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Journal articles on the topic 'Plastic Flakes'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 5 June 2025

Last updated: 2 August 2025

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1

Waroonkun, Tanut, Tanapong Puangpinyo, and Yuttana Tongtuam. "The Development of a Concrete Block Containing PET Plastic Bottle Flakes." Journal of Sustainable Development 10, no. 6 (2017): 186. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jsd.v10n6p186.

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Plastic waste is increasing continuously, especially in the form of throw away packaging such as drinking water bottles, designed to be convenient, inexpensive, and accessible. Plastic disposal, however, is difficult and has a lower recyclability rate than other types of materials such as glass and paper. This study presents a method of reducing the amount of plastic waste by recycling plastic containers in architectural work. Non-load-bearing concrete blocks for safe and efficient use can be manufactured using plastic flakes as an alternative material aggregate. This study developed such bloc

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2

Gül, Esra Tuğçe, and Behlül Sevim. "Determination of Alfalfa Silage Quality with Different Levels of Corn Flake Addition." Osmaniye Korkut Ata Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi 8, no. 3 (2025): 1089–99. https://doi.org/10.47495/okufbed.1586076.

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Present research has been carried out to determine the effects of corn flakes on the chemical composition, digestibility and energy values, and fermentation properties of alfalfa silages ensiled with different levels of corn flake addition. Within the scope of the study, alfalfa shredded to 1-3 cm sizes have been ensiled in anaerobic plastic containers by adding 5% and 10% flaked corn to the treatment groups. As a result of the research, it has been determined that the parameters of dry matter, crude protein, crude ash, acid detergent fiber, neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent lignin and a

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3

Aliyinza, Charity, Prof Christopher Kanali, and Dr Eng Erick Ronoh. "Structural Performance of Reinforced Concrete Slab with Sugarcane Bagasse Ash and Plastic Flakes as Partial Replacement." International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology 13, no. 4 (2024): 9–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.35940/ijeat.d4392.13040424.

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This research aims to reduce the weight of concrete structural members and promote the use of eco-friendly concrete. To achieve this, plastic flakes and sugarcane bagasse are used as additional materials in concrete production, which can partially replace fine aggregates and cement respectively. This makes structural members lighter, reducing the overall load transmitted to the foundation and the construction cost. The study investigates the effect of plastic flakes and sugarcane bagasse ash on the performance of a reinforced concrete slab. It includes workability, compressive, flexural, tensi

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4

Charity, Aliyinza. "Structural Performance of Reinforced Concrete Slab with Sugarcane Bagasse Ash and Plastic Flakes as Partial Replacement." International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology (IJEAT) 13, no. 3 (2024): 9–18. https://doi.org/10.35940/ijeat.D4392.13040424.

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<strong>Abstract: </strong>This research aims to reduce the weight of concrete structural members and promote the use of eco-friendly concrete. To achieve this, plastic flakes and sugarcane bagasse are used as additional materials in concrete production, which can partially replace fine aggregates and cement respectively. This makes structural members lighter, reducing the overall load transmitted to the foundation and the construction cost. The study investigates the effect of plastic flakes and sugarcane bagasse ash on the performance of a reinforced concrete slab. It includes workability, c

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5

Rajprasad, N. Acharya, Clinton Stephan, Harshith, Suryakanth Naik Praveen, and D. R. Sridhar. "Experimental Investigation on Waste-plastic Reinforced Concrete Brick." International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology 8, no. 5 (2023): 461–65. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7947449.

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The accumulation of plastic waste is a growing concern as disposable plastic products such as bags and water bottles, PVC pipes continue to be produced and discarded regularly. Disposing of plastic is challenging since it is not biodegradable and has a lower recycling rate than other materials. One promising solution is to manufacture concrete blocks using plastic flakes as an alternative material aggregate. This study sought to develop and test these blocks' compressive strength, taking into account factors such as the cement to aggregate ratio, water to cement ratio, size of plastic flak

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6

Mouratidis, Anastasios, and Evangelos Manthos. "Plastic waste in dense asphalt mixes for road pavements." Insight - Civil Engineering 7, no. 2 (2024): 658. http://dx.doi.org/10.18282/ice.v7i2.658.

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Recycling plastic waste in asphalt pavements records increasing statistic figures of application during the last decade worldwide. Due to environmental constraints, but also, to some beneficial properties of plastic waste, recycling in asphalt tends to become current practice, in several countries. In the Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (AUTH), the first attempt to produce asphalt mix using plastic waste consisted of mixing recycled plastic flakes with non-modified binder. Following an asphalt mix design in the laboratory, the whole mass of conventional aggregates was replaced by PET flak

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7

Persaud, Tajwattie, Anna Perreira, and Darren Shako. "Investigating the Impact on Compressive Strength of Concrete by Incorporating Plastics." Book of Abstracts: Student Research (2021) 2 (February 25, 2022): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.52377/djnq1791.

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This research investigated the compressive strength of hollow concrete blocks (HCB) when plastic Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) bottle flakes are integrated as partial aggregate substitutes for sand as a possible diversion strategy. Plastic bottles labelled PET 1 were hand chipped into 5.73mm flakes and added into the modified cement mix to make two sets of HCB, where plastic flakes replaced five percent and ten percent of the sand respectively.

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8

Stiawan, Dimas Oka. "ANALISIS KEKUATAN BEBAN RANGKA MESIN PENCACAH PLASTIK DENGAN MATERIAL BAJA ASTM 36 MENGGUNAKAN SOFTWARE SOLIDWORKS." Gorontalo Journal of Infrastructure and Science Engineering 5, no. 1 (2022): 30. http://dx.doi.org/10.32662/gojise.v5i1.2023.

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Plastic crushing machine is a machine used to crush platstic containers into smaller sizes. The types of plastic that are destroyed is a bottles and plastic cups used for drinks. But somethis the flakes are still to big to pass through the sieve, so they will be cut again into smaller flakes to pass through the sieve. The flakes that hahve passed through the sieve are what we want. The problem that will be discussed in this study is whether the load on the frame of the plastic chopping machine is still safe when loading is carried out and making comparisons between theoretical calculations and

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9

van Engelshoven, Yuri, Pingping Wen, Maarten Bakker, Ruud Balkenende, and Peter Rem. "An Innovative Route to Circular Rigid Plastics." Sustainability 11, no. 22 (2019): 6284. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11226284.

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An innovative route for plastics recycling is proposed, based on a combination of a logarithmic sorting process and colour plus high-resolution near-infrared (NIR) sensors. Although counterintuitive, it is shown that such a technology could sort clean flakes from rigid packaging waste into a very large number of different plastic grades with modest sorter capacity, provided that the chosen sensor is able to differentiate correctly between any two grades of plastics in the waste. Tests with high-resolution NIR on single pixels of transparent flakes from different types and brands of packaging s

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10

Pavani, Aketi, and Rao Pavar Govardhan. "EFFECTS OF ADDING PET FLAKES TO CONCRETE BLOCKS." International Journal of Engineering Research and Reviews 10, no. 3 (2022): 1–5. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6973591.

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<strong>Abstract:</strong> Plastic, being one of the common material in our daily activities and we couldn't imagine a day without it. plastic contributes to major pollution as it involves  many components like PELD,PELLD,PEHD,PP, ,PET and many other .major plastic pollution is due to single use plastic which is either trashed or crushed . Single use plastic involves many kinds of polymers out of which PET (Polyethylene terephthalate) is major with an average of 6.8% of total plastic pollution. This study involves determining the mechanical properties of concrete blocks added with PET

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11

Sembiring, Emenda, Mutiara Fajar, and Marisa Handajani. "Performance of rapid sand filter – single media to remove microplastics." Water Supply 21, no. 5 (2021): 2273–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2021.060.

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Abstract Microplastics (MPs) have been detected in drinking water and raw water sources. Therefore, it is important to know the performance of drinking water treatment process. The rapid sand filter (RSF) is one of the water treatments that can be an alternative treatment in removing MPs after several configuration processes (pre-sedimentation, coagulation-flocculation, and sedimentation). This study aims to determine the effectiveness of RSF to remove MPs. The artificial samples were made from plastics bags and tyre flakes, with sizes from 10 μm to more than 500 μm. Bentonite was added to rep

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12

Patil, Sayali Milind, Vaishnavi Manohar Patil, Amogh Laxman Tare, and Aniket Prakash Vaity. "Design and Fabrication of Plastic Shredding Machine." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 11, no. 4 (2023): 1070–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2023.50286.

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Abstract: Plastic is one of the most common used materials in the world today, but, they cause serious environmental pollution and exhaustion of landfill space. The recycling of waste plastic recovers the material, which can be used to make new plastic products such as containers, plastic lumbers and particle boards. For this to happen, the waste plastic will first be the effect of plastic waste is environment problems such as: chain food disturb, contaminate ground water, air pollution, extinction anima, poisonous soil, and act. One of the handling for plastic waste is recycling. It starts wi

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13

Pramudi, Ganjar, and Farhan Nur Rohman. "Rancang Bangun Sistem Transmisi Poros Pisau Penghancur Pada Mesin Crusher Plastik High Density Polyethylene (HDPE)." Jurnal Teknik Mesin Indonesia 20, no. 1 (2025): 123–28. https://doi.org/10.36289/jtmi.v20i1.875.

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The amount of plastic waste continues to rise alongside the increasing use of plastic packaging products. To mitigate the plastic problem in Indonesia, one approach is to recycle HDPE plastic waste into powder that can be utilized for composite materials. The initial step in producing powder from HDPE plastic waste involves shredding the HDPE plastic into small flakes. These plastic flakes are then ground into fine powder. The HDPE plastic crusher machine is powered by a 3 HP electric motor and operates at a rotational speed of 1400 rpm. The design of the blades on this machine features sharp

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14

Harjuma, Harjuma, Abdul Tahir, Sirama Sirama, and Aswar Aswar. "Development of Plastic Shredder Technology to Support Plastic Waste Reduction." International Journal of Engineering, Science and Information Technology 5, no. 1 (2024): 77–84. https://doi.org/10.52088/ijesty.v5i1.643.

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The plastic waste problem in Indonesia has reached a severe level. Data from the National Waste Management Information System shows that Indonesia produces around 17 million tons of plastic waste yearly. However, only approximately 66.47% of this plastic waste undergoes recycling, with the remainder ending up in landfills or polluting the sea. This condition places Indonesia in second place in the world after China in terms of the amount of plastic waste produced, making it a country with a plastic waste emergency. This article discusses the development of plastic recycling machine technology

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15

Ma, Liu, Wang, Wang, Huang, and Xu. "The Effect of Honing Angle and Roughness Height on the Tribological Performance of CuNiCr Iron Liner." Metals 9, no. 5 (2019): 487. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met9050487.

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This work investigated the effect of honing morphologies of CuNiCr iron liner on its tribological properties sliding against the Cr-Al2O3 coated piston ring. The worn surface morphology and elements distribution as well as the wear behaviors of CuNiCr iron liner were analyzed to explore the influencing of the honing angle and roughness height on the friction and wear resistance. The results show that the optimized honing angle and roughness can improve the tribological performance of the iron liner, and different tribological characteristics are closely related to different roughness parameter

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16

Almeida, Arminda, João Crucho, César Abreu, and Luís Picado-Santos. "An Assessment of Moisture Susceptibility and Ageing Effect on Nanoclay-Modified AC Mixtures Containing Flakes of Plastic Film Collected as Urban Waste." Applied Sciences 9, no. 18 (2019): 3738. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9183738.

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In this research, the moisture susceptibility of a nanoclay-modified asphalt concrete (AC) mixture containing plastic film (in flakes) collected as urban waste was evaluated with specimens subjected to the tecnico accelerated ageing (TEAGE) procedure. The TEAGE procedure attempts to simulate—in a laboratory setting—the effect of field ageing by applying watering/drying cycles and ultraviolet radiation. For comparison purposes, three AC mixtures were considered, one for control, without plastic and nanoclay, a mixture with only plastic, and a mixture with both plastic and nanoclay. Furthermore,

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17

Azzahrah, Fatiyah, and Fermanto Lianto. "RUANG BAGI PEMULUNG DAN TEMPAT DAUR ULANG SAMPAH PLASTIK." Jurnal Sains, Teknologi, Urban, Perancangan, Arsitektur (Stupa) 6, no. 1 (2024): 483–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.24912/stupa.v6i1.27493.

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The existence of scavengers is often ignored by society and the government, with some living in slums, collecting scrap to sell, and even living on the side of the road as homeless people. Inadequate housing and workplaces result in low welfare. The architectural involvement improves the livelihood of scavengers through innovative and empathetic design. This research aims to create a space that can facilitate scavengers in selling the waste they collect, provide a shelter for homeless scavengers around West Jakarta, and develop facilities to recycle plastic waste collected from waste pickers.

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18

Lopes, Lucas, Harish Dauari, Paulo Mendonça, and Manuela Almeida. "Marine Plastic Waste in Construction: A Systematic Review of Applications in the Built Environment." Polymers 17, no. 13 (2025): 1729. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym17131729.

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Marine plastic pollution represents a critical environmental challenge, with millions of tons of plastic waste entering the oceans annually and threatening ecosystems, biodiversity, and human health. This systematic review evaluates the current state of the art in recycling and reusing marine plastic waste within the architecture, engineering, and construction (AEC) sectors, following the PRISMA methodology. Sixty-six peer-reviewed articles published between 2015 and 2025 were analysed, focusing on the integration of plastic waste. The review identifies mechanical recycling as the predominant

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19

Narendra Reddy, P., S. Usman, G. Shashank, M. Priyaveni, K. Vinay, and P. Shanmuk Chaithanya. "Experimental Study on Elastic Properties of M20 Grade Concrete as a Partial Replacement of Fine Aggregates with Plastic Waste." Advanced Materials Research 1182 (December 30, 2024): 103–10. https://doi.org/10.4028/p-7qpchj.

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This study investigates the elastic properties of M20 grade concrete by partially replacing the fine aggregates with plastic waste. Plastic waste possess a big problem for the environment because it cannot be biodegraded in nature. Incorporating it into concrete could be a solution to waste management and improve concrete performance. In this, waste plastic flakes of different proportions (1%,2%,3%,4%,5%) are partially replaced with fine aggregate for achieving the better elastic strength in concrete. The findings provide insight into the feasibility and effectiveness of using plastic waste in

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20

Nawir, Daud, and Achmad Zultan M. "Analisis Kinerja Campuran Aspal Beton (AC–BC) Menggunakan Liquid Asbuton Dengan Penambahan Serpih Sampah HDPE (High Density Polyethylene)." Borneo Engineering : Jurnal Teknik Sipil 4, no. 1 (2020): 78–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.35334/be.v4i1.1281.

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The use of asphalt (Liquid asbuton) as a road pavement material can be an economical and efficient choice for road construction and maintenance because, in addition to being cheaper and having better work abilities compared to other types of buton asphalt, a new step is carried out by using Asbuton liquid in a hot mix. One of the materials used is high-density polyethylene (HDPE) plastic waste. The ideal plastic prohibition needs to be balanced with waste management and financial incentives to change the habits of consumers and industry players. This research was conducted to determine the eff

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21

Patil, Viraj. "Design & Development of Multipurpose Waste Recycling Equipment." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 12, no. 5 (2024): 5390–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2024.62797.

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Abstract: The challenge of disposal and handling of solid waste is still one of the major problems in modern societies even though significant efforts are taken towards reduce, reuse, and recycling of waste. Large amounts of solid waste are getting piled up every day in almost every city across globe which is incrementing the amounts of pollution. Hence to cope up to this problem various reforms are being taken Multipurpose waste recycling unit majorly processes three types of waste that is fabrics, plastic and biodegradable/agricultural wastes in an efficient manner. Plastic is one of the maj

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22

Szoszkiewicz, Robert, Maciej Rogala, and Paweł Dąbrowski. "Surface-Bound and Volatile Mo Oxides Produced During Oxidation of Single MoS2 Crystals in Air and High Relative Humidity." Materials 13, no. 14 (2020): 3067. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13143067.

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We report on the MoO3 oxides and their derivatives on microscopic 2H MoS2 flakes oxidized in air and high relative humidity at a moderate temperature range below 410 °C. We combine XPS and AFM measurements such as topography, friction, creation of nanoscale ripples and scratches on the MoS2 flakes deposited on Si substrates. We detect MoO3 oxides mostly by measuring selected nanomechanical properties of the MoO3 layer, such as its compressive mechanical stress at the plastic yield. We discuss basal surface coverage of the single MoS2 flakes by the MoO3 oxides. We discuss conditions for appeara

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23

Nawir, Daud. "Pengaruh Serpih Sampah Plastik (Pet) Pada Campuran Aspal Beton Dengan Pemanfaatan Buton Rock Asphalt Dan Liquid Asbuton." Borneo Engineering : Jurnal Teknik Sipil 1, no. 1 (2022): 73–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.35334/be.v1i1.2455.

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Asbuton is a natural asphalt material that has greater resilience and elasticity compared to extraction asphalt. When exposed to the sun and rain, asbuton has a strong and solid nature, the texture is also elastic so it is less likely to crack. One of the wastes that continues to be used in the field of road pavement is the plastic waste used in this research, which is the type of polyethylene terephthalate (PET). A lot of plastic waste is generated every year but little can be used. This research was attempted to identify the effect of the use of Buton Rock Asphalt (BRA) and plastic waste as

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24

Suthar, Laxmi, Sanu Meena, and Umesh Kumar. "Utilization of Plastic Waste in Reinforcing Sandy Soil for Sustainable Engineering Applications." Journal of Engineering Sciences 11, no. 1 (2024): H1—H8. http://dx.doi.org/10.21272/jes.2024.11(1).h1.

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Large quantities of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) plastic are discarded into the environment during production, application, and disposal. Although current clean-up strategies aim to mitigate the adverse impacts of PET pollution, efforts struggle to keep up with the escalating amount of PET waste. This accumulation of PET waste poses significant threats to ecosystems worldwide. One recycling method for PET plastic waste involves its utilization in soil reinforcement applications within civil engineering. By incorporating PET plastic waste to reinforce poor-quality sands, sustainable constru

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25

Djas, Małgorzata, Anna Matuszewska, Beata Borowa, et al. "Flake Graphene as an Innovative Additive to Grease with Improved Tribological Properties." Materials 15, no. 21 (2022): 7775. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15217775.

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The paper presents the results of research on the use of flake graphene as an additive to plastic grease in order to improve its tribological properties. The influence of concentration (0.25–5.00 wt.%) and the form of graphene (graphene oxide, reduced graphene oxide) on selected properties of the base grease were investigated. It has been found that the addition of graphene flakes improves the anti-wear properties of the lubricant. The greatest improvement in the properties of the lubricant was achieved by using graphene at a concentration of 4.00 wt.%; the reduction in the average diameter of

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26

Raut, Sandeep. "Practical Experiment on Filament Making Setup for FDM 3D Printer Material from Waste Plastic Bottle." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 13, no. 6 (2025): 2042–47. https://doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2025.72550.

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The increasing concern over plastic waste management and the growing demand for sustainable manufacturing have driven innovative solutions such as recycling plastic waste into 3D printing filament. This practical experiment focuses on the design, development, and performance analysis of a filament making setup that converts waste plastic bottles (primarily PET - Polyethylene Terephthalate) into usable filament for Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM) 3D printers. In the experimental setup, waste plastic bottles were collected, cleaned, dried, and shredded into fine flakes using a plastic shredder.

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Rai, Baboo, S. Tabin Rushad, Bhavesh Kr, and S. K. Duggal. "Study of Waste Plastic Mix Concrete with Plasticizer." ISRN Civil Engineering 2012 (May 17, 2012): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.5402/2012/469272.

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The fresh and hardened properties of waste virgin plastic mix concrete have been studied (CUR Report 1991). A number of concrete mixes were prepared in which sand was partially replaced by waste plastic flakes in varying percentages by volume. Waste plastic mix concrete with and without superplasticizer was tested at room temperature. Forty-eight cube samples were moulded for compressive strength tests at three, seven, and twenty-eight days. Eight beams were also cast to study the flexural strength characteristic of waste plastic mix concrete. It was found that the reduction in workability and

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28

Fomin, Petr, and Christian Kargel. "Performance Evaluation of a Time-Gated Fluorescence Spectroscopy Measurement System for the Classification and Recycling of Plastics." Applied Spectroscopy 73, no. 6 (2019): 610–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0003702819831278.

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Plastics have many unrivaled properties and are thus indispensable materials with an ever-increasing production. Since the plastics recycling rates are still small, the plastic waste that ends up on landfills, in the environment including oceans, and incineration plants also steadily grows. Large-scale automated sorting of waste plastics may help solve the problem. However, most state-of-the-art approaches are limited to a (very) small number of plastic types that can be simultaneously sorted and have severe difficulties with black plastics. The labeling of plastics with fluorescent tracers (“

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29

Kocot, Agnieszka. "Impact of Artificial Waste on the Strength of Cementitious Composites." Proceedings 34, no. 1 (2019): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2019034011.

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Every year number of municipal wastes increases. Despite of belonging to the countries with landfill ban, over 35% of municipal wastes in Poland were disposed to landfills in 2018. Abandoned artificial wastes can endanger whole environment including human. Scientists and students try to reduce arising number of artificial wastes by turning it into construction materials. Plastic waste material can replace natural aggregate in cementitious composites. Addition of artificial wastes decreases density of composites, but also affects their strength significantly. Properties of cementitious composit

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Daioui, Khaled, Thami Zeghloul, Nils Perbet, and Lucian Dascalescu. "Tribo-electrostatic separation of plastic flakes originating from packaging waste." Journal of Electrostatics 134 (March 2025): 104046. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.elstat.2025.104046.

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Kim, Donghwi, Youngjae Ryu, Ju-Heon Lee, and Sung Woon Cha. "Effect of Aluminum Flakes on Mechanical and Optical Properties of Foam Injection Molded Parts." Polymers 13, no. 17 (2021): 2930. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13172930.

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Injection research using aluminum flakes has been conducted to realize metallic textures on the surface of plastic products. Several studies have focused on the effect of the orientation and quality of the flakes when using conventional injection molding methods; however, limited studies have focused on the foam injection molding method. In this study, we examined the orientation of aluminum flakes through foam injection with an inert gas and observed the changes in texture using a spectrophotometer and a gloss meter. The mechanical properties were also studied because the rigidity of the prod

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Moroni, Monica. "Investigation of a Hydraulic Channel for Plastic Particles Sorting via Experimental and Numerical Tools." Separations 11, no. 1 (2023): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/separations11010005.

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In recent decades, the versatility of fossil-based polymers has led them to become one of the most used materials for the production of several consumer goods. The destiny of post-consumer plastics is crucial for environmental sustainability. Two are the alternatives to landfilling: (i) energy recovery, i.e., replacement of traditional fuel with plastic litter, and (ii) recycling, i.e., processing of plastic wastes to produce secondary raw materials that may substitute primary raw materials. This work presents the investigation of a device for the hydraulic separation of heterogeneous plastic

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Bonifazi, Giuseppe, Ludovica Fiore, Riccardo Gasbarrone, Roberta Palmieri, and Silvia Serranti. "Hyperspectral Imaging Applied to WEEE Plastic Recycling: A Methodological Approach." Sustainability 15, no. 14 (2023): 11345. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su151411345.

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In this study, the possibility of applying the hyperspectral imaging (HSI) technique in the Short-Wave InfraRed (SWIR) spectral range to characterize polymeric parts coming from Waste from Electric and Electronic Equipment (WEEE) is explored. Different case studies are presented referring to the identification of (i) plastic flakes inside a mixed waste stream coming from a recycling plant of monitors and flat screens, (ii) different polymers inside a mixed plastic waste stream coming from End-Of-Life (EOL) electronic device housings and trims, (iii) contaminants (i.e., metals) in a mix of shre

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Dr.S.Robert, Ravi, and Dr.A.N.Swaminathen. "Use of Plastic for Sustainable Concrete." Journal of Engineering Analysis and Design 5, no. 2 (2023): 19–23. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8157890.

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<em>Disposing</em><em> of plastic waste in the environment is seen as a major problem due to its low biodegradability and abundance. Recently, research has been carried out on the treatment of these wastes with large stones, where the durability of the concrete will be an important consideration. The use of plastic has the advantage of low consumption and to some extent solves the problem of plastic waste. Plastic waste can be mixed into concrete in some way without affecting other materials and without affecting its strength. In this investigation the mix design is carried out as per IS 10262

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35

Cucuzza, Paola, Silvia Serranti, Giuseppe Bonifazi, and Giuseppe Capobianco. "Effective Recycling Solutions for the Production of High-Quality PET Flakes Based on Hyperspectral Imaging and Variable Selection." Journal of Imaging 7, no. 9 (2021): 181. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jimaging7090181.

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In this study, effective solutions for polyethylene terephthalate (PET) recycling based on hyperspectral imaging (HSI) coupled with variable selection method, were developed and optimized. Hyperspectral images of post-consumer plastic flakes, composed by PET and small quantities of other polymers, considered as contaminants, were acquired in the short-wave infrared range (SWIR: 1000–2500 nm). Different combinations of preprocessing sets coupled with a variable selection method, called competitive adaptive reweighted sampling (CARS), were applied to reduce the number of spectral bands useful to

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36

Septin, Arizqi Kurnia, Kafidin Muzakki, and Devika Cherly Putrihadiningrum. "ANALISIS PENENTUAN HARGA POKOK PRODUKSI RECYCLE PET FLAKES DENGAN METODE FULL COSTING (Studi KASUS PT ABADI SINAR BARU INDAH)." GREENOMIKA 4, no. 1 (2022): 23–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.55732/unu.gnk.2022.04.1.3.

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This research is motivated by the increasing number of plastic waste scattered on this earth. The world's oceans are also increasingly polluted with plastic waste carried out by some people on this earth. Not far from happening in Indonesia. Indonesia is the second largest contributor to plastic waste in the world. How not, almost all Indonesian people daily encounter plastic to support their daily routines such as consuming food and drinks wrapped in plastic, shopping, and so on. Therefore PT. Abadi Sinar Baru Indah utilizes plastic waste which aims to reduce the spread of waste among the com

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Ren Yew, Yek. "Utilization of PET Flakes in Enhancing the Compressive Strength of Concrete." Journal of Mechanical Engineering 22, no. 2 (2025): 59–70. https://doi.org/10.24191/jmeche.v22i2.6178.

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Waste is increasing at an alarming rate globally, and in particular, plastic-based waste, polyethylene terephthalate (PET). PET is chemically inert and is non-biodegradable in the environment, thus, it poses a significant environmental challenge globally. In order to reduce plastic waste, engineers and scientists have attempted to recycle PET waste into construction-based technology as reinforcements. Previous investigations have shown that there is some enhancement to the mechanical behavior of PET reinforced concrete, but the results are varied. The mechanical properties of PET-reinforced co

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Kula, Anna, Ludwik Blaz, and Patrycja Lobry. "Structure and Properties Studies of Rapidly Solidified Al-Mn Alloys." Key Engineering Materials 682 (February 2016): 199–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.682.199.

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Rapid solidification (RS) combined with plastic consolidation by hot extrusion was used to produce Al alloys with additions of varied concentration of Mn. RS flakes were manufactured using an inert gas atomizing of the molten alloy and the spray deposition on the water-cooled cooper roll. Rods of 7mm in diameter were received using cold pressing of RS-flakes, vacuum degassing and hot extrusion procedures. Mechanical properties of as extruded materials were tested in hot compression at temperature range 293K - 773K. It was found that the flow stress was reduced monotonically with deformation te

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Sastry, K. Y., Ludo Froyen, Jef Vleugels, Omer Van der Biest, R. Schattevoy, and K. Hummert. "Field Assisted Sintering Consolidation of Al-Si-Fe-X Alloy Powder/Flakes Produced through Air Atomization/Melt Spinning." Materials Science Forum 519-521 (July 2006): 1409–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.519-521.1409.

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Melt-spun flakes and air atomised powder of a multi-component Al-Si-Fe-X alloy were consolidated by field assisted (FAST) or spark plasma sintering (SPS) in vacuum using steel dies and punches. Experiments were carried out at 350, 400, 450 and 500°C under applied loads ranging from 81 to 283 MPa. The resulting compacts were microstructurally and mechanically characterized. Ultimate strength values up to 1000 MPa and plastic strains up to 20% were observed during compression tests. The effect of the powder shape on the sintering behaviour is compared. The effect of process parameters such as te

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Dany, Ho, Wong Whui Dhong, Koh Weng Jiata, Tan Kiant Leong, Nor Yuliana Yuhana, and Gilbert Tan. "Deodorizing Methods for Recycled High-density Polyethylene Plastic Wastes." Materiale Plastice 58, no. 3 (2021): 129–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.37358/mp.21.3.5511.

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The recycling of high-density polyethylene plastic (HDPE) plays a crucial role in sustainable development. However, obstacles to the use of recycled HDPE remain because of the material and processing properties and odors of recycled HDPE. The odor of recycled detergent bottle plastic leads to rejection by most detergent manufacturers. Recently, some recycling enterprises have adapted recycling with odor reduction processes involving the use of solvents, antimicrobial additives, and odor extraction units in feeders and extruders. However, these processes may affect the quality and cost of recyc

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Dany, Ho, Wong Whui Dhong, Koh Weng Jiata, Tan Kiant Leong, Nor Yuliana Yuhana, and Gilbert Tan. "Deodorizing Methods for Recycled High-density Polyethylene Plastic Wastes." Materiale Plastice 58, no. 3 (2021): 129–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.37358/mp.21.3.5511.

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The recycling of high-density polyethylene plastic (HDPE) plays a crucial role in sustainable development. However, obstacles to the use of recycled HDPE remain because of the material and processing properties and odors of recycled HDPE. The odor of recycled detergent bottle plastic leads to rejection by most detergent manufacturers. Recently, some recycling enterprises have adapted recycling with odor reduction processes involving the use of solvents, antimicrobial additives, and odor extraction units in feeders and extruders. However, these processes may affect the quality and cost of recyc

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Bonifazi, Giuseppe, Giuseppe Capobianco, Paola Cucuzza, Silvia Serranti, and Andrea Uzzo. "Recycling-oriented characterization of PET waste stream by SWIR hyperspectral imaging and variable selection methods." Volume 18 - March 2022, no. 18 (March 31, 2022): 42–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.31025/2611-4135/2022.15168.

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The proposed study was carried out to develop a fast and efficient strategy for plastic waste sensor-based sorting in recycling plants, based on hyperspectral imaging (HSI), combined with variable selection methods, to produce a high-quality recycled polyethylene terephthalate (PET) flakes stream. Variable selection techniques were applied in order to identify a limited number of spectral bands useful to recognize the presence of other plastic materials, considered as contaminant, inside a stream of recycled PET flakes, reducing processing time as requested by sorting online applications. Post

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Wang, T., and R. A. Bohls. "Feeding Tests on Toxicity of Insecticidal Baits to Rangeland Grasshoppers, 1990." Insecticide and Acaricide Tests 16, no. 1 (1991): 298. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/iat/16.1.298.

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Abstract Toxicity of Dimilin (diflubenzuron) 1.0% and carbaryl 2.0% in wheat bran as insecticidal bait was evaluated under laboratory conditions against 8 economically important species of grasshoppers, including both bran “acceptor” and “rejector” species. Fourth instar nymphal grasshoppers were collected in Edgemont and in Belle Fourche, S.D., Jul through Aug. They were held without food for 24 h and then individually offered 3 plain or treated bran flakes (0.0039 g) in glass vials (20 ml). Over a 4-d period, forty nymphs of each species were used for each bait treatment and plain bran contr

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Yang, Fan. "The Feasibility Analysis and Development of the PET Regenerated Staple Fiber Industry." Applied Mechanics and Materials 733 (February 2015): 990–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.733.990.

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Waste PET bottles which is the main ingredients are PET (polyethylene terephthalate), is not easy to degrade under natural conditions. If without recycling rationally, waste plastic bottles will pollute the environment, that is of no advantage for “the construction of resource saving and environment-friendly society”. This paper introduces a new kind of recycling way – the technology of regenerating fibers – that will process the recycled PET bottle flakes into staple fiber (a kind of textile raw materials). And finally it can produce various raw materials of textile garments by the staple fib

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Claypole, Andrew, James Claypole, Liam Kilduff, David Gethin, and Tim Claypole. "Stretchable Carbon and Silver Inks for Wearable Applications." Nanomaterials 11, no. 5 (2021): 1200. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano11051200.

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For wearable electronic devices to be fully integrated into garments, without restricting or impeding movement, requires flexible and stretchable inks and coatings, which must have consistent performance and recover from mechanical strain. Combining Carbon Black (CB) and ammonia plasma functionalized Graphite Nanoplatelets (GNPs) in a Thermoplastic Polyurethane (TPU) resin created a conductive ink that could stretch to substrate failure (>300% nominal strain) and cyclic strains of up to 100% while maintaining an electrical network. This highly stretchable, conductive screen-printable ink wa

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Khairunnisak, Khairunnisak, Rasyadhifa As Sahira, Aini Syafitri, et al. "Literature Review: Microplastic Content in the Digestive Tracts of Fish in Indonesian Waters." International Journal of Health Sciences 2, no. 2 (2024): 752–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.59585/ijhs.v2i2.397.

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Plastic waste is the biggest problem that is happening in Indonesia. Plastic waste has resistance and the nature of Persiden. Increased production and low recovery rates cause accumulation of plastic flakes in waters called microplastic. Microplastic has the potential to be swallowed by aquatic biota that can cause internal bleeding and blockage of the digestive tract. Hue microplastic will affect humans who consume them. One of the aquatic biota that is often contaminated by microplastic is fish. Research related to microplastic contamination in the digestive tract of fish has often been carr

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Lakshmi, N. K. Mahaa, and M. Kumar. "Experimental Analysis on the Stability of the Soil Using Medical Waste." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 11, no. 6 (2023): 3566–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2023.54337.

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Abstract: Due to pandemic and other health care activities, there is an increase in generation of Medicine and Medical waste also Out of which 85% of Hospital waste disposed are general non-hazardous waste that can be recycled and reused. On the other hand, there is a need in increasing the strength of the sub-grade economically. Therefore attempts has been made to recycle the medical waste and are used as a soil stabilizer material to increase the strength of the sub-grade. In this project, Medical waste such as Plastic flakes and Expired tablets are used as a stabilizer. The effect of stabil

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Ankit, malik, and Munjal Nitish. "Tendency of Water Absorption in Fiber Reinforced Composition." Research and Reviews: Journal of Mechanics and Machines 2, no. 3 (2020): 1–3. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4072972.

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<em>When the situation changes and enough resources are needed to carry the service loads and conditions are not available then one should not have the ability to know the most advanced turbine or flight pattern. Combined materials used in this regard mean a major step towards consistent accumulation of material performance. Compounds are a mixture of two or more materials such as reinforced plastics, metals, or pottery. Stabilization may be in the form of fibers, particles, beards or lamellae and be embedded in a suitable matrix, thus providing the material containing the most useful structur

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Barbosa, Vanessa Camarinha, Edwin Elard Garcia-Rojas, Jane Sélia dos Reis Coimbra, Paula de Aguiar Cipriano, Eduardo Basílio de Oliveira, and Javier Telis-Romero. "Thermophysical and rheological properties of dulce de leche with and without coconut flakes as a function of temperature." Food Science and Technology 33, no. 1 (2013): 93–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0101-20612013005000009.

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Dulce de leche (DL), a dairy dessert highly appreciated in Brazil, is a concentrated product containing about 70% m/m of total solids. Thermophysical and rheological properties of two industrial Brazilian Dulce de leche formulations (classic Dulce de leche and Dulce de leche added with coconut flakes 1.5% m/m) were determined at temperatures comprised between 28.4 and 76.4 °C. In general, no significant differences (p < 0.05) were observed in the presence of coconut flakes in the two formulations. Heat capacity varied from 2633.2 to 3101.8 J/kg.°C; thermal conductivity from 0.383 to 0.452 W

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Wijerathne, A. D. H. T., M. T. T. Ranjan, and U. I. K. Galappaththi. "Guidelines for Manufacturing Waterproof Partition Boards Using the Fibre Reinforced Plastics (FRP) Waste from the Boatbuilding Sector." International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation 09, no. 09 (2022): 128–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.51244/ijrsi.2022.9911.

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The manufacturing and disposal stages of Fibre Reinforced Plastic (FRP) boats become very significant since they generate environmentally hazardous waste. Although most boat manufacturers have upgraded their facilities to minimize waste, the amount of waste generated is directly proportional to the size of the FRP boats. One option for dealing with the waste generated by the FRP boatbuilding industry is to use FRP recyclate for the production of waterproof partition boards. Under the current research, eleven specific manufacturing guidelines for developing waterproof partition boards using rec

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