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Journal articles on the topic 'Plays on names'
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Shih, Stephanie S., and Deniz Rudin. "Sound Symbolism in Baseball Player Names." Names 69, no. 1 (February 15, 2021): 20–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.5195/names.2021.2245.
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Recent work has argued that sound symbolism plays a much larger part in language than previously believed, given the assumption of the arbitrariness of the sign. A slate of recent papers on Pokémonastics, for example, has found sound symbolic associations to be rampant in Pokémon names cross-linguistically. In this paper, we explore a real-world dataset that parallels Pokémon, in which human players similarly have physical attributes of weight, height, and power: Major League Baseball. We investigated phonological correlations between baseball player statistics and their given first names, chosen baseball-official first names,and baseball nicknames. We found numerous sound symbolic associations in player-chosen names and nicknames, where conscious design may play a role in choosing a name that communicates an attribute. These associations were often mediated by language-specific hypocoristic formation processes. We conclude that sound symbolism occurs in real-world naming practices, but only when names are chosen in cognizance of the relevant attributes.
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Ashley, Leonard R. N. "Proper Names and Proper Pronunciation in Shakespeare's Plays." Names 35, no. 3-4 (December 1987): 175–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/nam.1987.35.3-4.175.
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Bailar. "Names and Their Doubles: Shifting Signifiers in Pinter's Plays." Harold Pinter Review 3, no. 1 (2019): 66. http://dx.doi.org/10.5325/haropintrevi.3.1.0066.
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Andreasen, John. "Community Plays—A Search for Identity." Theatre Research International 21, no. 1 (1996): 72–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0307883300012724.
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During the last twenty years the number of community plays has grown enormously in Scandinavia and Great Britain. In Denmark, on average, some twenty new plays are produced annually. From the early 1970s to 1993, I have registered more than 300 Danish productions; these include about sixty of the 140 plays which celebrate the two-hundredth anniversary of abolition of adscription in 1988. ‘Community plays’ are known by a number of different names. In Scandinavia they are called ‘lokalspil’, ‘egnsspil’, ‘bygdespel’, ‘krönikespel’, ‘arbetarspel’, and so on. It is important to distinguish ‘community theatre’ from ‘community play’. Community theatre is any kind of performance organized by ordinary people in a given area with or without support from theatre professionals. It may be totally amateur or it may include professional guest performances by theatre practitioners from outside the area.
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Brew, Faustina, and Ebenezer Henry Brew-Riverson. "Europeanization of Ghanaian Names and Their Representations in Drama." Journal of English Language and Literature 10, no. 1 (August 31, 2018): 966–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.17722/jell.v10i1.381.
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In Ghanaian culture a name could tell the story of when a person is born, how the person is born or some special event at the time of their birth. However, difficulties in pronunciation, as well as misinterpretation of local names by the then colonial masters resulted in alterations of many local names to the convenience of the British and Portuguese, resulting in evolution of some local names over the years to new pronunciations and spellings. During colonial dominance and immediate post-colonial period, some renowned Ghanaian playwrights used names that reflect this confusion and consequently imbedded in their characters, traits that depicted such misrepresentations as well as the specific roles the playwright assigned them. This paper reflects on the character names in relation to the settings in selected Ghanaian plays and how these characters reveal Ghanaian naming philosophies in the ways these characters play their roles. The focus is on, but not limited to, playwrights such as Kobina Sekyi, Ama Ata Aidoo, J.C. deGraft and F.K. Fiawoo who seem to be enduring points of reference particularly when one appreciates the reasoning that informs how they craft their characters, courtesy the curiously noteworthy names they drape them in. The discussion is preceded by deliberations on the indigenous naming, names and their significance furthering on the colonial influence and attempts to Europeanize.
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Herrero López, Isis. "The Literary Translation into Spanish of Native American Proper Names: A Perspective on the Transcultural Construction of Identity." Meta 61, no. 3 (March 23, 2017): 534–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1039218ar.
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Translation plays an important role in the transcultural conceptualization of the characteristics of names (form, function, meaning, naming practices in the world…), especially when it includes names that look unusual from the Eurocentric, Western point of view. This paper analyzes such a situation in relation to the Spanish translations of Native American proper names in the literature by these cultural groups: it explores the diversity of names in the source language and culture and compares it to the target texts in order to observe the choices and decisions made by translators. The analysis also includes a revision of the scholarly ideas about the translation norms concerning Indian names and finally leads to an interpretation of the broader context of the transcultural reception of the indigenous Other in Spain.
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Avakyan, Naira, and Naira Nersissyan. "On Psychological, Semantic and Structural Aspects of English Colour Terms." Armenian Folia Anglistika 8, no. 1-2 (10) (October 15, 2012): 60–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.46991/afa/2012.8.1-2.060.
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Colour symbolism plays a great role in art, religious rituals and everyday life. Colour names can be encountered in phraseological units which are based on the semantic and psychological perceptions typical of a given nation and culture. They reflect the semantic, grammatical, lexicological and psychological peculiarities specific to a given language. The article discusses certain psychological, semantic and structural aspects of phraseological units with colour names.
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Tadelis, Steven. "What's in a Name? Reputation as a Tradeable Asset." American Economic Review 89, no. 3 (June 1, 1999): 548–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.89.3.548.
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I develop a model in which a firm's only asset is its name, which summarizes its reputation, and study the forces that cause names to be valuable, tradeable assets. An adverse selection model in which shifts of ownership are not observable guarantees an active market for names with either finite or infinite horizons. No equilibrium exists in which only good types buy good names. The reputational dynamics that emerge from the model are more realistic than those in standard game-theoretic reputation models, and suggest that adverse selection plays a crucial role in understanding firm reputation. (JEL C70, D80, L14)
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Sekine, Masaru. "Yeats and Japan: The Dreaming of the Bones." Irish University Review 45, no. 1 (May 2015): 54–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/iur.2015.0150.
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‘Yeats and Japan: The Dreaming of the Bones’ first investigates how the Noh came to influence Yeats, then analyzes Yeats's Four Plays for Dancers, focusing on The Dreaming of the Bones, and explains how this Yeats play is adapted into a new Noh play, Hone-no-Yume, in which the places, names and situations were changed to Japanese ones. An account is then given of the latter's production. Fenolossa came to Japan with an appointment to teach Ethics and Logic at the University of Tokyo in 1987, where he studied Noh with Minoru Umewaka, a Noh master. He also translated some Noh plays with the help of his students. After his death in London, his manuscripts were handed over to Ezra Pound by his second wife, Mary, and it is through Pound that Yeats came to read them. Inspired by them Yeats wrote Four Plays for Dancers. At the Hawk’s Well was later translated into two different Noh plays by Mario Yokomichi, thus completing the circle from Japan to Ireland and back.
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Nayding, Inga. "Names of Attitudes and Norms for Attitudes." Disputatio 7, no. 40 (May 1, 2015): 1–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/disp-2015-0001.
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Abstract Fictionalists claim that instead of believing certain controversial propositions they accept them nonseriously, as useful make-believe. In this way they present themselves as having an austere ontology despite the apparent ontological commitments of their discourse. Some philosophers object that this plays on a distinction without a difference: the fictionalist’s would-be nonserious acceptance is the most we can do for the relevant content acceptance-wise, hence such acceptance is no different from what we ordinarily call ‘belief’ and should be so called. They conclude that it is subject to the norms applicable to paradigmatic empirical beliefs, and hence, pace fictionalists, ontological commitments must be taken seriously. I disentangle three strands in the objector’s thought: the ‘What more can you ask for?’ intuition, a linguistic/conceptual claim, and a claim about norms. I argue that the former two are compatible with ontological deflationism, and therefore do not entail applicability of the norms. Nevertheless, if indeed there is no more robust acceptance with which to contrast the supposed nonserious acceptance, then the fictionalist’s claim to austere ontology must be abandoned. Is there a reason to suppose there is any merit to the distinction-without-a-difference charge? I argue that there is, clarify it, and defend against objections, focusing on Daly 2008.
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Friedman, Monroe. "Commercial Influences in Popular Literature: An Empirical Study of Brand Name Usage in American and British Hit Plays in the Postwar Era." Empirical Studies of the Arts 4, no. 1 (January 1986): 63–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/x7qy-ekka-2v29-qga3.
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This article examines the impact of commercial practices on popular American and British literature by analyzing the usage made since World War II of brand names and generic names in the scripts of a selected set of hit plays performed on the New York stage and the London stage. Taken together with the results of an earlier study on popular American novels, the findings lend support to the charges of increasing commercial influence in the popular literature of the postwar era. The findings also underscore the significance of earlier conceptualizations such as “word-of-author advertising” as well as commercial and non-commercial forms of materialism.
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Rani Barooah, Papori. "SPECTACULAR SHAKESPEARE IN THE 21ST CENTURY CINEMA: MERGE OF CULTURES." International Journal of Advanced Research 8, no. 10 (October 31, 2020): 624–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/11885.
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In the entire gamut of publication and performance history, William Shakespeare is one of the most popular names and most of his plays have been acted and reacted, adapted and published in various forms. In many countries, to be particular, in India, perhaps due to the colonial heritage, Shakespeare has never ceased to fascinate – both in the pre- and post-independence era. Indian cinema has seen many versions of his plays in popular cinema. Amongst all the performances of Shakespeares plays, Vishal Bharadwaj movie Omkara (2006) may be considered as one of the best ever Indianized performances of his play Othello. This study is an attempt to critically study the recreation of Othello in the Indian setting in the light of the original play. It is aimed at capturing the universality in the works of Shakespeare to establish the acceptability of his creations in each age, the significance of his citation, and the purchase of his status in various cultural niches and registers. In the adaptation of Shakespeares plays in Indian films, the Bard is not only absorbed into the cultural fabric of India but still maintains a catalyzing presence in post-colonial India.
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Reszegi, Katalin. "Metaforikus névadás." Névtani Értesítő 42 (2020): 9–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.29178/nevtert.2020.1.
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The paper discusses the cognitive mechanics of metaphorical name-giving with a focus on place names, following an overview of cognitive metaphor theory and the questions of metaphorically used proper nouns. In cognitive linguistics, the use of metaphors is a cognitive mechanism that plays a fundamental role in human thought and understanding, and the creation of our social, cultural and psychological reality. A particular form of this also manifests in name-giving, creating a small but influential category of names. The category of place names also influences the application of this name-giving method: it is generally used in more informal names and name types. The creation of such a name requires the speaker to detach themselves from the conventional norms of direct descriptionand metonymic name-giving, and relies on their lingual creativity and ability to detach themselves from dominant name-giving models. However, names in the category can also be divided into subcategories. Beyond the typical common-noun-based metaphorical name-giving, more complex parallels can also be found, resulting in the associations connecting the names of several nearby locations. Place names can also serve as the base of metaphorical name-giving, supporting the complex meaning of these names. Despite the fact that the majority of metaphorical names are available from contemporary data collection, it is obviously a long-standing and ancient method of name-giving, as it is based on a cognitive mechanics that seem to be as old as humanity itself.
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Crisp, Michael Douglas, Jim Mant, Alicia Toon, and Lyn Gai Cook. "Australian spinifex grasses: new names in Triodia for Monodia and Symplectrodia." Phytotaxa 230, no. 3 (October 13, 2015): 293. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.230.3.9.
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The Australian spinifex grasses comprise an endemic radiation (69+ species) of morphologically and ecologically distinctive plants. Many species are long-lived hummock-forming perennials that bristle with needle-like leaves. Ecologically, they resemble sclerophyll shrubs rather than grasses (Rice & Westoby 1999). They are widespread in dry communities, especially the eremaean and monsoonal (savannah) biomes, where they often dominate the landscape, particularly on oligotrophic (sandy and skeletal) substrates. Across nearly one-third of the continent, spinifex plays a dominant role in structuring communities and their fire regimes, directly influencing the habitat dynamics of many animals, including endangered species (Allan & Southgate 2002, Brown et al. 2009, Dickman et al. 2011).
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Петрачкова, И. М. "ONOMASTIC UNIVERSALS IN CREATION OF POETONIMESIN THE PLAYS BY LYUDMILA NIKOLAYEVNA RAZUMOVSKAYA." Актуальные вопросы современной филологии и журналистики, no. 1(40) (March 19, 2021): 54–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.36622/aqmpj.2021.94.67.008.
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Статья посвящена исследованию имен собственных в контексте таких драматургических произведений Л.Н. Разумовской, как пьесах «Под одной крышей», «Дорогая Елена Сергеевна», «Сад без земли», «Майя», «Домой!..», «Медея», «Моя сестра Русалочка». Новизна работы состоит в том, что ранее ономастикон русской драматургии второй половины ΧΧ века, в том числе и пьес Л.Н. Разумовской, не изучался, а между тем он занимает особое место и играет важную роль как в осмыслении теоретических основ литературной ономастики, так и в их дальнейшем развитии. В работе перечисляются особенности создания и использования имен собственных в пьесах художника слова. Здесь рассматриваются типы и значимость заголовков, сюжетные и внесюжетные поэтонимы, их статус, семантика и функции, особенности употребления модификатов в изучаемых произведениях. Исследование отражает результаты применения системного подхода к классификации имен собственных, функционирующих в драматургическом тексте, раскрывает когнитивный, лингвокультурологический, парадигматический, синтагматический аспекты их анализа, направлено на выявление общих и индивидуально-авторских закономерностей онимического пространства (ономастических универсалий) драматургии «новой волны» на примере творчества Л.Н. Разумовской. Материалы статьи могут использоваться в учебных и просветительских целях в высших и средних учебных заведениях - в преподавании университетских курсов лексикологии, лингвистического анализа художественного текста, стилистики, современной русской литературы, а также спецкурсов и спецсеминаров по вопросам ономастики. Результаты исследования будут интересны широкому кругу преподавателей и учителей русской словесности, внедряющих в учебный процесс современные достижения филологических наук, с целью формирования у обучаемых устойчивого интереса к русскому языку и культуре, развития у них творческих способностей. The article is devoted to the study of proper names in the context of such dramatic works by L. N. Razumovskaya, such as the plays “Under One Roof”, “Dear Elena Sergeevna”, “Garden Without Land”, “Maya”, “Home! ..”, “Medea” , "My sister The Little Mermaid." The novelty of the work is that earlier the onomasticon of Russian dramaturgy of the second half of the ΧΧ century, including the plays of L. N. Razumovskaya, was not studied, but meanwhile it occupies a special place and plays an important role both in understanding of theoretical foundations of literary onomastics, and their further development. The paper lists the features of creating and using proper names in the artist’s plays of the word. Here we consider the types and significance of headings, plot and non-plot poem, their status, semantics and functions, especially the use of modifiers in the studied works. The study reflects the results of applying a systematic approach to the classification of proper names functioning in a dramatic text, reveals the cognitive, linguoculturological, paradigmatic, syntagmatic aspects of their analysis, is aimed at identifying the general and individual author's laws of the onymic space (onomastic universals) of the “new wave” dramaturgy using an example of creativity L. N. Razumovskaya. The materials of the article can be used for educational and enlightening purposes in higher and secondary educational institutions - in teaching university courses in lexicology, linguistic analysis of literary text, stylistics, modern Russian literature, as well as special courses and special seminars on onomastics. The results of the study will be of interest to a wide range of teachers and teachers of Russian literature, introducing the modern achievements of philological sciences into the educational process, with the aim of forming students' sustained interest in the Russian language and culture, developing their creative abilities.
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Aliakbarovа, Aigerim, Gulmira Madiyeva, and Chen Xiao. "EVOLUTION OF ANTHROPONYMS: TRANSFORMATION IN THE NAMING OF NEWBORN BABIES AND ITS ROLE FOR SOCIETY IN THE PERIOD OF LINGUISTIC TRANSITION." Humanities & Social Sciences Reviews 8, no. 4 (October 4, 2020): 1522–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.18510/hssr.2020.84140.
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Purpose of the study: The study is aiming to show that name is a kind of social identification code, i.e., the names serve important social and legal functions that contribute to the identification of the person in society, allowing joining various social institutions. The functioning of personal names plays a significant role in the lives of every member of society.
Methodology: The authors of the research article offer an empirical exploration of the transformation of naming newborns in the Republic of Kazakhstan. More specifically, the paper utilizes a grounded theory research procedure to investigate the transformations in the naming of newborn babies in Kazakhstan from the pre-Soviet times to the present.
Main Findings: The authors indicated that from the pre-Soviet times, the changes in naming systems in Kazakhstan have been consistent with the socio-cultural and political events of each era recognizing, appreciating, and accommodating Kazakh identities, histories, languages, and cultures. The names should serve as beacon lights that imbue in them self-esteem, health, and wellbeing on the path of their adulthood.
Applications of this study: The factual material, scientific results, and conclusions can be widely used in onomastic research, special courses on the theory of onomastics, on Kazakh anthroponymy, comparative onomastics, in lectures on semantics, word formation, lexicography. The results of the research can provide an opportunity for linguists, sociologists, psychologists, cultural scientists, etc. to draw appropriate conclusions on the formation of the national language and national consciousness.
Novelty/Originality of this study: The paper carries implications for contemporary anthroponyms. It is important to consider traditional thought as a viable knowledge source for naming newborns and conceptualizing research in anthroponyms, this does not mean the denunciation of newborn naming practices borrowed from other cultures in favor of traditional naming practices. Every newborn is named by the parents for a purpose and a reason.
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Chakravarty, A. K. "The Asterisms." International Astronomical Union Colloquium 91 (1987): 23–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0252921100105810.
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A system of 27 asterisms, or nakṣatras, plays an important role in Indian astronomy and calendrical science. The present convention is that the ecliptic is divided into 27 equal parts each 13°20' long commencing from one initial point. These arcs are called nakṣatras. Again a bright or prominent star of each division is called yogatārā bearing the name of the are division e.g., Kṛttikā as nakṣatra means an are division and as a yogatārā it means the star η Tauri of the Pleiades group.The origin of this asterism system is very old. The names of these stars appearin Vedic litrature. The Taittirīya, Kāṭhaka, Maitrāyaṇī Saṃhitas and the 19th book of Atharva Veda, each has given a list of 27 nakṣatras (the last two have included an additional star, Abhijit (αLyrae), making a total of 28 nakṣatras). All these lists always begin with the name kṛttikas (the star group Pleiades), and order of names of stars are more or less the same. Some of the stars changed their names in different hands; but they are always either star groups or single stars, and never arc divisions.
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Yang, Jialun, Feng Gao, Lifeng Shi, and Zhenlin Jin. "State Classification for Humanoid Robots." Applied Bionics and Biomechanics 5, no. 4 (2008): 167–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2008/732364.
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In this paper, we decouple the motion-planning problem of humanoid robots into two sub-problems, namely topological state planning and detailed motion planning. The state classification plays a key role for the first sub-problem. We propose several basic states, including lying, sitting, standing and handstanding, abstracted from the daily exercises of human beings. Each basic state is classified further from the topological point of view. Furthermore, generalised function (GF) set theory is applied with the aim of analysing the kinematic characteristics of the end effectors for each state, and meaningful names are assigned for each state. Finally a topological state-planning example is given to show the effectiveness of this methodology. The results show that the large amounts of states can be described using assigned names, which leads to systematic and universal description of the states for humanoid robots.
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Kondratieva, Svitlana. "“THE CONQUERORS” BY YURII YANOVSKYI: THE AUTHOR IN SEARCH OF THE TITLE FOR THE WORK." Слово і Час, no. 3 (May 26, 2021): 76–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.33608/0236-1477.2021.03.76-82.
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The titles of Yurii Yanovskyi’s plays have not been studied yet. There are research works dealing with different issues of his plays and focusing on the titles of his novels but not plays. The present paper analyzes different variants of the title that Yanovskyi had for his play finally called “Zavoiovnyky” (“The Conquerors”). The writer’s purpose was to find a name that would most accurately reflect the idea and emphasize the main theme of his work. The author was focused on two topics while writing the play. The first one was war and fight, and the second was international consciousness and unification of the working class. The writer had considered more than thirty optional titles before he chose the final one. It is important to note that Yanovskyi had started creating variants of the title before the text of the play was finished. Therefore, some options had been related to the themes that finally were not manifested in the play, or at least were not presented in scale sufficient for giving ground to the correspondent names. Some of the variants were not only related to the themes of the play but also directly referred to some episodes, sometimes omitted in the final version and kept only in the drafts. Some optional titles implied a wider metaphorical sense. The last approach is relevant for the final title “Zavojovnyky” as well. With this word Yanovskyi didn’t name a physical conquest of some land by some people, but the expansion of the idea of uniting the working class around the globe. The author directly expressed this idea in the final monologue of his play, with the statement that the working class aims to conquer all the world.
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Nye, William P. "Amazing Grace: Religion and Identity among Elderly Black Individuals." International Journal of Aging and Human Development 36, no. 2 (March 1993): 103–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/ldk1-19ck-1vp1-5mr5.
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A sample of forty-three “life stories” collected from elderly African-Americans residing in Southwestern Virginia is analyzed from the perspective of Continuity Theory. The focus is on the “theme” which religion plays as a bulwark of continuity in the lives of the respondents. The data reveal that religion serves at least seven significant and positive functions in the normal aging process of Black-Americans. As is customary, all names of respondents have been changed to protect their anonymity.
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Walkowiak, Justyna B. "Imiona mniejszości litewskiej w Polsce." Acta Baltico-Slavica 43 (December 31, 2019): 81–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.11649/abs.2019.004.
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The given names used by the Lithuanian minority in PolandThis article analyses the given names of members of the Lithuanian minority in Poland. It is based on a Lithuanian telephone directory issued in Puńsk in 1997, in which a significant number of personal names are recorded in the Lithuanian form. Their comparison with the corresponding data in two Polish telephone directories from a similar period revealed over two hundred “given name + surname” pairs in two language versions: Lithuanian and Polish. About eighty pairs in which the names differed in spelling and morphology have been extracted for analysis.In the analysis of given names, also Kazimierz Rymut’s name dictionary (1995) has been used to establish the frequency of selected names in the Suwalki region and beyond. The statistically significant higher turnout of names of Lithuanian origin in the Suwalki region than in the rest of Poland was confirmed in almost all cases. It was also established that the occurrence of Lithuanian given names in unassimilated form is more frequent there. The frequency of the given names which appear in the aforementioned Lithuanian telephone directory and on the lists of high school graduates in Puńsk from 1959–1995 was compared to the ranking lists of given names used in Poland and Lithuania. This enabled some observations concerning the choice of names by Polish Lithuanians.It appears that Lithuanian anthroponymy plays an important role in consolidating the Lithuanian minority in Poland, and that it can be viewed in terms of an in-group code. At the same time, the parallel use of two language versions of given names – Polish and Lithuanian – allows for the selection of the form depending on the communicative situation. Imiona mniejszości litewskiej w Polsce W artykule podjęto próbę analizy imion członków mniejszości litewskiej w Polsce. Bazą materiałową pracy jest wydana w 1997 roku w Puńsku litewska książka telefoniczna, w której antroponimy znacznej części abonentów zapisane zostały w postaci litewskiej. Porównując je z odpowiadającymi im danymi w dwóch polskich książkach telefonicznych ze zbliżonego okresu, uzyskano ponad dwieście par imię + nazwisko w dwóch wersjach językowych: litewskiej i polskiej, z których wyekscerpowano ok. 80 par imion różniących się grafią i morfologią.W analizie imion posłużono się też słownikiem imion K. Rymuta (1995), badając frekwencję wybranych imion na Suwalszczyźnie i poza nią. Potwierdzono istotną statystycznie wyższą frekwencję na Suwalszczyźnie prawie wszystkich imion pochodzenia litewskiego, a także częstsze występowanie tam imion litewskich w postaci niezasymilowanej do polszczyzny. Wykorzystując wspomnianą litewską książkę telefoniczną, spisy absolwentów liceum w Puńsku z lat 1959–1995 i listy rangowe frekwencji imion w Polsce i na Litwie, porównano też wybory imiennicze Litwinów mieszkających w Polsce, odnotowując podobieństwa do listy litewskiej.Jak stwierdzono, antroponimia litewska pełni istotną rolę konsolidującą mniejszość litewską w Polsce i stanowi swego rodzaju kod dla wtajemniczonych. Jednocześnie równoległe funkcjonowanie dwóch postaci językowych imienia – polskiej i litewskiej – pozwala na wybór postaci antroponimu zależnie od sytuacji komunikacyjnej.
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Wolnicz-Pawłowska, Ewa. "The fiftieth anniversary of the first United Nations Conference on the Standardization of Geographical Names." Polish Cartographical Review 49, no. 3 (September 1, 2017): 135–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/pcr-2017-0010.
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Abstract On the occasion of the fiftieth anniversary of the first United Nations Conference on the Standardization of Geographical Names, the author presents the historical background of the ongoing international cooperation on the unification of toponyms on a global scale. The 1967 conference in Geneva was extremely important in defining the objectives and tasks of the cooperation, setting out the main areas of action (national standardization, geographical terms, spelling systems, international exchange of information) and, through the resolutions adopted at the time, formulating detailed guidelines for standardization procedures. In the past half-century, the global organising of geographic nomenclature – although still incomplete – has gained a universally accepted institutional framework and has produced the expected results. The UNGEGN (United Nations Group of Experts on Geographical Names) plays a major role in organising the cyclical conferences, sessions, regional division and working group meetings, and toponymy courses, as well as inspiring the creation of unified databases and publications.
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Gago, E., A. Alves, M. Santos, and A. Ribeiro. "Can’t take that song out of my mind… impact of psychiatry in music." European Psychiatry 26, S2 (March 2011): 456. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(11)72163-0.
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IntroductionAs Aldoux Huxley said in his essay Music at Night (1931) ”After silence, that which comes nearest to expressing the inexpressible is music.”Music has always played an important role in knowledge and communication among different cultures and it plays a very important role in young people culture, transmitting their worries and interests. The music world, especially rock, jazz and blues, has been related to drugs and alcohol. Themes related to drug and alcohol abuse and other mental disorders are frequent in the contents of songs, titles and even in the names of bands.ObjectivesThe authors aim to show the relation between music and mental disorders.MethodsThe authors made a brief review of lyrics, song titles and names of popular bands of different music styles and times.ConclusionIn many song lyrics and titles it is frequent to appear promotion of drugs and alcohol abuse as well as reference to psychiatric clinical terms as suicide, hallucination and depression.
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Stoner, Samuel A. "Kant on Common-sense and the Unity of Judgments of Taste." Kant Yearbook 11, no. 1 (October 21, 2019): 81–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/kantyb-2019-0005.
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Abstract Though the notion of common-sense (Gemeinsinn) plays an important role in Kant’s aesthetic theory, it is not immediately clear what Kant means by this term. This essay works to clarify the role that common-sense plays in the logic of Kant’s argument. My interpretive hypothesis is that a careful examination of the way common-sense functions in Kant’s account of judgments of taste can help explain what this notion means. I argue that common-sense names the capacity to discern the relation between the cognitive faculties by means of a feeling, and I conclude that this understanding of common-sense lays the groundwork for an account of the unity of judgments of taste. I conclude that attending to Kant’s notion of common-sense is especially important because it highlights the anthropological significance of Kant’s account of beauty.
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Xing, Deng, Wu, Xie, and Gao. "Behavioral Habits-Based User Identification Across Social Networks." Symmetry 11, no. 9 (September 5, 2019): 1134. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym11091134.
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Social networking is an interactive Internet of Things. The symmetry of the network can reflect the similar friendships of users on different social networks. A user’s behavior habits are not easy to change, and users usually have the same or similar display names and published contents among multiple social networks. Therefore, the symmetry concept can be used to analyze the information generated by the user for user identification. User identification plays a key role in building better information about social network user profiles. As a consequence, it has very important practical significance in many network applications and has attracted a great deal of attention from researchers. However, existing works are primarily focused on rich network data and ignore the difficulty involved in data acquisition. Display names and user-published content are very easy to obtain compared to other types of user data across different social networks. Therefore, this paper proposes an across social networks user identification method based on user behavior habits (ANIUBH). We analyzed the user’s personalized naming habits in terms of display names, then utilized different similarity calculation methods to measure the similarity of the features contained in the display names. The variant entropy value was adopted to assign weights to the features mentioned above. In addition, we also measured and analyzed the user’s interest graph to further improve user identification performance. Finally, we combined one-to-one constraint with the Gale–Shapley algorithm to eliminate the one-to-many and many-to-many account-matching problems that often occur during the results-matching process. Experimental results demonstrated that our proposed method enables the possibility of user identification using only a small amount of online data.
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Sheloumov, V. I. "On the question of removing the uterine appendages through the vagina." Journal of obstetrics and women's diseases 11, no. 9 (December 22, 2020): 944–1008. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/jowd119944-1008.
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Pan's operation was named by the author as uterine castration. Although this name very often does not sufficiently define the mode of action of the surgeon, since usually the excision of the uterus is supplemented by the removal of the appendages, nevertheless it should be preferred to the names "complete castration or utero-ovarian" as Doyen's expression. It shows that during the operation, the removal of the uterus is of primary importance, and the removal of the appendages plays a secondary role and depends on the severity of their defeat; The uterus is removed first of all, and the appendages are not completely removed, and even often everything is limited to one opening of the cavities, says Segond. And the uterus itself, always more or less fixed by adhesions, cannot be removed otherwise than by lumping and applying pinching tweezers , as Pozzi put it and for this he proposes to call a hysterectomy, when it is performed with the aim of curing peri-uterine suppuration that empties - hysierectomia evacuatrix.
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MARCINIAK-FIRADZA, RENATA. "Jak dzieci/młodzież z głębszą niepełnosprawnością intelektualną kodują formacje słowotwórcze (na przykładzie kategorii nazw narzędzi)." Interdyscyplinarne Konteksty Pedagogiki Specjalnej, no. 22 (September 15, 2018): 219–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/ikps.2018.22.13.
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Renata Marciniak-Firadza, Coding of word formation structures by children/adolescents with deeper intellectual disability (on the example of the category of the tool names), Interdisciplinary Contexts of Special Pedagogy, No. 22, Poznań 2018. Pp. 215–235 Adam Mickiewicz University Press. ISSN 2300-391X. DOI: https://doi.org/10.14746/ikps.2018.22.13
Word formation plays an important role in the child’s linguistic and cognitive development, because the ability to interpret word formation structures and active use of the knowledge of derivation rules are the most important manifestations of linguistic competence at the lexical level. The aim of the article is a linguistic interpretation of selected names of tools obtained from children and adolescents aged 6–19 with diagnosed moderate and severe intellectual disability.. In the article, the author would like to draw attention first of all to the existence of word-formation structures in the linguistic awareness of children / adolescents and to the fact whether newly formed words are created in accordance with word-formation patterns existing inthe Polish language or they diverge from these patterns.
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ZHUNDIBAYEVA, Aray, and Meyirgul MURALBEK. "Genre of non-fiction works of Serik Abikenovich and methods of teaching it." ОҚМПУ ХАБАРШЫСЫ – ВЕСТНИК ЮКГПУ 27, no. 1 (March 2021): 76–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.47751/skspu-1937-0029.
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The article examines non-fiction f Serik Abikenuly and considers of his work in terms of a time of events in a plot, characters, a historical reality of toponymic names and teaching of his written works. The author of the article relied on the critical opinions of scientists-researchers of the Romance genre, demonstrating an artistic solution and a reality of life. In the analysis of his written works, it was proved that the place, time of the event, the existence of characters in life was proved by the example of the works of other scientists and writers. The article considers S. Abikenuly's documentary prose that are contributed in reviving of historical figures, family names, secret legends of the kazakh steppe, heroes of the early xx century, the role of knowledge of the remnants of the past in the formation of historical consciousness. Teaching of a written work based on historical data plays an important role in the formation of historical knowledge and national identity of learners. Therefore, in addition to the analysis of literature, the article shows the methods of teaching it.
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Barroso, Gabriel Lago de Sousa. "Tradução e revelação: a recepção dos nomes divinos na tradução da Antígona de Sófocles por Hölderlin." Nuntius Antiquus 8, no. 1 (June 30, 2012): 91–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.17851/1983-3636.8.1.91-103.
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Abstract: This paper aims to analyze the German poet Friedrich Hölderlin’s reception of the Greek tragedy, by examining his translations of two of Sophocles’ tragedies – Oedipus the King and Antigone –, which became a model for translation theory later on the 20th century. It intends to demonstrate Hölderlin’s peculiar view of Greece, acknowledged in the background of his work, which is reflected on the religious patterns of his translation, as he emphasizes the divine elements of Sophocles’ plays. This is more explicit in his transgressions of the original text, especially where he translates the Greek gods’ names.
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Hosain, Suman Nazmul. "After Whom the Instruments Named." Cardiovascular Journal 6, no. 2 (March 17, 2014): 184–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/cardio.v6i2.18366.
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Innovation in surgery plays a very important role of easing the task of the surgeons. Some instruments used in cardiac surgery today were designed by legendary surgeons from the past. These useful articles bear the names of their inventors. There hasnt been much documentation on the development of cardiothoracic surgical instruments. The historian claims that first known surgical instruments were developed as early as 10,000 BC! Hippocrates had reportedly developed different surgical instruments made of copper, iron, bronze, and brass. Renowned Muslim surgeon of middle age Al-Zahrawi devised many surgical instruments. Some surgeons developed instruments based on their own anatomical size and others for new operations that required more delicate instrumentation to perform them. Cardiothoracic surgeons also have adopted instruments innovated, designed and used by colleagues belonging to other surgical specialty. This article would explore a few of these legendary innovators, illuminating the drive that led these legends to design the surgical instruments we continue to use in our surgical practices even today. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/cardio.v6i2.18366 Cardiovasc. j. 2014; 6(2): 184-188
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Han, Sang-Eon. "Properties of space set topological spaces." Filomat 30, no. 9 (2016): 2475–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/fil1609475h.
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Since a locally finite topological structure plays an important role in the fields of pure and applied topology, the paper studies a special kind of locally finite spaces, so called a space set topology (for brevity, SST) and further, proves that an SST is an Alexandroff space satisfying the separation axiom T0. Unlike a point set topology, since each element of an SST is a space, the present paper names the topology by the space set topology. Besides, for a connected topological space (X,T) with |X| = 2 the axioms T0, semi-T1/2 and T1/2 are proved to be equivalent to each other. Furthermore, the paper shows that an SST can be used for studying both continuous and digital spaces so that it plays a crucial role in both classical and digital topology, combinatorial, discrete and computational geometry. In addition, a connected SST can be a good example showing that the separation axiom semi-T1/2 does not imply T1/2.
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Uchman, Jadwiga. "Decoding visual and acoustic signals: Epistemological uncertainty in Tom Stoppard’s 'After Magritte' and 'Artist Descending a Staircase'." Beyond Philology An International Journal of Linguistics, Literary Studies and English Language Teaching, no. 15/4 (December 28, 2018): 87–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.26881/bp.2018.4.05.
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The paper discusses two plays of Tom Stoppard, After Magritte and Artist Descending a Staircase, from the perspective of the uncertainty pertaining to the possibility of perceiving and adequately describing the reality. The plays employ intertextual references to two modern painters whose names are included in the titles of the dramas and who are known to have experimented in their artistic ventures. In two series of pictures, The Key of Dreams and The Use of Words, Ma-gritte dealt with the difficulties connected with representing reality in pictorial and linguistic terms, while Beauchamp tried to present not only three dimensionality but also movement on the two dimensional canvas. Apart from referring to art, Stoppard’s pieces are also a kind of who-done-it, with each of them trying to solve a mystery. After Magritte discloses the solution of the identity of the strange figure the characters saw in the street and also logically explains the strange opening and closing stage images. Being a radio play, Artist Descend-ing a Staircase, teaches the audience to decode aural signals and demonstrates that, similar to objects of visual perception, they may be decoded in different ways. The two dramas discussed thus deal with the relative quality of reality, whose perception and description depends on individual sensitivity of a concrete person.
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Dubois, Alain. "Zoological nomina in the century of extinctions: new proposals." Bionomina 8, no. 1 (June 18, 2015): 11–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/bionomina.8.1.2.
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The taxonomic urgency, caused by the combination of the taxonomic gap (wide incompleteness of the taxonomic inventory of living beings on earth) and the biodiversity crisis (major threats of extinction on a large part of the current biodiversity) imposes heavy responsibilities on the scientific community of biologists and particularly of taxonomists. In order to become more efficient in the work of description and naming of the species and other taxa, some changes in traditional working practices should be implemented. Among them, a simplification and standardisation of some nomenclatural Rules and practices, and in particular of the way of writing the scientific names of taxa (nomina) should be considered. Although traditionally considered important, authorship plays no role in the implementation of the nomenclatural Rules concerning availability, allocation and validity of nomina, and the traditional emphasis put on authorship in nomenclature plays in fact a negative role in taxonomy. Removing the names of authors, but not the date, from the nominal-complex by which each taxon is designated would de-emphasise the role of authorship in nomenclature. It would reduce the burden of nomenclatural taxonomic inflation and synonymy load due to nomenclatural mihilim and unwarranted descriptions of new taxa that will later have to be treated as synonyms. Other proposals regarding the standards and length of writing nominal-complexes in publications are offered, which should be beneficial not only to scientific publications using nomina of taxa, but also to the computerisation of nomenclatural information and its electronic diffusion. These proposed changes, some of which are drastic, should not be implemented at once, but in several steps, in order to be progressively adopted by the community of taxonomists.
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Pulleyblank, Edwin G. "Ji 姬 and Jiang 姜: The Role of Exogamic Clans in the Organization of the Zhou Polity." Early China 25 (2000): 1–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0362502800004259.
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AbstractsThe rule of surname exogamy, which has been an important feature of Chinese social organization down to recent times, seems to have originated with the Zhou dynasty. Its importance is symbolized in the myth of Jiang Yuan姜媚 or 姜原, the mother of Hou Ji后稷, Lord Millet, the ancestor of the Zhou kings, whose surname was Ji姬. Contrary to a view that has become popular, it is argued that Ji and Jiang could not have been the names of two originally separate peoples with different geographical origins that came together and formed an intermarrying alliance but were the names of the two leading, intermarrying, clans of a single people. After the Zhou conquest of Shang, marriage politics, which required the rulers of originally non-Chinese states to have clan names of the same kind, played an important part in gradually incorporating such states into the Zhou, Hua-Xia華夏, polity. The fact that the surnames Ji and Jiang were also found among peoples known as Rong 戎 who were not recognized as Hua-Xia but were probably also Sino-Tibetan in language seems to be consistent with traditional accounts of Zhou's northwestern origins. The words Ji and Jiang are probably etymologically related and although yang羊 “sheep” plays a phonetic role in the graphs of both the surname Jiang and the ethnic name Qiang 羌, Jiang and Qiang are two separate words and need not have anything to do with one another.
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Funkhouser, Mark, and Joan Yanjun Pu. "Government Performance Auditing in the U.S. and China: Lessons Drawn from a Comparative Review." Chinese Public Administration Review 10, no. 2 (December 20, 2019): 65. http://dx.doi.org/10.22140/cpar.v10i2.210.
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Performance auditing plays a key role in improving government performance and public accountability. This paper examines the concept of government performance auditing in the U.S. and China from a comparative perspective. The paper begins with a brief introduction of the origin of auditing and performance auditing. It then discusses the variances in definitions, names, and underlying values of performance auditing; describes the authorities and organizational structures of performance auditing in the two countries; and reviews the roles of performance auditing in improving government. It concludes with a discussion of challenges as well as opportunities that face government performance auditing in the U.S. and in China.
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Mark, Funkhouser, and Joan Yanjun. "Government Performance Auditing in the U.S. and China: Lessons Drawn from a Comparative Review." Chinese Public Administration Review 2, no. 3/4 (November 4, 2016): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.22140/cpar.v2i3/4.47.
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Performance auditing plays a key role in improving government performance and public accountability. This paper examines the concept of government performance auditing in the U.S. and China from a comparative perspective. The paper begins with a brief introduction of the origin of auditing and performance auditing. It then discusses the variances in definitions, names, and underlying values of performance auditing; describes the authorities and organizational structures of performance auditing in the two countries; and reviews the roles of performance auditing in improving government. It concludes with a discussion of challenges as well as opportunities that face government performance auditing in the U.S. and in China.
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Fadeeva, G. M. "PROPER NOUNS IN TRANSLATION OF FAIRY TALES." Onomastics of the Volga Region, no. 2 (2020): 293–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.34216/2020-2.onomast.293-298.
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Fairy tales were and are passed down through generations wandering from nation to nation, particularly through translation (often via a relay language - Relaisübersetzen). The translation of proper nouns plays a crucial role in preserving the national identity of fairy tales as a linguacultural phenomenon that reflects the national worldview.A translator should take into account the peculiarities of a new recipient, which raises a question about the cultural adaption of fairy tales. These questions are considered on the basis of Russian-German translations of fairy tales including those of the indigenous peoples of northern Russia and the Siberian fairy tales that comprise nationally specific names and aptronyms.
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Yan, Xia, Jing Liu, Xue Leng, and Han Ouyang. "Chemical Diversity and Biological Activity of Secondary Metabolites from Soft Coral Genus Sinularia since 2013." Marine Drugs 19, no. 6 (June 11, 2021): 335. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/md19060335.
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Sinularia is one of the conspicuous soft coral species widely distributed in the world’s oceans at a depth of about 12 m. Secondary metabolites from the genus Sinularia show great chemical diversity. More than 700 secondary metabolites have been reported to date, including terpenoids, norterpenoids, steroids/steroidal glycosides, and other types. They showed a broad range of potent biological activities. There were detailed reviews on the terpenoids from Sinularia in 2013, and now, it still plays a vital role in the innovation of lead compounds for drug development. The structures, names, and pharmacological activities of compounds isolated from the genus Sinularia from 2013 to March 2021 are summarized in this review.
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Al Basuony, Gihan Samy Ibrahim. "Representation of Iraqi War between Fantasy and Reality in Rajiv Joseph's Bengal Tiger at Baghdad Zoo: A New Historicist Reading." European Scientific Journal, ESJ 12, no. 29 (October 31, 2016): 323. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2016.v12n29p323.
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Rajiv Joseph's Bengal Tiger at the Baghdad Zoo is among the plays which represent the Iraqi war— a prominent event in postmodern history. The play is based on a real story which happened in the Bagdad Zoo when some American soldiers killed a rare Bengal tiger. It is a documentation of this real story and it includes real names and historical places and characters, which make it qualified as a documentary play. The present paper employs the new historicist method in its attempt to show how much the play is a representation of the culture that motivates the actions, whether it is the culture of the author or that of the characters concerned, Arabs and Americans. Thus, the play could be seen both as a product of the interaction of the American culture and the Arab culture that it came in touch with. The American soldiers first saw this war as a mission of freedom, while the Iraqis saw it as ruin of their culture. However, the dramatic method reflects changes in perspectives as the characters come into contact. In this way, the present reading is a chance to understand cultural and intellectual history through literature and mutual influence of cultures.
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Kochneva, Natalya S. "Function intertextual game in a literary text by V. P. Krapivin." Tyumen State University Herald. Humanities Research. Humanitates 6, no. 1 (2020): 35–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.21684/2411-197x-2020-6-1-35-47.
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Proper names are important elements of a fiction story. Unfortunately, they are not enough researched through the prism of onomastic game. In this article, we verify the hypothesis that intertextual proper names, or “gamemes”, perform important functions in a fiction text. Using them, an author creates a ludic text, which reflects a non-standard and creative approach to its consideration. This article aims to analyze the functions of “gamemes” used in a tale by Vladislav Krapivin, a Russian children’s writer. To achieve this goal, the author of this article has applied the methods of interpretation, classification, linguistic analysis, contextual and component analysis. The research novelty of this article lies in the analysis of the functions of game intertextual onomastic units in V. Krapivin’s “The Piroskaf Grandfather Mazai”. The research object is V. Krapivin’s novel “The Piroskaf Grandfather Mazai” (the version of 2018), which is interesting from the onomastic point of view. One can say that this novel is a proper names’ manifest, because there are a significant amount of onomastic units concentrated in a relatively small text. The gamemes used in the text are the units, analyzed in this article. The results allow defining three dominant functions, which create a special ludic context in perception of onomastic units. In addition, we describe linguistic mechanisms for implementing these functions. The sense-forming function plays a big part in the text formation: the intertextual onomastic “layering” effects in carnivalization, attracting the interest of the text’s core audience — children. The evaluation function shows author’s modality through the connotation loop of intertextual gamemes. The marking function is the indicator of a fictional world, or chronotope.
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Ménager, S. D. "Tout-Monde, Glissant ... comme ses noms l’indiquent." Literator 19, no. 2 (April 30, 1998): 61–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/lit.v19i2.522.
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Tout-Monde, Glissant ... comme ses noms l’indiquent In the field of Caribbean literature, Edouard Glissant from Martinique occupies a unique place. His aim as stated at the beginning of his career, has been to create a supra-rational language able to reach the depths of West Indian sub-consciousness in order to free it. In one of his recent novels (Tout-Monde - 1993), the therapeutic function of his writing seems to be overcome by the task of global obscuring. The extreme complexity of the spatio and temporal structure bears witness to this point, as does the particular effort that the writer puts into his use of the names of his characters and the manner in which he plays with them. This article, though an onomastic perspective, is a census of the absence of certain names, the sophisticated jamming of others, their versatility and ever-changing nature as well as many other remarkable fluctuations which constitute a metonymy of desire: the desire to hide a secret which is perhaps the mystery of literary creation. With the help of examples taken from other Caribbean writers (Confiant, Chamoiseau), the danger of decoding what is hidden behind the mentioned names is underlined through three characters, all called Anestor. What comes out of this analysis is that the decoding is bound and meant to fail. The reader is to be lost in the labyrinth of the novel by the will of the writer. A crossed-out quotation suggests that statements, contradictions, negations are all part of a unique process which is part of the attempt to re-read the history of Creole literature and to foresee what its future might have in store.
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Sundueva, E. V. "Names of musical instruments in the Monument “Truthful Record about the Mongols of the Qing Empire”." Languages and Folklore of Indigenous Peoples of Siberia, no. 38 (2019): 45–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.25205/2312-6337-2019-2-45-50.
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The author considers the names of musical instruments presented in the decree on attributes of an escort of the Manchurian governor Hung Taiji for the festive ceremony held in honor of granting him the title ‘Gracious Peaceful Bogdo-Khan’ in 1636. The decree is presented in the written monument “Truthful record about Mongols of the Qing Empire” published in Classic Mongolian in 2013 in Huhe-Hoto (Inner Mongolia, People’s Republic of China). The author concludes that nominations of most of musical instruments took place on the basis of the acoustic perception of the sound they produced. For the first time the etymology of the word bičkigür ‘flute’ from the now-defunct verb *bičgi- ‘to whistle’ is proposed. In this way, in the Mongolic languages there are both ‘transparent onomatopoeias’ associated with some real sounds and imitations that lost their connection with the ideophonic words and allow only etymological reconstructions. The analyzing of semantics of dependent components of Mongolian complex words indicates that figurative perception of objects plays the main role during the nomination process. Consideration of complex words shows a generally similar mechanism of nomination of musical instruments in Mongolian and Chinese of the 17 th century. The description of the ideophonic words made it possible to expose semiotic, psychophysiological and linguistic foundations of the essence of language.
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Gu Yueguo. "The activity type as interface between langue and parole, and between individual and society." Pragmatics and Society 1, no. 1 (August 13, 2010): 74–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ps.1.1.05gu.
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This paper first re-examines Levinson’s notion of activity type, followed by a review of ethnographic, sociopsychological and ecological studies of the same phenomenon under varied names. The activity type is generally treated as a context in pragmatics. This paper departs from this thinking by proposing that it be treated as the primary object and unit of investigation per se. The role the activity type plays should be that of an interface bridging the langue-parole dichotomy, and the individual-society dichotomy. It is further proposed that the activity type be studied as embodied activities at the token level. It is thus re-conceptualized in term of land-borne situated discourse (LBSD).
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Ouoba, Adjima, Sabine Nadembega, Moussa N’Golo Konaté, Hervé Nandkangré, Mahama Ouédraogo, and Mahamadou Sawadogo. "Variabilite De La Coloration Du Tegument Des Graines De Voandzou Cultivees Au Burkina Faso Et Les Noms Locaux Associes." European Scientific Journal, ESJ 14, no. 33 (November 30, 2018): 188. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2018.v14n33p188.
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Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdcourt specie is a traditional African legume, grown in all parts of Burkina Faso. It plays a huge role in the resilience of poor people to food and nutritional insecurity. In order to contribute to the safeguarding of the genetic resources of this specie and to better valorize it in the selection and varietal improvement programs, a study on the phenotypic variability based on the coloration of the seed coat and the nomenclature of the local varieties within certain ethnic groups has been realized. Prospecting and collection of bambara groundnut accessions has made in several localities across the three agro-climatic zones of Burkina Faso. Accessions collected were identified on the basis of seed coat colouring and local names within some ethnic groups. Frequency calculations of the accessions collected according to the staining of tegument were performed. From a total of 138 seed samples collected 322 accessions were obtained with a breakdown into 22 groups of accessions according to the coloration of their tegument. This important phenotypic variability can be exploited in the breeding and varietal breeding programs of bambara groundnut. Knowing the local names of the accessions can also be useful in the nomenclature of the selected varieties and can help in facilitating their adoption by the producers.
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Pires, Carolina, Dina Silva, João Maroco, Sandra Ginó, Tiago Mendes, Ben A. Schmand, Manuela Guerreiro, and Alexandre de Mendonça. "Memory Complaints Associated with Seeking Clinical Care." International Journal of Alzheimer's Disease 2012 (2012): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/725329.
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Diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment relies on the presence of memory complaints. However, memory complaints are very frequent in healthy people. The objective of this study was to determine the severity and type of memory difficulties presented by elderly patients who seek for clinical help, as compared to the memory difficulties reported by subjects in the community. Assessment of subjective memory complaints was done with the subjective memory complaints scale (SMC). The mini-mental state examination was used for general cognitive evaluation and the geriatric depression scale for the assessment of depressive symptoms. Eight-hundred and seventy-one nondemented subjects older than 50 years were included. Participants in the clinical setting had a higher total SMC score (10.3±4.2) than those in the community (5.1±3.0). Item 3 of the SMC,Do you ever forget names of family members or friends?contributed significantly more to the variance of the total SMC score in the clinical sample (18%) as compared to the community sample (11%). Forgetting names of family members or friends plays an important role in subjective memory complaints in the clinical setting. This symptom is possibly perceived as particularly worrisome and likely drives people to seek for clinical help.
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Hummelen, W. M. H. "Sinnekens in prenten en op schilderijen." Oud Holland - Quarterly for Dutch Art History 106, no. 3 (1992): 117–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/187501792x00181.
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AbstractRemarks in various art-historical studies of recent date prompt the question of how the Vices ('sinnekens') so popular in sixteenth-century drama can be identified in the art of that period. Unlike the 'Iniquity', (the buffoon-like figure who also occurs outside drama), the Vices assume a variety of guises, judging by the texts of the plays. Their appearance can reflect their names, their function in the overall metaphor of the (allegorical!) play in which they figure or the author's satirical intentions, or they may also accentuate the demonic aspect dictated by the play's subject-matter. On the other hand the simple reference to a personage from a play as a 'Vice' is apparently sufficiently clear. Perhaps this is connected with a local tradition of dressing a 'Vice' in a particular costume owned by the dramatic company performing the piece. A Vice's only permanent attribute is a hammer (deriving from Thor's thunderbolt), but it is not sure how traditional this attribute really is. Some light can be shed on all these questions by extant depictions of Vices, three groups of which may be distinguished: (1) illustrations of plays (figs. 3-11), (2) depictions on rebus blazons alluding to the word 'sinnen' (senses) (figs. 12-16) and (3) engravings of the allegorical procession into Haarlem of companies competing in the interlocal contest (1606). Some of the companies had characters from the play to be performed at the competition (including the Vices) march in the procession (figs. 17-19). From these sources it emerges that the Vices (usually two) were either very similar in appearance or as different as chalk and cheese, except for an attribute (a stick or a hammer). Otherwise they differ from the other characters in a play in bizarre items of costume or their vivacious attitudes. With the aid of these data and the information contained in the texts of plays as to the interpretation of the Vices' roles, a number of figures in various prints and paintings can be identified as Vices (figs. 20-24, 26). As for the studies referred to at the beginning of this summary, the conclusion is that Emmens' interpretation of the kitchen-maids in various paintings by Joachim de Beuckelaer as Vices (fig. 1) must be rejected. The boys attired as Iniquity in Maarten van Hccmskerck's series of engravings The tale of Bel and the dragon (figs. 2, 27, 28) are perhaps inspired by the Vices (Gibson), but only to a certain extent. Their function in the illustrated story is not characteristic of the Vices, nor is their costume (Saunders). Apart from a direct or indirect theatrical link, it seems that the Vices do not, or rarely, occur in prints and paintings. This could however be a delusion, for the Vices have scarcely been sought outside this context.
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Safir, Ken. "Vehicle Change and Reconstruction in Ā-Chains." Linguistic Inquiry 30, no. 4 (October 1999): 587–620. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/002438999554228.
Full textAbstract:
Fiengo and May (1994) argue that what they call “vehicle change,” which permits copies of names to be evaluated as pronouns with respect to interpretive principles, plays a key role in accounting for reconstruction effects in ellipsis environments. It is argued here that the alleviation of Principle C violations (“antire construction effects”), where it occurs in Ā-chains, is due not to deletion of the lower copy, as in Chomsky 1995, but to vehicle change. The introduction of vehicle change into the theory of Ā-chains is independently motivated as essential to capturing a robust adjunct/nonadjunct distinction in the reconstruction of pronoun-as-bound-variable readings that has not been discussed up to now; at the same time it predicts the class of “weakest crossover” environments.
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Cowan, Robert. "Starring Nero as Nero: Poetry, Role-Playing and Identity in Juvenal 8.215-21." Mnemosyne 62, no. 1 (2009): 76–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156852508x252849.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractJuvenal's synkrisis between Orestes and Nero climaxes with the statement that the former never played Orestes; the implied antithesis, that Nero did play Nero, gains point from the princeps' practice of wearing masks resembling his own face. This blurring of the distinction between 'playing Nero' and 'playing Orestes' problematizes the princeps' identity. This problematization is furthered by the peculiarities of Orestes, who in various tragic plots repeatedly either plays other roles or is himself impersonated. This is part of Satire 8's wider exploration of identity as underdetermined by ancestry and the inadequacy of names as signifiers. The further statement that Orestes never wrote a Troica is illuminated by its intertextual engagement with Callimachus Epigr. 59 G-P, in which the poet's loss of his 'Pyladeses' through writing a play contrasts with Orestes' omission of this final act of madness. The Callimachean Orestes thus keeps distinct the roles of tragedian and tragic hero, poet and character, thereby foregrounding Nero's failure to maintain this distinction. By blurring his identity with that of Paris in both his epic and his alleged burning of Rome, Nero confuses the categories of artist and perpetrator, creator and character, just as he and Orestes confuse those of actor and role.
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Milward, Peter. "Two Tudor Witnesses to “the Corps of Christendom” – More and Shakespeare." Moreana 47 (Number 181-, no. 3-4 (December 2010): 94–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/more.2010.47.3-4.5.
Full textAbstract:
In the literary history of Tudor England, I venture to propose two names as standing out and claiming comparison with each other as witnesses to the ideal and reality of Christendom – those of Thomas More in the reign of Henry VIII and William Shakespeare in the reign of Elizabeth I. In the case of More, little needs to be said, it is so obvious that he bore witness to the ideal and the reality, even to the shedding of his blood as a canonized martyr. But in that of Shakespeare, much more has to be said in view of the seemingly overwhelming evidence to the contrary. For this purpose it is necessary to take account not just of the dramatist’s indebtedness to More’s Life of Richard III in his history play of that title, nor just of his contribution to the MS Book of Sir Thomas More, nor of the one explicit mention of More in the play of Henry VIII, which is commonly attributed to John Fletcher, but of the whole corpus of Shakespeare’s plays in their chronological order as bearing witness in their totality to what More called in his last speech at his trial in Westminster Hall “the whole corps of Christendom”.
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Goldberg, Sander M. "Roman Comedy Gets Back to Basics." Journal of Roman Studies 101 (May 25, 2011): 206–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0075435811000074.
Full textAbstract:
Twenty-one plays survive under the name of Plautus. Add the six by Terence and the fragmentary record from Andronicus in the mid-third century to Turpilius late in the second, and the result is a significant corpus with something for nearly everyone: an extensive record of Latin at a key period in its history, a major arena for the Romans' ongoing struggle with Hellenism, a genre more central to later Western drama than anything Greek, and, however well scholarship may sometimes obscure the fact, plays that are genuinely funny and replete with the sights, sounds, and smells of what passes for daily life in the Roman Republic. Small wonder the comoedia palliata once attracted some of the great names in Roman studies. What Alison Sharrock was taught to regard as only ‘a stereotype-ridden exercise in lamentable literary secondariness’ (ix) must from the beginning have meant something quite different to Ritschl and Leo, not to mention Studemund, whose eyesight never recovered from the strain of transcribing the Ambrosian palimpsest of Plautus. How did the study of comedy ever become a literary backwater? And what has happened to it since?