Journal articles: 'Play Ball'

1

Ruiz-del-Solar, J., R. Verschae, M. Arenas, and P. Loncomilla. "Play Ball!" IEEE Robotics & Automation Magazine 17, no. 4 (December 2010): 43–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mra.2010.938840.

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SHADE, D. "Play ball." Journal of Pediatric Oncology Nursing 13, no. 2 (April 1996): 104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1043-4542(96)90066-1.

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Pollack, H. "Play ball!" Science 268, no. 5218 (June 23, 1995): 1681–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.7792583.

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Adair, R. "Play ball!" Science 268, no. 5218 (June 23, 1995): 1681–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.7792584.

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Chodosh, L., L. Lifson, and C. Tabin. "Play ball!" Science 268, no. 5218 (June 23, 1995): 1682–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.7792585.

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6

Reider, Bruce. "Play Ball!" American Journal of Sports Medicine 43, no. 5 (April 30, 2015): 1041–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0363546515584145.

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7

Laput, Gierad. "Play ball." XRDS: Crossroads, The ACM Magazine for Students 25, no. 4 (July 9, 2019): 5–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3339882.

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8

Wojtys, Edward M. "Play Ball!" Sports Health: A Multidisciplinary Approach 10, no. 2 (February 23, 2018): 108–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1941738118756280.

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Shade, Debra R. "Play Ball." Journal of Pediatric Oncology Nursing 13, no. 2 (January 1996): 104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/104345429601300211.

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Jacobs, R. A. "Play Ball!" Science 268, no. 5218 (June 23, 1995): 1683. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.268.5218.1683.

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11

Wojtys, Edward M. "Let’s Play Ball." Sports Health: A Multidisciplinary Approach 1, no. 2 (January 2009): 107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1941738109332024.

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12

Wesson, John. "Author, Reviewer Play Ball." Physics Today 57, no. 1 (January 2004): 14–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1650055.

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13

Bahrainwala, Lamiyah. "When Terrorists Play Ball." Communication & Sport 6, no. 6 (October 31, 2017): 680–702. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2167479517736758.

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Public discourse often forwards Muslim athletes as examples of “exceptional” Muslims who are “moderate.” This signals that engaging in discourse about sports can allow U.S. Muslims to tap into the nationalism and respectability necessary for demonstrating citizenship, and combat increased scrutiny and charges of radicalization. This article examines the discursive ripples that result when this connection between sports, nationalism and respectability, and “moderate Muslims” is disrupted. I take up the case study of the 2013 Boston Marathon Bombing mastermind, Tamerlan Tsarnaev, who was also an accomplished boxer. First, I describe how discourse about sports emerges in conversations about “moderate Muslims,” and second, I examine how Tsarnaev’s athletic accomplishments mediate his terrorist persona in the news coverage. I draw on respectability politics and Jasbir Puar’s concept of the hypertrophied heterosexual in my analysis. In doing so, I establish how discourse about sports mediates conversations about U.S. Muslim identity and furthers U.S. exceptionalism.

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14

Yamamoto, K. "Time to Play Ball." Science 340, no. 6139 (June 20, 2013): 1375. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1241593.

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McCullen, John. "Author, Reviewer Play Ball." Physics Today 57, no. 1 (January 2004): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4809662.

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16

Schultz, Nora. "Jealous dogs don't play ball." New Scientist 200, no. 2686 (December 2008): 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0262-4079(08)63126-7.

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17

Gómez, César González. "March, Conquest, and Play Ball." Base Ball: A Journal of the Early Game 5, no. 2 (September 1, 2011): 13–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3172/bb.5.2.13.

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18

Young, Damien, Liam Hennessy, and Giuseppe Coratella. "The ball-in-play vs. ball-out-of-play match demands of elite senior hurling." Sport Sciences for Health 17, no. 3 (March 15, 2021): 625–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11332-020-00725-4.

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19

Lane, Ben, Paul Sherratt, Hu Xiao, and Andy Harland. "Characterisation of ball impact conditions in professional tennis: Matches played on hard court." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part P: Journal of Sports Engineering and Technology 230, no. 4 (August 1, 2016): 236–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1754337115617580.

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To assess ball performance for research and development purposes requires greater understanding of the impact conditions a tennis ball experiences in professional tournament play. Ball tracking information taken from three consecutive years of an ATP 250 tour event played on hard court was analysed. The frequency of first serves, second serves, racket impacts and surface impacts was assessed per game and extrapolated to show how many impacts a single ball is subjected to. Where applicable the pre- and post-impact velocities and angles were found, and the distribution of each was analysed. In total, data from 65 matches comprising 1505 games were analysed. On average, each game contained 70.26 (±16.23) impacts, of which 9.23%, 3.16%, 37.78% and 49.83% were first serves, second serves, racket impacts and surface impacts, respectively. As a result, assuming all balls in play are used evenly, a single ball is expected to be subjected to 105 (±24) impacts over the course of the nine games that it is in play. The results of the investigation could be used to design a wear protocol capable of artificially wearing tennis balls in a way that is representative of professional play.

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20

D'Ambrosia, Robert. "LET'S PLAY BALL! UNDER OUR RULES." Orthopedics 18, no. 5 (May 1995): 431. http://dx.doi.org/10.3928/0147-7447-19950501-03.

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21

Hall, Dale. "Free Radicals - Play Ball (Fall 1997)." Electrochemical Society Interface 6, no. 3 (September 1, 1997): 15–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/2.f02973if.

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22

Slugoski, Ben R. "How to Play Hard-Ball with Words." Theory & Psychology 3, no. 4 (November 1993): 545–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0959354393034008.

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23

Wang, Yan Shuang, and Hai Feng Zhu. "Contact Stress Analysis on a Large-Sized Four Contact-Point Slewing Bearing with Negative Axial Play." Applied Mechanics and Materials 307 (February 2013): 223–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.307.223.

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The analysis method on contact stresses between balls and inner/outer ring raceways of a large-sized four contact-point slewing bearing with negative axial play was present. The contact stresses and contact areas between balls and inner/outer ring raceways of a slewing bearing were computed at different negative axial plays without applied load. The results show that a ball contacts with inner/outer ring raceways at four points whose contact areas and contact stress distribution are approximately same. The contact stresses between balls and inner ring raceway are slightly higher than those at outer ring raceway. Contact stress and contact area increase with absolute value of negative axial play increasing. Startup friction torque can be improved by increasing the absolute value of negative axial play.

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24

Pellett, Tracy L., Heidi A. Henschel-Pellett, and Joyce M. Harrison. "Influence of Ball Weight on Junior High School Girls' Volleyball Performance." Perceptual and Motor Skills 78, no. 3_suppl (June 1994): 1379–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.1994.78.3c.1379.

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This study was designed to investigate the influence of a lighter ball (Tachikara Volley Lite) on 72 seventh-grade girls' tournament game play and pretest-to-posttest improvement for a 16-day volleyball practice period. Two intact classes were randomly assigned to groups, one of whom used lighter balls during skills progressions while a second used regulation balls. All students used regulation balls during tournament game play and skills tests. Both groups significantly improved the forearm pass from pretest to posttest. Analysis of covariance indicated no significant differences between groups on posttest means for any skill. A 2 × 6 (treatment x game day) analysis of variance indicated that the group practicing with lighter balls had significantly more correct sets and a higher average daily success rate for the set and underhand serve on game days than the group using a regulation ball.

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25

Crisco, Joseph J., Elizabeth I. Drewniak, Martin P. Alvarez, and David B. Spenciner. "Physical and Mechanical Properties of Various Field Lacrosse Balls." Journal of Applied Biomechanics 21, no. 4 (November 2005): 383–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jab.21.4.383.

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Although the sport of lacrosse has evolved dramatically over the last few decades and is presently the fastest growing team sport in the United States, the current specifications for balls date back to 1943. The purpose of this study was to see if various commercially available field lacrosse balls meet these specifications and to determine additional mechanical properties of the ball that may more completely characterize ball performance. Eight models from several manufacturers were tested. Seven models were designated for game play, while one model was promoted as a practice ball. In accordance with the specifications, the mass, circumference, and rebound height were recorded for one dozen balls from each model. The load required to compress the balls 0.0125 m and the coefficient of restitution (COR) with an incident speed of 26.80 m/s were also determined. We found that some balls met several of the specifications, but none of the models had every ball meet all the specif cations. For the two measures of ball liveliness, rebound height had a weak correlation with COR. Ball compression loads averaged about 750 N over most models, but were almost 85% less for the practice model. It appears that current governing body specifications are outdated, as no ball model we tested met these specifications. The determination of ball liveliness at more realistic speeds should also be taken into account. Since balls with low compression loads can pass through face protectors worn by lacrosse players, the sport's governing bodies may wish to consider a specification on ball compression.

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26

Yu, Tien Kuei. "Using GM(1,1) to Clean-Table Offensive Techniques." Advanced Materials Research 785-786 (September 2013): 1447–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.785-786.1447.

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The objective of this thesis is to make a position play for a billiard robot in a nine ball pool game by the Grey System Theory. The position play is the placement of the cue ball on the best position to the next planned shot. The robot is able to decide a shooting mode with a corresponding shooting strength from the developed data base of rebound paths of the cue ball. The rebound paths are calculated and recorded from four shooting modes (free shot, cushion shot, bank shot, kiss shot) with five different shooting strengths by the collision theory in a PC. The continuous position play is called the clean-table in the pool game. The moving path of object ball and cue ball are calculated by the collision theory. The grey decision making is developed to find out the best position of cue ball after shooting for the position play. The decision factors are the block ball, the shooting angle, the distance between the object ball and the pocket, and the distance between the object ball and the cue ball. The first priority of the position play is to choose the corresponding object ball and the rebound path of cue ball without any block ball. Then, the second priority is to choose the higher successful pocketing rate (large than 60%). Finally, the offensive decision is set up to make a position play by the Grey Decision-making Sub-system. The experimental results show this clean-table offensive system works very well in the pool game.

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27

Chin, Christina B. "“Aren't You a Little Short to Play Ball?”." Amerasia Journal 41, no. 2 (December 2015): 47–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.17953/aj.41.2.47.

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28

Agbenyega, Jonathan. "Do you want to play ball…. with graphene?" Materials Today 14, no. 12 (December 2011): 578. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1369-7021(11)70292-9.

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29

Swenson-Pierce, Ann, and Frances L. Kohl. "Teaching Moderately Handicapped Students to Play Tee-Ball." TEACHING Exceptional Children 18, no. 2 (January 1986): 90–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/004005998601800203.

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30

van Rooijen, Martin. "Experiences of risk, play and law: David Ball." Journal of Playwork Practice 4, no. 1 (May 15, 2017): 63–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/205316217x14916438636011.

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31

Waterbor, John W., and Glenn Fleisig. "Longevity Among Major League Baseball Players—Play Ball!" JAMA Internal Medicine 179, no. 9 (September 1, 2019): 1301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamainternmed.2019.1195.

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32

Block, David. "1609.1 Polish Workers Play Ball at Jamestown, Virginia." Base Ball: A Journal of the Early Game 5, no. 1 (April 1, 2011): 5–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.3172/bb.5.1.5.

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33

Speranza, Michael J. A., Tim J. Gabbett, David A. Greene, Rich D. Johnston, and Andrew D. Townshend. "Relationship Between 2 Standardized Tackling Proficiency Tests and Rugby League Match-Play Tackle Performance." International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance 13, no. 6 (July 1, 2018): 770–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2017-0593.

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This study investigated the relationship between 2 different assessments of tackling ability, physical qualities, and match-play performance in semiprofessional rugby league players. A total of 18 semiprofessional rugby league players (mean [SD]: age = 23.1 [2.0] y and body mass = 98.8 [11.8] kg) underwent tests of upper- and lower-body strength and power. Tackling ability was assessed using video analysis of under- and over-the-ball tackle drills. A total of 2360 tackles were analyzed from match play. Over-the-ball tackle ability was positively related to the proportion of dominant tackles (Spearman rank-order correlation coefficients [rs] = .52; 95% confidence interval [CI] .07–.79, P = .03) and average play-the-ball speeds (rs = .50; 95% CI .04–.78, P = .03) and negatively related to tackles that conceded offloads (rs = −.55; 95% CI −.78 to .04, P = .04). Under-the-ball tackle ability was significantly related to the proportion of dominant tackles (rs = .57; 95% CI .14–.82, P = .01) and missed tackles (rs = −.48; 95% CI −.77 to .02, P = .05). Good over-the-ball tacklers performed proportionally more dominant tackles, allowed significantly fewer offloads, and had longer average play-the-ball speeds. Good under-the-ball tacklers missed proportionately fewer tackles. This study suggests that both the under-the-ball and over-the-ball standardized tackle assessments are associated with varying indicators of match-play tackle performance and justifies the practical utility of these tests to assess and develop both types of tackles.

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34

Wang, Xinchao, Vitaly Ablavsky, Horesh Ben Shitrit, and Pascal Fua. "Take your eyes off the ball: Improving ball-tracking by focusing on team play." Computer Vision and Image Understanding 119 (February 2014): 102–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cviu.2013.11.010.

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35

Pollard, Benjamin T., Anthony N. Turner, Robin Eager, Daniel J. Cunningham, Christian J. Cook, Patrick Hogben, and Liam P. Kilduff. "The ball in play demands of international rugby union." Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport 21, no. 10 (October 2018): 1090–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2018.02.015.

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36

Soroka, Andrzej, and Józef Bergier. "Actions with the Ball that Determine the Effectiveness of Play in Women's Football." Journal of Human Kinetics 26, no. 1 (December 1, 2010): 97–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10078-010-0053-y.

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Actions with the Ball that Determine the Effectiveness of Play in Women's FootballVarious actions with the ball performed by players during football matches encourage continuous research on game observation to be carried out. It is of special significance in providing information about players and their contribution to the effort of the whole team. Both quantitative and qualitative records enable transformation of the information obtained into data supporting training tasks. In the opinion of the authors, the determination of a winning team is affected to the greatest extent by qualitative factors in the form of coefficients of accuracy and efficiency of particular actions with the ball. A hypothesis was advanced in the study that in women's football there are ball actions whose quality of execution affects winning a match, and that there exists a specific ranking of their significance. Analyses were conducted for nearly 18,000 actions performed with the ball by 130 players, competitors in the European Women's Football Championship in 2005. Statistical tests applied in the study enabled differences between teams of winners and losers to be defined, whereas the analysis of a discriminant function indicated which qualitative factors were the most significant and had the greatest impact on winning a match. A specific hierarchy of the significance of those activities was also elaborated in the study. The most significant activities that affected the victory were: 1×1 play in defense, 1×1 play in offense, accuracy of passes and effective execution of dead-ball situations.

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37

Klinkhamer, F. R., and G. E. Volovik. "Propagating q-field and q-ball solution." Modern Physics Letters A 32, no. 18 (May 17, 2017): 1750103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217732317501036.

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One possible solution of the cosmological constant problem involves a so-called q-field, which self-adjusts so as to give a vanishing gravitating vacuum energy density (cosmological constant) in equilibrium. We show that this q-field can manifest itself in other ways. Specifically, we establish a propagating mode (q-wave) in the nontrivial vacuum and find a particular soliton-type solution in flat spacetime, which we call a q-ball by analogy with the well-known Q-ball solution. Both q-waves and q-balls are expected to play a role for the equilibration of the q-field in the very early universe.

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38

Yurko, Ronald, Francesca Matano, Lee F. Richardson, Nicholas Granered, Taylor Pospisil, Konstantinos Pelechrinis, and Samuel L. Ventura. "Going deep: models for continuous-time within-play valuation of game outcomes in American football with tracking data." Journal of Quantitative Analysis in Sports 16, no. 2 (June 25, 2020): 163–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jqas-2019-0056.

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AbstractContinuous-time assessments of game outcomes in sports have become increasingly common in the last decade. In American football, only discrete-time estimates of play value were possible, since the most advanced public football datasets were recorded at the play-by-play level. While measures such as expected points and win probability are useful for evaluating football plays and game situations, there has been no research into how these values change throughout the course of a play. In this work, we make two main contributions: First, we introduce a general framework for continuous-time within-play valuation in the National Football League using player-tracking data. Our modular framework incorporates several modular sub-models, to easily incorporate recent work involving player tracking data in football. Second, we use a long short-term memory recurrent neural network to construct a ball-carrier model to estimate how many yards the ball-carrier is expected to gain from their current position, conditional on the locations and trajectories of the ball-carrier, their teammates and opponents. Additionally, we demonstrate an extension with conditional density estimation so that the expectation of any measure of play value can be calculated in continuous-time, which was never before possible at such a granular level.

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39

Read, Dale B., Ben Jones, Sean Williams, Padraic J. Phibbs, Josh D. Darrall-Jones, Greg A. B. Roe, Jonathon J. S. Weakley, Andrew Rock, and Kevin Till. "The Physical Characteristics of Specific Phases of Play During Rugby Union Match Play." International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance 13, no. 10 (November 1, 2018): 1331–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2017-0625.

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Purpose: To quantify the frequencies and timings of rugby union match-play phases (ie, attacking, defending, ball in play [BIP], and ball out of play [BOP]) and then compare the physical characteristics of attacking, defending, and BOP between forwards and backs. Methods: Data were analyzed from 59 male rugby union academy players (259 observations). Each player wore a microtechnology device (OptimEye S5; Catapult, Melbourne, Australia) with video footage analyzed for phase timings and frequencies. Dependent variables were analyzed using a linear mixed-effects model and assessed with magnitude-based inferences and Cohen d effect sizes (ES). Results: Attack, defense, BIP, and BOP times were 12.7 (3.1), 14.7 (2.5), 27.4 (2.9), and 47.4 (4.1) min, respectively. Mean attack (26 [17] s), defense (26 [18] s), and BIP (33 [24] s) phases were shorter than BOP phases (59 [33] s). The relative distance in attacking phases was similar (112.2 [48.4] vs 114.6 [52.3] m·min−1, ES = 0.00 ± 0.23) between forwards and backs but greater in forwards (114.5 [52.7] vs 109.0 [54.8] m·min−1, ES = 0.32 ± 0.23) during defense and greater in backs during BOP (ES = −0.66 ± 0.23). Conclusions: Total time in attack, defense, and therefore BIP was less than BOP. Relative distance was greater in forwards during defense, whereas it was greater in backs during BOP and similar between positions during attack. Players should be exposed to training intensities from in-play phases (ie, attack and defense) rather than whole-match data and practice technical skills during these intensities.

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40

Maki, Kazunari, Yuji Nakata, Masayoshi Nagao, and Akifumi Mishima. "Improvement of High-Temperature Reliability of Ball Bond Using Platinum-Modified Gold Alloy Wires." Journal of Microelectronics and Electronic Packaging 4, no. 2 (April 1, 2007): 45–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4071/1551-4897-4.1.45.

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For superior Au/Al ball-bond reliability, we have developed the 3N (>99.9 wt% Au), 2N5 (>99.5 wt% Au) and 2N (>99 wt% Au) Au alloy bonding wires which contain less than 0.1, 0.5 and 1 wt% Pt, respectively. In the thermal aging test of squashed balls (40 μm in diameter), which consists of storage in air at 250°C and evaluation with wire pull and ball shear, it has been found that there are interesting differences in the ball-bond degradation as a function of wire type. Even the samples bonded using the 3N wire with a very small amount of Pt show superior ball-bond reliability compared with those using a 4N (>99.99 wt% Au) wire without any addition of Pt. The ball-bond degradation in the thermal aging test is reduced significantly with increasing Pt content of a wire. From microstructural analysis of the aged 2N ball bonds, the Pt-containing layer, which seems to play a crucial role in improvement of the ball-bond reliability, have been found in the upper part of intermetallic compounds.

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41

Browne, P., S. Morgan, J. Bahnisch, and S. Robertson. "Discovering patterns of play in netball with network motifs and association rules." International Journal of Computer Science in Sport 18, no. 1 (July 1, 2019): 64–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ijcss-2019-0004.

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Abstract In netball, analysis of the movement of players and the ball across different court locations can provide information about trends otherwise hidden. This study aimed to develop a method to discover latent passing patterns in women’s netball. Data for both pass location and playing position were collected from centre passes during selected games in the 2016 Trans-Tasman Netball Championship season and 2017 Australian National Netball League. A motif analysis was used to characterise passing-sequence observations. This revealed that the most frequent, sequential passing style from a centre pass was the “ABCD” motif in an alphabetical system, or in a positional system “Centre–Goal Attack–Wing Attack–Goal Shooter” and rarely was the ball passed back to the player it was received from. An association rule mining was used to identify frequent ball movement sequences from a centre pass play. The most confident rule flowed down the right-hand side of the court, however seven of the ten most confident rules demonstrated a preference for ball movement down the left-hand side of the court. These results can offer objective insight into passing sequences, and potentially inform team strategy and tactics. This method can also be generalised to other invasion sports.

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42

Gabbett, Tim J. "Influence of Ball-in-Play Time on the Activity Profiles of Rugby League Match-Play." Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research 29, no. 3 (March 2015): 716–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1519/jsc.0000000000000446.

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43

Natsuhara, Takayuki, Takaaki Kato, Masao Nakayama, Takuya Yoshida, Ryota Sasaki, Takahiro Matsutake, and Takeshi Asai. "Decision-Making While Passing and Visual Search Strategy During Ball Receiving in Team Sport Play." Perceptual and Motor Skills 127, no. 2 (January 21, 2020): 468–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0031512519900057.

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In many team sports, in which environmental change is constant, athletes selectively allocate attention between the approaching ball and other players, and constantly consistently making decisions regarding whom to pass the ball to. Few previous studies on decision-making in team sports such as soccer have included the ball reception phase. This study examined players’ visual search strategies during pass decisions. Using five-on-four soccer-specific film simulations from previously recorded real scenes, high-level players (HLPs) and middle-level players (MLPs) reacted to life-sized soccer scenes. We measured their visual search strategies in decision-making tasks involving ball reception and pass execution and collected their verbal reports. We employed a novel system wherein the ball is ejected toward participants according to the video clips in order to maintain perception–action coupling during the task. We found skill-based differences in decision-making accuracy, eye movement data, and verbal reports. HLPs demonstrated better decision-making than MLPs, and, in eye movement data, HLPs allocated more attention to nonmarked attackers ([ M] = 14.1, [ SD] = 4.8%, p < .001, η2 = 0.39), the teammate receiving the pass ( M = 18.4, SD = 4.3%, p < .05, η2 = 0.15), and opponents ( M = 14.6, SD = 6.3%, p < .05, η2 = 0.17) than did MLPs. Furthermore, according to verbal reports, HLPs tended to attend to information on opponent players. Thus, visual search strategies during ball reception suggest that the position and situation of teammates and opponents are the most important information sources for accurate and consistent pass decisions.

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44

Rose, Cynthia. "Catching the Ball: the Role of Play in Psychoanalytic Treatment." Journal of the American Psychoanalytic Association 50, no. 4 (August 2002): 1299–309. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00030651020500042101.

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45

Paterson, Chris. "When global media don’t ‘play ball’: the exportation of coercion." International Journal of Media & Cultural Politics 1, no. 1 (February 1, 2005): 53–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/macp.1.1.53/3.

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46

Milius, Susan. "Mafia cowbirds: Do they muscle birds that don't play ball?" Science News 171, no. 10 (September 30, 2009): 147–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/scin.2007.5591711003.

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47

Hudak, Dave. "The therapeutic use of ball play in psychotherapy with children." International Journal of Play Therapy 9, no. 1 (2000): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/h0089437.

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48

Sahin, Elvan. "Sandcastles, Ball Games, and Scooters." Historical Reflections/Réflexions Historiques 45, no. 2 (June 1, 2019): 28–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/hrrh.2019.450203.

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By the interwar years, Parisian parks—artificial pockets of nature in the densely built city—had become a locus of debates around “child-friendly play spaces.” The diversity of Paris’s young population in age, gender, and social status meant that the criteria of what constituted “child-friendly” was constantly in flux and that definitions of childhood remained fluid. Interwar Parisian parks became spaces of debate over proper forms of outdoor play and the risks children faced while playing. Municipal administrators and elected municipal councilors, together with pedagogues and parents, mutually constructed the spaces of parks and park-use policies. Children’s presence in public acted both as an incentive and a challenge in creating municipal policies to regulate public spaces or in reconfiguring the organization of these spaces. Municipal council debates, parents’ petitions or complaints, reports filed by neighborhood representatives, and daily logs recorded by park guards all reveal how children’s actions in green spaces played a pivotal role in the making and remaking of the urban environment.

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SZÁSZ, DOMOKOS. "Ball-avoiding theorems." Ergodic Theory and Dynamical Systems 20, no. 6 (December 2000): 1821–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0143385700001000.

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Consider a nice hyperbolic dynamical system (singularities not excluded). Statements about the topological smallness of the subset of orbits, which avoid an open subset of the phase space (for every moment of time, or just for a not too small subset of times), play a key role in showing hyperbolicity or ergodicity of semi-dispersive billiards, especially, of hard-ball systems. As well as surveying the characteristic results, called ball-avoiding theorems, and giving an idea of the methods of their proofs, their applications are also illustrated. Furthermore, we also discuss analogous questions (which had arisen, for instance, in number theory), when the Hausdorff dimension is taken instead of the topological one. The answers strongly depend on the notion of dimension which is used. Finally, ball-avoiding subsets are naturally related to repellers extensively studied by physicists. For the interested reader we also sketch some analytical and rigorous results about repellers and escape times.

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Fernandes, Tiago, Oleguer Camerino, Júlio Garganta, Raúl Hileno, and Daniel Barreira. "How do Elite Soccer Teams Perform to Ball Recovery? Effects of Tactical Modelling and Contextual Variables on the Defensive Patterns of Play." Journal of Human Kinetics 73, no. 1 (July 21, 2020): 165–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/hukin-2019-0141.

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AbstractResearchers in soccer match analysis have been using limited procedures to express the dynamics of the game and mainly focus on the attack. Therefore, the aims of this paper were to detect the successful teams’ ball recovery defensive patterns of play and study the influence of tactical modelling, halves, match status, opponent quality and stage competition on those patterns. The sample consisted of 1323 situations of defensive ball possession of the semi-finalist teams from the 2014 FIFA World Cup play-offs, which was collected by a valid and reliable observational instrument (Soccer-Defence). The Kruskal-Wallis H, Mann-Whitney U, Chi-square, Z-, multinomial logistic regression tests and sequential analysis (p < .05; z > 1.96) were used accordingly to test the differences and associations among and within teams of tactical modelling, tactical-technical behaviours and contextual variables to ball recovery. We found that among teams ball recovery differed in duration; H(3) = 14.958, p = .002. Germany were more likely to perform ball recovery by the goalkeeper than Argentina (p = .04; OR = 0.47) or the Netherlands (p < .05; OR = 0.50). Nevertheless, Brazil was the least likely to concede a shot off goal. Teams facing lower-ranked opponents were 0.63 times less likely to perform ball recovery by interception (p <.001). Additionally, sequential analysis illustrated that teams varied between central and lateral high-pressure zones before ball recovery in lower zones of the field. Finally, coaches could use such findings to design training exercises, create their own style of play, and set strategies.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Play Ball'

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