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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Plasmid Profile Analysis

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Academic literature on the topic 'Plasmid Profile Analysis'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 6 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Plasmid Profile Analysis"

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Olukoya, D. K., and O. Oni. "Plasmid profile analysis and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of shigella isolates from Nigeria." Epidemiology and Infection 105, no. 1 (August 1990): 59–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0950268800047646.

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SUMMARYIn an epidemiological survey, plasmid profiles and antimicrobial susceptibility testing of 100 shigella isolates in Lagos, Nigeria was done. All the isolates were sensitive to nalidixic acid, nitrofurantoin and ciprofloxacin. The commonest antimicrobial susceptibility pattern was resistance to ampicillin, colistin sulphate, co-trimoxazole, streptomycin and tetracycline. All but 4 of 100 isolates screened contained one or more plasmids. Plasmid profile analysis distinguished more strains than did antimicrobial susceptibility patterns. A total of 36 isolates was able to transfer resistance plasmids toEscherichia coliK-12 by conjugation. Usingin vitrotransformation, seven isolates transferred resistance. These plasmids specified resistance to tetracycline, streptomycin, sulphonamide, trimethoprim and ampicillin.

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Miljkovic-Selimovic, Biljana, Zorica Lepsanovic, Tatjana Babic, Branislava Kocic, and Gordana Randjelovic. "Plasmid profile analysis in identification of epidemic strains of Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis." Vojnosanitetski pregled 65, no. 4 (2008): 303–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/vsp0804303m.

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Background/Aim. As illness caused by Sallmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis (S. Enteritidis) occurs not only as sporadic cases but as outbreaks, to reveal the source and routes of spreading of infection it is necessary to identify epidemic strain by the use of some typing methods. To determine whether plasmid profile analysis, as genotyping method, could be applied for the investigation of epidemic strains, isolates of S. Enteritidis, recovered from patient's stools and food associated with outbreaks and those isolated from sporadic cases of diarrhea, were investigated. Methods. Investigation of antibiotic resistance was performed by Kirby - Bauer disc-diffusion method. Isolation of plasmid DNA was carried out by Birnboim and Dolly alkaline lysis method, modified by Ish-Horovitz. Results. Out of 276 izolates of S. Enteritidis 94 were isolated from patient's stools and food associated with outbreaks and 182 were isolated from sporadic cases of diarrhea. The presence of 12 plasmid profiles was established. An average correlation degree of plasmid profiles between the strains was 0.84, that implies high degree of similarity of plasmid profiles of epidemic and non- epidemic strains isolated at our geographic region for the given period of time. Conclusion. The strains of S. Enteritidis, isolated in outbreaks of enterocolitis as well as from spordic cases of diarrhea in the same period of time and at the same area, frequently exhibit the same plasmid profile characterized by a single plasmid of 38 MDa. Therefore, in most cases plasmid profile analysis is not valuable in the identification of epidemic strains of S. Enteritidis. However, for this purpose plasmid profile analysis could be used when drug-resistant strains of S. Enteritidis are isolated, as they often possess additional resistant plasmids what increases discrimination power of this method.

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Gebre-Yohannes, A., and B. S. Drasar. "Plasmid profiles of antibiotic-resistantShigella dysenteriaetypes 2, 3, 4, 6 and 7 isolated in Ethiopia during 1976–85." Epidemiology and Infection 105, no. 1 (August 1990): 65–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0950268800047658.

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SUMMARYPlasmid profile analysis by agarose gel electrophoresis was carried out on 37 drug-resistant strains ofShigella dysenteriaetypes 2, 3, 4, 6 and 7. These strains were collected between 1976 and 1985 in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.The plasmid profile ofS. dysenteriaetype 2 strains with R-type CSSuT did not show middle-sized plasmids likely to code for CSSuT resistance. All strains contained a large plasmid of about 120 megadaltons (MDa), and a cryptic plasmid of about 2·2 MDa. The plasmid profiles ofS. dysenteriaetype 3 with R-types ACSSuT, SSuT and SSu showed a 4·2 MDa SSu-determinant, which was demonstrated inEscherichia coliK12 recipients resulting from triparental crosses. The ACT determinant inS. dysenteriaetype 3 with R-type ACSSuT is probably chromosomally mediated. Cryptic plasmids of about 3·0 and 2·2 MDa were found in allS. dysenteriaetype 3 isolates. The 4·2 MDa plasmid featured prominently in the plasmid profiles ofS. dysenteriaetypes 4, 6 and 7 with R-types SSuT and SSu. However, this plasmid was not mobilizable by triparental crosses. There was a relative paucity of transferable plasmids in non-Shiga bacillus isolates. However, incompatibility group N plasmids, coding for tetracycline resistance, were detected.

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PICHEL, M., S. GONZÁLEZ FRAGA, R. TERRAGNO, J. MULKI, A. GENTILE, C. KREMER, A. M. MOLA, R. NOSEDA, and N. BINSZTEIN. "Analysis of clonal relationship amongShigella sonneiisolates circulating in Argentina." Epidemiology and Infection 135, no. 4 (September 26, 2006): 681–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0950268806007230.

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SUMMARYThirty-five isolates ofShigella sonneifrom patients with diarrhoea in three geographic regions of Argentina were examined for genetic diversity by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and plasmid profile. PFGE ofXbaI andBlnI DNA digests confirmed the occurrence of outbreaks in two regions caused by two separate predominant clones ofS. sonnei. The third region was characterized by three circulating clones, one of which was possibly associated with an outbreak. Similar plasmids were found in distinct clones and in one outbreak clone five different plasmid profiles were identified. Antimicrobial resistance of the isolates varied from fully susceptible to the agents tested, to resistance to cotrimoxazole, ampicillin and ciprofloxacin. Antibiotic resistance did not correlate with plasmid content. This information will form the basis for active surveillance of shigellosis in Argentina and elsewhere in the region through the PulseNet International Network.

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Gebre-Yohannes, A., and B. S. Drasar. "Molecular epidemiology of plasmid patterns inShigella flexneritypes 1–6." Epidemiology and Infection 107, no. 2 (October 1991): 321–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0950268800048962.

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SUMMARYA total of 123 drug-resistant and drug-sensitiveShigella flexneritypes 1–6, and theirEscherichia coliK12 transconjugants were used for plasmid profile analysis by agarose gel electrophoresis. Resistance factors (R-factors) were further characterized by incompatibility testing.The overall distribution of small plasmids inS. flexnerishowed that a cryptic plasmid of about 4·6 Kb was found in all serotypes, and a plasmid of about 4·2 Kb was found in serotypes 1–4.Shigella flexneritypes 2, 4 and 6 showed a 6·5 Kb plasmid which correlated with SSu-resistance. AllS. flexneriserotypes harboured large plasmids of about 217 Kb. Plasmid profile analysis ofS. flexneriin Ethiopia showed a high degree of uniformity within individual serotypes. However, there was a limited variability which, at times, could be useful for epidemiological investigation.Shigella flexneriserotypes 1–6 harboured resistance plasmids with diverse molecular weights but mostly belonging to incompatibility groups N and X.

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Marrie, Thomas J., Shaun Tyler, Gregory Bezanson, Charles Dendy, and Wendy Johnson. "Analysis of Legionella pneumophilaSerogroup 1 Isolates by Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis." Journal of Clinical Microbiology 37, no. 1 (1999): 251–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jcm.37.1.251-254.1999.

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At a hospital in Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada, three strains of Legionella pneumophila were detectable based on plasmid content, while the isolates collected at another hospital in Halifax had no plasmids. Genomic DNA was digested withBssHII, SalI, and SpeI and subjected to pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). We found no relationship between plasmid profile and PFGE pattern.

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Olsen, J. E., D. J. Brown, D. L. Baggesen, and M. Bisgaard. "Biochemical and molecular characterization ofSalmonella entericaserovarberta, and comparison of methods for typing." Epidemiology and Infection 108, no. 2 (April 1992): 243–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0950268800049724.

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SUMMARYStrains ofSalmonella entericaserovarberta(S. berta) from Denmark and seven other countries have been characterized with the aim of developing a rational typing strategy in connection with outbreak investigations.Biotyping divided the strains into H2S-positive (90%) and H2S-negative (10%) biovars. Six percent of the strains were resistant to one or more antimicrobial agents. Eighty-eight percent of the strains carried plasmids and 52 different plasmid profiles were recognized. Six of the common plasmid sizes in these profiles were shown by restriction enzyme analyses to contain more than one plasmid species. More than 90% of the strains had the same ribotype with the restriction enzymesSmaI andEcoR I and the same whole cell protein profile. Outer membrane protein profiles and isoenzyme profiles were identical in allS. bertaanalysed.Plasmid profiling in combination with restriction enzyme analysis of plasmids seemed to be the most rational typing strategy forS. berta. The results indicated thatS. bertastrains regardless of geographical source or host are possibly clonal in nature.

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Herchline, Thomas, and William Maher. "Plasmid Analysis of 26 Staphylococcal Species by a Rapid Microscale Technique." Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology 17, no. 10 (October 1996): 687–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0195941700003040.

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AbstractObjective:Evaluate a plasmid typing technique for a diverse group of staphylococci.Design:In vitro testing on known isolates.Setting:University hospital.Intervention:The plasmid content of 195 isolates representing 26 staphylococcal species was analyzed by agarose gel electrophoresis following lysostaphin-alkaline-SDS lysis, with and without acetone treatment.Results:Isolates yielded plasmid profiles with 0 to 7 extra-chromosomal bands (median, 1; 1.5); 171 (88%) had a profile with at least 1 band. Species with more than one isolate available for testing showed considerable diversity of plasmid profiles, except forStaphylococcus haemolyticus.Conclusions:The ease of the procedure and the diversity of plasmid profiles within each species examined suggests that plasmid profiling is an accessible and useful epidemiologic tool applicable to most staphylococcal species by epidemiologic units or clinical laboratories.

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BEN AISSA, R., and N. AL-GALLAS. "Molecular typing ofSalmonella entericaserovars Enteritidis, Corvallis, Anatum and Typhimurium from food and human stool samples in Tunisia, 2001–2004." Epidemiology and Infection 136, no. 4 (June 14, 2007): 468–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0950268807008916.

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SUMMARYDuring the period from 2001 to 2004, a total of 72 isolates ofSalmonella entericaserovars: Anatum (n=40), Enteritidis (n=18), Corvallis (n=8), and Typhimurium (n=6), of various origins (mainly food and diarrhoeagenic stool samples), were collected and further characterized by antibiotic resistance, plasmid analysis, and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Forty-five isolates presented multidrug resistance to antibiotics. Among which oneS. entericaserovar Anatum isolate was resistant to 11 antibiotics, and oneS. entericaserovar Typhimurium DT104 isolate was resistant to eight antibiotics. Plasmid profiling identified eight plasmid profiles (with 1–5 plasmids) among the isolates, of which one plasmid profile (P01) was predominant.XbaI PFGE analysis revealed the presence of a predominant clone of the four studiedSalmonellaserovars circulating in Tunisia throughout the years 2001–2004.

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Pedersen, K., T. Tiainen, and J. L. Larsen. "Plasmid profiles, restriction fragment length polymorphisms and O-serotypes amongVibrio anguillarumisolates." Epidemiology and Infection 117, no. 3 (December 1996): 471–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0950268800059136.

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SummaryA total of 279Vibrio anguillarumstrains were serotyped and examined for plasmid content. Plasmids were subjected to digestion with restriction enzymes. Most strains belonged to serogroup O1 (39%) and O2 (16%). In total 164 strains (53%) carried plasmids. Of the O1 and O2 isolates, 92% and 30%, respectively, carried one or more plasmids. Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis of plasmid DNA indicated that plasmids belonged to several groups. Each group seemed to be restricted to a single O-serovar. The largest group was the pJM1-like plasmids among most serovar O1 strains. Most of these plasmids were about 67 kb like the pJM1 plasmid, but various derivatives ranged from 26–77 kb. RFLP studies of the 67 kb plasmids revealed 17 different restriction patterns. Some patterns were dominant among European strains whereas others were dominant among North American strains. The results confirmed the applicability of O-serotyping together with plasmid profile and restriction analysis of plasmids for typing ofV. anguillarum. They also indicated that plasmids among strains which belonged to the traditional fish pathogenic serogroups, O1 and O2, showed more homology than did strains from most other serogroups, that were usually non-pathogenic, environmental bacteria.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Plasmid Profile Analysis"

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Yin, Yalei. "Analysis of transgene expression profile-dependent induction of transgene-specific immune response." 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/192152.

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Matte, Maria Helena. "Ribotipagem de Aeromonas hydrophila, Aeromonas caviae, Aeromonas sobria e Aeromonas jandaei, potencialmente patogênicas, isoladas de amostras de água do reservatório de Guarapiranga, São Paulo." Universidade de São Paulo, 1996. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/6/6135/tde-26092014-112543/.

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Neste estudo 60 cepas de Aeromonas, 15 A. hydrophila, 15 A. caviae, 15 A. sobria e 15 A. jandaei, isoladas de 5 diferentes pontos do reservatório de Guarapiranga, São Paulo, e previamente testada quanto à produção de fatores de virulência, acúmulo de fluído em alça ligada e hemólise em ágar sangue, foram submetidas a ribotipagem e a análise do perfil plasmidial. Cada cepa apresentou um perfil de ribotipagem diferente tendo-se observado para as espécies A. hydrophila e A. caviae a diferenciação em 3 agrupamentos, e A. sobria e A. jandaei dois agrupamentos cada. A análise do perfil plasmidial demonstrou que 13,4 por cento das A. hydrophila apresentaram um ou no máximo 2 plasmídios, enquanto 33,3 por cento das A. sobria e 53,3 por cento das A. jandaei apresentaram de 1 a 6 plasmídios para cada espécie; A. caviae não apresentou cepas contendo plasmídios. Não foi observada correlação entre a presença de plasmídios e a produção de fatores de virulência pelas cepas estudadas. A ribotipagem demonstrou haver um polimorfismo genômico dentro de uma mesma espécie de Aeromollas e, ainda, diferenciou cepas isoladas de um mesmo ponto de amostragem. Estas metodologias, ribotipagem e análise do perfil plasmidial, apresentam em geral características que são complementares, demonstrando ser ferramentas importantes a serem empregadas, tanto em estudos epidemiológicos como ecológicos.
In this work 60 Aeromonas strains, 15 A. hydrophila, 15 A. caviae, 15 A. sobria and 15 A. jandaei isolated from 5 different points of Guarapiranga Dam, São Paulo, and previously tested for virulence factors production (ileal loop assay and hemolysis on blood agar) were submitted to ribotyping and plasmidial profiles analysis. Each strain showed a different ribopattern and there were observed that for A. hydrophila and A. caviae each specie were grouped in 3 ribotypes, A. sobria and A. jandaei in 2 ribotype each. Plasmidial profiles analysis demonstrated that 13,4 per cent af A. hydrophila had at least one but no more than 2 plasmids, 33,3 per cent of A. sobria and 53,3 per cent af A. jandaei had from one to 6 plasmids each, and A. caviae didn\'t show to have any plasmids. There were not observed correlation between presence of plasmids and virulence factor production. Ribotyping showed that there are genomic polymorphism within the same Aeromonas specie and differentiate strains that were isolated from the same sample point, indicating that those methodologies have in general characteristics that are complementary and are important tools to be used either in epidemiological or ecological studies.

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Fukumoto, Hiroshi. "Model Analysis of Plasma-Surface Interactions during Silicon Oxide Etching in Fluorocarbon Plasmas." 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/158076.

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Irishkin, Maxim. "Comparaison automatisée de reconstructions Bayésiennes de profils expérimentaux avec des modèles physiques." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AIXM4742.

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Dans ce travail, nous avons développé un système expert qui intègre les fonctions suivantes :i) l'identification des profils à partir des mesures sur les plasmas de tokamak, par les méthodes bayésiennes; ii) La prédiction des quantités reconstruites, selon les modèles choisis et; iii) une comparaison intelligente des résultats provenant des deux premières étapes. Ce système comprend une vérification systématique de la cohérence interne des quantités reconstruites, permet la validation automatique des modèles. Avec un modèle validé, il peut aider à la détection de nouveaux effets physique dans une expérience. Trois applications de ce système sont présentées dans ce travail. Le système expert peut détecter automatiquement les défauts dans la reconstruction des profils et fournir (lorsque la reconstruction est valide) des statistiques sur l'accord des modèles avec les données expérimentales, c'est à dire des informations sur la validité du modèle
In this work we developed an expert system that carries out in an integrated and fully automated way i) a reconstruction of plasma profiles from the measurements, using Bayesian analysis ii) a prediction of the reconstructed quantities, according to some models and iii) an intelligent comparison of the first two steps. This system includes systematic checking of the internal consistency of the reconstructed quantities, enables automated model validation and, if a well-validated model is used, can be applied to help detecting interesting new physics in an experiment. The work shows three applications of this quite general system. The expert system can successfully detect failures in the automated plasma reconstruction and provide (on successful reconstruction cases) statistics of agreement of the models with the experimental data, i.e. information on the model validity

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Mohammadzadeh, Abdolmajid. "Cytotoxic activity, virulence plasmid profiles and comparative proteomic analysis of Campylobacter jejuni strains." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2006. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/9057/.

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Human disease due to food-borne pathogens remains a medical problem worldwide. Campylobacter jejuni is the most common cause of bacterial food-borne diarrhoeal disease, but the mechanisms by which it causes disease remain unclear. This bacterium is also the most common antecedent to the peripheral neuropathies Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS) and Miller-Fisher syndrome (MFS). The main aim of this project was to compare cytotoxicity of isolates of C. jejuni towards mammalian cells in culture, to purify any cytotoxic activity and to compare strains by plasmid and proteomic analysis. Using the API Campy identification kit, 37 of the 39 strains were identified as C. jejuni jejuni serotype 1 or 2 with identification (ID) scores > 98.3%; and two strains were identified as C. jejuni jejuni 1 with ID scores of 88.3%. GOT (Gamma Glutamyl Transferase) test was the most important test to differentiate between C. jejuni jejuni 1 and 2 which showed negative and positive results, respectively. The cytotoxic activity against Vero and Caco-2 cells of some of the typed strains of C. jejuni was tested. Cytotoxic activity was clearly demonstrated using Vero and Caco-2 cells and these activities peaked after incubation of the cell culture with sample for 16h. Comparison of wild-type strains 81-176 and 11168 with mutants of these strains lacking cytolethal distending toxin (CDT) or putative haemolysin or phospholipase toxins indicated that the toxicity observed was not due to any of these proteins, as cytotoxicity was unaffected by their absence. Some isolates (e.g. C0L12) showed low cytotoxicity while others, especially C. jejuni 81-176, consistently produced high cytotoxin activity which was heat-labile and lethal to tissue culture cells. Cytotoxicity comparisons of inner and outer membrane preparations with a cytoplasmic fraction of C. jejuni strain 81-176 and C0L12 indicated that greatest activity was found in the inner membrane fraction. Proteins in the membrane preparation could not be easily fractionated and cell-free extracts of strains with low (COL12) and high (81-176) cytotoxic effects were chosen for further purification and characterisation studies. Although some differences were detected after DEAE- Sepharose fractionation and two-dimensional electrophoretic (2-DE) separation of proteins, no individual proteins could be clearly related to cytotoxicity. However, proteomic analysis did reveal some interesting properties of the C. jejuni strains. Of the proteins characterised by mass spectrometry after 2-DE, oxidoreductases were the most frequently identified in the virulent strain 81-176, but not in the type strain 11168. There was no apparent correlation between toxin production and clinical symptoms in patients from whom the strains were isolated. The study indicated that not all C. jejuni strains tested produced cytotoxin (s), but that cytotoxin producers seemed to be predominantly human strains. The presence of virB11 and tetO genes carried by plasmids was examined by PCR in the 39 C. jejuni isolates together with strains 81-176 and NCTC 11168. Detection rates for the virB11 and tetO genes in the clinical isolates were 28.2% and 12.82%, respectively.

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Simm, Thomas. "The use of diffraction peak profile analysis in studying the plastic deformation of metals." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2013. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/the-use-of-diffraction-peak-profile-analysis-in-studying-the-plastic-deformation-of-metals(5e4f71e2-2ac7-4afe-b7c7-7a42a936c50c).html.

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Analysis of the shapes of diffraction peak profiles (DPPA) is a widely used method for characterising the microstructure of crystalline materials. The DPPA method can be used to determine details about a sample that include, the micro-strain, crystal size or dislocation cell size, dislocation density and arrangement, quantity of planar faults and dislocation slip system population.The main aim of this thesis is to evaluate the use of DPPA in studying the deformation of metals. The alloys studied are uni-axially deformed samples of nickel alloy, nickel-200, 304 and 316 stainless steel alloys and titanium alloys, Ti-6Al-4V and grade 2 CP-titanium.A number of DPPA methods were applied to these metals: a full-width method; a method that attributes size and strain broadening to the Lorentzian and Gaussian integral breadth of a Voigt; different forms of the variance method; the Williamson-Hall method; the alternative method; and variations of the Warren-Averbach method. It is found that in general the parameters calculated using the different methods qualitatively agree with the expectations and differences in the deformation of the different metals. For example, the dislocation density values found for all metals, are approximately the same as would be expected from TEM results on similar alloys. However, the meaning of the results are ambiguous, which makes it difficult to use them to characterise a metal. The most useful value that can be used to describe the state of a metal is the full-width. For a more detailed analysis the Warren-Averbach method in a particular form, the log format fitted to individual Fourier coefficients, is the most useful method.It was found that the shape of different diffraction peaks change in different texture components. These changes were found to be different for the different metals. A method to calculate the shape of diffraction peaks, in different texture components, using a polycrystal plasticity models was investigated. It was found that for FCC metals, the use of a Taylor model was able to qualitatively predict the changes in the shape of diffraction peaks, measured in different texture components. Whereas, for titanium alloys, a model which used the Schmid factor was able to qualitatively explain the changes. The differences in the FCC alloys was attributed to being due to differences in the stacking fault energy of the alloys. For nickel, which develops a heterogeneous cell structure, an additional term describing changes in the crystal size in different orientations is required. The differences between the titanium alloys were shown to be due the presence of twinning in CP-titanium and not in Ti-6Al-4V. This difference was thought to cause an additional broadening due to variations in intergranular strains in twinned and non-twinned regions. The use of polycrystal plasticity models, to explain the shape of diffraction peaks, raises questions as to the validity of some of the fundamental assumptions made in the use of most DPPA methods.

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Osano, Yugo. "An atomic scale model of plasma-surface interactions and numerical analysis of the feature profile evolution during silicon etching in chlorine-containing plasmas." 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/136158.

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Tsuda, Hirotaka. "Atomic-Scale Analysis of Plasma-Surface Interactions and Formation Mechanisms of Profile Anomalies and Surface Roughness during Plasma Etching of Silicon." 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/179356.

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Masada, Teruhisa. "Structural performance of profile-wall plastic pipes under relatively shallow soil cover and subjected to large surface load." Ohio : Ohio University, 1996. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1174611925.

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Worley, Jennifer Lee. "Evaluation of Dechlorinating Agents and Disposable Containers for Odor Testing of Drinking Water." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/9764.

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As the bottled water trend continues to rise across the nation, drinking water utilities have become more concerned with ensuring consumer satisfaction of their product. Although public water supplies are safeguarded by regulations, aesthetically unappealing taste-and-odor problems have led consumers to search for alternative water sources, such as bottled water or tap water processed by point-of-use filters. Consequently, taste-and-odor monitoring has become important to the drinking water industry. Because many utilities use chlorine to disinfect the water, chlorine odor often masks other more subtle odors that may eventually cause consumer complaints. As treated water travels from the water treatment plant to the consumer, chlorine residual diminishes and may reveal a water's naturally less-pleasing odors. Consequently, odor monitoring at the water treatment plant, where chlorine concentrations are at a peak, may not identify potential displeasing smells. Proper evaluation of these odor-causing substances requires that the chlorine odor first be eliminated before evaluating any remaining odors. Dechlorinating agents can remove chlorine, but some will produce other unwanted odors or even remove certain odorous compounds. This research describes the efficiency of several of these agents (ascorbic acid, hydrogen peroxide, oxalic acid, sodium nitrite, and sodium thiosulfate) in dechlorinating chlorinated solutions of the earthy-smelling compound geosmin and musty-smelling MIB. Interfering odors in reusable containers pose another problem in drinking water odor analysis. The most common odor-analysis methods (TON and FPA) involve the use of glass flasks, which often either develop chalky odors or have persistent lingering odors from previous evaluations. Furthermore the glass flasks break easily and are difficult to clean. This research also evaluates the suitability of four types of disposable plastic containers for odor analyses.
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Books on the topic "Plasmid Profile Analysis"

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Brockman, Fred J. Application of plasmid profile analysis and transposon markers for studying the diversity and ecology of Rhizobium leguminosarum. 1987.

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Duran, Marinus, and Isabel Tavares de Almeida. Interpretation of Acylcarnitine Analysis Results. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199972135.003.0085.

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The analysis of acylcarnitines in plasma or blood spot samples by tandem mass spectrometry will detect all 15 defects of mitochondrial fatty acid beta-oxidation, although false negative results may occur in well-fed, non-fasting patients. Moreover, more than 20 organic acidemias can be detected by this methodological approach. An acylcarnitine profile should be part of the work-up of patients presenting with rhabdomyolysis and/or hypoglycemia and adults with an unexplained leukoencephalopathy. Cases with abnormal acylcarnitines require an analysis of urine organic acids as well as enzyme activity evaluation and molecular investigations to confirm the inherited defect.

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Weil, Andrew. Integrative Environmental Medicine. Edited by Aly Cohen and Frederick S. vom Saal. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190490911.001.0001.

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Integrative Environmental Medicine looks at the history and changing landscape of environmental issues in the United States, including water supply, air quality, extensive plastic pollution, harmful chemicals in cleaning and personal care products, radiofrequency radiation, food additives, pesticides, and medications. The unique properties of compounds such as endocrine-disrupting chemicals are explored along with their ability to disturb the body’s normal signaling pathways, genetic profile, and gut microbiome. Resulting molecular derangements promote thyroid and other autoimmune diseases, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, cancer, and influence developmental problems in children. Analysis of current research identifies ways to reduce exposures and health risks, improve regulations and appropriate testing for chemicals, remediate environmental pollution, and design healthier products for the future. Best practices are considered for clinicians to ascertain exposure history, test for toxins, and teach patients how to avoid harmful exposures. Patients will be prepared and empowered with information about healthier food choices and cooking practices, appropriate supplement use, water filtration, cleaning and personal care product selection, improved sleep, stress reduction, sauna, fasting, chelation, safe cell phone use, and other means of reducing harmful environmental exposures. Solutions at every level require interdisciplinary collaboration to advance assessment, design, stewardship, and regulation of chemicals to promote environmental and human health.

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Book chapters on the topic "Plasmid Profile Analysis"

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Hashem, F. M., L. D. Kuykendall, S. E. Udell, and P. M. Thomas. "Phage susceptibility and plasmid profile analysis of Sinorhizobium fredii." In Current Issues in Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation, 127–34. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-5700-1_18.

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Burattini, Roberto, Fabrizio Casagrande, Francesco Di Nardo, Massimo Boemi, and Pierpaolo Morosini. "Insulin Sensitivity and Plasma Glucose Appearance Profile by Oral Minimal Model in Normotensive and Normoglycemic Humans." In Biological and Medical Data Analysis, 128–36. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/11946465_12.

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Sonntag, Johanna, Heiko Mannsperger, Anika Jöcker, and Ulrike Korf. "Microspot Immunoassay-Based Analysis of Plasma Protein Profiles for Biomarker Discovery Strategies." In Methods in Molecular Biology, 237–45. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-61779-286-1_16.

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Gubicza, Jen, Dániel Fátay, Krisztián Nyilas, Elena Bastarash, Sergey Dobatkin, and Tamás Ungár. "X-Ray Peak Profile Analysis on the Microstructure of Al-5.9%Mg-0.3%Sc-0.18%Zr Alloy Deformed by High Pressure Torsion Straining." In Nanomaterials by Severe Plastic Deformation, 420–25. Weinheim, FRG: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/3527602461.ch7d.

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Ungár, T., I. Alexandrov, and P. Hanák. "Grain and Subgrain Size-Distribution and Dislocation Densities in Severely Deformed Copper Determined by a New Procedure of X-Ray Line Profile Analysis." In Investigations and Applications of Severe Plastic Deformation, 133–38. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-4062-1_18.

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Heiner-Fokkema, M. Rebecca, Frédéric M. Vaz, Ronald Maatman, Leo A. J. Kluijtmans, Francjan J. van Spronsen, and Dirk-Jan Reijngoud. "Reliable Diagnosis of Carnitine Palmitoyltransferase Type IA Deficiency by Analysis of Plasma Acylcarnitine Profiles." In JIMD Reports, 33–39. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/8904_2016_564.

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Ungár, T. "Size Distribution of Grains or Subgrains, Dislocation Density and Dislocation Character by Using the Dislocation Model of Strain Anisotropy in X-Ray Line Profile Analysis." In Investigations and Applications of Severe Plastic Deformation, 93–102. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-4062-1_12.

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Schafler, E., M. Zehetbauer, P. Hanak, T. Ungar, T. Hebesberger, R. Pippan, B. Mingler, H. P. Karnthaler, H. Amenitsch, and S. Bernstorff. "Fragmentation in Large Strain Cold Rolled Aluminium as Observed by Synchrotron X-Ray Bragg Peak Profile Analysis (SXPA), Electron Back Scatter Patterning (EBSP) and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM)." In Investigations and Applications of Severe Plastic Deformation, 163–71. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-4062-1_22.

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Ruhaak, L. Renee, Carolin Huhn, Carolien A. M. Koeleman, André M. Deelder, and Manfred Wuhrer. "Robust and High-Throughput Sample Preparation for (Semi-)Quantitative Analysis of N-Glycosylation Profiles from Plasma Samples." In Methods in Molecular Biology, 371–85. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-61779-885-6_23.

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Bhowmik, Mrinal, Payal Banerjee, and Manoj Kumar Bhowmik. "A Theoretical Study of Thermal Stress for Engineering Applications." In Applications and Techniques for Experimental Stress Analysis, 176–201. IGI Global, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-1690-4.ch012.

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The stress generated due to the temperature difference is called thermal stress. Generally, the temperature gradients, thermal shocks, and thermal expansion or contraction are most effective contributors to thermal stress. The improper temperature profile of a body results in the formation of cracks, fractures, or plastic deformations at single or multiple spots depending upon two factors (i.e., the magnitude of temperature distribution or other variables of heating and material properties). So, this chapter analyses the causes of thermal stress and their measurement techniques. However, as most of the engineering problems, the thermal stress is due to the thermal expansion or sudden temperature changes happening in the body. Therefore, a brief analysis of temperature measurement devices with their proper data capturing methodology is also discussed.

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Conference papers on the topic "Plasmid Profile Analysis"

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Ba˘rbiˆnt¸a˘, Constantin I., Sulleyman Yaldiz, Alina Dragomir, and Spiridon S. Cret¸u. "An Elastic-Plastic Solver of the Wheel-Rail Contact." In ASME 2010 10th Biennial Conference on Engineering Systems Design and Analysis. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/esda2010-24793.

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Wheel and rail in service undergo continual wear and plastic deformation at the surface, so that in time all wheel profiles will be different. The optimization by grinding a worn rail profile to minimize contact stresses requires the development of a software to reconstruct a rail profile using circular arcs. A working algorithm, able to be incorporated into a computer code, has been developed to solve the stress state in the general case of non-Hertzian contacts. To limit the pressure, an elastic-perfect plastic material has been incorporated into the computer code. The pressure distribution and the corresponding stresses states have been investigated for pure normal loadings, as well as for the combined, normal and tangential loadings. The elastic-plastic analysis model allows fast investigations regarding the influence of different parameters such as load level, contact geometry including the geometry of the worn profiles.

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Niu, R. J., and P. Huang. "Numerical Analysis for Influence of Plastic and Elastic Deformation of Rough Surfaces on PEHL for Line Contacts." In ASME 2005 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2005-80314.

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In the present paper, analysis of elasto-plasto-hydrodynamic lubrication (PEHL) in the line contact is carried out to investigate the effect of heavily loaded roll-over on the change in profile of indents. The pressure and film thickness profiles are obtained to solve the Reynolds and film thickness equations simultaneously. And, both the elastic and plastic deformations of the contact, featured with an indent, have been considered. A multi-grid numerical algorithm used in EHL of line contacts is modified and then used for the oil lubricated rolling contacts. In the program, stress and plastic deformation of the indent profile are calculated with the hardening plastic stress-strain relationship according to the theories of plasticity when pressure excesses the yield stress. The results, with and without considering plastic deformation, are compared to show the different influences on the pressure and film thickness. Analysis shows that since the plastic deformation will change the surface roughness, it will significantly change the pressure but film thickness.

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Creţu, Spiridon S., and Marcelin I. Benchea. "An Elastic-Plastic Analysis of Profile Evolution in Cylindrical Roller Bearings." In ASME 2012 11th Biennial Conference on Engineering Systems Design and Analysis. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/esda2012-82491.

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The roller profile appears to be the key element to attain a longer rating life for both cylindrical and tapered roller bearings. A genuine elastic analysis is able to optimize the roller profile to obtain a stress distribution in the contact zones that provides enhanced operational reliability and greater insensitivity to misalignment. For traditional cylindrical-crowned roller profile design class I discontinuities exist at the intersection points of roller profile with the crowning radius as well as at the end chamfer. In an elastic analysis these discontinuities generate very sharp increases in pressure distribution diminishing the rating life of the bearing. In fact, these local increases in pressure distribution are able to overcome, locally, the yield limit and to induce both plastic deformations and residual stresses. After a certain number of cycles the material will shakedown elastically to a slightly modified roller profile and a stable state of compressive residual stresses. If were taken place, these changes have to be considered in the life evaluation. An analysis model has been developed to simulate the nonlinear strain rate dependent deformation of rolling bearing steel stressed in the elastic-plastic domain. The model is developed in the frame of the incremental theory of plasticity by using the von Mises yield criterion and Prandtl-Reuss equations. By considering an isotropic and non-linear kinematic hardening laws the model accounts for the cyclic hardening phenomena. For each new load increment new increments for the components of stress and strain tensors, but also increments of residual stresses, are computed for each point of the 3D mesh. Both the new contact geometry and residual stresses distributions, are further considered as initial values for the next loading cycle, the incremental technique being reiterated. The cyclic evaluation process of both the plastic strains and residual stresses is performed until the material shakedowns. For the case of cylindrical roller bearings with cylindrical-crowned roller profile, the role played by the crowning geometry on pressure distribution is pointed out for both the elastic analysis and elastic-plastic analysis. Further, the modified rating lives are evaluated using the methodology given in ISO 16281-2008.

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Lei, Duan, Zhang Yang, Jin Gang, and Huo Wenguo. "Thermal stress analysis of calibrating and cooling process for plastic profile in calibrator." In 2016 IEEE International Conference of Online Analysis and Computing Science (ICOACS). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icoacs.2016.7563118.

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Yukinori Sakiyama, David B. Graves, Julien Jarrige, and Mounir Laroussi. "Finite element analysis of ring-shaped emission profile in plasma bullet." In 2009 IEEE 36th International Conference on Plasma Science (ICOPS). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/plasma.2009.5227276.

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Sakiyama, Yukinori, David B. Graves, Julien Jarrige, and Mounir Laroussi. "Finite element analysis of ring-shaped emission profile in plasma bullet." In 2010 IEEE 37th International Conference on Plasma Sciences (ICOPS). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/plasma.2010.5534432.

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Song, Tae-Kwang, Ji-Soo Kim, Chang-Young Oh, Hong-Yeol Bae, Jun-Young Jeon, Yun-Jae Kim, and Young-Suck Chai. "Through-Thickness Welding Residual Stress Profile in Dissimilar Metal Nozzle Butt Weld." In ASME 2010 Pressure Vessels and Piping Division/K-PVP Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2010-25259.

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This paper provides the through-thickness welding residual stress profile in dissimilar metal nozzle butt welds of pressurized water reactors. For systematic investigations of the effects of geometric variables, i.e. the thickness and the radius of the nozzle and the length of the safe end, on welding residual stresses, idealized shape of nozzle is proposed and elastic-plastic thermo-mechanical finite element analyses are conducted. Through-wall welding residual stress profiles for dissimilar metal nozzle butt welds are proposed, which take a modified form of existing welding residual stress profiles developed for austenitic pipe butt weld in R6 code.

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Agresti, J., I. Osticioli, A. A. Mencaglia, and S. Siano. "Laser-induced plasma spectroscopy depth profile analysis: a contribution to authentication." In SPIE Optical Metrology 2013, edited by Luca Pezzati and Piotr Targowski. SPIE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2020701.

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Lerche, E. A., D. Van Eester, Philip M. Ryan, and David Rasmussen. "Improved break-in-slope analysis for the estimation of power deposition profiles in JET." In RADIO FREQUENCY POWER IN PLASMAS: 17th Topical Conference on Radio Frequency Power in Plasmas. AIP, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2800537.

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Zhang, T., Z. Qiu, Y. Bao, D. T. Gawne, and K. Zhang. "Temperature Profiles and Thermal Stress Analysis of Plasma Sprayed Glass-Composite Coatings." In ITSC 2000, edited by Christopher C. Berndt. ASM International, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.itsc2000p0355.

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Abstract Experimental measurements have been carried out with the aim of investigating the residual stresses generated during plasma spray deposition of glass composite coatings. The research shows that the behaviour of these materials is fundamentally different from metals and ceramics. The quench stress in the glass composites can be eliminated by plasma-scanning. This is attributed to their low glass transition temperatures, which enable the stresses to be completely relaxed. The work also shows that the addition of alumina as a second phase allows the expansion mismatch between the coating and the steel substrate to be controlled. Control of the second-phase volume-fraction enables the residual stress in the composite coatings to be reduced to zero. Real-time measurements on deflection and temperature show that the dimensions of the substrate, plasma operating conditions and scanning rate have substantial effects on the temperature profiles within the deposits. Keywords: glass composite coatings, thermal stress, plasma spraying.

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Reports on the topic "Plasmid Profile Analysis"

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Imre, K. Growth curve analysis for plasma profiles using smoothing splines. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6422291.

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Imre, K. Growth curve analysis for plasma profiles using smoothing splines. Final report, January 1993--January 1995. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/93771.

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Imre, K. Growth curve analysis for plasma profiles using smoothing splines. Annual progress report, June 1992--June 1993. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10159533.

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