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Journal articles on the topic 'Plasma gasification'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 17 February 2022

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1

Kalinenko, R. A., A. P. Kuznetsov, A. A. Levitsky, V. E. Messerle, Yu A. Mirokhin, L. S. Polak, Z. B. Sakipov, and A. B. Ustimenko. "Pulverized coal plasma gasification." Plasma Chemistry and Plasma Processing 13, no. 1 (March 1993): 141–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01447176.

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2

Baimuldin, R. V., and Z. Jankoski. "Plasma gasification of solid fuels." Recent Contributions to Physics 68, no. 1 (2019): 101–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.26577/rcph-2019-1-1125.

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3

Mączka, Tadeusz, Ewa Śliwka, and Mateusz Wnukowski. "PLASMA GASIFICATION OF WASTE PLASTICS." Journal of Ecological Engineering 14, no. 1 (January 15, 2013): 33–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/2081139x.1031534.

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4

Tavares, Jason Robert, Lakshminarayana Rao, Chawki Derboghossian, Pierre Carabin, Aïda Kaldas, Philippe Chevalier, and Gillian Holcroft. "Large-Scale Plasma Waste Gasification." IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science 39, no. 11 (November 2011): 2908–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tps.2011.2138723.

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5

Luche, J., Q. Falcoz, T. Bastien, J. P. Leninger, K. Arabi, O. Aubry, A. Khacef, J. M. Cormier, and J. Lédé. "Plasma Treatments and Biomass Gasification." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 29 (February 27, 2012): 012011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/29/1/012011.

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6

Şanlisoy, Aytaç, and Melda Ö. Çarpinlioğlu. "Microwave Plasma Gasification Performance of Sawdust." Academic Perspective Procedia 1, no. 1 (November 9, 2018): 1140–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.33793/acperpro.01.01.183.

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In this study, the gasification performance of the pine tree sawdust and hornbeam sawdust at varied air flow rate and microwave plasma power are investigated. In each case, 250g sawdust are dosed to gasification reactor. The effects of power and air flow rate on syngas composition and reactor temperature are studied. The sawdust contents are examined by ultimate and proximate analysis. The heating value of the fuels are measured as 21353 kJ/kg for hornbeam sawdust and 17942 kJ/kg for pine tree sawdust by bomb calorimeter. The syngas content is substantially proportional with the content of the fuel. The variation of local temperatures during the gasification is of great importance on the process. The temperature is increased by increasing the power and the conversion performance of sawdust is enhanced. Air flow rate has a reverse effect on both magnitude of the temperate and syngas yield. The temperature in gasifier increase %54 in case of 50 sL/min and approximately %80 in case of 100sL/min by increasing power from 3 kW to 6 kW. CO, CH4 and H2 conversion increase by increasing the power while CO2 conversion decreases by power. Unlike to the effect of power, increase of air flow rate from 50 to 100 sL/min enhances CO2 conversion, with a reduction in the conversions of CO, CH4 and H2.

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7

Choi, Sooseok. "Numerical Simulation of Thermal Plasma Gasification Process." Applied Mechanics and Materials 799-800 (October 2015): 90–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.799-800.90.

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Numerical analysis of plasma gasification process was carried out base on the combination of magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) and computational fluid dynamics (CFD). A two stage gasification system which consists of a heater and a plasma rector was used to enhance syngas production in the present work. Nitrogen thermal plasma jet generated by a low power plasma torch was analyzed by a self-developed MHD code, and complex thermal flow field in the plasma reactor was simulated with a commercial CFD code. The accuracy of numerical simulation was confirmed from the comparison between numerical results and experimentally measured data of arc voltage and reactor temperature. From the numerical analysis, a high temperature for the thermal cracking of methane was expected in the upper region of the plasma reactor.

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8

Janajreh, Isam, Syed Shabbar Raza, and Arnar Snaer Valmundsson. "Plasma gasification process: Modeling, simulation and comparison with conventional air gasification." Energy Conversion and Management 65 (January 2013): 801–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2012.03.010.

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9

Zhang, Qinglin, Liran Dor, Dikla Fenigshtein, Weihong Yang, and Wlodzmierz Blasiak. "Gasification of municipal solid waste in the Plasma Gasification Melting process." Applied Energy 90, no. 1 (February 2012): 106–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2011.01.041.

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10

Anshakov, A. S., A. I. Aliferov, and P. V. Domarov. "Features plasma gasification of organic waste." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 560 (July 10, 2019): 012057. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/560/1/012057.

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11

Balgaranova, Janetta. "Plasma chemical gasification of sewage sludge." Waste Management & Research 21, no. 1 (February 2003): 38–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0734242x0302100105.

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12

Serov, A. A., M. Hrabovsky, V. Kopecky, A. Maslani, M. Hlina, and O. Hurba. "Lignite Gasification in Thermal Steam Plasma." Plasma Chemistry and Plasma Processing 39, no. 2 (January 22, 2019): 395–406. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11090-019-09957-w.

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13

Matveev, Igor B., Nikolay Vitalievich Washcilenko, Serhiy Ivanovich Serbin, and Nataliia A. Goncharova. "Integrated Plasma Coal Gasification Power Plant." IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science 41, no. 12 (December 2013): 3195–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tps.2013.2289908.

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14

Ramos, Ana, Carlos Afonso Teixeira, and Abel Rouboa. "Environmental Assessment of Municipal Solid Waste by Two-Stage Plasma Gasification." Energies 12, no. 1 (January 1, 2019): 137. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12010137.

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Plasma gasification is a thermal treatment successfully applied to waste streams, especially for solid residues. It sets an upgrade to more common waste-to-energy (WtE) techniques as incineration or gasification, granting lower levels of pollutant emissions, less landfilled materials and higher conversion efficiencies and producer gas quality. A life cycle assessment (LCA) of plasma gasification for one ton of a defined stream of solid waste is presented and compared to the hypothetical outcomes of incineration, highlighting the need to implement such sustainable techniques rather than more polluting ones. CML 2001 methodology was applied, enabling the evaluation of eleven impact categories, all of them depicting avoided burdens for the environment. Enhanced efficiency and cleanliness were seen due to the plasma step and to the replacement of part of the electrical grid mix by the produced electricity. Plasma gasification presented an overall better performance than incineration, portraying savings in energy and material resources as well as lower emissions to freshwater. Additionally, lower amounts of air contaminants were seen as well as almost triple of the produced electricity.

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15

Hartati, Angela, Diah Indriani Widiputri, and Arbi Dimyati. "Municipal Solid Waste Treatment Using Plasma Gasification with the Potential Production of Synthesis Gas (Syngas)." ICONIET PROCEEDING 2, no. 1 (February 11, 2019): 8–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.33555/iconiet.v2i1.4.

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This research was conducted for the purpose to overcome Indonesia waste problem. The samples are classified into garden waste, paper waste, wood, food waste, and MSW with objective to identify which type of waste give out more syngas since there is waste separation in Indonesia. All samples were treated by plasma gasification without pre-treatment (drying). Arc plasma torch used in this experiment was made by National Nuclear Energy Agency (BATAN) and used Argon as the gas source. Then the torch was connected to self-designed gasification chamber and gas washing system before injected into a gas bas for composition analysis. Another objective is to identify factors that may affect the gasification efficiency and the experiment shows that moisture content is not really affecting the efficiency but the duration of the process. The mass reduction of each samples were recorded, then the gas produced from the gasification process were analyzed. The result shows that food has the highest mass percentage reduced and producing the highest amount of hydrogen amongst other samples. However, treating MSW also produce considerably high amount of hydrogen. In conclusion, MSW direct treatment (without separation) using plasma gasification is feasible since it still produces desirable quality of syngas.

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16

Kumar, M., S. Kumar, and S. K. Singh. "PLASMA TECHNOLOGY AS WASTE TO ENERGY: A REVIEW." International Journal of Advanced Research 8, no. 12 (December 31, 2020): 464–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/12171.

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The age of urbanization has brought exponential growth in population and development along with the huge amount of waste generation. The waste generated is a mix type of waste which is difficult to manage using conventional methods and is ever increasing and changing in nature, blocking essential space that has become an expensive commodity in todays world. Conventional techniques such as combustion, land filling incineration, gasification have been the conventionally preferred method of waste management. The paper proposes a critical assessment of traditional waste to energy (WtE) procedure, starting from basic aspects of the process, performance, environmental assessment parameters to plasma gasification, a alternate WtE. This will assess the socio-aspect of plasma gasification , a more sustainable waste management system with producing a synthetic gas as by-product and slag. Although plasma has high installation and maintance costs, revenue generation form product can make it financially viable. This paper discusses the current limitations of this technology and highlights a few studies that are being conducted around the world that may soon take this concept from technical feasibility to practical reality.

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17

Jovanovic, Rastko, Dejan Cvetinovic, Predrag Stefanovic, Predrag Skobalj, and Zoran Markovic. "Novel fragmentation model for pulverized coal particles gasification in low temperature air thermal plasma." Thermal Science 20, suppl. 1 (2016): 207–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci151222015j.

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New system for start-up and flame support based on coal gasification by low temperature air thermal plasma is planned to supplement current heavy oil system in Serbian thermal power plants in order to decrease air pollutions emission and operational costs. Locally introduced plasma thermal energy heats up and ignites entrained coal particles, thus starting chain process which releases heat energy from gasified coal particles inside burner channel. Important stages during particle combustion, such as particle devolatilisation and char combustion, are described with satisfying accuracy in existing commercial CFD codes that are extensively used as powerful tool for pulverized coal combustion and gasification modeling. However, during plasma coal gasification, high plasma temperature induces strong thermal stresses inside interacting coal particles. These stresses lead to ?thermal shock? and extensive particle fragmentation during which coal particles with initial size of 50-100 ??m disintegrate into fragments of at most 5-10 ??m. This intensifies volatile release by a factor 3-4 and substantially accelerates the oxidation of combustible matter. Particle fragmentation, due to its small size and thus limited influence on combustion process is commonly neglected in modelling. The main focus of this work is to suggest novel approach to pulverized coal gasification under high temperature conditions and to implement it into commercial comprehensive code ANSYS FLUENT 14.0. Proposed model was validated against experimental data obtained in newly built pilot scale D.C plasma burner test facility. Newly developed model showed very good agreement with experimental results with relative error less than 10%, while the standard built-in gasification model had error up to 25%.

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18

Syah, Usmadian. "Kajian Konversi Potensi Sampah Kota Pontianak Menjadi Energi Listrik Dengan Gasifikasi Plasma." ELKHA 9, no. 1 (February 14, 2017): 28. http://dx.doi.org/10.26418/elkha.v9i1.21495.

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Abstract– The economic and population growth are two things that are consistent with the development of a city. Along with the process, it will arise a new problems. Waste generation has increased every year cause of environmental pollution. One of renewable energy technology that can reduse environmental pollution uses waste as raw material is PLTSa with plasma gasification. In the process of plasma gasification, the waste run into the reactor gasifier will be completely destroyed and produce residues that have economic value and synthetic gas that can be used as fuel of electricity generation plant. In this journal has been analyzed the potential of waste Pontianak city that can be converted into electrical energy. The results obtained are for 1(one) ton of waste can produce 787,5371 kWh electrical energy. From the data obtained for 6 years with the amount of waste as much as 1,378,269.20 tons can generate electrical energy of 1,085,438.10 MWh and estimation sales revenue can be obtained for Rp. 1.622.729.961.326,79. With a 12% interest rate, the production cost of the plant is Rp. 1.417.16/kWh. PLTSa with plasma gasification is one of the most effective and environmentally friendly technologies as a solution in handling waste and electrical energy crisis. Keywords- Electical Energy, Plasma Gasification, Waste, Synthetic Gas

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19

F. N. C, Anyaegbunam. "Hazardous Waste Vitrification by Plasma Gasification Process." IOSR Journal of Environmental Science, Toxicology and Food Technology 8, no. 3 (2014): 15–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.9790/2402-08311519.

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20

Matveev, Igor B., Vladimir E. Messerle, and Alexander B. Ustimenko. "Plasma Gasification of Coal in Different Oxidants." IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science 36, no. 6 (December 2008): 2947–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tps.2008.2007643.

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21

Matveev, I. B., V. E. Messerle, and A. B. Ustimenko. "Investigation of Plasma-Aided Bituminous Coal Gasification." IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science 37, no. 4 (April 2009): 580–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tps.2009.2013710.

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22

Anshakov, A. S., P. V. Domarov, L. N. Perepechko, and V. A. Faleev. "Studying plasma gasification of solid municipal waste." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1261 (June 2019): 012003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1261/1/012003.

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23

Fabry, Frédéric, Christophe Rehmet, Vandad Rohani, and Laurent Fulcheri. "Waste Gasification by Thermal Plasma: A Review." Waste and Biomass Valorization 4, no. 3 (February 5, 2013): 421–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12649-013-9201-7.

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24

Cao, Yawen, Bin Li, Qin Wang, Zhihao Zhang, and Xianwei Han. "Simulation of Arc Plasma Gasification Based on Experimental Conditions." E3S Web of Conferences 194 (2020): 05029. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202019405029.

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An EPJ process simulation model was set up and verified to simulate the plasma gasification process of the medical wastes. The influence of ER value and SAMR value was simulated based on experimental conditions including material feeding rate, furnace temperature and medical waste properties. Results shows that ER=0.3 is a turning point for medical waste plasma gasification. The required input plasma power and volume flow of combustible constituents in syngas reach the maximum at ER=0.3. The balance of syngas composition and required input plasma power should be overall considered. Results shows that the SAMR value mainly influences the amount of H element and N element in the system at a fixed ER value, thus influencing the proportions of H2 and N2 in monotonous ways. Input plasma power needed and combustible syngas flow increase with the increasing SAMR.

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25

Zhang, Qinglin, Yueshi Wu, Liran Dor, Weihong Yang, and Wlodzimierz Blasiak. "A thermodynamic analysis of solid waste gasification in the Plasma Gasification Melting process." Applied Energy 112 (December 2013): 405–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2013.03.054.

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26

WANG, Xi, Chunfei ZHANG, Fei XIE, Hong LI, and Xiaoliang WANG. "ICOPE-15-C091 An experimental system established on plasma gasification for municipal solid waste." Proceedings of the International Conference on Power Engineering (ICOPE) 2015.12 (2015): _ICOPE—15——_ICOPE—15—. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmeicope.2015.12._icope-15-_170.

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27

Sedej, Owen, and Eric Mbonimpa. "CFD Modeling of a Lab-Scale Microwave Plasma Reactor for Waste-to-Energy Applications: A Review." Gases 1, no. 3 (July 24, 2021): 133–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/gases1030011.

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Rapidly increasing solid waste generation and energy demand are two critical issues of the current century. Plasma gasification, a type of waste-to-energy (WtE) technology, has the potential to produce clean energy from waste and safely destroy hazardous waste. Among plasma gasification technologies, microwave (MW)-driven plasma offers numerous potential advantages to be scaled as a leading WtE technology if its processes are well understood and optimized. This paper reviews studies on modeling experimental microwave-induced plasma gasification systems. The system characterization requires developing mathematical models to describe the multiphysics phenomena within the reactor. The injection of plasma-forming gases and carrier gases, the rate of the waste stream, and the operational power heavily influence the initiation of various chemical reactions that produce syngas. The type and kinetics of the chemical reactions taking place are primarily influenced by either the turbulence or temperature. Navier–Stokes equations are used to describe the mass, momentum, and energy transfer, and the k-epsilon model is often used to describe the turbulence within the reactor. Computational fluid dynamics software offers the ability to solve these multiphysics mathematical models efficiently and accurately.

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28

Mazzoni, Luca, Manar Almazrouei, Chaouki Ghenai, and Isam Janajreh. "A comparison of energy recovery from MSW through plasma gasification and entrained flow gasification." Energy Procedia 142 (December 2017): 3480–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2017.12.233.

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29

Kholiavchenko, Leonid, Yevhen Pihida, Serhii Demchenko, and Serhii Davydov. "Determination of the kinetic constants of the process of plasma gasification of coal-water fuel." E3S Web of Conferences 109 (2019): 00034. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201910900034.

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The chemical kinetics of processes of thermal transformations of carbon-containing media was studied at high-temperature processing (2000 K ≤ T ≤ 5000 K) in the chamber of a plasma-jet reactor using water vapor as an oxidizer. The chemical reactions rate was calculated according to the method of determining the kinetic constants of the process of gasification of coal-water fuel. The influence of the temperature of the gaseous environment in the chamber on the time of complete carbon conversion of the fuel particles is established. An example of calculating the parameters of the gasification process of coke residue particles with a size of (5 - 20)·10-5 m with an oxidizer excess coefficient α = 0.45 and fuel consumption mf = 100 kg/hr is given. The expediency of the process of vapor-plasma gasification at the temperature of gases in the reactor chamber up to 3000 K is shown.

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30

Lorcet, H., M. Brothier, D. Guenadou, C. Latge, and Armelle Vardelle. "MODELING BIO-OIL GASIFICATION BY A PLASMA PROCESS." High Temperature Material Processes (An International Quarterly of High-Technology Plasma Processes) 14, no. 1-2 (2010): 11–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1615/hightempmatproc.v14.i1-2.20.

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31

Messerle, V. Е., А. B. Ustimenko, N. А. Slavinskaya, and Zh Sitdikov. "Thermodynamic analysis of plasma gasification of agricultural waste." Recent Contributions to Physics 69, no. 2 (2019): 116–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.26577/rcph-2019-i2-15.

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32

Materazzi, Massimiliano, and Richard Taylor. "Plasma-Assisted Gasification for Waste-to-Fuels Applications." Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research 58, no. 35 (August 12, 2019): 15902–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.iecr.9b01239.

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33

HONDA, TAKUYA, ATSUSHI KANZAWA, and HIROAKI ANEKAWA. "Gasification of coal in the thermal argon plasma." Journal of Chemical Engineering of Japan 18, no. 5 (1985): 414–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1252/jcej.18.414.

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34

Galeev, T., and A. Sadrtdinov-. "Study of woody biomass plasma gasification different humidity." Актуальные направления научных исследований XXI века: теория и практика 2, no. 3 (October 16, 2014): 293–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/3976.

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35

De Matons, P. Grosdidier, and W. H. Gauvin. "Gasification of peat in a steam plasma reactor." Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering 63, no. 1 (February 1985): 93–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cjce.5450630115.

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36

Kim, Doo-Il, Jae-Goo Lee, Yong-Ku Kim, and Sang-Jun Yoon. "The Characteristics of Coal Gasification using Microwave Plasma." Transactions of the Korean hydrogen and new energy society 23, no. 1 (February 28, 2012): 93–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.7316/khnes.2012.23.1.093.

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37

An’shakov, A. S., V. A. Faleev, A. A. Danilenko, E. K. Urbakh, and A. E. Urbakh. "Investigation of plasma gasification of carbonaceous technogeneous wastes." Thermophysics and Aeromechanics 14, no. 4 (December 2007): 607–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s0869864307040105.

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38

Djebabra, Djamal, Odile Dessaux, and Pierre Goudmand. "Coal gasification by microwave plasma in water vapour." Fuel 70, no. 12 (December 1991): 1473–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0016-2361(91)90015-3.

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39

Sanlisoy, Aytac, and Melda Ozdinc Carpinlioglu. "Preliminary measurements on microwave plasma flame for gasification." Energy, Ecology and Environment 3, no. 1 (July 6, 2017): 32–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40974-017-0063-x.

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40

TANG, L., and H. HUANG. "Biomass gasification using capacitively coupled RF plasma technology." Fuel 84, no. 16 (November 2005): 2055–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2005.04.015.

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41

Minami, Eiji, Syunpei Fujimoto, and Shiro Saka. "Complete gasification of cellulose in glow-discharge plasma." Journal of Wood Science 64, no. 6 (August 30, 2018): 854–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10086-018-1755-3.

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42

Favas, José, Eliseu Monteiro, and Abel Rouboa. "Hydrogen production using plasma gasification with steam injection." International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 42, no. 16 (April 2017): 10997–1005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2017.03.109.

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43

Ibrahimoglu, Beycan, Ahmet Cucen, and M. Zeki Yilmazoglu. "Numerical modeling of a downdraft plasma gasification reactor." International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 42, no. 4 (January 2017): 2583–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2016.06.224.

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44

Rutberg, Ph G., A. N. Bratsev, V. A. Kuznetsov, V. E. Popov, A. A. Ufimtsev, and S. V. Shtengel’. "On efficiency of plasma gasification of wood residues." Biomass and Bioenergy 35, no. 1 (January 2011): 495–504. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biombioe.2010.09.010.

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45

Ismail, Tamer M., Ana Ramos, M. Abd El-Salam, Eliseu Monteiro, and Abel Rouboa. "Plasma fixed bed gasification using an Eulerian model." International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 44, no. 54 (November 2019): 28668–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2019.08.035.

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46

Cai, Xiaowei, Xiange Wei, Jiao Wu, Jiamin Ding, and Changming Du. "Plasma pyrolysis and gasification of carambola leaves using non-thermal arc plasma." Waste Disposal & Sustainable Energy 2, no. 3 (August 28, 2020): 193–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s42768-020-00046-9.

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47

Lelievre, C., C. A. Pickles, and S. Hultgren. "Plasma-Augmented Fluidized Bed Gasification of Sub-bituminous Coal in CO2–O2 Atmospheres." High Temperature Materials and Processes 35, no. 1 (January 1, 2016): 89–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/htmp-2014-0162.

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AbstractThe gasification of a sub-bituminous coal using CO2–O2 gas mixtures was studied in a plasma-augmented fluidized bed gasifier. Firstly, the coal was chemically characterized and the gasification process was examined using Thermogravimetric and Differential Thermal Analysis (TGA/DTA) in CO2, O2 and at a CO2 to O2 ratio of 3 to 1. Secondly, the equilibrium gas compositions were obtained using the Gibbs free energy minimization method (HSC Chemistry®7). Thirdly, gasification tests were performed in a plasma-augmented fluidized bed and the off-gas temperatures and compositions were determined. Finally, for comparison purposes, control tests were conducted using a conventional fluidized bed coal gasifier and these results were compared to those achieved in the plasma-augmented fluidized bed gasifier. The effects of bed temperature and CO2 to O2 ratio were studied. For both gasifiers, at a given bed temperature, the off-gas compositions were in general agreement with the equilibrium values. Also, for both gasifiers, an experimental CO2 to O2 ratio of about 3 to 1 resulted in the highest syngas grade (%CO + %H2). Both higher off-gas temperatures and syngas grades could be achieved in the plasma-augmented gasifier, in comparison to the conventional gasifier. These differences were attributed to the higher bed temperatures in the plasma-augmented fluidized bed gasifier.

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48

Zhang, Qinglin, Liran Dor, Weihong Yang, and Wlodzimierz Blasiak. "Eulerian Model for Municipal Solid Waste Gasification in a Fixed-Bed Plasma Gasification Melting Reactor." Energy & Fuels 25, no. 9 (September 15, 2011): 4129–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ef200383j.

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49

Zhang, Qinglin, Liran Dor, Lan Zhang, Weihong Yang, and Wlodzimierz Blasiak. "Performance analysis of municipal solid waste gasification with steam in a Plasma Gasification Melting reactor." Applied Energy 98 (October 2012): 219–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2012.03.028.

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Slavinskaya, N. A., U. Riedel, V. E. Messerle, and A. B. Ustimenko. "Chemical Kinetic Modeling in Coal Gasification Processes: an Overview." Eurasian Chemico-Technological Journal 15, no. 1 (December 24, 2012): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.18321/ectj134.

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Abstract:

<p>Coal is the fuel most able to cover world deficiencies in oil and natural gas. This motivates the development of new and more effective technologies for coal conversion into other fuels. Such technologies are focused on coal gasification with production of syngas or gaseous hydrocarbon fuels, as well as on direct coal liquefaction with production of liquid fuels. The benefits of plasma application in these technologies is based on the high selectivity of the plasma chemical processes, the high efficiency of conversion of different types of coal including those of low quality, relative simplicity of the process control, and significant reduction in the production of ashes, sulphur, and nitrogen oxides. In the coal gasifier, two-phase turbulent flow is coupled with heating and evaporation of coal particles, devolatilization of volatile material, the char combustion (heterogeneous/porous oxidation) or gasification, the gas phase reaction/oxidation (homogeneous oxidation) of gaseous products from coal particles. The present work reviews literature data concerning reaction kinetic modelling in coal gasification. Current state of related kinetic models for heterogeneous/homogeneous oxidation of coal particles, included plasma assisted, is reviewed.</p>

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