzad Baloch, Faruk Toklu, and Hakan Özkan. "Variation for selected morphological and quality-related traits among 178 faba bean landraces collected from Turkey." Plant Genetic Resources 12, no. 1 (2013): 5–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1479262113000208.

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Faba bean is cultivated worldwide and widely used in Mediterranean countries, Asia and Europe. However, only a few faba bean breeders are active in cultivar development. As a result, a limited number of varieties are available for growers. Plant genetic resources or germplasm are fundamental sources for plant breeding, and the assessment of the genetic diversity among germplasm accessions is useful to facilitate more efficient use of plant genetic resources. A mini-core collection of faba bean germplasm (178 landraces and four cultivars), from diverse geographic regions of Turkey, was assessed

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Zombardo, Alessandra, Paolo Storchi, Paolo Valentini, Alice Ciofini, Daniele Migliaro, and Manna Crespan. "Recovery, Molecular Characterization, and Ampelographic Assessment of Marginal Grapevine Germplasm from Southern Umbria (Central Italy)." Plants 10, no. 8 (2021): 1539. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants10081539.

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The protection of grapevine biodiversity and the safeguarding of genetic variability are certainly primary and topical objectives for wine research, especially in territories historically devoted to viticulture. To assess the autochthonous germplasm of three different districts of Southern Umbria (Central Italy), the plant material of 70 grapevines retrieved from reforested land plots or old vineyards was collected, and their genetic identity was investigated using 13 microsatellite markers (SSR). The results revealed the presence of 39 unique genotypes, divided into 24 already-known cultivars

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Olsen, Richard T. "Asian Germplasm in American Horticulture: New Thoughts on an Old Theme." HortScience 48, no. 9 (2013): 1073–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.48.9.1073.

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North American horticulture cultivates an astonishing diversity of ornamental species, from nearly every floristic region, but its landscapes are dominated by temperate species drawn from eastern Asia. The East Asiatic floristic region is one of the most diverse in the world with a high level of endemism across taxonomic ranks and ancient relicts of a once widespread flora. From this, a large number of ornamental genera and species have been introduced, from either a long history of cultivation in Asia or directly from the wild, where they have since become fixtures in European and American ga

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Loor Solórzano, Rey Gastón, Fabien De Bellis, Thierry Leroy, et al. "Revealing the Diversity of Introduced Coffea canephora Germplasm in Ecuador: Towards a National Strategy to Improve Robusta." Scientific World Journal 2017 (2017): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/1248954.

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Genetic resources of Coffea canephora have been introduced in several tropical countries with potential for crop development. In Ecuador, the species has been cultivated since the mid-20th century. However, little is known about the diversity and genetic structure of introduced germplasm. This paper provides an overview of the genetic and phenotypic diversity of C. canephora in Ecuador and some proposals for implementing a breeding program. Twelve SSR markers were used to analyze 1491 plants of C. canephora grown in different living collections in Ecuador, compared to 29 genotypes representing

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Chen, Tingting, Luping Huang, Miaomiao Wang, et al. "Ethyl Methyl Sulfonate-Induced Mutagenesis and Its Effects on Peanut Agronomic, Yield and Quality Traits." Agronomy 10, no. 5 (2020): 655. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10050655.

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Peanut is an important oilseed and food crop worldwide; however, the development of new cultivars is limited by its remarkably low genetic variability. Therefore, in order to enhance peanut genetic variability, here, we treated two widely cultivated peanut genotypes, Huayu 22 and Yueyou 45, with different concentrations of the mutagen ethyl methyl sulfonate (EMS) for different durations. Based on median lethal dose (LD50) value, optimal EMS treatment concentrations for each duration were identified for each genotype. Mutants induced by EMS differed in various phenotypic traits, including plant

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Heffner, E. L., O. Chomdej, K. R. Williams, and M. E. Sorrells. "Dominant male-sterile populations for association mapping and introgression of exotic wheat germplasm." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 59, no. 5 (2008): 470. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar07221.

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The introgression of exotic wheat germplasm such as synthetic hexaploid (tetraploid × diploid amphiploid) wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) into an adapted gene pool has the potential to amplify the genetic variation for complex traits. The dominant male-sterile gene can be used to facilitate recurrent selection in wheat, thus increasing the opportunity for genetic recombination between exotic and cultivated genomes and the identification and retention of desirable alleles. Our dominant male-sterile recurrent selection project began in 1983 with the intermating of the source germplasm (Chris hard r

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Somalraju, Ashok, Kaushik Ghose, David Main, Benoit Bizimungu, and Bourlaye Fofana. "Development of pre-breeding diploid potato germplasm displaying wide phenotypic variations as induced by ethyl methane sulfonate mutagenesis." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 99, no. 2 (2019): 138–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjps-2018-0189.

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Mutations are the key drivers for evolution and diversification in plants. In varietal selection, sources for variation are always sought as starting breeding materials. Thus, in the absence of desired natural variations in breeding populations, targeted or random mutagenesis is applied to induce variations. Cultivated potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is autotetraploid crop species with a narrow and highly heterozygous genetic base, and the complexity of its genome makes its genetic studies more difficult. In the current study, induced mutagenesis was performed in diploid potato using ethyl metha

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Kumar, Arun, Bilal A. Mir, Deepmala Sehgal, et al. "Utility of a multidisciplinary approach for genome diagnostics of cultivated and wild germplasm resources of medicinal Withania somnifera, and the status of new species, W. ashwagandha, in the cultivated taxon." Plant Systematics and Evolution 291, no. 3-4 (2010): 141–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00606-010-0372-4.

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Bertioli, David J., Guillermo Seijo, Fabio O. Freitas, José F. M. Valls, Soraya C. M. Leal-Bertioli, and Marcio C. Moretzsohn. "An overview of peanut and its wild relatives." Plant Genetic Resources 9, no. 01 (2011): 134–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1479262110000444.

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The legumeArachis hypogaea, commonly known as peanut or groundnut, is a very important food crop throughout the tropics and sub-tropics. The genus is endemic to South America being mostly associated with the savannah-like Cerrado. All species in the genus are unusual among legumes in that they produce their fruit below the ground. This profoundly influences their biology and natural distributions. The species occur in diverse habitats including grasslands, open patches of forest and even in temporarily flooded areas. Based on a number of criteria, including morphology and sexual compatibilitie

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Shelenga, Tatyana V., Yulia A. Kerv, Irina N. Perchuk, et al. "The Potential of Small Grains Crops in Enhancing Biofortification Breeding Strategies for Human Health Benefit." Agronomy 11, no. 7 (2021): 1420. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11071420.

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Nutrition is a source of energy, and building material for the human organism. The quality of food has an effect on the quality of individual life. Minerals and vitamins participate in various catalytic and regulatory functions of the main metabolic processes: absorption, transport, redox and biosynthesis of organic compounds, genetic information transfer, etc. Regular consumption of dietary fibers like β-glucans and oat-specific phenolics, antioxidants, and avenanthramides, stimulate innate and acquired immunity, prevent cancer, obesity, reduce glucose, total cholesterol and triglyceride bloo

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Bang, Jun Hyoung, Chi Eun Hong, Sebastin Raveendar, et al. "Development of genomic simple sequence repeat markers for Glycyrrhiza lepidota and cross-amplification of other Glycyrrhiza species." PeerJ 7 (August 7, 2019): e7479. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.7479.

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Background Licorice (Glycyrrhiza spp. L.) is used as a natural sweetener and medicinal herb in European and Asian countries. Molecular studies have been conducted to find differences between wild and cultivated species because most wild species are highly resistant to abiotic and biotic stresses compared with their cultivated species. However, few molecular markers have been developed for studying the genetic diversity and population structure of licorice species and to identify differences between cultivars. Thus, the present study aimed to develop a set of genomic simple sequence repeat (SSR

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Lawn, R. J., and G. J. Rebetzke. "Variation among Australian accessions of the wild mungbean (Vigna radiata ssp. sublobata) for traits of agronomic, adaptive, or taxonomic interest." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 57, no. 1 (2006): 119. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar05215.

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The wild mungbean, Vigna radiata ssp. sublobata, is an ‘old world’ tropical species indigenous throughout the better watered areas of northern Australia. Variation among 115 accessions, mainly from Australia, West Timor, and Papua New Guinea, was evaluated for several diverse traits. The plants were cultivated in the field at 2 sowing dates, at both a tropical and a subtropical location, with 6 accessions from India and a mungbean cultivar for comparison. Substantial variation was identified for traits of potential agronomic, adaptive, or taxonomic interest. For some traits, like phenology, th

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Deng, Pingchuan, Jianxin Bian, Hong Yue, et al. "Characterization of microRNAs and their targets in wild barley (Hordeum vulgare subsp. spontaneum) using deep sequencing." Genome 59, no. 5 (2016): 339–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/gen-2015-0224.

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MicroRNAs (miRNA) are a class of small, endogenous RNAs that play a negative regulatory role in various developmental and metabolic processes of plants. Wild barley (Hordeum vulgare subsp. spontaneum), as the progenitor of cultivated barley (Hordeum vulgare subsp. vulgare), has served as a valuable germplasm resource for barley genetic improvement. To survey miRNAs in wild barley, we sequenced the small RNA library prepared from wild barley using the Illumina deep sequencing technology. A total of 70 known miRNAs and 18 putative novel miRNAs were identified. Sequence analysis revealed that all

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Pourian, Mohammad Aref, Davood Bakhshi, Ali Aalami, and Hossein Hokmabadi. "Assessment of Genetic Relationships among Cultivated and Wild Pistachios (Pistacia vera L.) using Molecular Markers." Journal of Horticultural Research 27, no. 1 (2019): 37–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/johr-2019-0005.

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Abstract Iran is one of the main diversity centers and origins of pistachios in the world. Pistachio cultivation spread first within the ancient Persian Empire and then moved gradually westward. Knowledge of the genetic relationships among wild and cultivated varieties of pistachio is important for the efficient utilization of the available germplasm resources. Three molecular marker strategies, namely, inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR), inter-retrotransposon amplified polymorphism (IRAP), and retrotransposon microsatellite amplified polymorphism (REMAP), were used to study the genetic relat

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WANG, He, Rui GUO, Yongjun HU, and Defu HAN. "Carbon-Nitrogen Metabolic Responses and Adaptive Strategies to Low-Nitrogen Stress in Glycine soja." Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca 47, no. 4 (2019): 1215–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.15835/nbha47411567.

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Nitrogen (N) is an essential mineral nutrient for plant growth and development. Wild soybean (Glycine soja), which has many superior traits, is an important germplasm resource and is also an excellent experimental material for researching the mechanisms of low-N tolerance. In this study, the physiological differences between common wild soybean (W1) and low-N tolerant wild soybean (W2) among growth characteristics, photosynthetic carbon (C) metabolism, N metabolism and C-N metabolic-coupling relationship were investigated, and the mechanism of low-N tolerance of wild soybean was explained at t

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Muraya, Moses M., Hartwig H. Geiger, Evans Mutegi, et al. "Geographical patterns of phenotypic diversity and structure of Kenyan wild sorghum populations (Sorghum spp.) as an aid to germplasm collection and conservation strategy." Plant Genetic Resources 8, no. 3 (2010): 217–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1479262110000225.

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Kenya lies within sorghum centre of diversity. However, information on the relative extent of diversity patterns within and among genetically defined groups of distinct ecosystems is lacking. The objective was to assess the structure and phenotypic diversity of wild sorghum populations across a range of geographical and ecological conditions in the country. Sixty-two wild sorghum populations (30 individuals per population) sampled from four distinct sorghum growing regions of Kenya and covering different agroecologies were characterized for ten qualitative traits. Plant height, number of tille

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Singh, Mohar, Saroj Sardana, and Shyam Kumar Sharma. "Genetic resources of lentil and its utilization in India." Plant Genetic Resources 9, no. 01 (2011): 30–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1479262110000377.

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Lentil is recognised as the most nutritious rabi pulse and, with respect to acreage, it ranks next to chickpea. It is grown throughout northern and central India. A large percentage of Indians are vegetarian and lentil has long been part of India's indigenous diet, and is a common source of protein. Of about 60 varieties released in India to date, 13 have been developed by hybridization, mostly from parents not distantly related. The narrow genetic base of the presently cultivated varieties and losses due to biotic and abiotic stress factors remain the main cause of concern. Introgression of g

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HERVANI, DINI, DARDA EFENDI, M. RAHMAD SUHARTANTO, and BAMBANG S. PURWOKO. "The preservation of somatic embryos of papaya derived from papaya lateral shoots after being stored in cryopreservation to maintain plant genetic information in the future." Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity 19, no. 3 (2018): 724–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d190303.

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Hervani D, Efendi D, Suhartanto MR, Purwoko BS. 2018. The preservation of somatic embryos of papaya derived from papaya lateral shoots after being stored in cryopreservation to maintain plant genetic information in the future. Biodiversitas 19: 724729. Germplasm storage of papaya is very important because this plant easily adapts to genetic changes due to environmental conditions and open system pollination, so it is necessary to retain the current genetics resources in order to conserve the genetic information. The storage of the vegetative part of the plant with cryopreservation is expected

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Rauf, Saeed, Marilyn Warburton, Amina Naeem, and Wardah Kainat. "Validated markers for sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) breeding." OCL 27 (2020): 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/ocl/2020042.

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Sunflower is native to North America and is now grown around the world for edible oil, seed roasting, confectionary products and bird food. Genetic diversity in cultivated and wild germplasm is characterized for use with various breeding objectives. Molecular markers have been developed to facilitate sunflower breeding. This review was undertaken to discuss molecular markers, which have been validated in different genetic backgrounds for traits of economic interest in sunflower. Markers found to be linked to monogenic traits in mapping populations may be used to select plants with those traits

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Sasikumar, B. "Genetic resources ofCurcuma: diversity, characterization and utilization." Plant Genetic Resources 3, no. 2 (2005): 230–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/pgr200574.

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The genusCurcuma(familyZingiberaceae) comprising over 80 species of rhizomatous herbs, is endowed with widespread adaptation from sea level to altitude as high as 2000 m in the Western Ghats and Himalayas. Having originated in the Indo-Malayan region, the genus is widely distributed in the tropics of Asia to Africa and Australia.Curcumaspecies exhibit inter- and intra-specific variation for the biologically active principles coupled with morphological variation with respect to the above-ground vegetative and floral characters as well as the below-ground rhizome features besides for curcumin, o

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Zhang, Mengmeng, He Huang, Qing Wang, and Silan Dai. "Cross Breeding New Cultivars of Early-flowering Multiflora Chrysanthemum Based on Mathematical Analysis." HortScience 53, no. 4 (2018): 421–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci12769-17.

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Conventional crossbreeding remains an effective technique for chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum ×morifolium Ramat.) breeding. However, there are always many problems when breeding chrysanthemum because of its complex genetic background, such as difficulty matching parents, selecting superior hybrid progenies, quantitatively describing certain target traits, and evaluating breeding results. A recent mathematical analysis method is an effective method for evaluating plant breeding progress. In this study, we used 505 multiflora chrysanthemum germplasm resources as test materials; we divided the flowe

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Russo, Riccardo, Marco Caruso, Carmen Arlotta, Angela Roberta Lo Piero, Elisabetta Nicolosi, and Silvia Di Silvestro. "Identification of Field Tolerance and Resistance to Mal Secco Disease in a Citrus Germplasm Collection in Sicily." Agronomy 10, no. 11 (2020): 1806. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10111806.

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Mal secco is a tracheomycotic disease caused by the fungus Plenodomus tracheiphilus (Petri) Gruyter, Aveskamp, and Verkley that has caused severe damage and loss of yield in the citrus industry in the Mediterranean area, for 100 years. While the disease can affect different cultivated citrus species, lemon (C. × limon var. limon (L.) Burm. f.) and citron are the most susceptible. The identification of resistant or field-tolerant clones and hybrids is a major goal for lemon growers and breeders. To identify sources of resistance or tolerance to the disease, we performed a phenotypic survey on a

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Yadav, Shambhavi, Joana Carvalho, Isabel Trujillo, and Marta Prado. "Microsatellite Markers in Olives (Olea europaea L.): Utility in the Cataloging of Germplasm, Food Authenticity and Traceability Studies." Foods 10, no. 8 (2021): 1907. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods10081907.

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The olive fruit, a symbol of Mediterranean diets, is a rich source of antioxidants and oleic acid (55–83%). Olive genetic resources, including cultivated olives (cultivars), wild olives as well as related subspecies, are distributed widely across the Mediterranean region and other countries. Certain cultivars have a high commercial demand and economical value due to the differentiating organoleptic characteristics. This might result in economically motivated fraudulent practices and adulteration. Hence, tools to ensure the authenticity of constituent olive cultivars are crucial, and this can b

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An, Hyejin, Hwa-Yong Lee, Donghwan Shim, et al. "Development of CAPS Markers for Evaluation of Genetic Diversity and Population Structure in the Germplasm of Button Mushroom (Agaricus bisporus)." Journal of Fungi 7, no. 5 (2021): 375. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jof7050375.

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Agaricus bisporus is a globally cultivated mushroom with high economic value. Despite its widespread cultivation, commercial button mushroom strains have little genetic diversity and discrimination of strains for identification and breeding purposes is challenging. Molecular markers suitable for diversity analyses of germplasms with similar genotypes and discrimination between accessions are needed to support the development of new varieties. To develop cleaved amplified polymorphic sequences (CAPs) markers, single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) mining was performed based on the A. bisporus gen

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Soren, Khela Ram, Aravind Kumar Konda, Priyanka Gangwar, et al. "Development of SSR markers and association studies of markers with phenology and yield-related traits in grass pea (Lathyrus sativus)." Crop and Pasture Science 71, no. 8 (2020): 768. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/cp19557.

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Grass pea (Lathyrus sativus L.) is an important food crop cultivated in dryland agricultural ecosystem. It is an important source of dietary protein to millions of people living in low-income countries in South-east Asia and Africa. The present study emphasises the development of genomic resources and their application in marker–trait association for plant phenology and yield-related traits in lathyrus. In silico mining of nucleotide sequences identified 203 simple sequence repeat (SSR) motifs, of which trimer repeats (62%) were most abundant followed by tetramer (19%), hexamer (10%), pentamer

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Bellemou, Djihad, Teresa Millàn, Juan Gil, Aissa Abdelguerfi, and Meriem Laouar. "Genetic diversity and population structure of Algerian chickpea (Cicer arietinum) genotypes: use of agro-morphological traits and molecular markers linked or not linked to the gene or QTL of interest." Crop and Pasture Science 71, no. 2 (2020): 155. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/cp19255.

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Assessment of genetic diversity among chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) germplasm at the morphological and molecular levels is fundamental for chickpea breeding and conservation of genetic resources. Genetic variability of 46 chickpea genotypes including 42 Algerian genotypes and four control varieties was evaluated by using 15 agro-morphological traits. Eleven molecular markers including nine simple sequence repeats, one sequence characterised amplified region (SCY17) and one gene-specific (CaETR4) were used to characterise the 46 genotypes and eight references varieties added for disease resista

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Labouisse, Jean-Pierre, Philippe Cubry, Frédéric Austerlitz, Ronan Rivallan, and Hong Anh Nguyen. "New insights on spatial genetic structure and diversity of Coffea canephora (Rubiaceae) in Upper Guinea based on old herbaria." Plant Ecology and Evolution 153, no. 1 (2020): 82–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.5091/plecevo.2020.1584.

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Backgrounds and aims – Previous studies showed that robusta coffee (Coffea canephora Pierre ex A.Froehner), one of the two cultivated coffee species worldwide, can be classified in two genetic groups: the Guinean group originating in Upper Guinea and the Congolese group in Lower Guinea and Congolia. Although C. canephora of the Guinean group is an important resource for genetic improvement of robusta coffee, its germplasm is under-represented in ex situ gene banks and its genetic diversity and population structure have not yet been investigated. Methods – To overcome the limitations of living

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Teklu, Desawi Hdru, Hussein Shimelis, Abush Tesfaye, et al. "Genetic Variability and Population Structure of Ethiopian Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) Germplasm Assessed through Phenotypic Traits and Simple Sequence Repeats Markers." Plants 10, no. 6 (2021): 1129. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants10061129.

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Ethiopia is one of the centers of genetic diversity of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.). The sesame genetic resources present in the country should be explored for local, regional, and international genetic improvement programs to design high-performing and market-preferred varieties. This study’s objective was to determine the extent of genetic variation among 100 diverse cultivated sesame germplasm collections of Ethiopia using phenotypic traits and simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers to select distinct and complementary genotypes for breeding. One hundred sesame entries were field evaluated at

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Carvalho, Sabrina IC, Francisco JB Reifschneider, Cláudia SC Ribeiro, Luciano B. Bianchetti, and Francisco L. Fernandez. "Experience with Descriptors, Registration and Protection of vegetable cultivars: eggplant as a case study." Horticultura Brasileira 36, no. 2 (2018): 146–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0102-053620180201.

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ABSTRACT The Registro Nacional de Cultivares [RNC (National Register of Cultivars)] and the Serviço Nacional de Proteção de Cultivares [SNPC (National Service for Cultivar Protection)] were established by the Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Food Supply (MAPA) in 1997. The registration of a cultivar in the RNC allows the production, processing and commercialization of seeds in the country. The right of commercial exploitation, assured by the protection of a cultivar in the SNPC, allows the allocation of resources to public and private breeding programs, and the subsequent launching of ne

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