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Journal articles on the topic "Plants, Toxic - Great Britain"
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Marples, R. R. "Toxic Shock Syndrome and Related Conditions in Great Britain." Clinical Infectious Diseases 11, Supplement_1 (1989): S326. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/clinids/11.supplement_1.s326.
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Heinrich, Michael. "Plants and People in North America and Great Britain." Journal of Ethnopharmacology 97, no. 1 (2005): 162–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2004.11.018.
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Shkvorchenko, N. "SEMIOTIZATION OF POLITICAL TOXICITY IN THE MEDIA SPACES OF THE USA, GREAT BRITAIN AND UKRAINE: A MULTIMODAL ASPECT." MESSENGER of Kyiv National Linguistic University. Series Philology 25, no. 1 (2022): 142–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.32589/2311-0821.1.2022.263132.
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The article attempts to build a multimodal model of toxic political communication and determine common and distinctive features of the semiotization of political toxicity in the media environment of the United States, Great Britain and Ukraine. Toxic political communication is interpreted as a type of interaction characterized by a high degree of aggressive (verbal and/or paraverbal) behavior of various participants in the political discourse, which causes moral harm or discriminates against the opponent based on race, nationality or gender resulting in such politician(s) being perceived and then defined as toxic. The constructed model of toxic political communication takes into account multimodal mechanisms of the discursive expression of toxicity (verbal, paraverbal, extralingual), modes of expanding the toxic effect (direct, indirect, and mediated), mechanisms of perception and image formation of politicians (toxic vs. positive) in the media environment of the respective countries.We determined that toxicity is manifested in derogatory statements by politicians, which contain insults, name-calling, ridiculing, emotional and inclusive utterances aimed at polarization and causing psychological and/or image damage to participants in the political debate (opponents). Toxic paraverbal co-speech means are divided into prosodic and gestural-mimic forms, which include aggressive, caustic, derogatory, paternalistic, pompous tone of speech, gestures that violate the personal boundaries of the interlocutor, exaggerated facial expressions. Extralingual forms of toxic communication include poster colors, electoral campaign symbols, clothing, rally sites, music, etc., which intensify the damaging effect of actions/utterances of a politician who is defined as toxic in the media. We found that contrasting forms of the semiotization of political toxicity in the media environment of the United States, Great Britain and Ukraine are determined by the relevant information agendas for each of the countries, for example, racism and intolerance towards migrants (USA), Partygate (Great Britain), zrada (betrayal) vs. peremoha (victory) (Ukraine) and others. Common to the three linguistic cultures is the aggressive type of politician-speaker, whose utterances/behavior are prone to dramatizing and aimed at causing psychological damage to the opponent’s personality through direct or indirect derogatory images accompanied by prosodic, gestural and facial emphases.
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Shkvorchenko, N. "TOXIC POLITICAL COMMUNICATION IN THE USA, GREAT BRITAIN AND UKRAINE (CONTRASTIVE ASPECT)." International Humanitarian University Herald. Philology 1, no. 50 (2021): 156–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.32841/2409-1154.2021.50-1.36.
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Tassin de Montaigu, Cannelle, and Dave Goulson. "Identifying agricultural pesticides that may pose a risk for birds." PeerJ 8 (August 4, 2020): e9526. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.9526.
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In this study, we analyze changing patterns of pesticide use in agriculture in Great Britain over the 1990–2016 period, with respect to the risk they pose to birds. The weight of pesticides applied decreased by 51% between 1990 and 2016, but the area treated increased by 63% over the same period. Over this period, there has been considerable turnover in the pesticides used. The European Union (including Great Britain until 2020) has restricted or banned many pesticides for agricultural use, including organophosphates and carbamates. However, new generations of active substances have been introduced, such as the neonicotinoids, some of which have since been banned. In this analysis, we estimate the annual ‘toxic load’ of agricultural pesticide use in Great Britain for birds, measured as the total number of LD50 doses for corn buntings, Emberiza calandra. We have previously performed similar analyses for bees, for which the total toxic load increased six-fold during this period. In contrast, for birds the total toxic load fell by 80.5%, although still correspond to 8.3e+11 corn bunting LD50 doses in 2016. The decrease in toxicity is largely due to declining use of highly toxic organophosphates in recent years. We identify the pesticides in current use that may pose the highest risk to birds, which include a mix of insecticides, herbicides, fungicides, molluscicides, acaricides and plant growth regulators. The insecticide ethoprop was ranked highest in 2016, with a toxic load of 71 billion potential corn bunting kills. Some of the other chemicals presenting a high toxic load, such as the herbicide chlormequat, are not highly toxic to birds (in terms of LD50) but are used in very large quantities. However, it is important to stress that, in reality, only a tiny proportion of pesticides applied will be ingested by birds, and this will vary according to timing and method of application, persistence of the active substance and many other factors. We further note that impacts of pesticides on birds might often be indirect, for example via depleting their food supply, and that sublethal impacts may occur at much lower doses than the LD50, neither of which do we investigate here. Nonetheless, we suggest that this is a useful approach to highlight pesticides that might be worth closer study with regard to possible impacts.
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Holmes, Cynthia H. "Poisonous Plants: Perils in Nature." Journal of Pharmacy Practice 13, no. 2 (2000): 125–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/089719000001300203.
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Poisonous plants are of great concern to any parent or health care practitioner. Household and landscape plants account for 7.1 % of all poisonous exposures in children. Many parents and health care professionals are aware of other potential poisons in the house; however, many times plants are overlooked as a potential poison. Though most plants are associated with only minor symptoms from dermal contact or ingestion, there are some that are associated with significant toxic effects that can be fatal. Poisonous plants are classified as anticholinergic, cardiac glycoside, cyanogenic, central nervous system stimulant/hallucinogens and severe gastrointestinal irritants. Many times these toxic plants produce a multitude of symptoms called a toxidrome. It is important for health care professionals to recognize these toxidromes and be knowledgeable about the proper treatment modalities.
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Shellard, E. "Medicines from Plants with Special Reference to Herbal Products in Great Britain." Planta Medica 53, no. 02 (1987): 121–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-2006-962651.
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Keller, Harold W. "Aquatic Plants of Northern and Central Europe Including Great Britain and Ireland." Journal of the Botanical Research Institute of Texas 18, no. 1 (2024): 94. http://dx.doi.org/10.17348/jbrit.v18.i1.1358.
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The introduction takes the reader back to early explorers of river systems and aquatic habits in the 1800s for the geographical areas highlighted in the book. Pages are filled with color photographs illustrating plant morphological examples along with taxonomic key couplets. Each species is profusely illustrated with line drawings and color photographs along with distribution maps. There is an illustrated glossary (pp. 728–733) that aids in interpreting the species descriptions. A literature citation section (pp. 734–738) is organized by topical headings, e.g., Species Identification and Biology. The Index of Latin Names locates the species by page numbers. I found this book easy to use because the authors have focused their attention on organization, function, and usability for the public, as well as aquatic taxonomists. Everything about this book is first class! The size and weight will limit its use in the field and will be more appropriate for in house laboratory or classroom use. The design, layout, printing, binding, and overall quality of the text is of exceptional high quality. I highly recommend this book for botanists interested in European aquatic habitats at a bargain price.
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Kuznetsova, I., and M. Gillies. "Industry Workers of Russia and Great Britain." Medical Radiology and radiation safety 65, no. 4 (2020): 74–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1024-6177-2020-65-4-74-86.
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Purpose: The estimation of the radiation risk of leukemia incidence and mortality for occupational exposure.
 Material and methods: The study was conducted in the pooled cohort comprised 45,817 workers from the two enterprises; 23,443 radiation workers first employed in 1947–2002 from the Sellafield plant (Great Britain) and 22,774 workers from the Mayak PA (Russia) first employed at the main plants in 1948–1982. The period of follow-up was terminated at the end of 2008 for Mayak workers who were Ozyorsk city residents, and at the end of 2005 for Sellafield workers and Mayak workers who had migrated from Ozyorsk.
 Results: Comparable radiation risk estimates of leukemia incidence and mortality were found among Mayak PA and Sellafield workers as for the whole dose range and separate dose intervals. Averaged by attained age estimate of excess relative risk per 1 Gy of external gamma-dose was 3.0 (95 % CI: 1.3–6.3) under the assumption of the linear dose–effect model. The quadratic model with attained age modification showed the best quality of fit. Risk estimates were statistically significant in the dose range 0.15–1.5 Gy. There was no evidence of any relationship between leukemia risks and accumulated red bone marrow dose of internal alpha-exposure due to incorporated Pu-239.
 Conclusion: Preliminary analysis of the pooled cohort data has demonstrated the feasibility and efficiency of a research project looking at leukemia risks in a joint cohort of Mayak and Sellafield workers. The current study provides further evidence about the already well established link between external-gamma exposure and leukemia risk. However, it fails to provide any firm further evidence about the absence or presence of relationship between plutonium exposure and leukemia risk.
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Kostyuchenko I.V, Nelga I. A. "Chemical Weapons: History of the Study of Organophosphorus Toxic Agents Abroad." Journal of NBC Protection Corps 3, no. 2 (2019): 175–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.35825/2587-5728-2019-3-2-175-193.
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Organophosphorus compounds occupy a unique positon among all chemical warfare agents (CWA's). Since the 1930-s their high toxicity, wide range of physical-chemical properties and complex action attracted close attention of foreign military experts. In 1936 a German chemist, Dr. Gerhard Schrader, synthesized O-ethyl-dimethyl amidocyanophosphate, known as tabun, for the first time. By the beginning of World War II, more than two thousand new organophosphorus and phosphorus containing compounds were synthesized by his laboratory's stuff. Some of these compounds were selected for further study as CW agents and subsequently were adopted as weapons by the German army. In 1938 the same Gerhard Schrader have synthesized the organophosphorus compound, closed to tabun, but more toxic: О-isopropyl methyl fluorophosphate, called sarin. In 1944 the German chemist, the 1938 Nobel laureate in chemistry Richard Kuhn synthesized soman and revealed the damaging effect of organophosphorus CWA's. In 1941 the British chemist Bernard Saunders synthesized diisopropyl fluorophosphate. During World War II the industrial production of organophosphorus CWA's was organized in Germany, Great Britain and in the USA. Germany produced tabun, sarin and soman, the western allies: diisopropyl fluorophosphate. Till the end of World War II the leadership in the sphere of the development of nerve agents belonged to Nazi Germany. After the end of the war the German scientists, many of whom were devoted Nazis, continued their work under the auspices of military departments of the USA and Great Britain. Subsequently phosphorylated thiocholine esters: V-series substances (VG, VM, VR, VX, EA 3148, EA3317 agents etc.) were synthesized with their participation. The wide range of organophosphorus compounds was tested on volunteers in Porton Down (Great Britain) and in the Edgewood arsenal (USA). But after the synthesis of V-series agents the work on organophosphorus CWA's did not stop. In recent years there appeared the tendency of the transformation of real threats connected with the chemical weapons use, to propaganda sphere. The provocation which the «Novichok» agent, arranged primitively by the British intelligence, is the perfect example of such a transformation. But it does not mean that the research in the sphere of new organophosphorus CWA's in the West is stopped
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Plants, Toxic - Great Britain"
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Paterson, James Stuart. "The effects of climate change on the structure and function of ash woodlands in the UK." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.711609.
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Sun, Junyao. "Multi-scale effects of hydrological and landscape variables on macrophyte richness and composition in British lakes." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/25489.
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Macrophytes are an integral component of lake littoral zones and play an irreplaceable role in maintaining the ecological balance of wetlands. Recent research has highlighted the role of lake-scale environmental factors (or “filters”) and catchment- and/or landscape-scale processes in explaining variation in macrophyte communities across different scales. In this work, the effects of land-use and connectivity on macrophyte communities were explored at two contrasting spatial scales (i.e. local catchment scale and topographic catchment scale). At the local catchment scale, the results revealed strong scale-dependency. The effects of land use on macrophyte richness were most apparent at fine spatial scales (within 0.5 to 1 km) and significantly outweighed the importance of hydrology. In terms of growth form composition, the effects of hydrological connectivity were stronger than those of land use, with the greatest effect observed at an intermediate distance (~ 5 km) from the lake. The study on the hydrologically-connected lake pairs indicated that environmental filters were more influential in explaining species turnover than lake connectivity. Interestingly, geographical connectivity explained more of the variability in species turnover than hydrological connectivity. Moreover, the relative importance of environmental filters and lake connectivity to species turnover was very sensitive to the degree of human disturbance. The multi-scale interaction analyses indicated the effect of lake alkalinity on macrophyte composition is strongly influenced by catchment scale variables including hydrological features and land use intensity. The turnover in macrophyte composition in response to variability in alkalinity was stronger in catchments with low lake and stream density and weaker in catchments with a more highly developed hydrological network. Lake abiotic variables were found to have more influence on macrophyte composition in lowland catchments with a higher intensity of human disturbance. Moreover, the catchment-scale factors promoting the establishment of different communities were found to vary between catchments depending on lake type, the degree of environmental heterogeneity and hydrological connectivity.
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TOLLEFSEN, Trond Ove. "The British-German fight over dismantling : the removal of industrial plants as reparations after the Second World War and its political repercussions." Doctoral thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1814/41938.
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Defence date: 9 June 2016<br>Examining Board: Professor Youssef Cassis, EUI (Supervisor); Professor Anne Deighton, Oxford University (External Supervisor); Professor Federico Romero, EUI; Professor Gabriele Clemens, Hamburg University.<br>The programme of dismantling German factories for reparations caused the biggest crisis in the relationship between British and the Germans during the apost-Second World War occupation years. By 1949, the peak year for dismantling in the British Zone, the Germans were convinced that the British, alone among the Allies, were pushing for continued dismantling, and that they were doing so for purely commercial reasons. The dismantling campaign has been almost exclusively by economic historian, with the consensus being that its effect was limited. This raises the question of why it turned into such a bitter political conflict. My thesis explores the dismantling programme from this angle. I show that the renewed dismantling programme from 1947 onwards caused rifts inwards in the British occupation apparatus, as the punitive aspects of the dismantling campaign and the strong German reaction against it started threatening what the British saw as their positive mission in Germany, re-educating the Germans. It caused a rift between the Allies, as the US Congress started a massive campaign to end dismantling in connection with the Marshall Aid, and with the French vacillating between ending and continuing dismantling. In Germany itself, the dismantling programme became an issue where the political parties, industry groups and labour unions sought to exploit the groundswell of popular discontent against dismantling for their own, wider political goals, often with a troublesome nationalistic rhetoric. Dismantling as a major political issue ended with the Petersberg agreement in November 1949. By this time the conflict over dismantling had festered for so long that it was relatively easy for the Adenauer government to sideline the British and focus their attentions on rapprochement with France and European economic integration. The most original part of the research focuses on how British debates on whether to proceed or end dismantling, and how British dismantling policies were shaped by other occupation goals focused on a particular British conception of power. The British increasingly saw dismantling as influencing British prestige, meant to compensate for lagging relative power. I define what the British meant by their prestige in this question, its imperial origins and how it failed.
Books on the topic "Plants, Toxic - Great Britain"
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Sell, P. D. Flora of Great Britain and Ireland: Mimosaceae - Lentibulariaceae. Cambridge University Press, 2009.
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Sell, P. D. Flora of Great Britain and Ireland: Campanulaceae - Asteraceae. Cambridge University Press, 2006.
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Cox, Martyn. 101 plants for problem places: Easy-care ideas for difficult sites. BBC, 2008.
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Jacqui, Hurst, and Rix Martyn, eds. Herbs and medicinal plants. Elm Tree Books, 1987.
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Lusby, Philip. Scottish wild plants: Their history, ecology, and conservation. Stationery Office, 1996.
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Spedding, C. R. W. Gardens: Their hidden life : unnoticed plants and unseen animals. Bloomsbury, 2012.
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Cooper, Marion R. Poisonous plants and fungi in Britain: Animal and human poisoning. 2nd ed. The Stationery Office, 1998.
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Cooper, Marion R. Poisonous plants and fungi in Britain: Animal and human poisoning. 2nd ed. Stationery Office, 1998.
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Department of the Environment. Toxic waste: The government's reply to the second report from the Environment Committee. H.M.S.O., 1989.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Plants, Toxic - Great Britain"
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Zlobin, Alexander, Valeriy Inozemcev, Sergey Komissarenko, et al. "Main steps of developing chemical organophosphorus agents abroad." In ORGANOPHOSPHORUS NEUROTOXINS. Publishing Center RIOR, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.29039/11_017-034.
Full textAbstract:
Organophosphorus compounds (OPC) occupy a special place among chemical warfare agents (CWA). High level of toxicity, a wide range of physicochemical properties, polyapplication of action already in the 1930s attracted the close attention of foreign military experts. In 1936, the German chemist Gerhard Schrader for the first time synthesized O-ethyl-dimethylamidocyanophosphate, known today as a herd. By the beginning of the Second World War, the staff of his laboratory synthesized over two thousand new OPC. Some of these compounds were selected for further study as CW agents and subsequently were adopted as weapons by the German army. In 1938 the same Gerhard Schrader have synthesized the organophosphorus compound, closed to tabun, but more toxic: O-isopropyl methyl fluorophosphate, called sarin. In 1944 the German chemist, the 1938 Nobel laureate in chemistry Richard Kuhn synthesized soman and revealed the damaging effect of organophosphorus CWA’s. In 1941 the British chemist Bernard Saunders synthesized diisopropyl fluorophosphate. During World War II the industrial production of organophosphorus CWA’s was organized in Germany, Great Britain and in the USA. Germany produced tabun, sarin and soman, the western allies: diisopropyl fluorophosphate. Till the end of World War II the leadership in the sphere of the development of nerve agents belonged to Nazi Germany. After the end of the war the German scientists, many of whom were devoted Nazis, continued their work under the auspices of military departments of the USA and Great Britain. Subsequently phosphorylated thiocholine esters: V-series substances (VG, VM, VR, VX, EA 3148, EA3317 agents etc.) were synthesized with their participation. The wide range of organophosphorus compounds was tested on volunteers in Porton Down (Great Britain) and in the Edgewood arsenal (USA). But after the synthesis of V-series agents the work on organophosphorus CWA’s did not stop. In recent years there appeared the tendency of the transformation of real threats connected with the chemical weapons use, to propaganda sphere. In recent years, there has been a tendency toward the transformation of real threats associated with the use of chemical weapons into provocation and an advocacy field, but this does not mean that the search for new CWA in Western countries has been stopped.
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Zlobin, Alexander, Valeriy Inozemcev, Sergey Komissarenko, Igor Medveckiy, Igor Nelga, and Sergey Tretyakov. "Main steps of developing chemical organophosphorus agents abroad." In Organophosphorous Neurotoxins. Publishing Center RIOR, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.29039/chapter_5e4132b5e7e856.69190447.
Full textAbstract:
Organophosphorus compounds (OPC) occupy a special place among chemical warfare agents (CWA). High level of toxicity, a wide range of physicochemical properties, polyapplication of action already in the 1930s attracted the close attention of foreign military experts. In 1936, the German chemist Gerhard Schrader for the first time synthesized O-ethyl-dimethylamidocyanophosphate, known today as a herd. By the beginning of the Second World War, the staff of his laboratory synthesized over two thousand new OPC. Some of these compounds were selected for further study as CW agents and subsequently were adopted as weapons by the German army. In 1938 the same Gerhard Schrader have synthesized the organophosphorus compound, closed to tabun, but more toxic: O-isopropyl methyl fluorophosphate, called sarin. In 1944 the German chemist, the 1938 Nobel laureate in chemistry Richard Kuhn synthesized soman and revealed the damaging effect of organophosphorus CWA’s. In 1941 the British chemist Bernard Saunders synthesized diisopropyl fluorophosphate. During World War II the industrial production of organophosphorus CWA’s was organized in Germany, Great Britain and in the USA. Germany produced tabun, sarin and soman, the western allies: diisopropyl fluorophosphate. Till the end of world war ii the leadership in the sphere of the development of nerve agents belonged to Nazi Germany. After the end of the war the German scientists, many of whom were devoted Nazis, continued their work under the auspices of military departments of the USA and Great Britain. Sub consequently phosphorylated thiocholine esters: V-series substances (VG, VM, VR, VX, EA 3148, EA3317 agents etc.) were synthesized with their participation. The wide range of organophosphorus compounds was tested on volunteers in Porton Down (Great Britain) and in the Edgewood arsenal (USA). But after the synthesis of V-series agents the work on organophosphorus CWA’s did not stop. In recent years there appeared the tendency of the transformation of real threats connected with the chemical weapons use, to propaganda sphere. In recent years, there has been a tendency toward the transformation of real threats associated with the use of chemical weapons into provocation and an advocacy field, but this does not mean that the search for new CWA in Western countries has been stopped.
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Frost, Mark. "John Curtis, British Entomology; Being Illustrations and Descriptions of the Genera of Insects Found in Great Britain and Ireland: Containing Coloured Figures from Nature of the Most Rare and Beautiful Species, and in Many Instances of the Plants upon which they are Found, Vol. I. Coleoptera." In Environment and Ecology in the Long Nineteenth-Century. Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429355653-65.
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Clements, Richard. "2. Constitutions: The nature and sources of the United Kingdom constitution." In Concentrate Questions and Answers Public Law. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/he/9780198819912.003.0002.
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The Q&A series offers the best preparation for tackling exam questions. Each chapter includes typical questions; diagram problem and essay answer plans, suggested answers, notes of caution, tips on obtaining extra marks, the key debates on each topic and suggestions on further reading. This chapter considers the constitution of the United Kingdom of Great Britain (England, Scotland, and Wales) and Northern Ireland. The questions deal with issues such as whether a written constitution would make a great improvement to the UK system of government; the purpose of constitutional conventions; Dicey’s theory of the rule of law; the meaning of ‘separation of powers’; and its role in the constitutional arrangements of the UK and devolution or federalism.
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Clements, Richard. "2. Constitutions: the nature and sources of the United Kingdom constitution." In Concentrate Questions and Answers Public Law. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/he/9780198853497.003.0002.
Full textAbstract:
The Q&A series offers the best preparation for tackling exam questions. Each chapter includes typical questions, diagram problem and essay answer plans, suggested answers, notes of caution, tips on obtaining extra marks, the key debates on each topic, and suggestions on further reading. This chapter considers the constitution of the United Kingdom of Great Britain (England, Scotland, and Wales) and Northern Ireland. The questions deal with issues such as whether a written constitution would make a great improvement to the UK system of government; the purpose of constitutional conventions; Dicey’s theory of the rule of law; the meaning of ‘separation of powers’; and its role in the constitutional arrangements of the UK and devolution or federalism.
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Clements, Richard. "2. Constitutions:." In Concentrate Questions and Answers Public Law. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/he/9780198745259.003.0002.
Full textAbstract:
The Q&A series offers the best preparation for tackling exam questions. Each chapter includes typical questions; diagram problem and essay answer plans, suggested answers, notes of caution, tips on obtaining extra marks, the key debates on each topic and suggestions on further reading. This chapter considers the constitution of the United Kingdom of Great Britain (England, Scotland, and Wales) and Northern Ireland. The questions deal with issues such as whether a written constitution would make a great improvement to the UK system of government; the purpose of constitutional conventions; Dicey’s theory of the rule of law; the meaning of ‘separation of powers’; and its role in the constitutional arrangements of the UK and devolution or federalism.
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Irina Cordea, Mirela, and Orsolya Borsai. "Salt and Water Stress Responses in Plants." In Plant Stress Physiology - Perspectives in Agriculture [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.101072.
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Climate change-driven ecological disturbances have a great impact on freshwater availability which hampers agricultural production. Currently, drought and salinity are the two major abiotic stress factors responsible for the reduction of crop yields worldwide. Increasing soil salt concentration decreases plant water uptake leading to an apparent water limitation and later to the accumulation of toxic ions in various plant organs which negatively affect plant growth. Plants are autotrophic organisms that function with simple inorganic molecules, but the underlying pathways of defense mechanisms are much more complex and harder to unravel. However, the most promising strategy to achieve sustainable agriculture and to meet the future global food demand, is the enhancement of crop stress tolerance through traditional breeding techniques and genetic engineering. Therefore, it is very important to better understand the tolerance mechanisms of the plants, including signaling pathways, biochemical and physiological responses. Although, these mechanisms are based on a well-defined set of basic responses, they can vary among different plant species.
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Fu, Li. "Good Guy vs. Bad Guy: The Opposing Roles of Nanoparticles in Plant." In Pathways to Green Nanomaterials: Plants as Raw Materials, Reducing Agents and Hosts. BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBLISHERS, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/9789815136388123010009.
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The increasingly wide application of artificial nanomaterials is bound to lead to a large number of nanomaterials in the ecological environment, so the possible environmental pollution and ecological effects of nanomaterials have also attracted great attention. Plants are an important part of the ecosystem. On the one hand, nanomaterials may affect the development and growth of plants. On the other hand, the metabolic activities of plants can affect the migration and transformation behavior of nanomaterials in the environment and their transmission in the food web. This chapter reviews recent studies on the interaction between nanomaterials and plants, and discusses the toxic effects of different nanomaterials on plants from the plant to the plant cell level, as well as the process of plant uptake and transport of nanomaterials.
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Syage, Jack A. "New Developments in Molecular Detection by Supersonic Molecular Beam, Laser Mass Spectrometry." In Lasers and Mass Spectrometry. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195059298.003.0021.
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Abstract Sensitive methods of detection serve a wide variety of applications.’ Chemical analysis, for instance, often involves determining the composition of a given sample (i.e., assays) or the extent of contamination. Particular requirements might include the separation of isomers or isotopic substituents in molecules. These applications usually require high levels of sensitivity and selectivity, but not necessarily rapid analysis times (at least on a real-time basis). Another important area requiring trace detection methods is atmospheric monitoring. Applications are great in situations that have high environmental impact, such as toxic waste sites, space launch facilities, and nuclear power plants. Here, rapid analysis is more important. This statement is particularly true in situations involving toxic and hazardous compounds that might endanger life (i.e., chemical warfare agents).
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Siddique, Shahid, and John T. Jones. "Advances in understanding plant root response to nematode attack." In Understanding and improving crop root function. Burleigh Dodds Science Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19103/as.2020.0075.14.
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Plant parasitic nematodes are damaging pests on all crops grown across the world. They exploit plants using a range of strategies, ranging from simple browsing ectoparasitism to highly complex biotrophic endoparasites. Some nematodes induce the formation of complex feeding structures in the roots of their hosts that require extensive reprogramming of host gene expression. These changes include changes in fundamentally important plant processes, including the cell cycle. Natural resistance can be used to control plant nematodes, and great progress has been made in mapping and identifying resistance genes against nematodes. Recent work has shown that the dependence of nematodes on a feeding structure has allowed plants to evolve new mechanisms of resistance that target this structure with a toxic response.
Conference papers on the topic "Plants, Toxic - Great Britain"
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Martinez Sanz, Inmaculada, Balarko Chaudhuri, and Rajat Majumder. "HVDC connection to large nuclear power plants: A case study on Moorside in Great Britain." In 2017 IEEE Power & Energy Society General Meeting (PESGM). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/pesgm.2017.8273764.
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Santos, Gabriela, and Cristina Carvalho. "Ergonomic Fashion Design: Sustainable Dyes." In Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics Conference. AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1001318.
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Water waste, contamination, and fossil fuel generated energy are acknowledged issues within the textile industry. Current dyeing processes pose serious threat to the environment and human health, often associated with toxic and carcinogenic substances that are released into the environment, through effluents not conveniently treated before being discharged into natural waters. Besides print and pattern, consumers demand for basic characteristics in textiles – these must resist to agents that cause colours to fade. On the other hand, industry must provide a great range of colours and access to huge quantities of coloured substance to dye. Simultaneously, it must be cost-effective. Natural dyes are perceived as less harmful for the environment due to its biodegradable nature. Studies reveal certain natural dyes possess UVR protection properties, as well as antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory assets. Nevertheless, depending on the nature of the dye, there are many advantages and disadvantages to consider.Through an extensive study on various fields such as Biotechnology, History, Ethnography, Biology, Archaeology, amongst many others we gathered information regarding natural coloured compounds, colour sources (plants, animals and microorganisms), ancient and modern techniques of extraction and application. This study shows the evolution of dyes throughout the centuries. It also reveals that the revival of natural dyes in addiction to new cutting edge technologies such as biotechnology might allow for an industrial feasibility.
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Samoilova, Anna. "Effect of phages isolated from different sources against fire blight pathogen." In 5th International Scientific Conference on Microbial Biotechnology. Institute of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Republic of Moldova, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.52757/imb22.29.
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Fire blight of rosaceous plants is one of the economically most important diseases of fruit trees caused by the bacterium Erwinia amylovora. Plants are extremely vulnerable for fire blight infection at the bloom stage. Blossom blight can lead to the great crop losses and even the plant death. Since chemical treatments are forbidden in time of blossoming, bacteriophages, highly specific bacterial viruses could be used for the disease control. Being the natural components of ecosystems, phages infect only bacteria sensitive to them, are non-toxic to plants, animals and humans and are adapted to the bacteria environment. It has been shown that bacterium E. amylovora expresses its major pathogenicity factors during immature pear tissues infection. Therefore, in this study, the ability of four virulent E. amylovora bacteriophages, isolated from the aerial parts of the affected plants (phage isolate 1 from quince tissues; phage isolate 2 from hawthorn, Republic of Moldova) and from natural water reservoirs near fruits orchards or wild rosaceous trees (phage isolates 3 and 4, Swiss Confederation) to inhibit E. amylovora growth in the immature pear tissues was evaluated. Immature pear slices were inoculated with suspensions of E. amylovora CFBP1430 and EaM contained 104 CFU/ml. After four hours incubation in the humidified chamber at 280C infected immature pear slices were treated with 107 PFU/ml of phage isolates. Pear slices, treated with sterile distilled water were used as a control. Symptoms were recorded at 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7 and 8 days after inoculation. For each bacteria strain/phage isolate combination tested pear slices were assayed in triplicate and each experiment was repeated at least two times. Immature pear slices infected with bacteria EaM displayed the first symptoms of the fire blight, ooze formation and light necrosis, one day after inoculation. Pear slices, infected with E. amylovora CFBP1430 demonstrated ooze and necrosis two days after inoculation. In the bacteria/phage combinations the first symptoms of the fire blight appeared on the sixth day after inoculation in the variants of EaM/phage isolate 3 and CFBP1430/phage isolate 3. On the seventh and eighth days after inoculation symptoms of the fire blight infection have been recorded in the EaM/phage isolate 2 and CFBP1430/ phage isolate 2, respectively. Bacteria/phage combinations EaM/phage isolate 4 and CFBP1430/ phage isolate 4 showed disease symptoms on the seventh day after inoculation. Immature pear slices in the variants EaM/phage isolate 1 and CFBP1430/phage isolate 1 showed necrotic lesion eight days after inoculation. Thus, phage isolate 4, detected in water was able to suppress growth of phytopathogenic E. amylovora just a day less than highly virulent phage isolate 1 detected in the quince tissues. The conducted experiments have demonstrated that bacteriophages isolated from water revealed high efficacy against bacteria E. amylovora and all studied phage isolates successfully inhibited the fire blight causative agent growth in the plant host tissues for about seven days. Hence it has been shown that treatment with bacteriophages for the fire blight control in the fruit orchard should be carried out weekly if environmental conditions are favorable for the disease development.
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Akhtar, Tehsin, and Bablu Kumar Maiti. "Rationalization of Flares at Terminal Island." In Abu Dhabi International Petroleum Exhibition & Conference. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/207414-ms.
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Abstract This study aims to assess potential opportunities for optimizing the number of flares operated by COMPANY at the Terminal Island with oil and gas processing, storage and export facilities, while considering ongoing and future developments on the island and possible integration with flare network of other downstream Company. The different flare systems cater to flaring requirements of HP, MP and LP systems in oil and gas processing plants at the island. The fundamental drivers for flare systems rationalization study are disadvantages associated with greater number of flares such as: More plot area usage for flares at expense of industrial expansion Increased HSE risks in terms of thermal radiation and dispersion of toxic gases More fuel gas consumption as purge and pilot gas Higher operational and maintenance costs In this study, existing flares at Terminal Island were studied and options were developed for each flare system with the aim of rationalizing the number of flares. These options included demolition of flares, diversion and redistribution of respective flare loads to other flares. Relocation of flares to offshore platforms / reclaimed areas in sea and replacement of elevated flare with enclosed ground flare, which has negligible thermal radiation was also considered. The rationalization options developed for each flare system were evaluated on the basis of factors such as recovered sterile area, reduction in purge gas (Hydrocarbon and Nitrogen) and pilot gas consumption, maintenance cost, operation cost, number of flares and estimated investment as CAPEX (for modification scope). The current and future flare loads were taken into account while developing these options. The flare design capacities, available capacities for accommodating additional flare loads, sterile area freed along with minimization of associated dispersion and thermal radiation effects at ground level after demolition of flares were also considered for generation of suitable rationalization options. A simplified and optimized flaring network at Terminal Island operated by COMPANY was developed by reducing the number of flares based on techno-economic screening, while safeguarding the operational and safety requirements. As concluded from the study, eight (8) nos. of flares occupying significant sterile radii can be demolished out of total fourteen (14) nos. of existing flares. The sterile area recovered (approximately 77,000 m2) as result of flares rationalization is of great value and importance for building new facilities. The land recovered can be used for future developmental projects on the island instead of opting for land reclamation. In addition, COMPANY's objectives to reduce environmental impact, associated HSE risks and thermal radiation intensity at surrounding areas / facilities will also be achieved.
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Kravárik, Kamil, Vladimír Míchal, and Peter Menyhardt. "Technologies Used for D&D of the A-1 NPP in Slovakia and Their Comparison With Advanced Worldwide Approaches." In ASME 2001 8th International Conference on Radioactive Waste Management and Environmental Remediation. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2001-1279.
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Abstract This paper deals with technologies used for decommissioning and decontamination of the A-1 Nuclear Power Plant in Slovakia and their comparison with advanced worldwide approaches. Present status and main results in the field of D&D of this first Czechoslovak NPP A-1 at Jaslovské Bohunice are described. NPP A-1 has one unit with reactor cooled by CO2 and moderated by heavy water. Plant was in operation from 1972 to 1977 and its final shutdown and closure were done due to relatively serious accident. The A-1 NPP Decommissioning Project – I. phase is performed at the present time and represents the most important project of NPP decommissioning in Central Europe. The main goal of the project is to achieve radiologically safe status of the NPP. It includes following activities: • conditioning, storage and disposal of liquid radioactive waste, solid and metallic radioactive waste, sludge and sorbents, • development, manufacture and verification of advanced methodologies and technologies for D&D of nuclear facilities, • decontamination of specified equipment and structures to reduce free activity, • technical support and preparation of following phases within the A-1 NPP overall decommissioning process. The project should give the complex solution of problems related to decommissioning and decontamination of NPPs in Slovakia. Verified methodology and technology should be used as a generic approach for decommissioning of the V-1, V-2 (Jaslovské Bohunice) and Mochovce Nuclear Power Plants as well as the other European NPPs with WWER reactors. Significant part of paper deals with following issues within D&D of the A-1 NPP: • computer aided technologies, • decontamination, • dismantling, demolishing and remote handling manipulators, • dosimetry measurements within D&D, • radioactive waste management. This paper also includes basic comparison with advanced worldwide approaches to decommissioning and decontamination mainly in USA, Japan and West Europe and the recommendations are done when it is possible. The comparison shows that trends in the field of D&D in the Slovak Republic are compatible and comparable with the most significant world trends. It is noted that some sorts of D&D technologies like for example telerobotic systems developed in the world are at the relatively higher technical level. Decommissioning technologies in Slovakia should be permanently improved on the base of experiences from home and abroad industry and from the real operation. It is supposed that after short time could be achieved technical level comparable with the best D&D robots and manipulators. A basic strategy of NPP decommissioning in the Slovak Republic is regulated by standards, which are in accordance with recommendations of international bodies like the International Atomic Energy Agency, European Commission, U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, OECD Nuclear Energy Agency etc. In the field of NPP D&D the Slovak Republic co-operates with many international organizations and also with main active countries in D&D like Germany, France, Belgium, Great Britain, USA, Japan, Russian Federation, Hungary, Poland and Czech Republic. Intensive international co-operation at all levels has already been established at the present time.
Reports on the topic "Plants, Toxic - Great Britain"
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Morin, Shai, Gregory Walker, Linda Walling, and Asaph Aharoni. Identifying Arabidopsis thaliana Defense Genes to Phloem-feeding Insects. United States Department of Agriculture, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2013.7699836.bard.
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The whitefly (Bemisia tabaci) is a serious agricultural pest that afflicts a wide variety of ornamental and vegetable crop species. To enable survival on a great diversity of host plants, whiteflies must have the ability to avoid or detoxify numerous different plant defensive chemicals. Such toxins include a group of insect-deterrent molecules called glucosinolates (GSs), which also provide the pungent taste of Brassica vegetables such as radish and cabbage. In our BARD grant, we used the whitefly B. tabaci and Arabidopsis (a Brassica plant model) defense mutants and transgenic lines, to gain comprehensive understanding both on plant defense pathways against whiteflies and whitefly defense strategies against plants. Our major focus was on GSs. We produced transgenic Arabidopsis plants accumulating high levels of GSs. At the first step, we examined how exposure to high levels of GSs affects decision making and performance of whiteflies when provided plants with normal levels or high levels of GSs. Our major conclusions can be divided into three: (I) exposure to plants accumulating high levels of GSs, negatively affected the performance of both whitefly adult females and immature; (II) whitefly adult females are likely to be capable of sensing different levels of GSs in their host plants and are able to choose, for oviposition, the host plant on which their offspring survive and develop better (preference-performance relationship); (III) the dual presence of plants with normal levels and high levels of GSs, confused whitefly adult females, and led to difficulties in making a choice between the different host plants. These findings have an applicative perspective. Whiteflies are known as a serious pest of Brassica cropping systems. If the differences found here on adjacent small plants translate to field situations, intercropping with closely-related Brassica cultivars could negatively influence whitefly population build-up. At the second step, we characterized the defensive mechanisms whiteflies use to detoxify GSs and other plant toxins. We identified five detoxification genes, which can be considered as putative "key" general induced detoxifiers because their expression-levels responded to several unrelated plant toxic compounds. This knowledge is currently used (using new funding) to develop a new technology that will allow the production of pestresistant crops capable of protecting themselves from whiteflies by silencing insect detoxification genes without which successful host utilization can not occur. Finally, we made an effort to identify defense genes that deter whitefly performance, by infesting with whiteflies, wild-type and defense mutated Arabidopsis plants. The infested plants were used to construct deep-sequencing expression libraries. The 30- 50 million sequence reads per library, provide an unbiased and quantitative assessment of gene expression and contain sequences from both Arabidopsis and whiteflies. Therefore, the libraries give us sequence data that can be mined for both the plant and insect gene expression responses. An intensive analysis of these datasets is underway. We also conducted electrical penetration graph (EPG) recordings of whiteflies feeding on Arabidopsis wild-type and defense mutant plants in order to determine the time-point and feeding behavior in which plant-defense genes are expressed. We are in the process of analyzing the recordings and calculating 125 feeding behavior parameters for each whitefly. From the analyses conducted so far we conclude that the Arabidopsis defense mutants do not affect adult feeding behavior in the same manner that they affect immatures development. Analysis of the immatures feeding behavior is not yet completed, but if it shows the same disconnect between feeding behavior data and developmental rate data, we would conclude that the differences in the defense mutants are due to a qualitative effect based on the chemical constituency of the phloem sap.