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Journal articles on the topic 'Plasmoids'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 28 March 2023

Last updated: 25 July 2025

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1

Christie, I. M., M. Petropoulou, L. Sironi, and D. Giannios. "Interplasmoid Compton scattering and the Compton dominance of BL Lacs." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 492, no. 1 (2019): 549–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stz3265.

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ABSTRACT Blazar emission models based on magnetic reconnection succeed in reproducing many observed spectral and temporal features, including the short-duration luminous flaring events. Plasmoids, a self-consistent by-product of the tearing instability in the reconnection layer, can be the main source of blazar emission. Kinetic simulations of relativistic reconnection have demonstrated that plasmoids are characterized by rough energy equipartition between their radiating particles and magnetic fields. This is the main reason behind the apparent shortcoming of plasmoid-dominated emission model

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2

Ahmad, Nisar, Ping Zhu, Chao Shen, Ahmad Ali, and Shiyong Zeng. "Viscous Effects on Nonlinear Double Tearing Mode and Plasmoid Formation in Adjacent Harris Sheets." Magnetochemistry 9, no. 9 (2023): 205. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/magnetochemistry9090205.

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In this paper, we study the effects of viscosity on the evolution of the double tearing mode (DTM) in a pair of adjacent Harris sheets based on the resistive MHD model in the NIMROD code. Similar to the tearing mode in the conventional single Harris sheet, a transition is observed in the generation of both normal and monster plasmoids at Prandtl number Pr=1. In the Pr<1 regime of the DTM, normal plasmoids (small plasmoids) are generated along with monster plasmoid, whereas in the single tearing mode (STM) cases, such a generation is not observed. When Pr is above the critical value, the gen

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3

Suzuki, Y., T. H. Watanabe, A. Kageyama, T. Sato, and T. Hayashi. "Three-Dimensional Simulation Study of Plasmoid Injection into Magnetized Plasma." Symposium - International Astronomical Union 188 (1998): 209–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0074180900114780.

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Resent observations suggest that, during solar flares, plasmoids are injected into the interplanetary medium (Stewart et al., 1982). It has also been pointed out that solar wind irregularities modeled as plasmoids are penetrated into the magnetosphere (Lemaire, 1977). These plasmoid injections are considered to be an important process because they transfer mass, momentum, and energy into such magnetized plasma regions. Our objective is to investigate the dynamics of a plasmoid, which is injected into a magnetized plasma region and to reveal mechanisms to transfer them. To achieve this, we carr

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4

Honkonen, I., M. Palmroth, T. I. Pulkkinen, P. Janhunen, and A. Aikio. "On large plasmoid formation in a global magnetohydrodynamic simulation." Annales Geophysicae 29, no. 1 (2011): 167–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/angeo-29-167-2011.

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Abstract. We investigate plasmoid formation in the magnetotail using the global magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulation GUMICS-4. Here a plasmoid implies a major reconfiguration of the magnetotail where a part of the tail plasma sheet is ejected downstream, in contrast to small Earthward-propagating plasmoids. We define a plasmoid based solely on the structure of the closed (connected to the Earth at both ends) magnetic field line region. In this definition a plasmoid is partly separated from the ordinary closed field line region by lobe field lines or interplanetary field lines resulting from lo

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Patel, Ritesh, Vaibhav Pant, Kalugodu Chandrashekhar, and Dipankar Banerjee. "A statistical study of plasmoids associated with a post-CME current sheet." Astronomy & Astrophysics 644 (December 2020): A158. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202039000.

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Context. Coronal mass ejections (CMEs) are often observed to be accompanied by flare, current sheets, and plasmoids/plasma blobs. 2D and 3D numerical simulations and observations reported plasmoids moving upward as well as downward along the current sheet. Aims. We aim to investigate the properties of plasmoids observed in the current sheet formed after an X-8.3 flare and followed by a fast CME eruption on September 10, 2017 using extreme-ultraviolet (EUV) and white-light coronagraph images. The main goal is to understand the evolution of plasmoids in different spatio-temporal scales using exi

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6

Lemaire, J. "Plasmoid motion across a tangential discontinuity (with application to the magnetopause)." Journal of Plasma Physics 33, no. 3 (1985): 425–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022377800002592.

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The motion of a plasmoid (plasma-field entity) across an inhomogeneous magnetic field distribution of which the direction and strength change along the penetration trajectory has been studied. The bulk velocity decreases when the plasma element penetrates into a region of increasing magnetic field. The critical magnetic field intensity where a plasmoid is stopped or deflected is found to be the same critical field as that which has been observed in laboratory experiments for a non-rotating B-field distribution. The polarization electric field induced inside a moving plasma element has been det

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Cerutti, Benoît, and Gwenael Giacinti. "Formation of giant plasmoids at the pulsar wind termination shock: A possible origin of the inner-ring knots in the Crab Nebula." Astronomy & Astrophysics 656 (December 2021): A91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202142178.

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Context. Nearby pulsar wind nebulae exhibit complex morphological features: jets, torus, arcs, and knots. These structures are well captured and understood in the scope of global magnetohydrodynamic models. However, the origin of knots in the inner radius of the Crab Nebula remains elusive. Aims. In this work, we investigate the dynamics of the shock front and downstream flow with a special emphasis on the reconnecting equatorial current sheet. We examine whether giant plasmoids produced in the reconnection process could be good candidates for the knots. Methods. To this end, we perform large

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8

Markidis, S., P. Henri, G. Lapenta, et al. "Collisionless magnetic reconnection in a plasmoid chain." Nonlinear Processes in Geophysics 19, no. 1 (2012): 145–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/npg-19-145-2012.

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Abstract. The kinetic features of plasmoid chain formation and evolution are investigated by two dimensional Particle-in-Cell simulations. Magnetic reconnection is initiated in multiple X points by the tearing instability. Plasmoids form and grow in size by continuously coalescing. Each chain plasmoid exhibits a strong out-of plane core magnetic field and an out-of-plane electron current that drives the coalescing process. The disappearance of the X points in the coalescence process are due to anti-reconnection, a magnetic reconnection where the plasma inflow and outflow are reversed with resp

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9

Dubowsky, Scott E., Amber N. Rose, Nick G. Glumac, and Benjamin J. McCall. "Electrical Properties of Reversed-Polarity Ball Plasmoid Discharges." Plasma 3, no. 3 (2020): 92–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plasma3030008.

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Ball plasmoid discharges are a unique type of atmospheric-pressure plasma discharge with a lifetime on the order of a hundred milliseconds without attachment to a power source. These discharges are generated by a moderate current pulse over the surface of an aqueous electrolyte, and some consider the spherical plasmoid that results to bear some resemblance to ball lightning. This article presents the first analysis of the electrical properties of ball plasmoid discharges in a reversed-polarity configuration, i.e., with the central electrode serving as the anode rather than as the cathode. Thes

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10

Dvornikov, M. "Stable Langmuir solitons in plasma with diatomic ions." Nonlinear Processes in Geophysics 20, no. 4 (2013): 581–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/npg-20-581-2013.

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Abstract. We study stable axially and spherically symmetric spatial solitons in plasma with diatomic ions. The stability of a soliton against collapse is provided by the interaction of induced electric dipole moments of ions with the rapidly oscillating electric field of a plasmoid. We derive the new cubic-quintic nonlinear Schrödinger equation, which governs the soliton dynamics and numerically solve it. Then we discuss the possibility of implementation of such plasmoids in realistic atmospheric plasma. In particular, we suggest that spherically symmetric Langmuir solitons, described in the p

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11

Mondal, Sripan, Abhishek K. Srivastava, David I. Pontin, Ding Yuan, and Eric R. Priest. "2.5D Magnetohydrodynamic Simulation of the Formation and Evolution of Plasmoids in Coronal Current Sheets." Astrophysical Journal 963, no. 2 (2024): 139. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad2079.

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Abstract In the present paper, using MPI-AMRVAC, we perform a 2.5D numerical magnetohydrodynamic simulation of the dynamics and associated thermodynamical evolution of an initially force-free Harris current sheet subjected to an external velocity perturbation under the condition of uniform resistivity. The amplitude of the magnetic field is taken to be 10 G, typical of the solar corona. We impose a Gaussian velocity pulse across this current sheet that mimics the interaction of fast magnetoacoustic waves with a current sheet in the corona. This leads to a variety of dynamics and plasma process

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12

Abrahamyan, A. S., R. Yu Chilingaryan, S. A. Mkhitaryan, V. R. Kocharyan, A. A. Margaryan, and A. H. Mkrtchyan. "On the possibility of accelerating charged particles in the low-pressure acoustoplasma and plasma bunches in the air." Journal of Instrumentation 19, no. 07 (2024): C07005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/19/07/c07005.

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Abstract In this paper obtained results of two experimental investigations are presented: on the acceleration of electrons in low-pressure acoustoplasma discharge and acceleration of plasma bunch-plasmoids in the air. The first experimental results on the acceleration of electrons in the low-pressure discharge were obtained in 2008. In the current paper an attempt to explain the obtained results by means of wake accelerations of particles in electromagnetic fields without utilization of usual drivers is made. Formerly calculated theoretical data for accelerated particles even in the energy ran

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13

Nathanail, Antonios, Christian M. Fromm, Oliver Porth, et al. "Plasmoid formation in global GRMHD simulations and AGN flares." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 495, no. 2 (2020): 1549–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staa1165.

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ABSTRACT One of the main dissipation processes acting on all scales in relativistic jets is thought to be governed by magnetic reconnection. Such dissipation processes have been studied in idealized environments, such as reconnection layers, which evolve in merging islands and lead to the production of ‘plasmoids’, ultimately resulting in efficient particle acceleration. In accretion flows on to black holes, reconnection layers can be developed and destroyed rapidly during the turbulent evolution of the flow. We present a series of two-dimensional general-relativistic magnetohydrodynamic simul

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14

Gou, Tingyu, Rui Liu, Bernhard Kliem, Yuming Wang, and Astrid M. Veronig. "The birth of a coronal mass ejection." Science Advances 5, no. 3 (2019): eaau7004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aau7004.

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The Sun’s atmosphere is frequently disrupted by coronal mass ejections (CMEs), coupled with flares and energetic particles. The coupling is usually attributed to magnetic reconnection at a vertical current sheet connecting the flare and CME, with the latter embedding a helical magnetic structure known as flux rope. However, both the origin of flux ropes and their nascent paths toward eruption remain elusive. Here, we present an observation of how a stellar-sized CME bubble evolves continuously from plasmoids, mini flux ropes that are barely resolved, within half an hour. The eruption initiates

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15

Belehaki, A., R. W. McEntire, S. Kokubun, and T. Yamamoto. "Magnetotail response during a strong substorm as observed by GEOTAIL in the distant tail." Annales Geophysicae 16, no. 5 (1998): 528–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00585-998-0528-5.

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Abstract. Simultaneous energetic particle and magnetic field observations from the GEOTAIL spacecraft in the distant tail (XGSM≈ –150 Re) have been analysed to study the response of the Earth's magnetotail during a strong substorm (AE ≤ 680 nT). At geosynchronous altitude, LANL spacecraft recorded three electron injections between 0030 UT and 0130 UT, which correspond to onsets observed on the ground at Kiruna Ground Observatory. The Earth's magnetotail responded to this substorm with the ejection of five plasmoids, whose size decreases from one plasmoid to the next. Since the type of magnetic

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16

Ivanov, A. S. "Observation of Long-Lived Plasma Formations in a Toroidal air Vortex under Normal Conditions." Proceedings of the Southwest State University. Series: Engineering and Technology 13, no. 4 (2024): 66–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.21869/2223-1528-2023-13-4-66-74.

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Purpose. Experimentally investigate the difference between the characteristic lifetime of plasma formations in a stationary and rotating toroidal air volume under normal ambient conditions.Methods. Experimental study of plasmoids was carried out by videotaping with a high-speed camera with subsequent frame-by-frame processing of the recording. Generation of plasmoids was performed by mechanical rupture of the plasma cord of the welding arc in the field of permanent magnets. The creation of toroidal rotation of the plasma formation in air occurs when it passes through a hole in a solid screen.

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17

AHMAD, Nisar, Ping ZHU, Ahmad ALI, and Shiyong ZENG. "Viscous effects on plasmoid formation from nonlinear resistive tearing growth in a Harris sheet." Plasma Science and Technology 24, no. 1 (2021): 015103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/2058-6272/ac3563.

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Abstract In this work, the evolution of a highly unstable m = 1 resistive tearing mode, leading to plasmoid formation in a Harris sheet, is studied in the framework of full MHD model using the Non-Ideal Magnetohydrodynamics with Rotation, Open Discussion simulation. Following the initial nonlinear growth of the primary m = 1 island, the X-point develops into a secondary elongated current sheet that eventually breaks into plasmoids. Two distinctive viscous regimes are found for the plasmoid formation and saturation. In the low viscosity regime (i.e. P r ≲ 1), the plasmoid width increases sharpl

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18

Kumar, Pankaj, Judith T. Karpen, and Joel T. Dahlin. "X-Ray/Radio Quasiperiodic Pulsations Associated with Plasmoids in Solar Flare Current Sheets." Astrophysical Journal 980, no. 2 (2025): 158. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ada293.

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Abstract Plasmoids (or magnetic islands) are believed to play an important role in the onset of fast magnetic reconnection and particle acceleration during solar flares and eruptions. Direct imaging of flare current sheets and the formation/ejection of multiple plasmoids in extreme-ultraviolet images, along with simultaneous X-ray and radio observations, offers significant insights into the mechanisms driving particle acceleration in solar flares. Here, we present direct imaging of the formation and ejection of multiple plasmoids in flare plasma/current sheets and the associated quasiperiodic

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19

Gunell, H., G. Stenberg Wieser, M. Mella, et al. "Waves in high-speed plasmoids in the magnetosheath and at the magnetopause." Annales Geophysicae 32, no. 8 (2014): 991–1009. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/angeo-32-991-2014.

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Abstract. Plasmoids, defined here as plasma entities with a higher anti-sunward velocity component than the surrounding plasma, have been observed in the magnetosheath in recent years. During the month of March 2007 the Cluster spacecraft crossed the magnetopause near the subsolar point 13 times. Plasmoids with larger velocities than the surrounding magnetosheath were found on seven of these 13 occasions. The plasmoids approach the magnetopause and interact with it. Both whistler mode waves and waves in the lower hybrid frequency range appear in these plasmoids, and the energy density of the w

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20

Fielding, Drummond B., Bart Ripperda, and Alexander A. Philippov. "Plasmoid Instability in the Multiphase Interstellar Medium." Astrophysical Journal Letters 949, no. 1 (2023): L5. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/accf1f.

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Abstract The processes controlling the complex clump structure, phase distribution, and magnetic field geometry that develop across a broad range of scales in the turbulent interstellar medium (ISM) remain unclear. Using unprecedentedly high-resolution 3D magnetohydrodynamic simulations of thermally unstable turbulent systems, we show that large current sheets unstable to plasmoid-mediated reconnection form regularly throughout the volume. The plasmoids form in three distinct environments: (i) within cold clumps, (ii) at the asymmetric interface of the cold and warm phases, and (iii) within th

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21

Ugai, M. "Virtual satellite observations of plasmoids generated by fast reconnection in the geomagnetic tail." Annales Geophysicae 29, no. 8 (2011): 1411–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/angeo-29-1411-2011.

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Abstract. The present paper studies fundamental features of plasmoid propagation by virtual satellite observations in the simulation box. The plasmoid domain is divided into the plasmoid reconnection region P, where magnetized plasmas with reconnected field lines, heated by dissipation mechanisms of fast reconnection, are accumulated, and the plasmoid core region C, where magnetized plasmas with sheared field lines, initially embedded in the current sheet, is adiabatically compressed. When the virtual satellite is located in a position through which the plasmoid core region passes, it detects

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Lu, Lei, Li Feng, Alexander Warmuth, et al. "Observational Signatures of Tearing Instability in the Current Sheet of a Solar Flare." Astrophysical Journal Letters 924, no. 1 (2022): L7. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/ac42c6.

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Abstract Magnetic reconnection is a fundamental physical process converting magnetic energy into not only plasma energy but also particle energy in various astrophysical phenomena. In this Letter, we show a unique data set of a solar flare where various plasmoids were formed by a continually stretched current sheet. Extreme ultraviolet images captured reconnection inflows, outflows, and particularly the recurring plasma blobs (plasmoids). X-ray images reveal nonthermal emission sources at the lower end of the current sheet, presumably as large plasmoids with a sufficiently amount of energetic

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Nagai, T., H. Tsunakawa, H. Shibuya, et al. "Plasmoid formation for multiple onset substorms: observations of the Japanese Lunar Mission "Kaguya"." Annales Geophysicae 27, no. 1 (2009): 59–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/angeo-27-59-2009.

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Abstract. The Japanese Lunar Mission "Kaguya" carried out its first magnetic field and plasma measurements in the Earth's magnetotail on 22 December 2007. Fortuitously, three well-defined multiple onset substoms took place. Kaguya was located in the premidnight magnetotail at radial distances of 56 RE and observed plasmoids and/or traveling compression regions (TCRs). Although the present study is based on limited data sets, important issues on multiple onset substorms can be examined. Each onset in a series of onsets releases a plasmoid, and magnetic reconnection likely proceeds to tail lobe

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Xie, Xiaoyan, Zhixing Mei, Chengcai Shen, et al. "Numerical experiments on dynamic evolution of a CME-flare current sheet." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 509, no. 1 (2021): 406–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stab2954.

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ABSTRACT In this paper, we performed magnetohydrodynamics numerical experiments to look into the dynamic behaviour of the current sheet (CS) between the coronal mass ejection (CME) and the associated solar flare, especially the CS oscillation and plasmoid motions in coronal conditions. During the evolution, the disrupting magnetic configuration becomes asymmetric first in the buffer region at the bottom of the CME bubble. The Rayleigh−Taylor instability in the buffer region and the deflected motion of the plasma driven by the termination shock at the bottom of the CME bubble cause the buffer r

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Ortuño-Macías, José, and Krzysztof Nalewajko. "Radiative kinetic simulations of steady-state relativistic plasmoid magnetic reconnection." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 497, no. 2 (2020): 1365–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staa1899.

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ABSTRACT We present the results of two-dimensional particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations of relativistic magnetic reconnection (RMR) in electron–positron plasma, including the dynamical influence of the synchrotron radiation process, and integrating the observable emission signatures. The simulations are initiated with a single Harris current layer with a central gap that triggers the RMR process. We achieve a steady-state reconnection with unrestricted outflows by means of open boundary conditions. The radiative cooling efficiency is regulated by the choice of initial plasma temperature Θ. We ex

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26

W Hones Jr, Edward. "Magnetic Reconnection in the Earth's Magnetotail." Australian Journal of Physics 38, no. 6 (1985): 981. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ph850981.

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Over the past few years satellite observations of the plasma sheet in the Earth's magnetotail during magnetospheric substorms have established beyond reasonable doubt that magnetic reconnection occurs in the magnetotail and that it plays a central role in the substorm process. The features seen at Earth by which substorms were originally identified (e.g. the auroras and geomagnetic disturbances) are simply superficial manifestations of a more fundamental physical process-the magnetosphere divesting itself of stored energy and plasma that was acquired earlier from the solar wind. It does so by

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27

Cheremisin, A. A., V. P. Isakov, E. A. Shishkin, A. A. Onishchuk, and V. N. Parmon. "Water aerosol in an artificial analogue of natural dall lightning." Вестник Российской академии наук 93, no. 2 (2023): 171–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s0869587323020044.

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This article is dedicated to the study of a brightly glowing spherical formation called a plasmoid, which occurs with a special type of pulsed electric discharge above the water surface. The lifespan of a luminous ball is quite long; therefore, it is considered as an analogue of ball lightning, the nature of which has not yet received an exhaustive scientific explanation. An attempt is made to find out whether or not an aerosol is present in a plasmoid and what its chemical and dispersed compositions are. It is shown that when a laser beam passes through a plasmoid, the scattering of laser rad

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Hill, T. W., M. F. Thomsen, M. G. Henderson, et al. "Plasmoids in Saturn's magnetotail." Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics 113, A1 (2008): n/a. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2007ja012626.

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29

Mondal, Sripan, Abhishekh Kumar Srivastava, David I. Pontin, Eric R. Priest, R. Y. Kwon, and Ding Yuan. "Generation of Fast Magnetoacoustic Waves in the Corona by Impulsive Bursty Reconnection." Astrophysical Journal 977, no. 2 (2024): 235. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad9022.

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Abstract Fast-mode magnetohydrodynamic waves in the solar corona are often known to be produced by solar flares and eruptive prominences. Here, we simulate the effect of the interaction of an external perturbation on a magnetic null in the solar corona, which results in the formation of a current sheet (CS). Once the CS undergoes a sufficient extension in its length and squeezing of its width, it may become unstable to the formation of multiple impulsive plasmoids. Eventually, the plasmoids merge with one another to form larger plasmoids and/or are expelled from the sheet. The formation, motio

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30

S. I. Stepanov. "Investigation of the value and mechanism of atmospheric plasmoid charge formation." Technical Physics 68, no. 1 (2023): 60. http://dx.doi.org/10.21883/tp.2023.01.55440.179-22.

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The study of a long-lived atmospheric plasmoid has been continued. (Gatchina plasmoid). The electric charge of the plasmoid was detected earlier by us using a plasma probe. Here the measuring equipment was improved, which allowed to take into account the influence of bias current. The measured charge of the negative plasmoid was about -35 nC. The cause of the electric charge is investigated. It consists in the inhomogeneity of the plasma and, as a consequence, a special configuration of the electric field during discharge. In the column of emission plasma above the central electrode, the field

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Hoshino, M. "Small scale plasmoids in the post-plasmoid plasma sheet: Origin of MHD turbulence?" Advances in Space Research 25, no. 7-8 (2000): 1685–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0273-1177(99)00684-5.

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32

Moldwin, Mark B., and W. Jeffrey Hughes. "Geomagnetic substorm association of plasmoids." Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics 98, A1 (1993): 81–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/92ja02153.

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Moldwin, Mark B., and W. Jeffrey Hughes. "Plasmoids as magnetic flux ropes." Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics 96, A8 (1991): 14051–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/91ja01167.

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Nagai, T., R. Nakamura, T. Mukai, T. Yamamoto, A. Nishida, and S. Kokubun. "Substorms, tail flows and plasmoids." Advances in Space Research 20, no. 4-5 (1997): 961–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0273-1177(97)00504-8.

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Pothiraja, Ramasamy, Nikita Bibinov, and Peter Awakowicz. "Plasmoids for etching and deposition." Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics 47, no. 45 (2014): 455203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0022-3727/47/45/455203.

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Wells, Daniel R., and Lawrence Carl Hawkins. "Containment forces in low energy states of plasmoids." Journal of Plasma Physics 38, no. 2 (1987): 263–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022377800012563.

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The application of Hamilton's principle to the problem of the determination of the structure of low free energy state plasmoids is discussed. It is shown that Clebsch representations of the vector fields and representations involving side conditions on the functional result in the same sets of Euler–Lagrange equations. The relationship of these representations to the problem of containment forces in vortex structures (plasmoids) is considered. It is demonstrated that the lowest free energy state of an incompressible plasma is always Lorentz force and Magnus force free. For a compressible plasm

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Sun, Haomin, Yan Yang, Quanming Lu, San Lu, Minping Wan, and Rongsheng Wang. "Physical Regimes of Two-dimensional MHD Turbulent Reconnection in Different Lundquist Numbers." Astrophysical Journal 926, no. 1 (2022): 97. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ac4158.

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Abstract Using two-dimensional MHD simulations in different Lundquist numbers S, we investigate physical regimes of turbulent reconnection and the role of turbulence in enhancing the reconnection rate. Turbulence is externally injected into the system with varying strength. Externally driven turbulence contributes to the conversion of magnetic energy to kinetic energy flowing out of the reconnection site and thus enhances the reconnection rate. The plasmoids formed in high Lundquist numbers contribute to the fast reconnection rate, as well. Moreover, an analysis of the power of turbulence impl

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Yu, Q., S. Günter, and K. Lackner. "Formation of plasmoids during sawtooth crashes." Nuclear Fusion 54, no. 7 (2014): 072005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0029-5515/54/7/072005.

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Silbergleit, V. M., M. M. Zossi de Artigas, and J. R. Manzano. "Energy dissipation in substorms: plasmoids ejection." Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics 59, no. 11 (1997): 1355–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1364-6826(96)00108-3.

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40

Lau, Yun-Tung, and John M. Finn. "Three-dimensional kinematic reconnection of plasmoids." Astrophysical Journal 366 (January 1991): 577. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/169593.

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Mikikian, Maxime, Hagop Tawidian, and Thomas Lecas. "Unstable Plasmoids in Dusty Plasma Experiments." IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science 42, no. 10 (2014): 2670–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tps.2014.2326459.

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Mészárosová, Hana, Ján Rybák, Marian Karlický, and Karel Jiřička. "Separation of solar radio bursts in a complex spectrum." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 6, S274 (2010): 150–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921311006788.

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AbstractRadio spectra, observed during solar flares, are usually very complex (many bursts and fine structures). We have developed a new method to separate them into individual bursts and analyze them separately. The method is used in the analysis of the 0.8–2.0 GHz radio spectrum of the April 11, 2001 event, which was rich in drifting pulsating structures (DPSs). Using this method we showed that the complex radio spectrum consists of at least four DPSs separated with respect to their different frequency drifts (−115, −36, −23, and −11 MHz s−1). These DPSs indicate a presence of at least four

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Zhang, Hao, Lorenzo Sironi, and Dimitrios Giannios. "Fast Particle Acceleration in Three-dimensional Relativistic Reconnection." Astrophysical Journal 922, no. 2 (2021): 261. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ac2e08.

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Abstract Magnetic reconnection is invoked as one of the primary mechanisms to produce energetic particles. We employ large-scale 3D particle-in-cell simulations of reconnection in magnetically dominated (σ = 10) pair plasmas to study the energization physics of high-energy particles. We identify an acceleration mechanism that only operates in 3D. For weak guide fields, 3D plasmoids/flux ropes extend along the z-direction of the electric current for a length comparable to their cross-sectional radius. Unlike in 2D simulations, where particles are buried in plasmoids, in 3D we find that a fracti

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Moldwin, Mark B., and W. Jeffrey Hughes. "Observations of earthward and tailward propagating flux rope plasmoids: Expanding the plasmoid model of geomagnetic substorms." Journal of Geophysical Research 99, A1 (1994): 183. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/93ja02102.

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Peter, H., Y. M. Huang, L. P. Chitta, and P. R. Young. "Plasmoid-mediated reconnection in solar UV bursts." Astronomy & Astrophysics 628 (July 25, 2019): A8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201935820.

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Context. Ultraviolet bursts are transients in the solar atmosphere with an increased impulsive emission in the extreme UV lasting for one to several tens of minutes. They often show spectral profiles indicative of a bi-directional outflow in response to magnetic reconnection. Aims. To understand UV bursts, we study how motions of magnetic elements at the surface can drive the self-consistent formation of a current sheet resulting in plasmoid-mediated reconnection. In particular, we want to study the role of the height of the reconnection in the atmosphere. Methods. We conducted numerical exper

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Dihingia, Indu K., Bhargav Vaidya, and Christian Fendt. "Jets, disc-winds, and oscillations in general relativistic, magnetically driven flows around black hole." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 505, no. 3 (2021): 3596–615. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stab1512.

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ABSTRACT Relativistic jets and disc-winds are typically observed in black hole X-ray binaries (BH-XRBs) and active galactic nuclei. However, many physical details of jet launching and the driving of disc winds from the underlying accretion disc are still not fully understood. In this study, we further investigate the role of the magnetic field strength and structure in launching jets and disc winds. In particular, we explore the connection between jet, wind, and the accretion disc around the central black hole. We perform axisymmetric general relativistic magneto-hydrodynamical simulations of

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Sindhu, M. S., G. Renuka, and C. Venugopal. "Particle diffusion and adiabatic expansion of plasmoids." Journal of Earth System Science 104, no. 1 (1995): 37–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02842274.

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Hughes, W. J., and D. G. Sibeck. "On the 3-dimensional structure of plasmoids." Geophysical Research Letters 14, no. 6 (1987): 636–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/gl014i006p00636.

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Nemati, M. J., Z. X. Wang, and Lai Wei. "FORMATION OF PLASMOIDS IN MULTIPLE CURRENT SYSTEMS." Astrophysical Journal 821, no. 2 (2016): 128. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/0004-637x/821/2/128.

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Scholer, M., and F. Jamitzky. "Particle orbits during the development of plasmoids." Journal of Geophysical Research 92, A11 (1987): 12181. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/ja092ia11p12181.

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