Academic literature on the topic 'Plastics Technology'

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Journal articles on the topic "Plastics Technology"

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Dayrit, Fabian. "Circular Plastics Economy: Redesigning Technology and Reimagining Society." Transactions of the National Academy of Science and Technology 44, no. 2022 (January 2023): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.57043/transnastphl.2022.2570.

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The UN Environment Programme has identified plastic waste as one of the urgent challenges of the 21st century and has set 2024 as the target date for the drafting of an international legally binding agreement on plastic pollution. While the concern for plastic pollution is justified, a workable solution that considers both the role that plastics play in society and the economy, and the scientific and technological challenges involved, will take a major global effort. The six thermoplastics that are most widely used today were not designed to be recycled. Likewise, over 10,000 chemical additives in plastics were not tested for their health and environmental safety. The complexity of plastic waste makes their effective management very difficult and uneconomic. A new system with two types of plastics is proposed: circular plastics that can be chemically reprocessed, and bio-based plastics that are designed for single-use and are biodegradable. This will require R&D into new plastics, as well as new standards and regulations. At the same time, R&D into the conversion of our current plastic waste into environmentally safe products must be undertaken. These will require a multi-sectoral approach which assigns responsibility to all sectors. Industry should institute extended producer responsibility and develop circular plastics. Society should adopt extended consumer responsibility. Government should replace its single-minded focus on GDP as the sole measure of development with the more holistic UN Sustainable Development Goals. This transition will not happen if it is seen only as a technological challenge. This transition will require a multi-sectoral approach which assigns responsibility to all sectors of society. We will not be able to reimagine plastics if we do not reimagine society.
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Zhang, Zhi Guo, Chen Lin, Da Kui Feng, and Ray Still. "Improving Plastic Thermoform Quality with Uniform Heating Technology." Advanced Materials Research 97-101 (March 2010): 204–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.97-101.204.

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The experimental studies were conducted to study the plastic thermoforming heating process. The heaters performance has been evaluated from two different ways: heating water calorimeter for heating efficiency and heating plastics for thermoform processes. The studies of the heaters include gas-fired heater and electric heater. Transient heating processes of plastics were also studied to investigate the heater’s performance on plastics. The surface temperature of plastic at the end of heating process was measured by IR camera. The heating cycle time, surface temperature uniformity of plastic and energy consumed for the heating cycle by different heaters were discussed. The pros and cons of different heaters for plastic heating process were also discussed in this paper.
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Eze, Wilson Uzochukwu, Reginald Umunakwe, Henry Chinedu Obasi, Michael Ifeanyichukwu Ugbaja, Cosmas Chinedu Uche, and Innocent Chimezie Madufor. "Plastics waste management: A review of pyrolysis technology." Clean Technologies and Recycling 1, no. 1 (2021): 50–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.3934/ctr.2021003.

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<abstract> <p>The world is today faced with the problem of plastic waste pollution more than ever before. Global plastic production continues to accelerate, despite the fact that recycling rates are comparatively low, with only about 15% of the 400 million tonnes of plastic currently produced annually being recycled. Although recycling rates have been steadily growing over the last 30 years, the rate of global plastic production far outweighs this, meaning that more and more plastic is ending up in dump sites, landfills and finally into the environment, where it damages the ecosystem. Better end-of-life options for plastic waste are needed to help support current recycling efforts and turn the tide on plastic waste. A promising emerging technology is plastic pyrolysis; a chemical process that breaks plastics down into their raw materials. Key products are liquid resembling crude oil, which can be burned as fuel and other feedstock which can be used for so many new chemical processes, enabling a closed-loop process. The experimental results on the pyrolysis of thermoplastic polymers are discussed in this review with emphasis on single and mixed waste plastics pyrolysis liquid fuel.</p> </abstract>
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Folkes, M. J. "Plastics technology handbook." Materials & Design 8, no. 6 (November 1987): 361. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0261-3069(87)90104-x.

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Zhang, Hua Yong, Xiao Jian Liu, and Hai Yan Sun. "Research on Technology of Wood-Plastic Composites." Advanced Materials Research 630 (December 2012): 75–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.630.75.

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Wood-plastic composites were produced by heating, blending and extruding with recycled plastics and wood fiber as chief raw materials and some thermoplastic resin as the additive. The compounding formula and producing craft were researched and optimized. The influence of the ratio of wood fiber and additives was examined. Wood-plastics composites with excellent performance were produced.
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HORIUCHI, Akiyo, Minoru MAKI, Ichiro KOBAYASHI, and Zihe LU. "PG-04 A Study on Hourglass Worm Gear of Plastics Involutes Helical gear Wheel Teeth(PLASTIC GEAR TECHNOLOGY)." Proceedings of the JSME international conference on motion and power transmissions 2009 (2009): 444–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmeimpt.2009.444.

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Watanabe, Mitsuhiro, Kunihito Baba, Yuichi Saito, and Masaharu Sugimoto. "Plating Technology on Plastics." Seikei-Kakou 23, no. 11 (October 20, 2011): 645–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4325/seikeikakou.23.645.

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Masui, Shohei. "Plastics Surface Decoration Technology." Seikei-Kakou 31, no. 1 (December 20, 2018): 6–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4325/seikeikakou.31.6.

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Blyler, Lee L. "Plastics in lightwave technology." Polymer Engineering and Science 29, no. 17 (September 1989): 1157–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760291702.

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Trofimov, Yu V. "On application of heat-conductive plastics in LED technology." Semiconductor Physics Quantum Electronics and Optoelectronics 16, no. 2 (June 25, 2013): 198–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/spqeo16.02.198.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Plastics Technology"

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LINDSTRAND, NILS, and KARL THUNELL. "From Plastic to Paper Mapping the real cost of plastics." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för industriell teknik och management (ITM), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-224931.

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Owsiany, Dana Lynn 1969. "Sand stabilization using waste plastics." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/291370.

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A study on the possible use of melted waste thermoplastics to stabilize soils, and produce plastic-soil structural composites is presented. Specifically, the effects of melted thermoplastics on the shear strength, and creep characteristics of sands are examined. An extensive experimental program was conducted to examine the strength and creep characteristics of different plastic-sand compositions. It was found that increasing plastic content in the sand results in stronger, and stiffer soils with negligible creep deformations for loads which are at least 50% of the strength of the composite. It is expected that injection of melted waste thermoplastics in sands can improve significantly the engineering characteristics of foundation, and slope stability of sands. Other potential applications include construction of structural elements, bricks, etc.
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Rodriguez, Veloz Oscar Alberto. "The development of laminar morphology in a co-rotating twin screw extruder." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape11/PQDD_0026/MQ50656.pdf.

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Ramírez, Domínguez Edgar C. "Optical sensing of thermoplastics solidification in an injection moulding machine." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape11/PQDD_0024/MQ50654.pdf.

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Hernández, Aguilar José Ramón. "Computational and experimental evaluation of two models for the simulation of thermoplastics injection molding." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/MQ64224.pdf.

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Manero, Federico. "Cavity temperature measurement and control in thermoplastics injection moulding." Thesis, McGill University, 1996. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=27241.

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Injection moulding is one of the most important manufacturing processes in the plastic industry. The temperature distribution of the polymer, while it is inside the mould cavity, influences the properties of the product. The measurement and control of these temperature profiles can enhance the economy of the process and the part quality.
A method to measure melt temperature inside the mould cavity was developed. It consists of an insert, located in the movable plate, that can place thermocouples at different positions. The depth of the thermocouple tip is adjusted manually. These sensors offer an attractive way to perform the measurements because of their easy calibration procedure. The temperature measurements were influenced by the thermocouple tip geometry.
Data were collected at different locations and depths of the mould cavity and the temperature profiles were analyzed. The temperature distribution depended on the wall temperature and the temperature of the polymer as it enters the cavity. The effect of different flow rates was also studied and it demonstrated to affect the temperature profiles.
A control algorithm was developed to control the average of the peak temperatures at three locations in the cavity. The manipulated variable was the coolant temperature and the process disturbance was the front barrel temperature. The transfer functions of the controlled variable with respect to the manipulated and disturbance variables were identified and modeled.
Finally two controllers were designed, tuned, simulated and implemented on the machine. The first is a static feedforward - feedback controller, and the second is a dynamic feedforward - feedback controller. The feedback loop was designed using an internal model control (IMC) algorithm. The static feedforward - feedback controller was found to have a better performance.
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Capt, Ludovic. "Simultaneous biaxial stretching of isotactic polypropylene films in the partly molten state." Thesis, McGill University, 2003. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=82839.

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This thesis presents a detailed study of the simultaneous biaxial stretching of isotactic polypropylene (iPP) films in the partly molten state. Four commercial grades of isotactic PP (PP1--PP4) were investigated. The first three resins differed principally in isotacticity levels, which were 94.8%, 98.6%, and 99.5%, and the fourth resin had molecular weight and isotacticity levels similar to those of PP2, but differed in crystallization behavior. The four iPP resins were extruded and cast under similar conditions. The severity of the cooling was varied for PP4. The cast films were stretched on the laboratory film stretcher, that simulates closely the stretching conditions encountered in the industrial tenter-frame stretching process. The morphology of the cast films and the final stretched films was characterized by differential scanning calorimetry and wide-angle X-ray diffraction. The reflection technique was used for the X-ray measurements. Finally, the mechanical and optical properties of the films were determined, and the results were correlated with the film morphology and orientation. The effects of drawing temperature, stretching ratio, strain rate, initial morphology, and chain tacticity on deformation behavior, stretched film morphology, and end-film properties were studied, and correlations were sought.
Simultaneous equibiaxial stretching was found to be homogeneous for sufficiently high deformation rates ( 3&d2;H > 0.1 s-1). The stiffness and the thermal stability of the crystallites played an important role in deformation behavior. In fact, the biaxial yield stress showed linear dependence on the crystallite size. Upon simultaneous equibiaxial deformation, crystallinity and especially orientation increased, while crystallite size decreased. The isotacticity content was found to influence greatly the thermal stability of the initial morphology. Increasing isotacticity leads to an increase in DSC melting peak temperature of the initial morphology, overall stress of deformation, and in the final crystallinity, orientation, elastic modulus, and tensile strength of the end film. Finally, it was concluded that the crystalline phase, that melts during preheating prior to stretching forms a "structured melt" phase. The amount of structured melt is related to the tensile strength at break of the end film. Finally, it was showed that an optimal gloss is obtained, if the cast film is stretched about 15°C below its melting point.
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Samurkas, Tony. "Nonlinear viscoelastic behaviour of linear polyethylene : molecular weight effects and constitutive equation evaluations." Thesis, McGill University, 1993. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=41766.

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The nonlinear viscoelastic properties of a series of blends of linear polyethylene were studied using the McGill sliding plate rheometer. A more reliable and sensitive shear stress transducer for this rheometer was designed, built and used in this work. The molecular weight dependence of a variety of nonlinear viscoelastic properties was investigated. It was determined that, as with steady state properties, the sensitivity of such properties to molecular weight diminishes with increasing shear rate. The behavior of these materials in large amplitude oscillatory shear (LAOS) was also studied. By using harmonic analysis, the frequency content of the nonlinear stress response to the sinusoidal strain was studied as a function of molecular weight, strain amplitude and frequency. The predictive abilities of the Wagner model in LAOS, exponential shear, start-up and cessation of steady shear and interrupted shear, at high shear rates were evaluated. Qualitative trends were well predicted by the model for a variety of sigmoidal and exponential damping function forms. For the first time, it has been shown that Wagner model predictions for molten thermoplastics are insensitive to the damping function form. The damping functions in simple shear and planar extension were obtained for a branched low density polyethylene (LDPE). Simple shear is similar to planar extension in a rotated reference frame and thus the two flows should have similar damping functions. It was found that the damping functions that fitted these two flows are, in fact, quite different. Thus we have shown that the contribution of kinematics cannot be simply described.
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Barreto, Marie de Chantal. "Crystallisation kinetics of high density polyethylene pre-sheared in the melt." Thesis, McGill University, 1989. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=61763.

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Singh, Peter. "Molding behaviour and microstructure of injection molded short glass fiber reinforced polypropylene composites." Thesis, McGill University, 1989. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=74240.

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Injection molded Short Glass Fiber Reinforced Thermoplastics (SFRTP) are widely used in industry because of advantages in material properties, availability, economics and ease of processing. The thermo-mechanical history experienced by the material during processing produces significantly anisotropic microstructural and consequently mechanical properties, varying not only spatially, but directionally.
This work attempts to examine quantitatively various aspects of microstructure and the effect of processing conditions in SFRTP. The matrix phase properties, such as crystallinity, morphology and molecular orientation distribution, as well as the fiber phase microstructure such as concentration, length and orientation distributions have been analyzed quantitatively, and explained. Experimental techniques, including optical and electron microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermo-gravimetric analysis, etc. have been used. The results indicate complex changes in microstructure from skin to core in the injection molded samples. Both matrix and fiber phase microstructures are affected by the basic thermal and flow processes that occur during the injection molding process. A first order model has been developed to predict fiber orientation distributions, which agree well with the experimental results.
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Books on the topic "Plastics Technology"

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M, Narkis, and Rosenzweig N, eds. Polymer powder technology. Chichester: J. Wiley, 1995.

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Chanda, Manas. Plastics technology handbook. New York: M. Dekker, 1987.

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1939-, Roy Salil K., ed. Plastics technology handbook. 3rd ed. New York: Marcel Dekker, 1998.

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Chanda, Manas. Plastics technology handbook. 2nd ed. New York: M. Dekker, 1993.

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Plastics and technology. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1994.

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1939-, Roy Salil K., ed. Plastics technology handbook. 4th ed. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press/Taylor & Francis Group, 2007.

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Muccio, Edward A. Plastics processing technology. Materials Park, OH: ASM International, 1994.

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Friedhelm, Hensen, Knappe W, Potente H, and Saudiford D, eds. Plastics extrusion technology. Munich: Hanser Publishers, 1988.

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Chanda, Manas. Plastics technology handbook. 3rd ed. New York: Marcel Dekker, 1998.

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M, Finlayson Kier, ed. Plastic film technology. Lancaster, Pa., U.S.A: Technomic Pub. Co., 1989.

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Book chapters on the topic "Plastics Technology"

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Andrade-Guel, Marlene Lariza, Alma Berenice Jasso-Salcedo, Diana Iris Medellín-Banda, Marco Antonio De Jesus-Tellez, and Christian Javier Cabello-Alvarado. "Plastics Technology." In Biodegradable Polymers, 32–54. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003230533-3.

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Schlechter, Mel. "Technology." In Plastics in Automobiles, 147–56. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003075806-9.

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Bonten, Christian. "Plastics Processing Technology." In Plastics Technology, 249–357. München: Carl Hanser Verlag GmbH & Co. KG, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3139/9781569907689.004.

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Mackison, R. "Plastics." In Clean Technology and the Environment, 236–53. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-1312-0_8.

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Bonten, Christian. "Introduction." In Plastics Technology, 1–11. München: Carl Hanser Verlag GmbH & Co. KG, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3139/9781569907689.001.

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Bonten, Christian. "Fundamentals." In Plastics Technology, 13–61. München: Carl Hanser Verlag GmbH & Co. KG, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3139/9781569907689.002.

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Bonten, Christian. "Plastics Materials Engineering." In Plastics Technology, 65–246. München: Carl Hanser Verlag GmbH & Co. KG, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3139/9781569907689.003.

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Bonten, Christian. "Product Development with Plastics." In Plastics Technology, 361–426. München: Carl Hanser Verlag GmbH & Co. KG, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3139/9781569907689.005.

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Bonten, Christian. "Plastics and the Environment." In Plastics Technology, 427–60. München: Carl Hanser Verlag GmbH & Co. KG, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3139/9781569907689.006.

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Bonten, Christian. "Recommendations for Writing a Bachelor's/Master's Thesis at the IKT." In Plastics Technology, 461–69. München: Carl Hanser Verlag GmbH & Co. KG, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3139/9781569907689.007.

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Conference papers on the topic "Plastics Technology"

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Bonten, Christian. "Mission of the century – Resource efficiency with plastics and plastics technology." In FRACTURE AND DAMAGE MECHANICS: Theory, Simulation and Experiment. AIP Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0028435.

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Elsharafi, Mahmoud, Cody Chancellor, Cameron Duckworth, Moiz Tatla, Reuben Denwe, Okan Lafleur, Zhiqi Mao, Mohamed Azzouz, and Sheldon Wang. "Heat Transfer Technology to Convert Plastic Trash to Oil." In ASME 2017 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2017-70953.

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In modern society, plastic waste has become a serious environmental issue. The inability of most hydrocarbon based plastics to naturally decompose quickly causes concern. The material piles up in landfills, waterways, and along the side of the road. One way to combat this issue is the repurposing of the material. Plastic can be converted back into oil (called pyrolysis) and refined to produce fuels. To attempt this, a custom-built steel reactor is to be filled with waste plastic, and will be heated to the plastic’s boiling point in an inert (N2) environment. The resulting vapor will be recondensed in a specially designed heat exchanger, resulting in oil, wax, and gaseous byproducts. The oil and waxes are collected in one container, and the gases are collected in a separate container. The system will require the use of thermocouples and a feedback loop to properly control temperature. The results are expected to show a correlation between plastic type and resulting byproduct composition with Grade 1 plastics producing the most gas. In addition, faster heating rates, larger plastic particle size, and higher temperatures should increase gaseous products. This may aid in the creation of commercial/industrial sized pyrolysis systems.
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Baker, Brian, Brian Czopek, and Isaac Kirbawy. "Conductive Plastics Leading Fuel Door Technology." In SAE 2002 World Congress & Exhibition. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2002-01-0278.

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Shimbo, Minoru, Kouji Nishida, Shigeo Nishikawa, Takanori Sueda, and Mitio Eriguti. "Foam Extrusion Technology of Microcellular Plastics." In ASME 1998 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece1998-0929.

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Abstract Processing technology was studied basically for microcellular plastics in this paper. The continuous processing system was constructed using extruder and was verified propriety of this system. In order to investigate cell morphology and cell structure, microcellular polystyrene samples were produced under various conditions by the above processing system. Concretely, foaming die which can be varied pressure in die was prepared. The effect of pressure drop in die on cell morphology of microcellular plastics was examined using this changeable die. In addition, the effect of blowing agent contents, temperature in die and besides additioner on that of microcellular plastics were also investigated.
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Du, Kun, Yu Li, and Minglei Lian. "Plastics Pyrolysis and Two-stage Coliquefaction of Coal-plastic Mixtures." In 2015 International Conference on Advanced Engineering Materials and Technology. Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/icaemt-15.2015.71.

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Hilfiker, James N., Craig M. Herzinger, Corey L. Bungay, John A. Woollam, and James F. Elman. "Optical characterization of anisotropic plastics." In Optical Interference Coatings. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oic.1998.tuf.3.

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Plastics have many commercial applications including photographic film and display technology. They often exhibit biaxial anisotropy due to extrusion and stretching during preparation. The characterization of coatings on plastic will improve when the plastic optical properties are understood. Plastic processing can also be monitored through its optical properties.
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Hapeman, Paige, Andrew Fugh, Elizabeth Falk, Rachel Case, Devin Yeatter, Ganesh Balasubramanian, and Khanjan Mehta. "Community Approaches To Recycling Plastics." In 2019 IEEE Global Humanitarian Technology Conference (GHTC). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ghtc46095.2019.9033108.

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Sarker, Moinuddin. "Aviation Fuel Derived from Waste Plastics." In Aerospace Technology Conference and Exposition. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2009-01-3206.

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Tański, Mateusz, Katarzyna Garasz, Marek Kocik, and Robert Barbucha. "Robotic laser system for cutting plastics." In Thirteenth Symposium on Laser Technology, edited by Ryszard S. Romaniuk and Jan K. Jabczynski. SPIE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2503968.

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Kagan, V. A., R. G. Bray, W. Kuhn, and G. P. Pinho. "Selecting Nylon-Based Plastics for Laser Welding Technology." In SAE 2000 World Congress. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2000-01-1168.

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Reports on the topic "Plastics Technology"

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KEYSTONE CENTER CO. Plastics Pollution Control Technology Research. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada250298.

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Cavestri, R. C. Compatibility of refrigerants and lubricants with engineering plastics. Quarterly technology progress reports, 1 July 1992--30 September 1992 [and] 1 October 1992--31 December 1992. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10123893.

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Gertslberger, Wolfgang, Merle Küttim, Tarmo Tuisk, Ulrika Hurt, Tarvo Niine, Tarlan Ahmadov, Margit Metsmaa, et al. Ringmajanduslike praktikate juurutamise võimaldajad ja barjäärid: uuringu aruanne. Tallinn University of Technology; Ministry of Economics and Communication, December 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.11590/taltech.circular.economy.report.2021.

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This research study focused on the business models related to the circular economy of the four industries and their enablers and barriers have been studied. The research was conducted from September to December 2021 in Estonia by Tallinn University of Technology Sustainable Value Chain Management Working Group for the Ministry of Economic Affairs and Communications. The industries covered by the study were: 1) the computer, electronic and optical equipment industries; 2) chemicals and chemical industry, except plastics industry; 3) the electrical equipment industry; 4) metal industry.
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Rongsen, L. The Application of Plastic Film Technology in China. Kathmandu, Nepal: International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD), 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.53055/icimod.179.

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Stodolsky, F., R. M. Cuenca, and P. V. Bonsignore. Technology and future prospects for lightweight plastic vehicle structures. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/578735.

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Chell. PR-015-063513-R01 Evaluating Failure Susceptibility Due to Axial Cracks in Pressurized Line Pipe. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), December 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010971.

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A best estimate methodology based on elastic-plastic fracture mechanics technology was developed that uses the cract tip driving force parameter to support the remaining fatigue life calculations. Development of this technology is facilitated by finite element analysis.
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Grewell, David. Scale-up and Technology Transfer of Protein-based Plastic Products. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1025232.

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8

Gray. L51478 Ductile Fracture of Pipelines - Correlation between Fracture Velocity and Plastic Zone. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), February 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010499.

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Abstract:
This study examines the relationship between ductile tearing accompanying ductile crack extension and the arrest behavior of line pipe steel. Ten pipeline steels were selected to represent the spectrum of current manufacturing technology for X-70 pipe and detailed tensile properties were determined. The purpose of the study was to examine whether the extent of plastic deformation correlates with fracture velocity and/or arrest, and whether its extent can be predicted from metallurgical, geometric, and stress data. The results suggest that the total deformation accompanying fracture is not affected by work hardening rate or by the existence of fracture surface separations.
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Carey, P., and H. Kamath. Development of Plastic Substrate Technology for Active Matrix Liquid Crystal Displays Final Report CRADA No. TC-761-93. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1426123.

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Aghadi, Crystal N., Bedru Balana, and Adebayo Ogunniyi. Postharvest losses and the impact of reusable plastic container technology on profitability: Evidence from tomato traders in Nigeria. Washington, DC: International Food Policy Research Institute, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2499/p15738coll2.134041.

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