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1
IBEAWUCHI, J. A., and D. M. DALYOP. "COMPOSITION AND QUALITY OF FRESH COW MILK OFFERED FOR SALE IN PARTS OF PLATEAU STATE OF NIGERIA." Nigerian Journal of Animal Production 22, no. 1 (January 6, 2021): 81–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.51791/njap.v22i1.2038.
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The gross composition and quality of fresh cow milk purchased from Fulani milk vendors in three locations of Plateau State were investigated. Milk quality was assessed by the methylene blue reduction test while bacterial contamination was by the agar plate count and the direct microscopic count. The mean contents of total solids, butterfat, protein and ash of a total of 100 samples from Barkin Ladi, Jos and Bukuru markets were 12.45, 4.77, 3.90, 0.92; 12.85, 4.50, 3.68, 0.93; and 12.41, 5.26, 3.72, 0.91% respectively. The proximate constituents did not differ significantly between locations. The methylene blue test indicated that only 23.5% of the sample were of good quality while 41.2 and 35.3% were rated fair and poor respectively. No sample merited excellent rating. The agar plate count showed a range of 1.97 x 106 for Bukuru to 2.54 x 106 cells/ml for Jos market. The direct microscopic count showed the highest mean bacteria value for Barkin Ladi samples. The high bacterial counts as observed were probably indicative of poor milking hygiene and handling. It is suggested that such milk should be properly pasteurized before consumption and delivered/marketed early at source to reduce the time for microbial multiplication.
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Essien, Enefiok. "The jurisdiction of State High Courts in Nigeria." Journal of African Law 44, no. 2 (2000): 264–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021855300012249.
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The jurisdiction of State High Courts in Nigeria is to be found in section 236(1) of the 1979 Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria. The section provides:“236(1). Subject to the provisions of this constitution and in addition to such other jurisdiction as may be conferred upon it by law, the High Court of a State shall have unlimited jurisdiction to hear and determine any civil proceedings in which the existence or extent of a legal right, power, duty, liability, privilege, interest, obligation or claim is in issue or to hear and determine any criminal proceedings involving or relating ot any penalty, forfeiture, punishment or other liability in respect of an offence committed by any person.”
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Gomwalk, Nenfort Edward, Lohya Nimzing, John Danjuma Mawak, Nimzing G. Ladep, Stephen B. Dapiap, Demas Damshak, Esther Kim, et al. "Sero-epidemiology of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in Plateau State, Nigeria." Journal of Infection in Developing Countries 6, no. 12 (December 15, 2012): 860–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.3855/jidc.1872.
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Introduction: Previous sentinel surveys of HIV in Nigeria studied pregnant women attending antenatal care, thereby omitting other important high-risk groups. We therefore investigated the prevalence of HIV/AIDS in low- and high-risk populations in the state of Plateau, Nigeria. Methodology: Blood samples were collected by venepuncture from 5,021 adults aged ≥15 years between August and October 2008. At least one major town and one rural community were selected in each Local Government Area (LGA). Samples were initially screened with a rapid HIV testing kit; reactive samples were further tested using Stat Pak. Discordant samples were confirmed using Genie-II. Results: Of 5,021 subjects screened, 245 (4.88%) were seropositive. Local Government prevalence ranged from 0.68% in Bassa to 16.07% in Jos North. On average, LGAs in the Southern Senatorial Zone had higher rates. Most (over 80%) positive cases were younger than 40 years. Females had a significantly higher (6.85%) prevalence than males (2.72%). Age-specific prevalence was higher among females aged 25 to 29 years (2.09%). Risk factors identified for acquisition of HIV infection were previous history of STDs (6, 16.28%); men having sex with men (2, 11.76%); having multiple sexual partners (97; 10.49%); intravenous drug use (10, 7.58%); sharing of sharp objects (20, 4.82%); and history of blood transfusion (21, 3.65%). Conclusion: The seemingly higher prevalence recorded in this survey could be attributed to the inclusion of high- and low-risk groups in the general population, unlike previous reports which studied only antenatal care attendees. This survey provides useful baseline information for further studies.
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Magaji, F. A., A. N. Ocheke, V. C. Pam, T. Afolaramin, J. Musa, A. S. Sagay, and A. I. Zoakah. "Uptake Pattern of HIV Counseling and Testing Services: A 4-Year Review in Plateau State, Nigeria." Journal of BioMedical Research and Clinical Practice 1, no. 2 (June 30, 2018): 183–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.46912/jbrcp.63.
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Plateau state is one of the HIV high-burden states in Nigeria with few people knowing their HIV status as a result of challenges with access to HIV Counseling and Testing (HCT) services. This study was aimed at determining the HCT uptake among the general population as well as the pattern by age and sex in Plateau state. The study was a 4-year descriptive analysis of HCT services in the general population of Plateau state, Nigeria based on data generated between January 2012 and December 2015. The data on HCT services were managed through the electronic Nigerian National HIV/AIDS Response Information Management System (eNNRIMS) which was web-based software. The data was disaggregated by year, age and sex in the software and analysis was done using excel to obtained the proportions and trend of HCT uptake in the general population and by year, age and sex. Out of a total of 495,718 tested for HIV, 400,699 people received their test results giving an 80.8% HCT uptake in Plateau state. The highest (99.7%) HCT uptake was in 2014 and the least (67.7%) was in 2012. The age group 25 – 49 years accounted for nearly two-thirds of HCT uptake. The female population had higher percentages of between 7.2% and 17.6% HCT uptake across the years compared to their male counterparts. The HCT uptake was relatively high, and it was even higher among the female population compared to the HCT uptake among male population in Plateau state Nigeria.
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Felix, Odike, and Alero Akujobi. "Enforcement of Fundamental Rights in National Constitutions: Resolving the Conflict of Jurisdiction between the Federal High Court and State High Court in Nigeria." Beijing Law Review 09, no. 01 (2018): 53–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/blr.2018.91004.
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Ijoma, S., I. Shittu, C. Chinyere, K. A. Olawuyi, D. A. Gado, I. O. Nwagbo, C. A. Meseko, and T. M. Joannis. "Sero-prevalence and serotypes of infectious bronchitis virus in free-range chicken in Plateau state, Nigeria." Sokoto Journal of Veterinary Sciences 18, no. 4 (February 18, 2021): 221–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/sokjvs.v18i4.6.
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Globally, infectious bronchitis (IB) is an important respiratory viral disease responsible for enormous economic losses to poultry farmers. In Nigeria, limited reports on the prevalence and serotypes of the IB virus are available. Here, we investigated the prevalence and serotypes of infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) in chicken in Plateau State. A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out involving 440 apparently healthy free-range local chickens sampled from eleven villages in four Local Government Areas (LGA) of Plateau State. Sera collected from the birds were screened for the presence of four IBV serotypes namely; Massachusetts (Mass), Arkansas (Ark), Connecticut (Con) and Delaware (De-072) using haemagglutinationinhibition (HI) test. In all, a prevalence of 82.95% (n = 365) was recorded. At LGAlevel, prevalence of 79.50%, 47.37%, 95.45% and 100% were recorded in Kanam, Mangu, Qua’an pan and Bassa LGAs, respectively. Based on serotype prevalence, Mass had 89.30% (n = 326); Ark 79.70% (n = 291); Con 88.20% (n = 322) while De-072 was 42.70% (n = 156). There were statistically significant associations between dominant serotype and the LGAs (p≤0.001). This study shows high prevalence of IBwith at least four strains of IBV present in free-range chicken flocks in Plateau State requiring attention for control measures.
Keywords: Free-range chicken; Infectious bronchitis virus; Plateau state, Serosurvey, Serotype
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Okeke, IO, J. Olufu, IE Onah, D. Bako, PM Wang, JO Owobu, AM Muhammad, et al. "Assessment of Haemoparasites of Cattle slaughtered in Jos South Abattoir, Plateau State, Nigeria." NIGERIAN ANNALS OF PURE AND APPLIED SCIENCES 3, no. 1 (July 19, 2020): 103–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.46912/napas.171.
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Haemoparasites are considered as the most important constraints to the health and improved productivity of cattle in sub-Saharan Africa. This study was aimed at determining their prevalence among cattle slaughtered at Jos South abattoir, Plateau state, Nigeria. A total of 200 blood samples were collected between April and May, 2018. Thin and thick blood films were made from the samples and stained with Giemsa and examined microscopically using X100 magnification. A total of 128(64%) cattle were positive for Babesia species. No other haemoparasite were detected. Blood sample of 190(95%) were collected from cattle that were 3 years and above and 10(5%) were from cattle below 3 years. Female and white Fulani cattle were 2 times (POR = 2.29; P < 0.01) and 3 times (POR = 3.19; p < 0.0001) respectively at the risk of a positive result of Babesia species infection, when compared to male cattle and Red Bororo by bivariate analysis. There was no significant difference in the prevalence of Babesia species with respect to age (p = 0.27) and source of cattle (p = 1.00, p =0.96 and p = 0.56) for animals from Plateau, Bauchi and Maiduguri respectively. This study showed a high prevalence of Babsia species infection amongst slaughtered cattle at Jos South abattoir. It confirms the presence of carrier populations of Babesia-infected cattle which both serve as a reservoir of infection for tickvectors, susceptible livestock and humans. Routine screening and treatment of animals to effectively reduce to the barest minimum the prevalence of Babesia species in the study areas is highly recommended.
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Osagie, Ize A., Esther A. Envuladu, Solomon Thilza, Mohammed Amina, Jemie U. Nnanna, Vasita N. Rijam, and Joseph E. Gloria. "Awareness and utilization of contraceptives among males of reproductive age, Jos North, Plateau state, Nigeria." International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 7, no. 8 (July 24, 2020): 2944. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20203367.
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Background: Modern contraceptives are relevant interventions in the reduction of maternal and child morbidity and mortality. Its uptake by females of reproductive age has been found to be influenced by male partners’ awareness and utilization. This study aimed to determine the awareness of contraceptives, utilization prevalence and sociodemographic predictors for use among males of reproductive age in Jos North.Methods: A cross sectional study involving 406 males of reproductive age who were selected by multistage sampling technique. Data was collected using an interviewer-administered semi-structure questionnaire and analysed using SPSS version 23.0. At 95% confidence interval, a p value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results: There was a high awareness prevalence of contraceptives 378 (93.1%). However, the prevalence of current contraceptive use with partners was low 160 (42.3%). Respondents who were single were more likely to use contraceptives than those who were married or separated (OR 1.8; 95% CI 1.109-2.251). Those between the ages of 35-44 years also had a higher likelihood of using modern contraceptives than younger men (OR 2; 95% CI 0.410-2.436). Education, occupation and family size had no statistically significant association with contraceptive use among respondents.Conclusions: Despite the high awareness of modern contraceptives among respondents in this study, utilization with partners was low. Predictors of utilization were being single and being in the third decade of life. This could impact on increased risk for both maternal and child mortality. Male targeted contraceptive education is necessary at community levels to improve uptake.
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Dantani, Umar, Peter Nungshak Wika, and Muhammad Maigari Abdullahi. "The Politics of Security Deployment of Security Operatives to Jos Metropolis, Plateau State, Nigeria 2001-2014." Slovak Journal of Political Sciences 17, no. 1 (January 1, 2017): 95–132. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/sjps-2017-0005.
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Abstract The paper examines the politics of security deployment by the Federal Government of Nigeria to Jos, metropolis. A cross-sectional study was conducted and Public Opinion Theory adopted. Methodologically, mixed methods of data collection were conducted that involved the administration of 377 questionnaires to adult respondents, six In-Depth Interviews with religious and community leaders while three Key Informant Interviews with security personnel working with Special Task Force. The survey reveals that, the deployment of Mobile Police from 2001-2010 and the formation of Special Task Force in 2010 has generated mixed reactions and divergent perceptions among the residents of Jos metropolis. Majority of the ethnic groups that are predominantly Christians were more contented with the deployment of the Mobile Police whereas ethnic groups that are dominantly Muslims questioned the neutrality, capability, performance and strength of the Nigerian Police Force in managing the crises. The study recommends that, security personnel should display high degree of neutrality in order to earn the confidence of the residents and change their perceptions.
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Agwunobi, Desmond Onyeka, Joshua Kamani, Hongyuan Zheng, Lida Guo, Zhijun Yu, and Jingze Liu. "Bacterial Diversity in Rhipicephalus sanguineus (Acari: Ixodidae) from Two States in Nigeria." Journal of Entomological Science 56, no. 2 (April 1, 2021): 256–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.18474/0749-8004-56.2.256.
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Abstract Rhipicephalus sanguineus (Latreille) is the most widely distributed tick species globally and plays a major role in tick-borne pathogen transmission among canine populations. The microbial community of this tick has not been characterized previously in Nigeria. Thus, in this study, the bacterial diversity in R. sanguineus collected from two states in Nigeria was explored using 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing (IonS5TM XL sequencing platform). Three hundred genera (although 18 groups belong to unidentified genera) of bacteria belonging to 22 phyla were detected after pooling and sequencing, indicating a diverse bacterial community profile. At the phylum level, Actinobacteria (47.39%) was the most abundant phylum in the Benue state samples, followed by Proteobacteria (43.87%) and Firmicutes (8.21%), whereas Fusobacteria (38.14%) was the most abundant phylum in Plateau state samples, followed by Bacteroidetes (17.57%) and Firmicutes (17.54%). Proteobacteria accounts for 17% of samples from Plateau state. In general, Cetobacterium (35.86%) was the most abundant genus, followed by an unidentified genus under Corynebacteriaceae (29.94%) and Stenotrophomonas (19.52%). Coxiella spp., one common endosymbiont found in various tick species, was present in R. sanguineus. This study provides a baseline of knowledge of the bacterial microbiome of R. sanguineus in Nigeria. Nonpathogenic bacteria species were prevalent, and not much is known about their role. Thus, their composition, functional, and ecologic implications merit further investigation because this will aid in the subsequent management of ticks and tick-borne diseases.
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Miner, Kangyang Josiah, Isaac Tebogo Rampedi, Ayodeji Peter Ifegbesan, and Fannie Machete. "Survey on Household Awareness and Willingness to Participate in E-Waste Management in Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria." Sustainability 12, no. 3 (February 2, 2020): 1047. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12031047.
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Nearly 290,000 tons of electronic waste was generated in Nigeria during the year 2017, which is likely to increase further due to high population growth rates, accelerated urbanization, high demand for electronic products, as well as disposal at their end-of-life. At the same time, e-waste is associated with negative human health impacts, as well as environmental pollution. Therefore, environmental awareness on this waste stream is crucial in its management and possible minimization. In this paper, we report on a survey which investigated awareness levels and knowledge amongst households in the Jos metropolis, Plateau State (Nigeria). We interviewed 228 respondents by means of close-ended questionnaires. The results indicated that cell phones (93%) and television sets (82%) were mentioned by most respondents. The main reasons for acquiring these electronic devices entailed the replacement of damaged ones (49.6%), frequent product upgrades (37.7%), as well as theft (35.55%), amongst others. The most predominant method of disposing e-waste included illegal dumping in open spaces along with other household wastes (25%), storing it at home indefinitely (27.6%), and selling it to others for possible reuse (17.5%). Although the handling and storage of this waste is currently inappropriate, most respondents (84.2%) were willing to participate in its management provided they are given appropriate knowledge (89.9%) on its safe disposal and recycling. Lastly, we found no significant correlation between existing awareness levels on e-waste and willingness to participate in its management based on the socio-demographical profile of respondents. Thus, we recommend educational interventions on sound e-waste management in the Jos metropolis, along with a systematic analysis of how policy interventions such as the extended producer responsibility schemes can be designed for effective e-waste management and recycling amongst all stakeholders.
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Ezihe, J. A. C., V. U. Oboh, and A. A. Hyande. "Loan Repayment among Sm all-Holder Maize Farmers in Kanke Local Government Area of Plateau State, Nigeria." Current Agriculture Research Journal 2, no. 1 (June 30, 2014): 30–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.12944/carj.2.1.04.
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The main objectives of this study were to access the loan repayment performance of small-holder maize farmers in Kanke Local Government Area of Plateau State. A sample of 90 farmers was randomly selected and analyzed using percentages, means, and multiple regression. Results show that farmers received on average of ₦75,000 as loan. A large proportion of the farmers adopted mixed varieties of maize. Untimely loan disbursement, low market price of farm produce, and high interest rate were the major constraints militating against loan repayment. It was recommended that more credit from formal sources should be made available in large loan size to farmers. In addition, loan disbursement should be timely to avoid diversion while successful applicants should be trained on proper loan management.
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Ohemu, Temitayo Lucia, David Shalkur, Benson Okpe Ohemu, and Peter Daniel. "Knowledge, attitude and practice of traditional medicine among people of Jos South Local Government Area of Plateau State, Nigeria." Journal of Pharmacy & Bioresources 18, no. 2 (September 6, 2021): 147–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/jpb.v18i2.7.
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Studies and documentation on the current knowledge and practices of traditional medicine among African communities are lacking particularly in this era of modern health care expansion. This study aimed at assessing the knowledge, attitude and practice of traditional medicine in Jos South Local Government Area (LGA) of Plateau State, Nigeria. A systemic random sampling technique was employed for this study. A semi-structured open and closed ended questionnaire was used to collect data through house to house interview among 300 participants identified for the study. The data was then analysed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) Version 20.0 (Chicago, SPSS Inc.). The studies revealed two hundred and seventy four (94.8%) have heard about traditional medicine, while two hundred and forty two (83.7%) of them have used traditional medicine once or more in their life time, especially for the treatment of malaria and fever. One hundred and eleven (38.4%) of the respondents preferred using both traditional and modern medicine. The prevalence of Traditional Medicine patronage in Jos South LGA, Plateau state is high and this may be related to the socio-cultural acceptability, easy accessibility, and affordability of Traditional Medicine.
Keywords: Knowledge; Attitude; Practice; Traditional Medicine; Nigeria
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Coker-Farrell, Elizabeth Y. S., Fabong Jemchang Yildam, Moses Farrell Luka, and Hikmet Secim. "Enhancing high performance of emergency unit by improving the management emergency team system of the Plateau State Specialist Hospital Nigeria." Journal of Hospital Administration 4, no. 6 (October 10, 2015): 123. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/jha.v4n6p123.
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There are challenges with the management of the emergency units of healthcare organizations in Nigeria; these have been observed from the high mortality rate, high level of left before examination (LBE) of the patients, low response time to acute care patients and poor turnaround time by the healthcare givers to address emergency situations. Therefore there is an urgent need to address the situation and solve the problems best ways possible by improving the management emergency team (MET) system of the healthcare organization. These was achieved by quantitative methodology application through the distribution of questionnaires, interviews and personal observation of the situation, hence improving the quality and quantity of the man power which is the human resources with qualified and well trained medical personnel, adding also to the management emergency team are police protocol officers who can give police report immediately for unconscious accident victims on arrival for emergency treatment, eliminating need for unavailable consent form before treatment, adding intensive training programs for MET system, emergency hotlines and ambulance assistance for patients, adequate supplies of oxygen and facilities that are up-to-date for the emergency unit. These solutions have increased the stability of the emergency unit, lower mortality rate, increased the efficiency of the team, improved response time, higher survival rate, improving the staff efficiency and effectiveness, after which it is observed that the emergency unit is on high-performance level, with good survey feedback by patients and their relatives.
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Alloh, Bo. "An Evaluation of the Enforcement of Fundamental Rights and the Controversy of Jurisdiction of the Federal and State High Courts in Nigeria." Africa Journal of Comparative Constitutional Law 2020 (2020): 59–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.47348/ajcl/2020/a3.
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This article examines the issue of jurisdiction between various high courts on the enforcement of fundamental rights in Nigeria. Fundamental rights are derived from the constitution and are expressly entrenched in the constitution of a country. They vary from one country to another and are specifically enacted in a country’s constitution in line with the history and culture of the country. In Nigeria, jurisdiction is vested in both State and Federal High Courts with respect to the enforcement of fundamental rights. However, the jurisdiction of the State High Courts is ousted and donated to the Federal High Courts, once a case on fundamental rights falls under section 251 of the 1999 Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria. The researcher adopted the doctrinal method of research. The objective of this article is to reveal that the concurrent jurisdiction of both the Federal and State High Courts to hear and determine applications to secure the enforcement of fundamental rights has led to years of seemingly unsettled controversies, academically and procedurally. However, this controversy has been settled in the case of FUT Minna v Olutayo. This article concludes that the Supreme Court decision in the case of FUT Minna v Olutayo supports the realisation of the enforcement of fundamental rights in Nigeria.
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Banwat, ME, LA Lar, PO Odunze, and C. Ogbonna. "Assessment of Sexual Knowledge, Perception and Practices among Secondary School Adolescents in Rural Community, Nigeria." Journal of Epidemiological Society of Nigeria 1 (February 28, 2017): 10–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.46912/jeson.9.
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Background: Adolescence is characterized by experimentation into sexual activities. When adolescents leave home to reside in boarding secondary schools, peer pressure can result in voluntary and involuntary sexual activity even when they don't know about its immediate and long term health practices of adolescents in boarding secondary schools in a rural community, in Plateau State. effects. This survey aimed at assessing background sexuality knowledge, perception and
Methods: A cross-sectional study of 1019 secondary school students sampled using proportionate sampling technique from three rural schools in Plateau State. Data obtained from them using self-administered questionnaires, were analyzed using EPI INFO version 3.5.3 and STATA 13. Chi square test and Multiple Logistic Regression were the statistical tests used and the p-value was set at p < 0.05.
Results: Majority of the students (57.7%) had good sexuality knowledge although 89.1% of them felt confident to refuse a sexual advance. There was a significant relationship between their sex and level of confidence. A high proportion of respondents (40.5%) were sexually active and there was an association between their sex and age of onset, and whether first sexual act was voluntary or not. The odds of an adolescent being sexually active are six times as likely if aged between 19-21years; and seven times as likely, if lacking self-confidence.
Conclusion: A high proportion of the students had good sexuality knowledge and was sexually active. There is need for proper sexuality education and life skills trainings from reliable sources for school-aged adolescents.
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Omosule, Sedara Samuel, and Joshua E.O. "Evaluation of The Existing State of Geothermal Exploration and Development in Nigeria." JOURNAL OF ADVANCES IN PHYSICS 2, no. 2 (December 30, 2006): 118–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.24297/jap.v2i2.2098.
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Relatively little expenditure for hydroelectricity and fossil fuels have had a restraining influence on levels of exploration and development for geothermal energy resources in Nigeria for the past several years. The focus of development has been in the areas of low temperature geothermal energy involving the exploration and assessment of hot spring resources primarily for recreational applications – although possibly for other direct uses depending on local infrastructure and access to appropriate energy markets. The geological structure of Nigeria influences geothermal exploration extent within each geological province. Sedimentary basins in Nigeria have been explored for hydrocarbons for several decades, thus the oil companies collected large subsurface temperature data basis. But not much is known about geothermal conditions within Nigerian Precambrian crystalline province. On the basis of BHT data from oil wells it has been found that geothermal gradient in Niger Delta ranges from 1.5 to 4.9°C/100m and in Anambra Basin (directly to the north) it can reach 5.7°C/100m. Exploration for geothermal energy in northern Nigeria based on shallow water wells (down to 600 m deep) was carried out over 20 years ago. The other aspect of geothermal exploration in Nigeria is investigating of the thermal springs and seepages, which occur mainly within sediments of the Middle and Upper Benue Trough. The water of the warmest springs in that area: Akiri and Ruwan Zafi have the temperature about 56°C and it suggests the occurrence of some geothermal anomalies. So far, there are probably only three (direct) geothermal energy utilisation sites in Nigeria. The Ikogosi warm spring (37°C) located in south-western part of the country, in Ekiti state, the Wikki warm spring (39°C) located in Bauchi (North-eastern) part of Nigeria and the Rafin Rewa spring (42°C) located in Plateau (North-central) state of Nigeria. Hence this paper reviews the current status of the geothermal industry (both high and low temperature) in Nigeria.
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Daboer, JC, OY Sodipo, L. Okoro, IC Maimagani, JM Dogo, O. Ahgu, YO Tagurum, et al. "Comparison of Lassa fever prevention practices between public and private primary health care facilities in Jos, Plateau state, Nigeria." Journal of Epidemiological Society of Nigeria 2 (July 18, 2020): 79–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.46912/jeson.26.
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Background: Lassa fever is endemic in Nigeria and health care workers are at a high risk of contracting and transmitting the infection. This study compares Lassa fever prevention practices among health care providers in public and private Primary Health Care facilities in Jos.Methods: The study used a comparative cross-sectional design to study health care workers in 29 Primary Health Care facilities selected using a two-stage sampling technique. All health care workers who attended to patients were interviewed using a semistructured interviewer-administered questionnaire. Data were analysed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 23 and a p-value of ≤ 0.5 was considered statistically significant.Results: Majority of the respondents had neither received on-the-job training on Lassa fever prevention (91.9%) nor Universal Standard Precautions (88.7%). Private Primary Health Care facilities had better supplies and equipment for Lassa fever prevention compared to their public counterparts. Majority (65.8%) of respondents had poor Lassa fever prevention practices and this was worse in the private (75.4%) than the public (55.6%) facilities. No facility met all the requirements for Lassa fever prevention. Training had a statistically significant association with good practice among public Primary Health Care facilities. Conclusion: Noncompliance with Lassa fever prevention practice is still common in Primary Health Care facilities. This is worse in private facilities. Continuous training and improved supplies of materials and equipment are necessary for effective Lassa fever prevention among these health care providers.
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Afolaranmi, Tolulope O., Zuwaira I. Hassan, Bulus L. Dawar, Bamkat D. Wilson, Abdulbasit I. Zakari, Kayode K. Bello, Akinyemi O. D. Ofakunrin, and Gabriel O. Ogbeyi. "Knowledge of electronic medical records system among frontline health care workers in Jos University teaching hospital, Plateau State Nigeria." International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences 8, no. 11 (October 28, 2020): 3837. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20204867.
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Background: Electronic Medical Records system (EMRs) in any healthcare system has the potential to transform healthcare in terms of saving costs, reducing medical errors, improving service quality, increasing patients’ safety, decision-making, saving time, data confidentiality, and sharing medical. Evidence on the current state of EMR system in Nigeria health system particularly its knowledge among health professionals is limited. Hence, this study was conducted to assess the level of knowledge EMRs among frontline health care workers in a tertiary health institution in Jos, Plateau State.Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted between April and August 2019 among 228 frontline health care workers in Jos University Teaching Hospital using quantitative method of data collection. SPSS version 20 was used for data analysis and a p-value of ≤ 0.05 considered statistically significant.Results: The mean age of the respondents in this study was 35 ± 8 years with 93 (40.8%) being 36 years and above. The overall level of knowledge of EMRs was adjudged to be good among 163 (71.5%) of the participants. Category (pharmacists) of the respondents was found to influence good knowledge of EMRs (OR = 1.37; 95% CI = 1.007 – 1.865; p = 0.045).Conclusions: This study has demonstrated a relatively high level of good knowledge of EMRs with variation existing along the categories of health care workers bringing to light the existence of a good knowledge base in the light of future EMRs implementation.
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Auwal, Musa M., Jibrin M. Yelwa, Ibrahim Abubakar, Jamilu B. Umar, Hussaina G. Anchau, and Fatima B. Tanimu. "The Levels of Antinutritional Factors in Moringa Oleifera and Vernomia Amygdalina Leaves Found in Some Part of Plateau State, Nigeria." Oriental Journal of Physical Sciences 4, no. 2 (January 6, 2020): 65–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.13005/ojps04.02.06.
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In this research work, various materials were used and they include; apparatus such as fume cupboard, measuring cylinder, spatula, centrifuge, pipette and reagent such as Na2CO3, CaCl2, H2SO4, HCl, AgNO3. The nutrient composition of V. Amydalina are: Phytate 11.9 ± 0.01 (mg/100g), oxalate 244.02 ± 0.57 (mg/100g), tannins 1.28 ± 0.50 (mg/100g), alkaloid 1.66 ± 0.01%, HCN 2036.00 ± 0.58 (mg/100g) and M. oleifera are: phytate 10.58 ± 0.01 (mg/100g), oxalate 334.33 ± 0.67 (mg/100g), tannin 8.19 ± 0.01 (mg/100g), alkaloid 1.72 ± 0.01% and HCN 3998.30 ± 0.49 (mg/100g). These results showed that V. Amydalina leaves could be a bioresources for Zn as a result of the low level of phytate. But they are not Cu bioavailable resources due to the high level of oxalate. Hence, people are encouraged to utilize V. amydalina and M. oleifera leaves as a good source of micronutrient particularly those prove to be bioavailable.
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Akintobi, Olarenwaju S., Julius Ajah, and Edwin E. Edu. "AN ASSESSMENT OF LABOUR DAILY WAGE RATE FOR AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION ACTIVITIES IN THE NORTH CENTRAL ZONE, NIGERIA." FUDMA JOURNAL OF SCIENCES 5, no. 1 (June 25, 2021): 165–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.33003/fjs-2021-0501-550.
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The study evaluated small-scale farmers’ access to human labour in North Central Nigeria. Multi-stage random sampling technique was used for sample selection while questionnaires were used for data collection. A total of 1,750 farmers were randomly interviewed. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and two-way mixed factorial analysis of variance and mean separation was done at 5% probability level. Result revealed labour wage per rate significantly (P < 0.05) dependent on the labour category, the location (state) and the effect of both human labour type and location (state). Mean separation showed adult male is the highest paid while young female is the least paid, while Kwara State has the highest labour wage rate and plateau State has the lowest wage rate per day. Based on the findings, the research concluded that small scale farmers access to labour based on wage rate is low, cost of agricultural labour is high which has resulted increased cost of production for the small-scale farmers. The study recommends among others that combine hiring should be encouraged among farmers for the adoption of expensive labour saving technologies/ implements
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Garba, Ahmed Salisu. "Permissible Limitations to Freedom of Religion and Belief in Nigeria." Religion & Human Rights 15, no. 1-2 (April 23, 2020): 57–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18710328-bja10009.
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Abstract The application of permissible limitations to restrict freedom of religion and belief in Nigeria continues to generate debate among scholars. This article applies a socio-legal methodology to analyse the legal rationale that Nigerian courts have used in cases concerning limitations to freedom of religion or belief. First, the article explores the history of the legal frameworks for the protection of freedom of religion and belief including its limitation in Nigeria. Second, the article analyses Nigerian courts’ interpretation of the concept with specific reference to the legal rational used. Third, the article investigates the application of the proportionality test to balance the regulatory power of the state and citizens’ right to practice their religion. The article engages with case-law on freedom of religion, mostly from High courts and Court of Appeal in Nigeria. The article contains contributions from several scholars, religious groups, public officials, Non-Governmental Organisations obtained through interviews at their various offices.
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Okoh, Elizabeth Onyi, Esther Awazzi Envuladu, Chundung Asabe Miner, Amina Mohammed, Gloria Nengi Ode, and Ayuba Ibrahim Zoakah. "A comparative study on the effect of household water treatment on diarrhoea morbidity among under-fives in Plateau State, Nigeria using two treatment modalities." International Journal of Scientific Research and Management 8, no. 05 (May 19, 2020): 1789–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.18535/ijsrm/v8i05.mp03.
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Background: Consumption of unsafe water contributes to diarrhoeal burden in sub-Sahara Africa. This burden can be reduced by simple and affordable methods of household water treatment. The study aims at comparing the effect of two of such methods on diarrheal burden among under-fives in rural communities of Plateau State.
Methodology: A community-based quasi experimental study was conducted among 202 underfive-caregiver pairs in two selected rural communities of Plateau State, involving household water treatment with flocculant-disinfectant powder in intervention group and sodium hypochlorite solution in control group respectively. History of diarrhoea before intervention, at 2 weekly intervals during the intervention and after intervention was assessed. Data obtained was analyzed using SPSS version 23. Prevalence and incidence of diarrhoea were calculated and compared among the two groups.
Result: Diarrhoea prevalence at pre-intervention was 19.6% in flocculant-disinfectant group and 17.0% in sodium hypochlorite group. At post intervention, the prevalence reduced significantly by 94.7% (19.6% to 1%) in intervention group and by 76.5% (17% to 4.2%) in control group. There was no statistical significant difference in the prevalence of diarrhoea between the two groups, however, diarrhoea incidence in the sodium hypochlorite group (1.12 episode per child per year) was significantly higher than the incidence in the flocculant-disinfectant group (0.59 episodes per child per year) with a risk-ratio of 1.93 (95% CI: 1.037 - 3.703).
Conclusion: Household water treatment with flocculant-disinfectant reduced diarrhoea burden better than sodium hypochlorite. This technology should be made more available and assessible to rural communities where diarrhea burden is high.
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Jatau, Andrew Audu. "Factors Associated with Maternal Health Problems and Strategies for Promoting Safe Motherhood amongst Pregnant Married Women in Kanke LGA, Plateau State, Nigeria." International Letters of Social and Humanistic Sciences 32 (June 2014): 106–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.18052/www.scipress.com/ilshs.32.106.
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This study determined the factors associated with maternal health problems and strategies for promoting safe motherhood amongst pregnant married women in Kanke LGA. Survey research design was employed for the study. The population of the study consisted of pregnant married women. Questionnaire was the instrument used for data collection. The findings of the study revealed that factors associated with maternal health problems of semi-urban and rural pregnant married women were: pelvic inflammatory diseases, cultural beliefs and traditional practices, maternal mortality and vesico-vaginal fistulae. The factors associated with maternal health problems among age 15 – 30 and 31+ pregnant married women were: poverty, hypertension in pregnancy and prolonged labour. The perceived strategies for promoting safe motherhood were: improving the skills of community health workers, screening of high risk pregnant mothers, even distribution of health care personnel and elimination of cultural beliefs and traditional practices. There was significant difference in the factors associated with maternal health problems amongst semi-urban and rural pregnant married women. There was significant difference in the perceived strategies for promoting safe motherhood between semi-urban and rural pregnant married women. Based on the findings of the study, recommendations on how to curtail the maternal health problems of pregnant women were proffered.
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Goyol, Simi, and Chaminda Pathirage. "Farmers Perceptions of Climate Change Related Events in Shendam and Riyom, Nigeria." Economies 6, no. 4 (December 19, 2018): 70. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/economies6040070.
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Although agriculture in Nigeria is the major source of income for about 70% of the active population, the impact of agrarian infrastructure on boosting productivity and supporting livelihoods has increased. Climate change and the increasing trend of climate-related events in Nigeria challenge both the stability of agrarian infrastructure and livelihood systems. Based on case studies of two local communities in Plateau state in Nigeria, this paper utilizes a range of perceptions to examine the impacts of climate-related events on agrarian infrastructures and how agrarian livelihood systems are, in turn, affected. Data are obtained from a questionnaire survey (n = 175 farmers) and semi-structured interviews (n = 14 key informants). The study identifies local indicators of climate change, high risks climate events and the components of agrarian infrastructures that are at risk from climate events. Findings reveal that, changes in rainfall and temperature patterns increase the probability of floods and droughts. They also reveal that, although locational differences account for the high impact of floods on road transport systems and droughts on irrigation infrastructures, both have a chain of negative effects on agricultural activities, economic activities and livelihood systems. A binomial logistic regression model is used to predict the perceived impact levels of floods and droughts, while an in-depth analysis is utilized to corroborate the quantitative results. The paper further stresses the need to strengthen the institutional capacity for risk reduction through the provision of resilient infrastructures, as the poor conditions of agrarian infrastructure were identified as dominant factors on the high impact levels.
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Onuwa, C. G., S. S. Mailumo, and S. Y. Muhammed. "PROFITABILITY ANALYSIS AND DETERMINANTS OF GROUNDNUT (Arachis hypogea) PRODUCTION IN DAMBATTA LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF KANO STATE, NIGERIA." Open Journal of Agricultural Science (ISSN: 2734-214X) 1, no. 1 (March 10, 2020): 31–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.52417/ojas.v1i1.91.
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This study analyzed the profitability and determinants of groundnut production in Dambatta Local Government Area of Kano state. Multi-stage sampling technique was used in collecting data from eighty (80) respondents in the study area. The data generated were analyzed using descriptive statistics, farm budgeting model and regression analysis. The results revealed that the gross margin and net farm income of the farmers were N71400/ha and N59400/ha respectively. Also, the fixed and operating ratios were estimated at 0.1 and 0.41 respectively, while the benefit- cost ratio was N1.98. The coefficient of multiple determination (R2) was 0.739, implying that about 74% of the variation in the output of groundnut was accounted for by the explanatory variable inputs in the regression model. The regression coefficients of Farm size(X1) and Credit(X6) were positive and statistically significant at (p< 0.01), labour (X2) and Agrochemical(X5) were also positive and statistically significant at (p< 0.1), while Fertilizer(X4) was also positive and statistically significant at (p<0.05). The major constraints associated with groundnut production in the study area include; inadequate capital (86%), high cost of production inputs (83%) and lack of access to agricultural credit (78%). The study recommended that if these constraints are adequately tackled the productivity and profitability of the groundnut farmers will significantly improve.
Onuwa, C. G. | Department of Agricultural Extension and Management, Federal College of Forestry, Jos, Plateau state, Nigeria
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Emeka, Ekwuluo Celestine, and S. I. Muhammed. "PREVALENCE, PATTERN AND DETERMINANTS OF FAST FOOD CONSUMPTION AMONG SCHOOL AGE CHILDREN IN JOS METROPOLIS, PLATEAU STATE, NIGERIA: AN IMPLICATION FOR NUTRITION EDUCATION." International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 8, no. 3 (May 25, 2020): 266–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v8.i3.2020.151.
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Motivation/Background: In 2001, non-communicable diseases (NCDs) accounted for 60 percent of 56 million deaths worldwide and 47% of global burden of disease. In all countries, evidence suggested underlying determinants of NCDs were largely same. These include increased consumption of rapidly processed energy-dense nutrient-poor foods high in fat, sugar, salt and reduced levels of physical activity. The objective of this study was to determine prevalence, pattern and determinants of fast foods consumption among school age children in Jos metropolis.
Method: In this study, we used descriptive cross-sectional study and included 347 mothers or care givers with children age 6 to 12 years in our sample size. We applied structured interviewer-administered questionnaire during data collection and analyzed the data with SPSS version 21.0.
Results: Prevalence of fast food consumption among school age children in Jos metropolis in the last one week is 91.1%. Knowledge of health risk associated with fast food consumption was 86.5%. Flour based fast food were most commonly consumed. We established an association between meal skipping, fast food advertisement and fast food consumption.
Conclusions: We recommend the need to focus public enlightenment on health risk associated with fast food consumption among school age children. Likewise, children should be encouraged to carry home-made food to school and legislation on fast food advertisement directed at children should be enacted.
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Okonoda, Kingsley M., James T. Obindo, Peter O. Onifade, Duwap M. Makput, and Bawo O. James. "Terrorism catastrophising and hazardous alcohol use among students of a tertiary institution in Jos, Nigeria." International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences 5, no. 5 (April 26, 2017): 1790. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20171482.
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Background: Being a maladaptive means of coping with stress, alcohol abuse may be associated with level of terrorism in a community. Jos has had a number of terrorists’ attacks which have had devastating effects on the city and its environs. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of terrorism catastrophizing, hazardous alcohol use as well as the relationship between terrorism catastrophizing and hazardous alcohol use among students of the Plateau State Polytechnic, Jos Campus.Methods: A cross sectional study of 230 students in the departments of accountancy, business administration and management who completed self-administered questionnaires during one of their classes following a random cluster sampling of departments.Results: The TCS showed that 43.5% of the participants had terrorism catastrophizing. Pearson correlation showed a high significant positive correlation (p<0.05) across the three dimensions of terrorism catastrophizing: rumination, r=0.807; magnification, r=0.726; and helplessness, r=0.754. However, no significant correlation exists between terrorism catastrophising (rumination, magnification and helplessness), alcohol use disorder, r = -0.016, p = 0.817 (AUDITc), and problem drinking behavior, r= -0.157, p=0.06.Conclusions: There was no positive correlation between terrorism catastrophizing and hazardous alcohol drinking.
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Daniel, Maren Mallo, Joseph Tanko Nkup, and Nenrot Gombwer Wuyokwe. "Property Tax Reform and Urban Housing Production and Consumption in Nigeria." Baltic Journal of Real Estate Economics and Construction Management 8, no. 1 (January 1, 2020): 170–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/bjreecm-2020-0012.
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Abstract In the past decade, the Nigerian government has witnessed dwindling revenues owing to fluctuating oil prices. This has necessitated the search for alternative revenue sources. For the authorities in Jos, the administrative city of Plateau State in north-central Nigeria, taxes within housing production and consumption loop were thought to be the easiest catch. Accordingly, the authorities intensified the generation of land titling fee, capital gains tax, value added tax, land use charge, ground rent, development permits, probate fee, withholding tax among others. These efforts came with some implication for urban housing. The paper aims to provide an understanding of this and it employed a wide range of secondary data of quantitative and qualitative forms in pursuits of two objectives. The first objective examined how property taxes were administered and found that multiple agencies were involved in tax administration and, as a result, double taxation occurred in land titling, seeking of development permits and probate. Furthermore, sporadic land and property registration impeded the development of a cadastre, thereby allowing the government to arbitrarily and outrageously apply taxes, which tax payers tried to evade through informal house building and property transactions. The second objective analysed the impact of property taxation and found that taxes accounted for a high cost of new housing and residential rentals but also had the potentials of stimulating housing production and consumption. Recommendations that could help the government generate revenue from taxing properties while also incentivising housing production and consumption were offered.
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R.I, Umejiaku. "Access to Credit on the Growth of Women Entrepreneurs in Jos, Plateau State: The Influence of Financial Support Services." International Journal of social Sciences and Economic Review 2, no. 1 (March 23, 2020): 25–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.36923/ijsser.v2i1.51.
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Purpose of the study: The activities of women represent an untapped source of economic growth in any developing economy, and entrepreneurship is one way of using that vast pool of human resources as intermediaries for wealth creation. For this reason, the strong linkage between financial sector services and women entrepreneurship has continued to generate tremendous interest among researchers, practitioners, policymakers, and other stakeholders both at the national and international levels. The primary goal remains how to deepen financial inclusion of women to enhance their participation in entrepreneurship activities.
Methodology: The study thus examines the influence of financial support services on the performance of women entrepreneurs in Jos, Plateau state. The study adopted a descriptive research design and applied multiple regression techniques for empirical analysis.
Findings: Findings from the analysis revealed that financial credit awareness has a positive and significant impact on the growth of women entrepreneurs in Jos metropolis. This is basically because most women entrepreneurs have received invaluable business information from the financial sector, which has gone a long way to impact positively on the development of their business in Plateau state. Similarly, access to credit had no significant influence on the growth of women entrepreneurs in Jos metropolis. Lack of collateral, inadequate income statement, and high interest charged on loans made access to credit difficult for women entrepreneurs residing in Jos metropolis, and thus, it has stagnated their business growth. In addition, financial guarantor has an insignificant impact on the growth of women entrepreneurs.
Application: Based on these findings, financial institutions should strive to reduce the stringent conditions attached to loan guarantors to ensure easy accessibility of credit by women entrepreneurs to realize a significant impact on their entrepreneurial contribution to the productivity in the state.
Novelty/Originality: There is need for the government to develop a policy that will enhance credit assurance services and improve financial information infrastructure for financial accessibility of women-owned businesses in Nigeria
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Majekodunmi, Ayodele O. "Social transitions in the Savannah." International Journal of Social Economics 45, no. 3 (March 5, 2018): 535–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijse-08-2016-0218.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is twofold: first, to explore social risk management strategies amongst Fulani in the subhumid zone of Nigeria; and second, to determine current status and nature of reciprocal exchange networks, risk pooling and social support for pastoral livelihoods in North-Central Nigeria. Design/methodology/approach Surveys of cattle productivity and pastoral livelihoods were carried out amongst Fulani pastoralists on the Jos Plateau: between 2008 and 2013 using participatory epidemiology methods and the sustainable livelihoods framework. Qualitative and quantitative data on livelihood activities, knowledge, attitudes and practices of animal husbandry and disease control, wealth grouping, herd entries and exits was gathered to determine the current state of cattle productivity and pastoral livelihoods in the study area. Findings Results show that reciprocal exchange networks for risk management have mostly disintegrated and patron-client relationships have become an important social risk management strategy. Practical implications This research has significant implications for sustainability of Fulani livelihoods and communities: decreased social risk-management strategies and increased self-reliance means that the most vulnerable households will find it more difficult to withstand shocks and climb out of poverty. Wealthier households may cope better with high incidence/low severity shocks like but are more vulnerable to low incidence/high severity shocks. Likewise, decreased social cohesion reduces the ability of communities to mobilise and act collectively in the face of community-level shocks. This is very important for engagement with the state – a crucial process, given current levels of acrimony and conflict. Originality/value Given the high levels of farmer-herder conflict and civil unrest in this region over the past 15 years this research is valuable in providing insights into economic drivers of conflict, current dynamics of pastoral livelihoods and social cohesion within and between communities.
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OLUJOBI, Olusola Joshua, Adenike A. ADENIJI, Olabode A. OYEWUNMI, and Adebukola E. OYEWUNMI. "Commercial Dispute Resolution: Has Arbitration Transformed Nigeria’s Legal Landscape?" Journal of Advanced Research in Law and Economics 9, no. 1 (September 23, 2018): 204. http://dx.doi.org/10.14505//jarle.v9.1(31).25.
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The adoption of arbitration in the light of its well established attributes promotes confidence levels in the general businesses environment, enhances institutional trust, whilst also developing practical compromise resolution mechanisms. However, Nigeria, a developing economy has not matched policy intent with commercial realities, particularly in terms of broad based integration and utilization of arbitral tools. This trend is not sustainable in the light of the renewed efforts to promote enhanced justice delivery; lower administrative costs and the urgent need to optimize the capabilities of the judicial arm of government. The paper assessed specific arbitral provisions of selected, State High Court Civil Procedures Rules, and on this basis critiqued the arbitral visibility and incorporation relative to established legal processes. Amongst other salient issues, a robust application of arbitration is recommended especially in view of the peculiarities of Nigeria’s legal processes, judicial institutions, evolving political and social-economic indicators.
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Wuyep, Solomon, IT Rampedi, and AP Ifegbesan. "The role of urban vegetable production in Jos (Nigeria) as a source of livelihood." African Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition and Development 21, no. 103 (September 27, 2021): 18533–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.18697/ajfand.103.20300.
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Many cities of developing countries experience widespread poverty due to accelerated migration of people from rural to urban areas as well as high population growth rates. The city of Jos in Plateau State is experiencing rapid population growth as well, with the attendant problems of food insecurity, insufficient income, unemployment and environmental degradation. This study assessed the role that urban vegetable production plays in providing a source of livelihood to small-scale farmers in Jos. The farmers were registered with the third Fadama Project in Nigeria. Such projects derive their name from the native Hausa word ‘fadama’ which means irrigable lands on flood-prone and low-lying plains. Forty percent (40%) of urban vegetable farmers were randomly selected to have a sample size of 94 participants. A mixed method approach was used and this involved questionnaire-administered interviews. The primary data obtained were transcribed and subjected to ANOVA and t-test analysis. From the results obtained, most of the vegetables farm plots are located predominantly in the southern part of the study area. Results indicated that vegetable farming is playing an important role in providing 84% part-time and 5% full-time employment opportunities as well as reducing food insecurity among the study participants. In addition, most farmers achieved an income of more than the minimum wage of ₦30, 000 (US$ 72. 24) as approved by the Nigerian Government. The results also showed that lack of credit facilities, seasonal variations and the high cost of farm inputs and equipment are the most serious problems faced by participants. Other challenges associated with small-scale urban farming entailed the negative environmental impacts that may lead to the decline of environmental quality, thus undermining long term sustainability. Furthermore, there were no statistically significant differences among participants in terms of the relationship between the type of vegetables they produce, incomes generated, environmental impacts and their demographical attributes. These attributes are the age, gender, marital status, and educational background of participants. Based on these findings, and the socio-economic importance of vegetable farming in this study area, governments and financial institutions should establish better policies in order to solve the problems faced by small-scale vegetable farmers in urban areas.
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Oluwafemi, Olawale A., Tahir A. Yakubu, Mahmud U. Muhammad, Nyofo Shitta, and Akinola S. Akinwumiju. "Mapping Landslides Susceptibility in a Traditional Northern Nigerian City." Proceedings of the ICA 1 (May 16, 2018): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/ica-proc-1-85-2018.
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As a result of dearth of relevant information about Landslides Susceptibility in Nigeria, the monitoring and assessment appears intractable. Hence, the study developed a Remote Sensing approach to mapping landslides susceptibility, landuse and landcover analysis in Jos South LGA, Plateau State, Nigeria. Field Observation, SPOT 5 2009 and 2012, ASTER DEM 2009, Geological Map 2006, Topographical Map 1966 were used to map Landslide Susceptibility and Landuse /Lancover Analysis in the study area. Geospatial Analytical Operations employed using ArcGIS 10.3 and Erdas Imagine 2014 include Spatial Modeling, Vectorization, Pre-lineament Extraction, Image Processing among others. Result showed that 72.38&thinsp;% of the study area is underlain by granitic rocks. The landuse/cover types delineated for the study area include floodplain (29.27&thinsp;%), farmland (23.96&thinsp;%), sparsely vegetated land (15.43&thinsp;%), built up area (13.65&thinsp;%), vegetated outcrop (8.48&thinsp;%), light vegetation (5.37&thinsp;%), thick vegetation (2.39&thinsp;%), water body (0.58&thinsp;%), plantation (0.50&thinsp;%) and mining pond (0.37&thinsp;%). Landslide Susceptibility Analysis also revealed that 87&thinsp;% of the study area is relatively at low to very low risk of landslide event. While only 13&thinsp;% of the study area is at high to very high risk of landslide event. The study revealed that the susceptibility of landslide event is very low in the study area. However, possible landslide event in the hot spots could be pronounced and could destabilize the natural and man-made environmental systems of the study area.
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Chukwu, Christian Chima, and Anyaoha Okechukwu. "Terrorism, Fulani herdsmen and the forced migration of Christians and Igbo Indigines from Northern Nigeria: The revalidation of Biafra?" Revista Brasileira de Gestão Ambiental e Sustentabilidade 5, no. 10 (2018): 429–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.21438/rbgas.051001.
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This paper highlights terrorism, Fulani herdsmen and the forced migration of Christians and Igbo indigenes from Northern Nigeria, and the revalidation of Biafra following the killings of hundreds of Christians, and Igbo indigenes, and destruction of their properties running into billions of Naira in Borno, Yobe, Gombe, Bauchi, Adamawa, Taraba, Kaduna, Plateau, Benue, Nassarawa and Kogi States. However, the recent slaughter of innocent Nigerians in Benue State including the senseless slaughter of two Catholic priests and their parishioners by marauding Fulani herdsmen heightened the insecurity in Nigeria. Data depended on both primary and secondary sources and literatures related to the variables were reviewed. Aggression and Frustration theory was employed to provide a foundation for the study. Among the findings, the study revealed that the terrorism has become a national menace affecting socio-economic and political development of the country. The study showed that the Boko Haram deadly attacks have not only destroyed hundreds of lives and properties worth billions of naira, but also culminated in the forced migration of both Christians and Igbo Indigenes seeking greener pastures from Northern Nigeria. The study, furthermore, revealed that the current wave of uncertainties in Nigeria is a bye product of an accumulated deprivation, destruction, marginalization, anger and frustration of Christians of the north central geographical zone who would prefer to join their Igbo counterparts to be self ruled in their proposed creation: Biafra. Based on this, the study therefore recommends that the government should protect and safeguard Christians of the north central geographical zone and Igbo Indigenes from being massacred and their properties running into billions of naira destroyed so as to save Nigeria from splitting into "Banana Republics". Secondly, the government should address the symptoms of terrorism and the deadly and continued invasion of Fulani herdsmen rather than the root cause in order to resolve the crisis and halt the dismemberment of the Nigeria nation. Furthermore, the Muslim leaders should inculcate in their members high ethical standards, respect for human life, dignity and also ensure that their adherents are more loving and tolerant of other people and other religions. Finally, the study concludes that since Nigeria is a pluralist society, the government should through the mass media emphasize the essence of peaceful co-existence so as to engender national integration.
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Bassi, AP, MSC Ramyil, H. Isah, K. Auta, MJ Ayodele, FK Bulus, FK Dalyop, OS Egbe, and L. Habila. "Awareness and Practices of Women of Reproductive Age regarding the Use of Chlorhexidine for Newborn Cord Care in a Selected Community in Jos South Local Government Area, Plateau State, Nigeria." Journal of Epidemiological Society of Nigeria 3, no. 1 (July 30, 2020): 53–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.46912/jeson.34.
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Background: Neonatal mortality remains a public health concern in sub-Saharan Africa especially in Nigeria and poor cord care is a major contributor to the high neonatal mortality. The objective of this study was to assess the awareness and practice of Chlorhexidine cord care by women of reproductive age in Jos South Local Government Area of Plateau State. Methods: This was a community based descriptive cross sectional study carried out among women of childbearing age in Lwellem Community of Jos South Local Government Area. A structured interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to obtain information from respondents who were selected through total population sampling. Data was analyzed using Statistical package for the Social Sciences version 20.Results: Three hundred women with children aged less than 5 years were administered the questionnaire. Two hundred and ninety seven (99%) were of low socio-economic status, 71 (23.5%) were farmers, 75 (25%) were traders and 60 (20%) were not gainfully employed. One hundred and sixty seven (55.6%) mothers were uneducated, 286 (95.3%) attended antenatal care during their last pregnancy and 78 (26.0%) were aware of Chlorhexidine use for newborn cord care with 89 (29.6%) using it. One hundred and sixty eight (56.0%) women practiced cord care to hasten falling of the cord and 85 (28.3%) practiced it to prevent infection. Conclusion: There is low awareness and use of Chlorhexidine for cord care in newborns. Women of reproductive age in this community should be educated on the use of Chlorhexidine cord care for newborns to reduce neonatal morbidity and mortality resulting from cord sepsis due to poor cord care practices.
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Akpenpuun, Timothy Denen, and Yahaya Mijinyawa. "Evaluation of a Greenhouse under Tropical Conditions Using Irish Potato (Solanum Tuberosum) as the Test Crop." Acta Technologica Agriculturae 21, no. 2 (June 1, 2018): 56–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ata-2018-0011.
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Abstract Irish potato is a tuberous staple food predominantly grown in Plateau State, a temperate climate. As a result of the high demand for Irish potato, there is a shortage in its supply in Nigeria. The shortage in its supply could be attributed to climate change and the fall in the production level. This study sought to establish the potential of a greenhouse (GH) for the production of Irish potato in the tropics. The experiments were carried out in the rainy and dry seasons of 2015/2016 and 2016/2017. Nicola, Diamant, Batita, New Seed and Okonkwo varieties of Irish potato were cultivated inside and outside the greenhouse. Thirty seedlings of each variety were planted using Completely Randomised Experimental Design. Greenhouse performance was evaluated in terms of air temperature, relative humidity, vapour pressure deficit, yield, stem diameter, stem height and dry matter content. The result of the analysis of variance revealed that the mean greenhouse and open-field temperature, relative humidity and vapour pressure deficit differed significantly at 0.01 during the rainy and dry season. The yield and growth data in and outside the greenhouse were significantly different at 0.01. Diamant, Batista and Okonkwo varieties are recommended for GH production.
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Yakubu, Abdulmojeed, and Philip Nimyak. "Use of artificial neural network to model reproductive performance and mortality of non-descript rabbits." Acta Scientiarum. Animal Sciences 42 (June 8, 2020): e47715. http://dx.doi.org/10.4025/actascianimsci.v42i1.47715.
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This study was carried out to predict average number of kits per birth and mortality number of non-descript rabbits in Plateau State, Nigeria using artificial neural network (ANN). Data were obtained from a total of 100 rabbit farmers. The predicted mean value for number of kits per birth using ANN (6.60) was similar to the observed value (6.52). As regards mortality, the predicted mean value using ANN (17.75) was also similar to the observed value (17.80). Primary occupation, experience in rabbit keeping, flock size and credit type were the parameters of utmost importance in predicting number of kits per birth. The fairly high coefficient of determination (R2) (55.7%) and low root mean square error (RMSE) value of 1.22 conferred reliability on the ANN model. The R2 value obtained in the prediction of mortality using ANN implies that 61.1% of the variation in the number of mortality can be largely explained by the explanatory variables such as flock size, age of farmers, experience in rabbit keeping and average number of kits per birth. The low RMSE value of 3.82 also gave credence to the regression model. The present information may be exploited in taking appropriate management decisions to boost production.
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Shambe, I. H., V. C. Pam, M. A. Enokela, T. A. Oyebode, M. D. Gyang, B. Z. Gyang, and E. A. Envuladu. "Reasons for Choice of Place of Delivery among Women of Reproductive Age in a Semi urban Population in North-Central Nigeria." Journal of BioMedical Research and Clinical Practice 1, no. 1 (April 20, 2018): 61–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.46912/jbrcp.30.
Full textAbstract:
Where women choose to deliver affects their access to skilled birth attendant and potentially determines the outcome of the pregnancy. This is an important factor against the backdrop of high maternal and neonatal mortality rates in Nigeria. The choice of place of delivery and factors that determine such choices are therefore pertinent considerations in the path to safe motherhood. To assess the factors that determine the choice of place of delivery by women of reproductive age, this cross sectional study was carried out between January to March 2015 in Vom , a semi urban area about 30km from Jos the capital of Plateau State among 2,640 (Two thousand six hundred and forty) women of reproductive age. The mother’s safety was the major factor that influenced the choice of place of delivery by 1,927(73%) of the respondents, the cost of services was the next determinant in 633(24%) of the respondents while the attitude of the health care providers at hospitals was the least consideration in 79 (3%) of the respondents for the choice of place of delivery. The most preferred place of delivery was hospitals (80%) while home delivery and deliveries with Traditional Birth Attendants were favoured by 19% and 1% of the respondents respectively. The majority of the respondents (32%) were between the ages of 40-44 years while 22% were between 25-29years of age. The respondents were predominantly farmers of the Berom ethnic group (99%) and 47% of them had completed primary level of education. The safety of pregnant mother was the major consideration that influenced the place of delivery among women of reproductive age in this population. Hospital delivery was the most favoured place of delivery.
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Choji, Solomon, Faith Damla, Larry Barde, Riyang Zakka, and Adeshola Adegbite. "ANTI-DIABETIC EFFECTS OF ETHANOL LEAF EXTRACT OF ONIONS (Allium cepa) ON ALLOXAN-INDUCED DIABETIC WISTAR ALBINO RATS." BOKKOS JOURNAL OF APPLIED SCIENTIFIC REPORTS 1, no. 2 (March 14, 2021): 19–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.47452/bjasrep.v1i2.22.
Full textAbstract:
ANTI-DIABETIC EFFECTS OF ETHANOL LEAF EXTRACT OF ONIONS (Allium cepa) ON ALLOXAN-INDUCED DIABETIC WISTAR ALBINO RATS
Choji Solomon S. Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Natural and Applied Sciences, Plateau State University, Bokkos. P.M. B 2012, Jos. Nigeria. Chojisolomon@gmail.com
+2347065752410
Damla Faith U. Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Natural and Applied Sciences, Plateau State University, Bokkos. P.M. B 2012, Jos. Nigeria
Barde Larry A. Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Natural and Applied Sciences, Plateau State University, Bokkos. P.M. B 2012, Jos. Nigeria
Zakka Riyang. Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Science, Federal University Wukari. P.M.B 1020
Adegbite Adeshola. Ladoke Akintola University of Technology. Ogbomoso. Oyo State.
Abstract.
Diabetes is a chronic disease characterised by high blood glucose level and abnormal metabolism of carbohydrates, protein and fat. The condition is characterised by persistent hyperglycaemia. Allium cepa leaf is a functional food used in traditional medicine for the treatment of diabetes mellitus. The use of plants especially vegetable as antidiabetic remedies have added interest of joining two basic diabetes mellitus control factors: food and medication. The ethanol extract of Allium cepa leaf was investigated for antidiabetic effects using alloxan- induced diabetic wistar albino rats. Wistar albino rats were randomly divided into six groups; Group A rats were non-diabetic control. Diabetes was induced in groups B, C, D, E and F by single intraperitoneal injection of alloxan (150mg/kg body weight). Group B were not treated and served as negative control group. Group C were treated with glibenclamide (5mg/kg body weight), thus served as postive control group. Groups D, E and F were treated with 200, 300 and 400 mg/kg body weight of the extract respectively for a period of two weeks through intraperitoneal route. The effect of treatment with the doses of the extract and standard drug were studied on blood glucose level, total serum cholesterol and body weight. Allium Cepa extract produced a dose- dependent significant reduction in the blood glucose level when compared with that of the control group. Significant total serum cholesterol reduction was observed at 300 and 400mg/kg. An observed decrease in body weight of the negative control group was recorded and significant increase for all other groups. The findings from this study indicate that the crude extract of Allium cepa leaf caused a significant hypoglycaemic and hypocholesterolemic activity in alloxan-induced diabetic rats thus, validates its use in ethno – medicine for the control of diabetes mellitus.
KEY WORDS: Diabetes mellitus, Allium cepa, Alloxan, Blood glucose, Cholesterol Glibenclamide.
1.0 INTRODUCTION.
Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a group of metabolic disorders associated with disturbances in the metabolism of fuel molecules due to absolute deficiency of insulin, insufficient insulin secretion and / or its secretion [1]. It is a disorder that affects the body’s ability to make or use insulin. Insulin is a hormone produced in the pancreas that helps transport glucose (blood sugar) from the bloodstream into the cells so they can break it down and use it for fuel. People cannot live without insulin [2]. It is also a widespread endocrine disorder that is associated with considerable morbidity and mortality and is found in all population throughout the world [3]
Despite the presence of anti-diabetic drugs in the pharmaceutical market, the treatment of diabetes with medicinal plants is often successful. Herbal medicine and plant components with insignificant toxicity and less or no side effect are notable therapeutic options for the treatment of this disease around the world [4]. The most common herbal active ingredients used in treating diabetes are flavonoids, tannins, phenols and alkaloids [5]. The existence of these compounds implies the importance of the anti-diabetic properties of these plants [4].
Allium cepa is one of the recognised medicinal plants known to possess several medicinal properties including lowering of blood pressure, antiseptic, hypoglycaemic and hypocholesterolemic activity [6]. In the rural communities, many people depend solely on medicinal plants for the treatment of diabetes due to its easy accessibility, affordability and availability even when the efficacy of the herbal remedies has not been established [6].
Dietary therapy is unarguably the best treatment for diabetes. The diabetic diet should be carefully monitored to minimize the load placed on the blood glucose regulating mechanism. The use of plants, especially vegetables, by the population as antidiabetic remedies has added interest of joining two basic diabetes mellitus control factors: food and medication [7]. This research is thus geared towards finding a medicinal plant that will not only increase the energy content of diabetics but also lower glycaemic index properties for the management of diabetic pressures in our society.
2.0 MATERIALS AND METHODS.
2.1 Materials.
2.1.1 Chemicals and Reagents.
Baker Ltd Dagenham, England, BDH Chemicals Ltd; Poole England, Sigma Chemicals, St Louis, USA, Emzor Pharmaceuticals Industry Ltd, Nigeria and Randox Laboratories. London, UK.
2.1.2 Plant
The Allium cepa leaves used for the experiment was bought from Barkin Ladi Market, Plateau State, Nigeria. The plants were identified by Professor Pob Poppva in the Department of Botany, University of Jos, Plateau State. A voucher specimen was deposited in the herbarium unit of the department.
2.1.3 Experimental Animals.
A total of thirty-six (36) adult male Wistar albino rats weighing 80 to 150g and twelve (12) mice were used for the experiment. The experimental animals were purchased from Chris Animal Farm, G.R.A. Awka. They were housed six (6) rats per cage at the experimental Animal House of Biochemistry Department, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Anambra State. They were acclimatized for two weeks under standard laboratory conditions and were maintained on water and Guinea growers mash pellet (Vital Feed Grand Cereals Nigeria Ltd, Jos, Nigeria) that was obtained from Eke Market, Awka, Anambra State.
2.2 Methods
2.2.1 Preparation of ethanol leaf extract of Allium cepa .
The leaves of Allium cepa were properly washed with distilled water and dried at room temperature for three weeks. The dried leaves were then pulverised using corona manual grinding machine. The powdered samples of Allium cepa was weighed and exactly 1475g was extracted in 5 litres of 80% ethanol for 24 hours with occasional stirring, sieved and filtered using filter paper (Whatman number 1). The filtrate was then concentrated using a rotary evaporator at 600C and appeared as a dark brown gel solid. The extracts were kept in a labelled glass container and stored in a refrigerator until when required for reconstitution and administration.
2.2.2 Phytochemical Screening of Secondary metabolites(Constituents)
The qualitative phytochemical screening of the ethanol leaf extract of Allium cepa was carried out using standard procedures as outlined by [8], [9].
2.2.3 Acute toxicity and Median Lethal Dose (LD50) test of ethanol leaf extract of Allium cepa.
The median Lethal Dose (LD50) was determined using Wistar albino mice as described by the modified method of [10]. Test animals were divided into six (6) groups. The first 3 groups which contain 3 animals each were given 10mg/kg, 100mg/kg and 1000mg/kg body weight of the ethanol extract of Allium Cepa leaves. The Allium Cepa extract was administered orally and was monitored for 24 hours. The last 3 groups which contain one animal each per group were then given 1600mg/kg, 2900mg/kg and 5000mg/kg body weight of the ethanol extract of Allium Cepa leaves and were observed for 24 hours.
2.2.4 Induction of Diabetes.
Alloxan was prepared and induced by adopting the method of [11]. All rats, except for the normal control group were intraperitoneally injected with 150mg/kg body weight of the prepared alloxan dissolved in normal saline solution. The blood glucose levels of the rats were checked before the administration of alloxan using one touch glucometer (Fine touch, USA) and test strips. The rats were then fasted for 16 hours, but with free access to water after which they received an intraperitoneal injection of alloxan 150mg/kg body weight. The rats were orally given 20ml each of 10% glucose solution after 2 hours to prevent hypoglycaemia. The animals were allowed free access to food and water after alloxan administration. After 48 hours of the alloxan administration, blood was collected orbito-rectally and their glucose levels were checked using one touch glucometer and test strips. Diabetes was confirmed to have been induced if the glucose level was observed to be far much higher than normal (above 140mg/dl).
2.2.5 Experimental Design
This study was carried out on alloxan –induced diabetic rats for two (2) weeks. A total of thirty-six (36) Wistar albino rats were used for the experiment. The albino rats were randomly divided into six (6) groups with six (6) rats in each group. The extract and the reference drug were administered intraperitoneally to the animals.
Group A – Normal (non-diabetic control)
Group B – Diabetic (negative) control group
Group C – Diabetic (positive) control – this group received 5mg/kg body weight of glibenclamide.
Group D – This group received 200mg/kg body weight of the extract.
Group E – This group received 300mg/kg body weight of the extract.
Group F – This group received 400mg/kg body weight of the extract
The weights of the animals were carefully monitored before the induction and throughout the duration of the experiment.
2.2.6 Biochemical Assay
2.2.6.1 Blood glucose level determination
Determination of the blood glucose level was done by the glucose-oxidase principle [12] using the one touch instrument and results were reported as mg/dl [13].
2.2.6.2 Determination of total serum cholesterol.
The cholesterol of the serum was oxidised to tetraene derivative by ferric ions derived from ferric perchlorate using four different test tubes that were marked test, control, standard and blank. The absorbance was measured (using spectrophotometer) at 590nm wavelength and compared with that of a pure solution of cholesterol [14]
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Samuel Paul, Akintunde Sheyi, Iliya Daniel Bangu, Musa Bashir, Jacob Joseph, and Sani Idris Abubakar. "Assessment of the salinity level of water and sediments used for irrigation and agricultural farming in Jos north." World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews 8, no. 1 (October 30, 2020): 202–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/wjarr.2020.8.1.0372.
Full textAbstract:
Irrigated agriculture is dependent on an adequate water supply of usable quality. The different Irrigation sites were identified randomly, and named A, B, C, D and E respectively. Therefore, water and sediment or soil samples were collected from Rukuba Road River, Yelwan Zangam River, Gangare River, Busa Buji River and Angwan Rimi River respectively in Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria to evaluate their salinity level suitability for irrigation purpose and Agricultural Farming. The analytical results shows that the Electrical conductivity (EWc), Total dissolve solids (TDS), Sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) and specific ion toxicities of water and sediment are as followed: Rukuba Road River “A” (ECw = 508.00 µs/cm, 897.00µs/cm; TDS = 440.50 mg/l, 540.60mg/l and SAR = 12.73, ND), Yalwan Zangam River “B” ( ECw = 750.00µs/cm, 987.00µs/cm; TDS = 330.20mg/l, 470.50mg/l and SAR = 12.56, ND), Gangare River “C” (ECw = 489.00µs/cm, 897.00µs/cm; TDS = 40.70mg/l, 550.90mg/l and SAR = 13.16, ND), Busa Buji River “D” (ECw = 250.00µs/cm, 499.00µS/cm; TDS = 355.60mg/l, 495.00mg/l and SAR = 14.06, ND) and Angwan Rimi River “E” (ECw = 1030.00µs/cm, 1233.00µs/cm; TDS = 460.00mg/l, 610.60mg/l and SAR = 11.20, ND). The salinity of river A B C D fall within the normal ranges which were of excellent quality and considered to be highly suitable without any restriction on the use. Water and sediment from Angwan River “E” (ECw = 1030.00µs/cm, 1233.00µs/cm; TDS = 460.00mg/l, 610.60mg/l and SAR = 19.20, ND) will be highly suitable under proper management such as improved irrigation system and schedule, light soil with good infiltration and internal drainage and plant with good salt tolerant. The variation in chemical composition of the irrigation water and sediment sources could be attributed to the fact that the Angwan Rimi River “E” water and sediment sources are located within Jos metropolis. The additions from waste waters (domestic sewage and municipal), dirt and suspended inorganic matter and automobile effluents from Mechanic workshops could contributes to the high levels of Salinity, SAR and Total hardness and specific ion toxicities of the irrigation water.
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Gulukun, E. Z., M. M. Ari, and S. E. Alu. "Proximate composition and antinutritional factors of differently processed kidney bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) seeds." Nigerian Journal of Animal Production 47, no. 5 (December 31, 2020): 169–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.51791/njap.v47i5.1274.
Full textAbstract:
Kidney bean is an important source of high quality protein, as well as other nutritious substances. The higher the content of these nutritious substances in a given kidney bean, the higher it's quality. Proximate composition and anti-nutritional factors of raw and processed kidney bean seed were investigated with a view to finding alternative and cheaper source of protein. The study was conducted at plateau state college of agriculture livestock farm, Garkawa to investigate the proximate composition and anti – nutritional factors of differently processed kidney bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) seeds. The Processing methods investigated were raw, cooked, soaked, fermented and sprouted in (T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5) respectively. The results obtained indicates that Ether Extract (EE), Ash, Moisture contents and calculated Metabolizable Energy (ME) showed no significant difference (P > 0.05) between the processed and the raw sample. However, there were significant differences (P < 0.05) in the crude protein (CP) and crude fibre (CF) contents for both raw and processed samples. Fermented kidney bean seeds had the highest CP level of 25.00%, compared to sprouted, raw, soaked and cooked with CP % of 22.94, 20.70, 20.31 and 20.13%, respectively. The fermented kidney bean seeds had the highest CF of 10.55% while others did not differ with value of the raw. Anti – nutrients composition showed that fermented seeds had significant reduction in the levels of oxalate, saponin, tannin, cyanide, and trypsin inhibitor, compared to the raw sample. These results suggest that fermentation of kidney bean seeds enhances its usage as proteins source in animal feed due to its increased protein content and reduction in some anti – nutritional factors. Le haricot rouge est une source importante de protéines de haute qualité, ainsi que d'autres substances nutritives. Plus la teneur en ces substances nutritives d'un haricot est élevée, plus sa qualité est élevée. La composition immédiate et les facteurs anti-nutritionnels des grains de haricots rouges crus et transformés ont été étudiés en vue de trouver une autre source de protein qui seramoins chère. L 'étude a été menée à la ferme d'élevage de College d'Agriculture, dans l'etat de Plateau, à Garkawa, au Nigeria, pour étudier la composition immédiate et les facteurs anti - nutritionnels des graines de haricot rouge (Phaseolusvulgaris) traitées différemment. Les méthodes de traitement étudiées étaient crues, cuites, trempées, fermentées et germées en (T1, T2, T3, T4 et T5) respectivement. Les résultats obtenus indiquent que l'extrait d'éther (EE), les cendres, les teneurs en humidité et l'énergie métabolisable (EM) calculée n'ont montré aucune différence significative (P> 0.05) entre l'échantillon traité et l'échantillon brut. Cependant, il y avait des differences significatives (P <0.05) dans les teneurs en protéines brutes (PB) et en fibres brutes (FB) pour les échantillons bruts et traités. Les graines de haricots rouges fermentés avaient le niveau de PB le plus élevé de 25.00%, comparativement aux graines germées, crues, trempées et cuites avec des PB% de 22.94, 20.70, 20.31 et 20.13%, respectivement. Les graines de haricots rouges fermentés avaient le FB le plus élevé de 10.55% tandis que d'autres ne différaient pas avec la valeur de la matière première. La composition anti - nutriments a montré que les graines fermentées avaient une réduction significative des niveaux d 'oxalate, de saponine, de tanin, de cyanure et d'inhibiteur de trypsine, par rapport à l 'échantillon brut. Ces résultats suggèrent que la fermentation des graines de haricots rouges améliore son utilisation comme source de protéines dans l'alimentation animale en raison de sa teneur accrue en protéines et de la réduction de certains facteurs antinutritionnels.
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Salihu, Yahaya Ibn. "Relative Effects of Problem and Project-based Learning Techniques on Students Academic Achievement in Building Technology." Asia Proceedings of Social Sciences 4, no. 3 (April 26, 2019): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.31580/apss.v4i3.699.
Full textAbstract:
The study investigated relative effects of problem and project-based learning techniques on students’ academic achievement in Building Technology. Specifically, the study compared the mean achievement scores of students exposed to problem-based learning and project-based learning against those exposed to conventional lecturer method in Building Technology achievement test. In addition, the study examined the effects of gender on students’ academic achievement with respect to the treatments (teaching methods). Quasi-experimental research design was adopted to carry out the study. Quasi-experimental research design is pre-test, post-test, non-equivalent control group design. [1] described quasi-experimental research design as that design that permits the use of intact classes. The research was carried out in North-central geopolitical zone of Nigeria comprising six states which include: Kogi, Niger, Benue, Kwara, Plateau, Nassarawa and the Federal Capital Territory. Three states (Niger, Kogi and Plateau) were randomly selected out the existing six states in North-central Nigeria. From the three selected states, the three colleges of education that offer Building Technology were sampled with one college of education from each of the three selected states. Hence, the three colleges of education selected are Niger State College of Education, Minna with 47 Building Technology students; Federal College of Education, Pankshin, Plateau State with 56 Building Technology students and Kogi State College of Education, Ankpa with 45 Building Technology students. Therefore, the sample for the study was 148 students of Building Technology for 2017/2018 academic session. The assignment of the classes to teaching methods was done through simple balloting. Hence, Federal College of Education, Pankshin with 56 students of Building Technology was assigned to problem-based learning (PrbL), Niger State College of Education, Minna with 47 students of Building Technology was assigned to project-based learning (PrjL) while Kogi State College of Education, Ankpa with 45 students of Building Technology was assigned to conventional lecture method. Data for this study were obtained with the use of Building Technology Achievement Test (BTAT) instrument containing 50 multiple choice questions. Each questions of the test instrument has four options (a), (b), (c) and (d) out of which one option is the correct answer. The instrument was content-validated by three experts and the reliability established using Kuder Richardson 21 (K-R21) which yielded a reliability coefficient of 0.83. This suggested that the instrument was reliable for data collection for the study. [2] affirmed that reliability coefficients range from 0.00 to 1.00, with higher coefficients indicating higher levels of reliability. Before the commencement of the treatments, all students both in two experimental groups (PrbL and PrjL) and control group were subjected to a pre-test in order to obtain the pre-test achievement scores. The scores obtained by students from the three groups represented their pre-test scores. Thereafter, the actual treatments began and lasted for six weeks in which students in PrbL group were taught Building Technology using Problem-based learning, students in PrjL were taught Building Technology using Project-based learning while students in the control group were taught Building Technology using conventional lecture method. After the sixth week of the treatments, the post-test was administered to the students in their respective groups to obtain the post-test achievement scores. The scripts of the students were collated and marked by the researcher and the students were scored over 50. This is because, any correct answer out of the 50 questions is 1 mark. The data collected from the three groups in the pre-test and post-test were compiled for analysis. The result showed that NCE students of Building Technology taught problem-based learning had mean achievement gain score of 18.07, students taught with project-based learning had mean achievement gain score of 20.23 while students in control group that were taught Building Technology with conventional lecture method had mean achievement gain score of 6.31. The results clearly show that the use of problem and project-based learning techniques appreciably increased academic achievement of NCE students in Building Technology than using conventional lecture method for instructional delivery. The result of [3] revealed that students exposed to problem-based learning method significantly showed high level of achievement motivation than the students of control group. In agreement with the findings of this study, [4] established that project-based learning approach had significantly higher academic achievement effects on students’ academic performance than those taught with traditional teaching method. Similarly, [5] in a study found that students in the treatment group (project-based learning) produced better academic performance than those in control group. The results on effect of gender on the achievement scores of NCE students showed that male students taught Building Technology with problem-based learning method had mean achievement gain of 18.04 while the females taught with problem-based learning method had mean achievement gain of 18.25. On the other hand, male students taught Building Technology with project-based learning had mean achievement gain of 20.22 while the female taught with project-based learning had mean achievement gain score of 22.33 in Building Technology test. For the control group, male students taught Building Technology with conventional lecture method had mean achievement gain score of 7.11 while female students in control group had mean achievement gain score of 7.10. This result indicates that both problem and project-based learning techniques significantly increased academic achievement of male and female students in Building Technology than conventional lecture technique. [6] studied gender differences in electricity interest and achievement scores using problem-based learning. The results showed that there was no significant difference between the mean achievement scores of male and female students when taught electricity using problem based learning approach. Although, students taught with project-based learning had slightly higher achievement gain score than those taught with problem-based learning. The result shows that treatments (Groups) as main factor had a significant effect on students’ achievement in Building Technology test. The F-calculated (F-cal) value of 103.298 and the p-value of 0.000 which is less than 0.05 level of significance indicate significant difference in the mean achievement scores of students taught with problem and project-based learning techniques and conventional lecture method based on the treatments given. For the effect of gender on academic achievement in Building Technology, the result shows that, the F-calculated value of 0.170 and p-value of 0.681 which was greater than 0.05 level of significance indicate that there was no significant difference in the mean achievement scores of male and female students in the Building Technology achievement test. The result of [7] showed no significant gender difference as project-based learning had a positive effect on both male and female students. In the same manner, [8] investigated inquiry project-based learning and found that gender (male and female) differences and academic abilities had no significant moderating effects on the learning dimensions. Interaction effects of gender and instructional techniques (Group*Gender) shows F-calculated (F-cal) value of 0.119 with p-value of 0.888 which is greater than 0.05 level of significance. This indicates that there was no significant interaction effect between the treatments (Groups) and gender of the students in respect to Building Technology achievement test. Based on the findings, the study recommended intensified use of problem-based learning and project-based learning techniques for effective instructional delivery in Building Technology, formulation of relevant policies to strengthen problem-based and project-based learning techniques in Nigerian technical and vocational education for the production of skilled manpower to feed Nigerian Building industry, adequate provision of relevant instructional materials to facilitate quality teaching and learning with project-based and project-based learning techniques and skill update and timely in-service training to teachers and lecturers of technical and vocational education for effective application of problem-based and project-based learning techniques that are interactive and student-centred for instructional delivery.
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Fauzi, Chandra, and Basikin. "The Impact of the Whole Language Approach Towards Children Early Reading and Writing in English." JPUD - Jurnal Pendidikan Usia Dini 14, no. 1 (April 30, 2020): 87–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.21009/jpud.141.07.
Full textAbstract:
This study aims to determine the effect of the whole language approach to the ability to read and write in English in early stages of children aged 5-6 years in one of the kindergartens in the Yogyakarta Special Region. The population in this study were 43 children who were in the age range of 5-6 years in the kindergarten. Twenty-nine participants were included in the experimental class subjects as well as the control class with posttest only control group design. Observation is a way to record data in research on early reading and writing ability. The results of Multivariate Anal- ysis of Covariance (Manova) to the data shows that 1) there is a difference in ability between the application of the whole language approach and the conventional approach to the ability to read the beginning of English; 2) there is a difference in ability between applying a whole language approach and a conventional approach to writing English beginning skills; 3) there is a difference in ability between the whole language approach and the conventional approach to the ability to read and write the beginning in English
Keywords: Whole language approach, Early reading, Early writing, Early childhood
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Enurah, L. U., S. J. Shaibu, A. A. Bitrus, A. H. Momoh Zekeri, L. H. Lombin, and I. J. Barde. "Fungal Infections in Plateau State, Nigeria." Microbiology Research Journal International, August 10, 2020, 67–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/mrji/2020/v30i730240.
Full textAbstract:
This paper describes a study carried out on people of different ages with various skin diseases who submitted themselves for examination and diagnoses at the Dermatophylosis Research Centre of the National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom, Plateau State, Nigeria. Samples of skin scrapping were collected and cultured on Sabouraud Dextrose Agar (SDA) while some were examined under the microscope for possible morphological identification of the fungi. The results showed that out of the thirty samples analyzed, nine genera of fungi were isolated comprising of Trichophyton 10 (33.3%), Aspergillus 9 (30%), Penicillum 4 (13.32%), Microsporum 2 (6.70%), Epidermorphyton 1 (3.33%), Trichosporum 1 (3.33%), Cryptococcus 1 (3.33%), Mucor 1 (3.33%), and Cephalosporium 1 (3.33).
The study revealed high incidence of human fungal diseases, a situation that calls for good hygiene practices in the study area to mitigate and possibly eradicate the prevalence of human skin diseases in the rural area of Plateau State.
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Namo, O. A. T., and A. Damfami. "Estimating Heritability and Genetic Advance in Bambara Groundnut." Journal of Experimental Agriculture International, September 28, 2020, 112–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/jeai/2020/v42i830577.
Full textAbstract:
Aim: Bambara groundnut compares favourably with cowpea in terms of nutritional and economic values. The crop is, however, characterised by variable and unpredictable yields. Recently, there has been growing interest in the potential of the crop to contribute to food security in the sub-Sahara Africa. Therefore, there is the need for increased research attention, especially in the aspect of yield improvement. The selection of a superior genotype in a breeding programme depends on the amount of genetic variability present and the extent to which the characters are inherited and advanced. This study was aimed to estimate heritability and genetic advance in the Bambara groundnut.
Place and Duration of the Study: The experiment was carried out in Kuru, Plateau State, Nigeria, during the rainy season between June and October 2018.
Methodology: Nine genotypes of Bambara groundnut were laid out in the field using the randomised complete block design in five replicates. Genotypic variance, phenotypic variance, environmental variance, genotypic and phenotypic coefficients of variation, broad sense heritability, genetic advance and genetic advance as percent of population mean were computed from analysis of variance tables using the respective mean squares for each of the parameters studied.
Results: Results of the study showed significant differences amongst genotypes for emergence rate, plant height, number of leaves and dry matter content. The coefficient of variability ranged from 7.56 % for plant height to 45.95 % for total grain yield. The phenotypic coefficient of variability was generally higher than the genotypic and environmental coefficients of variability for all the traits studied. Low heritability estimates were observed for number of days to onset of flowering, number of days to 50 % flowering, leaf area index, harvest index, stand count, pods per plant, shelling %, seeds per pod, dry matter content and total grain yield. Moderate heritability estimates were observed for plant height, leaf number per plant and net assimilation rate. High estimates of heritability were observed for emergence rate and relative growth rate. The genetic advance as percent of population mean ( GAM) was low for plant height, days to onset of flowering and 50 % flowering, harvest index, pods per plant, shelling %, 100-seed weight and dry matter content. GAM was high for emergence rate, leaf number per plant, leaf area index, relative growth rate, net assimilation rate, seed number per pod and total grain yield.
Conclusion: The coefficient of variability was generally high for many of the attributes studied. Similarly, the phenotypic coefficient of variability was higher than the environmental and genotypic coefficients of variability for all the attributes studied. Heritability estimates were high for emergence rate and relative growth rate but moderate for plant height, number of leaves per plant and net assimilation rate. Genetic advance as percent of population mean was high for emergence rate, number of leaves per plant, leaf area index, relative growth rate, net assimilation rate, number of seeds per pod and total grain yield, suggesting the involvement of both additive and non-additive genes in the expression of these characters. Therefore, these traits can be considered as major selection indices in the improvement of the Bambara groundnut in the Jos-Plateau environment.
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Zechariah, Mathias, and Solomon Gwom. "Jurisdictional Conflict between the State High Court and the Customary Court of Appeal of a State in Nigeria: How Conflicting?" SSRN Electronic Journal, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3418790.
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Igoche, L. E., F. Makwin, T. T. Akpenseun, J. Kaye, and F. A. Oyedapo. "Assessment of Fish Farming in Plateau State, North Central Nigeria." Asian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Research, August 27, 2019, 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ajfar/2019/v4i130047.
Full textAbstract:
World leaders are making concerted effort to tackle the menace of food insecurity brought about by upsurge in human population, climate change and displacement of farming communities due to civil unrest in some part of the world. This study was undertaken to assess the current status of fish farming in Plateau State and suggest possible ways of ameliorating any observed challenges for increased fish production. The study evaluated the challenges affecting fish farming in the study area.
Structured interview schedule questionnaire were used in sourcing information from nine (9) local government areas in the state. Ninety (90) fish farmers were randomly selected from the nine (9) local governments areas each drawn from the three Agricultural zones of the State. Data obtained were analysed using descriptive statistics.
The findings revealed that majority of the fish farmers 70% were males and between the ages of 21-30 years.
The study also revealed that the major constraints affecting increased level of output in the study area were high cost of inputs (feeds), poor marketing channels, inadequate finance, inadequate access to credit facilities, and poor extension services.
Fish farming in the study area is however, profitable as majority of the farmers made a gross profit margin of above # 501,000.00 per annum.
The study recommends that fish hatcheries and feed mill should be established in the study area and that single digit credit facilities should be granted to interested fish farmers. Also extension services with respect to fish farming should be increased in the study area. A good quality fish market should also be established in the study area to assist the farmers in marketing their produce in order to optimise profit.
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FA, Magaji, Ocheke AN, Ocheke AN, Pam VC, Pam VC, Afolaramin T, Afolaramin T, et al. "HIV Status in Sero-Discordant Couples: Prevalence and Pattern among Pregnant Women in Plateau State, Nigeria." Journal of Clinical Research In HIV AIDS And Prevention, August 17, 2018, 33–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.14302/issn.2324-7339.jcrhap-18-2236.
Full textAbstract:
Nigeria is one of the high-burden countries in sub-Saharan Africa for HIV/AIDS and contributes to reproductive health morbidities and mortalities. This study was aimed at determining the prevalence of HIV-discordant rate among pregnant women in Plateau state Nigeria. The study sought to determine the prevalence and trend of HIV sero-discordance among pregnant women in Plateau state, Nigeria. The study was a 5-year descriptive analysis of HIV sero-discordance among pregnant women accessing prenatal care and their partners in Plateau state, Nigeria based on data generated between January 2012 and December 2016. The data was disaggregated by year, HIV concordant negative, HIV concordant positive, and HIV sero-discordant prevalence in the software and analysis were done using excel to obtained the proportions and trend of HIV sero-discordant prevalence among the antenatal population. Out of a total of 7,851 partners of pregnant women studied, 969 (16.3%) were HIV sero-discordant, 5,795 (73.8%) were HIV concordant negative, and 773 (9.9%) were HIV concordant positive. HIV sero-discordant positive males accounted for 12.3% while females were 4.0%. The prevalence of HIV sero-discordance was low with a high proportion of HIV positive male partners in Plateau state with grave public health implications for new HIV infections among partners and eroding the gains made in the Prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV.
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Hemba, E. C., E. A. Trisma, and T. J. Ikyumbur. "Mass Concentration and Size-distribution of Atmospheric Particulate Matter in Plateau State, Nigeria." International Journal of Environment and Climate Change, November 9, 2019, 701–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ijecc/2019/v9i1230151.
Full textAbstract:
The mass concentration and size distribution of atmospheric particulate matter (PM) was measured in three major towns in Plateau state. The CW-HAT200 PM2.5, PM10 dust particle counter was used to measure the particle size in each major location within Jos, Shendam and Pankshin. The results revealed that both PM2.5 and PM10 concentration were high in morning hours in most of the measured locations. These values were however found decreasing in the afternoon. The higher value of PM2.5 and PM10 observed in the morning hours in some locations within the study area can be attributed to the high volume of motorists plying the roads during those hours. However, some locations within the study area their PM2.5 and PM10 were higher in the afternoon hours than morning hours. The PM sampling respirable dust sampler (AMP460NL model) was placed on the elevated platform of 1.5 m high and 20 cm away from obstacles in order to avoid any obstruction of the air from tall buildings and trees etc. Measurements were taken after 8-hours per location and the average air flow rate, sample time, initial and final mass of the filter paper were used to calculate the mass concentration of the suspended particulate matter in each locations. The mass concentration of the suspended particulate matter were higher in dry season than in the rain season for all locations. This can be attributed to the dust usually experienced during the dry season on the Plateau.