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Academic literature on the topic 'Platform for Labour Action (Uganda)'
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Journal articles on the topic "Platform for Labour Action (Uganda)"
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Schmidt, Florian Alexander. "For a Few Dollars More: Class Action against Crowdsourcing." A Peer-Reviewed Journal About 2, no. 1 (January 31, 2013): 60–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/aprja.v2i1.121128.
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This paper will give an introduction into the rise of crowdsourcing, its methods and the controversies surrounding it. To some, crowdsourcing is a neutral umbrella term that describes new processes of distributing labour; to others it is the exploitation of cheap or free labour with detrimental effects for workers and professions. The questions are: Is crowdsourcing exploitative even when all participants are volunteers and know the conditions? Is it labour when people do the work as a hobby? Is crowdsourcing inherently unethical or is it just a question of how the parameters are configured? And how can national labour laws tackle a global phenomenon? It is not easy to evaluate crowdsourcing because of its varying definitions and methods. The deal between those who do the work and thosewho profit from it varies from platform to platform. The different approaches in crowdsourcing are scattered across a spectrum that reaches from productive leisure and play over altruistic volunteering to precarious labour.
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Bertolini, Alessio, Maren Borkert, Fabian Ferrari, and Mark Graham. "Towards decent work in the digital age: introducing the fairwork project in Germany." Zeitschrift für Arbeitswissenschaft 75, no. 2 (June 2021): 187–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s41449-021-00247-w.
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AbstractThe Fairwork Project is an international action-research project that currently operates in over 20 countries. The project focuses on working conditions in the platform economy, in order to develop ‘fairness ratings’ for digital labour platforms. With respect to Germany, the project evaluated the working conditions offered by ten digital labour platforms, by scoring them against the Fairwork principles and producing a national league table. We found that even in a highly regulated labour market context like the German one, platform workers experience precarity and insecurity and have limited access to employment rights. A number of platform workers are classified as employees rather than self-employed, and this guarantees a number of employment rights, including entitlement to minimum wage, health and safety protection and social protection. However, the existence of an employment relationship does not necessarily ensure platform work to be fair as other factors, including the existence of complex networks of subcontracting, erode labour standards and deprive workers of basic employment rights.Practical Relevance: While there are tens of millions of digital platform workers around the world performing functions essential to society—as demonstrated drastically by the Covid-19 pandemic—by supplying food, care and passenger transportation services, many platform workers face low pay, precarity as well as poor and dangerous working conditions. Exposing fracture lines of inequalities affecting particularly women, migrants and minority-ethnic groups who form the core part of the gig workforce, the international Fairwork research project aims not just to understand the gig economy, but to change it.
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Kambasu, Obed. "Rationalising industrial action: how Ugandan public school teachers and public university lecturers explain their engagement in industrial action." Employee Relations: The International Journal 43, no. 5 (February 23, 2021): 1163–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/er-05-2020-0246.
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PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to shed light on the rising waves of workplace militancy in the public sector and to provide insights into the perceptions that frame justification for industrial action among Ugandan public sector employees.Design/methodology/approachIn-depth interviews and documentary analysis, analysed qualitatively, as well as a review of theoretical and empirical literature.FindingsPublic school teachers and public university lecturers in Uganda who frequently engage in industrial action mainly rationalise their engagement by the absence, or the ineffectiveness of alternative conflict resolution mechanisms. The findings also show that industrial action, even in resource-constrained settings like Uganda, is stimulated more by the desire to achieve equity rather than by the basic desire to improve working conditions. It is also notable that new, often unstructured, forms of workplace militancy continue to emerge in the public sector, and waves of industrial action are shifting from the industrial to the public sector.Practical implicationsWhereas industrial action is a protected labour right, the findings of this research strongly suggest that public employees do not necessarily enjoy their right to engage, but only reluctantly take industrial action as a “last resort”. The findings will, therefore, help public managers and policymakers to appreciate their responsibility in reducing the compulsion for industrial action among public employees.Originality/valueThis paper provides a general explanation for industrial action from the perspective of the people involved, rather than explaining the causality of specific strike actions. At a time when industrial action is generally declining in the developed industrialised states, this paper sheds light on the rise in collective action in developing countries and especially in the public sector.
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Gallego Losada, Rocío. "critical analysis of the job instability in platform economy." Lex Social: Revista de Derechos Sociales 11, no. 2 (June 30, 2021): 122–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.46661/lexsocial.6045.
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This article reflects on the vulnerability of the new digital platform workers regarding their social rights, a highly controversial issue at the doctrinal and jurisprudential levels. Firstly, we analyse the greater job instability and lack of protection experienced by the workers in this type of platforms, and the labour legal framework that derives from these new business models. In this sense, the current doctrine can be grouped into two positions: a first one which defends that these workers should be considered employees and, therefore, remain under the umbrella of the general labour legislation; and a second one, that proposes a legal transformation to include these special workers. Secondly, we analyse the effects derived from the growing development of the platform economy for the Spanish Social Security system. This analysis focuses both on the effects of the protective action of the welfare state for their workers, as well as on its impact on the financing of the public pension system. The article draws a series of final conclusions warning about the possible crash of the fundamental social rights of platform workers.
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Ghiron, Laura, Eric Ramirez-Ferrero, Rita Badiani, Regina Benevides, Alexis Ntabona, Peter Fajans, and Ruth Simmons. "Promoting Scale-Up Across a Global Project Platform: Lessons from the Evidence to Action Project." Global Implementation Research and Applications 1, no. 2 (May 18, 2021): 69–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s43477-021-00013-4.
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AbstractThe USAID-funded flagship family planning service delivery project named Evidence to Action (E2A) worked from 2011 to 2021 to improve family planning and reproductive health for women and girls across seventeen nations in sub-Saharan Africa using a “scaling-up mindset.” The paper discusses three key lessons emerging from the project’s experience with applying ExpandNet’s systematic approach to scale up. The methodology uses ExpandNet/WHO’s scaling-up framework and guidance tools to design and implement pilot or demonstration projects in ways that look ahead to their future scale-up; develop a scaling-up strategy with local stakeholders; and then strategically manage the scaling-up process. The paper describes how a scaling-up mindset was engendered, first within the project’s technical team in Washington and then how they subsequently sought to build capacity at the country level to support scale-up work throughout E2A’s portfolio of activities. The project worked with local multi-stakeholder resource teams, often led by government officials, to equip them to lead the scale-up of family planning and health system strengthening interventions. Examples from project experience in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Kenya, Nigeria, and Uganda illustrating key concepts are discussed. E2A also established a community of practice on systematic approaches to scale up as a platform for sharing learning across a variety of technical agencies engaged in scale-up work and to create learning opportunities for interacting with thought leaders around critical scale-up issues.
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Salanauskaite, Lina. "Gender segregation in education, training and the labour market: Emerging findings from the Beijing Platform for Action report." STEM Gender Equality Congress Proceedings 1, no. 1 (June 1, 2017): 554–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.21820/25150774.2017.1.24.
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Metawala, Prachi, Kathrin Golda-Pongratz, and Clara Irazábal. "Revisiting Engels’ ‘housing question’: Work and housing conditions of immigrant platform delivery riders in Barcelona." Human Geography 14, no. 2 (May 14, 2021): 243–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/19427786211010131.
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In his 1872 The housing question, Friedrich Engels addressed the housing problems faced by the proletarian migrant workers in major industrial centres. He asserted that they could only be solved by first resolving their harsh working conditions in the capitalist mode of mass production. Presently, with transnational migrant flows to urban centres and the mass acceptance of the digital platform economy, the housing question manifests itself, among other expressions, in the case of immigrants working in this digital contract-based market. While the platform economy provides immigrants with quick access into a host country’s labour market, the income insecurity and high risks associated with such work put them in a state of precariousness. Through the framework of Engels’ proposed action lines and analysis of observations and interviews with immigrant riders working for the food delivery platforms Glovo and Deliveroo, the paper highlights the negative impacts that this contemporary capitalist model of work, the municipal housing plan and the ongoing Covid-19 crisis have on the immigrant riders’ residential and working conditions in Barcelona, Spain, a city facing a severe rental housing shortage. Lastly, it suggests that, while the social market economy in Spain can be reformed to ameliorate the negative impacts of the platform economy on immigrant riders, bridging the gap between immigrant housing provision and employment inclusion would need to consider decent labour and housing as rights for residents, immigrants included, asserting the currency of Engels’ ideas.
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Liu, Xiaoli. "Research on decision-making strategy of soccer robot based on multi-agent reinforcement learning." International Journal of Advanced Robotic Systems 17, no. 3 (May 1, 2020): 172988142091696. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1729881420916960.
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This article studies a multi-agent reinforcement learning algorithm based on agent action prediction. In multi-agent system, the action of learning agent selection is inevitably affected by the action of other agents, so the reinforcement learning system needs to consider the joint state and joint action of multi-agent based on this. In addition, the application of this method in the cooperative strategy learning of soccer robot is studied, so that the multi-agent system can pass through the environment. To realize the division of labour and cooperation of multi-robots, the interactive learning is used to master the behaviour strategy. Combined with the characteristics of decision-making of soccer robot, this article analyses the role transformation and experience sharing of multi-agent reinforcement learning, and applies it to the local attack strategy of soccer robot, uses this algorithm to learn the action selection strategy of the main robot in the team, and uses Matlab platform for simulation verification. The experimental results prove the effectiveness of the research method, and the superiority of the proposed method is validated compared with some simple methods.
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Tassinari, Arianna, and Vincenzo Maccarrone. "Riders on the Storm: Workplace Solidarity among Gig Economy Couriers in Italy and the UK." Work, Employment and Society 34, no. 1 (July 26, 2019): 35–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0950017019862954.
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In light of the individualisation, dispersal and pervasive monitoring that characterise work in the ‘gig economy’, the development of solidarity among gig workers could be expected to be unlikely. However, numerous recent episodes of gig workers’ mobilisation require reconsideration of these assumptions. This article contributes to the debate about potentials and obstacles for solidarity in the changing world of work by showing the processes through which workplace solidarity among gig workers developed in two cases of mobilisation of food delivery platform couriers in the UK and Italy. Through the framework of labour process theory, the article identifies the sources of antagonism in the app-mediated model of work organisation and the factors that facilitated and hindered the consolidation of active solidarity and the emergence of collective action among gig workers. The article emphasises the centrality of workers’ agential practices in overcoming constraints to solidarity and collective action, and the diversity of forms through which solidarity can be expressed in hostile work contexts.
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Catá, Alexandra S. "Convergence of Rhetoric, Labour, and Play in the Construction of Inactive Discourses on Twitch." Digital Culture & Society 5, no. 2 (December 1, 2019): 133–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.14361/dcs-2019-0209.
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Abstract Twitch is a complex space that involves both laborious play and “playbour” through the commodification of streamers time and the gamification of streamer interaction through emotes and bits. As a result, this creates a rhetorical space where celebrity, race, and gender are tension points that reflect disproportionate power structures on Twitch. Coupled with the fact that Twitch also functions as the main broadcast platform for esports tournaments, understanding how streamers rhetorically position themselves and interact with audiences as content creators, streamers, celebrities, and, for some, esports athletes it is important as video games increasingly become a mainstream form of entertainment. In addition to examining streamers, we also need to understand how average audiences, both casual, non-competitive gamers, and mainstream audiences will consume and react to streamer discussions and discourse and how that impacts attitudes in the community, particularly in relation to toxicity towards minorities. My paper uses Tyler “Ninja” Belvin’s statement “I don’t play with female gamers” (Frank 2018) as a rhetorical case study for examining rhetorical power, celebrity, and privilege on Twitch. I ultimately argue that Twitch is a site of laborious play and “playbour” that perpetually remains socially inactive in supporting and accepting minorities on the platform. To support this argument, I use Carolyn Miller’s “Genre as Social Action” (1984) to situate the rhetorics around this situation using her features (context, recursive patterns, discourse, mediation, and exigence) to analyse two interviews with Ninja, labour and commodification structures on Twitch, and Twitch chat. Through these, I identify the rhetorical implications of Ninja’s statements, how it affects the Twitch gaming community, and reveal a complex power structure that ultimately fails to acknowledge the streamers’ rhetorical power and influence while continuing to perpetuate toxic gaming attitudes towards minorities.
Books on the topic "Platform for Labour Action (Uganda)"
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Amir Anwar, Mohammad, and Mark Graham. The Digital Continent. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198840800.001.0001.
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Only ten years ago, there were more internet users in countries like France or Germany than in all of Africa put together. But much has changed in a decade. The year 2018 marks the first year in human history in which a majority of the world’s population are now connected to the internet. This mass connectivity means that we have an internet that no longer connects only the world’s wealthy. Workers from Lagos to Johannesburg to Nairobi and everywhere in between can now apply for and carry out jobs coming from clients who themselves can be located anywhere in the world. Digital outsourcing firms can now also set up operations in the most unlikely of places in order to tap into hitherto disconnected labour forces. With CEOs in the Global North proclaiming that ‘location is a thing of the past’ (Upwork, 2018), and governments and civil society in Africa promising to create millions of jobs on the continent, the book asks what this ‘new world of digital work’ means to the lives of African workers. It draws from a year-long fieldwork in South Africa, Kenya, Nigeria, Ghana, and Uganda, with over 200 interviews with participants including gig workers, call and contact centre workers, self-employed freelancers, small-business owners, government officials, labour union officials, and industry experts. Focusing on both platform-based remote work and call and contact centre work, the book examines the job quality implications of digital work for the lives and livelihoods of African workers.
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Mariniello, Mario. Digital Economic Policy. Oxford University PressOxford, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198831471.001.0001.
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Abstract The emergence of new technologies and business models such as data analytics, online platforms, and artificial intelligence has shaken the economy and society at their foundations. Recently, it has become apparent that public authorities must take a pro-active role to define the rules of the newly emerged markets before potential issues and concerns cement. How rules are currently written determines who will exert a stronger influence on the economy and society in the coming years. This is a key reason why digital policymakers are currently exposed to tremendous pressure by stakeholders. This book takes a journey through all the main areas in the digital economy that beg for policy action. Readers may learn about the general features of a digital economy and the EU long-term strategic plans to govern it. They may learn about telecom markets, the data economy, the digitization of the public sector, cybersecurity, the platform economy, liability for online content, e-commerce, the sharing economy, the impact of technology on labour markets, digital inequality, disinformation, and artificial intelligence. This book primarily aims to provide students with the background knowledge and analytical tools necessary to understand, analyse, and assess the impact of EU digital policies on the European economy and society. The approach is both theoretical and applied. The main goal is to prepare students to give informed and economically sound advice to an EU policymaker for digital affairs.
Book chapters on the topic "Platform for Labour Action (Uganda)"
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Bala, Shashi, and Nimra Khan. "Gender, Leadership, and ICT." In Gender Perspectives on Industry 4.0 and the Impact of Technology on Mainstreaming Female Employment, 149–73. IGI Global, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-8594-8.ch008.
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Mainstreaming women has been an agenda of the policymakers for long. The Beijing platform for action initiated this in 1995. Still, across the world, women have been denied expressing their potential in various forums. Though the glass ceiling has been crossed in many developing countries, we don't know at what social cost that glass ceiling has been crossed. Technology has played a vital role in effective communication to reach out to target groups, but it has also created a digital divide among the users for men and women. In this chapter, the authors analyze the significance of positive leadership in motivating inclusive growth and sustainable development. They present various case studies on leadership styles being adopted in various organizations that motivated women to be a part of the active labour market without facing any discrimination on the grounds of sex. They explore flexible working hours and the provision of institutes and infrastructure for a conducive working environment in this chapter.
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Sterelny, Kim. "Epilogue: Why Only Us?" In The Pleistocene Social Contract, 157–62. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197531389.003.0005.
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The last four chapters have charted the development in our lineage of a coevolutionary loop linking intergenerational information flow and ecological/economic cooperation. The upshot has transformed both human lifeways and the world in which we live. That leaves us with an inevitable question. Once defection is controlled, the profits of information sharing, collective action, the division of labour and exchange are immense. So why have so few species of vertebrates evolved the capacity to exploit those profits? With marginal exceptions, sustained, expensive and extensive cooperation is confined to the hominins. The problem seems to be with the initial establishment of cooperation. As this book shows, once a fairly modest platform of informational and ecological cooperation is built, there are positive feedback loops that can stabilize that cooperation, and in some circumstances expand it. While there is no guarantee that this loop will kick in, once rudimentary cultural learning and cooperation were linked in our lineage, it was not difficult to explain their stabilization and expansion. But cooperative niches are difficult to enter. There are, for example, remarkably few well attested examples of direct reciprocation amongst animals in nature (that is, between animals that are not closely related), even though theory suggests that the conditions under which direct reciprocation are stable should be fairly widespread. All that is necessary is that the two individuals have a high probability of regular future interaction in which each could benefit from the other, plus an environment in which help is cheap to give and valuable to receive (like reciprocal childcare)....
Reports on the topic "Platform for Labour Action (Uganda)"
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Lees, Shelley, and Mark Marchant. Key Considerations: Cross-Border Dynamics Between Uganda and Tanzania in the Context of the Outbreak of Ebola, 2022. Institute of Development Studies, December 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/sshap.2022.046.
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This brief summarises key considerations concerning cross-border dynamics between Tanzania and Uganda in the context of the outbreak of Ebola (Sudan Virus Disease, SVD) in Uganda. It is part of a series focusing on at-risk border areas between Uganda and four high priority neighbouring countries: Rwanda; Tanzania; Kenya and South Sudan. The current outbreak is of the Sudan strain of Ebola (SVD). SVD is used in this paper to refer to the current outbreak in East Africa, whereas outbreaks of Zaire Ebolavirus disease or general references to Ebola are referred to as EVD. The current outbreak began in Mubende, Uganda, on 19 September 2022, approximately 240km from the Uganda-Tanzania border. It has since spread to nine Ugandan districts, including two in the Kampala metropolitan area. Kampala is a transport hub, with a population over 3.6 million. While the global risk from SVD remains low according to the World Health Organization, its presence in the Ugandan capital has significantly heightened the risk to regional neighbours. At the time of writing, there had been no cases of Ebola imported from Uganda into Tanzania. This brief provides details about cross-border relations, the political and economic dynamics likely to influence these, and specific areas and actors most at risk. It is based on a rapid review of existing published and grey literature, previous ethnographic research in Tanzania, and informal discussions with colleagues from the Tanzania’s Ministry of Health, Community Development, Gender, Elderly and Children (MoHCDGEC), Tanzania National Institute for Medical Research (NIMR), Uganda Red Cross Society, Tanzania Red Cross Society (TRCS), International Organization for Migration (IOM), IFRC, US CDC and CDC Tanzania. The brief was developed by Shelley Lees and Mark Marchant (London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine) with support from Olivia Tulloch (Anthrologica) and Hugh Lamarque (University of Edinburgh). Additional review and inputs were provided by The Tanzania Red Cross and UNICEF. The brief is the responsibility of the Social Science in Humanitarian Action Platform (SSHAP).
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Moro, Leben, and Alice Robinson. Key Considerations: Cross-Border Dynamics between Uganda and South Sudan in the Context of the Outbreak of Ebola, 2022. Institute of Development Studies, December 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/sshap.2022.045.
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This brief summarises key considerations concerning cross-border dynamics between South Sudan and Uganda in the context of the 2022 outbreak of Ebola in Uganda, and the risk of the spread of the virus into South Sudan. It is one of four briefs exploring cross-border dynamics in the context of the outbreak, alongside Kenya, Rwanda and Tanzania. The outbreak is of the Sudan strain of Ebola (Sudan Virus Disease, SVD). SVD is used in this paper to refer to the current outbreak in East Africa, whereas outbreaks of Zaire Ebolavirus disease or general references to Ebola are referred to as EVD. The outbreak of SVD began in Mubende, Uganda, on 19 September 2022. At the time of writing (25 November), there had been 141 confirmed cases and 55 deaths, including seven health workers. Infections had been confirmed in nine districts in Uganda, including in Kampala – a major transport hub. Vaccines used in previous Ebola outbreaks are effective against the Zaire strain of Ebola, and vaccines that could work against the Sudan strain remain under investigation. As of November 2022, there have been no confirmed cases of SVD imported into South Sudan, although several alerts have been investigated. However, the fear that travellers from Uganda might bring the disease into South Sudan has spurred preparations by government institutions and partner organisations, building on the experiences acquired during past outbreaks, particularly Ebola and COVID-19. An EVD High Level Taskforce has been formed, chaired by the Minister for Cabinet Affairs and co-chaired by the Minister of Health. The South Sudan Ministry of Health (MoH) has activated the Public Health Emergency Operation Centre (PHEOC) and Incident Management System (IMS). A national EVD Readiness Plan has been developed and endorsed by the government. A free hotline (number 6666) is in place, which can be used either to report suspected cases or for information on Ebola. Training of staff at border entry points has started. This brief is based on a rapid review of published and grey literature, and informal discussions with the South Sudan Red Cross, IOM, academics from University of Juba, and the PHEOC. It was requested by the Collective Service and was written by Leben Nelson Moro (University of Juba) and Alice Robinson (London School of Economics). It was reviewed by colleagues at the University of Bath, the PHEOC, Internews, Anthrologica, the Institute of Development Studies and the Collective Service. The brief is the responsibility of the Social Science in Humanitarian Action Platform (SSHAP).