Relevant bibliographies by topics / Plasma electrolytic treatment

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  2. Dissertations / Theses
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Academic literature on the topic 'Plasma electrolytic treatment'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 3 June 2025
Last updated: 22 June 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Plasma electrolytic treatment"

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Belkin, P. N., and S. A. Kusmanov. "Plasma Electrolytic Boriding of Steels and Titanium Alloys (Review)." Elektronnaya Obrabotka Materialov 54(5) (October 17, 2018): 1–30. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1464848.

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Results of diffusion saturation of steels and titanium alloys with boron and other elements under cathodic and anodic electrolysis plasma are considered. Processing regimes and electrolytes compositions, structural features of modified layers, their microhardness, surface roughness, as well as data of tribological and corrosion tests in various environments are presented. The treatment conditions are found to significantly increase the wear resistance and corrosion protection of structural steels and titanium alloys. A conclusion is made on the prospects of electrolytic-plasma treatment; plasma electrolytic boriding has proven its potential; the advantages and limitations of the method are noted, including promising areas for further research.
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Kusmanov, S. A., B. L. Krit, I. A. Kusmanova, I. V. Tambovskii, T. L. Mukhacheva, and S. N. Grigor’ev. "Technological Methods and Equipment for Plasma-Electrolytic Processing of Metals and Alloys." Elektronnaya Obrabotka Materialov 60, no. 5 (2024): 54–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.52577/eom.2024.60.5.54.

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The proposed review presents the results of the analysis of the equipment and technological methods for implementing the plasma electrolytic chemical-thermal treatment and plasma electrolytic polishing. A group of methods based on the immersion of workpieces in an electrolyzer was considered, as well as a method of a local treatment by the jet feed of an electrolyte to the area of the surface being treated. The influence of the design and characteristics of the electrolyzer, the power source and the system for feeding the work-piece into the electrolyte on the specifics of plasma electrolytic treatment methods is shown. Technological methods improving the quality and productivity of treatment are considered. Limitations in the applicability of the existing equipment were revealed, and the prospects for the improvement in the field of development of equipment and technologies for plasma electrolytic treatment were determined.
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Steblyanko, V. L., and A. P. Ponomarev. "Plasma-Electrolytic Treatment as an Innovative and Resource-Saving Technology of Metal Surface Treatment." Materials Science Forum 870 (September 2016): 416–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.870.416.

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The research presents the capabilities of the method of plasma-electrolytic treatment of metal surface that define it as an innovative and resource-saving technology. It is characterized by the synergetic effect of the plasma-electrolytic technology on the surface being treated. The paper shows the effect of different plasma-electrolytic treatment conditions on change of metal physico-chemical and structural-energy properties.
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Lu, Shuai, Xiaowei Sun, Bowei Zhang, and Junsheng Wu. "Review of Cathode Plasma Electrolysis Treatment: Progress, Applications, and Advancements in Metal Coating Preparation." Materials 17, no. 16 (2024): 3929. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma17163929.

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Cathodic plasma electrolytic treatment (CPET) is an emerging surface modification and coating preparation technology. By utilizing plasma discharge induced through electrolysis and the cooling impact of electrolyte, metal cleaning, saturation, and coating preparation are efficiently achieved. In this review, the principle, application, and development of the CPET process are briefly summarized based on the past literature. Detailed insights are provided into the influence of electrolyte parameters (pH, metal salt concentration, and temperature), electrical parameters (voltage, duty cycle, and frequency), and process parameters (electrode area ratio, material, roughness, and deposition time) on plasma discharge and coating formation for metal coatings. The interaction mechanism between plasma and material surfaces is also investigated. Recommendations and future research avenues are suggested to propel CPET and its practical implementations. This review is expected to provide assistance and inspiration for researchers engaged in CPET.
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Belkin, Pavel N., Alexander Naumov, Sergei Shadrin, et al. "Anodic Plasma Electrolytic Saturation of Steels by Carbon and Nitrogen." Advanced Materials Research 704 (June 2013): 37–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.704.37.

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Review of results in anodic plasma electrolytic saturation of structural steels with nitrogen and carbon in the aqueous electrolytes containing ammonia chloride and required additional constituents is presented. Proposed nitrohardening technology of the medium-carbon steels includes the short-time nitrogen saturation with the following hardening in the electrolyte. Short-time anodic carburizing possibility of the low-carbon steels with following hardening is shown. Treatment samples microhardness is 630±30 HV, their surface roughness decreases from 1.2 to 0.22 μm.
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Raiymbekov, L. G., Zh Sagdoldina, D. R. Baizhan, N. E. Berdimuratov, and S. D. Bolatov. "The Analysis of Structure Change and Tribomechanical Properties of Alloyed Steel Surfaces Modified by Diffusion Electrolyte-Plasma Boriding Method." Bulletin of the Karaganda University "Physics Series" 11730, no. 1 (2025): 68–76. https://doi.org/10.31489/2025ph1/68-76.

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Nowadays, one of the key requirements in mechanical engineering when manufacturing parts from constructional steels is the hardness and wear resistance parameters. One of the relevant solutions to this issue could be diffusion-electrolytic-plasma boriding, as the steel surface is enriched with boron elements during treatment, while the core of the part remains in its original state. This study addresses the technological capabilities of the diffusion-electrolytic-plasma boriding method for steels. The steel 30CrMnSiA was treated on a diffusion-electrolytic-plasma boriding setup. The treatment duration was 5 and 7 minutes, using a 15 % sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) and 20 % borax (Na2B4O7) aqueous solution as the electrolyte. It was established that the cross-sectional structure of the steel after diffusion-electrolytic-plasma boriding is characterized by zoning, with the formation of a modified layer approximately 650 µm thick. As a result of diffusion-electrolytic-plasma boriding, the microhardness of 30CrMnSiA steel is enhanced by 2.5 to 3 times in comparison to its original state, due to the formation of hardening phases.
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Khalyk, S. Sh, and Sh R. Kurbanbekov. "Simulation of voltage characteristics of vapor-gas shell during electrolyte-plasma treatment." Q A Iasaýı atyndaǵy Halyqaralyq qazaq-túrіk ýnıversıtetіnіń habarlary (fızıka matematıka ınformatıka serııasy) 29, no. 2 (2024): 43–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.47526/2024-2/2524-0080.04.

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Electrolytic plasma processing (EPT) is a method of surface treatment of materials based on the use of plasma and an electrolytic solution. This abstract discusses the principle of action, main applications and potential benefits of EPТ. The EPТ technique involves immersing the object being treated in an electrolytic solution, after which an electric current is applied, causing decomposition of the solution and the formation of a plasma cloud at the surface of the material being processed. Exposure to plasma and chemically active components of the solution makes it possible to modify the surface of the material, improving its properties, such as adhesion, strength and corrosion resistance. EPТ is widely used in a variety of industries, including metalworking, electronics, medical equipment and food processing. The advantages of the method include high efficiency, the ability to process complex shapes and materials, as well as environmental safety due to the absence of the use of chemically aggressive substances. Electrolytic plasma processing is a promising direction in the field of surface modification of materials with a wide range of potential applications. In this paper, theoretical studies of vapor-gas shell formation in the near-surface region of structural steels in the cathodic heating mode of electrolyte-plasma treatment were considered. The technology of electrolyte-plasma hardening, providing the required mechanical properties of products, which are often subjected to wear, temperature and force effects, was investigated. Based on the results of theoretical studies, mathematical calculations of voltage, current density, and dependence graphs were made to obtain a model of vapor-gas shell formation in the process of cathodic heating. Modeling of calculations of vapor-gas shell formation in the process of cathodic heating was carried out with the help of Maple program.
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Aliakseyeu, Yu G., A. Yu Korolyov, V. S. Niss, A. E. Parshuto, and A. S. Budnitskiy. "ELECTROLYTE-PLASMA POLISHING OF TITANIUM AND NIOBIUM ALLOYS." Science & Technique 17, no. 3 (2018): 211–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.21122/2227-1031-2018-17-3-211-219.

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Titanium and niobium alloys are widely used at present in aircraft, nuclear energy, microwave technology, space and ultrasonic technology, as well as in manufacture of medical products. In most cases production technology of such products involves an implementation of a quality polishing surface. Mechanical and electrochemical methods are conventionally used for polishing products made of titanium and niobium alloys. Disadvantages of mechanical methods are low productivity, susceptibility to introduction of foreign particles, difficulties in processing complex geometric shapes. These materials are hard-to-machine for electrochemical technologies and processes of their polishing require the use of toxic electrolytes. Traditionally, electrochemical polishing of titanium and niobium alloys is carried out in acid electrolytes consisting of toxic hydrofluoric (20–25 %), sulfuric nitric and perchloric acids. The disadvantage of such solutions is their high aggressiveness and harmful effects for production personnel and environment. This paper proposes to use fundamentally new developed modes of electrolytic-plasma treatment for electrolyte-plasma polishing and cleaning products of titanium and niobium alloys while using simple electrolyte composition based on an aqueous ammonium fluoride solution providing a significant increase in surface quality that ensures high reflectivity. Due to the use of aqueous electrolyte the technology has a high ecological safety in comparison with traditional electrochemical polishing. The paper presents results of the study pertaining to the effect of titanium and niobium electrolytic-plasma polishing characteristics using the developed mode for productivity, processing efficiency, surface quality, and structure and properties of the surface to be treated. Based on the obtained results, processes of electrolytic-plasma polishing of a number of products made of titanium alloys BT6 (Grade 5), used in medicine and aircraft construction, have been worked out in the paper.
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Belkin, P.N., S.A. Silkin, I.G. Dyakov, S.V. Burov, and S.A. Kusmanov. "Influence of Plasma Electrolytic Polishing Conditions on Surface Roughness of Steel." Elektronnaya Obrabotka Materialov 55 (3) (June 15, 2019): 15–22. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3244425.

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Anodic polishing of medium carbon steel (0.45 wt.% C) and austenitic stainless steel 12X18H10T in aqueous electrolytes based on ammonium chloride or ammonium sulfate is studied under conditions of natural or force convection. Surface roughness, weight loss of the samples, and the current as a result of polishing are measured. A possibility of the plasma electrolytic polishing using a setup for anodic thermal chemical treatment of compounds with their longitudinal flowing by electrolyte is shown. Polishing regimes are determined to decrease the initial surface roughness of the steels from <em>R<sub>a</sub></em> = 1.0 &mu;m to 0.19&ndash;0.22 &mu;m for&nbsp;5 minutes at a rate of the sample weight loss being 0.5&ndash;0.7 mg/s. The minimal surface roughness is obtained using a 3% solution of ammonium chloride at a flow rate of 0.8 l/min, a voltage of 300 V, and an electrolyte temperature of 80&deg;C.
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Belkin, Pavel N., Sergei A. Kusmanov, Alexander Naumov, and Yulia Parkaeva. "Anodic Plasma Electrolytic Nitrocarburizing of Low-Carbon Steel." Advanced Materials Research 704 (June 2013): 31–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.704.31.

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Alternating surface oxide and hardened layers were fabricated by means of anodic plasma nitrocarburizing of low-carbon steel in aqueous ammonium chloride/carbamide solutions. The effect of electrolyte composition and treatment conditions on the phase characteristics, structure and properties of the surface layers was studied. The distributions of hardness, phase and structure composition of the surface layers were defined. Controllability of diffusion saturation with nitrogen and carbon by variation of electrolyte composition and treatment temperature was shown. The formation of nitrogen and carbon, which are diffusing into the steel surface at anodic plasma electrolytic nitrocarburizing was described.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Plasma electrolytic treatment"

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Rajput, Ajeet Singh, Henning Zeidler, and Andreas Schubert. "Analysis of voltage and current during the Plasma electrolytic Polishing of stainless steel." Universitätsbibliothek Chemnitz, 2017. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:ch1-qucosa-227115.

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Plasma electrolytic Polishing (PeP) is a non-conventional technology for the surface treatment of electrically conductive materials. It is an effective machining technique for cleaning and polishing of metals and considered as a more environmentally friendly alternative to the electropolishing process. The electropolishing process uses aggressive media such as acids, whereas in PeP, acids or toxicants are replaced by low concentrated water solutions of various salts. In PeP, high DC voltage is applied to the electrodes in the aqueous electrolyte solution, which establishes a thin steam-gas layer around the surface of the work piece resulting in the generation of plasma. From the previous research, it is found that the formation of stable plasma generally takes place between 180-370 volts, where it results in better surface conditions. The aim of this study is to analyse the behaviour of current according to different voltages and their effects on surface roughness and material removal rate (MRR) of stainless steel in Plasma electrolytic Polishing process.
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Mertens, Jeremy. "Atmospheric plasma treatment of aluminum alloy surfaces: Oxide growth and oxygen rich organic coating deposition." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2019. https://dipot.ulb.ac.be/dspace/bitstream/2013/287803/3/these.pdf.

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L’objectif de cette thèse consiste en une étude fondamentale de différentes approches pour la modification de surfaces d’alliages d’aluminium. Elle s’inscrit dans le cadre du projet FLYCOAT, subventionné par la région Wallonne. Ce dernier avait pour objectif le développement d’alternatives au couplage classique d’un procédé d’anodisation utilisant des bains de Cr (VI) aux résines époxy pour la protection des alliages d’aluminium contre la corrosion. Dans un premier temps, la synthèse par plasma atmosphérique dans un réacteur de type décharge à barrière diélectrique (DBD) de films riches en groupements carboxyliques à partir de 8 précurseurs organiques est étudiée. Une attention particulière est portée à la compréhension fondamentale des mécanismes de polymérisation de ces précurseurs. L’influence significative de minimes variations de la structure chimique du précurseur est étudiée. Concrètement, nous démontrons l’impact de la présence et de la position de doubles liaisons ou encore le ratio C/O dans le monomère injecté sur le mécanisme de synthèse des couches déposées. Pour ce faire, une méthodologie combinant des analyses de la phase plasma et des films déposés est proposée. Les propriétés électriques de la DBD d’argon sont évaluées par oscilloscope avant et durant l’injection des différents précurseurs. La quantité d’énergie transférée de la décharge vers le précurseur est évaluée par spectroscopie d’émission optique et corrélée à sa structure. Une fragmentation réduite est mise en évidence par spectrométrie de masse pour les monomères contenant une double liaison. Ces analyses de la phase plasma sont alors corrélées avec les propriétés physiques et chimiques des films synthétisés. Les compositions chimiques de surface et de la matrice des couches minces sont étudiées par spectroscopie à photoélectrons X (XPS) et infrarouge. Le rôle essentiel de la présence et de la position de la double liaison dans la molécule injectée est démontré. Les vitesses de dépôt et la rugosité des films déposés par plasma atmosphérique avec l’injection des 8 précurseurs sont évaluées par profilométrie à stylet. Dans la seconde partie, le couplage de deux méthodes de plasma atmosphérique est proposé pour la synthèse de couches d’alumine aux propriétés adaptables. Le premier traitement consiste en un nombre varié de passages d’une torche plasma opérant dans un régime d’arc. L’effet du nombre de passages sur les propriétés physiques et chimiques du substrat est étudié par XPS, angle de contact, microscopie électronique à balayage et mesures de diffraction à rayons X. Une corrélation est suggérée entre le nombre de passages de la torche et les propriétés électrochimiques du substrat. L’influence de ce premier traitement sur les propriétés de la couche d’oxyde d’aluminium synthétisée par oxydation par plasma électrolytique est mise en évidence. Dans un troisième temps, le plasma pouvant être considéré comme un réservoir d’énergie, une étude de faisabilité est réalisée afin d’évaluer sa potentielle utilisation pour la réticulation d’une résine de type benzoxazine. L’efficacité du traitement par DBD atmosphérique d’argon ou hélium est comparée et discutée.<br>Doctorat en Sciences<br>info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
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Руденко, Лідія Федорівна, Лидия Федоровна Руденко, Lidiia Fedorivna Rudenko та М. С. Устименко. "Упрочнение деталей методом электролитно-плазменной обработки". Thesis, Сумский государственный университет, 2014. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/40214.

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Nie, Xueyuan. "Process and property effects in hybrid/duplex plasma treatments using vacuum deposition and electrolysis." Thesis, University of Hull, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.322366.

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Bassil, Joëlle. "Développement par procédés plasma de polymères conducteurs protoniques de type phosphonique pour piles à combustible." Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014MON20029/document.

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Afin de rendre les piles à combustible de type PEMFC réellement compétitives, un certain nombre d'inconvénients liés à l'utilisation du Nafion® restent à contourner, en particulier sa mauvaise conductivité protonique à des températures supérieures à 80°C. Dans l'optique de pouvoir opérer à plus hautes températures (jusqu'à 120°C), le développement de membranes moins sensibles à l'eau s'avère donc déterminant. Les polymères à base de fonctions acide phosphonique sont considérés comme des candidats potentiels pour une intégration en tant que matériau électrolyte dans les PEMFC « hautes températures » (&gt; 80°C) grâce à leur fort caractère amphotère qui leur confère une bonne conductivité protonique dans des conditions d'humidité réduites. Dans ce contexte, la majeure partie de ce travail de thèse concerne l'élaboration par polymérisation plasma (PECVD) de polymères à base de groupements acide phosphonique à partir du monoprécurseur diméthyl allyl phosphonate. Dans un premier temps, nous avons démontré la faisabilité d'élaborer par polymérisation plasma des polymères à base de fonctions acide phosphonique à partir d'un monoprécurseur. Nous avons confirmé par IRTF, EDX et XPS la présence des groupements acide phosphonique favorables au transport protonique et l'homogénéité de la composition chimique de la surface jusqu'au cœur du matériau plasma. Les matériaux plasma montrent une bonne stabilité thermique dans la gamme de température 80°C - 120°C. Ensuite, une optimisation des conditions de synthèse a été réalisée. Les plus importantes valeurs de vitesses de croissance (28 nm.min-1 sur plaquette de silicium, 22 nm.min-1 sur PTFE et 26 nm.min-1 sur Nafion®211), de CEI (4,65 meq.g-1) et de conductivité (0,08 mS.cm-1 à 90°C et 30% RH) sont celles de la membrane synthétisée à 60 W. Des mesures de perméabilité au méthanol, à l'éthanol et au glycérol ont été réalisées et montrent que les films plasma sont intrinsèquement 40 à 235 fois moins perméables au combustible que le Nafion®211 du fait de leur fort taux de réticulation. Les polymères ont été déposés en tant que liants sur des électrodes E-TEK® pour intégration en pile. Nous avons constaté que le liant phosphonique plasma possède une conductivité protonique suffisante pour permettre le transport des protons à l'interface membrane-électrodes. En parallèle, nous avons réalisé le traitement de surface par plasma d'une membrane phosphonique conventionnelle pour en améliorer la stabilité thermique et la rétention au combustible. Les analyses thermogravimétriques montrent une légère amélioration de la stabilité thermique suite au traitement de surface. Des tests de perméabilité au méthanol et à l'éthanol montrent que la membrane traitée par plasma est 2 à 4 fois moins perméable que la membrane vierge. Le traitement à 60 W conduit aux coefficients de diffusion les plus faibles (DMeOH = 9.10-12 m2.s-1 et DEtOH = 6.10-12 m2.s-1). Des tests en pile ont été effectués montrant de meilleures performances de la membrane traitée en comparaison de son homologue non traité<br>The proton exchange membrane is a key component in the PEMFC-type fuel cell; it plays a decisive role as electrolyte medium for proton transport and barrier to avoid the direct contact between fuel and oxygen. The Nafion® is one of the most extensively studied proton exchange membrane for PEMFC applications. However, it has a number of drawbacks that need to be overcome, especially the poor performance at temperature above 80°C. That's why the development of effective and low cost membranes for fuel cell turned to be a challenge for the membrane community in the last years. Phosphonic acid derivatives are considered suitable candidates as ionomers for application in PEMFC at high temperature (&gt; 80°C) thanks to their efficient proton transport properties under low humidity condition due to their amphoteric character.In this work, plasma polymers containing phosphonic acid groups have been successfully prepared using dimethyl allylphosphonate as a single precursor demonstrating the feasibility of plasma process for the manufacture of proton exchange membranes. Moreover, plasma polymers properties have been investigated as a function of the plasma conditions. The evolution of the films growth rate on three different supports as a function of the plasma discharge power is bimodal, with a maximum (close to 30 nm min-1 on Si) at 60 W. The chemical composition of plasma materials (investigated by FTIR, EDX and XPS) is quite homogeneous from the surface to the bulk; it is characterized by a wide variety of bond arrangements, in particular the presence of phosphonate and phosphonic acid groups which are above all concentrated in the plasma film synthesized at 60 W, characterized by the highest ion exchange capacity (4.65 meq g-1) and the highest proton conductivity (0.08 mS cm-1 at 90°C and 30% RH). TGA analysis has shown that phosphonic acid-based plasma polymers retain water and don't decompose up to 150 °C, which reveals a satisfying thermal stability for the fuel cell application. In terms of fuel retention, plasma films are intrinsically highly performing (methanol, ethanol and glycerol permeabilities being 40 to 235 lower than that of Nafion®211). The plasma films were deposited on fuel cell electrodes (E-TEK®) as binding agents. We have noticed that the phosphonic binder has a sufficient proton conductivity to allow proton transport at the electrode-membrane interface.A second part of this work concerns the surface treatment by plasma process of a conventional phosphonated membrane for improvement of thermal stability and fuel retention. TGA analysis has shown a slight improvement of the thermal stability for the treated membrane. Methanol and ethanol permeabilities tests show that the plasma-modified membrane is 2 to 4 times less permeable than the non-modified membrane. The treatment at 60 W shows the lowest fuel diffusion coefficients (DMeOH = 9.10-12 m2.s-1 and DEtOH = 6.10-12 m2.s-1). Fuel cell tests were realized showing better performance for the modified membrane compared to the non-modified one
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Tousch, Corentin. "Incorporation de nanotubes de carbone dans les couches d’oxyde formées par le procédé d’oxydation par plasma électrolytique de l’aluminium en vue d’élaborer des couches d’oxyde conductrices." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023LORR0282.

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Le procédé le plus courant pour améliorer les propriétés de surface de l'aluminium est le procédé d'anodisation en bain acide, permettant la formation d'une couche protectrice d'oxyde d'aluminium en surface. Cela confère une meilleure résistance à l'usure et à la corrosion grâce à la grande dureté et la stabilité chimique de l'alumine. En revanche, l'alumine est un excellent isolant électrique, augmentant considérablement la résistance de contact des pièces anodisées. Traditionnellement, un traitement électrolytique à base de nickel, cadmium et chrome est appliqué aux pièces nécessitant une bonne conductivité en surface. Cependant, l'électrolyte contient des métaux lourds et notamment du chrome hexavalent, substance cancérigène, mutagène et reprotoxique que l'agence européenne de la chimie compte interdire au sein de l'Union Européenne. Par conséquent, des traitements alternatifs sont recherchés, conduisant à l'oxydation par plasma électrolytique. Ce procédé de conversion électrochimique diffère de l'anodisation en bain acide par l'utilisation de forts courant/tensions et l'emploi d'électrolytes basiques faiblement concentrés. La couche d'oxyde résultante est poreuse, permettant l'incorporation de particules solides. Ces dernières sont dispersées dans l'électrolyte et progressivement incorporées dans la couche d'oxyde pendant sa croissance. Il est alors concevable d'incorporer des particules conductrices dans l'objectif de créer des chemins de percolation à travers la couche, formant une couche composite oxyde d'aluminium-particules qui protège l'aluminium sous-jacent tout en maintenant une faible résistance électrique. A cet effet, les nanotubes de carbone ont été choisis pour leur excellente conductivité électrique et leur géométrie favorable à la percolation. L'étude vise à incorporer des nanotubes de carbones dans la couche d'oxyde générée pendant le traitement par oxydation plasma électrolytique de l'aluminium en vue de produire des couches d'oxydes conductrices. Les investigations expérimentales établissent les connaissances fondamentales sur les mécanismes d'incorporation, l'impact des paramètres électriques de traitement, l'effet des nanotubes de carbone sur le procédé et sur les propriétés des couches, notamment le comportement électrique. Les résultats révèlent que les nanotubes de carbone accélèrent la croissance de la couche et augmentent la porosité de celle-ci. A forte concentration, les couches formées deviennent excessivement poreuses avec des défauts (fissures, délamination) qui fragilisent l'intégrité de la couche d'oxyde. Les nanotubes de carbone dans l'électrolyte et dans l'oxyde influencent considérablement le procédé. La transition vers le régime de micro-décharges « soft » intervient plus tôt avec des concentrations en nanotubes plus élevées. Des concentrations excessives de nanotubes de carbone inhibent le procédé, empêchant la formation de la couche d'oxyde. Les traitements en régime « d'arc » favorisent l'incorporation des nanotubes de carbone dans l'oxyde devant les traitements en régime « soft ». Bien que l'incorporation des nanotubes de carbone améliore significativement de la conductivité électrique des couches d'oxyde, le seuil de percolation n'est pas encore atteint, et les couches demeurent isolantes pour l'instant. Cependant, les résultats obtenus sont très prometteurs, encourageant le financement de recherches supplémentaires pour optimiser la conduction électrique des couches ainsi formées, en s'appuyant sur les découvertes ici rapportées<br>The most common method to enhance the surface properties of aluminum is acid-based anodization, forming a protective layer of aluminum oxide on the metal surfaces. This imparts improved wear and corrosion resistances due to alumina's high hardness and chemical stability. However, aluminum oxide is a strong electrical insulator, substantially increasing contact resistance in anodized components. Traditional electrolytic surface treatments involving nickel, cadmium, and chromium maintain electrical conductivity but involve heavy metal-containing electrolytes, including carcinogenic hexavalent chromium, a substance facing European Union import restrictions. Consequently, alternative treatments are sought, leading to electrolytic plasma oxidation. This electrochemical conversion process differs from acid anodization, using higher current/voltage and dilute basic electrolytes. The resulting oxide layer is porous, enabling the incorporation of solid particles. These particles are dispersed in the electrolyte and gradually incorporated within the growing oxide layer. By adding conductive particles it is conceivable to create percolation paths, forming a composite aluminum oxide-particle layer that protects the underlying aluminum while maintaining low electrical contact resistance.Carbon nanotubes were chosen for their excellent electrical conductivity and high form factor, enabling percolation at low volume concentration. The study aims at incorporating carbon nanotubes into the oxide layer generated during aluminum plasma electrolytic oxidation to produce conductive oxide layers. Experimental investigations establish fundamental insights into incorporation mechanisms, impact of electrical parameters, the influence of carbon nanotubes on the process, and coating properties, especially electrical behavior. Results reveal that carbon nanotubes accelerate layer growth and increase oxide coating porosity. High concentrations yield excessively porous layers with defects (cracks, delamination), compromising layer integrity. Carbon nanotubes in both the electrolyte and the growing oxide substantially affect the process. Transition to "soft" micro-discharge regime shifts earlier with higher nanotube concentrations under suitable electrical conditions. Excessive nanotube concentrations inhibit the process, preventing oxide layer formation. "Arc" regime treatments favor nanotube incorporation in the oxide compared to "soft" regime treatments. Although carbon nanotube incorporation significantly enhances oxide layer electrical conductivity, the percolation threshold isn't reached, and layers remain insulating for now. Despite this, the results are highly promising, prompting further research to optimize electrical conductivity in these composite coatings, building upon the findings reported here
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LAN, YEN-CHUN, and 藍彥鈞. "Effects of Heat Treatment of Barium Titanate Films by Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/jmdzry.

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碩士<br>國立聯合大學<br>機械工程學系碩士班<br>106<br>Barium titanate (BaTiO3) has been widely used in ceramic chip capacitor and multilayer ceramic capacitors (MLCCs) because of its high dielectric constant. In this study, the barium titanate thin films were prepared by plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO), and improved mechanical and dielectric property by heat treatment. In this study, titanium is one of the metals used as substrate. Barium titanate thin film was prepared by using a mixed solution of barium acetate (Ba(CH3COO)2) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) as an electrolytic solution at voltages 100V. After that, the films were heat treated at 200, 400, and 600 ° C, they turn about white. Finally, Analysis by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), Raman, film thickness, surface roughness, Micro Vickers Hardness, dielectric constant. I hope the films can be used for supercapacitors in the future.
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Wu, Yu-syuan, and 吳育瑄. "Mechanical Properties and Biological Performance of Titanium-Zirconium Films after Plasma-Electrolytic Oxidation Treatment." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/7mjky9.

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碩士<br>國立虎尾科技大學<br>機械與電腦輔助工程系碩士班<br>104<br>Titanium, titanium alloys and zirconium have been used as artificial joints and implants in clinic of orthopedic and dental because of their good properties of biocompatibility and mechanical performance. The present work is aimed to fabricate titanium (Ti) or zirconium (Zr) oxide films with porous structures onto Ti substrates by a plasma-electrolytic oxidation (PEO) procedure. Before the PEO treatment, a series of TiZr alloy films were deposited on polished pure Ti substrates using a cathodic arc deposition system with different deposition cathode current ratios of Ti/Zr. The post-PEO-treated surface layers were characterized for its composition, crystalline structure, bonding states, surface morphology, and wettability. The results showed that porous crystalline titanium and zirconium oxides were formed using the PEO treatment for the TiZr films. To evaluate the bioactivity, cell viability and gene expression of human osteosarcoma cell line (MG-63) on different TiZr oxide films were determined. The results of MTT tests showed that the higher cell viability of MG-63 was found in PEO-treated TiZr films higher than TiZr film. Gene expression data by RT-PCR and agarose gel electrophoresis showed that MG-63 cells exhibited notable osteogenic gene expression. The cell adhesion-related genes, such as fibronectin, collagen types I and III, and laminin. The TiZr film were also remarkably expressed in the gel imaging. It suggested that the PEO-treated TiZr films were suitable for bone tissue- derived cell growth and differentiation, while the TiZr films showed good cell growth of soft tissue cells. The design and fabrication of TiZr oxide films with specific composition and porous surface layer with and without PEO treatment may provide a better material environment for different cell bonding, living, and differentiation in dental and orthopedic implants.
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CHENG, CHIA-YI, and 鄭家宜. "Enhanced Performance of LiPON by Plasma Treatments for Solid Electrolyte Applications." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/2byz6k.

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碩士<br>國立高雄大學<br>化學工程及材料工程學系碩士班<br>105<br>In this work, LiPON thin films were deposited on Cu foil by rf magnetron sputtering from an Li3PO4 target in a pure N2 atmosphere. We fixed all parameters except N2 flow rate from 15sccm~40sccm. We modified the thin films by H2, Ar mix H2 plasma. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) was used to investigate the chemical bonding of thin films. We analyzed element distribution via secondary ion mass spectrometer(SIMS). The ionic conductivity of LiPON thin films was measured by impedance spectroscopy. To confirm electron contribution, we measured the I-t curve of LiPON thin film then calculated the electron conductivity. At last, we used cyclic voltammetry (CV) to analyze chemical stability of LiPON thin films. 　　Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) shows the deposited LiPON films are smooth and the interface between LiPON and Cu foil are rugged. The thickness is about 6~8μm. After plasma treatment, the thickness does not change. From XPS spectrum, the ratio of Nt/Nd and the amount of O2 (-O-) bonding increase obviously after plasma treatment. Depth analysis of SIMS spectrum shows that the thin film which was modified by H2 plasma has more H signal on surface. However, there is strong H signal at a depth of 500nm of thin film modified by H2 -Ar mixd plasma. This means that hydrogen is effectively doped into the material. 　　We can find the ion conductivity increase after plasma treatment. Especially, the thin film modified by mixed plasma its ion conductivity rise nearly ten times than origin. Mover, the electron conductivity of thin film before and after plasma treatment are very small, we can ignore the electron contribution to impedance of material. CV spectrum of LiPON thin film and modified thin film shows that there are no redox peak. This means that the material is very stable at this bias range.
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Chang, Shan Wei, and 張杉維. "The Study of Ti-doped CeO2 Sesning Membrane in Electrolyte-Insulator-Semiconductor with Plasma Treatment." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/36579668415288575192.

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Books on the topic "Plasma electrolytic treatment"

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Venkatesh, Bala, and Jeremy Cohen. Pathophysiology and management of adrenal disorders in the critically ill. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199600830.003.0261.

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The existence of the syndromes of relative adrenal insufficiency, or critical illness corticosteroid insufficiency, are debatable. In sepsis, there are alterations in plasma cortisol profiles, and corticotropin responsiveness with marked variability in responses between patients. It is probable that the spectrum of plasma and tissue glucocorticoid changes may represent a ‘sick euadrenal state’ analogous to the sick euthyroid state and may not reflect adrenocortical insufficiency. Treatment of acute adrenal crisis should not be delayed for the results of adrenal testing, and should consist of immediate supportive measures, fluid resuscitation, and high-dose intravenous glucocorticoid therapy. Admission to intensive care with a primary diagnosis of hyperadrenalism is uncommon. Patients usually present uncontrolled hypertension, electrolyte abnormalities or encephalopathy.
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Langer, Thomas, and Pietro Caironi. Pathophysiology and therapeutic strategy of respiratory alkalosis. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199600830.003.0114.

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Respiratory alkalosis is a condition characterized by low partial pressure of carbon dioxide and an associated elevation in arterial pH caused by an imbalance between CO2 production and removal, in favour of the latter. Conditions that cause increased alveolar ventilation, without having a reduction in pH as input stimulus, will cause hypocapnia associated with a variable degree of alkalosis. The major effect of hypocapnia is the increase in pH (alkalosis) and the consequent shift of electrolytes that occurs in relation to it. As a general law, in plasma, anions will increase, while cations will decrease. The acute reduction in ionized calcium, due to the change in extracellular pH, may cause neuromuscular symptoms ranging from paraesthesias, to tetany and seizures. The effect on urine is an increase in urinary strong ion difference/urinary anion gap and a consequent increase in urinary pH. Finally, acute hypocapnic alkalosis causes a constriction of cerebral arteries that can lead to a reduction of cerebral blood flow. The clinical approach to respiratory alkalosis is usually directed toward the diagnosis and treatment of the underlying clinical disorder.
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Book chapters on the topic "Plasma electrolytic treatment"

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Popov, Alexander I., Mikhail M. Radkevich, and Vasily G. Teplukhin. "Thinnest Finishing Treatment with a Focused Jet of Electrolytic Plasma." In Advances in Mechanical Engineering. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-39500-1_15.

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Popov, A. I., K. L. M. Diatu, D. N. Ivanov, S. A. Kislitsyn, A. A. Moskalets, and S. V. Belyakov. "Analysis of Changes in Surface Morphology After Jet Electrolytic-Plasma Treatment of SLM Materials." In Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-82083-0_28.

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Liang, J., M. A. Wahab, and S. M. Guo. "Corrosion Behavior of SS 304 with Ball Milling and Electrolytic Plasma Treatment in NaCl Solution." In Mechanics of Time-Dependent Materials and Processes in Conventional and Multifunctional Materials, Volume 3. Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-0213-8_11.

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Hahn, Robert G. "Fluid Physiology Part 2: Regulation of Body Fluids and the Distribution of Infusion Fluids." In Rational Use of Intravenous Fluids in Critically Ill Patients. Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-42205-8_3.

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AbstractThe regulation of body fluids and infusion fluid distribution is a critical aspect of intensive care management. In this chapter, we explore the various control systems that maintain fluid balance in the body, including the kidneys, nervous system, and hormones. We also discuss the impact of disease and medical treatments on these control systems and the resulting fluid derangements, such as hypovolemia, volume depletion, and dehydration. The use of infusion fluids to distribute into the different body fluid spaces is analyzed, including the plasma, extracellular fluid, and total body water. Hemodynamic responses and signs of organ dysfunction are the main clinical guides for fluid management, while electrolyte disturbances induced by disease and medication are also discussed. Volume kinetic analysis is utilized to compare the efficacy of crystalloid and colloid solutions, and the limitations of body fluid volume measurements are also examined. This chapter provides essential insights for intensivists and other medical professionals involved in the management of critically ill patients.
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Aringozhina, Zarina, Bauyrzhan Rakhadilov, Didar Yeskermessov, Yerkezhan Tabiyeva, and Waqar Ahmed. "Study of the Influence of Electrolytic-Plasma Treatment on the Tribological Properties of High-Speed Steel." In Innovations in Materials Chemistry, Physics, and Engineering Research. IGI Global, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-6684-6830-2.ch002.

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This chapter is devoted to experimental studies of changes in structural-phase blocks and tribological properties of combustion of layers of high-speed steels R6M5, R9, and R18 during electrolytic-plasma nitriding. Systematized experimental data on the effect of electrolytic-plasma nitriding on the structure, phase composition, and tribological properties of the surface layer of high-speed steels have been obtained. In addition, the patterns of formation of modified layers in high-speed steels during electrolytic-plasma nitriding, revealed in this work, can be used by researchers when choosing the modes of electrolytic-plasma treatment of alloyed steels, as well as when analyzing structural transformations of high-speed steels.
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Blawert, C., and P. Bala Srinivasan. "Plasma electrolytic oxidation treatment of magnesium alloys." In Surface Engineering of Light Alloys. Elsevier, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1533/9781845699451.2.155.

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Tabiyeva, Yerkezhan, Bauyrzhan Rakhadilov, Gulzhaz Uazyrkhanova, and Waqar Ahmed. "Surface Hardening on Wheel Steel Using Electrolytic Plasma." In Innovations in Materials Chemistry, Physics, and Engineering Research. IGI Global, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-6684-6830-2.ch005.

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Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) investigations of the structure and phase composition of ferritic-pearlitic wheel steel mark two surface after electrolyte-plasma surface hardening are presented. Initially the morphology of the steel matrix consists of lamellar perlite and non-fragmented and fragmented ferrite. Electrolytic plasma quenching of the steel surface results in the martensite transformation, steel self-tempering, and the formation of cementite particles in all martensite crystals. This treatment also leads to the diffusion transformation of gamma to alpha phases, the release of residual austenite along the low-temperature martensite laths and lamellas and in all crystals of lamellar martensite, the formation of М23С6 special carbides and, finally, to the enhancement of all parameters of the steel fine structure.
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Jiang, B. L., and Y. M. Wang. "Plasma electrolytic oxidation treatment of aluminium and titanium alloys." In Surface Engineering of Light Alloys. Elsevier, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1533/9781845699451.2.110.

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Aringozhina, Zarina, Bauyrzhan Rakhadilov, Didar Yeskermessov, Yerkezhan Tabiyeva, and Waqar Ahmed. "Electrolytic Plasma Treatment of Turkurite-Phase in High-Speed Steels." In Innovations in Materials Chemistry, Physics, and Engineering Research. IGI Global, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-6684-6830-2.ch006.

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Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), EBSD-analysis, and X-ray structure (XRD) analysis were used to investigate the microstructure, morphology, elemental composition, phase composition, and crystal structure of M2 high speed steel after standard thermal treatment. It has been shown that the microstructure of the M2 high speed steel after hardening and three-time tempering consists of tempered martensite and solid carbide M6C-type and MC spherical shape. The volume fraction of carbides and their distribution have been defined. The main carbides in the study of steel after heat treatment – M6C and MС carbides who have a complex FCC lattice and space group Fd3m, have been established by X-ray structural analysis. Carbides are homogeneous and single crystal. EBSD-analysis method with the support of X-ray structural analysis has established that the bright carbides spherical shape M6C correspond to the composition Fe3W3C, and grey carbides spherical shape MC correspond to the composition of the VC.
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Rees, Lesley, Nicholas J. A. Webb, Detlef Bockenhauer, and Marilynn G. Punaro. "Electrolyte and acid–base disorders." In Paediatric Nephrology. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198784272.003.0006.

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The kidneys are tasked with maintaining electrolyte and acid–base homeostasis. This means that the kidneys adjust urinary excretion, so that the concentrations of the various electrolytes in the plasma are maintained in the normal range. In this chapter, the various electrolyte and acid–base disorders are discussed with an emphasis on the underlying physiological principles. Recognition of these principles is critical, as correct identification of the underlying problem is key to adequate treatment.
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Conference papers on the topic "Plasma electrolytic treatment"

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Liang, Jiandong, Shengmin Guo, and Muhammad A. Wahab. "Localized surface modification on 1018 low carbon steel by electrolytic plasma process and its impact on corrosion behavior." In HT 2013, edited by B. Lynn Ferguson. ASM International, 2013. https://doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.ht2013p0197.

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Abstract Electrolytic plasma process (EPP) was applied on 1018 low carbon steel sample surfaces and tested in a 3.5% NaCl solution. The treatment details of the EPP were described and the test results indicate the improvement in corrosion rate and localized corrosion was due to the unique surface features resulting from the EPP treatment. The corrosion protections show a sustainable consistency for EPP treated samples in a 48 hour immersion test. SEM (with FIB) and XRD were used to characterize the surface features. Potential polarization, cyclic voltammetry were performed for corrosion evaluations.
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Clarke, Joe. "Localized Surface Modification of 1018 Low Carbon Steel by Electrolytic Plasma Processing and Its Impact on Corrosion Behavior." In HT 2013, edited by B. Lynn Ferguson. ASM International, 2013. https://doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.ht2013p0193.

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Abstract Electrolytic plasma processing (EPP) was applied to 1018 low-carbon steel surfaces, and the resulting corrosion resistance was evaluated in a 3.5% NaCl solution. The EPP treatment parameters are detailed, and the findings demonstrate improved corrosion rates and reduced localized corrosion, attributed to the unique surface characteristics imparted by the treatment. Consistent corrosion protection was observed in EPP-treated samples throughout a 48-hour immersion test. Surface features were characterized using scanning electron microscopy with focused ion beam and X-ray diffraction, while electrochemical techniques, including potential polarization and cyclic voltammetry, were employed for corrosion assessment.
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Eliezer, Amir, and Cyrille Gasqueres. "Bio-Functional High Performance Coatings of Titanium and Magnesium Alloys for Biomedical Applications." In CORROSION 2017. NACE International, 2017. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2017-09271.

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Abstract [Over the past few years, progress in orthopedic surgery has helped to improve the quality of life. Approximately 4.5 million procedures related to joint replacement and fracture repair are performed worldwide each year. However, serious complications still occur mostly due to implant loosening or infection. Surface treatments and coatings have been major research axes to address those problems. In this study, bio-active oxide coating containing silver particles on a titanium medical grade Ti-6Al-4V alloy and the development of a CaP bio-active oxide coating are reported. Both materials coatings were obtained by Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation (PEO). Corrosion of magnesium W4 alloy was investigated in vitro by electrochemical methods in solutions replicating the body's environment. In addition also gas formation of W4 was also quantified. In order to correlate in-vitro corrosion to in-vivo degradation animal studies were performed. A dedicated approach to identify and construct suitable traumatological implants made of magnesium was also undertaken and a suitable manufacturing process on an industrial scale was established. The results lead to the conclusion that in order to effectively tailor and control the biodegradation of titanium and magnesium implants, bio active PEO coatings are essential for biomedical implants.
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Kuzenkov, Sergey. "Fundamentals of Plasma-electrolytic Multifunctional Anode Treatment (MAT)." In 2021 3rd International Conference on Control Systems, Mathematical Modeling, Automation and Energy Efficiency (SUMMA). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/summa53307.2021.9632250.

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Sakhnenko, Mykola, Gulsara Zhamanbayeva, Tatyana Nenastina, Aiman Kemelzhanova, and Lyazzat Dalabay. "KINETIC REGULARITIES OF OBTAINING ELECTROLYTIC NANO-COATINGS AND COBALT COMPOSITES WITH REFRACTORY METALS." In 23rd SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference 2023. STEF92 Technology, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2023/6.1/s24.05.

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Electrodeposition of composite coatings based on cobalt alloys from citratepyrophosphate electrolytes is investigated. The features of the co-reduction of cobalt with refractory metals (Mo, W, Zr) directly from the electrolyte solution are due to the mutual influence of thermodynamic and kinetic characteristics of alloy-forming components. Modern electrochemical technologies for surface treatment of titanium alloys to create protective, antifriction, dielectric, and catalytically active materials are considered. The physicochemical fundamentals of the processes of plasma-electrolytic formation of conversion and composite electrolytic coatings are highlighted. Separate stages of electrode reactions, regularities of the influence of electrolyte components, and electrolysis parameters on the composition, structure, and morphology of synthesized materials are examined in detail. Considerable attention is paid to improving the synthesis of multicomponent alloys and composites based on cobalt from aggregative stable and stable electrolyte solutions, and flexible control of the composition and functional properties of materials is an urgent scientific and technical problem, the solution of which is the presented study.
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Pokhmurskii, V., G. Nykyforchyn, M. Student, et al. "Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation of Arc Sprayed Aluminium Coatings." In ITSC2007, edited by B. R. Marple, M. M. Hyland, Y. C. Lau, C. J. Li, R. S. Lima, and G. Montavon. ASM International, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.itsc2007p1029.

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Abstract Different post treatment methods such as heat treatment, mechanical processing, sealing, etc. are known to be capable to improve microstructure and exploitation properties of thermal spray coatings. In this work a plasma electrolytic oxidation of aluminium coatings obtained by arc spraying on aluminium and carbon steel substrates is carried out. Microstructure and properties of oxidised layers formed on sprayed coating as well as on bulk material are investigated. Oxidation is performed in electrolyte containing KOH and liquid glass under different process parameters. It is shown that thick uniform oxidised layers can be formed on arc sprayed aluminium coatings as well as on solid material. Distribution of alloying elements and phase composition of obtained layers are investigated. A significant improvement of wear resistance of treated layers in two types of abrasive wear conditions is observed.
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Zha, Wei, and Jimi Tjong. "Electrolytic Plasma Discharging Treatment of Cast Iron for Friction Reduction." In WCX World Congress Experience. SAE International, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2018-01-0834.

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Parfenov, E. V., R. R. Nevyantseva, and D. A. Sosnovsky. "Personal Computer Controlled Installation for Plasma Electrolytic Treatment Process Control." In 2005 International Conference Modern Technique and Technologies (MTT 2005). IEEE, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/spcmtt.2005.4493187.

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Nadaraia, Konstantine, Dmitry Mashtalyar, Igor Imshinetskiy, et al. "Ca\P-Containing Coatings Formed on Ti by Plasma Electrolytic Treatment." In 2023 IEEE Ural-Siberian Conference on Biomedical Engineering, Radioelectronics and Information Technology (USBEREIT). IEEE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/usbereit58508.2023.10158874.

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Kozlov, Eduard, Natalya Popova, Lyaila Zhurerova, Elena Nikonenko, Mark Kalashnikov, and Mazhin Skakov. "Structural and phase transformations in 0.3C-1Cr-1Mn-1Si-Fe steel after electrolytic plasma treatment." In ADVANCED MATERIALS WITH HIERARCHICAL STRUCTURE FOR NEW TECHNOLOGIES AND RELIABLE STRUCTURES 2016: Proceedings of the International Conference on Advanced Materials with Hierarchical Structure for New Technologies and Reliable Structures 2016. Author(s), 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4966405.

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