Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Plats complets'
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Hyardin, Aude. "Étude de la fonctionnalité alimentaire de plats industriels." Thesis, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008INPL038N/document.
Full textConsumers, researchers and industrialists try more and more to associate with the nutritional value of food, a beneficial effect for the health. Food characterized by high antioxidant powers seems to correspond to this demand. From an industrial point of view, it is necessary to develop methods of predicting this antioxidant capacity. The objectives of this work were to adapt a method reproducible and easy to realize of quantification of the antioxidant power on complex food and to compare this index of a set of products containing a wide range of raw materials. Until now, it has been considered that the use of raw materials characterized by a high antioxidant capacity also leads to a preparation with a high antioxidant activity. We evaluated many of the factors affecting the antioxidant activity of convenience foods (phenol content, effects of formulation, culinary reheating, and preservation) and to provide data on convenience foods consumed by the French population. The total antioxidant capacity of the ethanolic extracts was evaluated by the method of the equivalent Trolox (TEAC) using the radical cation ABTS•+. The concentration of the total phenolic compounds of the same extracts was determined by the Folin-Ciocalteu method. The results show that the food matrix is an important factor for the modulation of activities of antioxidants. A standardised testing protocol for evaluating antioxidative effects is necessary. Then, we discussed the interest of an index, as the industrialists are going to be brought to claim to the beneficial effect of the food chosen among a more and more ample sample
Tejada, Rosales Eva Maria. "Òxids complexes de coure i plata." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/3115.
Full textJohnston, James E. "Synthesis of control structures for complete chemical plants." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/52937.
Full textLakshmanan, Ramachandran. "Synthesis of operating procedures for complete chemical plants." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/14269.
Full textCanales, Gonzalez Carolina. "Hypersurfaces Levi-plates et leur complément dans les surfaces complexes." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015SACLS249/document.
Full textIn this work we study analytic Levi-flat hypersurfaces in complex algebraic surfaces. These are real hypersurfaces that admit a foliation by holomorphic curves, called Cauchy Riemann foliation (CR). First, we show that if this foliation admits chaotic dynamics (i.e. if it doesn't admit an invariant transverse measure), then the connected components of the complement of the hypersurface are Stein. This allows us to extend the CR foliation to a singular algebraic foliation on the ambient complex surface. We apply this result to prove, by contradiction, that analytic Levi-flat hypersurfaces admitting a transverse affine structure in a complex algebraic surface have a transverse invariant measure. This leads us to conjecture that Levi-flat hypersurfaces in complex algebraic surfaces that are diffeomorphic to a hyperbolic tori bundle over the circle are fibrations by algebraic curves
Duran, i. Carpintero Josep. "Síntesi, caracterització i avaluació com a catalitzadors de nous complexos quirals de platí." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Girona, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/8024.
Full textThe complexes are square-planar and the aminothiolate or phosphinothiolate ligands are chelated to platinum (II). The hydrido ligand is trans to the sulfur and the other coordination position is occuped by a triphenylphosphine ligand. The complexes are mononuclear and they show low symmetry. The only symmetry element, the plan is broke if the ligand is branched, obtaining asymmetric complexes C1.
If the ligand has electronic or esteric impediments the reaction doesn't run and the starting products are recovered. This was observed with N,N-dimethylcysteamine and penicylamine methyl esther ligands. In the special case of orthoaminotiophenol the hydridotiolate was obtained but the ligand was not chelated.
The aminothiolate complexes don't show solution equilibrium. Otherwise, the complexe with 2-(diphenylphosphino)ethanetiol show an isomerisation equilibrium which forms cis isomer as a minor component. The complexe with 2-(diphenylphosphino)-propanetiol shows a conformational equilibrium between chair and twist forms.
The complexes have been tested as catalyst precursors in hydroformylation and hydrosilylation reactions.
The hydroformylation reaction runs only in presence of SnCl2 as cocatalyst. Catalytic activity depends on the presence of triphenylphosphine and, with less magnitude, CO and H2 pressure. We also studied the enantioselectivity using a chiral complexe.
In the hydrosililation reaction, catalysts run with good results (<90%) using triethylsilane as silicon hydride. Dehydrogenative addition product has been also found in this reaction.
Blümlein, Katharina. "Arsenite phytochelatin complexes in plants : an analytical challenge /." Available from the University of Aberdeen Library and Historic Collections Digital Resources, 2008. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?application=DIGITOOL-3&owner=resourcediscovery&custom_att_2=simple_viewer&pid=25169.
Full textTitle from web page (viewed on Apr. 14, 2009). With: Stability of arsenic peptides in plant extracts: off-line versus on-line parallel elemental and molecular mass spectrometric detection for liquid chromatographic separation / Katharina Bluemlein, Andrea Raab, Jörg Feldman. Anal Bioanal Chem. With: Advantages and limitations of a desolvation system coupled online to HPLC-ICPqMS/ES-MS for the quantative determination of sulphur and arsenic in arseno-peptide complexes / Katharina Bluemlein, Eva M. Krupp and Jörge Feldman. Journal of analytical atomic spectrometry, 2009: 24, 108-113. With: Can we trust mass spectrimetry for determination of arsenic peptides in plants: comparison of LC-ICP-MS and LC-ES-MS/ICP-MS waith XANES/EXAFS in analysis of Thunberfia alata / Katharine Bleumlein .. et al. Includes bibliographical references.
Phillip, Denise Mary. "Xanthophylls in light-harvesting complexes of higher plants." Thesis, Liverpool John Moores University, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.242313.
Full textBlümlein, Katharina. "Arsenite phytochelatin complexes in plants : an analytical challenge." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2008. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=25169.
Full textRizkallah, Hind Dunya. "The characterisation of nascent pectin complexes in pea plants." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2005. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/7092/.
Full textMoreau, Philippe. "Nouvelle stratégie pour le formage de produits plats vers une géométrie complexe avec conception assistée par ordinateur modèles éléments finis et métrologie : Application au fluage et pressage de verre plat." Valenciennes, 1994. https://ged.uphf.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/fc1970be-0071-4fd7-b31c-fe536a37e53e.
Full textBarbi, Tommaso. "Expression of secreted and plasma membrane associated antibody complexes in plants." Thesis, St George's, University of London, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.526034.
Full textCousin, Gaël. "Connexions plates logarithmiques de rang deux sur le plan projectif complexe." Phd thesis, Université Rennes 1, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00779098.
Full textGóral, Tomasz Krzysztof. "Dynamics of photosynthetic complexes in the thylakoid membranes from higher plants." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 2011. http://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/2354.
Full textBhat, Shreyas. "Salinity (conductivity) sensor based on parallel plate capacitors." [Tampa, Fla] : University of South Florida, 2005. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0001381.
Full textKoehler, Samantha 1975. "Relações filogeneticas e diversificação no complexo 'Maxillaria Madida' (Maxillariinae:Orchidaceae)." [s.n.], 2007. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/315354.
Full textTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Biologia
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-10T06:25:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Koehler_Samantha_D.pdf: 6443365 bytes, checksum: 6a01c884fb24c1fbf015cf1b2ab4e212 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007
Resumo: Não informado
Abstract: Not informed.
Doutorado
Biologia Vegetal
Mestre em Biologia Vegetal
Markwardt, Jutta, Günther Pfeifer, Uwe Eckelt, and Bernd Reitemeier. "Analysis of Complications after Reconstruction of Bone Defects Involving Complete Mandibular Resection Using Finite Element Modelling." Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2014. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-134947.
Full textHintergrund: In einer retrospektiven Studie wurden Risikofaktoren für Komplikationen nach Überbrückung von Unterkieferdefekten mit Rekonstruktionsplatten geprüft. Insbesondere die Lockerungsvorgänge des Schrauben- Platten-Unterkiefer-Verbundes sollten mit einer Finite- Elemente-Modellierung analysiert werden, um in Zukunft eine Reduzierung der Plattenkomplikationen erreichen zu können. Patienten und Methoden: Es wurden 60 Patienten untersucht, welche im Zeitraum von 10 Jahren im Rahmen von Tumoroperationen mit Rekonstruktionsplatten versorgt wurden. Das Problem der Lockerung der Plattenschrauben wurde zusätzlich mittels einer Finite-Elemente-Studie überprüft und ein Modell für den Lockerungsvorgang erarbeitet. Ergebnisse: Die Nachuntersuchungen ergaben, dass bei 26 Patienten die Platte wegen Komplikationen vorzeitig entfernt werden musste. Die Komplikationen traten als orale und extraorale Plattenfreilage, als Schraubenlockerung ohne oder mit Plattendislokationen und als Plattenbrüche auf. Dabei konnte festgestellt werden, dass bestehende Stützzonen des körpereigenen Restgebisses, die Größe des Unterkieferdefektes und dessen Mittellinienüberschreitung Risikofaktoren für Plattenkomplikationen darstellen. Anhand der Finite-Elemente-Modellierung wurde eine veränderte Schraubenanordnung abgeleitet. Daraus resultiert eine neue Form der Resektionsplatte. Schlussfolgerungen: Durch die Verschiebung der Schraubenlöcher aus der Längsachse der Platte kann der Übergang von der Zugbelastung zur Drehmomentbelastung der Schrauben im Schrauben-Platten-Knochen-Verbund der Platte minimiert werden. Dadurch werden Schraubenlockerungen als Komplikationen wesentlich seltener auftreten
Dieser Beitrag ist mit Zustimmung des Rechteinhabers aufgrund einer (DFG-geförderten) Allianz- bzw. Nationallizenz frei zugänglich
Santana, Fernanda Lemes de. "O papel da modelagem estruturante no processo de elaboração dos planos de manejo das unidades de conservação: casos e reflexões." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/16/16139/tde-13122017-153317/.
Full textThe creation of Conservation Units is a globally used strategy to guarantee the conservation of natural resources and environmental, economic and social sustainability, having as main planning and management tool the management plan. Before and after the promulgation of the National System of Conservation Units, several management plans were elaborated based on established methods that do not consider the time variable for the definition of actions for conservation and recovery of natural resources in the short, medium and long term. Aiming to contribute to the methodological improvement of the management plans, the present research presents a compilation on the conservation units and respective management plans, having as case study, for the analysis of the established method, the APA Management Plan Várzea do Rio Tietê. In addition, the research presents a description of the main economic - ecological modeling tools in order to know alternative and complementary concepts and methods to elaborate management plans. From the studied ferments, InVest presents itself as the most operational, producing models for biophysical quantification, mapping and monetary valuation of the benefits provided by terrestrial and marine ecosystems, while MIMES presents itself as being the most suitable for any scale Of dynamic and integrated models that, in addition to identifying, evaluating and valuing ecosystem services. Both models consider the time variable and establish scenarios from them. At the end, it was observed that the methods established for the elaboration of the management plans of the Conservation Units do not consider the time variable insofar as they do not define the scenarios and trends for overcoming or not the resilience threshold of the ecosystems protected by the conservation units. Conservation, the traditional method analyzes the current situation without constructing scenarios for conservation and recovery of these natural resources in the short, medium and long term. Thus, the question is not the definition of how much ecosystem services are worth for society, but rather what is the real resilience threshold of the ecosystem.
Markwardt, Jutta, Günther Pfeifer, Uwe Eckelt, and Bernd Reitemeier. "Analysis of Complications after Reconstruction of Bone Defects Involving Complete Mandibular Resection Using Finite Element Modelling." Karger, 2007. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A27607.
Full textHintergrund: In einer retrospektiven Studie wurden Risikofaktoren für Komplikationen nach Überbrückung von Unterkieferdefekten mit Rekonstruktionsplatten geprüft. Insbesondere die Lockerungsvorgänge des Schrauben- Platten-Unterkiefer-Verbundes sollten mit einer Finite- Elemente-Modellierung analysiert werden, um in Zukunft eine Reduzierung der Plattenkomplikationen erreichen zu können. Patienten und Methoden: Es wurden 60 Patienten untersucht, welche im Zeitraum von 10 Jahren im Rahmen von Tumoroperationen mit Rekonstruktionsplatten versorgt wurden. Das Problem der Lockerung der Plattenschrauben wurde zusätzlich mittels einer Finite-Elemente-Studie überprüft und ein Modell für den Lockerungsvorgang erarbeitet. Ergebnisse: Die Nachuntersuchungen ergaben, dass bei 26 Patienten die Platte wegen Komplikationen vorzeitig entfernt werden musste. Die Komplikationen traten als orale und extraorale Plattenfreilage, als Schraubenlockerung ohne oder mit Plattendislokationen und als Plattenbrüche auf. Dabei konnte festgestellt werden, dass bestehende Stützzonen des körpereigenen Restgebisses, die Größe des Unterkieferdefektes und dessen Mittellinienüberschreitung Risikofaktoren für Plattenkomplikationen darstellen. Anhand der Finite-Elemente-Modellierung wurde eine veränderte Schraubenanordnung abgeleitet. Daraus resultiert eine neue Form der Resektionsplatte. Schlussfolgerungen: Durch die Verschiebung der Schraubenlöcher aus der Längsachse der Platte kann der Übergang von der Zugbelastung zur Drehmomentbelastung der Schrauben im Schrauben-Platten-Knochen-Verbund der Platte minimiert werden. Dadurch werden Schraubenlockerungen als Komplikationen wesentlich seltener auftreten.
Dieser Beitrag ist mit Zustimmung des Rechteinhabers aufgrund einer (DFG-geförderten) Allianz- bzw. Nationallizenz frei zugänglich.
Vedovato, Nádia Pita Figueiredo [UNESP]. "Otimização de protocolos de germinação in vitro de pinhão-manso (Jatropha curcas L.)." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/92651.
Full textCoordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
O pinhão-manso (Jatropha curcas L.) é uma oleaginosa da família Euphorbiaceae, que se destaca pelo seu grande potencial sócio econômico e como uma excelente alternativa para a produção de biodiesel. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo principal a padronização e otimização de protocolos de cultivo in vitro para embriões e sementes com adição dos suplementos complexo vitamínico e ácido giberélico em meio MS, visando a obtenção de plântulas assépticas para a extração de explantes que serão utilizados em outros processos de cultura de tecidos e transformação genética para a produção futura de mudas comerciais padronizadas. No primeiro experimento com embriões, em meio MS com sacarose e ágar foram acrescidas várias dosagens de um complexo vitamínico (0,0; 0,5; 1,0; 2,0; 3,0 e 4,0 ml.L-1) e após duas semanas do estabelecimento, dez variáveis foram analisadas. Foi utilizado o delineamento inteiramente casualizado com quatro repetições. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância, e as variáveis significativas tiveram suas médias comparadas pelo teste Tukey (5%) e algumas pela regressão polinomial. Os resultados indicaram que a adição de vitaminas ao meio de cultura não é essencial para a germinação e crescimento inicial. No entanto, para a formação de raízes, a presença do complexo vitamínico forneceu incrementos nos resultados. A presença de folhas também respondeu positivamente com o aumento da dosagem de vitaminas. No segundo experimento com as sementes, várias dosagens de ácido giberélico GA3 (0,0; 1,0; 2,0; 4,0; 6,0 e 8,0 mg.L-1) foram acrescentadas em meio MS com sacarose e ágar e após duas semanas dez variáveis foram analisadas. Foi utilizado o delineamento inteiramente casualizado com quatro repetições. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância...
The phisic nut (Jatropha curcas L.) is an oil family Euphorbiaceae, which is distinguished by its great potential economic partner and as an excellent alternative to produce biodiesel. The present work had as main objective the standardization and optimization of protocols for in vitro embryos and seeds with the addition of multivitamin supplements and gibberellic acid on MS medium, in order to obtain seedlings for the extraction of aseptic explants to be used in other processes of tissue culture and genetic transformation for the future production of standard commercial seedlings. In the first experiment with embryos in MS medium with sucrose and agar were added various doses of a vitamin complex (0.0, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0 and 4.0 ml.l-1) and after two weeks of the establishment, ten variables were analyzed. We used a completely randomized design with four replications. Data were subjected to analysis of variance, and the significant variables had their means compared by Tukey test (5%) and some by polynomial regression. The results indicated that the addition of vitamins to the culture medium is not essential for germination and early growth. However, for root formation, the presence of vitamin complex increments provided in the results. The presence of leaves also responded positively by increasing the dosage of vitamins. In the second experiment with the seeds, various doses of gibberellic acid GA3 (0.0, 1.0, 2.0, 4.0, 6.0 and 8.0 mg.L-1) were added in MS medium with sucrose and agar, and after two weeks ten variables were analyzed. We used a completely randomized design with four replications. Data were subjected to analysis of variance, and the significant variables had their means compared by Tukey test (5%) and some by polynomial regression, as in the first experiment. The results indicated that the... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Boixassa, Mallarach Anna. "Síntesi, caracterització i reactivitat de complexos de Pd(II), Pt(II) i Rh(II) amb lligands pirazòlics N1-substituïts amb grups alcohol, èter i polièter." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/3166.
Full textKhaloui, Mostafa. "Espace de twisteurs et complexification d'une variété condormément plate." Nancy 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987NAN10090.
Full textGay, Marín Marina. "Disseny de diamines i els seus complexos de platí(II). Estudi de l'activitat antiproliferativa." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/2771.
Full textAquest treball s'emmarca dins la síntesi de nous lligands no làbils per a l'obtenció d'una família de complexos de platí amb activitat citotòxica. Es volen establir, en última instància, correlacions estructura-activitat que contribueixin a una millor comprensió dels mecanismes d'actuació d'aquest tipus de compostos i a l'obtenció de nous complexos de platí amb propietats antiproliferatives prometedores. A continuació es resumeix el treball realitzat.
· S'ha realitzat la síntesi de diamines terciàries mitjançant diferents mètodes sintètics, tots ells en pocs passos i rendiments acceptables.
· La coordinació d'aquests lligands al platí(II) a través dels grups amino, no ha tingut lloc de la forma esperada, a causa de l'impediment estèric dels grups metils de les amines. Tanmateix s'han obtingut dos complexos de platí organometàl·lics, que no s'han descartat a l'hora de realitzar els estudis d'interacció amb el DNA i de citotoxicitat.
· La síntesi de diamines es redireccionà cap a l'obtenció d'amines primàries, tant bicícliques com monocícliques. Les diferents síntesis s'han dut a terme mitjançant mètodes versàtils basats en la reacció de Diels Alder, via nitril o via azida, a partir de productes molt accessibles comercialment. S'ha obtingut tota una família de lligands amb un esquelet del tipus 1,2-bis(aminometil)ciclohexà, que presenten diferents característiques estructurals, amb la intenció d'estudiar la seva influència en l'activitat.
· A partir de les diamines primàries obtingudes s'han sintetitzat els corresponents complexos de platí(II), on el lligand es coordina al platí a través dels grups amino formant l'anell de set baules esperat. Com a lligands làbils s'han emprat tant clorurs, com iodurs. La substitució de iodurs per altres lligands com els clorurs o l'oxalat, capaços de modificar la farmacocinètica dels compostos, és susceptible d'ésser optimitzada i s'estudiarà en el futur.
· S'ha estudiat de forma qualitativa la seva interacció amb el DNA mitjançant diferents tècniques. El dicroïsme circular ha permès l'estudi dels canvis produïts en l'estructura secundària del DNA. Les modificacions produïdes en l'estructura terciària del DNA s'han vist mitjançant electroforesi en gel d'agarosa. Finalment s'han visualitzat les imatges amb al tècnica de microscòpia de forces atòmiques. En general es pot dir que tots els complexos, en major o menor mesura, són capaços de modificar l'estructura del DNA. S'han establert diferents relacions en funció de les característiques estructurals dels lligands no làbils dels complexos.
Since the discovery of its anticancer activity, several new analogs of cisplatin [cis-diamminedichloroplatinum(II), cis-PtCl2(NH3)2] have been synthesized and tested for biological activity. The main goal of this research is to increase the cytotoxicity of the drug relative to cisplatin, and to alleviate side effects that cisplatin treatment brings about. Moreover, in some cases, after the initial treatment tumours become resistant. So the development of drugs without acquired resistance is also an important research field. Some of these platinum compounds are now considered potent anticancer drugs, but only a few are currently being used (cisplatin, carboplatin, oxaloplatin and nedaplatin). Precise mechanism of antitumour action of platinum drugs is not completely understood, but DNA is believed to be the main target of this kind of drugs by forming bifunctional adducts.
Within our research project we are working in designing new carrier ligands to establish structure-activity relationship rules. These rules may determine the influence of different functional groups and aid in moving rationally towards an improvement in activity.A new chemical library of 1,4-diaminoligands has been synthesized, in order to prepare the corresponding platinum(II) complexes. These diamines have the same skeleton, (1,2-bis(aminomethyl)ciclohexane), but different structural characteristics, to determine the influence of functional groups and their stereochemistry. Some aspects we are interested in are the influence of an hydroxyl group, the increase of lipophilicity or the steric hindrance. These ligands coordinate platinum(II) by the amino groups forming a seven-membered ring chelate. The synthesis were efficiently carried out starting from commercially available products in few steps. The platinum complexes were studied by elemental analyses, mass spectrometry, IR spectroscopy; and 400 MHz NMR spectroscopy.
The ability of the complexes to modify the secondary and tertiary DNA structures was explored by means of circular dichroism (CD), electrophoretic mobility and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) techniques.
Horna, Sébastien. "Reconstruction géométrique et topologique de complexes architecturaux 3D à partir de plans numériques 2D." Poitiers, 2008. http://theses.edel.univ-poitiers.fr/theses/2008/Horna-Sebastien/2008-Horna-Sebastien-These.pdf.
Full textVirtual architectural (indoor) scenes are often modelled in 3D for various types of simulation systems. For instance, some authors propose methods dedicated to lighting, heat transfer, acoustic or radio wave propagation simulations. These methods rely in most cases on a volumetric representation of the environment, with adjacency and incidence relationships. Unfortunately, many buildings data are only given by 2D plans and the 3D needs varies from one application to another. To solve these problems, we propose a formal representation of consistency constraints dedicated to building interiors and associated with a topological model. We show that such a representation can be used for : (i) reconstructing a 3D model from 2D architectural plans ; (ii) detecting automatically geometrical, topological and semantical inconsistencies ; (iii) designing automatic and semi-automatic operations to correct and enrich a 2D plan. All our constraints are homogeneously defined in 2D and 3D, implemented with generalized maps and used in modeling operations. We explain how this model can be successfully used with various ray-tracing methods
Martín, Rodríguez María. "Reacciones 1,3-dipolares enantioselectivas catalizadas por complejos quirales de plata(I) y oro(I)." Doctoral thesis, Universidad de Alicante, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10045/25770.
Full textDelage, Sylvain. "Développement d’une méthodologie de qualification de systèmes complexes par des essais de fiabilité." Thesis, Angers, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018ANGE0001/document.
Full textThe heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) field, as any other large industry, must control the reliability of its products in order to guarantee an optimal service to customers, reduce development limits and master its costs. To achieve it, predicted, experimental and operational reliability tools should be known and well applied. Only a strong methodology leading to a qualification strategy can ensure the holding of the reliability target. The first part of this work defines reliability terms and inventories existing methods in related fields and specifically in HVAC. Following that, the qualification methodology is detailed, focusing on feedback, definition of reliability targets and possible test plans. Finally, specific examples implemented at CIAT (UTC) are detailed in final part
Casimiro, Soriano Enzo Martin. "Síntesis y caracterización del complejo: 2-(2-piridil)bencimidazol sacarinato plata (I), [Ag(pbi)(sac)]." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2018. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/7943.
Full textDesarrolla una nueva ruta de síntesis del complejo polimérico sacarinato plata (I), [Ag(sac)]n, y la síntesis del complejo 2-(2-piridil)bencimidazol sacarinato plata(I), [Ag(pbi)(sac)]. La caracterización de ambos compuestos se realiza a través de los métodos de amperometría, análisis elemental, análisis por XPS, espectroscopía de IR, UV-Visible, 1H-RMN y 13C-RMN.
Tesis
Assis, Leandro Cézanne de Souza. "Sistemática e filosofia: filogenia do complexo Ocotea e revisão do grupo Ocotea indecora (Lauraceae) /." View abstract and link to download thesis PDF file, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/41/41132/tde-15072009-151632/.
Full textMier, Vinué Jordi de. "Disseny i síntesi de lligands i complexos de platí i estudi de la seva activitat antitumoral." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/2777.
Full textSynthesis of a series of a series of molecules having a 1,2-bis(aminometil)cyclohexane basic skeleton is described. These diamines have different substituents and stereolectronic properties in order to carry out SAR studies. The diamines were coordinated to platinum(II) yielding the corresponding diiodinated or dichlorinated platinum complexes having a cis structure similar to that of the anticancer drug cisplatin. The interaction of these complexes with DNA was analysed by means of different biochemical and biophysiscal assays such as: electrophoresis, circular dichroism or atomic force microscopy. Finally the potential cytotoxicity of the complexes was evaluated by assays of biological activity in vitro against HL 60 cell line, having results of IC50 values and also determining by flow cytometry the type of cellular death that produced our compounds, necrosis or apoptosis.
Ilioaia, Cristian. "Energy transfer and fluorescence quenching in the light harvesting complexes of photosystem II from higher plants." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.490189.
Full textMancka, Manjola [Verfasser], Winfried [Gutachter] Plass, and Matthias [Gutachter] Westernhausen. "Vanadium and molybdenum complexes with amino acid functionalized ligands / Manjola Mancka ; Gutachter: Winfried Plass, Matthias Westernhausen." Jena : Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, 2006. http://d-nb.info/1178253406/34.
Full textAkintola, Oluseun [Verfasser], Winfried [Gutachter] Plass, Felix [Gutachter] Schacher, and Dirk [Gutachter] Volkmer. "Carboxylate-functionalized triphenylamine-based complexes : from discrete monomeric complexes to 2D and 3D extended frameworks / Oluseun Akintola ; Gutachter: Winfried Plass, Felix Schacher, Dirk Volkmer." Jena : Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1172206899/34.
Full textIon, Adrian Eugeniu [Verfasser], Winfried [Gutachter] Plass, and Matthias [Gutachter] Westerhausen. "Magneto-structural characterization of polynuclear complexes with supramolecular architectures / Adrian Eugeniu Ion ; Gutachter: Winfried Plass, Matthias Westerhausen." Jena : Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, 2006. http://d-nb.info/1178544230/34.
Full textTjandrawidjaja, Yohanes. "Some contributions to the analysis of the Half-Space Matching Method for scattering problems and extension to 3D elastic plates." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLY012.
Full textThis thesis focuses on the Half-Space Matching Method which was developed to treat some scattering problems in complex infinite domains, when usual numerical methods are not applicable. In 2D, it consists in coupling several plane-wave representations in half-spaces surrounding the obstacle(s) with a Finite Element computation of the solution in a bounded domain. To ensure the matching of all these representations, the traces of the solution are linked by Fourier-integral equations set on the infinite boundaries of the half-spaces. In the case of a dissipative medium, this system of integral equations was proved to be coercive plus compact in an L² framework.In the present thesis, we derive error estimates with respect to the discretization parameters (both in space and Fourier variables). To handle the non-dissipative case, we propose a modified version of the Half-Space Matching Method, which is obtained by applying a complex-scaling to the unknowns, in order to recover the L² framework.We then extend the Half-Space Matching Method to scattering problems in infinite 3D elastic plates for applications to Non-Destructive Testing. The additional complexity compared to the 2D case comes from the decomposition on Lamb modes used in the half-plate representations. Due to the bi-orthogonality relation of Lamb modes, we have to consider as unknowns not only the displacement, but also the normal stress on the infinite bands limiting the half-plates. Some theoretical questions concerning this multi-unknown formulation involving the trace and the normal trace are studied in a 2D scalar case. Connections with integral methods are also addressed in the case where the Green's function is known, at least partially in each subdomain.The different versions of the method have been implemented in the library XLiFE++ and numerical results are presented for both 2D and 3D cases
Herd, Michelle Erica June. "Continental Extensional Tectonics - The Paparoa Metamorphic Core Complex of Westland, New Zealand." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Geological Sciences, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/1425.
Full textDelannay, Pascal. "Problème du bord pour les variétés maximalement complexes." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999GRE10168.
Full textGomes, Charles. "Contribution de la planification expérimentale à la modélisation de phénomènes complexes en formulation." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AIXM0735.
Full textIn some domains of formulation, as cosmetics, the phenomena can be very chaotic with discontinuities or not linear zones. In the cosmetic field, the formulator has to propose the optimal experimental strategy which must be well adapted to the constraints imposed by the experimenters. For such phenomena, classical designs of experiments, such as Scheffé simplexes lattices or the D-optimal designs, are proving insufficient because the experimental points do not uniformly cover the experimental space. Indeed, it is essential in these studies to explore the whole experimental domain and to uniformly distribute points in the space. For that purpose, the Space-Filling Designs (SFD), frequently used in the case of orthogonal variables, but less in the case of the mixture variables, are particularly interesting. The objective of this thesis is to adapt the algorithms for construction of uniform designs in the case of mixture designs and to propose guidelines for the choice of the nature and the number of points of the experimental design
Vallcorba, Valls Oriol. "Síntesi d’àcids cianocarboxílics: hidrocarboxilació i deuteriocarboxilació catalítica selectiva. Desenvolupament de fosfines i complexos de pal∙ladi i platí." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/84015.
Full textAlchoubassi, Ghaya. "The development of new qualitative and quantitative metal speciation approaches for low molecular weight metals complexes in plants." Thesis, Pau, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PAUU3031.
Full textThe main goal of this thesis was to develop and validate protocols of mass spectrometry methods, which could be applied for determination and quantitation of low molecular weight metal compounds in plant liquids. Unfortunately, the amount of plant liquid (eg. xylem), which usually can be sampled after several weeks of fastidious plant cultivation, is in low microliters range (or lower), which make the method development difficult task. Thus, as a compromise, coconut (Cocos nucifera) water was chosen as a model for method development studies of plant endosperm metallome, as the amount of sample available for experiments is much higher. Based on the information available in literature the most commonly identified iron complexes were Fe-citrate ones and mixed complexes of iron with citrate and malate. The detailed study of formation of different complexes was carried out to evaluate their stability and equilibrium between them. Additionally different chromatographic columns were tested and elution condition were optimized to be used later on to the real samples. ESI MS condition were adjusted (positive or negative mode ionization) depending on chromatographic conditions used. The principal part of the thesis concerns the development of methods for characterization of the model sample. Influence of different sample treatment steps (filtration, centrifugation) and storage condition was studied. Also, sample preparation before HILIC separation was evaluated, and the separation conditions optimized on model complexes was tested. The quest of a generic analytical strategy for the standardless quantification of different low-molecular weight metal complexes by molecular mass spectrometry is pursued using the Isotope Dilution Analysis (IDA) with the addition of an isotope spike 58Fe in ionic form and HILIC-ICP-MS. The protocol was carefully studied in order to keep the original metal complexes in non-degraded way and achieve the formation of metal complexes with the excess of ligands present in the sample. Finally, the developed procedures were applied for characterisation and quantification of iron compounds in xylem samples of several plants. The plants chosen (Pisum sativum, Paspalum urvilleli, and Setaria parviflora) were hypertolerant or overaccumulating ones
Pitta, Christina. "Iron complexes of 1,2-quinone mono-oximes and their potential as agents for the treatment of chlorosis in plants." Thesis, London Metropolitan University, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.300684.
Full textLouis, Vincent. "Conception et mise en oeuvre de modèles formels du calcul de plans d'action complexes par un agent rationnel dialoguant." Caen, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002CAEN2069.
Full textLópez, Borrull Alexandre. "Síntesi i caracterització estructural de complexos d'Ag(I) amb lligands de tipus tiourea o tioarida. Estudi de fonts d'informació electrónica especialitzades en química." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/3158.
Full textEn la primera, de química experimental, s'han dut a terme estudis de complexació de Ag(I) amb lligands de tipus tiourea o tioamida, els quals, juntament amb la capacitat del catió per a adoptar diferents geometries de coordinació, poden donar lloc a complexos amb una variada gama d'estequiometries i tipus estructurals. En el nostre cas, s'han obtingut diferents complexos amb els lligands etilentiourea, tetrametiltiourea i piridin-2-tiona, tots ells caracteritzats mitjançant IR, RMN i anàlisi elemental.
Cinc casos s'han pogut caracteritzar estructuralment per difracció de raigs X: a) [Ag(etu)2](ClO4), complex catiònic mononuclear discret on s'estableix tot un seguit d'interaccions d'enllaços d'hidrogen interiònics que acaben formant un reticle supramolecular tridimensional; b) [Ag2(etu)6](ClO4)2 , complex catiònic dinuclear, que via enllaços d'hidrogen N-H···O-Cl i N-H···S dóna lloc a una estructura supramolecular bidimensional en forma de capes; c)[Ag(tmtu)(ClO4)]n , complex neutre format per cadenes polimèriques lineals Ag-S-Ag-S- i anions ClO4- monodentats que s'agrupen mitjançant interaccions secundàries Ag···S en forma de cadenes dobles monodimensionals; d) [Ag(tmtu)3](ClO4), complex catiònic mononuclear discret amb un entorn de coordinació AgS3 pla; e) [{Ag(P2T)2}(ClO4)(H2O)1/2]n , complex catiònic format per cadenes infinites de tetràedres [Ag(SR)4], on també s'estableix una extensa xarxa d'enllaços d'hidrogen amb els anions ClO4- i les molècules d'H2O, de manera que en resulta una estructura supramolecular bidimensional en forma de capes.
S'ha proposat un senzill mètode qualitatiu, mitjançant el qual l'estereoquímica trobada experimentalment en un determinat complex que conté lligands tioamida pont, mesurada quantitativament a partir dels angles tilt i twist definits, pot relacionar-se amb un dels quatre modes d'enllaç per pont de sofre descrits.
D'altra banda, s'ha dut a terme una comparació estructural entre els tiolats metàl·lics coneguts de Zn i/o Cd i els agregats metàl·lics presents a les metal·lotioneïnes, tot concloent-se que no s'han pogut sintetitzar fins ara complexos que es puguin considerar com a bons models estructurals dels agregats metàl·lics M3(S-Cys)9 i M4(S-Cys)11 dels dominis b i a de les MTs. Aquest estudi ha permès constatar que l'estereoquímica que adopten aquests agregats in vivo depèn, no solament de la seva naturalesa química i composició, sinó que esdevé especialment condicionada per l'estructura secundària de les cadenes peptídiques.
Així mateix, s'ha realitzat un estudi comparatiu entre els tiolats metàl·lics de CuI i AgI per a avaluar si la substitució isomòrfica del primer pel segon en els estudis de MT's pot considerar-se prou idònia. Les conclusions assolides apunten a què l'esmentada substitució no està prou justificada, atès que s'ha pogut comprovar que no necessàriament dóna lloc a complexos isoestructurals.
En la segona part del treball, dins l'àmbit de la Documentació Química, s'ha estudiat l'evolució de les fonts d'informació química com a conseqüència de la implantació d'Internet. S'han considerat les tres grans fonts actuals de tipus electrònic: a) revistes en línia, on s'ha conclòs que Internet ha significat un canvi dràstic en la forma d'accés i difusió, amb capacitats cada cop més grans i millorades respecte a la versió en paper, tot i que encara se'n poden oferir de noves i més útils per als usuaris; b) cercadors d'Internet, principalment directoris i motors de cerca, tant generals com especialitzats en química, per als quals s'han establert uns paràmetres d'avaluació i comparació; s'ha fet palès que els actualment existents presenten certes mancances o no incorporen eines molt més específiques de química com ara la indexació per substància, per la qual cosa s'ha proposat un model de directori òptim per a químics; i c) bases de dades, tant moleculars com documentals, a partir de les quals i mitjançant uns paràmetres específics d'avaluació, s'ha constatat que les de tipus molecular, a diferència de les documentals, ofereixen moltes més eines de cerca específicament químiques.
This interdisciplinary dissertation is structured in two parts.
In the first one, experimental co-ordination studies of Ag(I) towards thioamide or thiourea -like ligands have been carried out. These, together with the tendency of this cation to adopt different co-ordination geometrie, lead to complexes within a wide range of stoichiometries and structural types. We have obtained several complexes with ethylenethiourea, tetramethylthiourea and pyridine-2-thione, which have been studied by means of IR, NMR and elemental analysis. Five of them have been further characterised by X-ray diffraction: a) [Ag(etu)2](ClO4), discrete mononuclear complex cation, where N-H···O-Cl hydrogen bonding association gives rise to a three-dimensional supramolecular network; b) [Ag2(etu)6](ClO4), dinuclear cationic complex involved in N-H···O-Cl and N-H···S hydrogen bonding which results in a two-dimensional layered supramolecular structure; c)[Ag(tmtu)(ClO4)]n , neutral complex formed by Ag-S-Ag-S polymeric chains and unidentate ClO4- anions, which associate thorugh Ag···S contacts to give one-dimensional double chains; d) [Ag(tmtu)3](ClO4), monomeric cationic complex where the Ag atom is sulfur bonded to three ligands in a planar AgS3 environment. e) [{Ag(P2T)2}(ClO4)(H2O)1/2]n, polymeric complex cation consisting of linear chains of linked Ag2(m-S)2 rings, with tetrahedrally distorted AgS4 sites. Hydrogen bonding association involving cationic chains, ClO4- anions and H2O molecules leads to the formation of a two-dimensional layered supramolecular structure. An easy method to correlate the stereochemistry found for the Ag-S-Ag bridges in thioamide compleces ans a simple qualitative sulfur-bridge bonding model has been developed. Suitable ranges of tilt and twist dihedral angles for those bridges have been estimated and assignes to different bonding types proposed.
As a complement to this first part, we have used the Cambridge Structural Database (CSD; version May 2002) to systematize the structural patterns of metal thiolates and to compare them with the topology of the metal-sulfur aggregates in the metallothioneins (MT), as found in the Protein Data Bank (PDB). On the other hand we have also used CSD to compare the structural features of copper and silver thiolates, which has provided us with evidences for the uncertainty surrounding the notion of Cu/Ag isomorphous replacement in MTs.
As a second part of the work, within the field of Chemical Information Science, we have studied how chemical information has evolved upon the Internet development, by considering the most important electronic sources available on the web: a) online serials, whose diffusion and access has been significantly improved, still with a lot of likely capabilities not yet implemented; b) Internet searchers, like general and specialised directories and search engines, which have been comparatively studied by means of a set of evaluation parameters defined by us, this allowing to design a new directory model proposed to be more useful for the needs of chemists; c)both molecular and bibliographic databases, which upon being studied by some specific parameters defined, showed that the molecular databases have better accomodation to the Internet possibilities, their capabilities and search options for chemists being better than those offered by the bibliographic ones. On the other hand, procedures to improve the precision of a search by for instance molecular indexation have to be further developed.
Sierpe, Bustamante Rodrigo Alfredo. "Estudio de nanopartículas de Au y de Ag y su interacción con complejos de [beta]ciclodextrina como potenciales sistemas de entrega de fármacos." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2016. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/137903.
Full textLas nanopartículas metálicas (NPsM), específicamente, las nanopartículas de oro (NPsAu) y las nanopartículas de plata (NPsAg), exhiben excelentes propiedades físicas, químicas y biológicas, intrínsecas a su tamaño nanométrico y tienen una aplicación directa en el tratamiento de enfermedades. Se ha logrado diseñar nanosistemas usados para el transporte de fármacos, permitiendo que estos lleguen activos al sitio de acción, atravesando diversas barreras biológicas. Gracias al efecto de plasmón de las NPsM, es posible promover la liberación de un fármaco en células o tejidos específicos de manera controlada a través de terapia fototérmica. Otra manera interesante de modificar las propiedades fisicoquímicas de algún compuesto, es mediante la formación de complejos de inclusión (CI), que se basan en interacciones no convencionales entre una especie llamada matriz con otra denominada huésped. La βciclodextrina (βCD) ha sido ampliamente utilizada como matriz ya que logra variar algunas de las propiedades desfavorables de los fármacos que incluyen, como por ejemplo, aumentar la solubilidad en agua y disminuir la toxicidad de muchas moléculas, entre otras múltiples ventajas. Existen diversos fármacos que presentan desventajas terapéuticas y que son candidatos a ser incluidos en matrices de βCD y transportados a través de sistemas nanopartículados, entre ellos 6-tioguanina (TG), 6-mercaptopurina (MP), melfalán (MF), 2-amino-4-(4-clorofenil)tiazol (AT) y feniletilamina, los cuales han sido estudiados en la presente tesis doctoral. Los complejos formados βCD-TG, βCD-MP, βCD-MF, βCD-AT y βCD-FEA en estado sólido y en solución se caracterizaron mediante difracción de rayos X de polvo, RMN de 1 (1H) y 2 dimensiones (ROESY). El proceso de inclusión deja fuera de la cavidad de βCD los grupos funcionales de los huéspedes que estabilizan NPsM que se depositaron a través de la técnica de pulverización catódica en alto vacío, formándose los sistemas ternarios βCD-TG-NPsAu, βCD-TG-NPsAg, βCD-MP-NPsAu, βCD-MFNPsAg, βCD-AT-NPsAu y βCD-FEA-NPsAu. Espectroscopia UV-visible en sólido mostró el plasmón de NPsAu y NPsAg, mediante SEM, FE-SEM, EDX y TEM se observó de manera directa la morfología de los cristales y de las NPsM obtenidas, que tienen un tamaño promedio de 20 nm de diámetro. Adicionalmente, el sistema ternario βCD-FEA-NPsAu fue caracterizado por espectroscopia IR y RAMAN que permitió analizar las interacciones del huésped al interior de la matriz, cuando forman el CI y los cambios generados por la presencia de las NPsAu. Los estudios mediante ROESY corroboran que FEA se desplaza parcialmente hacia fuera de la matriz debido a la interacción NH2-Au. Se cuantificó el porcentaje de cada componente del sistema ternario, evaluándose una alta capacidad de carga del fármaco, por otra parte, fue posible la liberación de FEA desde βCD-FEANPsAu de manera controlada a través de irradiación láser. Consideramos que un sistema único que posee dos componentes (NPsM y βCD) puede ser más eficiente en sus funciones para el transporte y la entrega de fármacos
Metal nanoparticles (MNPs), specifically, gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), exhibit excellent physical, chemical and biological properties, intrinsic to their nanometric size and have a direct application in the treatment of diseases. The nanosystems are designed to transport drugs, which can reach the site of action through various biological barriers. Thanks to the plasmon effect of the nanoparticles, it is possible promote the release of a drug into specific cells or tissues in a controlled manner through photothermal therapy. Another way to modify the physicochemical properties of a compound is through the formation of inclusion complexes (IC), which is based on unconventional interactions between a matrix and a guest. The βcyclodextrin (βCD) has been widely used as matrix, it is possible change some unfavorable properties of drugs including, for example, increase aqueous solubility and decrease toxicity of many molecules, among other advantages. There are several drugs that have therapeutic disadvantages, these may be included in matrices of βCD and may be transported through nanoparticulate systems, such as 6- thioguanine (TG), 6-mercaptopurine (MP), melphalan (MF), 2-amino-4- (4-chlorophenyl) thiazole (AT) and phenylethylamine (PhEA), which they have been studied in this doctoral thesis. The complexes βCD-TG, βCD-MP, βCD-MF, βCD-AT and βCD-PhEA in solid state and in solution using X-ray diffraction, 1 NMR (1H) and 2D (ROESY) were characterized. After of the inclusion process, the functional groups of the guests remain outside of the βCD cavity can stabilize MNPs, which they were deposited through the sputtering technique in high vacuum, forming the ternary systems βCD-TG-AuNPs, βCD-TGAgNPs, βCD-MP-AuNPs, βCD-MF-AgNPs, βCD-AT-AuNPs and βCD-PhEA-AuNPs. Using UV-Visible solid spectroscopy, the plasmons of AuNPs and AgNPs were observed , using SEM, FE-SEM, EDX and TEM, the morphology of the crystals and of the MNPs obtained were observed directly, these MNPs have an average size of 20 nm diameter. Additionally, the ternary system was characterized using IR and Raman spectroscopy. The interactions of the guest with the matrix, forming the IC and the changes brought about by the presence of NPsAu were observed. The partial displacement of PhEA outwardly of the matrix due to the NH2-Au interactions has been corroborated using ROESY studies. The percentage of each component in the ternary system was evaluated and a high capacity drug-loading was calculated. On the other hand, it was possible to release PhEA from βCD-PhEA-NPsAu of controlled manner using laser irradiation. We believe that a unique system, which has two components (MNPs and βCD) could be more efficient in its functions for the transportation and delivery of drugs
Conicyt, Fondecyt, Fondap
Garay, Maureira Merril Amos. "Concentración de plata en sulfuros de cobre del yacimiento Mantos Blancos, Cordillera de la Costa, Norte de Chile." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2007. http://www.repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/104777.
Full textEl objetivo del presente trabajo de título es aportar los antecedentes básicos sobre la concentración de plata en los sulfuros del yacimiento Mantos Blancos. Se espera entregar información aplicable a las áreas de geología, planificación de producción y geometalurgia, dada la importancia que representa la recuperación de plata como un subproducto del proceso cuprífero. La Cordillera de la Costa de la Región de Antofagasta, alberga varios depósitos de cobre Jurásicos, el mayor de ellos es Mantos Blancos que se ubica 45 km al Noreste de Antofagasta, inmediatamente al Este de la traza principal de la Zona de Falla de Atacama. Subordinada a la mineralización de cobre, han sido reportadas para este yacimiento, cantidades de 16 a 17 gr/ton Ag. Se recolectaron muestras de sulfuros de cobre en un perfil del rajo central y de testigos de sondajes de diamantina del mismo sector. Luego de su preparación mecánica, 25 muestras de calcopirita, 3 muestras de bornita, 5 muestras de covelina secundaria y 2 muestras de calcosina secundaria, fueron analizadas por plata por el método de digestión ácida y absorción atómica. Los contenidos de plata en calcopirita varían entre 2 y 336 ppm Ag (promedio de 24 ppm Ag); en bornita, entre 200 y 510 ppm Ag (promedio de 299 ppm Ag); en covelina, entre 199 y 1057 ppm de plata (promedio de 515 ppm Ag) y en calcosina, entre 172 y 812 ppm de plata (promedio de 492 ppm Ag). Además, se observó enriquecimiento supérgeno de plata y una tendencia positiva en los sulfuros tanto primarios como secundarios entre sus contenidos de plata y el aumento en cota. Estos resultados más otros análisis termodinámicos basados en datos de presión y temperatura reportados para el yacimiento, permitieron concluir que la plata se incorporó en la estructura cristalina de los sulfuros de cobre y que la depositación de la plata fue controlada por: a) La estructura de las fases cristalinas, ya sea calcopirita, bornita, covelina o calcosina, asociada al contenido de cobre de cada mineral. b) La temperatura, según las condiciones termodinámicas de los fluidos mineralizadores. c) La precipitación secuencial de los fluidos, según la cota o distancia a la fuente de los fluidos hidrotermales y según el carácter primario o secundario de los sulfuros. Se recomienda un estudio más completo en la misma línea con la incorporación al estudio de otros sulfuros como pirita y digenita, un método analítico de análisis puntual complementario al análisis químico y un mayor número de muestras analizadas que abarquen espacialmente todo el yacimiento a fin de modelar la distribución y la ocurrencia de plata en Mantos Blancos. Tal modelo permitiría entregar herramientas de decisión que favorezcan la recuperación de plata de la roca mineralizada, a modo de créditos de producción que permitan establecer costos más bajos y constantes para la Empresa Minera de Mantos Blancos.
Cardoso, Anamaria de Oliveira. "Otimização descentralizada coordenada aliada a estratégias de controle plantwide para o controle de processos químicos." Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2016. https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/8097.
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Chemical plants are increasingly complex and integrated with recycle streams promoting energy integration and increasing process yield. This results in a complex dynamic behavior which can interfer in control systems design. Decentralized control systems are an alternative although this methodologie is not always e ective once that interactions between process units are not considered. In this work, decentralized coordinated optimization with severous methods of coordination is applied to a reactor- ash systems and Williams-Otto plant, getting satisfatory results for these chemical plants. Then, we develop a control system to complex chemical plants that are decomposed in subsystems, combine decentralized coordinated optimization with strategies of plantwide control theory to ensure that processes operate in conditions comply with global and local demands, minimizing the e ect of disturbances in the system and avoiding snowball e ect, characteristics of this type of systems since both methodologies consider the interconnections of the systems. The methodology is applied to design of control systems to Williams-Otto plant, because of complexity of its optimization problem and high f interaction between its process units. The result is a control systems of complex chemical plants with high performance and e ciency, with smooth actions in face of fast disturbances and minimizing their e ects along the plants. Futhermore, there is the importance of applying plantwide control theory in the proposed system, even if decentralized coordinate optimization is used that, alone, does not guarantee the performance and e ectiveness of the designed system.
As plantas químicas industriais estão cada vez mais complexas e integradas, com a presença de correntes de reciclo promovendo a integração energética e o aumento do rendimento do processo. Isto resulta em um comportamento dinâmico complexo, que pode dificultar o projeto de um sistema de controle eficaz para a planta. Sistemas de controle descentralizado são uma alternativa. Porém, esta metodologia nem sempre é eficaz uma vez que as interações entre as unidades de processamento da planta não são consideradas. Neste trabalho, a otimização descentralizada coordenada a partir de diferentes métodos de coordenação é testada para um sistema composto de um reator e um vaso flash e para a planta de Williams-Otto, obtendo resultados satisfatórios para as plantas químicas selecionadas. Posteriormente, desenvolveu-se uma estrutura de controle para Plantas químicas complexas que são decompostas em subsistemas, aliando a otimização descentralizada coordenada com estratégias de controle plantwide, de modo a garantir que o processo opere em condições que atendam as demandas globais e locais, minimizando o efeito das perturbações no sistema e evitando o “efeito bola de neve", característico deste tipo de sistema, uma vez que ambas metodologias consideram as interconexões do sistema que compõem a planta química. A metodologia é aplicada a planta de Williams-Otto em virtude da complexidade de seu problema de otimização e a alta influência das interações entre as unidades de processamento para o comportamento do sistema. Isto resulta em um sistema de controle de plantas químicas complexas com alto desempenho e eficiente, com respostas suaves às perturbações rápidas e minimização da propagação dos efeitos destas na planta. Além disto, verifica-se a importância de se aplicar heurísticas de controle plantwide na eficacia do sistema proposto, mesmo que este utilize a otimização descentralizada coordenada que, de maneira isolada, não garante o desempenho do sistema projetado.
Sekkat, Najoua. "Contribution à l'étude de l'écotoxicité de produits purs et en mélanges complexes par le bioessai protozoaire Colpidium campylum." Rouen, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992ROUES018.
Full textBezerra, Daniel Muniz. "Redes neurais artificiais e redes complexas: aplicaÃÃes em processos quÃmicos." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2005. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=9209.
Full textNa primeira parte deste trabalho, empregamos uma rede neural artificial (RNA) treinada com algoritmo back-propagation para inferir a volatilidade dos gases liquefeitos de petrÃleo (GLP) produzidos em uma torre de fracionamento de lÃquido de gÃs natural (LGN). Os resultados obtidos indicam que a RNA fornece melhores respostas do que um simulador desenvolvido com base fenomenolÃgica que se encontra em fase de implementaÃÃo na planta em estudo. Na segunda parte da dissertaÃÃo, o nosso objetivo primordial à demonstrar que os fluxogramas de processos de refinarias de petrÃleo podem estar intrinsecamente associados à topologias de redes complexas, que sÃo scale-free, exibem efeitos de mundo pequeno e possuem organizaÃÃo hierÃrquica. A emergÃncia dessas propriedades em redes artificiais à explicada como uma consequÃncia dos princÃpios usados no design de projeto dos processos, os quais incluem regras heurÃsticas e tÃcnicas algorÃtmicas. Esperamos que esses resultados sejam tambÃm vÃlidos para plantas quÃmicas de diferentes tipos e capacidades.
In the first part of this work we apply an artificial neural network (ANN) trained with a back-propagation algorithm to predict the volatility of liquefied petroleum gases (LPG) produced from a fractionation tower of natural gas liquid (NGL). Our analysis indicate that the ANN scheme provides better results than a simulator developed based phenomenological which is currently being implemented in the plant under study. In the second part, our primary objective is to demonstrate that flowsheets of oil refineries can be intrinsically associated to complex network topologies, which are scale-free, display small-word effect and have hierarchical organization. The emergence of these properties artificial networks is explained as a consequence of the design principles used in the processâ design, which include heuristics rules and algorithmic techniques. We expect these results to be also valid for chemical plants of different types and capacities.
Franco, Jessica. "Planification d'expériences numériques en phase exploratoire pour la simulation des phénomènes complexes." Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Saint-Etienne, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00803107.
Full textCaboche, Ségolène. "Mise en place d’une plate-forme logicielle pour l’analyse des peptides non-ribosomiaux." Thesis, Lille 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009LIL10045/document.
Full textNonribosomal peptides are molecules produced by microorganisms and displaying a broad spectrum of biological activities and pharmaceutical applications. They can harbor anti-microbial, immunomodulating or anti-tumor activities. These peptides are synthesized by huge multi-enzymatic complexes, called NonRibosomal Peptide Synthetases. Two main structural traits distinguish these peptides from the ribosomally synthesized ones : first, their primary structure is not always linear but is often cyclic (partially or totally), branched or poly-cyclic, and second, the diversity of monomers incorporated into nonribosomal peptides extends far beyond the 20 proteogenic amino acids residues. We have developed Norine, the first public resource entirely dedicated to nonribosomal peptides. Norine currently contains more than 1 000 peptides, modeled by non-oriented labeled graphs, and computational tools allowing their analysis, such as monomer composition comparison, structural pattern matching or similarity search. Statistical analysis of Norine data highlighted interesting biological properties such as a specific monomer composition depending on the biological activity, that led us to develop a tool for helping the prediction of peptide activity from its monomeric composition. In three years, Norine became the international resource for nonribosomal peptides
Legen, Juliana. "Gene expression in plastids of higher plants: evolutionary and functional aspects of different RNA polymerases - coordinated assembly of multiprotein-complexes." Diss., lmu, 2003. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-9739.
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