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Journal articles on the topic 'Plasma non collisionels'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 28 March 2023

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Zhang, Yanzeng, and Xian-Zhu Tang. "On the collisional damping of plasma velocity space instabilities." Physics of Plasmas 30, no. 3 (2023): 030701. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0136739.

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For plasma velocity space instabilities driven by particle distributions significantly deviated from a Maxwellian, weak collisions can damp the instabilities by an amount that is significantly beyond the collisional rate itself. This is attributed to the dual role of collisions that tend to relax the plasma distribution toward a Maxwellian and to suppress the linearly perturbed distribution function. The former effect can dominate in cases where the unstable non-Maxwellian distribution is driven by collisionless transport on a timescale much shorter than that of collisions, and the growth rate

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2

Zhang, Yanzeng, Yuzhi Li, Bhuvana Srinivasan, and Xian-Zhu Tang. "Resolving the mystery of electron perpendicular temperature spike in the plasma sheath." Physics of Plasmas 30, no. 3 (2023): 033504. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0132612.

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A large family of plasmas has collisional mean-free-path much longer than the non-neutral sheath width, which scales with the plasma Debye length. The plasmas, particularly the electrons, assume strong temperature anisotropy in the sheath. The temperature in the sheath flow direction ([Formula: see text]) is lower and drops toward the wall as a result of the decompressional cooling by the accelerating sheath flow. The electron temperature in the transverse direction of the flow field ([Formula: see text]) not only is higher but also spikes up in the sheath. This abnormal behavior of [Formula:

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3

Fan, Kaixuan, Xueqiao Xu, Ben Zhu, and Pengfei Li. "Kinetic Landau-fluid closures of non-Maxwellian distributions." Physics of Plasmas 29, no. 4 (2022): 042116. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0083108.

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New kinetic Landau-fluid closures, based on the cutoff Maxwellian distribution, are derived. A special static case is considered (the frequency [Formula: see text]). In the strongly collisional regime, our model reduces to Braginskii's heat flux model, and the transport is local. In the weak collisional regime, our model indicates that the heat flux is non-local and recovers the Hammett–Perkins model while the value of the cutoff velocity approaches to infinity. We compare the thermal transport coefficient [Formula: see text] of Maxwellian, cutoff Maxwellian and super-Gaussian distribution. Th

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4

Bret, Antoine, and Ramesh Narayan. "Density jump for parallel and perpendicular collisionless shocks." Laser and Particle Beams 38, no. 2 (2020): 114–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263034620000117.

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AbstractIn a collisionless shock, there are no binary collisions to isotropize the flow. It is therefore reasonable to ask to which extent the magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) jump conditions apply. Following up on recent works which found a significant departure from MHD in the case of parallel collisionless shocks, we here present a model allowing to compute the density jump for collisionless shocks. Because the departure from MHD eventually stems from a sustained downstream anisotropy that the Vlasov equation alone cannot specify, we hypothesize a kinetic history for the plasma, as it crosses the

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5

YANG, Wei, Fei GAO, and Younian WANG. "Conductivity effects during the transition from collisionless to collisional regimes in cylindrical inductively coupled plasmas." Plasma Science and Technology 24, no. 5 (2022): 055401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/2058-6272/ac56ce.

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Abstract A numerical model is developed to study the conductivity effects during the transition from collisionless to collisional regimes in cylindrical inductively coupled argon plasmas at pressures of 0.1–20 Pa. The model consists of electron kinetics module, electromagnetics module, and global model module. It allows for self-consistent description of non-local electron kinetics and collisionless electron heating in terms of the conductivity of homogeneous hot plasma. Simulation results for non-local conductivity case are compared with predictions for the assumption of local conductivity ca

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6

McCubbin, Andrew J., Gregory G. Howes, and Jason M. TenBarge. "Characterizing velocity–space signatures of electron energization in large-guide-field collisionless magnetic reconnection." Physics of Plasmas 29, no. 5 (2022): 052105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0082213.

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Magnetic reconnection plays an important role in the release of magnetic energy and consequent energization of particles in collisionless plasmas. Energy transfer in collisionless magnetic reconnection is inherently a two-step process: reversible, collisionless energization of particles by the electric field, followed by collisional thermalization of that energy, leading to irreversible plasma heating. Gyrokinetic numerical simulations are used to explore the first step of electron energization, and we generate the first examples of field–particle correlation signatures of electron energizatio

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7

Hong, Young-Hun, Tae-Woo Kim, Ju-Ho Kim, Yeong-Min Lim, Moo-Young Lee, and Chin-Wook Chung. "Experimental investigation on the hysteresis in low-pressure inductively coupled neon discharge." Physics of Plasmas 29, no. 9 (2022): 093506. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0092091.

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A hysteresis phenomenon observed in neon inductive discharge at low gas pressure is investigated in terms of the evolution of the electron energy distribution function (EEDF). Generally, the hysteresis phenomenon has been reported at high-pressure Ramsauer gas discharges. However, in neon plasma, we found that the hysteresis phenomenon occurs even at low gas pressure (5 mTorr). Furthermore, the hysteresis vanishes with an increase in the gas pressure (10 and 25 mTorr). To analyze this hysteresis, the EEDF is measured depending on the radio frequency power. The EEDF at 10 mTorr sustains the bi-

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8

Kaganovich, I. D., V. I. Demidov, S. F. Adams, and Y. Raitses. "Non-local collisionless and collisional electron transport in low-temperature plasma." Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion 51, no. 12 (2009): 124003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0741-3335/51/12/124003.

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9

Alharbi, A., I. Ballai, V. Fedun, and G. Verth. "Waves in weakly ionized solar plasmas." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 511, no. 4 (2022): 5274–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stac444.

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ABSTRACT Here, we study the nature and characteristics of waves propagating in partially ionized plasmas in the weakly ionized limit, typical for the lower part of the solar atmosphere. The framework in which the properties of waves are discussed depends on the relative magnitude of collisions between particles, but also on the relative magnitude of the collisional frequencies compared to the gyro-frequency of charged particles. Our investigation shows that the weakly ionized solar atmospheric plasma can be divided into two regions, and this division occurs, roughly, at the base of the chromos

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10

Haggerty, Colby C., Antoine Bret, and Damiano Caprioli. "Kinetic simulations of strongly magnetized parallel shocks: deviations from MHD jump conditions." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 509, no. 2 (2021): 2084–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stab3110.

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ABSTRACT Shocks waves are a ubiquitous feature of many astrophysical plasma systems, and an important process for energy dissipation and transfer. The physics of these shock waves are frequently treated/modelled as a collisional, fluid magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) discontinuity, despite the fact that many shocks occur in the collisionless regime. In light of this, using fully kinetic, 3D simulations of non-relativistic, parallel propagating collisionless shocks comprised of electron-positron plasma, we detail the deviation of collisionless shocks form MHD predictions for varying magnetization/Alf

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11

Alvarez Laguna, A., B. Esteves, A. Bourdon, and P. Chabert. "A regularized high-order moment model to capture non-Maxwellian electron energy distribution function effects in partially ionized plasmas." Physics of Plasmas 29, no. 8 (2022): 083507. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0095019.

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A model for electrons in partially ionized plasmas that self-consistently captures non-Maxwellian electron energy distribution function (EEDF) effects is presented. The model is based on the solution of scalar and vectorial velocity moments up to the contracted fourth-order moment. The set of fluid (macroscopic) equations is obtained with Grad's method and exact expressions for the collision production terms are derived, considering the electron–electron, electron–gas, and electron–ion elastic collisions as well as for electron–gas excitation and ionization collisions. A regularization of the

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12

Akter, Shahrina, and M. G. Hafez. "Head-on collision between two-counter-propagating electron acoustic soliton and double layer in an unmagnetized plasma." AIP Advances 13, no. 1 (2023): 015005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0124133.

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The head-on collision between two-counter-propagating electron acoustic solitons and double layers (DLs) in an unmagnetized collisionless multi-species plasma consisting of inertial cold electron fluid and ( α, q)-distributed hot electrons and positrons has been analyzed with the stationary background of massive positive ions. For nonlinear analysis of colliding wave phenomena, the coupled Korteweg–de Vries equation (KdVE), modified KdVE (mKdVE), and standard Gardner equation have been derived by adopting the extended Poincaré–Lighthill–Kuo technique. The effect of non-dimensional parameters o

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13

Øien, Alf H. "Kinetic and transport theory for a non-neutral plasma taking account of strong gyration and non-uniformities on the collisional scale." Journal of Plasma Physics 38, no. 3 (1987): 351–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022377800012654.

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From the BBGKY equations for a pure electron plasma a derivation is made of a collision integral that includes the combined effects of particle gyration in a strong magnetic field and non-uniformities of both the distribution function and the self-consistent electric field on the collisional scale. A series expansion of the collision integral through the distribution function and the electric field on the collisional scale is carried out to third order in derivatives of the distribution function and to second order in derivatives of the electric field. For the strong-magnetic-field case when c

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14

Xhani, Klejdja, and Nick P. Proukakis. "Thermal–Condensate Collisional Effects on Atomic Josephson Junction Dynamics." Atoms 13, no. 8 (2025): 68. https://doi.org/10.3390/atoms13080068.

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We investigate how collisional interactions between the condensate and the thermal cloud influence the distinct dynamical regimes (Josephson plasma, phase-slip-induced dissipative regime, and macroscopic quantum self-trapping) emerging in ultracold atomic Josephson junctions at non-zero subcritical temperatures. Specifically, we discuss how the self-consistent dynamical inclusion of collisional processes facilitating the exchange of particles between the condensate and the thermal cloud impacts both the condensate and the thermal currents, demonstrating that their relative importance depends o

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15

Korn, J., and H. Schamel. "Electron holes and their role in the dynamics of current-carrying weakly collisional plasmas. Part 1. Immobile ions." Journal of Plasma Physics 56, no. 2 (1996): 307–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022377800019280.

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Solutions of the Vlasov-Fokker-Planck-Poisson system in a current-carrying plasma are analysed theoretically and numerically in the collisionless and weakly collisional approximations. The class of electron holes is extended, and new solitary electron hole and hump equilibria are found. Numerical solutions of the full time-dependent self-consistent problem are presented that show the non-existence of structural dissipative equilibria as long as ions are treated as an immobile background.

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16

McGowan, A. D., and J. J. Sanderson. "On the relaxation of non-thermal plasmas." Journal of Plasma Physics 47, no. 3 (1992): 373–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022377800024296.

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The collisional relaxation of various plasma distributions that are initially far removed from thermal equilibrium is investigated numerically using a Fokker–Planck code. It is shown that self-similar and kappa distributions do not remain self-similar or kappa, and that this is due to the velocity dependence of the effective collision frequency. For the relaxation of an isotropic two temperature plasma it is shown that a constant-temperature three-component distribution function is a plausible model for analytical calculations. Investigation of the relaxation of bi-Maxwellian plasmas resolves

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17

BALIKHIN, M., and M. GEDALIN. "Generalization of the Harris current sheet model for non-relativistic, relativistic and pair plasmas." Journal of Plasma Physics 74, no. 6 (2008): 749–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s002237780800723x.

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AbstractReconnection is believed to be responsible for plasma acceleration in a large number of space and astrophysical objects. Onset of reconnection is usually related to instabilities of current sheet equilibria. Analytical self-consistent models of an equilibrium current sheet (Harris equilibrium) are known for non-relativistic plasmas and some special cases of relativistic plasmas. We develop a description of generalized Harris equilibria in collisionless non-relativistic and relativistic plasmas. Possible shapes of the magnetic field are analyzed.

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18

Hirak Jyoti Dehingia and Paramananda Deka. "Characteristics of Nonlinear Dust Acoustic Waves (DAWs) Propagating in an Inhomogeneous Collisionless Magnetized Dusty Plasma." East European Journal of Physics, no. 1 (March 5, 2024): 504–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.26565/2312-4334-2024-1-56.

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In this paper, we have presented our investigation on the characteristics of nonlinear dust acoustic waves (DAWs) propagating in an inhomogeneous collisionless magnetized dusty plasma (MDP). In this problem, we have considered a collisionless plasma consisting of nonthermal ions, non-extensive electrons and negatively charged dust grains. Using the reductive perturbation theory (RPT) we have derived the modified Zakharov-Kuznetsov (m-ZK) equation. The solution of m-ZK equation indicates the nonlinear characteristics of the DASWs in plasma. Our investigation also predicts how the amplitudes of

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19

Mašek, M., and K. Rohlena. "Kinetics of the Raman scattering in a laser corona using a transform method." Laser and Particle Beams 35, no. 4 (2017): 687–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263034617000696.

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AbstractThis paper is an extension of our previous paper (Mašek and Rohlena, 2015), where we applied a transform method for the solution of Vlasov–Maxwell set of equations in a one-dimensional geometry to describe the Raman backscattering of the heating ns laser wave in the external corona of the generated laser plasma in a strongly non-linear regime. The method is stabilized by a simplified Fokker–Planck collision term, which, in turn, is used for a study of the influence of collisional and collisionless damping mechanisms of the daughter electron plasma wave (EPW) on the instability developm

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20

Piron, Robin. "Atomic Models of Dense Plasmas, Applications, and Current Challenges." Atoms 12, no. 4 (2024): 26. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atoms12040026.

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Modeling plasmas in terms of atoms or ions is theoretically appealing for several reasons. When it is relevant, the notion of atom or ion in a plasma provides us with an interpretation scheme of the plasma’s internal functioning. From the standpoint of quantitative estimation of plasma properties, atomic models of plasma allow one to extend many theoretical tools of atomic physics to plasmas. This notably includes the statistical approaches to the detailed accounting for excited states, or the collisional-radiative modeling of non-equilibrium plasmas, which is based on the notion of atomic pro

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21

Zhou, Zhenhua, Dong Yang, Bocong Zheng, and Yangyang Fu. "Mechanism of electron power absorption in radio frequency plasmas with inverse sheaths." Plasma Sources Science and Technology 34, no. 6 (2025): 065005. https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6595/adde83.

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Abstract This study reports mechanisms of electron power absorption in radio frequency (RF) plasmas with inverse (negatively charged) sheaths, which are caused by strong thermionic electron emission from the electrode surface. Based on particle-in-cell/Monte-Carlo collision simulations and the moment analysis of the Boltzmann equation, we confirm that this thermionic-emission-driven RF plasma features more intense electron heating in the bulk plasma, which differs from capacitive RF discharges. We reveal that non-local collisional heating can still be the dominant electron power absorption mec

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22

Cremaschini, Claudio, John C. Miller, and Massimo Tessarotto. "Kinetic closure conditions for quasi-stationary collisionless axisymmetric magnetoplasmas." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 6, S274 (2010): 236–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921311007010.

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AbstractA characteristic feature of fluid theories concerns the difficulty of uniquely defining consistent closure conditions for the fluid equations. In fact it is well known that fluid theories cannot generally provide a closed system of equations for the fluid fields. This feature is typical of collisionless plasmas where, in contrast to collisional plasmas, asymptotic closure conditions do not follow as a consequence of an H-theorem This issue is of particular relevance in astrophysics where fluid approaches are usually adopted. On the other hand, it is well known that the determination of

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23

Wang, L. P., Z. B. Guo, Z. J. Mao, and Y. Zhang. "Phase finite time singularity: On the dissolution of a surface MHD eigenmode to the Alfvén continuum." Physics of Plasmas 30, no. 3 (2023): 032105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0132609.

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Phase mixing is a general mechanism of collisionless damping in magnetized plasmas. In a MHD model, the carrier of phase mixing is the Alfvén wave continuum, which is driven by the plasma inhomogeneity. In this work, we study the non-resonant conversion of a surface MHD eigenmode to the Alfvén continuum. It is shown that the finite-time-singularity of the phase of the surface mode can smear its periodic oscillation and induces the excitation of the local Alfvén waves. This type of mode conversion would enhance the collisionless dissipation of the surface eigenmode, i.e., accelerating its disso

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24

BATISHCHEV, O. V., M. M. SHOUCRI, A. A. BATISHCHEVA, and I. P. SHKAROFSKY. "Fully kinetic simulation of coupled plasma and neutral particles in scrape-off layer plasmas of fusion devices." Journal of Plasma Physics 61, no. 2 (1999): 347–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022377898007375.

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Fluid descriptions of plasmas, which are usually applied to a collisional plasma, can only be justified for very small Coulomb Knudsen numbers. However, the scrape-off layer (SOL) plasmas of experimental magnetic confinement fusion devices tend to have operational regimes characterized by a Coulomb Knudsen number around 0.1. In interesting detached regimes of an SOL plasma in a tokamak, when the plasma detaches from the limiters or divertors, this number may increase along with the local plasma gradients. Plasma gradients are also known to increase (and thus drive non-local effects) in inertia

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25

Korn, J., and H. Schamel. "Electron holes and their role in the dynamics of current-carrying weakly collisional plasmas. Part 2. Mobile ions." Journal of Plasma Physics 56, no. 2 (1996): 339–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022377800019292.

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New dissipative structural equilibria of the Vlasov-Fokker-Planck-Poisson system in a current-carrying plasma with mobile ions are presented. The dynamical evolution towards these final equilibrium states is explored. First consequences for the parallel transport are derived and it is shown that the anomalous resistivity depends on non-symmetric distortions of the electron distribution function in the thermal range which are affected by collisions and ion mobility. The fundamental role of electron holes as the underlying collisionless structure is emphasized.

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26

Øien, Alf H. "Kinetic equations for a non-uniform plasma in strong fields and resulting particle transport." Journal of Plasma Physics 43, no. 2 (1990): 189–215. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022377800014744.

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From the BBGKY equations for a multi-component plasma a derivation of generalized kinetic equations valid for non-uniform, neutral as well as non-neutral plasmas in strong electric and magnetic fields is made. Explicit effects of particle gyration and non-uniformities on the collisional scale are included in the collision terms. For each particle species the collision terms describing interaction between the same or other particle species consist of two parts. The first part is a generalization of the corresponding classical term, to which it reduces when fields and non-uniformities are neglig

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27

Prakash, Kirti, and Seema Manchanda. "Effects of Finite Larmor Radius and Hall Currents on Thermosolutal Instability of a Partially Ionized Plasma in Porous Medium." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung A 49, no. 3 (1994): 469–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zna-1994-0304.

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Abstract The effects of finite ion Larmor radius (FLR), collisions and Hall currents on thermosolutal instability of a partially ionized plasma in porous medium in the presence of uniform vertical magnetic field are investigated. It is found that the presence of each magnetic field, FLR, Hall currents and collisions, introduces oscillatory modes which were, otherwise, non-existent. In the case of stationary convection, finite Larmor radius, Hall currents, medium permeability and magnetic field may have stabilizing or destabilizing effects, but for a certain wave number range, FLR, magnetic fie

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28

Martinovic, M. M. "Orbit limited theory in the solar wind - κ distributions". Serbian Astronomical Journal, № 192 (2016): 27–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/saj160220004m.

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When a solid object is immersed into ionized gas it gets brought to a certain value of electrostatic potential and surrounded by a space charge region called ?plasma sheath?. Through this region, particles are attracted or repelled from the surface of the charge collecting object. For collisionless plasma, this process is described by the so-called orbit limited theory, which explains how the collection of particles is determined by the collector geometry and plasma velocity distribution function (VDF). In this article, we provide explicit expressions for orbit-limited currents for generalized

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29

Gordeev S.V., Ivanov V. A., and Skoblo Yu. E. "Dielectric barrier discharge in a low-pressure He-Ne mixture. Afterglow spectroscopy of 2p-=SUP=-5-=/SUP=-5s-> 2p-=SUP=-5-=/SUP=-3p transitions." Optics and Spectroscopy 130, no. 5 (2022): 608. http://dx.doi.org/10.21883/eos.2022.05.54447.3208-21.

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The results of a spectroscopic study and simulation of the processes of population and destruction of the levels of the 2p55s configuration of a neon atom in a decaying plasma of a low-frequency barrier discharge in a He-Ne mixture are presented. Experimental conditions: helium pressure 0.08-22 Torr, neon pressure ≤ 3 mTorr, electron density less than 1011 cm-3. On the basis of data on the evolution of the populations of the 3si levels (in Paschen's notation) with a change in helium pressure, data on the rate constants of collisional processes that determine the kinetics of these levels in He-

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30

Chee-Seng, Lim. "Switched-on evolution due to a temporal electron charge drifting subthermally through a warm collisional plasma." Journal of Plasma Physics 33, no. 1 (1985): 83–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022377800002348.

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An electron charge is suddenly switched on while drifting through a warm collisional plasma. It acts thereafter with an arbitrary time-dependence. The evolution of the plasma, initially at rest, is considered in two and three dimensions. A general solution is first established for drift-modified slow plasma modes and then employed in subthermal drift analysis. Its abrupt switch-on causes the electron charge to release, during subthermal drift, a fully symmetric thermal front Г which subsequently expands ahead of it into an undisturbed receding expanse. A transversely symmetric response develop

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31

Zhu, Wanying, Ruilin Cui, Feng He, Tianliang Zhang, and Jiting Ouyang. "On the mechanism of density peak at low magnetic field in argon helicon plasmas." Physics of Plasmas 29, no. 9 (2022): 093511. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0091471.

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Helicon plasma density may show a non-monotonic dependence on the magnetic field at low strength, so-called “low-field peak (LFP).” We presented the multiple LFPs and the formation mechanism in argon helicon plasmas in this paper. Propagating conditions of helicon (H) and Trivelpiece–Gould (TG) waves in collisional plasmas were calculated based on the dispersion relation. It is demonstrated that there are two mechanisms during mode transition responsible for LFP, i.e., resonance of H- and TG-waves and anti-resonance of TG-wave. Especially, H-TG resonance of the highest axial mode in the helico

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MENDONÇA, J. T., N. SHUKLA, D. P. RESENDES, and A. SERBETO. "Ion acoustic waves in expanding strongly coupled plasmas." Journal of Plasma Physics 79, no. 6 (2013): 1063–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022377813000810.

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AbstractWe consider the excitation and dispersion of ion acoustic waves in expanding ultracold plasmas, taking into account the influence of boundary conditions. A cylindrical plasma geometry is assumed. We show that temporal changes in the medium lead to a wave frequency shift, associated with an evolving radial and standing wave mode structure, and to the temporal change of the background plasma parameters. A non-collisional model for the cylindrical geometry is also proposed.

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33

Dhawan, Rajat, and Hitendra K. Malik. "Sheath formation mechanism in collisional electronegative warm plasma with two-temperature non-extensive distributed electrons and ionization." Journal of Applied Physics 133, no. 4 (2023): 043303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0120616.

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The sheath formation mechanism is modeled in a four-component collisional electronegative warm plasma considering the behavior of positive ions by fluid equations and of negative ions by the Boltzmann distribution, along with non-extensive distributions of hot and cold electrons. For a more realistic situation, the ion source term and the ionization rate are also included in the basic equations that are solved numerically by applying appropriate boundary conditions. A concept of sheath thickness measurement is established based on two approaches, namely, the zero-electron-density approach and

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34

Martínez-Gómez, D., B. Popescu Braileanu, E. Khomenko, and P. Hunana. "Simulations of the Biermann battery mechanism in two-fluid partially ionised plasmas." Astronomy & Astrophysics 650 (June 2021): A123. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202039113.

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Context. In the absence of an initial seed, the Biermann battery term of a non-ideal induction equation acts as a source that generates weak magnetic fields. These fields are then amplified via a dynamo mechanism. The Kelvin-Helmholtz instability is a fluid phenomenon that takes place in many astrophysical scenarios and can trigger the action of the Biermann battery and dynamo processes. Aims. We aim to investigate the effect of the ionisation degree of the plasma and the interaction between the charged and neutral species on the generation and amplification of magnetic fields during the diffe

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Leubner, M. P., and N. Schupfer. "A universal mirror wave-mode threshold condition for non-thermal space plasma environments." Nonlinear Processes in Geophysics 9, no. 2 (2002): 75–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/npg-9-75-2002.

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Abstract. Magnetic fluctuations are recognized in a large variety of space plasmas by increasingly high resolution, in situ observations as mirror wave mode structures. A typical requirement for the excitation of mirror modes is a dominant perpendicular pressure in a high-beta plasma environment. Contrary, we demonstrate from a realistic kinetic analysis how details of the velocity space distributions are of considerable significance for the instability threshold. Introducing the most common characteristics of observed ion and electron distributions by a mixed suprathermal-loss-cone, we derive

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Brickhouse, Nancy S., and Randall K. Smith. "Spectral Modeling with APEC." Highlights of Astronomy 13 (2005): 651–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1539299600016749.

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AbstractThe Astrophysical Plasma Emission Code (APEC) collaboration now provides public models for X-ray spectra of collisional equilibrium plasmas. These models facilitate the diagnosis of temperature, density, elemental abundance, charge state, and optical depth. We report benchmarking studies of the APEC models from the Emission Line Project, a project to test these models using high quality stellar coronal spectra. We discuss the implications of the benchmarked atomic data for non-equilibrium collisional models as well. Finally, we discuss the extension of APEC to other applications, such

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Singh, Arvinder, and Keshav Walia. "Self-focusing of laser beam in collisional plasma and its effect on Second Harmonic generation." Laser and Particle Beams 29, no. 4 (2011): 407–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263034611000504.

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AbstractThis paper presents an investigation of self-focusing of Gaussian laser beam in collisional plasma and its effect on second harmonic generation. Due to non-uniform heating, collisional non-linearity arises, which leads to redistribution of carriers and hence affects the plasma wave, which in turn affects the second harmonic generation. Effect of the intensity of the laser beam/plasma density on the harmonic yield is studied in detail. We have set up the non-linear differential equations for the beam width parameters of the main beam, plasma wave, second harmonic generation and second h

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LIU, SAN-QIU, and XIAO-CHANG CHEN. "Dispersion relation of transverse oscillation in relativistic plasmas with non-extensive distribution." Journal of Plasma Physics 77, no. 5 (2011): 653–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022377811000043.

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AbstractThe generalized dispersion equation for superluminal transverse oscillation in an unmagnetized, collisionless, isotropic and relativistic plasma with non-extensive q-distribution is derived. The analytical dispersion relation is obtained in an ultra-relativistic regime, which is related to q-parameter and temperature. In the limit q → 1, the result based on the relativistic Maxwellian distribution is recovered. Using the numerical method, we obtain the full dispersion curve that cannot be given by an analytic method. It is shown that the numerical solution is in good agreement with the

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Bultel, Arnaud, Vincent Morel, and Julien Annaloro. "Thermochemical Non-Equilibrium in Thermal Plasmas." Atoms 7, no. 1 (2019): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atoms7010005.

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In this paper, we analyze the departure from equilibrium in two specific types of thermal plasmas. The first type deals with the plasma produced during the atmospheric entry of a spatial vehicle in the upper layers of an atmosphere, specifically the one of Mars. The second type concerns the plasma produced during the laser-matter interaction above the breakdown threshold on a metallic sample. We successively describe the situation and give the way along which modeling tools are elaborated by avoiding any assumption on the thermochemical equilibrium. The key of the approach is to consider the e

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Tsunemi, H. "Non-Equilibrium Condition in the SNR." Symposium - International Astronomical Union 188 (1998): 39–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s007418090011438x.

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SNe are one of the major source of the heavy elements in Galaxy. They produced high temperature plasma heavily contaminated with heavy elements mixing with the interstellar matter. Due to the temperature and the density, the shock heated plasma does not reach the collisional ionization condition in young SNR, like Cassiopeia A, Tycho and Kepler. The emission is well represented with a non-equilibrium condition plasma.

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Bachmann, P. K., G. Gärtner, and H. Lydtin. "Plasma-Assisted Chemical Vapor Deposition Processes." MRS Bulletin 13, no. 12 (1988): 52–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/s0883769400063703.

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Over the past two decades a vast number of publications have emerged from laboratories all over the world, describing the application of plasmas for preparing and processing materials. MRS symposia, scientific journals and books, and complete conference series are solely devoted to this specific topic.Modern VLSI integrated circuits, for instance, would simply not exist without sophisticated plasma etching techniques. But highly reactive, partly ionized and dissociated, quasi-neutral gases—plasmas—are not only useful for etching purposes, i.e., the removal of materials. They are also very valu

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HUMPHREY, K. A., R. M. G. M. TRINES, D. C. SPEIRS, P. NORREYS, and R. BINGHAM. "The role of collisions on mode competition between the two-stream and Weibel instabilities." Journal of Plasma Physics 79, no. 6 (2013): 987–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022377813001177.

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AbstractWe present results from numerical simulations conducted to investigate a potential method for realizing the required fusion fuel heating in the fast ignition scheme to achieving inertial confinement fusion. A comparison will be made between collisionless and collisional particle-in-cell simulations of the relaxation of a non-thermal electron beam through the two-stream instability. The results presented demonstrate energy transfer to the plasma ion population from the laser-driven electron beam via the nonlinear wave–wave interaction associated with the two-stream instability. Evidence

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van Ninhuijs, M. A. W., J. Beckers, and O. J. Luiten. "Collisional microwave heating and wall interaction of an ultracold plasma in a resonant microwave cavity." New Journal of Physics 24, no. 6 (2022): 063022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/ac6c46.

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Abstract Recently, we introduced a resonant microwave cavity as a diagnostic tool for the study of ultracold plasmas (UCPs). This diagnostic allows us to study the electron dynamics of UCPs non-destructively, very fast, and with high sensitivity by measuring the shift in the resonance frequency of a cavity, induced by a plasma. However, in an attempt to theoretically predict the frequency shift using a Gaussian self-similar expansion model, a three times faster plasma decay was observed in the experiment than found in the model. For this, we proposed two causes: plasma–wall interactions and co

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de Avillez, Miguel A., Gervásio J. Anela, and Dieter Breitschwerdt. "Variability of the adiabatic parameter in monoatomic thermal and non-thermal plasmas." Astronomy & Astrophysics 616 (August 2018): A58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201832948.

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Context. Numerical models of the evolution of interstellar and integalactic plasmas often assume that the adiabatic parameter γ (the ratio of the specific heats) is constant (5/3 in monoatomic plasmas). However, γ is determined by the total internal energy of the plasma, which depends on the ionic and excitation state of the plasma. Hence, the adiabatic parameter may not be constant across the range of temperatures available in the interstellar medium. Aims. We aim to carry out detailed simulations of the thermal evolution of plasmas with Maxwell–Boltzmann and non-thermal (κ and n) electron di

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Carbone, Emile, Wouter Graef, Gerjan Hagelaar, et al. "Data Needs for Modeling Low-Temperature Non-Equilibrium Plasmas: The LXCat Project, History, Perspectives and a Tutorial." Atoms 9, no. 1 (2021): 16. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atoms9010016.

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Technologies based on non-equilibrium, low-temperature plasmas are ubiquitous in today’s society. Plasma modeling plays an essential role in their understanding, development and optimization. An accurate description of electron and ion collisions with neutrals and their transport is required to correctly describe plasma properties as a function of external parameters. LXCat is an open-access, web-based platform for storing, exchanging and manipulating data needed for modeling the electron and ion components of non-equilibrium, low-temperature plasmas. The data types supported by LXCat are elec

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Keenan, Brett D., and David J. Stark. "Faraday effect in collisional magnetized plasmas." Physics of Plasmas 30, no. 7 (2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0159061.

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Faraday rotation is a valuable diagnostic tool for investigating laboratory and astrophysical plasmas, but it has almost exclusively been treated in the collisionless limit (despite the non-negligible role of Coulomb collisions in many laboratory plasmas). Here, we show that Faraday rotation can occur in collisional plasmas and that the usual effect is curiously altered by collisions. Namely, an initially linearly polarized light wave—propagating parallel to a uniform magnetic field—becomes elliptically polarized in the collisional plasma, and collisional absorption of the wave also occurs. Mo

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Panarese, A., D. Bruno, P. Tolias, S. Ratynskaia, S. Longo, and U. de Angelis. "Molecular dynamics calculation of the spectral densities of plasma fluctuations." Journal of Plasma Physics 84, no. 3 (2018). http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022377818000491.

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Spectral densities of plasma fluctuations are calculated for the thermal case using classical molecular dynamics (MD) assuming Coulomb interactions and a short-range cutoff radius. The aim of the calculation is to verify limits and performances of such calculations in the light of possible generalizations, e.g. collisional or non-ideal plasmas. Results are presented for ideal, collisionless, fully ionized thermal plasmas. Comparison with the analytical theory reveals a generally satisfactory agreement with possibility for improvement when more strict numerical parameters are used albeit with a

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Kashif, Arshad, and Poedts Stefaan. "Ion acoustic wave damping in a non-Maxwellian bi-ion electron plasma in the presence of dust." August 29, 2017. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4995581.

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In this work, we investigate the properties of ion acoustic waves generated by negative heavy ions in a multi-component non-Maxwellian electrostatic plasma, consisting of electrons, positive and negative heavy ions, and a background population of dust particles. In the absence of external energy source and collisions, the ion acoustic waves are subject to Landau damping. We perform a collisionless linear instability analysis within a slow damping approximation and study the effect of various plasma conditions on the damping rate. Our model is highly relevant to multi-ion laboratory plasmas.

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Tahara, K., H. Asai, H. Nuga, and S. Murakami. "Influence of the beam-beam collisions on the energetic particle distribution in large helical device." Physics of Plasmas 30, no. 8 (2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0150236.

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The influence of Coulomb collisions between energetic particles in a neutral beam injection (NBI)-heated plasma is numerically investigated utilizing the improved collision operator for the orbit-following type of Monte Carlo codes. This nonlinear collision operator enables the collisional effect by non-Maxwellian plasmas including energetic particles to be taken into account. We have implemented it into GNET, one of the orbit-following Monte Carlo codes solving drift kinetic equation in the 5D phase-space, and performed simulations for tangentially injected NBI cases (beam energy: 180 keV), t

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Sharma, Prachi, and Michael Gedalin. "Non-specular ion reflection at quasiperpendicular collisionless shock front." Journal of Plasma Physics 89, no. 5 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1017/S002237782300096X.

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The structure of a collisionless shock affects ion motion in the shock front and is affected by the formed ion distribution. In high-Mach-number shocks, a significant fraction of incident ions are reflected by the macroscopic electric and magnetic fields in the shock front. Ions are non-specularly reflected by the combined electric deceleration and magnetic deflection. Here, a first analytical description of the non-specular reflection is presented. The contribution of the increasing magnetic field is evaluated and shown to enhance reflection. The distribution of non-specularly reflected ions

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