Relevant bibliographies by topics / PLC ladder of the machine logic

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'PLC ladder of the machine logic'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 5 June 2025
Last updated: 9 July 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "PLC ladder of the machine logic"

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Agustiawan, Iwan, Eka Taufiq Firmansjah, and Wahyu Nugroho. "Perancangan Sistem Kontrol Mesin Packing Buncis Otomatis Berbasis Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) Di Gabungan Kelompok Tani (Gapoktan) Lembang Agri." Jurnal Rekayasa Energi dan Mekanika 3, no. 2 (2024): 101. http://dx.doi.org/10.26760/jrem.v3i2.101.

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ABSTRAK Tingginya kebutuhan ekspor sayuran buncis kenya, membuat para petani Lembang Agri harus menjaga kualitas dan kuantitas dari produk yang di ekspor. Oleh karena itu para petani membutuhkan mesin yang dapat membantu proses packing sayuran buncis secara otomatis. Dengan adanya mesin packing sayuran buncis otomatis diharapkan dapat meningkatkan produktivitas, safety, dan meningkatkan kualitas produk. Mesin packing buncis kenya otomatis yang dirancang menggunakan Programmable Logic Controller (PLC). PLC berperan dalam sistem kendali jalannya konveyor dan aktuator. Caranya dengan mengatur massa buncis yang akan di input pada sensor loadcell, bobot buncis yang akan ditimbang yaitu 250gr dan 350gr. Oleh karena itu dalam penelitian ini dibahas mengenai sistem kontrol mesin packing buncis otomatis yang berbasis kendali Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) menggunakan Software Automation Studio dan Software Zelio Soft. Dari Software yang digunakan menghasilkan Program ladder yang siap di upload ke PLC dengan 2 bobot massa yang berbeda, skema input output PLC dan wiring diagram. Kata kunci : Mesin Packing, Buncis Kenya, PLC, Automation Studio, Zelio Soft. ABSTRACT The high export needs of Kenyan beans, make Lembang agri farmers must maintain the quality and quantity of products exported. Therefore, farmers need a machine that can help the packing process of beans automatically. With the automatic packing machine, green beans are expected to increase productivity, safety, and improve product quality. One of them is the use of automatic kenya bean packing machines based on Programmable Logic Controller (PLC). PLC plays a role in the control system of conveyors and actuators. The trick is to adjust the mass of beans that will be input to the load cell sensor, the weight of the beans to be weighed is 250gr and 350gr. Therefore, this research discusses the automatic bean packing machine control system based on Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) control using Automation Studio Software and Zelio Soft Software. The software used produces a ladder program that is ready to be uploaded to the PLC with 2 different mass weights, a PLC input output scheme and a wiring diagram. Key words : Packing Machine, Beans kenya, PLC, Automation Studio, Zelio Soft.
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Shi, Xiao Juan. "Design and Implementation of an Embedded PLC System with Applied-Information Technology." Applied Mechanics and Materials 685 (October 2014): 401–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.685.401.

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To overcome the shortcomings of external PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) and soft PLC being widely employed in switch control of CNC machine tool, an embedded PLC system was developed by integrating AVR single chip ATMEGA169, PC bus technique and dual port RAM. Both hardware circuit and software of the PLC system were designed and implemented. The software of Industrial PC was developed by using ladder-diagram IDE (Integrated Design Environment) based on the platform of Borland C++ Builder. In this environment, it can fulfill edit, compilation and communication function of ladder-diagram file. It also can monitor and diagnose PLC running status. This developed embedded PLC system has the characteristics of compact structure, high communication and reliability. It can effectively satisfy real-time control requirements of CNC machine tool.
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Afa Michael, Inikuro. "Development of Lift Control System Algorithm and P-M-E Analysis in the Workplace." Applied System Innovation 1, no. 4 (2018): 38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/asi1040038.

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Lifts play an important role in human transportation in multi-storage buildings, which experience continuous improvements to their architecture and structure. As a result of these improvements, the development of efficient lift systems with more programs is required to meet these changes. In this work, a lift control system based on a programmable logic controller (PLC) is introduced, elucidating the development of the lift control algorithm and network based on a dispatching algorithm that utilizes a fuzzy system and exploits the traffic situation and condition. The PLC language ladder logic is implemented to facilitate a reduction in the average waiting time of passengers and the power consumption. Ladder diagrams for different scenarios are compared. The analysis of personnel-machine-environment (P-M-E) system conditions was conducted, examining numerous physical factors that could pose health and safety threats to workers. The present study opens doors for future lift systems studies based on PLC and the estimation of a safe workplace for machines and operators.
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Zhang, Zhi Sheng, Cheng Li, Yi Fan Zhou, and Wen Dong Liu. "A Transformation Method between PLC Ladder Diagrams and Instruction Lists Using Recursive and Stack Algorithms." Advanced Materials Research 490-495 (March 2012): 1908–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.490-495.1908.

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The method of transforming a ladder diagram (LD) and an instruction list (IL) of PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) to each other is investigated in this paper. Firstly, ladder-step is adopted on transforming LD into IL. Ladder-step is divided series or parallel by using recursive algorithm, and then complicated ladder-step can be divided into several simple ladder-steps which can be converted to IL easily. When obtaining simple ladder-steps’ IL, combining them together to get final IL program of complicated LD program. Secondly, on transforming IL into LD, stack algorithm contributes a lot. Scanning IL to generate LD of each instruction block, and then pushing them into stack. Combine LDs in the stack by operating instruction, and then IL is transformed into LD successfully. Finally, in the last part of this paper, we show our PLC software and lower position machine. In addition, this transforming algorithm has already applied in PLC software successfully.
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K, Shanmuga Priyan. "Control System Upgradation with Linear Actuator in Coil Unloading Machine." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, no. 6 (2022): 2248–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.44255.

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Abstract: In this paper, we are going to see about the project is to unload the coil for the dispatching process from metal plate to place in thermo coal with the help of linear actuator. The process of coil unloading is automated with the help of HMI, sensors, motors and linear actuator. This process is carried out through ladder logic methodology. The linear actuator application machine process is the machine based on the PLC (PROGRAMMABLE LOGIC CONTROLLER) controller. Earlier PLC controllers are huge programmed size, spare parts are rare, inbuilt programming that could not change as per the requirements and the absolute models which is difficult to learn. The cam shaft mechanism takes over time to assemble the coil position. And also coils pick up and drop step by step process is difficult.To overcome this problem used the advanced PLC controllers model SIEMENS-S7 1200 instead of earlier telemechanic PLC controller because in this SIEMENS-S7 1200 model PLC the HMI is used to display the coil positions.
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Radhi Mahmood, Jawad, and Ramzy Salim Ali. "PLC/HMI Based Portable Workbench for PLC and Digital Logic Learning and Application Development." Iraqi Journal for Electrical and Electronic Engineering 21, no. 1 (2024): 83–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.37917/ijeee.21.1.8.

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A Programmable logic controller (PLC) uses the digital logic circuits and their operating concepts in its hardware structure and its programming instructions and algorithms. Therefore, the deep understanding of these two items is staple for the development of control applications using the PLC. This target is only possible through the practical sensing of the various components or instructions of these two items and their applications. In this work, a user-friendly and re-configurable ladder, digital logic learning and application development design and testing platform has been designed and implemented using a Programmable Logic Controller (PLC), Human Machine Interface panel (HMI), four magnetic contactors, one Single-phase power line controller and one Variable Frequency Drive (VFD) unit. The PLC role is to implement the ladder and digital logic functions. The HMI role is to establish the virtual circuit wiring and also to drive and monitor the developed application in real time mode of application. The magnetic contactors are to play the role of industrial field actuators or to link the developed application control circuit to another field actuator like three phase induction motor. The Single -phase power line controller is to support an application like that of the soft starter. The VFD is to support induction motor driven applications like that of cut-to-length process in which steel coils are uncoiled and passed through cutting blade to be cut into required lengths. The proposed platform has been tested through the development of 14 application examples. The test results proved the validity of the proposed platform.
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Hnin, Yu Lwin, and Hla Myo Htay U. "Design and Simulation of Automated Packaging Machine Process Control by Using PLC." International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development 3, no. 5 (2019): 1423–26. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3590869.

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Industry automation becomes the global trend in manufacturing and packaging process is one of the uses in industry. Modern industrial plants require the automatic process control system to control the desired process. The programmable logic controller PLC is very useful for the industrial automation in the modern business world. Industrial automation plays an important role in increasing the yield of a product. And then, among the controlling systems, the PLC control system has more applications than the other numerical control systems. It can be observed that a circuit has a fault by checking the control panel board. Troubleshooting can be done quickly visual observation. The main idea of the paper is to automate the process for packaging the detergent that weights 85 kg. Programmable logic controller SIEMENS SIMATIC S7 300 CPU 214C 2PN DP AC DC relay was used to control and automate this machine by ladder logic diagram software. In this paper, TIA portal V 13 software is used as programming software. Hnin Yu Lwin | U Hla Myo Htay "Design and Simulation of Automated Packaging Machine Process Control by Using PLC" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-5 , August 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd26652.pdf
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Zar, Kyi Win, and Tin Nwe Tin. "PLC Based Automatic Bottle Filling and Capping System." International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development 3, no. 6 (2019): 389–92. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3587901.

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Filling is the task that is carried out by a machine and this process is widely used in many industries that produce such as milk industries, chemical, food, mineral water and many industrial manufactures. The objective of this paper is to design, develop and monitor "Bottle filling and capping with PLC". This work provides with a lot of benefits like low power consumption, low operational cost, less maintenance, accuracy and many more. A prototype has been developed to illustrate the system. In this paper, the filling of the bottle is controlled by using a controller known as Programmable Logic Controller PLC which is also the heart of the entire system. For the conveyor system, a DC motor has been selected for better performance and ease of operation. Proximity sensors have been used to detect the position of the bottle. Ladder logic has been used for the programming of the PLC, which is the most widely used and accepted language for the programming of the PLC. Zar Kyi Win | Tin Tin Nwe "PLC Based Automatic Bottle Filling and Capping System" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-6 , October 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd28114.pdf
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Purnomo, Anang Dwi, Arief Goeritno, and Danang Adi Nugroho. "Simulator Proses Pengisian dan Pemasangan Tutup Botol Terkendali PLC Berbantuan Miniatur Konveyor." Jurnal RESTI (Rekayasa Sistem dan Teknologi Informasi) 5, no. 4 (2021): 774–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.29207/resti.v5i4.3189.

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A miniature conveyor machine assisted by embedded systems and controlled by a programmable logic controller (PLC) has been fabricated with the operating mechanism is based on the detection of two different colors. The objectives of this research are to obtain a miniature machine is controlled by the PLC system, create a ladder diagram-based program structure, and measure the performance of the embedded system. Obtaining the machine is carried out through assembly of the conveyor frame, installation of all devices, and integrated wiring. The programming for the Omron PLC system is based on providing the CX-Programmer 64 bits, establishing algorithms and compiling ladder diagrams, and compiling and uploading processes. The performance measurement includes synchronization conditions between the simulator and the control system, observations of the readings of installed sensors for activating all devices on the output side, and observing the measurement of the filling process time and the installation of bottle caps assisted by the pneumatic system. The results of the performance during the process of filling and installing the lid obtained a success rate of 75%, based on four trials, three successes, and one failure. The general conclusion is that the embedded system that has been built can be used as a simulator for the mechanism of filling liquid into bottles and installing bottle caps, and it is as an implementation of instrumentation and automation processes.
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Wu, Yiwei, Bao Liang Wang, Shiqing Wan, and Limei Luo. "Programmable Controller Based Piercing Machine System Design." Bulletin of Science and Practice, no. 6 (June 15, 2023): 363–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.33619/2414-2948/91/43.

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The former mainly consists of solenoid valve actuators, sensors, programmable controllers, etc. The core of the hardware design is PLC and related wiring design; the latter is mainly through Protherm V14 to complete the programming, based on the overall architecture of the system to complete the ladder design of subroutines, program flow analysis is the software design is the focus of the final successful design of the electrical control system of the piercing machine. After system debugging and testing, the system has successfully achieved the expected goal and can meet the user's control requirements with simple and clear control logic, which can meet the mechanical piercing process requirements.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "PLC ladder of the machine logic"

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Podolan, Luděk. "Jednoúčelový stroj zajišťující lisování kanystrových nálevek." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-221101.

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The aim of this diploma thesis is detail description of theory, design process and final realization of single-purpose machine for pressing canister funnels. Theoretical section of this work covers manufacturing standards of the electrical cabinets, options for the single-purpose machine control with focus on the programmable logic controller e.g. PLC, PLC control program concept with definition of the main alarm states and description of two types of electrical cabinet. Practical part contains description of the electrical cabinet, its block diagram, photo documentation of the wiring (chapter 4.), chosen PLC type, its advantages and detail program description using Ladder diagram notation, communication with operator realized with touch LCD panel, programming environment for this LCD panel and program realization process. Finalized machine description and its photo documentation in manufacturing process is covered in the end. This diploma thesis is based and extends previously successfully defended semester project.
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Cheng, Yuan-Teng. "Algorithm and intelligent tutoring system design for ladder logic programming." Thesis, [College Station, Tex. : Texas A&M University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1449.

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Gad, Soumyashree Shrikant Gad. "Semantic Analysis of Ladder Logic." The Ohio State University, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1502740043946349.

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Mohan, Ashwin. "A fuzzy controller developed in RSLogix 5000 using ladder logic and function blocks implemented on a Control Logix PLC /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2004. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p1420941.

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Sandberg, Natalia. "Automatic Generation of PLC Code Based on Net Condition Event Systems." Scholar Commons, 2008. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/3771.

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An important consideration in discrete event dynamic systems control theory is the selection of a suitable modeling formalism that can capture the complex characteristics of the system and the capability to automatically synthesize a controller based on the system model. Net condition event systems are well suited for modeling complex discrete event dynamic systems owing to their input and output structure, which effectively captures the behavior of the physical devices to be monitored and/or controlled. To date, net condition event systems control models have not been extensively applied to highly automated manufacturing systems and there are few guidelines on how to automatically generate Programmable Logic Controller programming languages from net condition event systems models. This research automatically converted net condition event systems control models into Programmable Logic Controller programming language and evaluated the applicability of the proposed methodology in highly automated manufacturing systems using HAS-200 as a test bed.
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Tarasso, Markus, and Daniele Usai. "Utveckling av kontrollrumsstyrning : För DC-generator genom PLC och HMI." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Akademin för textil, teknik och ekonomi, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-22104.

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Projektet går ut på att ersätta den befintliga styrningen av en DC-generator för 1200 kV med en fjärrstyrning från kontrollrummet via optolänk. Den nya styrningen ska utgöras av ett PLC-system (Programmable Logic Controller) som manövreras med hjälp av ett HMI – Human Machine Interface. Bakgrunden till projektet härrör från att den befintliga styrutrustningen är opålitlig samt styrs i en farlig miljö. Rapporten går igenom hur befintlig styrutrustning fungerar samt dess ingående komponenter, hur ett PLC-system fungerar med dess bakgrund och olika programmeringsspråk. Även programmeringen och byggnationen av det nya systemet avhandlas. I slutet av rapporten ges en genomgång av de provkörningar som utförts för att säkerställa att alla funktioner fungerar som tänkt. Resultat av provkörningarna ges och diskussion förs kring projektet. Projektet är utfört åt högspänningsgruppen på RISE i Borås som använder generatorn bland annat vid kalibrering av spänningsdelare. Det nya styrsystemet innefattar alla av den tidigare styrutrustningens funktioner och några nya funktioner så som överströms- och överspänningsskydd vilka slår från spänningsmatningen om dessa begränsningar överskrids. Att styrutrustningen nu är placerad i kontrollrumsmiljö gör att operatören kan hantera utrustningen utan att vara i närheten av farlig spänning.<br>The report aims to replace the current control equipment for a DC-generator for 1200 kV by remote control from control room through optical fibre link. The new control will be a PLC system controlled by a HMI – Human Machine Interface. The background to the project is that the existing control equipment is unreliable and controlled in a dangerous environment. The report shows how the current control equipment works and its constituent components, how a PLC-system works with its background and different programming languages. This report will also describe how the programming and building of the hardware are done. In the end of this report are going through a test run to confirm that the system is working properly. Result of the test run are given and some discussion. The project is initiated by the high voltage group at RISE in Borås, who are using the DC-generator for instance while calibrating voltage dividers. The new control system contains all of the functions from the earlier control system but also some new functions such as overcurrent and overvoltage protection who turns off power supply if the limits are exceeded. The control system is now located in the control room so that the operator can use the system without being close to high voltage.
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Jowkar, Saeid. "The Application of Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) to Control Temperature in Cold-room Based on TIA PORTAL Software." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2020.

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A temperature sensor is a device to measure the temperature through an electrical signal. It requires a thermocouple or resistance temperature detectors (RTD) and will interface with a programmable logic controller (PLC). A temperature transmitter is a device that connects to a temperature sensor to transmit the signal elsewhere for monitoring and control purposes that its role is to convert the temperature sensor's signal to a 0-10V DC voltage in the PLC. The PLC voltage signal setting is compared to the temperature deviation after the Proportional Integral Derivative (PID) operation. Then, the system will issue a temperature control signal to achieve the cooling system voltage control so that it implements continuous monitoring and temperature control. The temperature control system in the industrial field has a certain value that it is an important factor for controlling temperature. A certain value of the temperature of the desired environment has to be set with a minimum and maximum set-point temperature which is suitable for that environment and the set-point value can be variable and can be changed with Human Machine Interface (HMI) easily.
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Nilsson, Jonatan. "Planering och utvecklande av testplattform för tryckpulsation." Thesis, Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för ingenjörsvetenskap, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-17136.

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Autotube är ett företag baserat i Varberg som utvecklar och producerar luft- och vätskelösningar främst inom bilindustrin. På senare tid har biltillverkarna skiftat till högre bränsletryck i bensindrivna förbränningsmotorer vilket har lett till att företagets produktutvecklingsavdelning saknar testutrustning för att utveckla nya produkter vilket i sin tur har lett till att företaget köpt tjänsten från extern leverantör. Kostnaderna och den bristande insynen i trycktester hos extern leverantör har lett Autotube att investera i ny utrustning och bedriva framtida tester i företagets lokaler. Ambitionen är att testanläggningen ska kunna genomföra tryckpulser och sprängprover både för produktutveckling och stickprov. Det övergripande syftet med examensarbetet är att programmera PLC logiken, designa HMI-panelen och skapa en elektriskt överförbar rapport efter genomfört testutförande. Under projektets progression visade studier och företagets empiriska kunskaper att resultatet från testanläggningen karakteriseras av tre nyckelparametrar; funktionsduglighet, realtidsövervakning och datahantering. Varje kategori har givetvis flera underkategorier som adderar värde till nyckelparametrarna. För funktionsduglighet krävs pålitlig hårdvara som klarar av att vara driftsatt under lång tid utan avbrott. Dock om ett avbrott från yttre faktorer skulle inträffa behöver testanläggningen programmeras för att spara data och undvika att testresultaten raderas. För att undvika irritation och handhavandefel bör användargränssnittet vara utformad efter målgruppens behov och mängden information bör begränsas. God realtidsövervakning ställer krav på lättåtkomlig information både vid testanläggningen och på distans vilket ökar möjligheten att läsa av testutförandes värden oberoende av vart användaren befinner sig. För att minska användarens arbetsbelastning bör varningssignaler som indikerar när testanläggningen inte utför önskvärt arbete användas. Datahantering bör ske automatiserat för att tillse att rätt data lagras och att den mänskliga faktorn kringgås. Flertalet rapporter under testutförandets förlopp är fördelaktigt för jämförelse av testutförandets olika skeden vilket ökar insikten om vad som skett när och möjliggör en djupare analys av testutförandet. Det genomförda arbetet har analyserat olika alternativ och använt litteratur relevant till nyckelparametrarna tillsammans med kontinuerlig återkoppling från företagets tekniker för att skapa mjukvaran till testanläggningen. Resultatet är en pålitlig anläggning med skräddarsydd realtidsövervakning och automatisk datahantering.<br>Autotube is a company based in Varberg that develops and produces air- and fluid solutions primarily to the automotive industry. Recently the automotive manufacturers have increased the fuel injection pressure in petrol engines which has led to the absence of proper test equipment which limits the company’s product development department as pressure test has to be bought by a third-party company. The costs and lack of insight in the pressure tests that is associated with purchasing the service from a third part company has led Autotube to invest in new equipment that will allow the company to do future tests in-house. The ambition is to perform pressure pulsation tests and burst tests for both product development and production samples. The general purpose of the thesis is to program the PLC logic, design the HMI-panel and to create and electrically transferrable report after test completion. During the progression of the project studies and the company’s empirical knowledge showed that the result from a test facility is characterized primarily by three key parameters; functionality, real time monitoring and data management. Each category includes several subcategories that adds value to each key parameter. Functionality requires reliable hardware that can stay commissioned for extended periods of times without Interruption. However, if interruptions do occur it is important that the data from the ongoing test is saved so that data is not lost. To avoid irritation and mishandling it’s important to design the user interface according to the needs of the users and to avoid excessive information that is not vital for the result. A proper real time monitoring solution requires that information is easily available both at the location of the test facility and at distance in order to enable to user to act no matter where the user is located. Warning signals that indicate when the test facility does not perform as expected should be used in order to reduce the workload. Data management should be automatic in order to store the correct data and prevent errors caused by the human factor. Several reports should be used during the test as it allows the user to compare the data in the different test stages which improves the insight and analysis capability of the performed test. The performed work has analysed different alternatives and used literature relevant to the key parameters combined with continuous feedback from the company’s technicians in order to create the software for the test facility. The result is a reliable facility with tailored real time monitoring and automatic data management.
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Adams, Azeez Olawale. "Control of reconfigurable assembly system." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/5368.

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Thesis (MScEng (Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering))--University of Stellenbosch, 2010.<br>ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This work considers the control of reconfigurable assembly systems using a welding assembly system as a case study. The assembly system consists of a pallet magazine, a feeding system, an inspection and removal system, a welding system and a conveyor. The aim of the work is to compare PC and PLC as controllers, as well as to compare two different approaches to reconfigurable control. The control system of the pallet magazine was developed using a PC and a PLC. The PC control was programmed using Visual C#, while the PLC was programmed in Ladder Logic using Siemens S-300 STEP7. The two controllers were compared based on the attributes that measure the quality of a controller's software, which include its capability, availability, usability and adaptability. The approaches to reconfigurable control considered were the agent-based methodology and the IEC 61499 distributed control methodology, both of which were applied to the feeding system. The agent-based control system was implemented using the JADE agent platform, while the IEC 61499 distributed control system was implemented using the FBDK software kit. These two methods were compared based on the characteristics of a reconfigurable system, which include the system's modularity, integrability, convertibility, diagnosability, customization and scalability. The result obtained in comparing the PC to the PLC shows that the PLC performs better in terms of capability, availability and usability, while the PC performs better in terms of adaptability. Also, the result of the comparison between the agent-based control system and the IEC 61499 distributed control system shows that the agent-based control system performs better in terms of integrability, diagnosability and scalability, while the IEC 61499 distributed control system performs better in terms of modularity and customization. They are, however, on a par in terms of convertibility.<br>AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie werk beskou die beheer van herkonfigureerbare monteringstelsels met 'n sweismonteringstelsel as gevallestudie. Die monteringstelsel bestaan uit 'n paletmagasyn, 'n voerstelsel, 'n inspeksie-en- verwyderingstelsel, 'n sweisstelsel en 'n voerband. Die mikpunt van die werk is om persoonlike rekenaars (PCs) en programmeerbare-logikabeheerders (PLCs) as beheerders te vergelyk, asook om twee verskillende benaderings tot herkonfigureerbare beheer te vergelyk. Die beheerstelsel van die paletmagasyn is ontwikkel met 'n PC en 'n PLC. Die PC-beheer is in Visual C# geprogrammeer, terwyl die PLC in leerlogika met Siemens S-300 STEP7 geprogrammeer is. Die twee beheerders is vergelyk in terme van die eienskappe wat die kwaliteit van 'n beheerder se sagteware meet en sluit in vermoë, beskikbaarheid, bruikbaarheid en aanpasbaarheid. Die benaderings tot herkonfigureerbare beheer wat oorweeg is, is die agent-gebaseerde metodologie en die IEC 61499 verspreide-beheermetodologie. Beide is op die voerstelsel toegepas. Die agent-gebaseerde beheerstelsel is geïmplementeer met behulp van die JADE agent-platform, terwyl die IEC 61499 verspreide stelsel geïmplementeer is met behulp van die FBDK sagteware-stel. Hierdie twee metodes se vergelyking is gebaseer op die eienskappe van 'n herkonfigureerbare stelsel, waarby die stelsel se modulariteit, integreerbaarheid, diagnoseerbaarheid, pasmaakbaarheid en skaleerbaarheid ingesluit is. Die resultate wat in die vergelyking tussen die PC en PLC verkry is, toon dat die PLC beter vaar in terme van vermoë, beskikbaarheid en bruikbaarheid, terwyl die PC beter vaar in terme van aanpasbaarheid. Die resultaat van die vergelyking tussen die agent-gebaseerde beheerstelsel en die IEC 61499 verspreide beheerstelsel wys dat die agent-gebaseerde beheerstelsel beter vaar in terme van integreerbaarheid, diagnoseerbaarheid en skaleerbaarheid, terwyl die IEC 61499 verspreide beheerstelsel beter vaar in terme van modulariteit en pasmaakbaarheid. Hulle is egter vergelykbaar in terme van omskepbaarheid.
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Almeida, Suzana Ribas de. "Implementação de controle supervisório em CLPs usando linguagem de alto nível." Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, 2012. http://tede.udesc.br/handle/handle/1855.

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Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-12T17:38:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 SUZANA RIBAS DE ALMEIDA.pdf: 2655112 bytes, checksum: 346dca905796b24136deb70b7263fb5b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-02-15<br>Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior<br>Nowadays the competition between companies is increasing. In a production system, efficiency, speed and flexibility are important means for cost reductions. The complexity of automation systems has been increasing, which makes necessary the implementation of more efficient control programs, free of errors and easy to maintain. However, in most practical applications the solution of these problems is dependent on designer's experience and doesn t follow a formal methodology, which results in programs with errors and difficulties to understand and maintain, since only the designer understands the adopted solutions. The Supervisory Control Theory (SCT) is a method extensively researched in academic circles for the synthesis of control logic of automated systems. It allows control problems to be solved in a formal way, ensuring a minimally restrictive and no blocking solution that meets the control specifications. However, this theory is not widely used in industrial environments yet, once the methods for implementation of supervisors obtained by TCS are still deficient. Thus, the intention of this Dissertation consists of showing a methodology for implementation of supervisory control in Programmable Logic Controllers (PLCs). In this work, the synthesis of supervisors is made in accordance to local modular approach, which brings the benefits of a formal methodology and allows exploring the modularity of the plant and the control specifications. The implementation is based on an architecture structured in three levels: supervisor, interface and system to be controlled. For the implementation in CLP three different programming languages are applied: the high-level languages Sequential Function Charts (SFC) and Structured Text and the low-level Ladder Diagram language in some parts. The development of the methodology was based on two works: a doctoral thesis by Vieira (2007) and master thesis by Cruz (2011) and brought together the advantages presented in each one of these. To compare the proposed methodology and the two mentioned methods, several tests were made on a manufacturing cell available at PUCPR and simulations on a PLC and computer as well. The results show that the use of the methodology proposed in this work makes possible to implement PLC programs that are able to treat all non-controllable events occurred in the system to be controlled and treat one controllable event by each control cell in the same scan cycle. Furthermore, the use of high-level languages results in a program of easier interpretation and maintenance, also enabling reutilization of codes. In this work some problems related to CLPs implementations are also showed and proposals for solving them are presented, as properties as well that, if accepted, ensure that the problem does not occur.<br>Hoje em dia a competitividade entre as empresas está cada vez maior. Em um sistema de produção, a eficácia, a velocidade e a flexibilidade são importantes, pois significam redução de custos. Os sistemas de automação atuais estão cada vez mais complexos, justificando a necessidade de programas de controle mais eficientes, sem erros e de fácil manutenção. Entretanto, na maioria das aplicações práticas a solução destes problemas é feita com base na experiência do projetista, não seguindo uma metodologia formal, o que resulta em programas com erros e de difícil entendimento e manutenção, uma vez que só o projetista entende perfeitamente as soluções adotadas. A Teoria de Controle Supervisório (TCS) é um método para a síntese da lógica de controle de sistemas automatizados. Ela permite que problemas de controle sejam solucionados de modo formal, garantindo uma solução minimamente restritiva e não bloqueante e que atenda às especificações de controle. Entretanto, esta teoria ainda não é amplamente adotada em ambientes industriais, sendo a carência de métodos de implementação dos supervisores obtidos via TCS um elemento que contribui para que isso aconteça. Assim, esta dissertação se propõe a apresentar uma metodologia de implementação de controle supervisório em Controladores Lógicos Programáveis (CLPs). Neste trabalho, a síntese de supervisores é feita de acordo com a abordagem modular local, que traz os benefícios de uma metodologia formal e ainda permite explorar a modularidade da planta e das especificações de controle. A implementação é baseada numa arquitetura estruturada em três níveis: supervisor, interface e sistema a ser controlado. Para a implementação em CLP são empregadas três linguagens distintas de programação, as linguagens de alto nível Sequential Function Charts (SFC) e Structured Text, bem como a linguagem Ladder Diagram em algumas partes. O desenvolvimento da metodologia foi baseado em dois trabalhos: a tese de doutorado de Vieira (2007) e a dissertação de mestrado de Cruz (2011) e permitiu reunir as vantagens apresentadas em cada um destes. Para comparação entre a metodologia proposta e as duas metodologias citadas, foram feitos diversos testes em uma célula de manufatura existente na PUCPR, bem como simulações em CLP e em computador. Os resultados mostram que a metodologia proposta neste trabalho permite a implementação de programas em CLP que, num mesmo ciclo de varredura, são capazes de tratar todos os eventos não controláveis ocorridos na planta e ainda um evento controlável por célula de controle. Além disso, o uso de linguagens de alto nível resulta em um programa de mais fácil interpretação e manutenção, possibilitando ainda o reaproveitamento de códigos. Nesta dissertação também são abordados alguns problemas de implementação da estrutura de controle supervisório em CLPs, apresentando-se propostas para solucioná-los, bem como propriedades que, se atendidas, garantem que o problema não ocorra.
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Books on the topic "PLC ladder of the machine logic"

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Cirrito, Rosario. PLC Logics and HMI Screens for Machine Sequencers Automation: A Pratical Approach to Twin and Parallel Sequencers Using IEC 61131 - 3 Ladder Logic. Independently Published, 2018.

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Engwer, Tracy. Ladder Logic Basics : Ladder Logic Tutorial with Ladder Logic Symbols and Diagrams: Basic Plc Programming. Independently Published, 2021.

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Henriques, Carmelo. Ladder Logic : Tutorial of PLC Ladder Logic Programming and How to Troubleshoot: Ladder Logic Programming Basics. Independently Published, 2021.

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Freimuth, J. Eric. PLC Fundamentals and Logic Ladder Understanding and Troubleshooting. Independent Publisher, 2022.

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Basic Concepts of Ladder Logic Programming. Basic Plc Programming: A Practical Guide to Ladder Logic. Independently Published, 2020.

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Anderson, Gary D. PLC Programming Using RSLogix 500: Ladder Logic Diagnostics & Troubleshooting! CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform, 2015.

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Gullatte, Lena. Program Flow Instructions 101 : a Practical Resource for Those New to PLC and Ladder Logic Programming: Ladder Logic Guide. Independently Published, 2021.

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Anderson, Gary D. PLC Programming using RSLogix 500: Basic Concepts of Ladder Logic Programming! CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform, 2015.

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platform, Logic studio ladder. Plc Programming: PLC Programming Kit ,plc Training Using Information Technology , Ladder Logic Concepts Step by Step, Industrial Automatisation. Independently Published, 2020.

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Mcanany, Kindra. Program Flow in PLC Programming : Developing Your Knowledge of PLC Ladder Logic Programming: Program Flow Instructions Book. Independently Published, 2021.

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Book chapters on the topic "PLC ladder of the machine logic"

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Barrett, Steven F. "Arduino PLC IDE and Ladder Logic." In Synthesis Lectures on Digital Circuits & Systems. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-68609-2_3.

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Barrett, Steven F. "Arduino PLC IDE and Ladder Logic." In Synthesis Lectures on Digital Circuits & Systems. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-85944-1_5.

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Rauf, S. Bobby. "Electrical Drawings and PLC Relay Ladder Logic Program." In Electrical Engineering Fundamentals. CRC Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429355233-10.

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Rauf, S. Bobby. "Electrical Drawings and PLC Relay Ladder Logic Program." In Electrical Engineering for Non-Electrical Engineers, 3rd ed. River Publishers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003207276-10.

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Rohner, Peter. "Sequential PLC Machine Control Design." In PLC Automation with Programmable Logic Controllers. Macmillan Education UK, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-14267-5_8.

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Varnita Verma, Roushan Kumar, and Vivek Kaundal. "Implementation of Ladder Logic for Control of Pipeline Inspection Robot Using PLC." In Proceeding of International Conference on Intelligent Communication, Control and Devices. Springer Singapore, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-1708-7_113.

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Gupta, Gautam, Rajanpreet Singh, and Anant Kumar Singh. "Automatic Machine for Round Welding Using Programmable Logic Controller (PLC)." In Intelligent Manufacturing and Energy Sustainability. Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-6482-3_41.

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Kumar, Aditya, Prashant Kumar, Sompurna Modi, and Vijay Nath. "Study and Implementation of Ladder Logic Conversion to VHDL for Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA)-Based Programmable Logic Controllers (PLC)." In Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering. Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-5546-6_3.

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Kamen, Edward W. "Ladder logic diagrams and PLC implementations." In Industrial Controls and Manufacturing. Elsevier, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-012394850-2/50008-4.

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Ridley, J. E. "Using MEDOC to produce the PLC ladder diagram - FLASH1." In Introduction to Programmable Logic Controllers. Elsevier, 1997. https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-340-67666-0.50008-0.

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Conference papers on the topic "PLC ladder of the machine logic"

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Iacobelli, Antonio, Lorenzo Rinieri, Andrea Melis, Amir Al Sadi, Marco Prandini, and Franco Callegati. "Detection of Ladder Logic Bombs in PLC Control Programs: an Architecture based on Formal Verification." In 2024 IEEE 7th International Conference on Industrial Cyber-Physical Systems (ICPS). IEEE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icps59941.2024.10639995.

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FerenciK, Norbert, Jan Jadlovsky, Michal KopciK, and Iveta Zolotova. "PI control of laboratory model elevator via ladder logic in PLC." In 2017 IEEE 15th International Symposium on Applied Machine Intelligence and Informatics (SAMI). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/sami.2017.7880338.

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DeGuglielmo, Nicolas P., Saurav M. S. Basnet, and Douglas E. Dow. "Introduce Ladder Logic and Programmable Logic Controller (PLC)." In 2020 Annual Conference Northeast Section (ASEE-NE). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/aseene51624.2020.9292646.

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Deepthi, K. Sudha, and Rammohan B. "Aeroservoelasticity’s Digital Simulation Using PLC." In ASME 2024 Aerospace Structures, Structural Dynamics, and Materials Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ssdm2024-121552.

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Abstract The objective of the “Digital Twin for “Aeroservoelasticity” is to generate an intricate virtual model of aeroelastic systems that closely resembles their real attributes and behaviors. Ladder logic programming on a programmable logic controller (PLC) is a powerful tool for handling such changes. Consistent with the principles of Industry 4.0, this study creates a ladder logic to explain the digital twin idea inside the aeroservoelastic model. Ladder logic programming and the digital twin idea enable the monitoring, optimization, and predictive maintenance of aerospace systems. which enables more accurate and timely results. This method works especially well in aeroservoelastic situations when there is a complicated interaction between forces and reactions and quick and precise decision-making is needed. Additionally, ladder logic programming’s adaptability meets Industry 4.0 requirements. In order to address aeroservoelasticity this research work presents a novel methodology and the creative integration of ladder logic programming within the digital twin concept. Additionally, it focuses on enhancing the capabilities of the digital twin by incorporating ladder logic programming, a type of Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) programming. Industry 4.0, Building a complex virtual model that accurately captures the dynamic interactions between structural elasticity, aerodynamic forces, and aircraft control systems is required for its application in aeroelasticity.
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Leucht, Kurt W., and Glenn S. Semmel. "Automated Translation of Safety Critical Application Software Specifications into PLC Ladder Logic." In 2008 IEEE Aerospace Conference. IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/aero.2008.4526587.

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Kumar, Lov, Raoul Jetley, and Ashish Sureka. "Source code metrics for programmable logic controller (PLC) ladder diagram (LD) visual programming language." In the 7th International Workshop. ACM Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2897695.2897699.

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Lai, Enoch, and Jianfeng Ma. "Intelligent Uncertainty Handling Using Artificial Neural Networks in a Programmatic Logic Controller-Based Automation System." In ASME 2023 18th International Manufacturing Science and Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/msec2023-101825.

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Abstract The manufacturing industry is relying more and more on artificial intelligence (AI). Despite this, Programmable Logic Controllers (PLCs), one of the most common industrial tools, still lack AI integration. This means that PLCs are still very rigid and struggle with handling uncertainties. Uncertainties are input data that the controller has not been programmed to address. Uncertainties can be caused by variation in sensor data or other factors. Because PLCs struggle to handle uncertainties, this makes them very tedious to program. Implementing AI into the PLC may eliminate this problem. This study answers the question of whether AI can be implemented into a PLC (Allen-Bradley). To do this, a Levenberg-Marquardt backpropagation artificial neural network (ANN) was trained in MATLAB to approximate a mathematical function. A representation of the ANN was then constructed using the PLC ladder logic diagram by implementing the weight and bias values obtained from the trained ANN. The PLC-implemented ANN’s results were validated by comparing its output values to those of MATLAB trained ANN. Negligible differences between the outputs indicate that implementing an ANN framework into the PLC ladder logic code is viable. The ability to implement an ANN into the PLC code may help PLCs handle uncertainties better. This implementation may help the PLC become more versatile for more jobs and may also make it easier to program. Future studies should test out this method of implementation and apply it in real world applications.
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Khan, M. M., O. M. A. Shawareb, R. Palaniappan, et al. "Simulation of PLC ladder logic programming for an automated glass bottle molding and refilling plant." In 4th Smart Cities Symposium (SCS 2021). Institution of Engineering and Technology, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/icp.2022.0324.

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Pratama, H., M. N. A. Azman, N. A. Zakaria, and M. Khairudin. "Development of programmable logic controller teaching aids on electrical motor installation course among vocational school students in Aceh, Indonesia." In Challenges of Science. Institute of Metallurgy and Ore Beneficiation, Satbayev University, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31643/2021.19.

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Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) is a competency that must be mastered by third-level vocational school students in an electrical motor installation course. PLCs can be operated using programming languages such as sequence function charts, block diagrams, instruction lists, ladder diagrams, and others. This competency is important because it is often used in the industrial world. To create better and more effective conditions in the teaching and learning process, the development of teaching aids is needed to improve and enhance students' skills. This research, to design and development a useful teaching and learning tool teaching medium to help teachers teach concepts PLC-based electrical control systems, both theoretically and practically. The ADDIE model was used in developing the aids. The verification stage is carried out to ensure that the teaching aids that have been developed are suitable for use. In addition, this kit is relatively small with dimensions of 45x34x20 mm and is easy to move and can be used in various places. Confirmation involves lecturers and teachers who teach the field of electrical engineering. The results of the study found that the respondents strongly agreed that the PLC teaching aids was suitable for use in the learning process. Respondents also stated that using the tool because did not waste time and was easy to use. However, it is suggested that further research be conducted to identify the effectiveness of this teaching aid on students.
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Jaswal, Anshul, Ma'moun Abu-Ayyad, Yash Lad, and Anilchandra Attaluri. "Controlling the Position of a Stepper Motor Using Conventional Control Approach Embedded in a PLC." In ASME 2024 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1115/imece2024-146791.

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Abstract In this paper, a non-conventional control strategy is integrated with a Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) for the precise position control of an integrated Stepper Motor (SM). Special function modules were used to generate the pulses and to read the encoder signal from the motor. IEC 61131-3 programming code was incorporated in the form of ladder logic diagram, function blocks, and structured text. This research focuses on the control of position and speed of the motor, leveraging the capabilities of control strategies embedded within a PLC. Proportional Integral Derivative (PID) which is one of the traditional control strategies used in industrial automation processes is implemented within PLC next engineer. This research integrates control strategy into PLC platforms to achieve superior control accuracy. The study uses a combination of simulation, experimentation, and real-world application to validate the proposed approach’s effectiveness. The inbuilt PID block within PLC was implemented and later the PD model developed and compiled in Simulink was integrated with PLC. The study shows that importance of sampling time and micro stepping in achieving precise positioning. The findings demonstrate that there was successful integration of Simulink with PLC for implementing control strategies. Detailed analyses of motor position and speed under varying conditions highlight the system’s adaptability and responsiveness. PD (Proportional Derivative) showed effective results in controlling the position by minimizing the overshoot. This research concludes that the integration of Simulink with PLCs offers a robust solution for achieving precise and dynamic control over motor position.
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