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Journal articles on the topic 'Plastic waste management'
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1
Hidayah, Nurul, and Syafrudin. "A Review on Landfill Management in the Utilization of Plastic Waste as an Alternative Fuel." E3S Web of Conferences 31 (2018): 05013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20183105013.
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Wastes from landfills originate from many spheres of life. These are produces as a result of human activities either domestically or industrially. The global plastic production increased over years due to the vast applications of plastics in many sectors. The continuous demand of plastics caused the plastic wastes accumulation in the landfill consumed a lot of spaces that contributed to the environmental. In addition, economic growth and development also increased our demand and dependency on plastics which leads to its accumulation in landfills imposing risk on human health, animals and cause environmental pollution problems such as ground water contamination, sanitary related issues, etc. The management and disposal of plastic waste have become a major concern, especially in developing cities. The idea of waste to energy recovery is one of the promising techniques used for managing the waste of plastic. Hence, this paper aims review at utilizing of plastic as an alternative fuel.
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Et al., Kannikar Khaw-ngern. "Sufficiency Economy Philosophy for Sustainable Zero Plastic Waste." Psychology and Education Journal 58, no. 1 (January 29, 2021): 1425–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.17762/pae.v58i1.924.
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Plastic wastes has become a global problem, and Thailand produces about two million tonnes of plastic waste per year, around 12% of total waste. The purpose of this article is to examine the causes of plastic waste in Thailand, to study the goals of Thailand’s Roadmap on Plastic Waste Management 2018-2030 and Master Plan on Solid Waste Management 2016-2021, to examine the SDGs Goal 12 regarding waste reduction and sustainable consumption and production, and to investigate the principles of Sufficiency Economy Philosophy (SEP). Documentary study and literature review were used for data collection. Plastics waste and pollutions and inappropriate waste management have caused a lot of problems to people and communities and they cause contamination and residual cumulative impacts on the environment. The result showed that single-use plastics was a major factor of increasing plastic waste, especially during and after COVID-19, and inappropriate waste management has accounted for negative impacts on public well-being, communities, and environment. Sufficiency Economy Philosophy, when being applied to waste management, could play an important role in changing consumer’s behavior towards waste reduction because it influenced individuals to be aware of the impacts that their actions and consumptions may have on the environment, and subsequently their livelihoods. Thus, SEP will promote the ban of single-use plastic under the Roadmap, strengthen the waste management of 3R (Reduce, Reuse, Recycle) under the Master Plan, and contribute to sustainable consumption and production under SDG Goal 12.
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Asari, Misuzu, Megu Tsuchimura, Shin-ichi Sakai, Makoto Tsukiji, and Faafetai Sagapolutele. "Analysis of mismanaged plastic waste in Samoa to suggest proper waste management in Pacific island countries." Waste Management & Research 37, no. 12 (August 18, 2019): 1207–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0734242x19867391.
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Pacific island countries are facing critical challenges in managing the growing amount of increasingly diverse wastes because of changing lifestyles and the concentration of populations in urban areas. Although marine plastic waste is an issue in the Pacific region, there have been almost no studies of the estimation and impacts of ocean plastic waste, and measures to control such waste, in these countries. Here, first we conducted a questionnaire survey about consumption and disposal of plastic products at households in Samoa as one of the examples of Pacific island countries to grasp the flow of plastic materials and awareness or behaviour for plastic waste. Then we quantified ocean plastic waste and discussed the effective and needed countermeasures in Pacific island countries. The total amount of mismanaged plastic waste was estimated to be 327,000 or 156,000 t y−1 (depending on the scenario) in Pacific island countries. The regional Pacific island countries contribution to the global total mismanaged plastic waste was estimated to range from 1.3% to 2.7%. The amount of mismanaged plastic waste per capita in some Pacific island countries, such as Solomon Islands and Micronesia, was also ranked highly globally. The main reasons seem to be that waste collection rates are relatively low in rural areas and rates of plastic waste generation are high. To implement solutions, including improving municipal solid waste collection, reducing plastic waste, improving the collection and recycling of plastics, and the integration of a number of policies is essential.
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Gupta, Piyush. "Plastic waste management, a concern for community." Holistic approach to environment 11, no. 2 (February 9, 2021): 49–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.33765/thate.11.2.3.
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Plastics i.e. polymers are long chains or networks of monomer molecules which can be fabricated in desired shape, colour and specifications. The multi-functionality of this macromolecule has made it an integral part of society. Due to being given immense importance in various industrial sectors, like information technology, electrical, as well as electronics industries, intelligent, smart and advanced packaging systems, agriculture, automobiles, biomedical applications, etc., they are quite indispensable for the modern generation. The huge demand and high frequency usage have alarmed a number of countries littered with plastic wastes which need to be attended immediately. The effects of plastic solid waste on environmental living and non-living components are noticeable in the ever-increasing level of plastic pollution both on land and in the oceans globally. This paper compiles the various aspects and prospects of disposal methods like landfilling, recycling, progress in recovery and management of plastic waste (i.e. primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary) in order to minimize its huge volumes. The depolymerisation process is the key technology behind its success which provides a high yield of product and a minimal amount of waste. Few innovative methods other than recycling published by different researchers are also discussed in this paper.
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Bhandari, Netra Lal, Sulakshana Bhattarai, Ganesh Bhandari, Sumita Subedi, and Kedar Nath Dhakal. "A Review on Current Practices of Plastics Waste Management and Future Prospects." Journal of Institute of Science and Technology 26, no. 1 (June 17, 2021): 107–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jist.v26i1.37837.
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Inefficient solid waste management of plastics and polymeric materials is one of the global challenges leading to environmental deterioration. This challenge has brought alarming concern to minimize volume of such wastes released into the environment. The concern proposes a solution to the existing problems to some extent by reuse, recycling, and efficient conversion of waste materials into alternative application. Chemical and thermo-mechanical conversion of plastic wastes into energy and their biodegradation were taken into account. Consequently, some newly employed recycling and conversion techniques of plastic wastes, and possible future alternatives with recommendations are reviewed in this article
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Fatima, Zernab, and Roohi. "Smart Approach of Solid Waste Management for Recycling of Polymers: A Review." Current Biochemical Engineering 5, no. 1 (September 27, 2019): 4–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/2212711905666181019114919.
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Background: : The world’s annual utilization of plastic materials is growing day by day and simultaneously solid waste management is becoming one of the major environmental concerns throughout the world. Current approach for their usage and disposal is not sustainable because of the durability of the polymers involved. Methods: : Partially digested products of these plastics in the form of micro-plastics are accumulating as debris in landfills and in natural habitats because of their remaining in the environment for millions of years. Easy availability, low cost and ubiquitous applications make the plastics most attractive polymer whose proper disposal through specific technology seems the only alternate and that may lessen down the pollution over the next decades. Results: : Recycling as a waste management strategy provides opportunities to reduce the use of petrochemical resources and improving environmental conditions. Reuse of bulky plastic wastes in concrete and Wood Plastic Composites (WPC) seems a smart approach for solving the problem of disposal. The development of new construction materials using recycled plastics is important to both the construction and the plastic recycling industries. Conclusion:: This review article presents the details of recycling of waste management, their probable application for concrete and WPC production, types of recycled plastics, role of microbes and microbial enzymes for recycling of plastics and emphasis on use of biodegradable plastics to make the environment green.
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Mykhailova, E. "PLASTIC POLLUTION IS ONE OF THE MAIN ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEM OF HUMANITY." Municipal economy of cities 4, no. 157 (September 25, 2020): 109–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.33042/2522-1809-2020-4-157-109-121.
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Тhe article is devoted to the global environmental problem of plastic waste pollution. Now, about 9 billion tons of primary plastic have been produced. Of this amount, 6.3 billion tons is plastic waste, of which 9 % was recycled, 12 % incinerated, and 79 % accumulated in landfills or in the environment. The main feature of plastic materials is their stability. Once in the environment as waste, plastic can be in its original state for more than 450 years. The purpose of the article is to study the current state of production and use of plastics, as well as the field of plastic waste management; identification of perspective methods for solving the problem of plastic pollution. Plastics are organic macromolecular compounds that have high quality characteristics. Due to this, they became widespread. There are different types of plastics: thermoplastics, thermosets, foams and bioplastics. Currently, 40% of plastic is used once, after which it is discarded. Under the influence of various factors in the environment plastic slowly breaks down into small fragments, known as microplastics. Microplastic particles get into the soil, water, and through food chains can enter the human body. Potentially microplastics can negatively affect the human body. To solve the problem of accumulation of plastic waste in the environment, many countries around the world, including Ukraine, are implementing a waste management system based on the European waste management hierarchy. The hierarchy reflects five approaches to waste management: Removal (waste disposal and incineration without energy production), Recovery (waste incineration with energy production), Recycling (waste conversion into secondary raw materials for reuse), Reuse (waste reuse without recycling) and Prevention (waste amount minimization). Disposal is the least efficient way of waste management, and recycling and prevention are the most effective ways. Keywords: plastic, waste, pollution, environment, landfill, recycling.
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Miao, Yu, Annette von Jouanne, and Alexandre Yokochi. "Current Technologies in Depolymerization Process and the Road Ahead." Polymers 13, no. 3 (January 30, 2021): 449. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13030449.
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Although plastic is considered an indispensable commodity, plastic pollution is a major concern around the world due to its rapid accumulation rate, complexity, and lack of management. Some political policies, such as the Chinese import ban on plastic waste, force us to think about a long-term solution to eliminate plastic wastes. Converting waste plastics into liquid and gaseous fuels is considered a promising technique to eliminate the harm to the environment and decrease the dependence on fossil fuels, and recycling waste plastic by converting it into monomers is another effective solution to the plastic pollution problem. This paper presents the critical situation of plastic pollution, various methods of plastic depolymerization based on different kinds of polymers defined in the Society of the Plastics Industry (SPI) Resin Identification Coding System, and the opportunities and challenges in the future.
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Riskiana, Refa, Hefni Effendi, and Yusli Wardiatno. "Kelimpahan dan komposisi sampah plastik di DAS Baturusa Provinsi Kepulauan Bangka Belitung." Jurnal Pengelolaan Sumberdaya Alam dan Lingkungan (Journal of Natural Resources and Environmental Management) 10, no. 4 (December 31, 2020): 650–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.29244/jpsl.10.4.650-659.
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The usage of plastic has been increasing from year to year for its durable, lightweight, sturdy, easy to form, and low cost production, so that plastic becomes a popular material. Plastics have affinities with persistent organic pollutant such as PCB, DDT, PAH and phthalates that can damage the ecosystem as well as harm to human. In this study plastic wastes were collected using nets in seven stations along Baturusa watershed, sorted based on its composing resin (RIC), then measured the abundance and the density rate on each station. 36% of the collected plastic wastes are Polypropylene (02), and 24% are LDPE (04). The highest density rate of collected plastic wastes was found on Mabet river (1.36 x 102 items/m3), followed by Baturusa river, and Rangkui river estuary. These three stations are located near the settlements so that the source of the plastic wastes comes from domestic activities. The variety of waste management showed a significant impact to the amount of plastic wastes on waters. One of the plastic waste management for the settlements is to carry out 3R (reduce, reuse, recycle), such as waste bank programs and implement EPR (extended producer responsibility) programme. The successfulness of this programme can only be achieved by the active participation of the waste bank customers and the implementation of 3R principle in daily life.
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Abukasim, S. M., F. Zuhria, and Z. Saing. "Alternative management of plastic waste." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1517 (April 2020): 012041. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1517/1/012041.
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Mehnaz, Samina, and Ayesha Javaid. "Microbes and plastic waste management." Environmental Sustainability 3, no. 4 (November 24, 2020): 337–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s42398-020-00149-3.
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Mazhandu, Zvanaka S., Edison Muzenda, Tirivaviri A. Mamvura, Mohamed Belaid, and Trust Nhubu. "Integrated and Consolidated Review of Plastic Waste Management and Bio-Based Biodegradable Plastics: Challenges and Opportunities." Sustainability 12, no. 20 (October 12, 2020): 8360. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12208360.
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Cumulative plastic production worldwide skyrocketed from about 2 million tonnes in 1950 to 8.3 billion tonnes in 2015, with 6.3 billion tonnes (76%) ending up as waste. Of that waste, 79% is either in landfills or the environment. The purpose of the review is to establish the current global status quo in the plastics industry and assess the sustainability of some bio-based biodegradable plastics. This integrative and consolidated review thus builds on previous studies that have focused either on one or a few of the aspects considered in this paper. Three broad items to strongly consider are: Biodegradable plastics and other alternatives are not always environmentally superior to fossil-based plastics; less investment has been made in plastic waste management than in plastics production; and there is no single solution to plastic waste management. Some strategies to push for include: increasing recycling rates, reclaiming plastic waste from the environment, and bans or using alternatives, which can lessen the negative impacts of fossil-based plastics. However, each one has its own challenges, and country-specific scientific evidence is necessary to justify any suggested solutions. In conclusion, governments from all countries and stakeholders should work to strengthen waste management infrastructure in low- and middle-income countries while extended producer responsibility (EPR) and deposit refund schemes (DPRs) are important add-ons to consider in plastic waste management, as they have been found to be effective in Australia, France, Germany, and Ecuador.
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Astuti, Arieyanti Dwi. "PENERAPAN KANTONG PLASTIK BERBAYAR SEBAGAI UPAYA MEREDUKSI PENGGUNAAN KANTONG PLASTIK." Jurnal Litbang: Media Informasi Penelitian, Pengembangan dan IPTEK 12, no. 1 (December 26, 2018): 32–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.33658/jl.v12i1.50.
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ENGLISHThe use of plastic bag tends to increase and it causes the increase of plastic waste. Plastic waste is a hazardous material because it is difficult to be decomposed biologically. Waste management in Indonesia is regulated by Law Number 18/2008 and Government Regulation Number 81/ 2012. Besides the use of biodegradable plastics, reducing the number of plastic bag can be done by implementing a no free plastic bag policy. The policy was issued by the Directorate General Waste Management, Waste and Hazardous and Toxic under the Ministry of Environment and Forestry (KLHK). The content of this policy is to urge people to bring their own bag when shopping, otherwise they have to buy plastic bags. The policy has been implemented in several countries and succeeded in reducing the number of plastic bags significantly. In Indonesia, the pilot implementation of the policy was conducted from February 21, 2016 to June 5, 2016 in 22 cities. Funds raised from the sale of plastic bag are public funds that will be used for waste management activities. By implementating this policy is expected to reduce the use of plastic bag in Indonesia, as in other countries that already have implemented it. INDONESIAPenggunaan kantong plastik yang cenderung mengalami peningkatan, akan meningkatkan jumlah sampah plastik. Sampah plastik merupakan sampah berbahaya karena sifatnya yang sulit terurai secara biologis. Pengelolaan sampah di Indonesia sudah diatur dalam UU No 18 Tahun 2008 dan PP No 81 Tahun 2012. Selain dengan penggunaan plastik biodegradable, penurunan jumlah penggunaan kantong plastik dapat dilakukan dengan menerapkan kebijakan kantong plastik berbayar. Kebijakan ini dikeluarkan oleh Kementerian Lingkungan Hidup dan Kehutanan (KLHK) melalui surat edaran Direktorat Jenderal Pengelolaan Sampah, Limbah dan Bahan Berbahaya dan Beracun. Isi dari kebijakan ini menghimbau masyarakat untuk membawa alternatif kantong plastik saat berbelanja atau jika masyarakat tidak membawa kantong plastik belanjaan, pelaku ritel akan mengenakan harga pada kantong plastik yang diminta masyarakat saat belanja. Kebijakan ini sudah banyak diterapkan di beberapa negara dan berhasil menurunkan jumlah penggunaan kantong plastik secara signifikan. Di Indonesia, uji coba penerapan kebijakan ini dilakukan mulai 21 Februari 2016 hingga 5 Juni 2016 di 22 kota. Dana yang terkumpul dari hasil penjualan kantong plastik merupakan dana publik yang nantinya digunakan untuk kegiatan pengelolaan sampah. Dengan penerapan kebijakan ini diharapkan dapat mengurangi penggunaan kantong plastik di Indonesia, seperti pada negara-negara lain yang sudah menerapkan kebijakan ini sebelumnya.
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FOLDES, ENIKO, and BELA PUKANSZKY. "Plastic waste management and environmentally degradable plastics in Hungary." Polimery 47, no. 07 (July 2002): 551–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.14314/polimery.2002.551.
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Celauro, Clara, Rosalia Teresi, Francesco Graziano, Francesco Paolo La Mantia, and Antonio Protopapa. "Preliminary Evaluation of Plasmix Compound from Plastics Packaging Waste for Reuse in Bituminous Pavements." Sustainability 13, no. 4 (February 19, 2021): 2258. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13042258.
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Finding an appropriate technical solution for reusing waste plastics is crucial for creating a circular plastic economy. Although mechanical recycling is the best option for recycling post-consumer plastics, some heterogeneous mixed plastics cannot be recycled to produce secondary material due to their very low properties. In this case, alternative routes should be considered in order to limit their disposal as much as possible. Therefore, in order to solve the environmental problems in the landfills of plastic waste recycling, and to improve the mechanical performance of bitumen for road pavement, the reuse of these post-consumer plastic wastes are preliminarily evaluated for the modification of bitumen for road use. The field of polymers used so far and widely studied concerns virgin materials, or highly homogeneous materials, in case of recycled plastics. In this work, a highly heterogeneous mixed plastic—Plasmix—from the separate collection in Italy, is used as a bitumen modifier for road construction. The research focused on the dry (into the mixture) and wet (into the binder) addition of different content of the Plasmix compound, with the aim of assessing the feasibility of the modification itself. Results of the mechanical tests carried out prove an increase in performance and that there is a potential of the addition of the Plasmix compound both for binder and mixture modifications.
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Subin, R. P., S. Jeyanthi, and S. Rajesh. "An Approach for Real Time Plastic Waste Segregation." Applied Mechanics and Materials 787 (August 2015): 138–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.787.138.
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Plastic has found an irreplaceable part in human life. Human produces plastic wastes continually which results in pollution. In this paper GLCM (Gray Level Co-occurrence Matrix) technique is used for plastic segregation. Plastic segregation is necessary for recycling; hence they have to be segregated from other wastes. Manufacturing plastics from recycled plastic products uses only two-third of the energy used to make plastics from virgin materials. By the variation in intensity levels of reflected light from the plastic wastes it is segregated. This type of waste management gains attention in recent days due to enormous increase in the wastes generated. Robotic arm controlled using vision system that uses GLCM technique is used for segregation. The GLCM property of contrast is calculated for the given sample and it is compared with the stored pre-defined value. On successful comparison with the given condition a signal is sent through the serial port to the 8051 microcontroller using USART (Universal Synchronous/Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter) feature. On receipt of this signal, the microcontroller provides movement of the robotic arm by controlling the servo motors.
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Brems, Anke, Jan Baeyens, and Raf Dewil. "Recycling and recovery of post-consumer plastic solid waste in a European context." Thermal Science 16, no. 3 (2012): 669–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci120111121b.
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The disposal of waste plastics has become a major worldwide environmental problem. The USA, Europe and Japan generate annually about 50 million tons of post-consumer plastic waste, previously landfilled, generally considered as a non-sustainable and environmentally questionable option. Landfill sites and their capacity are, moreover, decreasing rapidly, and legislation is stringent. Several European Directives and US legislation concern plastic wastes and the required management. They are briefly discussed in this paper. New processes have emerged, i.e., advanced mechanical recycling of plastic waste as virgin or second grade plastic feedstock, and thermal treatments to recycle the waste as virgin monomer, as synthetic fuel gas, or as heat source (incineration with energy recovery). These processes avoid land filling, where the non-biodegradable plastics remain a lasting environmental burden. The paper reviews these alternative options through mostly thermal processing (pyrolysis, gasification and waste-to-energy). Additional research is, however, still needed to confirm the potential on pilot and commercial scale.
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Prata, Joana C., Ana L. Patrício Silva, João P. da Costa, Catherine Mouneyrac, Tony R. Walker, Armando C. Duarte, and Teresa Rocha-Santos. "Solutions and Integrated Strategies for the Control and Mitigation of Plastic and Microplastic Pollution." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 13 (July 7, 2019): 2411. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16132411.
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Plastic pollution is generated by the unsustainable use and disposal of plastic products in modern society, threatening economies, ecosystems, and human health. Current clean-up strategies have attempted to mitigate the negative effects of plastic pollution but are unable to compete with increasing quantities of plastic entering the environment. Thus, reducing inputs of plastic to the environment must be prioritized through a global multidisciplinary approach. Mismanaged waste is a major land-based source of plastic pollution that can be reduced through improvements in the life-cycle of plastics, especially in production, consumption, and disposal, through an Integrated Waste Management System. In this review paper, we discuss current practices to improve life cycle and waste management of plastics that can be implemented to reduce health and environmental impacts of plastics and reduce plastics pollution. Ten recommendations for stakeholders to reduce plastic pollution include (1) regulation of production and consumption; (2) eco-design; (3) increasing the demand for recycled plastics; (4) reducing the use of plastics; (5) use of renewable energy for recycling; (6) extended producer responsibility over waste; (7) improvements in waste collection systems; (8) prioritization of recycling; (9) use of bio-based and biodegradable plastics; and (10) improvement in recyclability of e-waste.
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Hervie, Dolores Mensah, Ernest Christian Winful, and Sebrina Kafui Tsagli. "Valorization of Plastic Waste in Ghana." International Journal of Sustainable Economies Management 10, no. 2 (April 2021): 31–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijsem.2021040103.
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Wastes from plastics are ubiquitous and have become a critical global challenge, especially in Africa. There is an urgent call to combat the menace because of its harmful impact on the ecosystem. The research methodology used is the exploratory technique. Circular economy (CE) is the answer to this global problem, especially in advanced countries. Even though some African countries have commenced recycling waste plastics, which is a contribution to circular economy, the idea is now gaining support in Ghana. The aim of this study is to propose a strategy and design a customized business model canvas for an establishment that transforms different types of waste plastics into pavement slabs and paving tiles in Ghana. The rationale is to accentuate the significance of introducing CE as a tool for effective and efficient plastic waste management in the country.
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Kumar, Rakesh, Anurag Verma, Arkajyoti Shome, Rama Sinha, Srishti Sinha, Prakash Kumar Jha, Ritesh Kumar, et al. "Impacts of Plastic Pollution on Ecosystem Services, Sustainable Development Goals, and Need to Focus on Circular Economy and Policy Interventions." Sustainability 13, no. 17 (September 6, 2021): 9963. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13179963.
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Plastic pollution is ubiquitous in terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. Plastic waste exposed to the environment creates problems and is of significant concern for all life forms. Plastic production and accumulation in the natural environment are occurring at an unprecedented rate due to indiscriminate use, inadequate recycling, and deposits in landfills. In 2019, the global production of plastic was at 370 million tons, with only 9% of it being recycled, 12% being incinerated, and the remaining left in the environment or landfills. The leakage of plastic wastes into terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems is occurring at an unprecedented rate. The management of plastic waste is a challenging problem for researchers, policymakers, citizens, and other stakeholders. Therefore, here, we summarize the current understanding and concerns of plastics pollution (microplastics or nanoplastics) on natural ecosystems. The overall goal of this review is to provide background assessment on the adverse effects of plastic pollution on natural ecosystems; interlink the management of plastic pollution with sustainable development goals; address the policy initiatives under transdisciplinary approaches through life cycle assessment, circular economy, and sustainability; identify the knowledge gaps; and provide current policy recommendations. Plastic waste management through community involvement and socio-economic inputs in different countries are presented and discussed. Plastic ban policies and public awareness are likely the major mitigation interventions. The need for life cycle assessment and circularity to assess the potential environmental impacts and resources used throughout a plastic product’s life span is emphasized. Innovations are needed to reduce, reuse, recycle, and recover plastics and find eco-friendly replacements for plastics. Empowering and educating communities and citizens to act collectively to minimize plastic pollution and use alternative options for plastics must be promoted and enforced. Plastic pollution is a global concern that must be addressed collectively with the utmost priority.
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Ncube, Lindani Koketso, Albert Uchenna Ude, Enoch Nifise Ogunmuyiwa, Rozli Zulkifli, and Isaac Nongwe Beas. "An Overview of Plastic Waste Generation and Management in Food Packaging Industries." Recycling 6, no. 1 (February 12, 2021): 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/recycling6010012.
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Over the years, the world was not paying strict attention to the impact of rapid growth in plastic use. This has led to unprecedented amounts of mixed types of plastic waste entering the environment unmanaged. Packaging plastics account for half of the global total plastic waste. This paper seeks to give an overview of the use, disposal, and regulation of food packaging plastics. Demand for food packaging is on the rise as a result of increasing global demand for food due to population growth. Most of the food packaging are used on-the-go and are single use plastics that are disposed of within a short space of time. The bulk of this plastic waste has found its way into the environment contaminating land, water and the food chain. The food industry is encouraged to reduce, reuse and recycle packaging materials. A wholistic approach to waste management will need to involve all stakeholders working to achieve a circular economy. A robust approach to prevent pollution today rather than handling the waste in the future should be adopted especially in Africa where there is high population growth.
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Septiani, Berliana Anggun, Dian Mita Arianie, Via Fide Aditya Andi Risman, Widhi Handayani, and Istiarsi Saptuti Sri Kawuryan. "PENGELOLAAN SAMPAH PLASTIK DI SALATIGA: Praktik, dan tantangan." Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan 17, no. 1 (May 29, 2019): 90. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jil.17.1.90-99.
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The increase of solid waste production is a general problem in municipality, particularly of plastic waste. The durability, light-weight, anticorrosiveness, and inexpensiveness properties of plastic make it favorable to be used in daily life, including in Salatiga. However, plastic is one of some non-biodegradable materials that could lead to soil and water pollution as it contains toxic compounds such as aromatic hydrocarbons, phthalates, and organochlorine. Various studies in municipal solid waste management have been conducted. While those studies often applied various approaches separately, researches in regard to the role of stakeholders in municipal solid waste management are very limited. This study aims to explain the plastic waste management in Salatiga based on the role of the corresponding stakeholders. This qualitative study shows that there are four stakeholders who were involved in municipal plastic waste management in Salatiga. They were the households who generate wastes, the scavengers who sorts the wastes, Bank Sampah and collectors who have the same role in order to collect the wastes and treat the plastic wastes through reusing or recycling processes, and the government. Currently, efforts in waste treatment in Salatiga are focused on the system of collecting-tranferring-disposal mode, waste treatment by reuse and recycle processing, and landfilling. Reducing plastic consumption must take into account the sociocultural aspect and environmental awareness, as the people still interested to use plastic instead of using other materials in substitution. Finally, the role of government is central to educate the community in term of sorting activities and reducing waste production, build the capacity of Bank Sampah, and manage the role of scavengers and collectors. Other alternatives include creating synergy between the collectors and Bank Sampah, as well as ensuring final treatment of the unprocessed wastes disposed by collectors and Bank Sampah.
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Wojnowska-Baryła, Irena, Dorota Kulikowska, and Katarzyna Bernat. "Effect of Bio-Based Products on Waste Management." Sustainability 12, no. 5 (March 9, 2020): 2088. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12052088.
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This article focuses on the end-of-life management of bio-based products by recycling, which reduces landfilling. Bio-plastics are very important materials, due to their widespread use in various fields. The advantage of these products is that they primarily use renewable materials. At its end-of-life, a bio-based product is disposed of and becomes post-consumer waste. Correctly designing waste management systems for bio-based products is important for both the environment and utilization of these wastes as resources in a circular economy. Bioplastics are suitable for reuse, mechanical recycling, organic recycling, and energy recovery. The volume of bio-based waste produced today can be recycled alongside conventional wastes. Furthermore, using biodegradable and compostable bio-based products strengthens industrial composting (organic recycling) as a waste management option. If bio-based products can no longer be reused or recycled, it is possible to use them to produce bio-energy. For future effective management of bio-based waste, it should be determined how these products are currently being managed. Methods for valorizing bio-based products should be developed. Technologies could be introduced in conjunction with existing composting and anaerobic digestion infrastructure as parts of biorefineries. One option worth considering would be separating bio-based products from plastic waste, to maintain the effectiveness of chemical recycling of plastic waste. Composting bio-based products with biowaste is another option for organic recycling. For this option to be viable, the conditions which allow safe compost to be produced need to be determined and compost should lose its waste status in order to promote bio-based organic recycling.
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Debrah, Justice Kofi, Diogo Guedes Vidal, and Maria Alzira Pimenta Dinis. "Innovative Use of Plastic for a Clean and Sustainable Environmental Management: Learning Cases from Ghana, Africa." Urban Science 5, no. 1 (January 22, 2021): 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/urbansci5010012.
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Addressing the plastic problem requires rigorous attention and practical education for sustainability. Due to the common effective waste management practices in some parts of the world, the plastics’ menace is generally well recognized and controlled worldwide. However, some developing countries do not have acceptable waste management practices, resulting in significant environmental, social, and health cross-cutting issues. Plastic is a significant threat to the environment in Ghana, specifically the urban environment and oceans. The new paradigm shift of virtually using non-biodegradable plastics in all daily products sold increases plastic waste in the environment, which creates problems, such as choked drainage system and breeding places for insects. The scale of these issues requires innovative and practical ideas to help solve this problem. The paper shows how plastic waste is innovatively and creatively converted to artifacts and pavement blocks in Ghana. These innovative ideas have contributed to reduce the volume of plastic waste and enhance environmental sustainability in Africa. The community’s benefits involving friendly environmental activities are identified and represent learning cases from Ghana to the world, particularly to Africa.
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Bureecam, Chira, Taweep Chaisomphob, and Praj-Ya Sungsomboon. "Material flows analysis of plastic in Thailand." Thermal Science 22, no. 6 Part A (2018): 2379–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci160525005b.
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A study of the plastics materials flow analysis in Thailand was aim to show the flow of plastic materials through production, consumption, and waste management based on the year 2013 and projection to the year 2020. This paper finds the plastic waste generation increasing steadily in line with population growth and increasing consumption. In addition, the simulation under waste management three scenarios includes the following: the business as usual, increasing recycled rate set on the National Solid Waste Management Master Plan (2016-2021) and increasing in rate of energy recovery by the Alternative Energy Development Plan 2015-2036. The plastic material flow analysis has shown that the implementation of the National Solid Waste Management Master Plan (2016-2021) or the Alternative Energy Development Plan 2015-2036 can reduce uncollected waste and improper waste disposal. Moreover, there is benefit by adding value from recycled materials and energy recovery.
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Friedrich, Karl, Selina Möllnitz, Stephan Holzschuster, Roland Pomberger, Daniel Vollprecht, and Renato Sarc. "BENCHMARK ANALYSIS FOR PLASTIC RECYCLATES IN AUSTRIAN WASTE MANAGEMENT." Volume 09 - March 2020, no. 9 (November 20, 2019): 105–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.31025/2611-4135/2019.13869.
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Plastic recyclates are granulates which are produced by the processing of plastic wastes. The circular economy package of the EU, especially the amendment of the Waste Framework Directive, sets a new goal for the use of different types of these recyclates. Corresponding primary raw materials can assure reliable qualities with respect to stable physical and chemical properties. Besides, the production of recyclates is often even more expensive than the production of primary raw material granulates. Several quality assurance measures are carried out along the value chain from plastic waste to final plastic products. Recyclates are evidently priced based on the price of primary raw material granulate. Pricing also correlates with different quality parameters, however, such as degree of mixing, degree of degradation and presence of impurities. This paper examines the correlation between different quality features and how they affect the pricing policy for recyclates. Experts and Stakeholders along the value chain of plastic recycling in Austria and Germany have been interviewed about the most important quality assurance parameters and how they (would) affect prices of recyclates. Therefore, quality parameters for the sorted plastic waste as an input for plastic waste recycling companies and manufactured recyclates are included in this paper. Experts from the plastic waste recycling industry confirmed that there is a profound correlation between price and quality that is presented and discussed in the paper: The higher the quality of the recyclates, the lower the level of impurities and the purer the recyclates, the higher the price.
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Donkor, Evans Kwadwo, Victor Kweku Bondzie Micah, and David Akomea. "PLASTIC WASTE AND ITS ARTISTIC CONTEXT." Detritus, no. 14 (March 31, 2021): 118–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.31025/2611-4135/2021.14066.
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The prevalence use and handling of plastics have become a global menace to the environment. This menace has even led to a national discourse on banning plastics in Ghana. The plastic waste situation seems to be an oblivious less concerned by some Ghanaian sculptors, engineers and scientists on its artistic exploration and contribution to the quota of environmental sanitation in Ghana. However, having identified the artistic qualities of plastics, this article seeks to transform plastic waste into art by exploring and analysing non-biodegradable polyethylene as a viable and unconventional material for sculpture. The focus of this studio-based research employed the Praxis with arts-based recycling approach as technique and procedures to create a bust from plastic waste as a means of establishing its viability as an unconventional material for sculpture. It was established from the outcome of the research that plastics as non-biodegradable material should not be seen as an environmental menace, but a viable and unconventional material for sculptors and other professionals like engineers and scientists beyond Ghana must also expand on this research further.
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Khadke, Swikriti, Pragya Gupta, Shanmukh Rachakunta, Chandreswar Mahata, Suma Dawn, Mohit Sharma, Deepak Verma, et al. "Efficient Plastic Recycling and Remolding Circular Economy Using the Technology of Trust–Blockchain." Sustainability 13, no. 16 (August 16, 2021): 9142. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13169142.
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Global plastic waste is increasing rapidly. In general, densely populated regions generate tons of plastic waste daily, which is sometimes disposed of on land or diverged to sea. Most of the plastics created in the form of waste have complex degradation behavior and are non-biodegradable by nature. These remain intact in the environment for a long time span and potentially originate complications within terrestrial and marine life ecosystems. The strategic management of plastic waste and recycling can preserve environmental species and associated costs. The key contribution in this work focuses on ongoing efforts to utilize plastic waste by introducing blockchain during plastic waste recycling. It is proposed that the efficiency of plastic recycling can be improved enormously by using the blockchain phenomenon. Automation for the segregation and collection of plastic waste can effectively establish a globally recognizable tool using blockchain-based applications. Collection and sorting of plastic recycling are feasible by keeping track of plastic with unique codes or digital badges throughout the supply chain. This approach can support a collaborative digital consortium for efficient plastic waste management, which can bring together multiple stakeholders, plastic manufacturers, government entities, retailers, suppliers, waste collectors, and recyclers.
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Borrelle, Stephanie B., Jeremy Ringma, Kara Lavender Law, Cole C. Monnahan, Laurent Lebreton, Alexis McGivern, Erin Murphy, et al. "Predicted growth in plastic waste exceeds efforts to mitigate plastic pollution." Science 369, no. 6510 (September 17, 2020): 1515–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.aba3656.
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Plastic pollution is a planetary threat, affecting nearly every marine and freshwater ecosystem globally. In response, multilevel mitigation strategies are being adopted but with a lack of quantitative assessment of how such strategies reduce plastic emissions. We assessed the impact of three broad management strategies, plastic waste reduction, waste management, and environmental recovery, at different levels of effort to estimate plastic emissions to 2030 for 173 countries. We estimate that 19 to 23 million metric tons, or 11%, of plastic waste generated globally in 2016 entered aquatic ecosystems. Considering the ambitious commitments currently set by governments, annual emissions may reach up to 53 million metric tons per year by 2030. To reduce emissions to a level well below this prediction, extraordinary efforts to transform the global plastics economy are needed.
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Alajail, Abdalla I., Ahmed I. Seedahmed, Babiker K. Abdalla, and Omer A. Shaneb. "A Framework for Conversion of Plastic Waste into Fuels and Chemicals: A Review of the Waste Current Situation in Libya." Applied Mechanics and Materials 664 (October 2014): 80–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.664.80.
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Pyrolysis of waste plastics is one of the routes used for waste minimization, which has been gaining interest in recent years as a feedstock method.In this work, the two universal problems: plastics waste and fuel shortage have been addressed simultaneously. The process of converting PP and PE plastics waste in Libya into fuel and chemicals was overviewed. Data concerning Plastic Industry in Libya was collected to which some projection of the future production rate and waste rate has been estimated.Keywords: Plastic waste; recycling of polymers; waste management.
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Darmastuti, Shanti, Intan Putri Cahyani, Afrimadona Afrimadona, and Syarif Ali. "Pendekatan Circular Economy Dalam Pengelolaan Sampah Plastik di Karang Taruna Desa Baros, Kecamatan Baros, Kabupaten Serang." Indonesian Journal of Society Engagement 1, no. 2 (June 17, 2021): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.33753/ijse.v1i2.13.
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Various environmental problems that have occurred lately are more or less caused by the problem of garbage and waste from various activities of living things, especially humans. Therefore, good waste management is one of the solutions to current environmental problems. One of the main problems faced by partners is plastic waste management. Based on a preliminary field study conducted by the team, it was found that until now there had been no waste management activities carried out by the residents of Baros Village, both plastic waste management related to waste banks and plastic waste sorting. In this regard, one of the innovative solutions for plastic waste management is to apply the circular economy principle by sorting plastic waste and then managing and developing it to create a circular economy, which is recycling plastic waste into a product of economic value, so that can help people's economic life. In this case, through a circular economy approach, karang taruna gets socialization of a circular economy as a foundation in managing plastic waste. The activity began with coordination with officials in Baros Village and the board of the Setia Youth Organization, pretest, counseling, and continued with a posttest. The implementation of outreach activities is carried out online and only involves the karang taruna administrators due to the COVID-19 pandemic condition. From the results of the activities carried out, members of the karang taruna understand the importance of managing plastic waste to make it a commodity with economic value. Abstrak Berbagai permasalahan lingkungan yang terjadi belakangan ini sedikit banyak disebabkan oleh masalah sampah dan limbah dari berbagai aktivitas makhluk hidup, khususnya manusia. Oleh karena itu, pengelolaan sampah yang baik merupakan salah satu solusi dari permasalahan lingkungan saat ini. Salah satu kendala utama yang dihadapi mitra adalah pengelolaan sampah plastik. Berdasarkan studi lapangan pendahuluan yang dilakukan oleh tim, diketahui hingga saat ini belum ada kegiatan pengelolaan sampah yang dilakukan oleh warga Desa Baros, baik pengelolaan sampah plastik terkait bank sampah maupun pemilahan sampah plastik. Berkaitan dengan hal tersebut, salah satu solusi inovatif dalam pengelolaan sampah plastik adalah dengan menerapkan prinsip ekonomi sirkular dengan memilah sampah plastik kemudian mengelola dan mengembangkannya untuk menciptakan ekonomi sirkular, yaitu mendaur ulang sampah plastik menjadi produk yang bernilai ekonomis, sehingga dapat membantu kehidupan ekonomi masyarakat. Dalam hal ini melalui pendekatan ekonomi sirkuler, karang taruna mendapatkan sosialisasi ekonomi sirkuler sebagai landasan dalam pengelolaan sampah plastik. Kegiatan diawali dengan koordinasi dengan aparat di Desa Baros dan pengurus Karang Taruna Setia, pre test, penyuluhan, dan dilanjutkan dengan post test. Pelaksanaan kegiatan penyuluhan dilakukan secara online dan hanya melibatkan pengurus karang taruna karena kondisi pandemi COVID-19. Dari hasil kegiatan yang dilakukan, anggota karang taruna memahami pentingnya pengelolaan sampah plastik untuk dijadikan komoditas yang bernilai ekonomis. Kata Kunci: ekonomi sirkular; sampah plastik; komoditas; karang taruna
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Tabata, Tomohiro, Minori Oda, Peii Tsai, and Keiko Katagiri. "Plastic Packaging Waste Segregation Behavior of Residents and its Environmental Effect on Municipal Solid Waste Management." International Journal of Thermal and Environmental Engineering 16, no. 2 (August 2018): 73–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.5383/ijtee.16.02.002.
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Shin, Sun-Kyoung, Namil Um, Yong-Jun Kim, Na-Hyeon Cho, and Tae-Wan Jeon. "New Policy Framework with Plastic Waste Control Plan for Effective Plastic Waste Management." Sustainability 12, no. 15 (July 28, 2020): 6049. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12156049.
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With an increasing use of plastic, considerable plastic waste is generated, threatening the environment and public health. In particular, changes in living patterns in urban areas have significantly impacted the rate at which plastic waste increases every year. Thus, governments in many developed countries have implemented numerous policies to reduce plastic waste generation. Among them is the concept of circular economy that aims to protect the environment from plastic pollution and promote growth and innovation in industry and human life through overall changes in designing, producing, using, and recycling plastic products. The Korean government has implemented the Resource Circulation Act (RCA), which includes the concept of circular economy and resource efficiency policy for overall waste management. Following the concept of RCA, the Plastic Waste Control Plan (PWCP) was established for the comprehensive management of plastic waste. Therefore, this study introduces the goals and strategies of PWCP, which has a circulation system of four stages of production, consumption, discharge, and recycling, as well as the major roadblocks in the stages impeding the achievement of the goals and strategies. This study also suggests countermeasures at the government level for solving the major problems in the four stages.
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Dhakal, Rabindra Prasad. "Waste management scheme and way forward for during and post COVID-19." Applied Science and Technology Annals 1, no. 1 (June 30, 2020): 113–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/asta.v1i1.30282.
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The SARS-CoV-2 or/andCOVID-19 may have contaminated the wastes, which need especial precaution as suggested by WHO guidelines. WHO also suggested that no cases have been reported of infection from the waste workers working on infected wastes so far. However, in case of Nepal, 50% wastes used to be collected at the time 2011, which seems significantly improving as high as 81% in sampled areas. In COVID period, the concern was raised on safety issues of waste workers as suggested by RDT positive, hence, the public perception of waste management, the scope of recycling of wastes and up streaming of waste materials as economical commodities with proper intervention of technologies, awareness and behavior is incorporated in this study. It is estimated that the total Plastic wastes of major city centers could be significantly turned into useful products including fuel. For example, Kathmandu Valley can extract 24,298 KL oil from wastes plastics, which is based on calculation of waste per capita, waste composition and conversion ratio. Hence, the COVID-19 pandemic could be turn into opportunities in the sector of waste management provided we act wisely.
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SIDHU, GURPREET KAUR, and Pooja Chandel. "The microbial consortia directed evolution towards plastic degradation – the key to waste management?" JOURNAL OF ADVANCES IN BIOLOGY 12 (April 9, 2019): 2316–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.24297/jab.v12i0.8141.
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The rampant use of plastics and their disposal into waste are adding to the problems of pollution. The resistance of plastics to bio-degradation is an added advantage for its significant use but the same property creates havoc when the plastic products are disposed off as waste in massive amounts. The property of micro-organisms to evolve quickly brings answers to even the most impossible situations. The current and several other reports show that the plastic is bio-degradable. The current report shows the action of consortia of microbes isolated from a plastic dumping site can lead to degradation of the polymer. The microbial consortia isolated from plastic dumping site when made to grow in controlled conditions in presence of basal media with plastic as sole source of carbon for an extended period of time, aberrations were observed on surface of the plastic. The proteins reported till date in plastic degradation when analysed in-silico for their homologs in all domains of life, they were found to be significantly similar to proteins of cutinase, hydrolase, lipase and some hypothetical proteins. This shows that the plastic degrading proteins have possibly evolved from these protein families.
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Zhou, Yuan, Jie Guan, Jing Wei Wang, Wen Jie Wu, and Cheng Long Zhang. "Life Cycle Analysis on Regenerating and Energy Recovery of Plastic Solid Waste Management in Shanghai." Applied Mechanics and Materials 768 (June 2015): 426–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.768.426.
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Over the past several decades with significant technological advances there has been continuous increase in plastic manufacturing in China, which has contributed to the production of a great deal of plastics worldwide every year, and at the same time it has resulted in a large amount of plastic solid waste (PSW). It has great potential values for waste plastics to reuse as secondary materials, which may lessen pressure on resource and environment. The paper studies the status of waste plastics in recycling, reusing and reducing on management countering on the increase in the flow of waste plastics in Shanghai. In light of the methodology of life cycle, the study analyzes the environmental impacts associating with the alternatives in a ‘cradle to grave’ approve to PSW technological recycling systems. We will choose regenerating and energy recovery processes based on site investigation and literatures data in Shanghai to analyze recycling options and how various processes affect the environment. Life-cycle methodology was very suitable for evaluating the overall environmental consequences, and could be used for making decisions and planning strategies with the rapid increase of plastic solid waste generation for Shanghai.
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Watkin, Gord, Cheryl Mallen, and Craig Hyatt. "Management Perspectives on Plastics Free Sport Facilities’ Beverage Service." Journal of Management and Sustainability 11, no. 1 (December 23, 2020): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jms.v11n1p1.
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Due to a global environmental issue where plastic waste gets into our water resources, this research identified management perspectives on the implications of moving to plastic-free beverage services at sport facilities. The focus encompassed implications of both eliminating plastics and the introduction of biodegradable alternatives. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with a purposeful sampling of expert food and beverage managers employed at sport facilities with Canadian Hockey League tenants. Interview questions were developed using Transition Management Theory (Kemp, Parto & Gibson, 2015), Attitude-Behaviour-Gap (Jacobs et al., 2018), concepts of consumerism (Koskijoki, 1997), and the call for sustainability business models (Borgert et al., 2018). Using thematic analysis, this study accessed the nuanced understandings of plastics use and the implications of implementing biodegradable alternatives. Results revealed inconsistent environmental management strategies: that government mandates are key; that there is a lack of public pressure concerning plastic waste management pratices; that bioplastic options are overlooked; that seven barriers impact the use of plastic alternatives; and, that mitigation and management of plastic is not their management role. In conclusion, much work is needed to move towards eliminating plastics and the introduction of biodegradable alternatives at sport facility concessions.
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Tran, Minh Tuan, Trung Luong Pham, and Xuan Tung Nguyen. "Reducing plastic waste for the competitiveness of Vietnamese tourist attractions." E3S Web of Conferences 210 (2020): 01011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202021001011.
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Plastic usage in tourism activities has increased significantly in Vietnam over the past decades, leading to the burden of plastic pollution and the threat to sustainable tourism development. The Vietnamese government has recognized the importance of plastic waste management in sustainable tourism. Laws and regulations on controlling pollution due to non-biodegradable plastic bags. Public education activities have been organized to encourage people replace plastic products with natural materials, reuse plastic bags and reduce plastic wastes. Many tourism businesses have found ways to limit plastic consumption, such as replacing disposal plastic products with eco-friendly products. Vietnamese tourism has taken the first steps in reducing plastic waste pollution in tourism activities. This article proposed some solutions to limit and restrain plastic wastes from tourism in Vietnam.
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Ilyas, Muhammad, Waqas Ahmad, Hizbullah Khan, Saeeda Yousaf, Kifayatullah Khan, and Shah Nazir. "Plastic waste as a significant threat to environment – a systematic literature review." Reviews on Environmental Health 33, no. 4 (December 19, 2018): 383–406. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/reveh-2017-0035.
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Abstract Context Materials which exceed the balance of their production and destruction lead to the deterioration in the environment. Plastic is one such material which poses a big threat to the environment. A huge amount of plastic is produced and dumped into the environment which does not readily degrade naturally. In this paper, we address the organization of a large body of literature published on the management of waste plastics being the most challenging issue of the modern world. Objectives To address the issue of the management of waste plastics, there is a dire need to organize the literature published in this field. This paper presents a systematic literature review on plastic waste, its fate and biodegradation in the environment. The objective is to make conclusions on possible practical techniques to lessen the effects of plastic waste on the environment. Method A systematic literature review protocol was followed for conducting the present study [Kitchenham B, Brereton OP, Budgen D, Turner M, Bailey J, Linkman S. Systematic literature reviews in software engineering – A systematic literature review. Inf Softw Technol 2009;51(1):7–15.]. A predefined set of book sections, conference proceedings and high-quality journal publications during the years 1999 to September 2017 were used for data collection. Results One hundred and fifty-three primary studies are selected, based on predefined exclusion, inclusion and quality criteria. These studies will help to identify the fate of different waste plastics, their impact and management and the disposal techniques frequently used. The study also identifies a number of significant techniques and measures for the conversion of waste plastic materials into useful products. Conclusion Five fundamental strategies are used for the handling of plastic waste. These strategies include: recycling, depositing in landfill, incineration, microbial degradation and conversion into useful materials. All of these methods have their own limitations, due to which there is need to explore the studies for optimum solutions of the management of plastics waste.
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Tsai, Wen-Tien. "Analysis of plastic waste reduction and recycling in Taiwan." Waste Management & Research: The Journal for a Sustainable Circular Economy 39, no. 5 (March 21, 2021): 713–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0734242x21996821.
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With the mass production and consumption of single-use plastics and other plastic products, plastic waste management and its resulting microplastic pollution have become the most noteworthy environmental issues. The main objectives of this paper were to review the regulatory measures for plastic waste reduction and recycling, analyse the trend changes on the recycled amounts of regulated plastic containers and also address the discussions on the impacts of COVID-19 on the expected increase in plastic waste. In the past two decades, the central competent authority (i.e. Environmental Protection Administration (EPA)) in Taiwan has promulgated some regulations governing plastic waste reduction and recycling, especially plastic containers. Based on the official statistics, it showed that total certified amounts of regulated plastic containers have increased from 45,552 tonnes in 1998 to 194,133 tonnes in 2019. This shift was in line with circular economy policies by the Zero Waste Program and Resource Recycling and Reuse Plan launched by the Taiwan EPA during this period. On the other hand, the COVID-19 pandemic will impact on the regulatory policies for plastic waste management because the excess use of regulated plastic products will be temporarily permitted due to the epidemic prevention and control measures. Although the increased proportion of plastic waste in municipal solid waste (MSW) will be beneficial for the energy efficiencies of waste-to-power systems in MSW incineration plants, the recycling and reduction rates of regulated plastic containers or products could decline during the COVID-19 breakout.
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Yintii, Bright Buzong, Maxwell Anim- Gyampo, and Maurice M. Braimah. "State of Waste Management and the Willingness of Households to Sort Plastic Wastes before Disposal in Bolgatanga Municipality." Haya: The Saudi Journal of Life Sciences 1, no. 2 (June 2016): 76–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.21276/haya.2016.1.2.4.
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Alpiana, Alpiana, Diah Rahmawati, and Joni Safaat Adiansyah. "PEMBENTUKAN TAMAN HIJAU DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN SAMPAH PLASTIK." SELAPARANG Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Berkemajuan 3, no. 2 (May 10, 2020): 147. http://dx.doi.org/10.31764/jpmb.v3i2.1897.
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ABSTRAK Sampah merupakan salah satu permasalahan yang ada di sekitar kita, dimana sumber sampah salah satunya berasal dari suatu kelompok dengan jumlah aktivitas manusia yang komposisinya 75% terdiri dari sampah organik dan 25% sampah anorganik. Sampah anorganik yang paling banyak dijumpai di masyarakat adalah sampah plastik. Pada tahun 2008 produksi sampah plastik untuk kemasan mencapai 925.000 ton dan sekitar 80% berpotensi menjadi sampah yang berbahaya bagi lingkungan. Karena potensi yang cukup besar, alangkah lebih baik untuk dimanfaatkan sampah plastik ini menjadi suatu produk yang mendukung kehidupan kita. Salah satu cara pemanfaatan sampah plastik khususnya yang berasal dari sampah botol minimum yaitu dengan penggunaan sampah botol menjadi pot untuk taman hijau akan membantu Universitas Muhammadiyah Mataram memiliki gerakan menanam dan mengurangi sampah plastik. Kegiatan pengabdian pada masyarakat menggunakan sampah plastik untuk dibuatkan menjadi pot yang dapat digantung atau dirangkai sehingga bisa menjadi taman hijau. Bahan-bahan yang digunakan yaitu sampah plastik dan kawat atau tali. Bahan-bahan yang digunakan dilakukan pengumpulan terlebih dahulu, dilakukan pemilahan, membersihkan plastik, membentuk pot, melakukan penanaman, dan dilakukan perawatan. Mitra dalam kegiatan pengabdian pada masyarakat adalah pengelola kantin dan mahasiswa. Kegiatan pengabdian pada masyarakat melibatkan mitra pengelola kantin yang berperan untuk pengumpulan botol plastik yang nantinya akan dipilih sesuai dengan kebutuhan pot yang dibuat untuk taman hijau dan mahasiswa yang berperan menjadi pionir dalam membuat taman hijau dan perawatan untuk taman hijau. Taman hijau yang telah terbentuk telah menjadi langkah kecil untuk mencapai zero waste yang merupakan program NTB Gemilang. Kata kunci : sampah; plastik; taman hijau. ABSTRACT Garbage is one of the problems around us, where one source of waste comes from a group with a total of 75% of human activity consisting of organic waste and 25% inorganic waste. Inorganic waste that is most often found in the community is plastic waste. In 2008 the production of plastic waste for packaging reached 925,000 tons and around 80% has the potential to become hazardous waste for the environment. Because of its considerable potential, it would be better to make use of this plastic waste into a product that supports our lives. One way to utilize plastic waste, especially those originating from minimum bottle waste, is the use of bottle waste into pots for green parks will help the University of Muhammadiyah Mataram have a movement to plant and reduce plastic waste. Community service activities use plastic waste to be made into pots that can be hung or strung together so that they can become green parks. The materials used are plastic waste and wire or rope. The materials used are collected in advance, sorting, cleaning plastics, forming pots, planting, and carried out maintenance. Partners in community service activities are canteen managers and students. Community service activities involve canteen management partners whose role is to collect plastic bottles which will be selected according to the needs of pots made for green parks and students who play a pioneering role in making green parks and care for green parks. The green park that has been formed has become a small step towards achieving zero waste which is the NTB Gemilang program. Keywords : garbage; plastic; green garden.
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Pertiwi, Andarani, S. M. Puspandiyah Kiky, Budiawan Wiwik, Purwaningsib Ratna, P. Samadikun Budi, and Rezagama Arya. "Preliminary Study on Plastic Waste Handling in Semarang City - Indonesia: Estimated Generation and Existing Management." E3S Web of Conferences 73 (2018): 07008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20187307008.
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An environmentally sound management of plastic waste in Semarang City is necessary due to increasing plastic waste generation; limited capacity of Jatibarang Final Disposal; dangers of open burning of plastic waste; pollution of water resources both surface water and sea water; and limited amount of raw materials for the manufacture of plastic resin. This study aims to present the assessment of plastic waste management from collection to final disposal as well as its estimated generation. A field study was conducted to identify the material flow of plastic waste, particularly PET bottles. To estimate the potential generation of plastic waste, a top-down approach was used. The volume of plastic waste in Semarang reached 16.28% of the total municipal waste, in which the highest part of inorganic waste. The total estimated plastic waste generation in Semarang City, particularly from households, was 1012.486 m3/day. There is an urgent need for improving the plastic management in Semarang due to existing low recycling rate.
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Milios, Leonidas, Aida Esmailzadeh Davani, and Yi Yu. "Sustainability Impact Assessment of Increased Plastic Recycling and Future Pathways of Plastic Waste Management in Sweden." Recycling 3, no. 3 (July 22, 2018): 33. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/recycling3030033.
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Plastic is a versatile material that has contributed to numerous product innovations and convenience in everyday life. However, plastic production is growing at an alarming rate, and so has the generation of plastic waste. Unsound waste management results in plastic leakage to the environment with multiple adverse effects to ecosystems. Incineration of plastic waste produces excessive greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, while plastic as a material is consumed and cannot be used again as a resource within a circular economy framework. For this reason, the European Union (EU) takes measures to increase plastic recycling, introducing higher targets for recycling in its revised waste legislation. Sweden follows suit, prioritising actions for improving the management of plastic waste. In this contribution, three scenarios of future plastic waste management are analysed for their sustainability impacts by 2030. The analysis is enabled by a plastic waste management flow model that calculates environmental, economic, and social impacts. The indicators used in the model to describe the impacts in each axis of sustainability are (1) GHG emissions, (2) monetary costs and benefits, and (3) number of jobs created. The results indicate several trade-offs between the different scenarios and between the different sustainability aspects of future plastic waste management, with their strengths and weaknesses duly discussed. Concluding, the most promising and sustainable future scenario for plastic waste management in Sweden includes high targets for recycling—in line with EU targets—and a gradual phase-out of plastic incineration as a waste management option.
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Samadikun, Budi Prasetyo, Arya Rezagama, Bimastyaji Surya Ramadan, Pertiwi Andarani, and Erina Dwi Rumanti. "Understanding Informal Actors Of Plastic Waste Recycling In Semarang City." Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan 18, no. 1 (April 29, 2020): 162–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jil.18.1.162-170.
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ABSTRAKKegiatan daur ulang sampah di Kota Semarang dapat dilakukan dengan cukup baik berkat campur tangan dari sektor informal. Sayangnya, kegiatan pengelolaan sampah formal tidak mempertimbangkan nilai pemulihan sampah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi aliran sampah plastik di sektor informal di Kota Semarang. Peneliti menggunakan wawancara mendalam untuk mengumpulkan data. Ada 46 agen daur ulang, termasuk lima (5) pemulung, 17 pengepul 20 perusahaan skala kecil, tiga (3) perusahaan skala besar, dan 1 perantara (pabrik penggilingan plastik) yang telah diwawancarai. Data dari Badan Lingkungan Hidup Kota Semarang digunakan sebagai data sekunder. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa jumlah sampah plastik yang dihasilkan oleh masing-masing agen daur ulang diperkirakan 23,98 kg/ hari di tingkat pemulung, 54,74 kg/ hari di tingkat pengepul, 347,48 kg / hari di tingkat perusahaan skala kecil, 1.735,3 kg / hari di tingkat perusahaan skala besar, dan 2.160 kg / hari di tingkat perantara. Produsen bijih plastik daur ulang berlokasi di luar Kota Semarang, sedangkan bank sampah berbasis masyarakat adalah bagian dari pengelolaan sampah berbasis masyarakat yang tidak mencari keuntungan. Oleh karena itu, tidak dibahas secara mendalam di penelitian ini.Kata kunci: sampah plastik, aliran sampah, agen daur ulangABSTRACTWaste recycling activities in Semarang City can be conducted quite well due to the interference of the informal sector. Unfortunately, the formal waste management activities do not consider the utilization of waste recovery value. This study aims to identify the flow of plastic waste in the informal sector in Semarang City. We used in-depth interviews to collect data. There are 46 recycling agents, including five (5) scavengers, 17 scrap dealers, 20 small scale enterprises, three (3) large scale enterprises, and 1 intermediate (plastic grinding mill) that has been interviewed. Data from The Environment Agency of Semarang City obtained as secondary data. The results showed that the amount of plastic waste generated by each recycling agent was estimated at 23.98 kg/day at the scavenger level, 54.74 kg/day at the scrap dealer level, 347.48 kg/day at the small scale enterprise level, 1,735.3 kg / day days at large scale enterprise level, and 2,160 kg/day at the level of plastic waste intermediates. Recycled plastic ore producers are located outside Semarang City, whereas the community-based waste bank is part of community based solid waste management that is not looking for profit. Hence, it is not discussed in depth in this study.Keywords: plastic waste, waste flow, recycling agent
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Srivastava, Surabhi. "Plastic Waste Management by Substituting Natural Fibres." Journal of Surface Engineered Materials and Advanced Technology 02, no. 04 (2012): 292–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/jsemat.2012.24044.
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Rigamonti, L., M. Grosso, J. Møller, V. Martinez Sanchez, S. Magnani, and T. H. Christensen. "Environmental evaluation of plastic waste management scenarios." Resources, Conservation and Recycling 85 (April 2014): 42–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2013.12.012.
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Thi, Gam Pham, Thang Nguyen Trung, Sunil Herat, and Tung Nguyen Thanh. "Management of Marine Plastic Waste Generated from Land-based Sources in Viet Nam: Problems, Constraints, and Solutions." International Journal of Environmental Science & Sustainable Development 6, no. 1 (June 30, 2021): 63. http://dx.doi.org/10.21625/essd.v6i1.792.
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Viet Nam is ranked No 5 in global plastic waste contribution to marine environment. The long coastline in Viet Nam provides a livelihood for millions of households as well as the food security for the whole country. The use of plastics per capita increased nearly eleven fold, from 3.8 kg/person in 1990 to 41 kg/person in 2015. The two highy populated cities (Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City) alone generate 80 tonnes of plastic waste every day. Landfilling is the primary treatment method of solid waste while recycling is still limited. Tax for plastic bags exists, but implementation is not efficient. Application of Extended Producer Responsibility still faces many constraints. Regular monitoring and data collection related to the status of marine plastic waste pollution are inadequate. Moving forward Viet Nam needs to focus on a number of issues including strengthning the legislation, raising awareness, promoting research on innovative recycling technologies, and promoting international cooperation. This paper investigates current issues, challenges, and constraints in managing plastic waste in Viet Nam and makes recommendations for improvement. The paper utilises an unsystematic narrative overview as the research method.
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Potapova, Elena. "The Issue of Plastic Waste Utilization." Известия Байкальского государственного университета 28, no. 4 (December 27, 2018): 535–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.17150/2500-2759.2018.28(4).535-544.
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Waste or garbage is a mix of substances, objects and their parts that have lost their customer properties due to being used and so they are refused. The paper is aimed at characterizing main topical concepts of the problem of plastic waste spread and its utilization and suggesting its future solutions. In Russia the amount of solid municipal waste reaches 63 mln tons per year (i. e. about 450 kg per person), up to 25 % of it being plastics. Plastics are organic materials made of synthesized or natural polymers consisting of monomer units that are joined together to form long macromolecules. The most widespread types of plastic are polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene terephthalate, polypropylene, polycarbonate, polystyrene, low and high density polyethylene (LDPE and HDPE), etc. A system of identification codes and labeling was developed to facilitate utilization of disposable items. The majority of types of plastic can be easily reprocessed and recycled. In European countries, up to 50 % of waste is recycled while in Russia this number does not exceed 4 %. The life cycle of plastic is much longer than its useful life. One way or another, all plastic items get into landfills where plastic goes on affecting the environment and moves along the food chains up to humans. Up to 10 % of plastic waste ends up in the World Ocean. This durable and often toxic material results in diseases and death of many terrestrial and aquatic animals. The classic waste management hierarchy is limited to three major directions: disposal (including energy recovery), recycling and reuse, all of which being not optimal particularly in respect of the environment. It should be recognized that, among other issues, plastic life cycle assessment and raising public awareness of a need to minimize use of plastic are relevant ways out.
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Andrawina, Kevin Eric, Ahmad Zulfikri, Tio Roberth Ryan Maranatha, and Widhi Handayani. "Women and wastes: Study on participation of housewives on plastic waste management in Kecandran, Salatiga, Indonesia." Sustinere: Journal of Environment and Sustainability 3, no. 3 (December 31, 2019): 199–212. http://dx.doi.org/10.22515/sustinere.jes.v3i3.90.
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Plastic waste becomes a global environmental problem that is still difficult to overcome by countries over the world, including Indonesia. In fact, Indonesia is the second largest contributor of plastic waste in the world. This problem is even not only encountered by the countries, but also faced by a small town such as Salatiga, Central Java. To overcome the problem, the society should actively be the pioneer since they are the main producer of plastic waste. However, our previous research showed that the households performed limited efforts to manage the waste, and unexpectedly, any activity of waste collection was preferably motivated by financial reasons. Therefore, this study sheds light on the housewives’ perception on plastic and their awareness in managing waste, especially plastic waste. The data of this quantitative study were gathered by means of interview, survey, observation, and documentation from 96 housewives in 6 RW in Kecandran, Sidomukti Sub-District, Salatiga as the participants. The results showed that approximately 60% of the housewives in Kecandran village, Sidomukti sub-district were able to differentiate which waste belonged to non-biodegradable and biodegradable as well as to understand the negative impact of plastic waste toward the environment. They also participated in managing the plastic waste by sorting them (64.58%), participating in waste banks or Bank Sampah (53.13%), and reducing the plastic waste (64.58%). In addition, 85.42% of them were willing to support the government policy in reducing the use of plastic, and 40% of them participated in the payable plastic policy. The role of Bank Sampah is really important to equip the housewives with environmental knowledge. In terms of the payable plastic policy, however, their understanding is not necessarily followed by the willingness to act, which might be related to different orientations and motives.