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Journal articles on the topic 'Plasticity Index; Bulk Density and Specific Density'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 3 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Alphonso Nwabueze Nwachukwu. "Assessing changes in selected Geotechinical properties of clay soil contaminated with diesel oil." World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews 23, no. 3 (2024): 161–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/wjarr.2024.23.3.2609.

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This research work studied the impact of diesel oil contamination on the geotechnical properties of clay soil, which is crucial for understanding how such contamination can affect soil behavior in construction and environmental contexts. A series of tests were conducted to analyze key properties, including liquid limit (LL), plastic limit (PL), plasticity index (PI), specific gravity, bulk density, maximum dry density (MDD), and optimum moisture content (OMC) across various levels of diesel contamination. The findings reveal significant changes in the soil’s characteristics due to diesel conta

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Alphonso, Nwabueze Nwachukwu. "Assessing changes in selected Geotechinical properties of clay soil contaminated with diesel oil." World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews 23, no. 3 (2024): 161–66. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14909215.

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This research work studied the impact of diesel oil contamination on the geotechnical properties of clay soil, which is crucial for understanding how such contamination can affect soil behavior in construction and environmental contexts. A series of tests were conducted to analyze key properties, including liquid limit (LL), plastic limit (PL), plasticity index (PI), specific gravity, bulk density, maximum dry density (MDD), and optimum moisture content (OMC) across various levels of diesel contamination. The findings reveal significant changes in the soil’s characteristics due to diesel

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3

Stephen, J. Mallo, and A.Umbugadu Alu. "GEOTECHNICAL STUDY OF THE PROPERTIES OF SOILS: A CASE STUDY OF NASSARAWA – EGGON TOWN AND ENVIRONS, NORTHERN NIGERIA." Continental J. Earth Sciences 7, no. 1 (2012): 40–47. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.833425.

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The principal objective in geotechnical testing is to know the properties and behavior of soil as an engineering material. The performance of soil in engineering practice is greatly influenced by the natural environmental conditions and conditions imposed by construction of structures. The aim of soil testing is to obtain reasonably representative values of the soil properties that are reliable and have direct and significant bearing upon the solution of the practical problems involved especially in various aspects of civil engineering. This important more so that Nasarawa State is relatively

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O., Nweke Mathias, Ezeh Hilary N., Obasi Philip N., and Obasi Ikenna A. "Geotechnical Behavior of Clays from Ngbo Area, Eze-Aku Formation, Southeastern Nigeria in Construction." International Journal of Sciences Volume 4, no. 2015-03 (2015): 41–46. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3348869.

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Clays noted to be highly expansive belonging to Ezeaku Formation, southeastern Nigeria were characterized using the following geotechnical properties which included Grain size distribution, Atterberg limits, free swell, bulk density, specific gravity, cation exchange capacity (CEC), chemical composition. The chemical composition of the clays indicates low percentages of Na2O with fairly higher percentages of CaO and K2O. The clays are plastic with liquid limit (LL) of 58.8 to 72.8, plastic limit (PL) of 24.6 to 30.1 and plasticity index (PI) of 35.5 to 45.8. They classify as inorganic clays of

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Nagaraja, A., Dilmohan, Mohan Mohind, and Bhaskaran Bhavin. "Study on Compressed Stabilised Earth Blocks Using ALGIPLAST Admixtures." International Journal of Applied Engineering and Management Letters (IJAEML) 2, no. 2 (2018): 1–7. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1312209.

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One of the governing factors on which safety of civil engineering structure depends on is material used in construction. Materials used for the construction of walls are normally required to possess adequate strength and erosion resistance. The study investigates the suitability of stabilized laterite soils for the production of compressed earth blocks for low-cost housing construction. The materials which are used in this experiment is red soil and some chemicals. The results of the study revealed that the specific gravity, bulk density, moisture content, and plasticity index of the sample sh

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Bateman, J. C., and D. S. Chanasyk. "Effects of deep ripping and organic matter amendments on Ap horizons of soil reconstructed after coal strip-mining." Canadian Journal of Soil Science 81, no. 1 (2001): 113–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/s00-105.

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Deep ripping is a common management technique used to shatter dense subsurface soil horizons that limit percolation of water and penetration of roots. Most studies have concentrated on the effects of deep ripping on subsoils, with few examining the effects on surface soil horizons. A study was conducted on reclaimed fields (undisturbed soil Albic Luvisol) at the Highvale coal mine approximately 80 km west of Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, with objectives to evaluate the effect of deep ripping, with and without the use of organic matter amendments, on the physical and chemical properties of Ap hori

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Herdiman Herdiman, Heru, and Dedi Budiman. "Stabilisasi Tanah Ekspansif Dengan Campuran Zeolite." JITSi : Jurnal Ilmiah Teknik Sipil 3, no. 1 (2022): 54–60. https://doi.org/10.36423/jitsi.v3i1.1075.

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Abstract— Expansive soil is a term used for soils that have a high potential for expansion or shrinkage due to changes in water content. The soil in Cilopang Village, Banjarwaringin Village, Salopa District, Tasikmalaya Regency is suspected of having expansive properties, judging by the visual nature and the facts on the road field which is located at every change of the rainy season the soil will expand and cause flooding and road collapses, whereas during the dry season the soil will shrinks and causes the ground to crack dry. This study aims to analyze the physical and mechanical properties

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Saputra, Deni Dwi, Dora Melati Nurita Sandi, and Zulis Erwanto. "Identifikasi Karakteristik Tanah Untuk Perencanaan Subgrade Pada Kecamatan Siliragung." Jurnal Rekayasa Sipil dan Lingkungan 5, no. 1 (2022): 81. http://dx.doi.org/10.19184/jrsl.v5i1.13711.

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The subgrade is an important part of highway construction. The strength and durability of pavement construction depend on the nature and bearing capacity of the soil. The soil tested was the most dominant soil in the Siliragung sub-district, namely reddish-brown latosol soil and lithosol and gray grumusol soil. Soil characteristic tests were carried out by sieve analysis, Atterberg limit, specific gravity, bulk density, sand cone, standard proctor, and laboratory CBR without soaking. The values obtained from the results of testing the characteristics of the soil at the location of the Silira

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Ahmed, Ahmed, Yvan Gariepy, and Vijaya Raghavan. "Influence of wood-derived biochar on the compactibility and strength of silt loam soil." International Agrophysics 31, no. 2 (2017): 149–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/intag-2016-0044.

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Abstract Biochar is proven to enhance soil fertility and increase crop productivity. Given that the influence of biochar on soil compaction remains unclear, selected physico-mechanical properties of soil amended with wood-derived biochar were assessed. For unamended silt loam, the bulk density, maximum bulk density, optimum moisture content, plastic limit, liquid limit, and plasticity index were 1.05 Mg m-3, 1.69 Mg m-3, 16.55, 17.1, 29.3, and 12.2%, respectively. The penetration resistance and shear strength of the unamended silt loam compacted in the standard compaction Proctor mold and at i

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Ayodele, Victor Alfred, Muyideen Alade Saliu, and Bidem Ogunyemi Olaoluwa. "Ceramic properties of clay deposits from Anambra Basin, South Eastern Nigeria." Mining of Mineral Deposits 16, no. 1 (2022): 19–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.33271/mining16.01.019.

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Purpose. To determine and evaluate some ceramic properties (plasticity index, linear shrinkage, porosity, and bulk density) of clay deposits from Anambra Basin of South Eastern Nigeria. Methods. Fifteen clay samples were collected by trenching methods. Samples were tested for plasticity index, linear shrinkage, loss on ignition, porosity, and bulk density using test standards developed by the American Society of Test and Materials. Result data were evaluated using tabulation and statistical graphs. Findings. Mean plasticity index of the samples range from 14.3 to 21.3. Mean linear shrinkage is

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Zheng, Kan, Jian Cheng, Junfang Xia, Guoyang Liu, and Lei Xu. "Effects of Soil Bulk Density and Moisture Content on the Physico-Mechanical Properties of Paddy Soil in Plough Layer." Water 13, no. 16 (2021): 2290. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w13162290.

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For paddy-upland rotation areas in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, the paddy soil has undesired physico-mechanical properties of tillage during the dry season. The purpose of this study is to determine the effects of soil bulk density and moisture content on the physico-mechanical properties of paddy soil in the plough layer. The bulk density and moisture content were selected as experimental factors, and the cohesion, tangential adhesion, plasticity index, and soil swelling rate were chosen as experimental indices from physico-mechanical properties of paddy soil in the plou

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Alkhateb, B. A. A. H., M. S. Abd Al-Jabbar, and M. S. J. Al-Raw. "Effect of Clay Content, Salinity of Irrigation Water and Rotation Irrigation on Some Soil Physical Characters." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1449, no. 1 (2025): 012178. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1449/1/012178.

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Abstract The experiment was conducted out at Ramadi city / Anbar governorate to investigate the effect of clay content, salinity of irrigation water and Rotation irrigation on some physical properties of soil. Physical properties were measured, such as bulk density; porosity; aggregates stability; shrinkage; swelling and soil consistency limits. Bulk density values decreased and the total porosity increased with an increase in the soil clay content, reaching 1.29 μg.m-3 and 50.07% at a clay content of 460.0 g.kg-1, respectively. The increase in salinity of irrigation water led to an increase i

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Lopez-Nino, Carlos, and Danilo Lopez-Hernandez. "Relation of several pedological characteristics to engineering qualities in expansive clays of Northern Venezuela." Canadian Journal of Agriculture and Crops 9, no. 1 (2024): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.55284/cjac.v9i1.1088.

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The Caribbean Coastal Region of Venezuela with a semi-arid climate presents adequate conditions for the development of soils with expansive clays, which are the main pathology registered by the roads and surrounding infrastructures in the region. Correlation studies in temperate soils have shown that there is a close association between Atterberg limits (AL) with the clay content, less information exists in the literature between the association of AL and other soil physical properties of soil (e.g. in situ water-content and soil particle density). The main objectives of this research were to:

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Meenakshi, Chandra, and Shrivastava A.K. "Role of Microwave Remote Sensing Dielectric Behavior of Soil: A Need of an Hour." APPLIED SCIENCE PERIODICAL XXV, no. 4, November 2023 (2023): 31–39. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13951492.

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           <em>An attempt has been made to focus on role of microwave remote sensing dielectric behaviour of soil by the author. Soil has several properties such a textural analysis particle density, dry bulk density, total wet bulk density, specific volume, porosity, soil water volume ratio, degree of saturation, air filled porosity, total porosity, soil structure, soil colour consisting, soil plasticity, soil compaction, soil crusting hydration, swelling, specific surface soil conditions soil water energetics total soil water, potential, gravitational potential,

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Chandrakar, Shubham, Roshan Kumar, Ayush Thakur, and Yukti Deshmukh. "Influence of Micro Silica on Soil Stability and Plasticity: An Experimental Study." INTERANTIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH IN ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT 09, no. 04 (2025): 1–9. https://doi.org/10.55041/ijsrem44245.

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This experimental study investigates the effect of micro silica addition on the engineering properties of soil, focusing on parameters such as specific gravity, plastic limit, liquid limit, plasticity index, maximum dry density (MDD), and optimum moisture content (OMC). The results indicate that micro silica significantly influences soil characteristics, improving its stability while reducing plasticity. As micro silica content increased, the specific gravity initially decreased but later increased, showing a complex interaction between soil and micro silica. The plastic limit consistently dec

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Yang, Yuan, Qun Hu Xue, and Shou De Li. "Study on Preparation of Sintered Thermal Insulation Wall Material by High Addition Fly Ash." Advanced Materials Research 374-377 (October 2011): 1258–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.374-377.1258.

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Production process of sintered thermal insulation wall material with high content fly ash was investigated in this paper. The proper addition amount of fly ash, the types and addition amount of the binders, the demand of molding and the molding process as well as the schedule of sintering was determined. The results show that: When the addition amount of fly ash is 65wt.%, the plasticity index of mixture mad is still more than 8. The compressive strength of the sintered sample can reach 12MPa; the porosity is in the range of 40-50%; Bulk density is 1.45g/cm3. If the macro porosity of the indus

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KISHNÉ, A. SZ, C. L. S. MORGAN, H. C. CHANG, and L. B. KISH. "VIBRATION-INDUCED CONDUCTIVITY FLUCTUATION MEASUREMENT FOR SOIL BULK DENSITY ANALYSIS." Fluctuation and Noise Letters 07, no. 04 (2007): L473—L481. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219477507004112.

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Soil bulk density is a physical property of soils that affects water storage, water and nutrient movement, and plant root activity in the soil profile. The ability to quantify soil bulk density using vibration-induced conductivity fluctuation was investigated with possible field applications in the future. The AC electrical conductance of soil was measured using a pair of blade-like electrodes while exposing to periodic vibration. The blades were positioned longitudinally and transversally to the direction of the induced vibration to enable the calculation of a normalized index. This normalize

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Oliver, U. Ekwueme, N. Obiora Daniel, N. Okeke Francisca, and C. Ibuot johnson. "Environmental assessment of gully erosion in parts of Enugu north, Southeastern Nigeria." Indian Journal of Science and Technology 14, no. 29 (2021): 2400–2409. https://doi.org/10.17485/IJST/v14i29.933.

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Abstract <strong>Objectives:</strong> To assess gully erosion in parts of Enugu north, Southeastern Nigeria using some geotechnical parameters. <strong>Method:</strong> The soil samples were collected from different gully point and some geotechnical parameters was analyzed in Soil Science Department, University of Nigeria in accordance with the specified standard procedures.<strong> Finding:</strong> The assessment of gully erosion inparts of Enugu north, southeastern Nigeria, has been carried out. Soil samples were collected from the four major gully points, at the de

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Dushkova, Mariya, Apostol Simitchiev, Todorka Petrova, Nikolay Menkov, Ivelina Desseva, and Dasha Mihaylova. "Physical and Functional Characteristics of Extrudates Prepared from Quinoa Enriched with Goji Berry." Applied Sciences 13, no. 6 (2023): 3503. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app13063503.

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In this research, the possibilities of applying the extrusion process to produce functional food from quinoa enriched with goji berries were studied. The physical (expansion ratio, bulk density, hardness, and specific mechanical energy) and functional (water solubility index, water absorption index) characteristics were determined and optimized by the response surface methodology. Extrudates were produced using a laboratory single-screw extruder. The full factorial experimental design was used (N = 22) with three complementary center points to show the interactions of the amount of goji berry

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Petrík, Peter, Anja Petek, Alena Konôpková, et al. "Stomatal and Leaf Morphology Response of European Beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) Provenances Transferred to Contrasting Climatic Conditions." Forests 11, no. 12 (2020): 1359. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f11121359.

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Climate change-induced elevated temperatures and drought are considered to be serious threats to forest ecosystems worldwide, negatively affecting tree growth and viability. We studied nine European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) provenances located in two provenance trial plots with contrasting climates in Central Europe. Stomata play a vital role in the water balance of plants by regulating gaseous exchanges between plants and the atmosphere. Therefore, to explain the possible adaptation and acclimation of provenances to climate conditions, stomatal (stomatal density, the length of guard cells,

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Taghvaei, Mohammad Mahdi, Hossein Mostaan, Mahdi Rafiei, Hamid Reza Bakhsheshi-Rad, and Filippo Berto. "Nanoscale Tribological Properties of Nanostructure Fe3Al and (Fe,Ti)3Al Compounds Fabricated by Spark Plasma Sintering Method." Metals 12, no. 7 (2022): 1077. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met12071077.

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Nanostructured powder particles of Fe3Al and (Fe,Ti)3Al phases were produced using mechanical alloying. These intermetallic phases with a nearly complete density were consolidated by spark plasma sintering. The mechanical properties of the bulk samples, i.e., elasticity modulus, hardness, and plasticity index, and also their tribological behavior were investigated using nanoindentation and nano-scratch tests. It was found that both Fe3Al and (Fe,Ti)3Al phases can be synthesized after 30 h of high-energy ball milling. In addition, no phase evolution was observed after spark plasma sintering. An

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Jusoh, Muhammad Noor Hisyam, Deprizon Syamsunur, Norinah Abd Rahman, Emmanuel Olisa, Abdur Rahim, and Nur Izzi Md Yusoff. "Soil Parameters Model Prediction via Resistivity Value Limit to Shallow Subsurface Areas." Shock and Vibration 2022 (December 16, 2022): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/3251250.

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Geotechnical engineering design necessitates a study of soil parameters for calculation purposes. As a complement to the conventional method, a resistivity survey can give preliminary results in a short amount of time. This study uses a statistical analysis program to show a correlation and regression for predicting soil parameters based on the resistivity value. Sixty-six data points for each soil parameter and resistivity were used for statistical analysis from six profiles of the study area as a part of the investigation. The soils are sampled by drilling the borehole up to a depth of 3 met

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Becker, E., J. Jiusti, F. D. Minatto, D. G. G. Delavi, O. R. K. Montedo, and A. de Noni Jr. "Use of mechanically-activated kaolin to replace ball clay in engobe for a ceramic tile." Cerâmica 63, no. 367 (2017): 295–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0366-69132017633672077.

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Abstract Ceramic engobe is an intermediate layer between the substrate and the glaze of a ceramic tile. It is basically composed by plastic material, clays, and non-plastic material, feldspar and frit. Light-colored clays with good plasticity and low-fire temperature are used in ceramic engobe formulations, typically ball clays. However, these clays contain different accessory minerals, which can adversely affect the opacity and the whiteness. The use of washed kaolin, with a lower content of accessory minerals, tends to lead to higher opacity and whiteness. In addition, its mechanical activat

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Mhlongo, Sphiwe Emmanuel, Fulufhelo Lesego Makatu, Nhlanhla Khuzulwandle Malaza, and Azwihangwisi Tendani Ramalata. "Evaluation of copper tailings from the abandoned Messina Mine for possible reuse in recreational projects, South Africa." Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management 9, no. 2 (2022): 3359–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.15243/jdmlm.2022.092.3359.

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Historic mining of copper around Musina Town left behind a sizeable unrehabilitated tailing dump. This article reports on the study conducted to investigate the suitability of using copper tailings as sand replacement in recreational projects. The methodology used involved analyzing the particle size distribution and plasticity index (PI) of the tailings and determining their particle density, bulk density, particle shape, total porosity, and permeability coefficient. The pH of the tailings, major element oxides, and heavy metals composition were all analyzed. The tailings were classified as p

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Nicolaou, Georgios, George Livadiotis, and Robert T. Wicks. "On the Determination of Kappa Distribution Functions from Space Plasma Observations." Entropy 22, no. 2 (2020): 212. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e22020212.

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The velocities of space plasma particles, often follow kappa distribution functions. The kappa index, which labels and governs these distributions, is an important parameter in understanding the plasma dynamics. Space science missions often carry plasma instruments on board which observe the plasma particles and construct their velocity distribution functions. A proper analysis of the velocity distribution functions derives the plasma bulk parameters, such as the plasma density, speed, temperature, and kappa index. Commonly, the plasma bulk density, velocity, and temperature are determined fro

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Kostić, Marko, Miloš Rajković, Nataša Ljubičić, et al. "Georeferenced tractor wheel slip data for prediction of spatial variability in soil physical properties." Precision Agriculture 22, no. 2 (2021): 1659–84. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11119-021-09805-y.

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The upcoming technological breakthrough in the cropping system will offer a more detailed insight into soil-to-plant, man-to-soil, and man-to-plant impacts, thus improving the forecasting and ensuring more efficient in-field management. This study presents various on-the-go sensing procedures which were conducted in order to evaluate the quality of spatial estimations of soil physical properties such as soil compaction, soil moisture content, bulk density and texture. Standard statistical tools showed high positive correlations between soil specific resistance and soil compaction (R2 = .75), s

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Daher, N. E. H., R. Nini, W. Arairo, M. Saba, S. Yotte, and J. Absi. "Analysis of Lebanese clay parameters affecting the durability and sustainability of clay products." E3S Web of Conferences 585 (2024): 07001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202458507001.

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The geotechnical properties of soil vary depending on the rock parent type, mineral constituents, and the area’s climate. Studying soil properties is essential for the stability of civil engineering properties. This study focuses on clay identification in Lebanon based on their physical parameters as per ASTM standards. This clay identification procedure is a predominant step for enhancing the durability of clay products used as sustainable materials. Seven soils were collected and tested to determine the grain size distribution, specific gravity, maximum dry density, plasticity index, swellin

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Suzanna, Brigita, Irwan Lie Keng Wong, and Monika Datu Mirring Palinggi. "Pengaruh Penambahan Abu Arang Tempurung Kelapa Pada Tanah Lempung Terhadap Hasil Uji Kompaksi." Paulus Civil Engineering Journal 3, no. 2 (2021): 276–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.52722/pcej.v3i2.257.

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The purpose of this research is to determine the physical properties of clay soil and to analyze the effect of adding coconut shell charcoal ash to the clay soil. The soil samples used in this study came from Tanralili District, Maros Regency, two sample points were taken and the variations in the levels of addition of coconut shell charcoal ash is 0%, 4%, 6%, 8%, 10%. The test method used refers to ASTM (American Society for Testing Materials). The tests carried out were testing the physical properties of the soil in the form of moisture content, specific gravity, Atterberg boundaries, filter

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Ogochukwu Okeke, Eunice, Okechukwu Pius Aghamelu, Olufemi Victor Omonona, and Chinaza Christine Ozougwu. "Quality Of Construction Materials And Their Effects On The Sustainability Of Highway Pavements In Parts Of Anambra State, Southeastern Nigeria." Global Journal of Geological Sciences 23, no. 1 (2025): 31–48. https://doi.org/10.4314/gjgs.v23i1.3.

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Construction of any sustainable road requires the determination of engineering properties of the materials to be used in the project. In this work, the impact of the construction materials used in some parts on Anambra State (southeastern Nigeria) with significant road pavement failure rate is investigated. Soil and aggregate samples were collected in situ on some failed spots on major roads in the state and were subjected to standard laboratory analyses. The results indicated that the roads were constructed on sandy subgrades with gravel-sized particles that ranged from 0 – 43 %, sand 25 – 77

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Dwivedi, Neeti, and RK Yadav. "Experimental Study on the Influence of Polypropylene Fibres on the Strength and Swelling Behaviour of Lime Stabilized Clayey Soil." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 13, no. 4 (2025): 1913–20. https://doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2025.68629.

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Abstract: Black cotton soil is a prevalent soil type in India, known for its significant swelling and shrinking behavior when exposed to changes in moisture content, making it particularly challenging for engineering purposes. This soil is highly clayey, predominantly composed of the Montmorillonite clay mineral. Given its unstable properties, this soil is not ideal for construction at the site. As a solution, the engineer may consider replacing or stabilizing the soil to ensure the stability and integrity of the structure. Soil stabilization is employed to enhance the geotechnical properties

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Albusoda, Bushra S., Dhurgham A. Al-Hamdani, and Mohammed F. Abbas. "Dry Density Based on Soil Index Properties by Using Expert System." Key Engineering Materials 857 (August 2020): 266–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.857.266.

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Dry density modeling is a valuable issue. Artificial neural networks (ANNs) have been used in many problems in geotechnical engineering and have demonstrated great success. In this paper, the ANN model is proposed to predict the dry density of the soil. The developed model is managed by the Matlab Neural Network Interface (R2016a). To create the ANN model, liquid limit, plastic limit, plasticity index, moisture content, specific gravity, finer accuracy than sieve 200, total suspended solids, organic and SO3 were selected and used as input parameters. There are (9, 6,5 and 3) nodes, (10) nodes

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Moon, Vicki. "Halloysite behaving badly: geomechanics and slope behaviour of halloysite-rich soils." Clay Minerals 51, no. 3 (2016): 517–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/claymin.2016.051.3.09.

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AbstractHalloysite-rich soils derived fromin situweathering of volcanic materials support steep stable slopes, but commonly fail under triggers of earthquakes or rainfall. Resulting landslides are slideflow processes, ranging from small translational slides to larger rotational failures with scarps characteristic of sensitive soils. Remoulding of failed materials results in high-mobility flows with apparent friction angles of 10–16°. The materials characteristically have high peak-friction angles (∼25– 37°), low cohesion (∼12–60 kN m−2) and plasticity ( plasticity index ∼10–48%), and low dry b

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Ige, Joseph A. "Effect of Potassium Hydroxide on Geotechnical Properties of Biomass Fuel Ash Stabilized Lateritic Soil." Advances in Science and Technology 107 (June 28, 2021): 85–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ast.107.85.

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This study assessed the effect of potassium hydroxide on geotechnical properties of Biomass fuel ash stabilized lateritic soil. In-situ tests were conducted on the original soil sample for identification and classification purposes. The soil sample was classified as A-2-6. Thereafter, the soil sample was mixed with both Biomass fuel ash and Potassium hydroxide at percentages of 0, 5, 10, 15 and 0, 3, 6, 9 respectively. These were later subjected to various tests such as natural moisture content, specific gravity, sieve analysis, Atterberg limit and compaction .The result showed that the additi

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Bedetti, Cibele S., Débora B. Aguiar, Maria C. Jannuzzi, Maria Z. D. Moura, and Fernando A. O. Silveira. "Abiotic factors modulate phenotypic plasticity in an apomictic shrub [Miconia albicans (SW.) Triana] along a soil fertility gradient in a Neotropical savanna." Australian Journal of Botany 59, no. 3 (2011): 274. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/bt10275.

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Phenotypic plasticity is an important means by which plants cope with environmental heterogeneity; therefore, understanding variation in plant traits in heterogeneous habitats is important to predict responses to changing environments. In this study, we examined the patterns of intraspecific variation in leaf traits of Miconia albicans (Melastomataceae), a widespread, obligatory apomictic shrub, across a soil fertility gradient in the Cerrado (Brazilian savanna). We predicted high plasticity because selection favours high phenotypic plasticity in asexual populations with low genetic variabilit

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Liu, Honghu, Jing Liu, Xianwei Zhang, and Xinyu Liu. "The Shrink–Swell Process of the Granite Residual Soil with Different Weathering Degree in a Gully System in Southern China." Applied Sciences 12, no. 21 (2022): 11200. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app122111200.

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The soil shrink–swell phenomenon produces crack networks and slope instability. However, few studies have involved the continuous shrink–swell process of granite residual soils. The objective of the study is to explore the shrink–swell process of weathered granite soils and its effects on gully development in southern China. The bulk density, soil water content (SWC), shrink–swell ratio (SSR), clay mineral content, and mechanical composition, etc., of soil samples from five soil layers (at depths of 0.3 m, 3.0 m, 7.0 m, 12.0 m, and 16.0 m) along a profile in Yudu County was analyzed. After qua

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Yanik, G. "Mineralogical, crystallographic and technological characteristics of Yaylayolu kaolin (Kütahya, Turkey)." Clay Minerals 46, no. 3 (2011): 397–410. http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/claymin.2011.046.3.397.

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AbstractThe Yaylayolu kaolin deposit is situated in the vicinity of Tavşanlı, Kütahya, western Turkey. Mineral identification and characterization studies were conducted using powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential thermal analyses (DTA), scanning electron microscopy with an energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer (SEM-EDX), X-ray fluorescence (XRF) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) techniques. The degree of crystallinity, Hinckley's index (HI) and the Stoch index (SI) values were determined for kaolinite from the deposit.Five representative samples from the kaolin deposit

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Chen, Lu Chuan, and Wei Niu. "Study of the Bulk Index Measuring Methods on Foamed Asphalt Cold Recycling Specimens." Applied Mechanics and Materials 584-586 (July 2014): 1939–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.584-586.1939.

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For the foamed asphalt cold recycling mixture,we mould the specimens under two different gradation using Marshall compaction method.Then we measure the bulk specific density using the volumetrical method, the corelock method, the wax-sealing method and the saturated surface dry method, calculate the porosity and compare the results.The conclusion is that the results are almost the same under the corelock method, the wax-sealing method and the saturated surface dry method, we can choose the saturated surface dry method to gain the porosity in practical use.

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Simitchiev, Apostol, Bozidar Bozadzhiev, Lazar Lazarov, Stanko Stankov, Hafize Fidan, and Albena Stoyanova. "Possibilities for obtaining pellets by single-screw extrusion of biomass from black pine (Pinus nigra Arn.)." E3S Web of Conferences 327 (2021): 02010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202132702010.

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The aim of the present study was to investigate the possibilities for obtaining pellets by single-screw extrusion of black pine (Pinus nigra Arn.) biomass. Two fractions of black pine needles – 1) with dp ≥ 500 μm and bulk density ρn = 0.243 g/cm3 and 2) black pine twigs with d ≥ 500 μm and ρn = 0.297 g/cm3, were obtained. Wheat bran with dp ≥ 500 μm and bulk density ρn = 0.258 g/cm3 in a ratio of 1:1 was added to the obtained fractions. The experiments showed that getting pellets by single-screw extrusion of biomass from twigs and needles of black pine was possible when mixing them in a 1:1 r

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Risyahadi, Sazli Tutur, Heri Ahmad Sukria, and Hanifah Afrilia. "Optimization Cassamore (Cassava – Moringa Mix) Extrusion Process as A Feed Substitute for Corn." Jurnal Ilmu Nutrisi dan Teknologi Pakan 22, no. 1 (2024): 34–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.29244/jintp.22.1.34-42.

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As a corn substitute, cassamore (Cassava – Moringa Mix) is an innovative local feed ingredient based on cassava with a mixture of palm kernel meal, cassava leaf flour and moringa extract processed by extrusion that can destroy antinutrients, improve nutrient content and digestibility. This study aimed to optimize the temperature and water content of the hydrothermal extrusion process, as well as to analyze the effect of extrusion on the physical and chemical characteristics of Cassamore as a corn substitution. The method used is response surface methodology in the statistical application of de

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Marschalko, Marian, Işık Yilmaz, Lucie Fojtova, David Lamich, and Martin Bednarik. "Properties of the Loess Sediments in Ostrava Region (Czech Republic) and Comparison with Some Other Loess Sediments." Scientific World Journal 2013 (2013): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/529431.

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This study deals with a methodical identification and evaluation of physical-mechanical properties of one genetic type of geological structure. This is represented by an engineering-geological zone of eolian sediments, which is regionally rather abundant. The paper contributes to a need to identify typical soil properties for widespread geological environments in a particular region and thus add to good engineering geologists and geotechnical engineers’ awareness in the region. Such information is much required as it permits comparing results of newly conducted engineering-geological investiga

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Abdur, Razzak Zubaer, Rahman Habibur, Bhuiyan Shovro, Tauhidur Rahman Akhond MD., and Islam Shafiqul. "Performance Analysis of Soft Clay with Rice Husk Ash & Polypropylene Fibered." Journal of Earthquake Science and Soil Dynamics Engineering 7, no. 3 (2024): 23–31. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13883638.

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<em>The stabilization of soil entails the alteration of specific soil properties through the application of chemical, physical, or mechanical techniques, to enhance the engineering properties of the soil specimen. This study involved the utilization of polypropylene fiber and rice husk ash wastes to stabilize the soil samples, hence addressing the pressing concerns associated with waste management. In the current investigation, the incorporation of rice husk ash at different proportions, specifically 5% and 10%, along with the addition of 1% polypropylene fiber, was undertaken to enhance soil

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Karimi, Narges, Mahnaz Bayat, Masoud Haghani, Hamed Fahandezh Saadi, and Gholam Reza Ghazipour. "2.45 GHz microwave radiation impairs learning, memory, and hippocampal synaptic plasticity in the rat." Toxicology and Industrial Health 34, no. 12 (2018): 873–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0748233718798976.

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Microwave (MW) radiation has a close relationship with neurobehavioral disorders. Due to the widespread usage of MW radiation, especially in our homes, it is essential to investigate the direct effect of MW radiation on the central nervous system. Therefore, this study was carried out to determine the effect of MW radiation on memory and hippocampal synaptic plasticity. The rats were exposed to 2.45 GHz MW radiation (continuous wave with overall average power density of 0.016 mW/cm2 and overall average whole-body specific absorption rate value of 0.017 W/kg) for 2 h/day over a period of 40 day

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Salazar, Pedro Antonio, Carlos Leiva Fernández, Yolanda Luna-Galiano, Rosario Villegas Sánchez, and Constantino Fernández-Pereira. "Physical, Mechanical and Radiological Characteristics of a Fly Ash Geopolymer Incorporating Titanium Dioxide Waste as Passive Fire Insulating Material in Steel Structures." Materials 15, no. 23 (2022): 8493. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15238493.

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This research analyzes whether a titanium dioxide waste (TiO2 waste) can be used as a source material for geopolymers with good fire resistance properties. Samples with different proportions were prepared, replacing fly ashes with titanium dioxide waste on geopolymers (0, 20, 30, 40 and 100% w/w). The activating solution has a Na2O/SiO2 molar ratio of 0.98. Physical (bulk density, moisture content and water absorption) and mechanical (superficial hardness and compressive strength) characteristics have been evaluated. In addition, their thermal behavior at high temperatures (fire resistance, co

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Chipangura, Wilfred, Brian Masauli, Chakanaka Pardon Mungwari, et al. "Fabrication of briquettes from charcoal fines using tannin formaldehyde resin as a binder." European Journal of Sustainable Development Research 8, no. 1 (2024): em0249. http://dx.doi.org/10.29333/ejosdr/14125.

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Charcoal fines, a waste emanating from charcoal transportation and handling, were utilized in the fabrication of briquettes using tannin-formaldehyde resin as a binder to meet ever expanding energy demand. A collection of four briquette samples were fabricated with binder proportions of 25%, 30%, 35%, and 40%. These briquettes were characterized using Fourier transform infra-red and thermogravimetric analyses techniques. Furthermore, the briquettes were subjected to physical parameters namely bulk density, impact resistance index (IRI), water resistance index (WRI), and water boiling test. The

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Minweyelet, M., W. K. Solomon, and G. Bultosa. "Effects of extrusion operating conditions and blend proportion on the physicochemical and sensory properties of teff-rice blend extruded products." Food Research 5, no. 2 (2021): 173–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.26656/fr.2017.5(2).467.

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The effects of extrusion conditions, teff-to-rice blend ratio (25-100%), feed moisture content (21-25%) and barrel temperature (130- 150°C) on the physico-chemical properties and the sensory attributes of extruded product from teff-rice blend was investigated. The physico-chemical properties (specific length, bulk density, expansion, water absorption index (WAI), water solubility index (WSI) and hardness), and sensory acceptability (flavor, color, texture and overall acceptability) were significantly (p<0.05) influenced by the extrusion conditions. Increasing barrel temperature resulted in

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Larring, Yngve, Mehdi Pishahang, Julian Tolchard, et al. "Fabrication process parameters significantly affect the perovskite oxygen carriers materials (OCM) performance in chemical looping with oxygen uncoupling (CLOU)." Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry 140, no. 2 (2019): 577–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10973-019-08860-y.

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Abstract The CLOU performance of the CaTixMn0.9−xMg0.1O3 (CMTM) perovskite-type system was investigated, comparing materials produced at laboratory scale with those made at industrial ton scale. The CLOU and conversion performances were studied by a micropacked bed reactor, and crystalline phase structure and homogeneity and bulk density identified as the most important parameters affecting the performance of the OCM. Bulk density is correlated with the sintering temperature, atmosphere and time at sintering temperature, while phase homogeneity is a function of the raw materials chosen, agglom

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Harry Luciano, Aldi, Ellida Novita Lydia, and Firda Sari. "ANALISA STABILISASI FISIK TANAH PADA PEKERJAAN JALAN GAMPONG ALUE DUA KOTA LANGSA." Bearing : Jurnal Penelitian dan Kajian Teknik Sipil 9, no. 1 (2024): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.32502/jbearing.v9i1.7955.

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Soil characteristics depend on soil texture, density, environmental conditions and other factors. The use of selected embankment materials aims to increase the stability of the subgrade in the supporting layer (Capping Layer). The aim of this research is to determine the physical characteristics of the selected embankment soil, determine the soil density value in the laboratory and determine the soil density value in the field. The methods used to determine the physical properties of soil are water content testing, specific weight testing, Atterberg limit testing, sieve analysis testing, soil

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Dahal, Bhim Kumar, and Jun Jie Zheng. "Comprehensive analysis of cement-stabilised dredged marine soil: Evaluating physical, microstructural, and mechanical characteristics." Ministry of Science and Technology, Vietnam 66, no. 2 (2024): 52–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.31276/vjste.66(2).52-60.

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This study evaluates the index, microstructural, and mechanical behaviour of cement-stabilised soft soil. The marine soil dredged from Hangzhou is taken for the study. Different percentages of ordinary Portland cement (OPC)by dry mass were added to the soils during reconstitution, i.e., 5, 10, 15, and 20%. The reconstituted samples were analysed in the laboratory to determine basic properties such as moisture content, void ratio, density, specific gravity, consistency limits, and particle size distribution. The microstructures of the reconstituted samples were also evaluated through scanning e

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Ferdian, Ferdi, Muhammad Jafri, and Iswan Iswan. "Pengaruh Penambahan Pasir Terhadap Tingkat Kepadatan dan Daya Dukung Tanah Lempung Organik." Jurnal Rekayasa Sipil dan Desain 3, no. 1 (2015): 145–56. https://doi.org/10.23960/jrsdd.v3i1.433.

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The problem of density level and bearing capacity of soil is one of things that really need toconsidered in the planning and construction work of a civilian building . This is because the landin question serves as a medium that holds the load or the action of a construction that is built on it. Stabilization using sand material is one way to meet the needs of the required strength . Changesin weather and temperature in the field are factors that makes the soil unstable .The type of soil is organic clay stabilized from the Gedong Pasir village, Jabung District, EastLampung District. This resear

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Nociti, Denyse Meirelles, Elson de Campos, Marcelo Pereira Santos, Rosa Maria Bittencourt, and Francisco Cristóvão Lourenço de Melo. "Study of Ceramic Block Manufacture with the Addition of Waste from Iron Ore Extraction." Materials Science Forum 798-799 (June 2014): 275–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.798-799.275.

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This work is intended to study the possibility of adding an amount of waste from iron mining in the ceramic mass. Clay and coal, from Vale do Paraiba, Sao Paulo, Brazil, were used in this research. These raw materials are used in the ceramic block manufacture. Clay and waste were analyzed by X-ray fluorescence and X-ray diffraction, particle size, differential thermal and thermogravimetric analysis. Liquid limit and plasticity index tests were performed in order to determine the amount of waste that which should be used in the ceramic mass. After determining the amount of waste, all samples we

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