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Journal articles on the topic 'Plastic sorting'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 3 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Lubongo, Cesar, and Paschalis Alexandridis. "Assessment of Performance and Challenges in Use of Commercial Automated Sorting Technology for Plastic Waste." Recycling 7, no. 2 (2022): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/recycling7020011.

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Recycling plastic is an important step towards a circular economy. Attaining high-quality recycled plastics requires the separation of plastic waste by type, color, and size prior to reprocessing. Automated technology is key for sorting plastic objects in medium- to high-volume plants. The current state of the art of commercial equipment for sorting plastic as well as challenges faced by Material Recovery Facilities (MRFs) to sort post-consumer plastics are analyzed here. Equipment for sorting plastic recyclables were identified using publicly available information obtained from manufacturers’

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Šutinys, Ernestas, and Vytautas Striška. "SORTING PLASTIC WASTE IN HYDROCYCLONE." Mokslas - Lietuvos ateitis 2, no. 4 (2010): 59–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/mla.2010.071.

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The article presents material about sorting plastic waste in hydrocyclone. The tests on sorting plastic waste were carried out. Also, the findings received from the performed experiment on the technology of sorting plastic waste are interpreted applying an experimental model of the equipment used for sorting plastics of different density.

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Lubongo, Cesar, Mohammed A. A. Bin Daej, and Paschalis Alexandridis. "Recent Developments in Technology for Sorting Plastic for Recycling: The Emergence of Artificial Intelligence and the Rise of the Robots." Recycling 9, no. 4 (2024): 59. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/recycling9040059.

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Plastics recycling is an important component of the circular economy. In mechanical recycling, the recovery of high-quality plastics for subsequent reprocessing requires plastic waste to be first sorted by type, color, and size. In chemical recycling, certain types of plastics should be removed first as they negatively affect the process. Such sortation of plastic objects at Materials Recovery Facilities (MRFs) relies increasingly on automated technology. Critical for any sorting is the proper identification of the plastic type. Spectroscopy is used to this end, increasingly augmented by machi

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4

Bernat, Katarzyna. "Post-Consumer Plastic Waste Management: From Collection and Sortation to Mechanical Recycling." Energies 16, no. 8 (2023): 3504. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16083504.

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Challenges associated with plastic waste management range from littering to high collection costs to low recycling rates. Effective collection of plastics is obviously an important step in the management of plastic waste and has an impact on recycling rates. For this reason, several countries have transformed their collection systems in recent decades. Collecting more plastic packaging comes at a cost, as the feedstock for the sorting process becomes more complex and leads to cross-contamination within the sorted fractions. Therefore, a balance must be obtained between some elements, such as t

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Wen, Shengping, Yue Yuan, and Jingfu Chen. "A Vision Detection Scheme Based on Deep Learning in a Waste Plastics Sorting System." Applied Sciences 13, no. 7 (2023): 4634. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app13074634.

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The preliminary sorting of plastic products is a necessary step to improve the utilization of waste resources. To improve the quality and efficiency of sorting, a plastic detection scheme based on deep learning is proposed in this paper for a waste plastics sorting system based on vision detection. In this scheme, the YOLOX (You Only Look Once) object detection model and the DeepSORT (Deep Simple Online and Realtime Tracking) multiple object tracking algorithm are improved and combined to make them more suitable for plastic sorting. For plastic detection, multiple data augmentations are combin

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Oyewale, Johnson A., Lagouge K. Tartibu, and Imhade P. Okokpujie. "A Review and Bibliometric Analysis of Sorting and Recycling of Plastic Wastes." International Journal of Design & Nature and Ecodynamics 18, no. 1 (2023): 63–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.18280/ijdne.180107.

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Global plastic pollution is a negative impact on the environment as the production and use of plastic are increasing rapidly. Plastic recycling is a significant step towards a circular economy. Over the decades, much plastic has been in circulation for various applications. Recycling plastic wastes (PW) entails waste sorting using some physical properties including plastic types, colors, and shapes, to produce high-quality recycled plastics. Classification of PWs includes common plastic types: Polyethylene terephthalate (PET), High-density polyethylene (HDPE), Polyvinyl chloride (PVC), Low-den

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Li, Xiao, Yu Wen Guo, Jiu Li Ruan, Qi Qiao, and Jian Qiang Zhang. "Impacts of Different Wetting Agents on the Density Separation of Waste Plastic Mixtures." Applied Mechanics and Materials 768 (June 2015): 418–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.768.418.

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As the effect of density separation for waste plastic mixtures was poor, this research studied the impacts of wetting agents on the sorting rates of waste plastic mixtures and the mechanisms of wetting agents in density separation. The results showed that the surface activity of plastics could be changed by wetting agents and thus the sorting rates of plastics under the density separation system could be improved. Impacts of wetting agents such as CaLS, NP-7 and MC on density separation of plastics are related not only to the molecular structure of plastic materials but also to the separating

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8

Chakraborty, Patatri, Yaoli Zhao, Amit Goyal, and Thomas Thundat. "High Throughput Plastic Sorting Technique Based on Molecular Vibrational Signatures." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2023-01, no. 52 (2023): 2627. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2023-01522627mtgabs.

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Plastic pollution is an enormous environmental problem that has been increasing exponentially in the last few decades. Despite the huge public awareness, overall recycling rate remains only at 8.7%. Overall recycling of post-consumer plastic can be recovered only with improved separation efficiency at the Material Recovery Facilities (MRF). Therefore, the success of plastic recycling critically depends on developing cost-effective techniques that automate the entire process of sorting plastics based on their chemical composition in a high throughput fashion. At present, the most effective meth

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9

Zhao, Yaoli, Patatri Chakraborty, Vaishali Maheshkar, et al. "Multi-Modal Stand-Off Detection of Plastics for Sorting Application." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-02, no. 61 (2022): 2254. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-02612254mtgabs.

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Plastics are extremely valuable to our society and are widely used in many industries such as food, beverage, textile, healthcare, automotive, aerospace, construction, agriculture, oil, etc. Since plastics do not degrade easily with time, the discarded plastics pose a grave environmental problem. Only less than 10% of plastics is recycled in the US. Therefore, there is an urgent need to increase the recycling of plastic products. At present, sorting of plastic waste is carried out manually which is time consuming, costly and manual labor intensive. To address this problem, a novel multi-modal

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10

Rumetshofer, Thomas, and Jörg Fischer. "Enhancement in Post-Consumer Mechanical Recycling of Plastics: Role of Design for Recycling, Specifications, and Efficient Sorting of Packaging Material." Polymers 17, no. 9 (2025): 1177. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym17091177.

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Plastic packaging materials can play a significant role in turning the plastic industry towards a circular economy, owing to their large volumes and short product lifetimes. This study emphasizes the role and interaction of design for recycling (DfR), appropriate specifications, and efficient sorting. DfR is enhancing the recyclability of plastic packaging by selecting appropriate materials and designs, improving the quality of recyclates without compromising safety or the original requirement. A significant barrier to achieving a circular economy is the lack of comprehensive standards for rec

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11

Bobulski, Janusz, and Mariusz Kubanek. "Deep Learning for Plastic Waste Classification System." Applied Computational Intelligence and Soft Computing 2021 (May 4, 2021): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6626948.

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Plastic waste management is a challenge for the whole world. Manual sorting of garbage is a difficult and expensive process, which is why scientists create and study automated sorting methods that increase the efficiency of the recycling process. The plastic waste may be automatically chosen on a transmission belt for waste removal by using methods of image processing and artificial intelligence, especially deep learning, to improve the recycling process. Waste segregation techniques and procedures are applied to major groups of materials such as paper, plastic, metal, and glass. Though, the b

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12

Fomin, Petr, and Christian Kargel. "Performance Evaluation of a Time-Gated Fluorescence Spectroscopy Measurement System for the Classification and Recycling of Plastics." Applied Spectroscopy 73, no. 6 (2019): 610–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0003702819831278.

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Plastics have many unrivaled properties and are thus indispensable materials with an ever-increasing production. Since the plastics recycling rates are still small, the plastic waste that ends up on landfills, in the environment including oceans, and incineration plants also steadily grows. Large-scale automated sorting of waste plastics may help solve the problem. However, most state-of-the-art approaches are limited to a (very) small number of plastic types that can be simultaneously sorted and have severe difficulties with black plastics. The labeling of plastics with fluorescent tracers (“

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13

Aikowe, Loveth Daisy, and Jana Mazancová. "Plastic Waste Sorting Intentions among University Students." Sustainability 13, no. 14 (2021): 7526. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13147526.

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This paper focuses on plastic waste sorting intentions to address municipal solid waste challenges in developing countries. This study also adapts the theory of planned behavior (TPB) in evaluating the determinants of plastic waste sorting intentions among Nigerian students. Nine hundred and thirty-nine respondents participated through questionnaire surveys. Findings of structural equation modelling depict that perceived behavioral control had the highest impact on the respondents’ plastic waste sorting intentions, followed by subjective norms; however, attitude was found to be insignificant a

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14

Olscher, Christoph, Aleksander Jandric, Christian Zafiu, and Florian Part. "Evaluation of Marker Materials and Spectroscopic Methods for Tracer-Based Sorting of Plastic Wastes." Polymers 14, no. 15 (2022): 3074. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14153074.

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Plastics are a ubiquitous material with good mechanical, chemical and thermal properties, and are used in all industrial sectors. Large quantities, widespread use, and insufficient management of plastic wastes lead to low recycling rates. The key challenge in recycling plastic waste is achieving a higher degree of homogeneity between the different polymer material streams. Modern waste sorting plants use automated sensor-based sorting systems capable to sort out commodity plastics, while many engineering plastics, such as polyoxymethylene (POM), will end up in mixed waste streams and are there

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15

Swandi, Jhosua Arie, and Irsyadi Yani. "IDENTIFICATION PLASTIC BOTTLE BASED ON LIGHTING SYSTEM." Indonesian Journal of Engineering and Science 1, no. 1 (2020): 029–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.51630/ijes.v1i1.1.

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The challenge in waste sorting systems such as plastic bottles is how to identify and classify the types of it. This work aims to build a system of identification and classification of sorting plastic bottles by type. This system uses the Backpropagation method by utilizing a webcam to get colors in the form of Red, Green, and Blue (RGB) color spaces. As light control, three types of lights are used, blue, red, and yellow. The three types of plastics that will be identified are PET, HDPE, and PP. The conclusion from this work is that the percentage of success is 18%, 28%, and 42 for yellow, bl

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Tan, Jovan, Shuyue Jia, and Seeram Ramakrishna. "Accelerating Plastic Circularity: A Critical Assessment of the Pathways and Processes to Circular Plastics." Processes 11, no. 5 (2023): 1457. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr11051457.

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Achieving plastic circularity is imperative to using plastics without adverse effects. Today, only 9% of global plastic waste is recycled, signifying the need for more substantial advancements to accelerate our progress toward achieving plastic circularity. This article contributes to our collective efforts to accelerate plastic circularity by critically assessing the state-of-the-art, gaps, and outlook of the pathways and processes to circular plastics. It employs qualitative methods to derive new insights that empower scholars and practitioners to prescribe effective strategies to shape the

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17

Astuti, Astuti, Anthony Costa, Akbar Teguh Prakoso, Irsyadi Yani, and Yulia Resti. "PREDICTION OF PLASTIC-TYPE FOR SORTING SYSTEM USING DECISION TREE MODEL." Indonesian Journal of Engineering and Science 4, no. 1 (2023): 075–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.51630/ijes.v4i1.86.

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Plastic is the most widely used inorganic material globally, but its hundred-year disintegration time can harm the environment. Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET/PETE), High-Density Polyethylene (HDPE), and Polypropylene are all commonly used plastics that have the potential to become waste (PP). An essential first step in the recycling process is sorting out plastic waste. A low-cost automated plastic sorting system can be developed by using digital image data in the red, green, and blue (RGB) color space as the dataset and predicting the type using learning datasets. This paper proposes the De

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18

Junjuri, Rajendhar, and Manoj Kumar Gundawar. "Low-Cost Sorting of Plastic Waste." Optics and Photonics News 31, no. 12 (2020): 61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/opn.31.12.000061.

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19

Yelemessova, Zarina, Eldar Kopishev, Rizagul Dyussova, Lyazat Tolymbekova, and Gaini Seitenova. "Sustainable plastic waste management: Global practices and perspectives on the case of Kazakhstan." International Journal of Innovative Research and Scientific Studies 8, no. 1 (2025): 1161–79. https://doi.org/10.53894/ijirss.v8i1.4547.

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Plastic waste presents itself as a menace that could require a multifaceted approach to eliminate. This article seeks to not only analyze but also expound on the current state of plastic waste residing in Kazakhstan. The first part deals with the issues posed by single-use plastics and evaluates their environmental effects while considering the patterns of overconsumption in Kazakhstan. The paper examines the history of single-use plastics, focusing on the import, export, and production aspects of Kazakhstan. The processes of sorting and recycling plastic waste are investigated, as well as the

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20

Yonaha, Yusuke, Kei Nakagawa, Kenichi Shimizu, Mitsuharu Yagi, Achara Ussawarujikulchai, and Hiroshi Asakura. "Vibratory Sorting for Pumice Removal in Microplastic Analysis of Coastal Sediment." Microplastics 4, no. 2 (2025): 30. https://doi.org/10.3390/microplastics4020030.

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Density separation using a wet method is the standard technique for extracting microplastics (MPs) from coastal sediments. However, the 2021 Japanese submarine volcanic eruption introduced substantial pumice into these sediments, complicating the process. Pumice contamination in the floating matter from density separation significantly increases the workload of visual sorting. Pumice, distinguished by its spherical shape and hardness, exhibits distinct rolling and bouncing behaviors compared to plastic. In this study, we evaluated the sorting efficiency of a vibratory sorter in separating pumi

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21

van Engelshoven, Yuri, Pingping Wen, Maarten Bakker, Ruud Balkenende, and Peter Rem. "An Innovative Route to Circular Rigid Plastics." Sustainability 11, no. 22 (2019): 6284. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11226284.

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An innovative route for plastics recycling is proposed, based on a combination of a logarithmic sorting process and colour plus high-resolution near-infrared (NIR) sensors. Although counterintuitive, it is shown that such a technology could sort clean flakes from rigid packaging waste into a very large number of different plastic grades with modest sorter capacity, provided that the chosen sensor is able to differentiate correctly between any two grades of plastics in the waste. Tests with high-resolution NIR on single pixels of transparent flakes from different types and brands of packaging s

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Xiong, Muxin. "Application of Different Chemical Recycling for Plastics." Highlights in Science, Engineering and Technology 26 (December 30, 2022): 223–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/hset.v26i.3955.

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Plastics usage is always a huge part of human lives. The concern about plastics regarding their high accumulation rate is significant. Most of these plastics cannot be recycled and go to landfills instead. Traditional methods like mechanical recycling still have drawbacks in categories such as value degradation and the complexity of sorting plastic wastes. Besides mechanical recycling, chemical recycling is another option that uses chemical reactions to achieve the production of feedstock products. This research will focus on the different types of chemical recycling, including depolymerizatio

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Alimbekova, N., Sh Hashim, A. Zhumadillayeva, and S. Aiymbay. "DEEP NEURAL NETWORKS AS A TOOL FOR ENHANCING THE EFFICIENCY OF PLASTIC WASTE SORTING." Herald of the Kazakh-British technical university 21, no. 3 (2024): 116–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.55452/1998-6688-2024-21-3-116-127.

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In the recycling industry, there is an urgent need for high-quality sorted material. The problems of sorting centers related to the difficulties of sorting and cleaning plastic leads to the accumulation of waste in landfills instead of recycling, emphasizing the need to develop effective automated sorting methods. This study proposes an intelligent plastic classification model developed on the basis of a convolutional neural network (CNN) using architectures such as MobileNet, ResNet and EfficientNet. The models were trained on a dataset of more than 4,000 images distributed across five catego

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Moroni, Monica. "Investigation of a Hydraulic Channel for Plastic Particles Sorting via Experimental and Numerical Tools." Separations 11, no. 1 (2023): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/separations11010005.

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In recent decades, the versatility of fossil-based polymers has led them to become one of the most used materials for the production of several consumer goods. The destiny of post-consumer plastics is crucial for environmental sustainability. Two are the alternatives to landfilling: (i) energy recovery, i.e., replacement of traditional fuel with plastic litter, and (ii) recycling, i.e., processing of plastic wastes to produce secondary raw materials that may substitute primary raw materials. This work presents the investigation of a device for the hydraulic separation of heterogeneous plastic

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Yu, Jeongsoo, Xiaoyue Liu, Gaku Manago, Tadao Tanabe, Shiori Osanai, and Kazuaki Okubo. "New Terahertz Wave Sorting Technology to Improve Plastic Containers and Packaging Waste Recycling in Japan." Recycling 7, no. 5 (2022): 66. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/recycling7050066.

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Plastic product consumption and disposal are widespread. Given that these products are derived from crude oil, it is critical to reduce their consumption and effectively recycle plastic waste as recycled resources to achieve a low-carbon society. Japan enacted the “Containers and Packaging Recycling Law” in 2000, encouraging the recycling of plastic packaging and containers. However, material recycling of plastic waste has stalled due to recycling costs and technical challenges. This paper examines and evaluates the transition process and operational status of Japan’s recycling policy for plas

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Harini, Bernadeta Wuri, Benediktus Yudha Edy, Agustinus Surya Haryanto, Martanto Martanto, Petrus Setyo Prabowo, and Ignatius Adi Prabowo. "Waste Sorting Machine Automatic of Organic and Inorganic Using Arduino Mega as Microcontroller : Implication for Environmental Sustainability." International Journal of Hydrological and Environmental for Sustainability 3, no. 2 (2024): 74–88. https://doi.org/10.58524/ijhes.v3i2.449.

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Increasing waste production worldwide has become a serious environmental and social problem. Waste thrown into traditional landfills can pollute land and water, cause public health problems, and produce greenhouse gas emissions. To overcome the issues above, in this research, a waste sorting machine will be designed that can sort organic and inorganic waste. This sorting is done automatically, a person only needs to put the waste into the machine, and then the waste will be separated according to its category. The organic and inorganic waste sorting system consists of 5 sub-systems. They are m

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Hennebert, Pierre. "HAZARDOUS PROPERTIES OF BROMINATED, PHOSPHORUS, CHLORINATED, NITROGEN AND MINERAL FLAME RETARDANTS IN PLASTICS WHICH MAY HINDER THEIR RECYCLING." Detritus, no. 17 (December 16, 2021): 49–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.31025/2611-4135/2021.15142.

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Flame retardants are numerous and some of them are (re)classified with time as hazardous for the man and the environment. A list of 69 flame retardants used in EU was set from three sources and their chemical properties were searched in their registration dossier at ECHA. Substance self-classifications (hazard statement assignment by the registrant) frequently indicate no hazard or data not available, while for the same substances a re-evaluation by ECHA is underway as persistent, bioaccumulative, toxic or endocrine disruptor. When the substance has hazard statement(s), the concentration that

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Jin, Muen, and Michael Heizmann. "Cutout as augmentation in contrastive learning for detecting burn marks in plastic granules." Journal of Sensors and Sensor Systems 13, no. 1 (2024): 63–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/jsss-13-63-2024.

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Abstract. Plastic granules are a common delivery form for creating products in industries such as the plastic manufacturing, construction and automotive ones. In the corresponding sorting process of plastic granules, diverse defect types could appear. Burn marks, which potentially lead to weakened structural integrity of the plastic, are one of the most common types. Thus, plastic granules with burn marks should be filtered out during the sorting process. Artificial intelligence (AI)-based anomaly detection approaches are widely used in the field of visual-based sorting due to the higher accur

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Melo, Napoly, Abigail Sanchez Gonzales, and Ernesto Paiva-Peredo. "Mechatronic system to classify plastic and metal bottles using capacitive and inductive sensors." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 14, no. 5 (2024): 4970. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v14i5.pp4970-4976.

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The problem addressed in this article focuses on the management of plastic waste, which has experienced a significant increase in recent years, posing challenges in its management and recycling. In addition, the concentration of microplastics in water and their impact on health and the food chain is highlighted. The proposed solution consists of developing a mechatronic system for sorting plastic and metal bottles using capacitive and inductive sensors, respectively. The system demonstrated efficiency in tests, achieving 100% sorting for plastic and metal bottles. The need for bottles to be pr

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Peršak, Tadej, Branka Viltužnik, Jernej Hernavs, and Simon Klančnik. "Vision-Based Sorting Systems for Transparent Plastic Granulate." Applied Sciences 10, no. 12 (2020): 4269. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10124269.

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Granulate material sorting is a mature and well-developed topic, due to its presence in various fields, such as the recycling, mining, and food industries. However, sorting can be improved, and artificial intelligence has been used for this purpose. This paper presents the development of an efficient sorting system for transparent polycarbonate plastic granulate, based on machine vision and air separation technology. The developed belt-type system is composed of a transparent conveyor with an integrated vision camera to detect defects in passing granulates. The vision system incorporates an in

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Alassali, Ayah, Caterina Picuno, Zhi Kai Chong, Jinyang Guo, Roman Maletz, and Kerstin Kuchta. "Towards Higher Quality of Recycled Plastics: Limitations from the Material’s Perspective." Sustainability 13, no. 23 (2021): 13266. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su132313266.

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The increasing consumption of plastics and plastic products results in correspondingly substantial volumes of waste, which poses considerable environmental burdens. With the ongoing environmental actions, the application of circular economy on this waste stream is becoming inevitable. In this paper, the topics of plastics recycling, circular economy on plastics, and challenges to plastic waste recycling are critically reviewed. In the first part of this paper, the development of research on plastic recycling was viewed from 1950 until 2020 using the scientific database Web of Science, and 682

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Vyawahare, Saurabh, Michael Brundage, Aleksandra Kijac, et al. "Sorting droplets into many outlets." Lab on a Chip 21, no. 21 (2021): 4262–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1lc00493j.

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Droplet sorter manufacturable in plastic (COC) or elastomer (PDMS), featuring ionic liquid electrodes and stackable sorting junctions. We use it to make a cell sorter, introducing methods for breaking emulsions and collecting single droplets.

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Alaghemandi, Mohammad. "Sustainable Solutions Through Innovative Plastic Waste Recycling Technologies." Sustainability 16, no. 23 (2024): 10401. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su162310401.

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Innovation in plastic waste recycling technologies is essential for tackling the environmental challenges of plastic pollution. Traditional plastic waste management strategies, such as landfill disposal and mechanical recycling, are increasingly recognized as insufficient for addressing the problem’s complexity and scale. This review highlights advanced methods that transform plastic waste into valuable resources, aligning with circular economy principles. I focus on cutting-edge technologies such as chemical recycling that convert mixed and contaminated plastics back into monomers for new pro

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Hadjilambrinos, Constantine. "A review of plastics recycling in the USA with policy recommendations." Environmental Conservation 23, no. 4 (1996): 298–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0376892900039151.

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SummaryPlastics are the fastest-growing component of municipal solid waste in the USA, and over the past decade there has been increasing public demand for plastics recycling. However, the necessity to separate the various plastic resins to make their recycling possible, combined with the low cost of virgin resins, make this technically difficult and expensive.Most sorting of plastic waste is done manually, and this method has been constrained to the diversion of only one or two types of plastics, because human sorters are incapable of distinguishing different plastics. A number of technologie

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Chen, Xiaozheng, Nils Kroell, Alexander Feil, and Thomas Pretz. "Determination of the composition of multilayer plastic packaging with NIR spectroscopy." Detritus, no. 13 (October 5, 2020): 62–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.31025/2611-4135/2020.14027.

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In food and medical packaging, multiple layers of different polymers are combined in order to achieve optimal functional properties for various applications. Flexible multilayer plastic packaging achieves a reduction in weight compared to other packaging products with the same function, saving material and in transportation costs. Recycling of post-industrial multilayer packaging was achieved by some companies, but the available technologies are limited to specific polymer types. For post-consumer waste, recycling of multilayer packaging has not been achieved yet. One of the main challenges in

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Mahardika, Septilia, and Nathanael Bayu Ajie Pratamo. "The Problem of Plastic Waste, A Comparison of the Systems in Indonesia and the Netherlands: The Urgency of State Intervention and Legal Instruments." Environmental Pollution Journal 4, no. 1 (2024): 934–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.58954/epj.v4i1.172.

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The trading phenomenon of plastic waste from the Global North to the Global South has caused environmental issues due to the production and import of poorly managed plastic waste in the recipient countries. This research aims to compare the existing plastic waste management systems in Indonesia and the Netherlands and to examine state intervention and legal instruments in place. Data is analyzed qualitatively by comparing and discussing the juridical and socio-political aspects descriptively, thus highlighting the complexity of the plastic waste issue and the importance of interventions to ren

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Katre, Ravi, Keval Bhavsar, Ahmed Salaam, et al. "Assessing Eco-Friendly Alternatives: Composite Fibers and Recycled Plastics for Sustainable Impact and Efficiency." E3S Web of Conferences 552 (2024): 01089. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202455201089.

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The chase for sustainability has driven awesome strides in composite fibers and recycled plastics, which have made viable options available in numerous areas. Composite fibers are known for their recordbreaking strength-to-weight proportions and capacity to serve numerous functions, that’s why they’re used all over from the automotive industry to aviation. But natural fibers are hydrophilic, so they do not mix well with hydrophobic matrices they need surface adjustments and fire retardant treatments to be utilized for composites to perform at their best. On the other hand, one of plastics’ mos

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Asakura, Hiroshi. "Plastic Bottles for Sorting Floating Microplastics in Sediment." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 10, no. 3 (2022): 390. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse10030390.

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Plastic waste’s near-permanent pollution of the natural environment is becoming an increasing concern. It is necessary to determine the amount of microplastics (MPs) present in the natural environment and reduce the amount of plastic waste. In this study, the author developed a simple sorting method for MPs in sediment, which can eliminate sediment and does not require filtration, using an apparatus available to the public. This sorting method, called the “bottle method”, can shut off floating matter from sediment and be used for sorting and washing at the same time. When the density of the so

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Xinze, Song, and Cai Kejian. "Review of research on waste plastic modified asphalt." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1516, no. 1 (2025): 012020. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1516/1/012020.

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Abstract To further explore the application of waste plastics in asphalt pavement, this paper begins with the classification and characteristics of waste plastics. It then provides a state-of-the-art review of the preparation methods and processes of waste plastic modifiers, waste plastic-modified asphalt, and waste plastic-modified asphalt mixtures. The paper also analyzes the factors influencing the compatibility between waste plastics and asphalt and summarizes the performance evaluation indicators for waste plastic-modified asphalt and its mixtures. It explores the research approaches and

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Florkowski, Wojciech J. "PLASTIC WASTE AND ITS REMOVAL BY LICENSED HORTICULTURAL FIRMS IN GEORGIA, USA." Annals of the Polish Association of Agricultural and Agribusiness Economists XXII, no. 4 (2020): 53–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0014.5793.

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The purpose of the study was the investigation of horticultural firm behavior regarding plastic waste recycling and the constraints and incentives to increase the volume of recycled plastics. Licensed horticultural firms in Georgia recycle plastic waste such as plastic pots, trays, and multipacks to varying degrees. The survey involved horticultural firms licensed by the Georgia Department of Agriculture to conduct business in Georgia. A total of 2,194 firms were contacted and 299 completed the questionnaire. The scope of the survey was larger than a survey conducted in 2013. The survey respon

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Otitoju, Moradeyo Adebanjo, Tosin Olawoye, Saadu Suliat Abiola, Shehu Ahmed, and Onyekachukwu Okoma. "Plastic waste management and recycling: a review." Journal of Global Social Sciences 4, no. 16 (2023): 60–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.58934/jgss.v4i16.219.

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The annual production of plastics worldwide has thrived to about 4.05% since 1950-2021 from 1.5 million tonnes to 390.7 million tonnes. And the need for plastics has increased because of a growing population and its extensive use in our daily lives. We have reviewed in this paper pertinent literature on management of plastic waste, recycling of plastics, types of plastics and their recyclability, plastic recycling process, benefits of plastic recycling and the challenges of plastic recycling in Nigeria. Papers that reported Plastic waste generation and management in Nigeria: Issues, challenges

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Gazzotti, Stefano, Beatrice De Felice, Marco Aldo Ortenzi, and Marco Parolini. "Approaches for Management and Valorization of Non-Homogeneous, Non-Recyclable Plastic Waste." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 16 (2022): 10088. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191610088.

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The environmental accumulation of plastic wastes has become one of the most discussed topics in the scientific community. The development of new strategies to tackle this issue is of crucial importance, and different approaches are being investigated to effectively reduce plastic waste generated by improper or inefficient disposal. In addition to the efforts addressing the development of biodegradable plastics, the research is currently focused on the development of innovative recycling approaches. Indeed, although most plastic materials are potentially recyclable, only 15% of the worldwide pl

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Choi, Janghee, Byeongju Lim, and Youngjun Yoo. "Advancing Plastic Waste Classification and Recycling Efficiency: Integrating Image Sensors and Deep Learning Algorithms." Applied Sciences 13, no. 18 (2023): 10224. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app131810224.

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Plastics, with their versatility and cost-effectiveness, have become indispensable materials across various industries. However, the improper disposal and mismanagement of plastic waste have led to significant environmental issues, including pollution, habitat destruction, and threats to wildlife. To address these challenges, numerous methods for plastic waste sorting and recycling have been developed. While conventional techniques like near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) have been effective to some extent, they face difficulties in accurately classifying chemically similar samples, such as poly

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Igbinomwanhia, D. I., and N. J. Alao. "Integrated Solid Waste Management System – A Case Study of Solid Waste Source Sorting Alternative in a Tertiary Institution in Nigeria." Advanced Materials Research 367 (October 2011): 807–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.367.807.

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In most developing countries, solid waste components are generally commingled. Sorting of solid waste is one of the most important activities in the material recovering process of the integrated solid waste management system. If solid waste is sorted, about 30% of the work is done. Several methods exist for sorting comingled solid waste. The work presented in this paper involved the study of solid waste source sorting alternatives in Nigerian Universities. A site-specific study was carried out to characterize the solid waste generated in the University of Benin. Alternative concepts for sortin

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Sianturi, Libianko, Inra Ahui Sitompul, Fiktor Sihombing, Jamser Simanjuntak, and Sindak Hutauruk. "Disain Dan Implementasi Sistem Penyortir Botol Minuman Otomatis Menggunakan Sensor Berbasis Arduino Uno." Jurnal Visi Eksakta 3, no. 1 (2022): 21–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.51622/eksakta.v3i1.439.

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Currently, the goods sorting process in industry still uses a manual method. Therefore, it is necessary to propose an automatic sorting method using control technology. In order to realize the above issue, an automated method is proposed to separate plastic materials and metallic materials in a prototype of goods sorting process. In our study, a plastic bottle and metal bottle detector was designed using a TCRT5000 infrared sensor and an Arduino Uno-based Proximity sensor. The TCRT5000 sensor functions to detect nonmetallic materials while the proximity sensor detects metallic and nonmetallic

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Markina, L. M., S. Yu Ushkats, and N. Yu Zholobenko. "DETERMINATION OF THE HAZARD OF PLASTIC WASTE FOR INVESTIGATION OF THE POSSIBILITY OF THEIR UTILIZATION BY THERMAL METHODS." Labour protection problems in Ukraine 37, no. 2 (2021): 25–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.36804/nndipbop.37-2.2021.25-37.

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Recently, the production of plastics has increased several times and the demand for plastic materials continues to grow, which leads to an increase in plastic waste, which creates a number of environmental problems, as well as the potential for the waste management industry. The article considers the issues of environmental pollution due to the increase in the amount of plastic waste, their accumulation with an emphasis on various chemicals contained in plastic products to improve the properties of polymers and extend their service life. The qualitative and quantitative composition of additive

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Lyshtva, Pavlo, Artūras Torkelis, Yaroslav Kobets, et al. "Characterization of the Municipal Plastic and Multilayer Packaging Waste in Three Cities of the Baltic States." Sustainability 17, no. 3 (2025): 986. https://doi.org/10.3390/su17030986.

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The composition of plastic and multilayer packaging waste was assessed in the mixed municipal solid waste (MSW) streams of the Kaunas (Lithuania), Daugavpils (Latvia) and Tallinn (Estonia) municipalities. For the analysis of samples in the mixed MSW streams, the authors used manual sorting and a visual recognition method. Composition analysis of plastic and multilayer packaging waste from separately collected waste of multi-family and single-family households was performed in the Kaunas and Tallinn municipalities. For the analysis of samples in the separately collected waste streams, the resea

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Sörme, Louise, Elin Voxberg, Joacim Rosenlund, Sara Jensen, and Anna Augustsson. "Coloured Plastic Bags for Kerbside Collection of Waste from Households—To Improve Waste Recycling." Recycling 4, no. 2 (2019): 20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/recycling4020020.

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Today, considerable amounts of resources are landfilled or incinerated, and recyclable materials such as metal, glass, plastic, and paper are disposed of as residual waste instead of being sorted into recyclable fractions. Recycling is one way of transitioning towards a circular economy and a more resource-efficient society. However, in many older cities there is insufficient space for waste bins, which makes waste sorting difficult. The aim of the study was to test how the introduction of a new kerbside collection system, using different-coloured plastic bags, would influence the amounts of r

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Lybæk, Rikke, and Tyge Kjær. "How Can Circular Economy Strengthen the Recycling of Plastic Packaging Wastes? Exploratory and Qualitative Case Study of the Danish Plastic Industry." Environmental Research, Engineering and Management 80, no. 3 (2024): 86–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.erem.80.3.35925.

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This paper investigates how companies in the plastic value chain can comply with the requirements put forward in the European Union’s Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) scheme for plastic packaging wastes, which must be fully adopted in a Danish context ultimo 2024. Plastic packaging waste for recycling is expected to increase when the EPR scheme enters into force, just as national regulation seeks to avoid the incineration of plastics. Multiple case studies, applying an exploratory and qualitative approach, were conducted with three best-case companies within the plastic value chain to il

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Yani, Irsyadi, Marwani, Dewi Puspitasari, and Yulia Resti. "The Symmetric Pattern Fuzzy Discretizationin Predicting Plastic Type for a Sorting System Using Decision Tree Methods." Science and Technology Indonesia 10, no. 3 (2025): 809–21. https://doi.org/10.26554/sti.2025.10.3.809-821.

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Plastics made from petroleum as the main ingredient cannot decompose quickly like organic materials, but rather take 500 years to 1000 years. Recycling plastic waste can significantly reduce the negative impacts that damage the environment. In addition, it can also reduce the use of natural resources as raw materials and energy use in the extraction process from mining to ready-for-use. In the process of recycling plastic bottle waste in industry, a sorting system is needed to sort the types of plastic bottle waste automatically, effectively, and efficiently. The system needs a prediction mode

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