Relevant bibliographies by topics / Plasma gasification

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Plasma gasification'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 17 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Plasma gasification"

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Kalinenko, R. A., A. P. Kuznetsov, A. A. Levitsky, V. E. Messerle, Yu A. Mirokhin, L. S. Polak, Z. B. Sakipov, and A. B. Ustimenko. "Pulverized coal plasma gasification." Plasma Chemistry and Plasma Processing 13, no. 1 (March 1993): 141–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01447176.

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Baimuldin, R. V., and Z. Jankoski. "Plasma gasification of solid fuels." Recent Contributions to Physics 68, no. 1 (2019): 101–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.26577/rcph-2019-1-1125.

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Mączka, Tadeusz, Ewa Śliwka, and Mateusz Wnukowski. "PLASMA GASIFICATION OF WASTE PLASTICS." Journal of Ecological Engineering 14, no. 1 (January 15, 2013): 33–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/2081139x.1031534.

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Tavares, Jason Robert, Lakshminarayana Rao, Chawki Derboghossian, Pierre Carabin, Aïda Kaldas, Philippe Chevalier, and Gillian Holcroft. "Large-Scale Plasma Waste Gasification." IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science 39, no. 11 (November 2011): 2908–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tps.2011.2138723.

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Luche, J., Q. Falcoz, T. Bastien, J. P. Leninger, K. Arabi, O. Aubry, A. Khacef, J. M. Cormier, and J. Lédé. "Plasma Treatments and Biomass Gasification." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 29 (February 27, 2012): 012011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/29/1/012011.

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Şanlisoy, Aytaç, and Melda Ö. Çarpinlioğlu. "Microwave Plasma Gasification Performance of Sawdust." Academic Perspective Procedia 1, no. 1 (November 9, 2018): 1140–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.33793/acperpro.01.01.183.

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In this study, the gasification performance of the pine tree sawdust and hornbeam sawdust at varied air flow rate and microwave plasma power are investigated. In each case, 250g sawdust are dosed to gasification reactor. The effects of power and air flow rate on syngas composition and reactor temperature are studied. The sawdust contents are examined by ultimate and proximate analysis. The heating value of the fuels are measured as 21353 kJ/kg for hornbeam sawdust and 17942 kJ/kg for pine tree sawdust by bomb calorimeter. The syngas content is substantially proportional with the content of the fuel. The variation of local temperatures during the gasification is of great importance on the process. The temperature is increased by increasing the power and the conversion performance of sawdust is enhanced. Air flow rate has a reverse effect on both magnitude of the temperate and syngas yield. The temperature in gasifier increase %54 in case of 50 sL/min and approximately %80 in case of 100sL/min by increasing power from 3 kW to 6 kW. CO, CH4 and H2 conversion increase by increasing the power while CO2 conversion decreases by power. Unlike to the effect of power, increase of air flow rate from 50 to 100 sL/min enhances CO2 conversion, with a reduction in the conversions of CO, CH4 and H2.
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Choi, Sooseok. "Numerical Simulation of Thermal Plasma Gasification Process." Applied Mechanics and Materials 799-800 (October 2015): 90–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.799-800.90.

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Numerical analysis of plasma gasification process was carried out base on the combination of magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) and computational fluid dynamics (CFD). A two stage gasification system which consists of a heater and a plasma rector was used to enhance syngas production in the present work. Nitrogen thermal plasma jet generated by a low power plasma torch was analyzed by a self-developed MHD code, and complex thermal flow field in the plasma reactor was simulated with a commercial CFD code. The accuracy of numerical simulation was confirmed from the comparison between numerical results and experimentally measured data of arc voltage and reactor temperature. From the numerical analysis, a high temperature for the thermal cracking of methane was expected in the upper region of the plasma reactor.
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Janajreh, Isam, Syed Shabbar Raza, and Arnar Snaer Valmundsson. "Plasma gasification process: Modeling, simulation and comparison with conventional air gasification." Energy Conversion and Management 65 (January 2013): 801–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2012.03.010.

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Zhang, Qinglin, Liran Dor, Dikla Fenigshtein, Weihong Yang, and Wlodzmierz Blasiak. "Gasification of municipal solid waste in the Plasma Gasification Melting process." Applied Energy 90, no. 1 (February 2012): 106–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2011.01.041.

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Anshakov, A. S., A. I. Aliferov, and P. V. Domarov. "Features plasma gasification of organic waste." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 560 (July 10, 2019): 012057. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/560/1/012057.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Plasma gasification"

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Makaringe, Nkateko Petra. "Plasma gasification of organic waste." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/61310.

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Four biomass materials, namely peach pips, pine wood, bamboo and Napier grass, and one example of chemical waste, lithium hexafluorophosphate (LiPF6), were studied. The biomass types were selected because they were easily accessible locally. The LiPF6 waste is solidified in poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA). Gasification of this solid is of interest to industry. Prior to the gasification studies, TGA-FTRI analyses were conducted on the biomass samples. This was done to study their thermal behaviour under nitrogen as well as under oxygen. The results indicated that, in general, pyrolysis of biomass takes place in three stages, namely hydration, active pyrolysis, and passive pyrolysis. These stages occur at different temperatures depending on the type of biomass as well as the heating rate used. The conversion efficiency of these materials is increased under oxygen, due to the fact that combustion takes place in the presence of oxygen, either partially or fully, depending on the amount made available. TGA results obtained under nitrogen were used to compute the kinetic parameters of each biomass material. Because their fluffy nature led to feed problems, bamboo and Napier grass were excluded from the plasma gasification experiments. Results obtained during the gasification of peach pips and pine wood indicated that conversion efficiency slightly increases with an increase in temperature. Feed rate seemed to have minimal effect on both conversion efficiency and gas concentration; the energy conversion efficiency did, however, improve. The conversion efficiencies obtained by TGA and by the plasma system, were roughly similar. Due to the higher temperatures, ~ 1000 °C, of the plasma reactor, the gaseous products obtained were predominantly carbon monoxide and hydrogen. On the other hand, carbon dioxide predominated in the TGA-FTIR experiments. Only a slight trace of monoxide was observed. Plasma treatment of PMMA encapsulated waste LiPF6 also yielded carbon monoxide and hydrogen as main products. The energy conversion efficiency observed for the plasma process was 30 40 %. This value is ratio of the combustion enthalpy of syngas yield and the electrical energy input into the plasma torch. The main heat loss was via the torch anode. This may be corrected by an improved thermo-mechanical design.
Dissertation (MSc)--University of Pretoria, 2017.
Chemical Engineering
MSc
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Boon, Hau Tan. "Process Simulation of Plasma Gasification for Landfill Waste." Thesis, KTH, Materialvetenskap, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-229804.

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The growing amount of landfill waste within the EU could pose a problem in the future should there not be any effective treatment methods. This study aims to investigate the performance of landfill waste in a plasma gasification process by simulating the process in ASPEN Plus. The investigation is focused on the energy recovery potential of RDF based on composition and heating value of syngas, and cold gas efficiency (CGE). The plasma gasification system consists of a shaft gasifier and a separate tar cracking reactor where high temperature plasma is used for conversion of tar compounds considered in the model, which are toluene and naphthalene. In addition, the model is divided into five sections, namely drying, pyrolysis, char gasification, melting and tar cracking. Mass and energy balance of the system was performed to better understand the system. The results show that the plasma gasification system was able to produce a syngas with a LHV of 4.66 MJ/Nm3 while improving syngas yield by attaining a higher content of hydrogen. Thus, the plasma tar cracking of tar compounds can achieve a clean syngas and improve syngas yield. Parameter study on effect of ER show that syngas has higher heating value and CGE at lower ER. On the other hand, preheated air can help recover energy from the system while lowering the ER required for the char gasification process to meet the heat demand from partial combustion. The findings implied that landfill waste has energy potential by using a suitable treatment process such as plasma gasification.
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Lundegård, Erik. "Energy recovery – Gasification, combustion or plasma? : Competitor or complement?" Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för tillämpad fysik och elektronik, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-152102.

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Abstract Energy recovery – Gasification, combustion or plasma? -          Competitor or complement? The Swedish waste-to-energy system has been developed during many years, and the facilities are well established within the waste management system. Even though the waste volume is significantly reduced by 70 – 80 %, the residues are quite challenging to manage due to high content of pollutants. The air emissions are quite low today, but since waste contains various kinds of contaminants, there is a high need for extensive flue gas cleaning, adding to the residue that must be handled. Today, the main part of residues from flue gas cleaning and fly ash from Swedish waste-to-energy facilities are transported to Langöya, Norway to be used for remedial purposes of an old limestone quarry. However, this option will probably be phased out sometime after the year 2023 – 2025 and other solutions must be considered such as e.g. gasification.   The Plagazi Company has a patented process, including gasification and subsequent production of hydrogen gas, that may be used as a vehicle fuel. Although gasification is a well-known technique, there is still a great distrust in using the method for waste treatment purposes. There is a conception that gasification facilities are high energy consumers, with low operational performance and high investment costs. The present thesis is part of the B.Sc. Programme in Energy Engineering at the University of Umeå. The main thesis objectives are:   Study and explain significant differences and similarities between waste incineration and gasification; Describe pros-and-cons regarding various methods to produce hydrogen gas; Describe different gasification techniques. In addition, the Plagazi-process is described; local plasma gasification with low environmental impact and a second step including production of hydrogen gas. The present study is based on a literature review and interviews with experts in the field. The report excludes biogas production in anaerobic digestion plants.   The present report has proven that there are significant differences between various gasification devices. When making investment decisions regarding gasification as a waste treatment option; fuel quality and utilization of the syngas must be considered. The method developed by Plagazi may be suitable in the Swedish waste management system to treat household waste and/or flue gas residues from the combustion plants, for production of hydrogen gas as a vehicle fuel. A full-scale facility in operation is needed to evaluate the Plagazi process with respect to cost efficiency and performance. The Plagazi concept should not be viewed as a competitor to the profitable waste incineration plants, more preferably as a complement.
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Karunamoothei, V. "Restaurant food waste management using microwave plasma gasification technology." Thesis, Liverpool John Moores University, 2018. http://researchonline.ljmu.ac.uk/8723/.

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The novelty of this research is that it investigates an on-site solution for the treatment of restaurant waste using a microwave generated plasma for pyrolysis and gasification. The developed system has been used to treat waste from a city centre fast food restaurant. The system was designed with the aim of reducing the amount of waste being sent to landfill by approximately 94%. The waste is mostly food based but also includes paper waste such as napkins. It was separated into three categories: mixed food, paper and fries. Samples of the mixed food and paper waste were analysed for chemical composition and calorific value. A 2.45GHz magnetron was used to supply 1kW of microwave power to a plasma cavity that had an argon flow rate of 1.5 litre per minute. The design of the microwave plasma cavity was performed using the simulation software, COMSOL. The cavity consists of a tapered waveguide section that is shorted at one end to produce a stationary wave with a large electric field at the gas nozzle. The field is strong enough to produce a self-striking argon plasma when the power is applied. Nitrogen was used to keep the plasma cavity clear of smoke, vapours and other hot gas. The best nitrogen flow rates were found to be around 2 litres/minute, although 5 litres/minute was used in the test to avoid the CO sensor saturating. The combination of the argon and nitrogen was used to purge the gasifier of oxygen. The pressure inside the gasifier was held at 200mbar during the experiments. The resulting plasma jet was used to produce syngas from the waste samples inside a thermally insulated, steel-walled reactor. Temperature profiles were recorded to find the best gas flow rates. 10g samples of the three waste categories were tested in triplicate and the results are presented. Syngas production was recorded using a Quintox gas analyser that measured CO, CO2 and O2. The data was captured every 10s during testing using a PC running a custom-built LabVIEW program. This program was also used to set the microwave output power and record the reflected power and temperatures using National Instruments cDAQ modules with analogue to digital converters. The CO and H2 in syngas can be used as a fuel to offset the cost of running the plasma jet. The results reveal that it is possible to generate the syngas using waste food materials. This study has included an investigation of some of the parameters, including power and flow rates of argon and nitrogen, on the plasma created. Others effects were taken into consideration throughout the research such as the study of the sample moisture levels and the final reduction of mass after the experiment. The ashes produced by the tests were investigated using SEM/EDX analysis. These results are also presented and analysed.
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Serage, Noah Magonagone. "Plasma gasification for converting municipal solid waste to energy." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/20266.

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In South Africa most of the municipal solid waste is currently removed and taken to land fill sites for engraving. A very small percentage of this is recycled due to lack of exploration of alternative means of further processing. In 2011 approximately 108 million tonnes of waste, mostly being general waste was generated in South Africa. Ninety eight (98) million tonnes of this waste was disposed of at landfill sites (The Department of Environmental Affairs [DEA], 2012). Environmental engineers are finding municipal solid waste management to be a challenge, similarly do the city planners and local administration. The main reason being the difficulty brought about by the complexity in composition of the waste material, no availability of waste minimization technologies and the scarcity of land for landfill sites and their environmental impact (Lal & Singh, 2012). Anyaegbunam (2013) recommend that there is a disposal technique that can convert most of the landfill waste at reduced amount of money to what is being paid on other disposal techniques nowadays, regardless of its form or composition and produce an excess of clean energy, and that technique is called Plasma Gasification which carries a high capability of being economically efficient. According to Young (2010), plasma arc Gasification is a high-temperature pyrolysis process whereby the organics of waste solids (carbon-based materials) are converted into syngas. The syngas can also be sent to gas turbines or reciprocating engines to produce electricity. Few of these plants exist in the world, however there is none in South Africa due to municipal budgetary constraints and lack of evidence for return on investment. Gasification can be described as a thermo-chemical process wherein carbonaceous or carbon-rich feed stocks, for instance tree trimmings or biomass, coal, and petro-coke are transformed into a complex gas containing hydrogen and carbon monoxide (and smaller quantities of carbon dioxide and other trace gases) under high pressure, oxygen exhausted, strong heat and/or steam environments (SRS Energy Solutions, 2016) The problem of electricity shortages continues to increase and communities are unable to cope with the continuous rising electricity bills. It is forecast that electricity demand will grow by approximately 85% and thereby reaching 31 700TWH (terawatt hours) in the year 2035. This growth rate is anticipated at an annual rate of 2.4% of which the economic and population growth will be the driving force, while on the other hand the daily increase of waste at landfill sites poses many problems with regards to the lifespan of the landfill in case green technological disposal processes are not introduced.
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Maseko, Keabetswe. "Plasma biomass gasification in a 15 kW pilot facility." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/79279.

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Plasma gasification experiments were conducted on sucrose and crushed macadamia nutshells. The pilot-scale plasma gasification system used comprises a 15 kW DC plasma torch fitted to a 5 L gasification reactor. The DC plasma torch has an efficiency of ~30 % with most of the energy lost in the torch anode. For the macadamia nutshells, the plasma input-power was set at 9, 11 and 14 kW. At each power input setting, four different feed rates were investigated, namely 0.5, 0.7, 1.04 and 1.14 kg/h. It was observed that as the power increases, conversion increases from 48 % at 9 kW to higher than 80 % at 14 kW. It was also observed that higher mass feed rates increase the conversion. The lower heating values of the syngas produced during gasification increased with higher power inputs and higher feed rates. At a feed rate of 1 kg/h, the maximum calorific power value was 3.45 kW, at a torch setting of 14 kW. The highest power values obtained was slightly more than 4 kW. The effect of equivalence ratio (ER) was evaluated on the plasma gasification of sucrose. ER values of 1 and 2 were investigated. With an ER of 1, the CO/H2 ratio was 1.8 and the CO/CO2 ratio was 109. With an ER of 2, the CO/H2 ratio was 1.73, and the CO/CO2 ratio 18. As expected, an increase in ER enhances the formation of CO2. A low ER thus results in higher syngas quality. At equivalent conditions the homogenous, crystalline sucrose yielded a CO/CO2 ratio of 109, significantly higher than the 29 for plasma gasification of the macadamia nut shells. A contributing factor to having better quality syngas, was the smaller the average particle diameter of the sucrose, 0.4 mm, compared to the 10 mm of the crushed macadamia nut shells was. Another contributing factor could be that the available carbon in the macadamia nut shells structure are more strongly bonded than in sucrose. For additional insight, kinetic data for the pyrolysis of sucrose, fructose and glucose were obtained using a TGA-FTIR hyphenated system, at much lower heating rates than anticipated in plasma system, and TGA-DTG experiments on macadamia nut shells. Dynamic studies were performed on sucrose, fructose and glucose at heating rates of 5, 10, 15, 20 and 50 °C/min in an atmosphere of nitrogen flowing at 50 mL/min, and for the macadamia shell at heating rates of 5, 10 and 20 °C/min in an atmosphere of nitrogen flowing at 50 mL/min. The sugars yielded 80 % to 85 % conversion into gaseous products, while the conversion of the shells approached 90 %; the residue was biochar. The FTIR spectra showed the major products that form from the pyrolysis of sugars to be CO2, H2O, along with large quantities C-H-O-containing compounds, amongst them C5H4O2 and C6H6O3. The latter two compounds are probably condensible.
Dissertation (MEng)--University of Pretoria, 2020.
Chemical Engineering
MEng
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Kabalan, Belal. "Design, implementation and control of microwave plasma gasification system for syngas production." Thesis, Liverpool John Moores University, 2012. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.589784.

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This thesis provides a solution for sustainable energy production. It applies the newest technologies of microwave plasma on a traditional method known as gasification. The simulation of this system has been achieved through a high frequency structure simulator to decide the best design of the structure. Microwave radiation at the frequency of 2.45 GHz has been applied to ionise argon gas and convert it into plasma. It has been proven that plasma can be self-initiated with an appropriate electric field applied. This microwave-induced plasma is the heart and soul of the Liverpool John Moores University's gasification system. It is coupled to a gasification chamber to gasify the feedstock placed inside and extract its energy as synthesis gas (i.e. hydrogen and carbon monoxide). Feedstock used in this study is carbon based material including pieces of wood and palm date seeds. This work is novel as no other work upto the date of this thesis completion has studied the different variables affecting plasma creation, plus the automation and the fully control of the microwave plama gasification system. Results reveal that after improvement of the microwave-induced plasma by automated control, it was possible to increase the synthesis gas production to 25.7% hydrogen and more than 57.6% carbon monoxide. This study has included the effects of some parameters on the plasma created, thus on its efficiency. These parameters are; the power of the microwave radiation, the reflected power from the system, the flow rate of argon and the pressure inside the gasification chamber. Other effects were taken into consideration throughout the project such as the study of the sample's moisture levels on the gas production and the use of helium gas instead of argon for plasma creation. The system has proved the benefits of applying microwave-induced plasma technology on the gasification technology. These benefits can be summarised as the reduction of the input power needed for the procedure from the range of megawatts to 1 kilowatt, and the flexibility achieved through controlling the plasma jet for an improved process.
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Liu, S. "Plasma gas cleaning processes for the conversion of model tar from biomass gasification." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2018. http://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/3021510/.

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Occhinero, Marco. "Hydrogen production from automotive waste via integrated plasma gasification and water gas shift." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för industriell teknik och management (ITM), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-262216.

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The growing amount of landfilled waste could pose a problem in many parts of the world due to the scarcity of landfilling space and environmental threats. In particular, automotive shredder residue (ASR) waste, a by-product of the dismantling of End of Life Vehicles (ELVs), has been proven to represent an issue in particular in the EU, where countries are struggling to compel to the directives that regulate this type of waste. At the same time, interest for hydrogen production methods is growing in the industries due to the advancement in fuel-cell technology for transportation and for power production. This study aims to investigate the performance of an integrated plasma gasification-hydrogen production system powered by ASR waste through the simulation of the process in ASPEN Plus. The investigation is focused on the potential for hydrogen production from ASR waste in terms of energy efficiency and quantity of hydrogen produced. The integrated system consists of an updraft plasma gasifier to generate clean syngas with high hydrogen content, a water gas shift reactor to furtherly enrich the gas of hydrogen content and a PSA unit to extract the hydrogen from the gas stream. The plasma gasification section of the model has been divided into four sub-systems that are drying, pyrolysis, char combustion and gasification, and melting. These four sub-systems are used to model the plasma gasification using the equilibrium method. On the other hand, the water gas shift reactor and the PSA unit have been modeled around experimental data. A Mass and Energy balance has been produced to understand the mass and energy flows within the system. The results show that the system is able to produce 238,5 kg/h of pure hydrogen from a feedstock of 2231 kg/h of ASR waste mixed with 89,2 kg/h of coke and 30 kg/h of limestone, achieving a 48% energy efficiency. Thus, the integrated system can achieve the production of pure hydrogen. The parameter study on the ER shows that hydrogen production and energy efficiency are higher at lower ER. On the other hand, increasing the SBR, while increasing the hydrogen content in the syngas, does not lead to higher hydrogen production at the system's output, causing a detrimental effect on energy efficiency. The findings of the study imply that ASR waste has the potential for hydrogen production when using a suitable treatment process.
Den växande mängden avfall kan bli ett problem i många delar av världen på grund av brist på deponeringsutrymme och miljöproblem. I synnerhet har avfall från fordonsslipningsrester (ASR), en biprodukt från nedmontering av fordon (ELV), visat sig utgöra ett problem i EU, där länderna kämpar för att tvinga sig till de direktiv som reglerar denna typ av avfall. Samtidigt ökar intresset för väteproduktionsmetoder inom industrin på grund av framstegen inom bränslecellsteknologi för transport och för kraftproduktion. Syftet med denna studie är att utvärdera prestandan hos ett integrerat plasmaförgasningväteproduktionssystem drivet av ASR-avfall genom simulering av processen i ASPEN Plus. Undersökningen fokuserar på potentialen för väteproduktion från ASR-avfall när det gäller energieffektivitet och mängd väte som produceras. Det integrerade systemet består av en uppdaterad plasmaförgasare för att skapa ren syntesgas med högt väteinnehåll, en water gas shift reaktor för att ytterligare berika gasen med väteinnehåll och en PSA-enhet för att utvinna väte från gasströmmen. Plasmaförgasningsdelen i modellen har delats upp i fyra undersystem som är torkning, pyrolys, kolförbränning och förgasning, och smältning. Dessa fyra undersystem används för att modellera plasmaförgasningen med hjälp av equilibrium metoden. Å andra sidan har water gas shift reaktorn och PSA-enheten modellerats kring experimentella data. En mass- och energibalans har producerats för att förstå mass- och energi-flödena i systemet. Resultaten visar att systemet kan producera 238,5 kg / h rent väte från ett råmaterial på 2231 kg / h ASR-avfall blandat med 89,2 kg / h koks och 30 kg / h kalksten, vilket uppnår en 48% energieffektivitet. Således kan det integrerade systemet uppnå produktionen av rent väte. Parameterstudien på ER visar att väteproduktion och energieffektivitet är högre vid lägre ER. Å andra sidan leder ökning av SBR, samtidigt som man ökar väteinnehållet i syntesgas, inte till högre väteproduktion vid systemets output, vilket orsakar en skadlig effekt på energieffektiviteten. Resultaten av studien antyder att ASR-avfall har potential för väteproduktion när man använder en lämplig behandlingsprocess.
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Dai, Siyang. "OPTIMIZED WTE CONVERSION OF MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE IN SHANGHAI APPLYING THERMOCHEMICAL TECHNOLOGIES." Thesis, KTH, Industriell ekologi, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-187372.

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Thermochemical technologies have been proven effective in treating municipal solid waste (MSW) for many years. China, with a rapid increase of MSW, plans to implement more environmental friendly ways to treat MSW than landfill, which treats about 79 % of total MSW currently. The aim of this master thesis was to find out a suitable thermochemical technology to treat MSW in Shanghai, China. Several different thermochemical technologies are compared in this thesis and plasma gasification was selected for a case study in Shanghai. A model of the plasma gasification plant was created and analysed. Other processes in the plant including MSW pre-treating and gas cleaning are also proposed. By calculating the energy balance, it is demonstrated that plasma treatment of 1000 ton/day MSW with 70 % moisture reaches an efficiency of 33.5 % when producing electricity, which is higher than an incineration WtE plant (27 % maximum) and a gasification WtE plant (30 % maximum). Besides of the efficiency comparison, costs and environmental impacts of different technologies are also compared in this paper. The result indicated that given the characteristics and management situation of MSW in Shanghai, plasma gasification is a better choice to treat MSW in Shanghai.
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Books on the topic "Plasma gasification"

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(Firm), R. W. Beck. City of Honolulu review of plasma arc gasification and vitrification technology for waste disposal: Final report. Honolulu]: R.W. Beck, 2003.

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Fedorovich, Zhukov Mikhail, and Troit͡s︡kiĭ V. N, eds. Plazmokhimicheskai͡a︡ pererabotka ugli͡a︡. Moskva: "Nauka", 1990.

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M, Kaganovich B., and Sibirskiĭ ėnergeticheskiĭ institut, eds. Tekhniko-ėkonomicheskie ot͡s︡enki plazmokhimicheskikh prot͡s︡essov pererabotki ugleĭ i uglevodorodov. Irkutsk: Akademii͡a︡ nauk SSSR, Sibirskoe otd-nie, Sibirskiĭ energeticheskiĭ in-t, 1989.

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(Canada), Bioenergy Development Program, ed. Economic feasibility of wood gasification using a plasma pyrolysis reactor =: La faisabilité économique de la gazéification du bois à l'aide d'un réacteur de pyrolyse utilisant du plasma. Point Claire, P.Q: Pulp and Paper Research Institute of Canada, 1985.

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Materazzi, Massimiliano. Clean Energy from Waste: Fundamental Investigations on Ashes and Tar Behaviours in a Two Stage Fluid Bed-Plasma Process for Waste Gasification. Springer, 2018.

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Materazzi, Massimiliano. Clean Energy from Waste: Fundamental Investigations on Ashes and Tar Behaviours in a Two Stage Fluid Bed-Plasma Process for Waste Gasification. Springer, 2016.

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Book chapters on the topic "Plasma gasification"

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Huang, Qunxing, Xu Cai, Moussa-Mallave Alhadj-Mallah, Jun Wang, Feiyan Mao, and Xu Han. "Innovative Technologies: Plasma Arch Gasification." In Sustainable Solid Waste Management, 293–317. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784414101.ch11.

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Bhui, Barnali, and Prabu Vairakannu. "Chemical Looping and Plasma Technologies for Gasification of Coal and Biomass." In Coal and Biomass Gasification, 499–520. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-7335-9_20.

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Rutberg, Philip G., Vadim A. Kuznetsov, Victor E. Popov, Alexander N. Bratsev, Sergey D. Popov, and Alexander V. Surov. "Improvements of Biomass Gasification Process by Plasma Technologies." In Pretreatment Techniques for Biofuels and Biorefineries, 261–87. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-32735-3_12.

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Huczko, Andrzej, and Maciej Sioda. "Plasma Gasification of Surrogate and Real Waste Plastics." In Thermal Solid Waste Utilisation in Regular and Industrial Facilities, 155–65. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-4213-1_15.

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Topal, Hüseyin. "Energy Production from Municipal Solid Waste Using Plasma Gasification." In Progress in Exergy, Energy, and the Environment, 857–65. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-04681-5_82.

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Achinas, Spyridon. "An Overview of the Technological Applicability of Plasma Gasification Process." In Contemporary Environmental Issues and Challenges in Era of Climate Change, 261–75. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-32-9595-7_15.

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Materazzi, Massimiliano. "Tar Evolution in the Two Stage Fluid Bed-Plasma Gasification Process." In Springer Theses, 161–90. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-46870-9_6.

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Singh, Monika, Rishabh Arora, Anubhav Ojha, Durgesh Sharma, and Sumit Gupta. "Solid Waste Management Through Plasma Arc Gasification in Delhi: A Step Towards Swachh Bharat." In Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering, 431–40. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-6412-9_42.

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Das, Saikat, Abhijit Hazra, and Priyabrata Banerjee. "PCDD/PCDFs: A Burden from Hospital Waste Disposal Plant; Plasma Arc Gasification Is the Ultimate Solution for Its Mitigation." In Energy Recovery Processes from Wastes, 9–21. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-32-9228-4_2.

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Rohit, Rajneesh Kaushal, and Amit Kumar Dhaka. "Application of Plasma Gasification Technology in Handling Medical Waste as an Approach to Handle the Waste Generated by COVID-19 Pandemic." In Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, 183–97. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-1186-5_15.

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Conference papers on the topic "Plasma gasification"

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Messerle, Vladimir E., Alfred L. Mosse, Georg Paskalov, and Alexandr B. Ustimenko. "Plasma Gasification Of Biomedical Waste." In 2017 IEEE International Conference on Plasma Science (ICOPS). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/plasma.2017.8496382.

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Dighe, Shyam V. "Plasma Gasification: A Proven Technology." In 16th Annual North American Waste-to-Energy Conference. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/nawtec16-1938.

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Plasma gasification is an efficient and environmentally responsible form of thermal treatment of wastes. In the plasma gasification process, extremely high temperature gases are used to break down the molecular structure of complex carboncontaining materials — such as municipal solid waste (MSW), tires, hazardous waste and sewage sludge — and convert them into synthesis gas (syngas) containing hydrogen and carbon monoxide that can be used to generate power or other sustainable sources of energy. Gasification occurs in an oxygen starved environment so the waste is gasified, not incinerated.
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Silva Paulino, Regina Franciélle, Omar Llerena, Luciana Araújo, Alexei Essiptchouk, and José Luz Silveira. "TECHNICAL STUDIES OF BIOMEDICAL WASTE PLASMA GASIFICATION." In 18th Brazilian Congress of Thermal Sciences and Engineering. ABCM, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.26678/abcm.encit2020.cit20-0657.

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Ramos, Ana, and Abel Rouboa. "A techno-economic approach to plasma gasification." In TECHNOLOGIES AND MATERIALS FOR RENEWABLE ENERGY, ENVIRONMENT AND SUSTAINABILITY: TMREES18. Author(s), 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5039225.

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Valmundsson, Arnar S., and Isam Janajreh. "Plasma Gasification Process Modeling and Energy Recovery From Solid Waste." In ASME 2011 5th International Conference on Energy Sustainability. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2011-54284.

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In recent studies, plasma gasification has shown great potential as an effective method for solid waste treatment and energy recovery. In this study, a plasma gasification process is simulated based on a chemical equilibrium model developed in Aspen Plus. The model takes into account the properties of different feedstock, used for gasification, and the input plasma energy and evaluates the output syngas composition following a Gibbs free energy minimization approach. The model is used to evaluate plasma gasification of three types of feedstock i.e. industrial waste (shredded tires), construction waste (plywood), and baseline bituminous coal. The process is optimized for two different types of plasma gas: air and steam. Process metrics are evaluated and compared for the considered feedstock. Results showed an obtained plasma gasification efficiency of 46.4% for shredded tires and 41.1% for plywood and bituminous coal. Energy recovery potential is also evaluated using an integrated plasma gasification combined cycle (IPGCC) power plant model. Thermal efficiencies of the process are evaluated and compared for the different feedstock. Plasma gasification of waste tire material resulted in an energy efficiency of 28.5%, while the efficiency for coal and plywood was lower at 20.0% and 18.3%, respectively.
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Walt, I. J. v. d., and N. P. Makaringe. "Optimization of a laboratory scale biomass plasma gasification reactor." In 2015 IEEE International Conference on Plasma Sciences (ICOPS). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/plasma.2015.7179797.

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Willis, Ken P., Shinichi Osada, and Kevin L. Willerton. "Plasma Gasification: Lessons Learned at Eco-Valley WTE Facility." In 18th Annual North American Waste-to-Energy Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/nawtec18-3515.

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In 2003 Eco-Valley became one of the first waste-to-energy facilities in the world to utilize Plasma Gasification technology on a commercial basis. Eco-Valley is located in Japan and has been successfully processing MSW with plasma for over seven years. The facility processes up to 220 tonnes-per day of MSW or up to 165 tonnes per day of a 50/50 mixture of MSW and auto shredder residue. The technology used at Eco-Valley is a result of a successful collaboration between Westinghouse Plasma Corp. and Hitachi Metals. With a first of kind facility like Eco-Valley, several operational challenges had to be overcome during and after commissioning. The objective of this paper is to share these operational experiences and learnings.
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Messerle, V. E., A. B. Ustimenko, and O. A. Lavrichshev. "Plasma-Fuel Systems for Fuel Preparation, Ignition, Combustion and Gasification." In ASME 2014 Gas Turbine India Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gtindia2014-8124.

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A review of the developed plasmachemical technologies of pyrolysis, hydrogenation, thermochemical treatment for combustion, gasification, radiation-plasma, and complex conversion of solid fuels, including uranium-containing slate coal, and cracking of hydrocarbon gases, is presented. The use of these technologies for obtaining target products (hydrogen, carbon black, hydrocarbon gases, synthetic gas, and valuable components of the coal mineral mass) meet the modern experimental and economic requirements to the power sector, metallurgy and chemical industry. Plasma coal conversion technologies are characterized by a small time of reagents retention in the reactor and a high rate of the original substances conversion to the target products without catalysts. Thermochemical treatment of fuel for combustion is performed in a plasma fuel system, representing a reaction chamber with a plasmatron, while other plasma fuel conversion technologies are performed in a combined plasmachemical reactor of 100 kW nominal power, in which the area of heat release from the electric arc is combined with the area of chemical reactions.
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Messerle, V. E., A. B. Ustimenko, N. A. Slavinskaya, and U. Riedel. "Influence of Coal Rank on the Process of Plasma Aided Gasification." In ASME Turbo Expo 2012: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2012-68701.

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This paper describes numerical and experimental investigations of coal gasification in a combined arc-plasma entrained flow gasifier. The experimental installation is intended to operate in the electric power range of 30–100 kW, mass averaged temperature 1800–4000 K, coal dust consumption 3–10 kg·h−1 and gas-oxidant flow 0.5–15 kg·h−1. The numerical experiments were conducted using the PLASMA-COAL computer code. It was designed for computation of the processes in plasma gasifiers. This code is based on a one-dimensional model, which describes the two-phase chemically reacting flow with an internal plasma source. The thermo-chemical conversion of the oxidizer-coal mixture is described through formation of primary volatile products, their conversion in the gas phase and the coke residue gasification reactions. Kazakhstan Ekibastuz bituminous coal of 40% ash content, Germany Saarland bituminous coal of 10.5% ash content and 14% ash content bituminous coal from the Middleburg opencast mines, South Africa, were used for the investigation. Performed investigations demonstrate that regardless of the coal quality the plasma assisted coal gasification allows obtaining a pure synthesis gas at a ratio of H2:CO≥1.
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Bratsev, A. N., V. E. Popov, V. B. Kovshechnikov, V. E. Kuznetsov, I. I. Kumkova, A. A. Ufimtsev, and S. V. Shtengel. "Distinctive Features of Biomass Gasification using AC Plasma Generators Working on Air." In 2007 IEEE Pulsed Power Plasma Science Conference. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ppps.2007.4346050.

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Reports on the topic "Plasma gasification"

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Jeffers, Ken, and Jay Renew. Final Technical Report: Plasma Arc Gasification Based Rare Earth Element Recovery from Coal Fly Ash. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1440911.

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Yost, Matthew R. Analytic Hierarchy and Economic Analysis of a Plasma Gasification System for Naval Air Station Oceana-Dam Neck. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, August 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada611071.

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