Journal articles: 'Plastic, Reconstructive and Maxillofacial Surgery'

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Wolfort, Francis G. "Plastic, Maxillofacial and Reconstructive Surgery." Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery 100, no. 5 (October 1997): 1355. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006534-199710000-00047.

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Woods, John E. "Essentials of Plastic, Maxillofacial, and Reconstructive Surgery." Mayo Clinic Proceedings 62, no. 7 (July 1987): 644–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0025-6196(12)62321-0.

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Khoo, C. T. K. "Essentials of plastic, maxillofacial and reconstructive surgery." British Journal of Plastic Surgery 41, no. 1 (January 1988): 102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0007-1226(88)90160-9.

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Lash, Harvey. "Essentials of Plastic, Maxillofacial, and Reconstructive Surgery." Annals of Plastic Surgery 19, no. 5 (November 1987): A—12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000637-198711000-00023.

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Georgiade, Gregory S., Nicholas G. Georgiade, Donald Riefkohl, William J. Barwick, and Brentley A. Buchele. "Textbook in Plastic, Maxillofacial and Reconstructive Surgery." Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery 95, no. 2 (February 1995): 415. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006534-199502000-00030.

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Georgiade, Nicholas G., Gregory S. Georgiade, Ronald Reifkohl, and William J. Barwick. "Essentials of Plastic, Maxillofacial, and Reconstructive Surgery." Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery 81, no. 1 (January 1988): 131. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006534-198801000-00025.

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Frame, John W. "Essentials of plastic, maxillofacial and reconstructive surgery." British Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery 27, no. 3 (June 1989): 263. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0266-4356(89)90158-7.

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Barham, Chris. "Anaesthesia for dental, maxillofacial, plastic and reconstructive surgery." Current Opinion in Anaesthesiology 4, no. 6 (December 1991): 787–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00001503-199112000-00005.

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&NA;. "VENEZUELAN SOCIETY OF PLASTIC, RECONSTRUCTIVE, AESTHETIC AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY." Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery 95, no. 2 (February 1995): 439. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006534-199502000-00109.

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Georgiade, Gregory S., Nicholas G. Georgiade, Ronald Riefkohl, William J. Barwick, and R. C. A. Weatherley-White. "Textbook of Plastic, Maxillofacial and Reconstructive Surgery, Second Edition." Annals of Plastic Surgery 30, no. 6 (June 1993): 571. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000637-199306000-00026.

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&NA;. "VENEZUELAN SOCIETY OF PLASTIC, RECONSTRUCTIVE, AESTHETIC, AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY." Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery 90, no. 5 (November 1992): 942. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006534-199211000-00093.

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Kulbakin, Denis, Yevgeniy Choynzonov, Marat Mukhamedov, Yevgeniy Garbukov, Ruslan Vasilev, and A. Shiyanova. "RECONSTRUCTIVE PLASTIC SURGERY IN TREATMENT OF PATIENTS WITH MALIGNANT TUMORS OF THE ORAL CAVITY." Problems in oncology 64, no. 5 (May 1, 2018): 602–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.37469/0507-3758-2018-64-5-602-606.

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Introduction: Currently the problems of treating patients with advanced carcinomas of the oral cavity, and especially the reconstructive surgery for this causes, are very relevant. Materials and methods: We analyzed 127 reconstructive operations performed for patients with oral cancer. We used free (90 cases - 71%) and pedicle (37 cases - 29%) flaps for the reconstruction. Results: Good functional results were achieved in most cases (85%). Adequate mobility of the tongue was restored by using skin-fascial flaps. In cases of reconstruction of the maxillofacial region (mandible and maxilla) with the use of bone flaps it was possible to restore the continuity of mandible and maxilla, the natural contour of the face and the opening of the mouth. Conclusions: To achieve good functional and cosmetic results as well as to reduce postoperative complications of reconstructive surgery in patients with oral cavity tumors an adequate reconstructive material should be selected depending on the prevalence of the tumor process, the volume of reconstruction and previous treatment.

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N., Priscilla Valentine, Agus Santoso Budi, and Lobredia Zarasade. "Palate Fracture Profile in Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery of Soetomo Hospital : January 2012 – December 2017." Jurnal Rekonstruksi dan Estetik 4, no. 1 (January 8, 2021): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/jre.v4i1.29216.

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Background: Palatal fractures are often associated with maxillofacial fractures and Le Fort fractures. The diagnosis and management of palatal fractures in the midface area is a challenge for a plastic surgeon in restoring function and aesthetics. With the results of this study, it is expected to be a database of maxillofacial fractures treated at SMF Reconstructive Plastic Surgery and Aesthetic Dr. Soetomo, Surabaya and gave the ability to make a fast and precise diagnosis for time and technical maxillofacial fractures.Methods : This study uses medical record data for all patients diagnosed with palatal fractures in Dr. Soetomo General Hospital, Surabaya during January 2012 to December 2017. The variables studied were demographic data including sex, age, mechanism of occurrence of accidents, types of fractures, management, complications that occur and length of treatment.Results : There were 82 patients with palatal fractures, with traffic accidents being the most common cause of palate fracture (n = 61) followed by workplace accidents and households in second place (12 and 9%). Most sufferers were men (68%), women (14%) with the highest age range of men aged 19-30 years who were followed by ages 31-45. The most were parasagittal fractures (56%), then Sagittal (15%), paraalveolar (9%), alveolar (1%), comminutive (1%). no fractures with anterior and posterolateral alveolar types, posterolateral type or transverse type fractures. Hospitalization period with plating (12 days), transmolar wiring (10.6 days), conservative (13.8 days).Conclusions: In this study assessed the experience in the reconstruction and aesthetic plastic surgery department of Dr. Soetomo General Hospital regarding palatal fractures and accompanying demographic data. The type of fracture that occurs is also related to the management performed. Incomplete medical records caused problems in this study.

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Topolnitsky, O. Z., and E. D. Askerov. "Probability assessment of facial nerve injury in children and adolescents during the elective maxillofacial surgery." Pediatric dentistry and dental profilaxis 21, no. 1 (April 16, 2021): 32–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.33925/1683-3031-2021-21-1-32-34.

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Relevance. Various factors can cause facial neuropathy. Iatrogenic facial nerve injury in childhood and adolescence is a complicated medical, psychological and legal problem. Risk assessment of the facial nerve injury during the elective maxillofacial surgeries is required depending on the localization of the procedure. The statistical assessment is very important for the evaluation of the possible iatrogenic facial neuropathy in children and adolescents during the elective maxillofacial surgeries.Materials and methods. 715 medical records for 2017 from the Department of Pediatric Maxillofacial Surgery of the MSUMD Clinical Center for Maxillofacial, Reconstructive and Plastic Surgery were analyzed.Results. There was a risk of injury to the trunk or branches of the facial nerve during surgery in 121 cases (16,9%) for the technical complexity of the surgical approach and the pathology location.Conclusions. There is a high risk of the facial nerve injury during the elective maxillofacial surgery in children and adolescents due to the complex anatomy of the area. Intraoperative neuromonitoring is recommended to prevent iatrogenic neuropathy of the facial nerve.

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Singhal, Maneesh, Ravikiran Naalla, Aniket Dave, Moumita De, Deepti Gupta, and Shashank Chauhan. "The role of plastic and reconstructive surgeon in trauma care: Perspectives from a Level 1 trauma centre in India." Indian Journal of Plastic Surgery 51, no. 02 (May 2018): 170–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/ijps.ijps_212_17.

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ABSTRACT Background: As the morbidity and mortality due to trauma are ever increasing, there is proportionally growing need of trauma care facilities across the country. In the context of expanding designated trauma care facilities, the role of plastic and reconstructive surgeon needs to be analysed and defined at least at a Level 1 trauma centre. Materials and Methods: We included the patients who were operated under the department of plastic, reconstructive & burns surgery at a Level 1 urban trauma centre between January 2016 and December 2017. We analysed the demographic data and categorised operative data according to anatomical areas and interacting specialties. Results: A total of 1539 procedures were performed under the division of plastic reconstructive and burn surgery. Amongst them, 81% were male, and 19% were female. Mean age was 27.3 years (range: 3–90 years). The anatomical locations treated were upper limb (49%), lower limb (35%), head and neck (8%) and trunk (8%). Interdepartmental cases were 600 and majority of them were in collaboration with orthopaedics (n = 298), general surgery (n = 163), neurosurgery (79) and maxillofacial surgery (60). Conclusion: There is a significant role of plastic surgeon at a Level 1 trauma centre in India. The plastic surgeon's interventions are limb saving and sometimes lifesaving, many at times morbidity of post-traumatic sequelae are either prevented or treated. Along with other core specialties involved in the management of trauma, plastic surgeons play an integral role in a Level 1 trauma centre. The policymakers should take note to augment the number of plastic surgeons at a Level 1 apex trauma centre on par with other specialties, as the workload is heavy and is steadily on an increasing trend.

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Onda, Nobuto, Shintaro Chiba, Hiroto Moriwaki, Rika Sawai, Akira Yoshigoe, Subaru Watanabe, Yuji Ando, Ryo Uchida, Takeshi Miyawaki, and Kota Wada. "Withdrawal of Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Therapy after Malar Advancement and Le Fort II Distraction in a Case of Apert Syndrome with Obstructive Sleep Apnea." Case Reports in Otolaryngology 2015 (2015): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/125023.

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Apert syndrome is a congenital syndrome characterized by craniosynostosis and craniofacial dysostosis, among other features, and is reported to cause obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) because of upper airway narrowing associated with midfacial dysplasia. We recently encountered a case involving a patient with Apert syndrome complicated by OSA who began to receive continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy at the age of 4. OSA resolved after maxillofacial surgery performed at the age of 11, and CPAP was eventually withdrawn. In pediatric patients with maxillofacial dysplasia complicated by OSA, a long-term treatment plan including CPAP in addition to maxillofacial plastic and reconstructive surgery should be considered in view of the effects of OSA on growth.

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Diepenbrock, Ryan M., and Rian W. Suihkonen. "Facial Cosmetic Surgery Training in American Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Residency Programs." American Journal of Cosmetic Surgery 36, no. 2 (December 10, 2018): 91–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0748806818813048.

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Facial cosmetic surgery is rapidly being incorporated into the contemporary oral and maxillofacial surgery (OMS) practice. The Commission on Dental Accreditation (CODA), the accreditation body for American Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery residencies, mandates a minimum requirement in 4 major categories. Facial cosmetic surgery procedures are included in the “Facial Cosmetic and Reconstruction” category. This requirement stipulates that each graduating resident must complete at least 20 facial cosmetic and/or facial reconstructive procedures. We hypothesized that some OMS programs meet and exceed the minimum graduation requirement set forth by the CODA in the facial cosmetic and reconstruction category solely with cosmetic procedures. We also speculated that some OMS programs surpassed the minimal graduation requirements of medical specialties most commonly associated with performing facial cosmetic procedures. Finally, the research was intended to investigate whether there was a difference, in terms of cosmetic surgery experience, between 4-year OMS certificate programs and OMS programs with an incorporated medical degree (dual degree or 6-year program). Surveys were sent to all 102 CODA-accredited OMS programs. These data were analyzed to evaluate the total number of facial cosmetic procedures completed at each institution over a 5-year period and the average number of facial cosmetic surgery procedures per chief resident. In addition, a comparison was made between single and dual degree programs. Finally, these numbers were compared with medical residencies/fellowship accredited by the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME). Twenty-two of 102 programs returned the survey. Over the 5-year period (2011-2016), accredited OMS programs completed an average of 211 facial cosmetic procedures ranging from zero procedures to 1073. Genioplasties and rhinoplasties were the most common facial cosmetic surgery procedures tallied. Four-year OMS programs completed 20.3 procedures per chief resident while dual degree programs completed 9.7 cases on average. OMS programs with the largest volume of cases reached and exceeded many of the minimum procedure requirements set forth by plastic and reconstructive surgery residency programs and American Academy of Cosmetic Surgery Fellowships. With the vast differences among training requirements, it is challenging to assess what is a reasonable number of procedures to ensure a surgeon is comfortable and, more importantly, competent and proficient. When compared with the variability of requirements from medical specialties that commonly perform facial cosmetic procedures, the data support that comprehensive experience in facial cosmetic surgery is attainable within American Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Residencies.

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Silin, A. V., E. A. Satygo, M. G. Semenov, E. I. Semeleva, N. A. Kondrateva, and M. B. Trushko. "Functional status of maxillofacial area in children with asymmetric congenital abnormalities and acquired maxillofacial deformities." Kazan medical journal 93, no. 5 (October 15, 2012): 760–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/kmj1705.

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Aim. To determine the masticatory muscles functional activity change in children with congenital abnormalities of maxillofacial area and acquired maxillofacial deformities at the stages of reconstructive plastic surgery. Methods. 10 children at the age from 10 to 14 years with acquired (1st group - 5 patients with secondary temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis, asymmetric micrognathia) and unilateral congenital maxillofacial deformities (2nd group - 5 patients with I-II branchial arches syndrome, asymmetric micrognathia) were examined. Occlusion parameters and electromyographic features of masticatory muscles were analyzed. Results. Occlusal contact estimation did not reveal any significant differences between the groups. The symmetry of masticatory muscles at teeth clenching was higher in children with acquired asymmetric micrognathia (the index of asymmetry at electromyography 1.95±2.1%) compared to children with congenital asymmetric micrognathia (the index of asymmetry at electromyography 23.06±18.8%), p=0.005. Total activation index of masticatory muscles at electromyography ranged from 143 to 64% in patients with temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis and from 127 to 75% in children with I-II branchial arches syndrome. None of the patients included in the study had any complaints of temporomandibular joint and masticatory muscles condition. This was confirmed by no difference in muscular balance static index in two groups. Nevertheless, in patients with I-II branchial arches syndrome a much more sufficient asymmetry was observed. Orthodontic treatment and reconstructive surgery did not succeed in asymmetry index restoration to normal ranges. Conclusion. In children with symmetric abnormalities and acquired deformities functional status of maxillofacial area can be rapidly restored after reconstructive treatment at well-planned orthodontic rehabilitation; maxillofacial area functional status in patients with unilateral abnormalities can not be fully restored, since muscle asymmetry persists for a long time.

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Power, Dominic, and Simon Tan. "Microsurgery training courses in Singapore." Bulletin of the Royal College of Surgeons of England 89, no. 2 (February 1, 2007): 54–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1308/147363507x173409.

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Microsurgical training is essential for those embarking on a career in plastic surgery, maxillofacial surgery or hand surgery. Training courses in the UK are generally oversubscribed with long waiting lists and course fees are now in excess of £1,000 for a five-day basic microsurgery training course. With our meagre study-leave budgets already stretched beyond breaking point, we decided to look for cheaper alternatives. A Singaporean colleague recommended the department of hand and reconstructive microsurgery at the National University Hospital (NUH), Singapore.

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Shokri, Tom, Weitao Wang, Jason E. Cohn, Sameep Kadakia, and Yadranko Ducic. "Premaxillary Deficiency: Techniques in Augmentation and Reconstruction." Seminars in Plastic Surgery 34, no. 02 (May 2020): 092–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1709175.

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AbstractProgressive premaxillary retrusion is a common sequela of the facial aging process. In most cases, this manifests with central maxillary recession. Central maxillary insufficiency is also commonly encountered within certain ethnic communities, or in cleft lip nasal deformity, and may represent a challenge for the plastic and reconstructive surgeon attempting correction in the setting of facial contouring, rhinoplasty, or reconstruction following oncologic resection or trauma. Aesthetically, premaxillary retrusion may be coincident with an acute nasolabial angle and ptotic nasal tip. Minor deformities may be addressed with use of either alloplastic implants, autogenous tissue, lipotransfer, or injectable filler. Larger composite defects may require reconstruction with implementation of free tissue transfer. Herein, we describe techniques that aim to augment, or reconstruct, the premaxillary region in the context of nasal deformity, osseous resorption, or composite maxillofacial defects.

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Stepanova, Yulia Vladimirovna, and Margarita Sergeevna Tsyplakova. "THE MAIN DIRECTIONS IN THE COMPLEX REHABILITATION OF CHILDREN WITH CLEFT LIP AND PALATE." Pediatric Traumatology, Orthopaedics and Reconstructive Surgery 1, no. 1 (March 15, 2013): 36–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/ptors1136-43.

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Complex treatment of children with cleft lip and palate is complicated and multi-step. Treatment is conducted by high-skilled specialists. The organization and execution of this complex are possible only at the large specialized center. Coordinator of this work is the maxillofacial surgeon. The performance of rehabilitation circuits includes preoperative orthodontic and orthopedic treatment, operative intervention (reconstructive and plastic surgery), orthodontic and orthopedic treatment after operation. Post-operative conservative treatment prevents the development of secondary deformities of the nose and upper lip. Professional psychological help and long supervision promote the achievement of good social adaptation of patients with congenital cleft lip and palate, improvement of their health.

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Jeremic, Jelena, Zivorad Nikolic, Lazar Drcic, Aleksandar Petrovic, Katarina Jeremic, and Vladimir Todorovic. "Application of radial forearm free flap in extraoral soft tissue head and neck reconstruction." Vojnosanitetski pregled 66, no. 4 (2009): 290–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/vsp0904290j.

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Background/Aim. Radial forearm free flap, highly regarded in head and neck reconstructive surgery, is known to be one of the most reliable and versatile flaps. The aim of this study was to illustrate the versatility and reliability of a radial forearm flap in reconstruction of a variety of extraoral head and neck defects. Methods. During a period 2001-2007 at the Clinic for Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry and the Center for Burns, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery in Belgrade, 19 patients underwent microsurgical reconstructions after extraoral tumor ablation in the head and neck region, using fasciocutaneous radial forearm free flap. Results. The overall flap survival rate was 89,5%. The complications that appeared were one partial necrosis and one venous thrombosis that in spite of reanastomosis resulted in a complete flap failure. The donor site healed uneventfully in all patients, except one, who had a partial skin graft failure, that ended in a secondary skin grafting. Conclusion. For reconstruction in head and neck surgery, with the need for thin, pliable tissues and a long vascular pedicle, radial forearm flap still remains a primary choice. Because of their multiple advantages, free flaps from the radial forearm is a safe method for reconstruction of a variety of extensive extraoral soft tissue defects in the head and neck region.

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Osagie, Liza, Shalin Shaunak, Aasim Murtaza, Sonja Cerovac, and Shamim Umarji. "Advances in 3D Modeling: Preoperative Templating for Revision Wrist Surgery." HAND 12, no. 5 (November 29, 2016): NP68—NP72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1558944716681973.

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Background: Three-dimensional (3D) printing is a computer-directed process leading to the layered synthesis of scaled models. The popularity and availability of the technique has exponentially increased over the last decade, and as such is seeing a greater number of medical and surgical applications. Methods: We report 3 cases involving the use of 3D printing as an aid to operative planning in the revision of wrist surgery. Results: All patients underwent successful operative interventions with a £34 average cost of model creation. Conclusions: A growing number of reports are emerging in reconstructive surgical specialities including maxillofacial, orthopedic, and plastic surgery; from our experience, we advocate the economically viable use of 3D printing for preoperative templating.

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Farber, Scott J., Dennis C. Nguyen, Gary B. Skolnick, Albert S. Woo, and Kamlesh B. Patel. "Current Management of Zygomaticomaxillary Complex Fractures: A Multidisciplinary Survey and Literature Review." Craniomaxillofacial Trauma & Reconstruction 9, no. 4 (December 2016): 313–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0036-1592093.

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Despite the prevalence of zygomaticomaxillary complex (ZMC) fractures, there is no consensus regarding the best approach to management. The aim of this study is to determine differences in ZMC fracture treatment among various surgical specialties. A survey was conducted regarding treatment of patients with different ZMC fractures that included a minimally displaced fracture (Case 1), a displaced fracture without diplopia (Case 2), a displaced fracture with diplopia (Case 3), and a complex comminuted fracture (Case 4). The survey was distributed to members of plastic surgery, oral maxillofacial surgery, and otolaryngology societies. The rates of surgical treatment, exploration of the orbital floor, and plating three or more buttresses were analyzed among the specialties. A total of 173 surgeons participated (46 plastic and reconstructive surgeons, 25 oral and maxillofacial surgeons, and 102 otolaryngologists). In Case 1, a significantly higher percentage of plastic surgeons recommend an operation ( p < 0.01) compared with other specialties. More than 90% of surgeons would perform an operation on Case 2. Plastic surgeons explored the orbital floor ( p < 0.01) and also fixated three or more buttresses more frequently ( p < 0.01). More than 93% of surgeons would operate on Case 3, with plastic surgeons having the greatest proportion who fixed three or more buttresses ( p < 0.01). In Case 4, there was no difference in treatment patterns between specialties. Across the specialties, more fixation was placed by surgeons with fewer years in practice (<10 years). Conclusion There is no consensus on standard treatment of ZMC fractures, as made evident by the survey. Significant variability in fracture type warrants an individualized approach to management. A thorough review on ZMC fracture management is provided.

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Khairiza, Rizka, and Muhammad Rizqy Setyarto. "Neglected Fracture in Maxillofacial: Case Series." Jurnal Plastik Rekonstruksi 7, no. 2 (September 30, 2020): 51–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.14228/jprjournal.v7i2.308.

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Introduction: Neglected fracture is a condition of fracture that is not handled or mishandled, resulting in a state of delay in treatment, or a worse condition and even a disability. The technical difficulty was associated with a greater incidence of complications and often lead to a suboptimal result. A more precise understanding of maxillofacial fracture's demographic patterns will help healthcare providers manage maxillofacial injuries. Method: Twenty-nine patients with neglected maxillofacial fractures were registered in the Division of Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Dr. Kariadi Central-General Hospital Semarang, January 2015 to December 2018. The collected information included gender, age, etiology, and site of fracture. Some of the cases are presented. Result: Neglected fracture of maxillofacial occurred predominantly in young adults. The male population was more frequently affected (62%)—most patients with neglected maxillofacial fractures associated with MVA (84%). The Mandible was the most common site of the fracture, followed by ZMC. Conclusion: The possibility of a fracture of Mandible and ZMC or adjacent bones should be considered in any facial trauma, especially related to MVA injury. Early and proper management will provide a better result.

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Chirico, Fabrizio, Giuseppe Colella, Antonio Cortese, Pierfrancesco Bove, Romolo Fragola, Luigi Rugge, Giovanni Audino, Nicola Sgaramella, and Gianpaolo Tartaro. "Non-Surgical Touch-Up with Hyaluronic Acid Fillers Following Facial Reconstructive Surgery." Applied Sciences 11, no. 16 (August 16, 2021): 7507. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11167507.

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The use of hyaluronic acid (HA) injectable fillers has become increasingly widespread in facial recontouring and rejuvenation. We report our experiences to emphasize the role of HA fillers as tools beyond aesthetic treatments in cases of post-surgical facial sequelae. HA fillers are generally used for aesthetic rejuvenation, but one potential new horizon could be their application in trauma, reconstructive, and craniofacial surgery. This study was conducted retrospectively, evaluating medical reports of patients treated at the Maxillofacial Surgery Unit, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples, for lip incompetence, trauma, oncological, reconstructive, and craniosynostosis surgery sequelae. Visual analog scale (VAS) evaluation was performed to assess patient satisfaction. No major complications (i.e., impending necrosis or visual loss) were reported. Bruising and swelling was reported for 48 h after lip injection. At the immediate VAS evaluation, 67% of the patients were “extremely satisfied” and 33% “satisfied”. In those 33%, VAS scores changed to “extremely satisfied” at 6–9 weeks and 3–6 months of VAS evaluation (contextually to improvement in tissue flexibility, elasticity, and aesthetic appearance). Results indicate that this minimally invasive approach achieves a high level of aesthetic enhancement, improving patient satisfaction. The concept of HA filler applications could be a frontier that may be applicable to other areas of reconstructive facial plastic surgery.

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Ruzhytska, O. V. "PROSPECTS OF THE USE OF BUCCAL FAT PAD FOR CLOSING DEFECTS OF THE ALVEOLAR PROCESS OF THE JAWS." Ukrainian Dental Almanac, no. 3 (September 4, 2018): 47–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.31718/2409-0255.3.2018.08.

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In modern surgical dental practice, doctors often face the necessity to close the soft tissue defects of the oral cavity. In recent years numerous studies are aimed at developing such surgical techniques, which and promote the would provide sanation of the inflammatory focus, support physiological processes on sites of soft tissue defects or promote their recovery and normal functioning. The easy access to buccal fat pad continues to attract interest regarding its application for the closure of defects. The aim of work is to analyze and study the literature data on various techniques of application of buccal fat pad in autotransplantation for closing defects of the maxillofacial area in comparison with the use of other transplants. Results. In recent years, the reconstructive plastic surgery techniques in using autotransplantats have been paid much attention. In the literature there are data on the positive results of surgical closure of tissue defects by autotransplantation of adipose tissue and, in particular, the buccal fat pad. The buccal fat pad has its own connective tissue capsule and well-developed vascular net, provides nutrition to the transplant and rapid healing of the postoperative wound; does not require prior preparation and adaptation to the recipient's bed. It allows to use it in maxillofacial surgery to close the defects of the upper jaw, elimination of oral-antral connection, in the reconstruction of intraoral defects such as oral-antral fistula, with loss of bone mass of the lower jaw in the area of molars and premolars, to eliminate defects in cancer pathology of the face. Conclusions. Advantageous anatomical position, a good blood circulation and lack of innervation of buccal fat pad facilitates the task of surgeon and gives better results of operations. The study has shown the process of wound epithelialization occurs within a week after surgery as well as a stable clinical course without complications in the long-term follow-up that proves the relevance of the use of buccal fat pad in modern maxillofacial surgery in order to improve conventional methods of autotransplantation and to develop new ones.

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Rogers, Ashley, Karina Charipova, and Stephen B. Baker. "The Impact of Virtual Surgical Planning on the Value of Orthognathic Surgery for the Maxillofacial Surgeon." FACE 2, no. 2 (March 22, 2021): 151–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/27325016211001930.

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Background: The practice of orthognathic surgery traditionally involved time-intensive presurgical planning that was associated with decreased compensation relative to other procedures within the specialty. This limited reimbursement and subsequent reduction in the incidence of these procedures has been described in the literature. The introduction of VSP has streamlined the presurgical planning process. The purpose of this study is to provide a reevaluation of the relative value units (RVUs) per unit time for orthognathic surgery and to make a comparison to other commonly performed plastic surgery procedures in the context of recent developments in VSP. Methods: RVU data for both orthognathic and common plastic surgery procedures were collected using Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) codes. A range of operative times was then used to calculate work RVUs per hour of both orthognathic surgery and other procedures commonly performed by plastic surgeons including: unilateral deep inferior epigastric perforator (DIEP) flap breast reconstruction, bilateral breast tissue expander placement, bilateral breast reduction, bilateral breast reconstruction using latissimus dorsi muscle flaps, and panniculectomy. Results: Hourly RVUs for orthognathic procedures compare favorably to hourly RVUs for other commonly performed plastic surgery procedures when examined within a range of expected average operative times. Conclusions: Accounting for the reduced time commitment to preoperative planning that VSP achieves, the authors demonstrate a significant RVU/hour increase in orthognathic procedures than that described in the literature published prior to the implementation of VSP. Orthognathic surgery remains competitive for maxillofacial surgeons when compared to other procedures in plastic surgery when RVUs/hour is the metric of comparison.

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Askerov, E. D., O. Z. Topolnitsky, and O. V. Zayratyants. "Anatomical features of the extensor digitorum brevis muscle as a plastic material in reconstructive surgery of facial paralysis." Pediatric dentistry and dental profilaxis 20, no. 2 (June 10, 2020): 84–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.33925/1683-3031-2020-20-2-84-87.

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Relevance. Facial paralysis is a common neurological illnesses of the maxillofacial region. Gold standard of dynamic correction of permanent facial paralysis is gracilis muscle transfer. However, using this flap is impractical or impossible in some cases. There are few domestic and international publications about extensor digitorum brevis muscle for facial reanimation surgery.Purpose. Assessment of muscle variability on the dorsum of the foot; analysis of blood supply and innervation of the extensor digitorum brevis muscle.Materials and methods. Operations performed on 10 unclaimed corpses: dissection of the extensor digitorum brevis muscle, as well as the blood vessels and nerves of the dorsum of the foot. The legal and ethical requirements for such studies were observed planning the design of the study and during work.Results. As a result, in 80% of cases, was found a typical anatomy of muscles, blood vessels, and nerves in the dorsum of the foot. In 10% was found a typical anatomy of muscles and nerves, but there was no lateral tarsal artery – the branch of the dorsal artery of the foot. Blood supply to the extensor digitorum brevis muscle performed by perforating branches of the peroneal artery. In 10% was found subtotal atrophy and fibrous degeneration of the extensor digitorum brevis muscle.Conclusions. The use of the extensor digitorum brevis muscle is a perspective method for the treatment of facial paralysis. Harvesting of this flap is complicated.

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Wilkman, T., A. Husso, and P. Lassus. "Clinical Comparison of Scapular, Fibular, and Iliac Crest Osseal Free Flaps in Maxillofacial Reconstructions." Scandinavian Journal of Surgery 108, no. 1 (May 6, 2018): 76–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1457496918772365.

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Background and Aims: This study compared the three most used composite flaps in maxillofacial reconstructions in our institute. Patients and Methods: Between 2000 and 2012, a total of 163 patients with mandibular, maxillary, and orbital defects received either scapular, fibular, or iliac crest osseal reconstructions in Helsinki University Hospital, Departments of Plastic Surgery and Maxillofacial Surgery. Data regarding the patient demographics, complications, and outcomes were analyzed. Results: There were 92 deep circumflex iliac artery flaps (56%), followed by 42 scapular (26%) and 29 fibular flaps (18%). The rate of flap loss was the highest in the deep circumflex iliac artery group (p = 0.001). Reconstructions using fibula were fastest (p = 0.001) and had lowest perioperative blood loss (p = 0.013). There were no significant differences in the number of early or late complications between the flaps, but donor site complications were more severe in deep circumflex iliac artery. Osteotomies as well as dental implants were safely performed in all flaps with equal results. Conclusion: All three flaps of this study can be performed with awareness of the deep circumflex iliac artery flap being the least reliable alternative. The knowledge of the advantages and disadvantages of several osseal-free flap alternatives is beneficial in selecting the best suitable method for each individual patient requiring maxillofacial osseal reconstruction.

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Zarasade, Lobredia, Iswinarno Doso Saputro, and Nadia Tamara Putri. "Mandibular Condyle Fracture Management Outcome in Department of Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Dr. Soetomo Hospital on Period 2015- 2018." Jurnal Rekonstruksi dan Estetik 5, no. 1 (January 6, 2021): 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/jre.v5i1.24323.

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Background : The high incidence of condyle mandible fractures is due to the role of the mandibular ramus which has stronger resistance compared to head condyle mandibular. The management of condyle fractures is still controversial because of the prognosis. Management of condyle fractures of the mandible should aim at maximally reducing morbidity, postoperative complications, and aesthetic and / or functional impairment.Methods: The medical records of 56 patients with condyle mandible fractures who presented at the Dr. Soetomo Hospital Surabaya from January 2015 to December 2018 were reviewed retrospectively. We analyzed characteristics of the patients (age), type of fractures, management of fractures, and outcome from management.Results : This study shows that a total of 56 patients, 22 were patients with mandibular condyle fractures only and 34 patients with mandibular condyle fractures with other maxillofacial fractures. The studied showed that male patients (84%) is more than female patients (16%). The mean age of the patients involved in this study was 28.25 ± 1.78 years, with the youngest being 12 years old and the oldest being 67 years old. The results of the overall study with good occlusion results in 48 patients, it was found that 22 patients were treated with closed reduction and 26 patients with open reduction were performed.Conclusions: The results of condyle mandibula fracture management in Dr. Soetomo Hospital has been according to the indication with the treatment indication along with the result of good management.

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Fell, Matthew. "Facial reconstruction in Ethiopia." Faculty Dental Journal 4, no. 4 (October 2013): 206–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1308/204268513x13776914745032.

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In April 2013 I had the opportunity to assist with a facial reconstruction project in Ethiopia. Project Harar is a British charity that provides access to treatment for patients with facial deformities living in rural areas of Ethiopia. Patients with a cleft of the lip and/or palate are the most common group encountered. They are treated by a team of Ethiopian plastic surgeons and health staff throughout the year in the capital, Addis Ababa. Each year, however, the Project Harar community staff are presented with a number of patients with complex facial deformities, the management of which exceeds the level of experience and resources available in Ethiopia. An international surgical team comprising plastic and maxillofacial surgeons, anaesthetists and specialist nurses travels to Ethiopia annually for a two-month period to provide assistance with these complex cases. My role as a junior doctor was to assess the patients in preparation for surgery, organise the necessary investigations and assist in theatre where needed.

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O'Rourke, Sara Caterina Maria, Cecilia Neiva, Eva Galliani, Natacha Kadlub, Arnaud Picard, and Anne Morice. "Pediatric Nasal Reconstruction by Washio Procedure." Facial Plastic Surgery 35, no. 03 (May 17, 2019): 286–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1688703.

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AbstractThe use of the Washio retroauricular flap for nasal reconstruction has been infrequently covered in recent literature, particularly concerning the pediatric population. A retrospective study was conducted between 2014 and 2018 and included all pediatric patients who underwent a Washio retroauricular flap procedure for nasal reconstruction operated on by the same surgeon at a referral center for pediatric plastic and maxillofacial surgery. The mean age at the time of the first stage of the Washio procedure was just under 8 years of age (range: 6 years 3 months–8 years 10 months). The Washio retroauricular flap procedure was successfully employed in three patients with three different anatomical defects, including the nasal alae, nasal tip, and columella, without postoperative healing complications. Arguably, the Washio method is sufficiently versatile to be used in various defect types, allows space and planning for subsequent surgical corrections, avoids additional visible scarring of the face, and spares flaps that may be required at the end of the growth, such as the pedicled forehead flap. It is a safe procedure, provided that at least a two-stage procedure is performed, and a progressive postoperative verticalization is prescribed to limit venous drainage complications.

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Balik, Ali, Meltem Ozdemir-Karatas, Kadriye Peker, Ebru Demet Cifter, Erkan Sancakli, and Bilge Gökcen-Röhlig. "Soft Tissue Response and Survival of Extraoral Implants: A Long-Term Follow-up." Journal of Oral Implantology 42, no. 1 (February 1, 2016): 41–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1563/aaid-joi-d-14-00086.

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Maxillofacial defects may be reconstructed by plastic surgery or treated by prosthetic mean rehabilitation. In case of large defects, prosthetic rehabilitation rather than surgical reconstruction is preferred due to the insufficient esthetic results of surgical interventions. However, retention of the craniofacial prosthesis is a great problem despite the satisfactory esthetic results. With the presentation of extraoral implants, the retention of maxillofacial prostheses was improved, and osseointegrated craniofacial implants have become indispensable for retention and stability. However, there are conflicting results regarding the success rates of osseointegrated implants used at the craniofacial region. A total of 24 patients with 64 implants (30 in auricular region of 13 patients, 24 in nasal region of 8 patients, and 10 in orbital region of 3 patients) ranging in age from 16 to 83 years (mean age = 45.45 years) were evaluated. One patient among 13 patients (1/13) has lost his implants in the auricular area, 1 patient among 8 patients (1/8) lost his implants, and 1 patient among 3 patients (1/3) has lost all of her implants. Peri-implant soft tissue response was evaluated for a 60-month period and a total of 654 visits/sites recorded. Grade 0 (no irritation) was present in 72.8% (476/654) of the visits/sites. Grade 1 (slight redness) was observed for 18.8% (123/654). Grade 2 (red and slightly moist tissue) was scored in 6.9% (45/654). Grade 3 (red and slightly moist tissue with granulation) was noted in 1.5% (10/654) and grade 4 (infection) could not be found. Ossseointegrated implants provide reasonable support and show successful results when used with maxillofacial prostheses.

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Urgunaliev, Bakyt K., I. M. Yuldashev, D. B. Shayahmetov, and U. K. Kuramaeva. "Prevalence of damage to the jaw, cheekbones, nose and orbital zone according to the department of maxillofacial reconstructive and plastic surgery of the national hospital of the ministry of health of the kyrgyz republic in 2010–2018." Russian Journal of Dentistry 24, no. 3 (October 3, 2020): 186–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/1728-2802-2020-24-3-186-188.

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The article presents a systematic literature review of data on fractures of the jaws, middle part of the face. The types, causes of injuries of maxillofacial area are considered. It highlighted the main methods of diagnosis and treatment of patients with lesions of the middle face. The retrospective analysis of the history of the diseases indicates the need for comprehensive studies aimed at studying the frequency, structure, and location of damage to the middle facial bones in modern conditions.

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Storck, K., R. Staudenmaier, M. Buchberger, T. Strenger, K. Kreutzer, A. von Bomhard, and T. Stark. "Total Reconstruction of the Auricle: Our Experiences on Indications and Recent Techniques." BioMed Research International 2014 (2014): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/373286.

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Introduction. Auricular reconstruction is a great challenge in facial plastic surgery. With the advances in surgical techniques and biotechnology, different options are available for consideration. The aim of this paper is to review the knowledge about the various techniques for total auricular reconstruction based on the literature and our experience.Methods. Approximately 179 articles published from 1980 to 2013 were identified, and 59 articles were included. We have focused on the current status of total auricular reconstruction based on our personal experience and on papers of particular interest, published within the period of review. We have also included a prospective view on the tissue engineering of cartilage.Results. Most surgeons still practice total auricular reconstruction by employing techniques developed by Brent, Nagata, and Firmin with autologous rib cartilage. Within the last years, alloplastic frameworks for reconstruction have become well established. Choosing the reconstruction techniques depends mainly on the surgeon’s preference and experience. Prosthetic reconstruction is still reserved for special conditions, even though the material is constantly improving. Tissue engineering has a growing potential for clinical applicability.Conclusion. Auricular reconstruction still receives attention of plastic/maxillofacial surgeons and otolaryngologists. Even though clinical applicability lags behind initial expectations, the development of tissue-engineered constructs continues its potential development.

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Ciocca, Leonardo, and Roberto Scotti. "Oculo-facial rehabilitation after facial cancer removal: Updated CAD/CAM procedures. A pilot study." Prosthetics and Orthotics International 38, no. 6 (December 10, 2013): 505–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0309364613512368.

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Background and aim: Leaving open or closing the oculo-facial defect by means of a myocutaneous flap mainly depends on maxillofacial surgical considerations. For those cases that present a closed defect, the authors aim to evaluate an innovative method of ocular bulb positioning using a magnetic resonance imaging dataset. Technique: Following cancer removal and plastic reconstructive surgery, a Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine format magnetic resonance imaging dataset was used to determine the volume and position of the left ocular bulb. The exact location of the prosthetic bulb was determined by mirroring this position on the affected side. Images of the eyeglasses were imported into the virtual environment, and the designs of the substructure and facial prosthesis were projected using computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacture (CAD/CAM) technology. Discussion: The updated method presented here enables restoration with a facial prosthesis, even when a myocutaneous flap is used to close the defect, thereby resolving the problem of ocular bulb positioning and enabling the rapid and easy design of a retention system connected to eyeglasses. Clinical relevance The proposed protocol aims to develop and describe a viable method for the construction of a facial prosthesis for a patient whose face had been reconstructed using a myocutaneous free flap.

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Buchanan, Robert T. "Essentials of plastic, maxillofacial, and reconstructive surgery. Edited by Nicholas Georgiade, Gregory Georgiade, Ronald Riefkohl, and William Barwick, 1189 pp, Williams & Wilkins, Baltimore, Maryland, 1987, $117.95." Head & Neck Surgery 10, no. 1 (September 1987): 68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hed.2890100112.

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Tchernev, Georgi, Ilia Lozev, Torello Lotti, Uwe Wollina, Serena Gianfaldoni, Claudio Guarneri, Jacopo Lotti, Katlein França, Atanas Batashki, and Anastasiya Chokoeva. "Dermatologic Surgery and Dermatologic Oncology as an Essential Part of the Modern Dermatology in Bulgaria." Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences 5, no. 4 (July 18, 2017): 518–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2017.118.

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Dermatosurgery and dermatooncology are an integral part of dermatology as a speciality, and this postulate is strictly respected in a high percentage of European dermatological units. Due to the fact that a number of other specialties interweave with the subject of therapy - the surgical treatment of the patient with skin tumors, the positioning of dermatosurgery as part of dermatology is generally controversial (according to some), and at the same time is often the subject of a number of debates and conflicts. These include maxillofacial surgeons, plastic surgeons, regenerative and reconstructive surgeons, surgical and medical oncologist, etc. The advantages of these specialities are mainly based on good medical practice and good surgical techniques that are applied. In contrast, their disadvantages are based on the lack of good awareness of the initial surgical approach as well as the need for time-adjusted and accurately performed additional surgical interventions which should befurthermore careful scheduled with the relevant oncology units. Losing this thread, in practice, it turns out that we are losing the patients themselves or, looking laconically, we are working with reduced efficiency and effectiveness. Although for the last 15 years the positions of these sub-sectors in Bulgaria had been underdeveloped, a certain ascent has been observed nowadays or from a couple of years ago. This advance is undoubtedly due to the influence of the German Dermatological School, presented by Prof. Dr. Uwe Wollina, Head of Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology in Dresden, Germany, as well as due to other respected representative of the Italian Dermatological School - in the face of Prof. Dr. Torello Lotti, Head of the Dermatology Unit at G Marconi University of Rome, Italy.

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Zhdan, V. M., V. M. Dvornyk, D. S. Avetikov, I. V. Yatsenko, О. S. Ivanitska, О. В. Ribalov, and V. М. Gavrilov. "FORMATION historical landmarks and directions of scientific and educational activities department of surgical stomatology and maxillofacial surgery plastic and reconstructive surgery, head and neck (the 50th anniversary of the Poltava PERIOD DEPARTMENT)." Bulletin of Problems Biology and Medicine 4, no. 1 (2019): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.29254/2077-4214-2019-4-1-153-10-11.

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Barannik, N. G., O. O. Mosieyko, O. M. Manukhina, and A. V. Sidoryako. "MANDIBULAR RECONSTRUCTION WITH FREE NON-VASCULARIZED RIB AUTOGRAFT." Modern medical technologies 46, no. 3 (June 1, 2020): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.34287/mmt.3(46).2020.6.

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Purpose of the study. To increase the effectiveness of rehabilitation of patients with acquired bone defects of the mandible with the help of rib free non-vascularized autografts. Materials and methods. In the maxillofacial department of Municipal non-profit enterprise «City Clinical Hospital for Emergency and Medical Care, Zaporizhyzhya» Council 41 patients were treated, who underwent surgical treatment to replace the acquired bone defects of the mandible with rib free autografts on the basis of the clinic of maxillofacial surgery of the State Institution SE «Zaporizhzhya Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine» 2015–2019. Most patients were of working age: from 21 to 60 years. In general, the age composition of patients was almost identical, which allowed us to assume that all studies were conducted under the same conditions and in a standard sample. Depending on etiology, surgery – replacement of mandibular defects, performed simultaneously or across a long time period. Results. Improved technique of mandibular bone grafting by free rib autograft due to the expansion of the technical possibility to reliably fix bone fragments with titanium plates and screws, as well as tight installation of the autograft in the bone defect and create, consequently, favorable conditions for a pseudo-temporal-mandibular joint formation. The own technique of preparation and formation of a costal autograft is offered. For 15 years, no complications were detected and no rejection of freely transplanted costal autografts was observed. Conclusions. The use of reliable fixation of bone fragments ensures the formation of callus and prevents autograft rejection. The proposed method of preparation of a costal autograft with a fragment of cartilage, allows to achieve reliably forming a pseudo-temporal-mandibular joint. Keywords: bone plastic, defect of the mandible, non-vascularized rib autograft, regenerative processes.

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Venkatesh, Kaushik P., Shoshana W. Ambani, Aris R. L. Arakelians, Jonas T. Johnson, and Mario G. Solari. "Head and Neck Microsurgeon Practice Patterns and Perceptions Regarding Venous Thromboembolism Prophylaxis." Journal of Reconstructive Microsurgery 36, no. 08 (May 14, 2020): 549–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1710553.

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Abstract Background Patients undergoing head and neck (H&N) microvascular reconstruction comprise a population at high risk for venous thromboembolism (VTE). Free flap and VTE thromboprophylaxis may coincide but tend to vary from surgeon to surgeon. This study identifies VTE prophylaxis patterns and perceptions among H&N microsurgeons in the United States. Methods An online survey on VTE prophylaxis practice patterns and perceptions was emailed to 172 H&N microsurgeons in the United States using an anonymous link. Results There were 74 respondents (43% response rate). These surgeons completed residencies in otolaryngology (59%), plastic surgery (31%), and oral maxillofacial surgery (7%). Most underwent fellowship training (95%) and have practiced at an academic center (97%) for at least 6 years (58%), performing an average of 42 ± 31 H&N free flap cases per year (range = 1–190). Most adhered to general VTE prophylaxis guidelines (69%) while 11% did not and 20% were unsure. Nearly all surgeons (99%) would provide prophylactic anticoagulation, mostly in the form of subcutaneous heparin (51%) or enoxaparin (44%); 64% additionally used aspirin, while 4% used aspirin alone. The majority of surgeons (68%) reported having postoperative VTE complications, with six surgeons (8%) reporting patient deaths due to pulmonary embolism. A third of the surgeons have encountered VTE prophylaxis-related adverse bleeding events, but most still believe that chemoprophylaxis is important for VTE prevention (92%). While 35% of surgeons were satisfied with their current practice, most would find it helpful to have official prophylactic anticoagulation guidelines specific to H&N free flap cases. Conclusion The majority of microsurgeons experienced postoperative VTE complications after H&N free flap reconstruction despite the routine use of prophylactic anticoagulation. Though bleeding events are a concern, most surgeons believe chemoprophylaxis is important for VTE prevention and would welcome official guidelines specific to this high-risk population.

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Yuldashev, Ilshat, Annamurad Rakhmanov, Bakyt Urgunaliev, Gaukharnisa Yuldasheva, Ulan Tynaliev, and Almaz Kulnazarov. "Frequency of midfacial traumatic injuries - A report from the maxillofacial reconstructive and plastic surgery department of Kyrgyz Republic Health Service Ministry's National Hospital, Bishkek from 2013-17 - A retrospective study." Annals of Maxillofacial Surgery 10, no. 2 (2020): 377. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/ams.ams_2_20.

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Robb, Jeff. "Textbook of plastic, maxillofacial and reconstructive surgery (second edition). Edited by Gregory S. Georgiade, Nicholas G. Georgiade, Ronald Riefkohl, William J. Barwick. Williams & Wilkins, Baltimore, Maryland, 1992, 1351 pp." Head & Neck 15, no. 4 (July 1993): 370–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hed.2880150421.

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Urgunaliev, Bakyt Kubanychbekovich, I. M. Yuldashev, A. T. Rakhmanov, and D. B. Shayahmetov. "Clinical and epidemiological features and medical and social characteristics of victims with injuries to the maxillofacial bones, according to the department of maxillofacial reconstructive plastic surgery of the national hospital of the ministry of health of the Kyrgyz Republic in 2010–2018." Russian Journal of Dentistry 24, no. 2 (October 3, 2020): 109–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/1728-2802-2020-24-2-109-113.

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Report. The authors studied the medical and social characteristics of victims with facial bone injuries based on archived data over a long period of time. It was found that the majority of patients were socially active, but not working men of young working age with secondary, higher or incomplete higher education. Most of them were permanent residents of rural areas. The most frequent injuries WERE domestic and seasonal (spring autumn), which was due to an increase in the frequency of street injuries, as well as injuries sustained by rural residents during seasonal agricultural work, as well as an increase in the frequency of road accidents.Analysis of the system of specialized medical care showed that most of the victims were hospitalized, bypassing the stage of clinical diagnosis and treatment, independently in the form of self-treatment.A high frequency of delayed treatment and hospitalization of victims in medical institutions was found, which was associated with the remoteness of the place of permanent residence, material problems, inadequate outpatient treatment at the place of residence , as well as diagnostic errors at the pre-hospital stage.

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Juretić, Mirna. "Abstracts of 10th Congress of the Croatian Society for Maxillofacial, Plastic and Reconstructive Head and Neck Surgery, and of 4th Congress of the Croatian Society for Oral Surgery of Croatian Medical Association Malinska, Croatia, June 06-08, 2013 Traumatology of Orofacial Region." Acta Stomatologica Croatica 47, no. 3 (September 15, 2013): 267–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.15644/asc47/3/8.

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Rokukawa, Ken, Emiko Yokoo, Takaho Kuwazawa, Yosikuni Sangu, and Hideki Ogiuchi. "Reconstructive surgery for maxillofacial defects." Journal of Japan Society for Oral Tumors 4, no. 2 (1992): 240–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.5843/jsot.4.240.

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Koch, Felix, Nazife Dinc, Stephanie Lescher, Peter Baumgarten, Patrick Harter, Friedrich Scheerer, Robert Sader, et al. "Intracranial Ameloblastoma Arising from the Maxilla: An Interdisciplinary Surgical Approach." Journal of Neurological Surgery Part A: Central European Neurosurgery 78, no. 06 (December 30, 2016): 582–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0036-1594236.

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Background Ameloblastomas are a rare tumor entity accounting for only 10% of all odontogenic tumors. They mostly originate from the mandible. Only a few cases are known to grow aggressively and to invade the orbit, nasal cavity, or even the brain. Patient and Methods/Case Report We present the case of a 57-year-old patient who was admitted with a huge tumor involving the nasal cavity, the left maxilla, and the anterior fossa. Histologic diagnosis was made by biopsy. A combined two-stage neurosurgical maxillofacial approach was planned. First the intracranial tumor mass was removed using bifrontal trepanation. A duraplasty was sewn in to cover the brain. In the second procedure, a combined bifrontal and midfacial approach was used by craniofacial plastic surgeons and neurosurgeons. A perisinusoidal tumor mass and retropharyngeal tumor mass was removed up to the skull base. The left orbit was completely exenterated, and a fibular bone-muscle graft was used for palatal, orbital, and facial reconstruction. The facial vein and artery were carefully prepared to feed the bone-muscle graft by end-to-end anastomoses. Conclusion Ameloblastomas are very rare slow-growing tumors that show a tendency to recur. They are responsible for only 1% of all oral tumors. Their growth can be enormous, and they can extend into sinusoidal cavities, the orbit, and the brain. Complex and extensive palliative surgery can ease the concerns of these patients and prolong their survival.

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Sheikh, Md Asaduzzaman, Golam Mohiuddin Chowdhury, Ferdousy Jolly, and Moniruzzaman. "An Anthropometric Evaluation of Morphological Facial Height in Bangladeshi Young Adult." Journal of Armed Forces Medical College, Bangladesh 10, no. 2 (December 31, 2015): 33–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jafmc.v10i2.25919.

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Introduction: Anthropometry is applied to obtain measurements of living subjects for identifying age, stature, proportions body and/ or face and various dimensions related to particular race or an individual. Facial anthropometric studies have got vast implications in health related fields and are useful for orthodontists, plastic surgeons, maxillofacial surgeons for their treatment plans to evaluate treatment prognosis and determine treatment outcome. Prior to advent of cephalometric radiography, orthodontists often used anthropometric measurements to establish facial proportion. Although for orthodontists, this method was largely replaced by cephalometric analysis for many years, the recent emphasis on soft tissue proportions has brought soft tissue evaluation back into prominence. When there are questions about vertical facial proportions, it is better to make the measurement clinically rather than cephalometric analysis, because the soft tissue proportions, as seen clinically determine the facial appearance.Objective: To evaluate morphological facial height and to establish the upper & lower facial height proportions in Bangladeshi adult and to compare with similar data of various nations & ethnic groups.Method: This study was a descriptive observational cross sectional study by convenient sampling, conducted in AFMI (Armed Forces Medical Institute) among the 500 participants of Bangladeshi by birth with equal sex distribution aged 18-25 years. The anthropometric landmarks the nasion(n), subnasale (sn) and ganthion (gn), were marked on the participants face with a dermographic pen. With the help of a digital vernier sliding calipers, the measurements were taken in millimeters and the participant was in centric relation when measuring the facial height. The distance from n to sn is upper facial height (UFH), from sn to gn is lower facial height (LFH) and total facial height (TFH) is the sum of UFH and LFH.Conclusion: There is strong correlation among upper, lower and total facial height. The facial height proportion found in this study matches with ideal facial proportion widely practiced in clinical orthodontics for treatment planning and to determine treatment outcome. The findings of this study may help to establish the norms of facial proportion in Bangladeshi adult which will be helpful for treatment planning in orthodontic and reconstructive surgery without chephalomtric means.Journal of Armed Forces Medical College Bangladesh Vol.10(2) 2014

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Furlow, Leonard T. "PLASTIC SURGERY VERSUS PLASTIC AND RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY." Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery 98, no. 1 (July 1996): 185. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006534-199607000-00047.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Plastic, Reconstructive and Maxillofacial Surgery'

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