Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Platon – Et Socrate'
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Lucchelli, Juan Pablo. "Lacan avec Platon : le Socrate de Lacan." Thesis, Paris 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA010526/document.
Full textLacan makes Socrate the historical antecedent of the psychoanalyst. In his seminar about the transfer, he bases on Plato's Symposium to demonstrate how Socrate makes a maneuver worthy of an analyst: when Alcibiade declares his love to him, he send him back to Agathon. Thus, we can say that the "interpretation" of Socrates reveals the true object of Alcibiade's desire, proving to him that it takes three to love: such is the Socratic ethics. But Plato's dialogue is also interesting as it highlights what Lacan calls the "metaphor of love", namely the reversal through which the loved one, which is the center and the object of the other's desire, becomes the lover, expressing a lack and abandoning his comfortable position. Thus, Lacan uses Plato to understand how the psychoanalysis operates: in any analysis worthy of the name is effected a reversal, a permutation of places, which allows the subject to turn to the unconscious, to the desire of the Other. We can say more: there is no unconscious strictly speaking before a change of enunciative places occurs
Émond, Steeve. "La théorie socratique de l'allégorie de la caverne selon "La république" de Platon." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/mq33630.pdf.
Full textBergeron, Martin. "Le lien entre l'induction et la définition dans les dialogues socratiques de Platon." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape9/PQDD_0018/MQ43764.pdf.
Full textMallet, Joan. "La question de la theía moîra chez Platon." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018MON30029.
Full textSurprisingly, scholars have always paid a relatively limited attention to Plato’s theía moîra - an academic silence which proved damaging to its exegetical analysis. Notwithstanding the contributions of German (Zeller), French (Souihlé, Des Places) or British and American (Berry, Greene) specialists, who all tried to interpret the theía moîra, these attempts failed to offer a satisfactory analysis of Plato’s θεία μοῖρα. Though Plato refers to the theía moîra many times in his work, it is extremely difficult to either precisely define or to supply a definitive translation of the theía moîra. Nor can one easily make it fit into any preconceived thematic field.This disparity, as surprising as it may seem, nevertheless poses a certain number of problems. Our work aims to provide an interpretative framework for the theía moîra revolving around two main axes. First, we will demonstrate the limits of the existing body of scholarly work by pointing out the over-simplification of the theía moîra inherent to those studies (particularly the skeptical, ironic, taxonomic, genetic and anachronistic approaches). Second, so as to understand the complexity of the meaning of the theía moîra, our work intends to establish a methodology built upon pivotal aspects and meanings (sophistic, Socratic, ecstatic, technical, epistemological and political). More precisely, the ambition of this work is to show that these pivotal aspects and meanings are very often guided by a triple principle of formulation, neglect and rediscovery and that this triple principle serves to provide an answer to the multiplicity of questions and difficulties which readers are accustomed to meet in Plato’s work
Marier, Martin. "Le Dieu de Platon : essai sur le Daimon-Socrate comme paradigme de la rationalité platonicienne." Thesis, Université Laval, 2012. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2012/28855/28855.pdf.
Full textOrtega, Manez Maria. "Mimèsis en jeu. Une analyse de la relation entre théâtre et philosophie." Thesis, Paris 4, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA040170.
Full textTheatre and philosophy present diverse modes of interaction throughout their history. In order to interrogate their relationship, this investigation will focus on the analysis of the quarrel which, in the fifth century B.C. in Greece, opposes two of their representatives, Aristophanes and Plato. An analysis of the works that launch their respective attacks will enable us to reveal the stakes of this confrontation, as well as to evaluate their impact. From this perspective, the notion of mimèsis appears at stake but also « at play » – hence, it is en jeu: term of theatrical origins which essentially contains the meaning of the actor’s « play », mimèsis comprises not only the central argument of Plato’s critique of poetry, but furthermore, the articulation point between the two worlds of his ontology. The second part of our research is dedicated to the study of Plato’s elaboration of this concept in the Republic. This synthesis is also operated on a literal level by the dialogue as a writing form at a crossroads between philosophy and theatre, which we will approach through the examination of Plato’s dialogues from this double point of view. Taken together the different elements of our analysis reveal that, at the heart of their opposition, lies a deep bound whose contradictory nature has not ceased to manifest itself in the philosophical problem and the theatrical paradigm of representation
Pinard, Giorgia. "La perception de Socrate dans les études philosophiques en france et en italie de 1900 à 1950." Thesis, Paris 4, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA040160.
Full textUnder the direction of Professor Carlos Lévy (Sorbonne University) and Professor Emidio Spinelli (Rome University) this dissertation provides a critical comparative study of ancient philosophy. It focuses on the perception of Socrates’s work in France and Italy between 1900 and 1950. Rather than limiting the analysis to the unity of opposites, the goal consists of exploring the perpetual, dynamic polarity inherent in the dialogue. Moreover, this study aims at emphasizing the contrast that is fueled by a growing awareness of the underlying differences. Four leitmotive guide the work of eleven Socratic representations: First, La Politique, which is introduced by a paragraph on Socrate et la ville d’Athenes and followed by the works of Léon Robin and George Bastide. Second, Etique, which focuses on the moral value of Socrates’ discourse and which is developed by Antionio Banfi, Jean Patocka and Piero Martinetti. Third, Religion, which deals with the issue of his “gospel before the written word,” discussed by Jean André Festugière, Michele Federico Sciacca, Ernesto Buonaiuti etCarlo Mazzantini. And last, Dialegesthai, because its way of communicating becomes fundamental in the works of Guido Calogero and Giuseppe Rensi
Savard, Dave. "L'art de la citoyenneté : le Protagoras de Platon et la question de l'enseignement de la vertu." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/63514.
Full textÉmond, Steeve. "La définition socratico-platonicienne du "philosophe"." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/44427.
Full textKim, Iouseok. "Les attitudes émotionnelles des interlocuteurs dans les premiers dialogues de Platon." Paris 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA010604.
Full textKromicheff, Emmanuel. "La sagesse socratique ou l'exercice de la raison : étude sur les dialogues socratiques de Platon." Dijon, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002DIJOL008.
Full textLachance, Geneviève. "La conception platonicienne de la contradiction." Thesis, Paris 4, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA040023.
Full textThis thesis examines the notion of contradiction understood in its logical or formal sense. Specifically, it seeks to study that notion in a philosopher who, chronologically speaking, precedes the advent of syllogistic or logic: Plato. Based on an analysis of Plato’s refutative dialogues, this thesis will determine the form given by Plato to contradictory propositions, unveil the terminology and metaphors used by Plato to name and describe contradictions and evaluate the context in which Plato reflected upon contradiction. The analysis will reveal that Plato had a very clear idea of what is a logical contradiction and that he even had an influence on Aristotle when the latter defined his famous principle of non-contradiction
Lucciano, Mélanie. "Paene Socratico genere : figures de Socrate dans la littérature et la philosophie à Rome de Plaute à Sénèque." Thesis, Paris 4, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA040071.
Full textWhen, in 343 B.C., the Romans paid tribute to wisdom, they built a statue of Pythagoras. Why was not Socrates chosen instead ? Pliny the Elder wonders. This interrogation reflects the progressive integration of the figure of the Athenian philosopher in Rome, from the second century B.C. until the work of Seneca which internalises the Socratic teaching model.At first, the exhaustive corpus of the occurrences of Socrates is gathered in a diachronic perspective. The passages are contextualized in the entire work, its genre and the purposes of every author. The Greek sources are, when possible, identified : the presence of Socrates serves then as a marker for the reading of the texts of Plato, Xenophon, but also other Socratics like Aeschines.Secondly, the texts are studied according to chronological and thematic groupings : a double reception of Socrates is then defined, between praise and contempt, which articulates around his greatness, his founding role for the Hellenistic philosophic schools, his courageous death and, on the contrary, his denunciation of rhetoric or the fact that Socratics’ theories are useless to fight against passions. The philosophic lifestyle embodied by Socrates sometimes contrasts with the one defined by the mos maiorum, or by the elegiac poets. Various interpretations of Socrates come to light, as an ancestor of Cynicism and Stoicism, as a sceptic or a transcendentalist, paving the way for a cultural transfer of the Greek philosophical works but also of their exegeses. Whether it be in an historiographic, philosophic or literary perspective, Socrates gradually becomes an exemplum, a model of life
Ouellette, Patrick. "Socratisme et démocratie athénienne : un rapport de désengagement." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/11578.
Full textBoutros, Jean-Charles. "La philosophie vive plutôt que la philosophie à vif : Socrate aux périls de Marsyas : recherches sur les modes d'influence chez Platon, précédées d'une étude générale sur la magie et la pensée magique." Thesis, Paris 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA010717/document.
Full textTo explain the modes of influence operating in Plato’s Dialogues, we study how Socrates and others use their magic as several interlocutors have called Socrates a sorcerer. A framework is given to our research with a preliminary general study about magic covering anthropology, rituals – pathological (obsessive-compulsive disorders) or cultural – and magical thought. In Plato’s works, the way people think is influenced by many factors often unknowingly: personality, habits, society, ethics, ignorance, etc. Since it had been analyzed by Gorgias, speech experts, such as orators or sophists, have been using oratorical magic in their performances. And then the ambiguity of Socrates’ magic blatantly appears whereas he claims to refute falsehood and eliminate illusions. Different types of possession occur in Phaedrus, some uncontrolled, other controlled, entailing an initiation. Socrates carries out his magic in several striking cases of bewitchment and he also uses incantations in particular to sooth the fear of death. In the political field, the lawgiver finds an interest in using incantations for more effectiveness in his task since they can shape the forms of behaviors, create strong bond between citizens and contribute to social control. A law about crimes of magic is also designed
Castelnérac, Benoît. "La théorie platonicienne de l'éducation : les rapports de l'opinion et du savoir dans la constitution d'une paideia philosophique." Paris 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA010535.
Full textColrat, Paul. "Le mythe du philosophe-roi : savoir, pouvoir et salut dans la philosophie politique de Platonε." Thesis, Normandie, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019NORMC005.
Full textThe question of the philosophers’ reign can only be understood at the cost of a detour through the margins of classical politics. First of all, I have shown that these margins have historically been defined by a discourse focusing on the relationship between kingdom, knowledge and salvation (chapter 1). I have then shown that the notion of kingdom itself, when it is attributed to philosophers, positions itself in the margins of the notion of basilein, while actively subverting its classical meaning (chapter 2). The discourse about the philosophers’ reign must therefore be understood as an attempt coming from the margins of politics to use the traditional relation between the muthos and political unification, in order to subvert it, namely, to depose it. This required me to explore the way in which the philosopher can simultaneously be in the margins of politics and at the very foundation of politics (chapter 4). The philosopher’s position in the city is doubly marginal: first, he is not subject to the imperative to be useful to the city (chapter 5), and secondly, he is not subject to the imperative to ground knowledge in experience (chapter 6). Finally, I have set out to show that the philosophers’ reign inscribes itself within a quest for the city’s salvation, a theme that is itself marginal in Plato studies, and deserves more attention than it has hitherto received (chapter 7)
Mousseau, Fanie. "Elenchos et poésie : l'effet esthétique de Socrate dans le "Charmide" de Platon." Thèse, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/5974.
Full textPlato's Charmides is part of what we refer to as the «early dialogues», and we find in these dialogues a major feature of Socrates's philosophy, mainly refutation. However, while these refutations don't have any effects on the young Charmides, he still reacts to Socrates's refutation of Critias. We wonder how this indirect refutation produces such a reaction on Charmides. We look at how refutation represents here a purgative treatment not by using contradictory propositions, but with the use of a certain dialectic of the image, the ones of Critias and Socrates facing Charmides. Examining this dialectic, which refers to the study of the mimetic dimension that the young boy maintains with the two men, we wish to reflect on how the indirect refutation of Charmides draws the outline of Socrates's possible poetical activity. This poetry resists to the critics made later in the Republic pertaining to the use of images relating to certain models of virtue, by showing the motion of thought, and hence guiding Charmides in his own intellectual motion. By reflecting on the «poetical refutation» we find in Plato's Charmides, this thesis explores the possibility of linking what seems to ground Socrates's intellectualism in the early dialogues to the poetry that is rejected par Socrates in the Republic, besides the one that pertains to the «defense of good men».
Hains, Marylène. "Éducation politique des jeunes Athéniens prodiguée par les Socrate de Platon et de Xénophon." Thèse, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/16541.
Full textBoustany, Badih. "L'articulation entre le rapport de Socrate aux dieux et son rapport à la raison : le cas du signe divin." Thèse, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/3463.
Full textTo very few philosophers the history of the Western thought granted a place as significant as to Socrates: we quite naturally learn how to identify him as a hero of rationality and to recognize in him the very figure of the critical philosopher. In several respects, this representation of praise appears justified to us, although, from another point of view, it can make us sink in confusion, since our glance carries simultaneously, and like producing a contrast, on the image of Socrates obeying to the daimonion, his uncanny divine sign. How can we justify, starting from the Platonic corpus, both the engagement of Socrates with respect to rationality and his subordination to a seemingly irrational phenomenon? From this disconcerting question was born the present study which is thus devoted to the problem of the articulation between the relation of Socrates to the gods and his relation to the critical reason. More precisely, we sought to determine if there existed, on the epistemological level, a hierarchy between the daimonion and the method of rational investigation peculiar to Socrates, the elenchos. Such an exegetic study required, initially, a systematic and thorough analysis of the few passages related to the divine sign. We then adduced two paradigmatic solutions, that of G. Vlastos as well as that of T.C. Brickhouse and N.D. Smith. Lastly, we added to this second part besides a specific examination of Phaedrus and Timaeus, also a broad survey of the modes of divination, satisfying a triple aim: to make sense of the divine sign in comparison with the traditional art of mantic, to determine the role allotted by Plato to the reason in the divinatory process, and thus to be able to solve our principal question.
Castelnérac, Benoît. "La théorie platonicienne de l'éducation : les rapports de l'opinion et du savoir dans la constitution d'une paideia philosophique." Thèse, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/14277.
Full textGilbert, Tremblay Ugo. "La disculpation platonicienne : étude sur la signification et l'évolution du concept de faute involontaire dans l’œuvre de Platon." Thèse, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/12422.
Full textThis study intends to describe the successive meanings borrowed by the famous Socratic paradox of involuntary evil in the work of Plato. For that purpose, our ideas we will developed under three main themes: 1) the first will be to clarify the meaning covered by the voluntary and involuntary categories in ancient times, in order to avoid any anachronistic confusion with the modern meanings of these same concepts; 2) the second will seek to bring to light the anthropological postulate underlying Plato’s idea that no one could do wrong on his own purpose; 3) the third will in turn expose the three major exculpation devices developed by Plato in his work: the ignorant soul devices, of the inverted soul and of the diseased soul. We will thus show how Plato, contrary to the classic Christian theodicy, seeks to absolve human being from any real moral involvement in the causal genesis of his ‘‘bad’’ actions.