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Quinn, Brenton Peter. "HACCP Assessment of Virginia Meat and Poultry Processing Plants." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/35994.
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Fifty-eight meat and poultry plants in Virginia were assessed during spring and summer of 2000. These assessments were all conducted in the presence of state inspection and were designed to be non-regulatory. The audit team included N.G. Marriott, M.A. Tolbert and B.P. Quinn. The audits consisted of a tour of the facility and a review of SSOPs and all HACCP related documentation. To assist in these audits, a HACCP check sheet was developed and utilized to indicate suggestions or deficiencies. Most of the plants had an understanding of how to implement HACCP properly. The majority of the suggestions that were noted were not so much about the HACCP concept, but more with regards to the legality of a HACCP document. The most noted deficiency was improper cross-outs. If there is a correction, one line should be drawn through the error and then must be initialed. With respect to the HACCP plan, most deficiencies were related to the hazards and the critical control points.
During these audits, two microbial determination methods (Standard Plate Count and Bioluminescence) were used to evaluate processing equipment. Typically, three pieces of equipment were tested at each plant. When the data were collected, the two microbial determination methods were correlated. The "corr" function in SAS resulted in a correlation coefficient of .4478, which is low and indicates a poor correlation. A pass/fail method similar to one done by Illsley et. al. resulted in a 48.9% agreement between the methods in this research.
Master of Science
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Ma, Yuan. "Optimal mems plate design and control for large channel count optical switches." College Park, Md. : University of Maryland, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/2071.
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Thesis (Ph. D.) -- University of Maryland, College Park, 2004.Thesis research directed by: Electrical Engineering. Title from t.p. of PDF. Includes bibliographical references. Published by UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, Mich. Also available in paper.
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Bermejo, Lucas Justiniano. "Ação do ultrassom na remoção do biofilme dos reservatórios de equipos odontológicos da Faculdade de Odontologia de Bauru." Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/25/25142/tde-01102012-171948/.
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Foram avaliados 25 reservatórios de água dos equipos odontológicos da Clínica de Dentística/Endodontia da FOB/USP com relação à presença de micro-organismos e a ação do ultrassom (US) na remoção do biofilme. Amostras de 10ml de água foram obtidas e alíquotas de 25l in natura e diluída até 10-4 foram semeadas pela técnica da gota nos meios: R2A Agar (R2A), Plate Count Agar (PCA), Peptona Diluída (PD) e Sabouraud Dextrose Agar com cloranfenicol a 1% (SDA), incubadas a 24º C por 72 horas. A água dos reservatórios foi descartada e 500 ml de água destilada esterilizada foi adicionada, sendo submetidos à ação do ultrassom (US) por 15 minutos, seguidos do mesmo procedimento descrito anteriormente. As colônias de bactérias foram quantificadas e os fungos foram identificados por micro-cultivo. A média da detecção de UFC/ml antes e após o US foi de 173.787 e 15.841 para o R2A, 104.873 e 3.034 para o PCA e de 245.824 e 8.231 para o PD. A média de fungos foi de 52,4 antes e 19,2 UFC/ml após ação do US. Fungos foram detectados em 20 reservatórios antes e em 12 deles após uso do US. O Penicillium sp apresentou prevalência de 36% nos reservatórios de água avaliados. Os resultados obtidos permitem concluir que o US foi eficiente em desestruturar o biofilme, embora não o elimine por completo, apresentando maior efetividade na desestruturação de bactérias.A total of 25 waterline unit reservoirs of the odontological sets from the Dentistry/Endodontic Clinic of FOB/USP were assessed, in relation to the presence of microorganisms and the ultrasound action (US) on the biofilm removal. Waterline samples of 10ml were obtained from aliquots of 25l in natura and diluted until 10-4, then, they were spread using the dripping technique on the means: R2A Agar (R2A), Plate Count Agar (PCA), diluted Peptone (DP) and Sabouraud Dextrose Agar with cloranfenicol at 1% (SDA), being incubated at 24º C for 72 hours. The waterline units of the reservoirs were discarded and 500 ml of sterilized distilled water was added, submitted to ultrasound action (US) for 15 minutes, following the same procedure described afore. The bacteria colonies were quantified and the fungi were identified through micro-culture. The average of detection of UFC/ml before and after US was 173.787 and 15.841 for R2A, 104.873 and 3.034 for PCA and of 245.824 and 8.231 for PD. The fungi average was 52,4 before and 19,2 UFC/ml after the action of US. Fungi were detected in 20 reservoirs before and 12 after using US. Penicillium sp showed a prevalence of 36% in the waterline reservoirs assessed. The results obtained, led to the conclusion that US was efficient to break the structure of the biofilm, although it did not eliminate it completely, showing more effectiveness to break the bacteria structure.
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Zhao, Bingjie. "BIOSTABILITY IN DRINKING WATER DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS IN A CHANGING WATER QUALITY ENVIRONMENT USING CORROSION INHIBITORS." Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2007. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/2666.
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In this study, the bacterial growth dynamics of 14 pilot drinking water distribution systems were studied in order to observe water quality changes due to corrosion inhibitor addition. Empirical models were developed to quantity the effect of inhibitor type and dose on bacterial growth (biofilm and bulk water). Water and pipe coupon samples were taken and examined during the experiments. The coupons were exposed to drinking water at approximately 20 °C for at least 5 weeks to allow the formation of a measurable quasi- steady-state biofilm. Bulk water samples were taken every week. In this study, two simple but practical empirical models were created. Sensitivity analysis for the bulk HPC model (for all 14 of the PDSs) showed that maintaining a chloramine residual at 2.6 mg/L instead of 1.1 mg/L would decrease bulk HPC by anywhere from 0.5 to 0.9 log, which was greater than the increase in bulk HPC from inhibitor addition at 0.31 to 0.42 log for Si and P based inhibitors respectively. This means that maintaining higher residual levels can counteract the relatively modest increases due to inhibitors. BF HPC was affected by pipe material, effluent residual and temperature in addition to a small increase due to inhibitor addition. Biofilm density was most affected by material type, with polyvinyl chloride (PVC) biofilm density consistently much lower than other materials (0.66, 0.92, and 1.22 log lower than lined cast iron (LCI), unlined cast iron (UCI), and galvanized steel (G), respectively). Temperature had a significant effect on both biofilm and bulk HPC levels but it is not practical to alter temperature for public drinking water distribution systems so temperature is not a management tool like residual. This study evaluated the effects of four different corrosion inhibitors (i.e. based on either phosphate or silica) on drinking water distribution system biofilms and bulk water HPC levels. Four different pipe materials were used in the pilot scale experiments, polyvinyl chloride (PVC), lined cast iron (LCI), unlined cast iron (UCI), and galvanized steel (G). Three kinds of phosphate based and one silica based corrosion inhibitors were added at concentrations typically applied in a drinking water distribution system for corrosion control. The data showed that there was a statistically significant increase of 0.34 log in biofilm bacterial densities (measured as HPC) with the addition of any of the phosphate based inhibitors (ortho-phosphorus, blended ortho-poly-phosphate, and zinc ortho-phosphate). A silica based inhibitor resulted in an increase of 0.36 log. The biological data also showed that there was a statistically significant increase in bulk water bacterial densities (measured as heterotrophic plates count, HPC) with the addition of any of the four inhibitors. For bulk HPC this increase was relatively small, being 15.4% (0.42 log) when using phosphate based inhibitors, and 11.0% (0.31 log) for the silica based inhibitor. Experiments with PDS influent spiked with phosphate salts, phosphate based inhibitors, and the silicate inhibitor showed that the growth response of P17 and NOx in the AOC test was increased by addition of these inorganic compounds. For this source water and the PDSs there was more than one limiting nutrient. In addition to organic compounds phosphorus was identified as a nutrient stimulating growth, and there was also an unidentified nutrient in the silica based inhibitor. However since the percentage increases due to inhibitors were no greater than 15% it is unlikely that this change would be significant for the bulk water microbial quality. In addition it was shown that increasing the chloramines residual could offset any additional growth and that the inhibitors could help compliance with the lead and copper rule. However corrosion inhibitors might result in an increase in monitoring and maintenance requirements, particularly in dead ends, reaches with long HRTs, and possibly storage facilities. In addition it is unknown what the effect of corrosion inhibitors are on the growth of coliform bacteria and opportunistic pathogens relative to ordinary heterotrophs. A method was developed to monitor precision for heterotrophic plate count (HPC) using both blind duplicates and lab replicates as part of a project looking at pilot drinking water distribution systems. Precision control charts were used to monitor for changes in assay variability with time just as they are used for chemical assays. In adapting these control charts for the HPC assay, it was determined that only plate counts ≥ 30 cfu per plate could be used for Quality Assurance (QA) purposes. In addition, four dilutions were used for all known Quality Control (QC) samples to insure counts usable for QC purposes would be obtained. As a result there was a 50% increase in the required labor for a given number of samples when blind duplicates and lab replicates were run in parallel with the samples. For bulk water HPCs the distributions of the duplicate and replicate data were found to be significantly different and separate control charts were used. A probability based analysis for setting up the warning limit (WL) and control limit (CL) was compared with the method following National Institute of Standard and Technology (NIST) guidelines.Ph.D.
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering
Engineering and Computer Science
Environmental Engineering PhD
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Owens, James Hudson. "DISINFECTION KINETICS FOR A CHLORINE-RESISTANT FRACTION OF INDIGENOUS HETEROTROPHIC PLATE COUNT BACTERIA IN OHIO RIVER WATER." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2002. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1029506971.
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Cassoli, Laerte Dagher. "Validação da metodologia de citometria de fluxo para avaliação da contagem bacteriana do leite cru." Universidade de São Paulo, 2005. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11139/tde-26092005-164035/.
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O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar a utilização da metodologia de citometria de fluxo na determinação da contagem bacteriana total (CBT) do leite cru. No primeiro estudo foi avaliado o efeito da temperatura de armazenamento, da idade da amostra e do tipo conservante sobre a CBT. Também foi estudada a possibilidade de se utilizar uma única amostra de leite para a realização das análises previstas na Instrução Normativa 51 (IN-51). Foram testadas, três temperaturas de armazenamento (0oC congelado, 7oC resfriamento e 24 oC ambiente), três conservantes (bronopol, azidiol e sem conservante) e quatro tempos entre a coleta e a análise (idade da amostra) (um (D1), três (D3), cinco (D5) e sete (D7) dias). Foi considerado tratamento controle para análise de CBT, amostras refrigeradas, com azidiol e com um dia de idade. Para as análises de composição e CCS, o tratamento controle foram amostras refrigeradas, com bronopol e com um dia de idade. Os resultados indicaram que será necessária a coleta de duas amostras, uma destinada à determinação de CCS e composição, contendo bronopol e, outra, para CBT, contendo azidiol. A amostra para CBT poderá ser analisada em até sete dias após a coleta, desde que mantida sob refrigeração à 7ºC. Deve-se evitar o aquecimento ou o congelamento da amostra para CBT, bem como garantir a adição do azidiol. O segundo estudo teve como objetivo estabelecer a correlação entre os métodos de referência e de citometria de fluxo na determinação da CBT. Amostras coletadas nos meses de junho à setembro (n=155) foram agrupadas considerando-se estação da seca e as coletadas nos meses de novembro e dezembro (n=68), estação das águas. Foram realizadas análises simultâneas pelos métodos de referência (contagem padrão em placas) e de citometria de fluxo (equipamento Bactocount), sendo os resultados expressos em unidades formadoras de colônia (UFC) e contagem individual de bactérias (CIB), respectivamente. As equações lineares de correlação entre a CIB e UFC foram semelhantes nas estações, indicando que uma única equação pode ser utilizada ao longo do ano para transformar os resultados de CIB para UFC. A equação linear obtida foi: log(UFC) = log(CIB) x 0,7224 + 1,4617 com coeficiente de correlação de 0,8125. A acurácia do equipamento Bactocount na estimativa do valor de referência, expressa pelo erro padrão (s(y,x)), foi de 0,309 log UFC/mL. Os resultados mostraram que o equipamento Bactocount pode ser calibrado para expressar os resultados em UFC e com isso ser utilizado no monitoramento da qualidade do leite.The objective of this study was to evaluate the utilization of electronic flow cytometry to determine total bacterial count (TBC) of raw milk. In the first experiment, the effect of storage temperature, sample age and milk preservative type on TBC were evaluated. Additionally, the use of a single milk sample to performance regulatory milk analysis under the Normative Instruction 51 (NI-51) was tested. Effects were standardized as: three storage temperatures (0ºC freezer, 7ºC refrigerator and 24ºC room temperature), four sample ages (1 (D1), 3 (D3), 5 (D5) and 7 (D7) days) and three milk preservatives (bronopol, azidiol and no preservative). Control treatment for TBC analysis was defined as refrigerated milk samples containing azidiol with 1 day of storage. For determination of milk components and somatic cell count (SCC), control treatment was defined as refrigerated milk samples containing bronopol with 1 day of storage. Results of the first experiment showed that two milk samples are necessary to performance regulatory milk analysis under the NI-51; one containing bronopol should be used for determination of milk components and SCC, and other containing azidiol for TBC. Milk samples used for TBC can be tested until 7 days after sampling when they are kept at 7ºC. Freezing or heating milk samples for TBC analysis should be avoided and addition of azidiol is always necessary. The second experiment was designed to determine a correlation between two methods of TBC, electronic flow cytometry and standard plate count. Milk samples collected from June to September (n = 155) were named as dry season samples and milk samples collected in November and December (n = 68) were named as rainy season samples. Each milk sample was used to run both methods of TBC. Results were expressed as individual bacterial count (IBC) and colony forming unit (CFU) for electronic flow cytometry (Bactocount) and standard plate count, respectively. The linear equations of correlation between IBC and CFU had similar patterns in both seasons, dry and rainy, indicating that a single equation can be used to transform IBC results in CFU along the year. The linear equation was defined as log(CFU) = 0.7224 x log(IBC) + 1.4617 with coefficient of correlation of 0.8125. The accuracy of Bactocount in estimating reference values, denoted by the standard error (s(y,x)), was 0.309 log CFU/mL. The results showed that Bactocount can be calibrated to express TBC readings in CFU and, consequently, be used to monitor milk quality.
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Walter, Sunette. "Characterization of heterotrophic plate count (HPC) bacteria from biofilm and bulk water samples from the Potchefstroom drinking water distribution system / by S. Walter." Thesis, North-West University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/4977.
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The presence of heterotrophic plate count (HPC) bacteria in drinking water distribution systems is usually not considered harmful to the general consumer. However, precautions must be taken regarding the immunocompromised. All water supply authorities in South Africa are lawfully required to provide consumers with high-quality drinking water that complies with South African-and international standards. This study mainly focused on the isolation, identification and characterization of HPC and other bacteria from biofilm-and bulk water samples from two sampling points located within the Potchefstroom drinking water distribution system. Based on five main objectives set out in this study, results indicated that the bulk water at the J.S. van der Merwe building was of ideal quality fit for lifetime consumption. Application of enrichment-and selective media allowed for the isolation of 12 different bacterial morphotypes. These were identified by way of biochemical-and molecular methods as Bacillus cereus, Bacillus subtilis, Brevundimonas spp., Clostridiaceae, Corynebacterium renale, Flavobacteriaceae, Kytococcus sedentarius, Leuconostoc lactic, Lysinibacillus sphaericus, Pseudomonas spp., Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus capitis. The greatest diversity of bacteria was detected early autumn 2008, while the lowest diversity occurred during mid-winter 2007. Bacillus cereus, Kytococcus sedentarius and Staphylococcus capitis displayed potential pathogenic properties on blood agar. Kytococcus sedentarius could be classified as potentially the most pathogenic among the isolates. All isolates displayed multiple-resistant patterns towards tested antibiotics. Corynebacterium renale and Staphylococcus aureus were least resistant bacterial species and Lysinibacillus sphaericus the most resistant. All isolates were susceptible to ciprofloxacin (CIP) and streptomycin (S), but most were resistant to erythromycin (E). Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) allowed for detailed examination of Brevundimonas spp., Pseudomonas spp. and Staphylococcus spp. The capability of Brevundimonas spp. to produce slime and store nutrients within inclusion bodies, suggests the ability of this bacterium to form biofilm and persist in the drinking water for prolonged periods. Despite the inhibitory or toxic effect of copper against bacterial growth, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed the presence of biofilms as well as diatoms on red-copper coupons. Biofilm activity was also observed on reverse-osmosis (RO) filters. Since corrosion was evident on red-copper coupons, it is recommended that prospective studies also look into the significance of microbial induced corrosion (MIC) within the Potchefstroom drinking water distribution system. Other prospects include determining minimum inhibitory concentrations of isolates against antibiotics and the application of culture independent methods such as SSCP and DGGE to investigate biofilm development. The use of diatoms as an index of the drinking water quality is also suggested.Thesis (M.Sc. (Environmental Science))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2010.
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Bellali, Sara. "Évaluation de l'impact de la conservation sur la viabilité et la cultivabilité du microbiote intestinal humain." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2019. http://theses.univ-amu.fr.lama.univ-amu.fr/191121_BELLALI_58q14hn462lvr402balo_TH.pdf.
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Le microbiote intestinal humain abrite un grand nombre de micro-organismes qui jouent un rôle crucial dans la santé humaine. Cependant, le nombre de bactéries détectées par des méthodes quantitatives indépendantes de la culture s'est révélé beaucoup plus élevé que celui des bactéries cultivées sur des géloses. Cet écart est connu sous le nom de la « Great plate count anomaly ». L'objectif principal de ce travail était d'expliquer ''l’incultivabilité" des bactéries intestinales et de maintenir leur viabilité. Dans ce travail, nous avons constaté que l'exposition à l'oxygène pendant plus d'une heure réduisait la cultivabilité des bactéries à 50%. De plus, lorsque les échantillons ont été exposés à l'oxygène pendant moins de 2 minutes, la cultivabilité a augmenté à 87%. Ce dernier résultat suggère que la non-cultivabilité pourrait être due au fait que les bactéries sensibles à l'oxygène étaient à l'état viable mais non cultivable, ou qu'elles étaient blessées ou mortes. Ce résultat a été confirmé lorsque nous avons séquencé les bactéries vivantes, blessées et mortes triées par le FACS. 28 % des UTOs correspondaient à des bactéries mortes, dont environ deux tiers étaient inconnues, et la majorité de ces bactéries étaient sensibles à l’oxygène. D'autre part, notre nouveau milieu protecteur a démontré son efficacité sur les échantillons fécaux et les bactéries sensibles à l'oxygène. En conclusion, notre étude nous a permis d’explorer la « dark matter » du microbiote intestinal humain et a révélé que la métagénomique et l'approche culturomics sont nécessaires pour bien comprendre la diversité et la richesse des bactéries cultivables et non cultivablesThe human gut microbiota harbors a wide range of microorganisms that play a crucial role in human health. However, the number of bacterial cells detected by quantitative culture-independent methods was found to be much higher compared to that of cultured bacteria on agar plates. That discrepancy is known as the “ Great plate count anomaly ”. The main goal of this work was to investigate the “ unculturability ” of gut bacteria and maintain their viability. we found that exposure to oxygen for more than 1 hour decreased the culturability of bacteria to 50%. More importantly, when samples were exposed to oxygen for less than 2 min, the culturability increased to 87%. This result suggested that the non-culturability might be due to the fact that oxygen-sensitive cells were in the viable but non-culturable state, or either injured or dead. This funding was confirmed when we sequenced the FACS sorted live, injured and dead bacteria, where, 28% of of bacterial OTUs in total fecal samples were exclusively found dead and/or injured. Among these non-live bacteria, about two-thirds were unknown, thus a large amount were anaerobic. In the other hand, our new protectant medium showed its effectiveness on fecal samples and oxygen sensitive bacteria. In conclusion, our work has confirmed the importance of sample conditioning and processing to obtain the best culture conditions and isolation rates. In addition, our study allowed us to shed light on the dark matter of the human gut microbiota and revealed that both metagenomics and culturomics approach are needed for full insight into the diversity and richness of culturable and unculturable bacteria in the human gut microbiota
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Jin, Yichao. "Listeria innnocua Biofilm Formation on Food Contact Surfaces and Its inactivation by Chlorine Dioxide Gas." The Ohio State University, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1502966404221271.
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Venter, Leandra. "Presence of potentially pathogenic heterotrophic plate count (HPC) bacteria occurring in a drinking water distribution system in the North-West Province, South Africa / by Leandra Venter." Thesis, North-West University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/4380.
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There is currently growing concern about the presence of heterotrophic plate count (HPC)
bacteria in drinking water. These HPC may have potential pathogenic features, enabling
them to cause disease. It is especially alarming amongst individuals with a weakened
immune system. South Africa, the country with the highest incidents of HIV positive
individuals in the world, mainly uses these counts to assess the quality of drinking water in
terms of the number of micro-organisms present in the water. These micro-organisms may
be present in the bulk water or as biofilms adhered to the surfaces of a drinking water
distribution system. The current study investigated the pathogenic potential of HPC bacteria
occurring as biofilms within a drinking water distribution system and determined the
possible presence of these micro-organims within the bulk water. Biofilm samples were
taken from five sites within a drinking water distribution system. Fifty six bacterial colonies
were selected based on morphotypes and isolated for the screening of potential pathogenic
features. Haemolysin production was tested for using sheep-blood agar plates. Of the 56,
31 isolates were ?-haemolytic. Among the 31 ?-haemolytic positive isolates 87.1% were
positive for lecithinase, 41.9% for proteinase, 19.4% for chondroitinase, 9.7% for DNase
and 6.5% for hyaluronidase. All of the ?-haemolytic isolates were resistant to
oxytetracycline 30 ?g, trimethoprim 2.5 ?g and penicillin G10 units, 96.8% were resistant to
vancomycin 30 ?g and ampicillin 10 ?g, 93.5% to kanamycin 30 ?g, 74.2% to
chloramphenicol 30 ?g, 54.8% to ciprofloxacin 5 ?g, 22.6% to streptomycin 300 ?g and
16.1% to erythromycin 15 ?g. Nineteen isolates producing two or more enzymes were
subjected to Gram staining. The nineteen isolates were all Gram-positive. These isolates
were then identified using the BD BBL CRYSTALTM Gram-positive (GP) identification (ID)
system. Isolates were identified as Bacillus cereus, Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus subtilis,
Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus pumilus and Kocuria rosea. 16S rRNA gene sequencing was
performed to confirm these results and to obtain identifications for the bacteria not identified
with the BD BBL CRYSTALTM GP ID system. Additionally identified bacteria included
Bacillus thuringiensis, Arthrobacter oxydans and Exiguobacterium acetylicum.
Morphological properties of the different species were studied with transmission electron
microscopy (TEM) to confirm sequencing results. All the isolates displayed rod shaped cells
with the exception of Arthrobacter oxydans being spherical in the stationary phase of their life cycle. Bulk water samples were taken at two sites in close proximity with the biofilm
sampling sites. The DNA was extracted directly from the water samples and the 16S rRNA
gene region was amplified. Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) was performed
to confirm the presence of the isolates from the biofilm samples in the bulk water samples.
The presence of Bacillus pumilus and Arthrobacter oxydans could be confirmed with
DGGE. This study demonstrated the presence of potentially pathogenic HPC bacteria within
biofilms in a drinking water distribution system. It also confirmed the probable presence of
two of these biofilm based bacteria in the bulk water.Thesis (M.Sc. (Microbiology))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2010.
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Gonsalves, Camila Cristina. "Contagem de campylobacter spp. em amostras de diferentes pontos do fluxograma de abate de frangos por método de plaqueamento direto em Ágar mCCDA e Campy-Cefex." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/97862.
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Nas últimas décadas as espécies de Campylobacter spp. são reconhecidas como importantes agentes de gastroenterites de origem alimentar em humanos em diversos países, tendo como principal veículo de transmissão a carne de frango. Devido ao aumento da frequência com que é isolada a partir de humanos, animais, alimentos e água, esta bactéria tem sido foco crescente de atenção nos últimos 30 anos. No Brasil, ainda são limitadas as informações sobre esta bactéria na cadeia de produção de aves, não existindo legislação que contemple o controle de Campylobacter. A alta incidência na avicultura, a presença natural deste patógeno nos animais e os graves problemas de saúde pública gerados tornam essa bactéria alvo de esforços para prevenção e controle. O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar se a metodologia de contagem direta proposta pela normativa MLG 41.02 teria eficiência na monitoria em diferentes amostras avícolas e paralelamente comparar o desempenho de dois ágares (mCCDA e Campy-Cefex) na contagem de Campylobacter spp. Foram realizadas quatro tomadas de amostras em um frigorífico da região Sul do país, durante um mês, sendo a amostragem composta por suabes de cloaca, carcaças pré-chiller, carcaças pós-chiller, água pré-chiller, água do chiller, e amostras de água de abastecimento. O ágar Campy-Cefex obteve maior frequência de isolamento de Campylobacter spp. em diferentes amostras avícolas quando comparado com o ágar mCCDA. Houve redução significativa de contaminação ao longo da linha de abate, com níveis de 9,8 x 102 UFC/mL em carcaças préchiller e 1,5x102 UFC/mL em carcaças pós-chiller. Do total de amostras em que foram realizadas a PCR, 72% foram positivas para Campylobacter jejuni e 38% positivas para Campylobacter coli. A metodologia mostrou-se eficiente e possível de ser aplicada na indústria avícola, em diferentes materiais, para monitoria de Campylobacter.In recent decades the Campylobacter spp. species are recognized as important agents of foodborne gastroenteritis in humans in several countries and the broiler meat as are pointed as the main vehicle of transmission. Due the increase in frequency isolation from humans, animals, food and water, this bacteria has received great attention in the last 30 years. The information about this bacteria are still limited in Brazil and in the poultry production chain, there are no laws to the Campylobacter’s control. The high incidence in poultry industry, the natural presence of this pathogen in animals and the serious concern in public health, lead this bacteria as target to prevention and control efforts. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether the direct counting methodology proposed by MLG 41.02 rules would be efficient on monitoring different poultry samples, as well as to compare two agars plate (mCCDA and Campy-Cefex) performance’s to Campylobacter cell count. We carried out four samples taken in a slaughterhouse located at southern region of Brazil, during one month. The samples were composed by cloacal swabs, pre-chiller carcasses, post-chiller carcasses, pre-chiller water, chiller water, and water supply samples. The Campy-Cefex agar showed higher Campylobacter spp isolation frequency of among different poultry samples than mCCDA agar. There was a significant reduction in contamination along the slaughter line with levels of 9.8 x 102 CFU/mL in pre- chiller carcasses and 1.5 x102 CFU/mL in post-chiller carcasses. The samples typified by PCR, showed 72% of the samples as Campylobacter jejuni and 38% as Campylobacter coli. The methodology was efficient and also possible to be used in the poultry’s industry for different samples to Campylobacter monitoring program.
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Palmer, Hilary R. "Bottle water storage location and its impact on microbiogical quality." Honors in the Major Thesis, University of Central Florida, 2009. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETH/id/1304.
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This item is only available in print in the UCF Libraries. If this is your Honors Thesis, you can help us make it available online for use by researchers around the world by following the instructions on the distribution consent form at http://library.ucf.edu/Systems/DigitalInitiatives/DigitalCollections/InternetDistributionConsentAgreementForm.pdf You may also contact the project coordinator, Kerri Bottorff, at kerri.bottorff@ucf.edu for more information.Bachelors
Engineering and Computer Science
Environmental Engineering
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Morrison, Kathleen B. "The poverty of place : a comparative study of five rural counties in the Missouri Ozarks /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 1999. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p9946282.
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Sutton, Michael. "Measuring environmental perceptions and sense of place in Franklin County, Florida." Muncie, Ind. : Ball State University, 2009. http://cardinalscholar.bsu.edu/445.
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Khalus, Vladislav Ivanovich. "T-COUNT OPTIMIZATION OF QUANTUM CARRY LOOK-AHEAD ADDER." UKnowledge, 2019. https://uknowledge.uky.edu/ece_etds/141.
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With the emergence of quantum physics and computer science in the 20th century, a new era was born which can solve very difficult problems in a much faster rate or problems that classical computing just can't solve. In the 21st century, quantum computing needs to be used to solve tough problems in engineering, business, medical, and other fields that required results not today but yesterday. To make this dream come true, engineers in the semiconductor industry need to make the quantum circuits a reality.
To realize quantum circuits and make them scalable, they need to be fault tolerant, therefore Clifford+T gates need to be implemented into those circuits. But the main issue is that in the Clifford+T gate set, T gates are expensive to implement.
Carry Look-Ahead addition circuits have caught the interest of researchers because the number of gate layers encountered by a given qubit in the circuit (or the circuit's depth) is logarithmic in terms of the input size n. Therefore, this thesis focuses on optimizing previous designs of out-of-place and in-place Carry Look-Ahead Adders to decrease the T-count, sum of all T and T Hermitian transpose gates in a quantum circuit.
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Atkinson, Stephen Dwight. "Making of place: the wall." Thesis, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/53280.
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The thesis of this project focuses on the making of place in architecture. The erection of a wall is the initial act in the creation of a sense of place. Three walls separate the homogeneous world of the countryside to establish a zone for a winery complex.Master of Architecture
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Davidson, Benjamin P. "Deformation of the Tectonic Erratics at Henderson Summit, Vinini Creek, Mineral Hill, and Lone Mountain in Eureka County, Nevada." Thesis, California State University, Long Beach, 2018. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10785318.
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In the Roberts Mountains of north-central Nevada, several large masses of the autochthonous carbonate succession overlie the highly deformed siliciclastic succession of the Roberts Mountains allochthon (RMA). These carbonate masses, or tectonic erratics, were plucked from the underlying autochthon and carried in the base of the upper plate of the post-Antler Orogeny Henderson thrust as it ramped structurally upwards and eastwards. Kinematic indicators in the form of folds and fractures within the carbonate masses at Henderson Summit, Vinini Creek, Mineral Hill, and Lone Mountain show a general eastward stress direction. Intense brecciation is observed in the lower parts of the carbonate masses and in the immediately underlying siliciclastic strata of the RMA. Based on observations and kinematic evidence, the carbonate masses at Henderson Summit, Vinini Creek, Mineral Hill, and Lone Mountain are interpreted to be tectonic erratics, which in turn further supports and extends the tectonic erratic hypothesis.
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Petrik, Falene Elizabeth. "Scarp analysis of the Centennial Normal Fault, Beaverhead County, Montana and Fremont County, Idaho." Thesis, Montana State University, 2008. http://etd.lib.montana.edu/etd/2008/petrik/PetrikF0508.pdf.
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The Centennial Mountains are an east-west trending mountain range in southwest Montana. The Centennial Mountains are bound on the south by the Eastern Snake River Plane, the north-trending Madison Range and fault on the east and the Centennial Valley on the north. The Centennial normal fault offsets the Centennial Mountains on the north down-dropping the Centennial Valley. Approximately 3000 meters of offset along the Centennial normal fault creates the Centennial Mountains. The present Centennial Mountains are subdivided into two stratigraphically different blocks by the Odell Creek normal fault. The eastern Centennial Mountains are interpreted as the upthrown block of the Odell Creek normal fault exposing Precambrian and Paleozoic rock along the northern face of the range. The western Centennial Mountains are interpreted as the downthrown block of the Odell Creek normal fault exposing Cretaceous and younger rocks. Both eastern and western segments of the Centennial Mountains are then offset along the range bounding Centennial normal fault. Offset along the Centennial normal fault started approximately 2.1 Ma as evidenced by the displacement of the 2.1 Ma Huckleberry Ridge tuff. It is believed that prior to the emplacement of the 2.1 Ma Huckleberry Ridge tuff, the Centennial Mountains had minimum to no surface relief. The majority of offset along the Centennial normal fault has occurred with in the late Pleistocene with estimated slip rates of 0.65-0.82 mm/yr. The late Pleistocene surface offsets along the Centennial Mountains have an average of 9.1-9.6 meters with similar offset seen along the eastern and western segments.
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Janecke, Susanne Ursula 1959. "Structural geology and tectonic history of the Geesaman Wash area, Santa Catalina Mountains, Arizona." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/558061.
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Cunningham, William Dickson 1960. "Superposed thrusting in the northern Granite Wash Mountains, La Paz County, Arizona." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/558059.
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Ionnidis, G. "Statistics of YSO jets in the galactic plane from UWISH2." Thesis, University of Kent, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.653050.
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In order to study jets and outflows from Young Stellar Objects (YSOs), I performed an unbiased search on a continuous 33 square degree sized region in Serpens and Aquila using data taken from the UWISH2 survey, which uses the 1-0 S(I) emission line ofH2 as a tracer. I identified 130 molecular hydrogen outflows from YSOs from which 120 (92 %) objects are new discoveries. Distances were measured by foreground star counts with an accuracy of25 %. Outflows were found in groups of 3 - 5 members with a size of about 5 pc. Groups were separated by about half a degree on the sky. About half of the objects were assigned with potential source candidates. Brighter MHOs had a higher probability to have a source candidate assigned to them. I find an over abundance of outflows with position angles between 1300 and 1500 which is almost perpendicular to the Galactic Plane. The fraction of parsec scale outflows is about 25 % which is more than twice compared to the one found in Orion A by Stanke et al. (2002) and Davis et al. (2009). The outflows are not able to provide a sufficient fraction of energy and momentum to support the turbulence levels in their surrounding molecular clouds. The typical dynamical jet age was of the order of 104 yrs, while groups of emission knots are ejected every 103 yrs. This indicates that low level accretion rate fluctuations and not Fu-Ori type events are responsible for the episodic ej ection of material. The luminosity distribution of the outflows shows a power law behaviour with N ex: LH;·9. The Milky Way star formation rate was estimated to more than 1.6 ± 0.4M0 yr-1 The Spectral Index Classification distribution plot of YSOs indicated that the number of outflows increases in line with a values and has a similar distribution to the one from Davis et al. (2009) from Orion A.
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Demaree, Nancy. "Place, Disease and Mortality: Trimble County, Kentucky 1849-1894." TopSCHOLAR®, 2000. http://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/716.
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This researcher describes the characteristics of place...physical, cultural and human...of a small Kentucky county and looks at the incidence of disease and dying that occurred in that place in the last half of the nineteenth century. The impact of death on particular subsets of the general population was given a closer evaluation. Very young, females and the slave/Black communities were investigated individually. The overall site and situation of all aspects of Trimble County, Kentucky were viewed in an effort to support the notion that it is the manner in which man interacts with this environment that causes disease and death and that is not the environment itself that destroys human life.
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Irvine, Barry Macartan. "Place-names of the parish of Aghalurcher, County Fermanagh." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.336718.
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Lindgren, Nikki, and Claes Lindgren. "Marketing’s Evolution as an Economic Development Strategy : a Washington County, Utah Case Study." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Avdelningen för ekonomi, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-9891.
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ABSTRACT Authors: Nikki Lindgren and Claes Lindgren Professor: Stig Sörling Title: Marketing’s Evolution as an Economic Development Strategy: A Washington County, Utah Case Study Background: Economic development has been a priority of areas for some time. In the mid-1980s, economic policies and marketing practices joined forces. During this time, cities, regions, states and countries began a clear shift from narrow economic development views to a broader set of strategies to attract new and maintain old businesses, boost tourism, attract investors and expand overseas trade. Today, places have increased their use of highly sophisticated marketing strategies aimed at building competitive markets while targeting specific buyers and positioning the community’s resources to respond to specialized buyer needs and desires. Aim and Purpose: The purpose of the study is twofold: first, to explore how place marketing fits into general marketing efforts and secondly, to provide insights into what factors influence the success of places. Three questions were developed to assist in the direction of the research and to assist in gaining practical and tactical insights obtainable through a case study analysis. Methodology: Theoretical and empirical data is provided and analyzed using the actor’s approach. Primary data is collected via direct observations, email, phone interviews and open dialogues. Secondary data is collected via Internet, magazines and newspapers and meeting notes to provide further depth and to elaborate upon the theoretical findings. Results: We expect the study to highlight important phenomena that occur when viewing place marketing as a general marketing effort. We also expect to uncover practical “success factor” insights into place marketing from which civic and private entities can learn.
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Moneta, Mary. "The Effects of Wildland Fire on a Community: A Study of Bell County, Kentucky." TopSCHOLAR®, 2006. http://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/252.
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As the number of people living in forested areas continues to grow, so does the likelihood that an individual will suffer from a wildland fire. There has been little research produced strictly looking at the human dimensions of wildland fire, especially in southern rural communities (Machlis, Kaplan, Tuler, Bagby, and McKendry 2002). Using two of Kumagai, Carrol, and Cohan's (2004) propositions on the social impact of disaster and the theoretical framework of Emile Durkheim's (1933) view of community and collective consciousness, the primary purpose of this research was to aid in understanding the effects of wildland fire on the social and economic well-being of a community. This research examined a specific location in Kentucky, Bell County. Bell County has suffered many wildland fires, especially with wildland-fire arson. In June of 2006 questionnaires exploring residents' perception of wildland fire on the social and economic well-being of the local community were sent to a random sample of area residents. Two aspects of community and wildland fire were examined, the impact of wildland fire on community and blame for damage caused by inadequate efforts to control wildland fires. Partial correlations were used to measure the relationship between variables. The findings suggest that there is no consistent positive or negative impact of wildland fire on all individuals in a community. No consistent relationship exists between wildland fires' impacts and aspects of community in a negative way. Respondents themselves were less likely to report gain or loss and more likely to report that others had gained or lost in income. The longer respondents have lived in Bell County, the more likely they will discuss wildland fire. Respondents did not blame any local, state, or federal agency for wildland fire. In fact, the more one is tied to community (in terms of quality of life, trust in government, and strong neighbor relations), the more supportive one is of local government. The implications of this study could include policy changes with regards to wildland fire, information gathered would help aid in the understanding of the effects of wildland fire within a rural community. Due to the small sample (n = 140) and weak response rate (18.8%), the information gathered may only be generlizable to Bell County or the respondents themselves. Future research would be suggested, research at a qualitative level, through participant observation and in-depth interviews of residents of Bell County, Kentucky.
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Greenwald, Jessica E. "Power in Place-Names: A Study of Present Day Waterford County, Ireland." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1127168257.
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Wahl, Gregory Ralph. "The Bridges of Madison County and Iowa production, reception, and place /." College Park, Md. : University of Maryland, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/2590.
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Thesis (Ph. D.) -- University of Maryland, College Park, 2005.Thesis research directed by: American Studies. Title from t.p. of PDF. Includes bibliographical references. Published by UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, Mich. Also available in paper.
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Jenkins, Isabel Rebecca. "Reflections of Thought: Land Plats of Gloucester County, Virginia, 1733-1849." W&M ScholarWorks, 2001. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539626298.
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Bailey, Chad F. "Heritage Tourism in Washington County, Tennessee: Linking Place, Placelessness, and Preservation." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2016. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/3136.
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This thesis examines the formation of spatial theory and the linkage between space and place and their relationship with historic preservation and heritage tourism. First, this thesis analyzes the terms space and place, and how scholars define each term. Second, this thesis focuses on the concept of placelessness. Third, this thesis examines historic preservation as a strategy to help alleviate placelessness and as a crucial link to heritage tourism. This thesis also will use regional examples of preservation and tourism as exemplified by the preservation efforts of private organizations, citizens, and government officials in Jonesborough,Johnson City, and Washington County,Tennessee. This thesis provides some ideas for the creation of a possible heritage tourism program within Washington County,Tennessee.
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Nurminen, Terhi Johanna. "Hill-terms in the place-names of Northumberland and County Durham." Thesis, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/1602.
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The diverse and potentially highly nuanced topographical vocabulary used in English place-names constitutes a fruitful area of research within the fields of semantics and lexicology as well as onomastics. It has been observed in previous studies (Gelling 1984; Gelling and Cole 2000) that topographical terms are used in major settlement names of Old English (OE) origin consistently of landscape features of a particular type, often with highly specialised meanings, for instance OE dūn of a flat-topped hill and OE hōh of a heel-shaped one. This observation, which has been termed the Gelling hypothesis, is today regarded as valid for most, if not all, parts of England. In this thesis, I investigate the meanings and uses of hill-terms, that is, place-name elements referring to hill-features, in the place-names of Northumberland and County Durham, with special reference to previous work by Gelling and Cole. I argue that the Gelling hypothesis is valid in general in the study area, but also that the relationship between the topographical terms and the landscape features to which they refer is often not as straightforward as the hypothesis predicts. I extend the investigation to names of Middle English and Modern English origin, identifying specialised uses which suggest that the contrast in precision between the OE and later hill-terms is not as stark as the hypothesis seems to predict. I also examine the collocations of the commonest hill-terms, finding typical collocates and collocation patterns. This thesis is based on an electronic corpus containing all relevant names found on current OS Landranger 1:50,000 maps; the total number of names in the corpus is 2,227. The discussion of the meanings of the hill-terms is based on a detailed analysis of a representative sample of topographical sites through map-work and field-work, based on the methodological frameworks developed by Gelling and Cole, with the introduction of consistent and clearly defined terminology which allows for more objective analysis.
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Barrett, Maria. "'Our place' : class, the theatre audience and the Royal Court Liverpool." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2016. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/80890/.
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This thesis investigates theatregoing and class, using as a locus the Royal Court Theatre, Liverpool. The Royal Court is unusually successful in attracting and retaining first time theatregoers and others from some of the most deprived postcodes in the UK. The study’s original contribution to knowledge is threefold: its focus on the relationship between theatre and audience that encompasses the whole theatregoing event; its focus on theatre audiences and social class; and its use of Bourdieu’s conceptual triad not only as an underpinning theory and a framework, but also as a method. The findings have important implications for cultural policy, which has been over reliant on ticket pricing as a mechanism which has failed to widen cultural attendance. The thesis uses a single case to examine the phenomenon of theatregoing. The primary method of investigation is a series of field visits of a theatre season and subsequent thick description of observations. This is supported by ethnographic methods in order to understand phenomena from the perspective of audience members; these are focus groups, interviews, and an analysis of user generated content (TripAdvisor). The thesis finds that the history of the Royal Court Theatre has not only shaped its position in the field, but is key to its perception by audiences today, the building having a particular place in the imaginary of a working class culture. Inside the auditorium, innovative seating arrangements contribute to a playful social space that can be ‘owned’ by audiences. The Theatre’s repertoire is distinctive, in that it employs tropes, such as comedy and participation, that are bound up with the concept of ‘Scouse’, itself a classed construct. These elements combine to form a physical and social space that is congruent to a working class habitus. The implications of the findings are in two fields, sociology and cultural policy. From a sociological perspective, the thesis concludes that Bourdieu’s conceptual triad is not only useful as a concept but also as a method by which to understand theatregoing and other phenomena in the twenty-first century. The application of Bourdieu’s conceptual triad to the empirical phenomenon of twenty-first century British theatregoing results in a more nuanced understanding of a working class aesthetic and working class values. For cultural policy, the thesis finds that using pricing as a mechanism to widen cultural attendance is to miss the point of the real issues facing working class people in the theatre which are around symbolic violence. If we really wish to widen theatre attendance, we need to offer working class people a theatre model that speaks to their values.
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Riggle, Allison Marie. "Rosenwald Junior College place matters in a school community /." [Pensacola, Fla.] : University of West Florida, 2009. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/WFE0000191.
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Thesis (Ed.D.)--University of West Florida, 2009.Submitted to the Dept. of Professional and Community Leadership. Title from title page of source document. Document formatted into pages; contains 212 pages. Includes bibliographical references.
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Thompson, O. L. Tom. "The morphology of place." Thesis, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/53337.
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The intent of this project was to develop a method of making architecture which incorporates into its design the unique features of the site and region.
The site was chosen because of its unique physical features and strong regional character. The ideas of the layering of the walls was derived from the strata of a nearby bluff. The form of the building, a series of parallel walls, was an interpretation of the natural architecture of the region and the site. The curved wall that terminates the path through the building originated as a response to the meeting of a stream and the river.
Out of this project came a building design that developed from the site in an incremental way. The architectural elements respond to the site through their individual form and structure, then as a collective whole.Master of Architecture
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Smith, Jon Charles. "The architecture of Samuel M. Plato : the Marion years, Grant County projects, 1902-1921." Virtual Press, 1998. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1140088.
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Samuel M. Plato (1882-1957) is a relatively unknown African-American architect who practiced in Marion, Indiana from 1902-1921. The limited information available concerning Plato has hindered the research and documentation of the architecture produced during this era of his life. The current opinion is that Plato designed and constructed several houses and one church for wealthy white clients, and a single African-American church during his Marion tenure. This project has produced an historical context statement for Marion's African-American community, and a biographical sketch of Samuel M. Plato based primarily on daily newspaper accounts from 1902-1922. This research provided the needed insight to document the role Plato held in black society, and also produced the historical data necessary to document additional Plato structures. The findings of this study will be used to advocate further research and documentation of Plato's work throughout the United States.Department of Architecture
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Mulder, Richard Alan. "Regional tectonic deformation of the northern Oregon coast as recorded by Pleistocene marine terraces." PDXScholar, 1992. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/4433.
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Pleistocene marine terraces of the northern Oregon coast are an important factor in understanding the tectonics and paleoseismicity of the central Cascadia subduction zone. The lowest marine terrace, tentatively correlated to 80,000 year old Whiskey Run terrace of southern Oregon, is intermittently exposed in the present day sea cliff along an 80 km section of coastline between Tillamook Head and Cape Kiwanda. Terrace sediments consist largely of fine material such as clay, silt and fine sand with several locations containing large amounts of gravel derived from nearby headlands and steep bedrock hills. The terrace sediments are interpreted to be deposited in back-barrier marine environments, such as a bay, very similar to the bays which presently exist on the northern Oregon coast. Interbedded with terrace sediments are peat horizons which represent buried marsh or forest surfaces. These peat horizons have gradational lower contacts and abrupt upper contacts with terrace sediments indicating that the marsh or forest surfaces formed gradually above sea level and were suddenly downdropped below sea level to be buried by bay sediments. Such features are consistent with a seismically active Cascadia subduction zone which produces interseismic coastal uplift and coseismic coastal subsidence.
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Russ, James. "Globalization, Urban Competitiveness, and Human Capital: Davidson County, Tennessee's Place in the Equation." TopSCHOLAR®, 2005. http://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/476.
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Profound changes in the structure of the global economy since the end of World War II have drastically affected the way governments, businesses, and individuals interact with one another. The development of regional trading alliances (European Union, NAFTA, APEC), the end of the Cold War, and the rapid development of information technologies have contributed to new global economic theories that are being adopted by places large and small. Simply put, economic paradigms have changed. Local concerns have become more prevalent in the public debate over economic, political, and societal changes as a whole. The goal of my research is to determine the most relevant factors in attracting human capital and to examine the effectiveness of public policy decisions aimed at attracting and retaining quality human capital. Since the types of data needed to analyze trends within cities themselves are not readily available for analysis, this work was conducted at the county level. In this study, I argue that analyses of specific demographic variables using descriptive statistics and cluster analyses should indicate that Nashville-Davidson County has a distinct advantage in stocks of human capital over other similarly sized counties, and that this advantage in quality human capital can be linked to job growth in the hightechnology sector. This study's results indicate that Davidson County, Tennessee, has an advantage over other similarly sized counties in the amount and quality of its human capital. This advantage in human capital and the balance of Davidson County's high-tech economic sector (for the variables studied) suggests that Nashville is poised to make great strides economically in the global high-tech economy.
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MacLeod, Chelsea Elizabeth. "Sense of place, an interpretive study of selected residents of Strathcona County, Alberta." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape4/PQDD_0005/MQ59732.pdf.
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Westerman, Rudy J. "Archaeology of Silver Springs State Park, Marion County, Florida." Scholar Commons, 2016. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/6156.
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An archaeological survey was conducted of the Silver Springs State Park in Ocala, Florida, between August 2014 and December 2015. The project goals were to relocate and assess the previously recorded archaeological sites in the park and attempt to discover new sites. Background research, archaeological fieldwork including surface collection, shovel testing, and informant interview were conducted with this aim. Each site is described and addressed, and most were relocated; twelve new resources were added to the inventory. The Silver Springs and Silver River watershed have been occupied from the Paleo-Indian period at least 13,000 years ago through the twentieth century. Sites from each time period are discussed to detail how use of the landscape developed through time but still remained a persistently occupied place with important, albeit changing roles. Finally, management and research recommendations are provided to assist the state park staff and future archaeologists working in the area.
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Penner, Scott D. "Agony and the black church in William Faulkner's Yoknapatawpha County." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1995. http://www.tren.com.
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Barnes, Laquita Dawn. "Aging in place: functional environments: a survey and case study in Floyd County, Virginia." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/45085.
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The problem addressed in this study was: What home modifications are made to residential environments to meet the functional capabilities of the aging in place audience? The study was conducted in two phases. In Phase I 102 Floyd
County, Virginia, adults 65 years of age or older were interviewed in order to identify their task capabilities and identify the modifications being made to meet their environmental needs and task capabilities. Phase II consisted of a case study of six females taken from the Phase I sample group. This section of the study focused on the modifications identified in Phase I, the techniques
used, and the reasons they were made.
The findings indicate that 26% of the adults in the study were experiencing difficulty with at least one Activity of Daily Living, 33% were experiencing difficulty with at least one Instrumental Activity of Daily Living. However, like many older adults, these individuals had a relatively high function level and wanted to stay in their home as long as possible. Modifications are being made in order to equalize the participants' function level and the characteristics of the living environment.
Housing education programs should be targeted toward the elderly and their family members and provide more information relating to aging in place. Professionals in housing and related fields should have the knowledge
necessary to advise clients on making decisions to help insure their ability to live independently as they age.Master of Science
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Ko, Han Il. "Noncoliform enumeration and identification in potable water, and their senstivity to commonly used disinfectants." Virtual Press, 1997. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1041914.
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Tap water collected according to standard methods was examined for microbial presence. Epifluorescent diagnoses using redox probe 5-cyano-2,3ditolyl tetrazolium chloride (CTC), 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI), and acridine orange (AO) were employed for direct evidence of microorganisms. Evidence of total (DAPI or AO), respiring (CTC) bacteria, and heterotrophic plate count (HPC) was determined on multiple occasions during the summer, fall, and winter 1996-1997. Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter sp., Bacillus licheniformis, and Methylobacterium rhodinum were isolated and identified by the API and Biolog system using GN and GP procedures. On the basis of comparisons presented in this study between the CTC method and the standard HPC procedure, it appeared that the number of CTC-reducing bacteria in the tap water samples was typically higher than that determined by HPC, indicating that many respiring bacteria detected by the CTC reduction technique fail to produce visible colonieson the agar media used. In the seasonal data obtained by the CTC method, no difference was shown among respiring bacterial counts obtained from June through January. In the examination of P. aeruginosa viability in presence of chlorine, the number of CTC-positive bacteria exceeded the number of CFU by more than 2 logs after exposure to chlorine, suggesting that reliance on HPC overestimate the efficacy of disinfection treatment. In inactivation assays using the Biolog MT plate, no sensitivity to chlorine or chloramine disinfectants was noted even at high concentration levels (5 mg/liter). Following initial drop, bacterial activities increased as contact time increased. Thus, it appears that the MT microplate provides too low a cell concentration, too great a contact time, and/or too low a concentration of tetrazolium dye within the well for successful analysis of disinfectant capability to selected bacterial strains isolated from distribution water.Department of Biology
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Vilon-Guezo, Neeskens Christian. "La mise en place d’un droit de la concurrence harmonisé en Afrique et ses mécanismes de mise en œuvre." Thesis, Perpignan, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PERP0006.
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Dans un contexte de surabondance d’Organisations d’Intégrations Régionales induisant une pluralité de législations communautaires sur le droit de la concurrence,nous pouvons aisément constater qu’un même Etat appartient à différentes Organisations régionales.Dans ce cadre, lorsqu’il y a un contentieux sur la concurrence, ce foisonnement législatif communautaire engendrera de sérieux conflits de compétences et de risque de recoupement de ces différentes normes.S’il est une évidence que le droit de la concurrence est un instrument juridique impératif dans tout processus d’intégration, il n’en demeure pas aussi moins que la garantie de promotion et de sécurisation de l’investissement en est primordiale.Les solutions que nous avons proposées pour concilier l’application simultanée et sans heurts des différentes normes communautaires existantes sur le droit de la concurrence tout en garantissant une sécurité juridique et judiciaire aux entreprises sont nombreuses.C’est dire que l’étude met un accent sur l’adoption d’une norme harmonisée en Afrique afin de mettre en place une politique de la concurrence saine et crédible qui prendrait en compte d’une part les intérêts des différents acteurs économiques et d’autre part des consommateurs.Ainsi nous parviendrons à un véritable instrument juridique d’ouverture économique qui faciliterait l’accès des marchés africainsIn a context of overabundance of regional organisation of Integration leading toseveral community legislations on the competition law, we can easily notice that thesame states belong to these different organisations.Within this framework, when there is litigation about the competition, thiscommunity legislative abundance will lead to serious conflicts of competences andreinterruption risks of these different norms.If it is an abvious fact that, the competition law is an imperative legal instrument inevery integration process, it is not less important that the safeguard of promotion andreassurance of investment is vital.The solution we suggested to reconcile the smoothly simultaneous application of thedifferent community norms existing on the competition law by safeguarding a legaland judicial security to the companies are many.That is, the study emphasizes on the adoption of an harmonized norm inAfrica in order to put in place a politic of a safe and credible competition that willstake into account on the one hand the interests of the different economic actors andon the other hand of the consumers.In this way, we will reach a real legal instrument of economic aperture that will enable the access to African markets
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Vanderpool, Emily. "Bioarchaeological Investigations of Community and Identity at the Avondale Burial Place (McArthur Cemetery), Bibb County, Georgia." Digital Archive @ GSU, 2011. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/anthro_theses/56.
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This study conducts a multi-isotopic bioarchaeological analysis of the Avondale Burial Place (McArthur Cemetery), a recently discovered Emancipation-era African American cemetery near Macon, GA. Stable isotopic analyses were performed on available dental remains in order to reconstruct the diet and demography of the individuals buried at McArthur Cemetery. Specifically, δ18O and δ13C were characterized in tooth enamel and examined in tandem with collaborative osteological and mortuary analyses to reconstruct early-life diet and residential origin. The results suggest that members of the Avondale community buried in McArthur did not experience significant mobility, but rather resided in the area for most of their lives. Overall, these results greatly contribute to the genealogical research of McArthur Cemetery’s descendants as well as the fragmented history of the South by exploring whether the individuals in this community took part in the Great Migration following the Civil War.
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O'Toole, William M. "A basic cell/small group training course for an intentional church plant in Platte County, Missouri." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 2004. http://www.tren.com.
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O'Toole, William M. (William Michael). "A basic cell/small group training course for an intentional church plant in Platte County, Missouri." Online full text .pdf document, available to Fuller patrons only, 2004. http://www.tren.com.
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Ministry research project (D. Min.)--Midwestern Baptist Theological Seminary, 2004.Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Doctor of Ministry Degree. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 94-96).
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Sinclair, Donna Lynn. "Contested Visions of Place: People, Power, and Perception on the Columbia's North Shore, 1805-1913." PDXScholar, 2004. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/3068.
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This is a narrative of place, of intersections between people, power, and perception of landscape. The environs of the Columbia River Gorge create a very distinct sense of place. Where once a series of three rapids - the Cascades of the Columbia - blocked industrial upriver transport, now Bonneville Dam and Locks allows smooth passage. To the north the vast 1.3 million acre Gifford Pinchot National Forest dominates the landscape. On the Columbia's banks lies the town of Stevenson, Washington, with Carson a few miles away, in a transitory ecological zone between east and west, at the forest's edge. There, community development has been manifestly influenced by human relationships to the landscape.
Contested visions of place during the nineteenth century resulted in violent conflict and framed debates over place.Examining struggles over who would control access, first to the Cascades of the Columbia, and then to the timber of the Wind River Valley, provides a venue for examining power - of nature, ideas, and changing human cultures as overlapping groups imposed their views of the good life onto the landscape. As each successive group gained power, the relationships of humans to the land, and to one another, changed.
By examining historic connections between river and forest, and between human communities to each, this study identifies multiple meanings of the same environment for different groups. I use a bioregional approach, exploring relationships between land, people and resources on the Columbia's north bank between 1805 and 1913. Power relations at the Cascades and in the forest were determined through conflict, negotiation, and the federal government, with the human relationship to nature influencing outcomes. Conflict often resulted from struggles over access to place, while human groups negotiated their place within the landscape. Nature privileged one group over another through disease, fire, and human perception, while the United States government co-opted place through public land laws, Indian removal, and by measuring and bounding the landscape. Who gained access to the river and forest of the Columbia's north shore, and how they did it, is the focus of this story.
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Naylor, Elaine. "It's going to be a place of commercial importance, frontier boosterism in Jefferson County, Washington, 1850-1890." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp02/NQ56250.pdf.
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Guilhaume, Chantal. "Impact pharmacoéconomique de la mise en place du pharmaceuticalCare (soins pharmaceutiques) en Amérique du nord." Paris 5, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA05P115.
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Janovicek, Nancy. "Finding a place, the politics of feminist organizing against spousal assault in Ottawa and Lanark County, 1970-1982." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp04/mq26923.pdf.
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Janovicek, Nancy Carleton University Dissertation Canadian Studies. "Finding a place: The politics of feminist organizing against spousal assault in Ottawa and Lanark County, 1970-1982." Ottawa, 1997.
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