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Journal articles on the topic 'Pleaded guilty'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 8 February 2022

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1

Gibbs, Joseph. "The brevity and severity of ‘Golden Age’ piracy trials." International Journal of Maritime History 31, no. 4 (2019): 729–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0843871419873999.

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A sampling of piracy and piracy-related trials involving mainly English (later British) and colonial courts between 1670 and 1731 shows that from opening statements through deliberations they were rapid affairs, few extending beyond a single calendar date, and that on average they appear to have convicted about six of every 10 defendants who pleaded Not Guilty. That conviction figure is impacted by high-volume trials in 1700 and 1722 that acquitted relatively large numbers of defendants; eliminating these two trials from the mix yields a significantly higher conviction rate (about seven in 10) for those who pleaded Not Guilty. This article presents its sampling data, noting appropriate cautions, in the context of the era’s legal proceedings and practices.

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2

Mohanty, K. "The first case of criminalization of transmission of hepatitis B in the UK: defendant sentenced to two years’ imprisonment on the grounds of hepatitis B deoxyribonucleic acid sequencing." International Journal of STD & AIDS 20, no. 8 (2009): 587–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/ijsa.2008.008483.

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A 29-year-old Turkish man Ercan Yasar, who worked as a restaurant worker in Cheltenham, infected a Cheltenham woman 27 years of age with hepatitis B and chlamydia between 14 and 17 September 2007. He was charged with biological grievous bodily harm, which carries a maximum of five years’ imprisonment if found guilty following a trial. The defendant, Ercan Yasar, pleaded guilty to the charge and was given appropriate credit for entering an early guilty plea and was sentenced to two years’ imprisonment before the Gloucester Crown Court on 14 November 2008.

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3

Iontcheva, Jenia. "List of Current Proceedings: Update." Leiden Journal of International Law 13, no. 3 (2000): 603–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0922156500000388.

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Following the transfer of Dragan Nikolić to the ICTY on 22 April 2000, at his initial appearance, the accused pleaded “not guilty” to all charges raised against him in the amended indictment, dated 21 March 2000.

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4

Pigott, Sarah. "List of Current Proceedings: Update." Leiden Journal of International Law 13, no. 2 (2000): 353–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0922156500000261.

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Following the detention of Dragoljub Prcač by SFOR on 5 March 2000, the accused pleaded “not guilty” to all counts charged against him in the amended indictment, dated 8 March 2000, at his initial appearance hearing on 10 March 2000.

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5

Pigott, Sarah. "List of Current Proceedings: Update." Leiden Journal of International Law 13, no. 1 (2000): 91–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0922156500000078.

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Following the detention of Damir Došen by SFOR on 25 October 1999, Trial Chamber III (Judges May (Presiding), Bennouna and Robinson) scheduled an initial appearance hearing to take place on 1 November 1999. However, the accused was unable to attend the hearing. The initial appearance hearing was subsequently held on 8 November 1999, during which the accused pleaded ‘not guilty’ to all counts charged against him in the amended indictment, as confirmed on 30 August 1999.

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6

Zottoli, Tina M., Tarika Daftary-Kapur, Georgia M. Winters, and Conor Hogan. "Plea discounts, time pressures, and false-guilty pleas in youth and adults who pleaded guilty to felonies in New York City." Psychology, Public Policy, and Law 22, no. 3 (2016): 250–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/law0000095.

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7

Afanasiev, Pavel Borisovich. "SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS OF PERPETRATORS PLEADED GUILTY IN INTENTIONAL INFLICTION OF GRIEVOUS BODILY HARM." Bulletin of the Moscow State Regional University (Law), no. 3 (2016): 29–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.18384/2310-6794-2016-3-29-39.

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8

Green, L. C. "Case Analysis: Dražen Erdemović: The International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia in Action." Leiden Journal of International Law 10, no. 2 (1997): 363–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0922156597000289.

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The first person to be sentenced by the United Nations ad hoc International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (Tribunal) was Dražen Erdemović, a member of the Bosnian Serb Army who had pleaded guilty to one count of a crime against humanity – murder – and another of violations of the laws and customs of war – murder. Erdemović was a soldier in the 10th Sabotage Detachment of the Bosnian Serb army and the charges against him arose in connection with the slaughter of Bosnian Muslim civilians in the United Nations ‘safe areas’ of Srebrenica and Potocari.

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9

Carlson, Christopher, and Frank J. Nidey. "Mandatory Penalties, Victim Cooperation, and the Judicial Processing of Domestic Abuse Assault Cases." Crime & Delinquency 41, no. 1 (1995): 132–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0011128795041001007.

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In 1991, the state of Iowa instituted a mandatory 2-day jail sentence and mandatory participation in a batterers' education program for conviction of misdemeanor domestic abuse assault. This article examines the impact of mandatory penalties on case processing, convictions, and sentences in one Iowa county. This examination shows that, although those convicted of domestic abuse assault did receive greater penalties, conviction rates declined considerably. Furthermore, cases became more complex and time-consuming. Mandatory penalties produced these results by reducing the percentage of defendants who pleaded guilty and increasing the importance of the cooperation of the victim for obtaining convictions.

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10

Czeszejko-Sochacka, Katarzyna. "Sprawa Dražena Erdemovića jako przykład odpowiedzialności za wykonanie bezprawnego rozkazu na gruncie przepisów międzynarodowego prawa karnego." Opolskie Studia Administracyjno-Prawne 16, no. 2 (2019): 9–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.25167/osap.1173.

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The article considers the problem of responsibility for executing an unlawful order, according to the regulations of the international criminal law, using the example of Dražen Erdemović, a soldier of the 10th Sabotage Detachment of the Bosnian Serb Army, who was accused of crimes against humanity, including his participation in the massacre of the unarmed Muslims from Srebrenica on 16th July 1995. His case deserves scrutiny as he pleaded guilty and thus adopted a certain line of defense strategy at the International Tribunal Court for the former Yugoslavia. The accused was aware of having violated the rules of the international criminal law and the charges filed against him accordingly, but – at the same time – he stated that if he had not executed the order, he would have been killed.

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11

Marquis, Greg. "Canada’s First Celebrity Drug Trial: R v. Hatfield, 1985." Journal of Canadian Studies 55, no. 2 (2021): 337–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/jcs-2020-0003.

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Since the 1960s, celebrity drug trials have usually involved actors or musicians. The first drug prosecution of a Canadian “celebrity” took place in 1985 after the Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP) found a small amount of marijuana in the luggage of New Brunswick Premier Richard Hatfield at the airport in Fredericton. He was charged with simple possession and, aided by a team of lawyers, pleaded not guilty. Although Hatfield was the most successful premier in the province’s history, he was facing challenges over the economy and language policy, and a finding of guilt would have devastated both his political career and the fortunes of his party. This article examines the Hatfield drug prosecution, which was followed by revelations of drug use with university students in 1981, as a chapter in Canadian legal and political history. It involved not only a privileged defendant, but also the independence of judges, the role of the RCMP, the relationship between the courts and the media, federal-provincial relations and an internal RCMP probe. Hatfield, the political celebrity, won his 1985 court battle but, with his lifestyle impugned, lost in the court of public opinion. In 1987, his party was crushed by the landslide victory of Frank McKenna’s Liberals.

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12

Ruback, R. Barry, Gretchen R. Ruth, and Jennifer N. Shaffer. "Assessing the Impact of Statutory Change: A Statewide Multilevel Analysis of Restitution Orders in Pennsylvania." Crime & Delinquency 51, no. 3 (2005): 318–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0011128704269108.

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This research analyzed decisions in 170,260 restitution-eligible cases in Pennsylvania from 1990 to 1998 to infer the policies underlying the imposition of restitution when it was discretionary and to assess whether a 1995 statutory change making restitution mandatory changed those policies. Multilevel analyses of restitution decisions from the 1990-1994prestatutory change period suggested that judges considered restitution to be both a victim-focused sanction, in that restitution was ordered more for offenders who committed more serious crimes and for property offenders (whose crimes could be more easily quantified), and an offender-focused sanction, in that restitution was ordered more for offenders who pleaded guilty, offenders with no prior record, White offenders, and female offenders. The statutory change increased the proportion of restitution orders statewide from 1996 to 1998. Moreover, it appeared to meet the policy goal of greater focus on victims.

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13

Wang, Zhemin, Zhijun Lin, and Sophia Ju. "Healthsouth Corporation: The First Case Against A Company Under The Sarbanes-Oxley Act." Journal of Business Case Studies (JBCS) 5, no. 1 (2011): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.19030/jbcs.v5i1.4689.

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HealthSouth Corporation, one of the nations largest healthcare providers, was the first company charged under the provisions of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. HealthSouths CEO, Richard Scrushy, and 16 of its executives were indicted for allegedly using a sophisticated scheme to overstate the companys earnings by as much as $2.7 billion between 1986 and 2002. Fifteen of the sixteen indicted executives pleaded guilty and another was convicted by jurors. After five months of court hearing, Scrushy was acquitted of all criminal charges. However, he remains a defendant in 40 cases filed by former HealthSouth investors and creditors. This case is based on court materials and other publicly available information and has been used in several undergraduate and MBA courses. The case and the accompanying teaching notes have proven to be an effective tool in teaching students the Sarbanes-Oxley Act and in helping students become more ethically conscious.

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14

Murphy, Sean D. "Progress and Jurisprudence of the International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia." American Journal of International Law 93, no. 1 (1999): 57–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2997956.

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In May 1993, the United Nations Security Council established the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY). Over the past five years, the ICTY has shifted from an institution lacking a basic structure, staff and other resources—not to mention indictees in custody—to a fully functioning tribunal pursuing (as of December 1998) twenty-two public indictments against fifty-six indictees; twenty-eight indictees are in custody, awaiting trial or serving a sentence; five have been convicted; one has pleaded guilty; one has been acquitted; several trials are under way; and several more are in pretrial stages. Although its ultimate success is not yet guaranteed, the ICTY is coming of age as a credible forum for the international prosecution of war crimes within its jurisdiction. The following account describes the ICTY’s current status, analyzes its jurisprudence (as seen in its most significant decisions), and briefly assesses its place in the development of international humanitarian law.

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15

Sirotkina, Mariia. "LEGAL REGULATION THE MECHANISM OF CONCLUDING AGREEMENTS AS A MEANS OF REACHING A COMPROMISE IN THE CRIMINAL JUSTICE OF UKRAINE: HISTORICAL ASPECT." Scientific and informational bulletin of Ivano-Frankivsk University of Law named after King Danylo Halytskyi, no. 9(21) (September 30, 2020): 119–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.33098/2078-6670.2020.9.21.119-129.

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Purpose. The aim of the article is to study the genesis and development of legal regulation of the mechanism of concluding agreements as a means of reaching a compromise in the criminal justice of Ukraine. Methodology. The methodology involves a comprehensive study of historical and theoretical material on this issue, as well as the formulation of relevant conclusions and recommendations. The following methods of scientific cognition were used during the research: historical, historical-legal, terminological, formal-logical, system-functional. Results. In the course of the research it was established that the domestic experience of the development of the institution of agreements in criminal proceedings originates from Russka Pravda, which enshrined the rules of simplified proceedings, and the guilty plea directly affected the final decision. An important stage in the development of legal regulation of compromise procedures was the adoption in 1864 of the Statute of Criminal Justice. According to its provisions, if the accused pleaded guilty and his confession did not cause the judge to doubt, the judge could immediately proceed to sentencing in the case, without further investigation. In the pre-revolutionary and Soviet historical periods, the nature of criminal justice was particularly strongly influenced by the political regime. In 1918-1960 there was a significant slowdown in the development of compromise criminal procedure institutions. Scientific novelty. According to the results of the study, it is established that the institution of agreements in criminal proceedings continues its formation taking into account the historical preconditions of its development. Practical significance. The results of the research and historical experience of legal regulation can be used to improve the current legislation of Ukraine, which regulates the mechanism of concluding agreements in criminal proceedings.

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16

Emmerson, Rod. "The New Zealand mosque massacre: 1. The heartache, turmoil and absolute dread of Port Arthur." Pacific Journalism Review : Te Koakoa 25, no. 1&2 (2019): 13–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.24135/pjr.v25i1and2.495.

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Commentary: The Port Arthur massacre of 28-29 April 1996 was a mass shooting in which 35 people were killed and 23 wounded in Port Arthur, Tasmania, Australia. The gunman pleaded guilty and was given 35 life sentences without possibility of parole. Fundamental gun control laws within Australia followed. The Christchurch mosque massacre of 15 March 2019 involved two inner city mosques in the South Island city when 50 people were killed (another victim died six weeks later taking the death toll to 51) were killed. The accused gunman, a white supremacist, has been charged with 51 murder and 40 attempted murder counts, and also with terrorism. The author, a leading cartoonist, reflects on the parallels and contrasts between Australia and New Zealand and writes of the vitriol directed at him because of his satire: ‘My effigy was hung in a tree in Ipswich, and we lived daily with the threat of a drive-by attack on the family home. This sort of stuff rattles you to the core, but it also fills you with the adrenaline and conviction to barge on regardless. Such is the power of the pen and satire.’

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17

Mwambari, David. "Music and the politics of the past: Kizito Mihigo and music in the commemoration of the genocide against the Tutsi in Rwanda." Memory Studies 13, no. 6 (2019): 1321–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1750698018823233.

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After the 1994 genocide against the Tutsi in Rwanda, the post-genocide government spearheaded the creation of genocide commemorations. Over the past two decades, political elites and survivors’ organizations have gone to great lengths to institutionalize the memorialization, including creating laws to protect the memory of the genocide from denialism. Ordinary Rwandans have responded to the annual commemorations using creative means of support for and disagreement with the government’s interpretation of their shared violent past. Music has been used as citizen-driven tool to both spread and criticize genocide memorialization nationally and beyond. While scholars have explored the politicization of state-organized mechanisms such as memorials, citizen-driven creative means remain largely unexplored. Addressing this gap in Rwandan memory scholarship, I examine how Kizito Mihigo, a famous post-genocide musician, used his individual memory of surviving the genocide against the Tutsi through music to contribute and respond to the annual commemorations of the genocide. I argue that Mihigo’s story and commemoration songs were politicized from the start but were intensified when he used his music to go beyond promoting genocide commemorations to questioning the events and when he pleaded guilty to terrorism charges.

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18

Koh, Harold Hongju. "The Case Against Military Commissions." American Journal of International Law 96, no. 2 (2002): 337–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2693928.

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In January 2002, Zacarias Moussaoui, a French national of Moroccan descent, pleaded not guilty in Virginia federal court to six counts of conspiring to commit acts of international terrorism in connection with the September 11 attacks on the Pentagon and the World Trade Center. In other times, it would have seemed unremarkable for someone charged with conspiring to murder American citizens and destroy American property on American soil to be tried in a U.S. civilian court. More than two centuries ago, Article I, Section 8, Clause 10 of the United States Constitution granted Congress the power to "define and punish Piracies, Felonies committed on the High Seas, and Offenses against the Law of Nations," a power that Congress immediately exercised by criminalizing piracy, the eighteenth-century version of modern terrorism. Since then, Congress has criminalized numerous other international offenses. In recent decades, United States courts have decided criminal cases convicting international hijackers, terrorists, and drug smugglers, as well as a string of well-publicized civil lawsuits adjudicating gross human rights violations. Most pertinent, federal prosecutors have successfully tried and convicted in U.S. courts numerous members of Al Qaeda, the very terrorist group charged with planning the September 11 attacks, for earlier attacks on the World Trade Center and the U.S. embassies in Tanzania and Kenya.

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19

Hardy, Ann, and Alastair Gunn. "Information provision and restriction: The roles of the police, media and public in coverage of the Coral-Ellen Burrows murder inquiry." Pacific Journalism Review : Te Koakoa 13, no. 1 (2007): 161–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.24135/pjr.v13i1.891.

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Six-year-old Coral-Ellen Burrows disappeared in September 2003 after her stepfather, Stephen Williams, had apparently dropped her off at school, though in fact he had murdered her. After extensive searches, her body was found 10 days later. Williams pleaded guilty to murder and was duly sentenced. The intensive cross-media coverage of the search for Coral-Ellen—of the kind that Innes (1999) commenting on media and police interactions in Britain calls ‘blitz coverage’, made this case the pre-eminent news story of 2003. However, the attenuated nature of the search also exposed some of the tensions inherent in the relationships between those parties interested in the case. We understand these to consist of six entities which have an existence that is both material and conceptual: these are the victim’s family, possible suspects, the local community, the police, the media, and the national public, in this case envisaged in a dual role as wider community and media-audience. All of these stand in relationship to the more abstract yet rigid institution of the law, whose dictates guide the behaviour of the police, and strongly influence that of the media. This paper reports on research carried out by analysis ofNew Zealand Herald, Wairarapa Times-Age and TV One coverage of the case, and by two interviews with journalists investigating the forces that shaped the media coverage.

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20

Seed, David. "Brainwashing and Cold War Demonology." Prospects 22 (October 1997): 535–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0361233300000223.

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In November 1949 the Hungarian government announced the trial for espionage of the American I.T.&T. executive Robert A. Vogeler. At the beginning of the following year Vogeler pleaded guilty and was sentenced to fifteen years imprisonment. For a while his case became a cause célèbre to the extent that the U.S. government threatened to break of diplomatic relations with Hungary. Vogeler was released in 1951 after a deal between the two governments. With the case of Cardinal Mindszenty fresh in the public memory reports had been emerging that Vogeler had been subjected to a coercion tantamount to torture, which he himself confirmed in his memoir, I Was Stalin's Prisoner (1952), which was published the same year as Whittaker Chambers's Witness. This was no mere coincidence. Reviewing the latter work John Dos Passos threw out dark hints that the authenticity of both memoirs was being confirmed by a Communist-inspired smear campaign against the two writers. Vogeler had been subjected unwittingly to a process that was on the verge of being named. He recalled how he had been reduced to exhaustion and despair by sleep deprivation and by isolation from any American contacts. The result was a splintering of his consciousness into two entities: “A new personality was struggling to take command of my body, a personality that was prepared to do everything that No. 1 suggested. But my old personality — or perhaps it was merely the instinct of self-preservation — still held its ground”.

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21

Brown, David S., and Tao Wang. "Cyberethics: Identifying The Moral, Legal And Social Issues Of Cybertechnology In K-12 Classrooms." College Teaching Methods & Styles Journal (CTMS) 4, no. 2 (2011): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.19030/ctms.v4i2.5523.

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Two computer viruses that have caused hundreds of millions of dollars in damage over the past four years are the Melissa and the Sasser virus. In March of 1999, the Melissa virus first appeared on the Internet and spread rapidly throughout computer systems in the United States and Europe. The virus made its way through 1.2 million computers in the United States alone. On December 9, 1999, David Smith pleaded guilty to state and federal charges associated with his creation of the Melissa virus (Vamosi, 2003). Reasons for writing the viruses; boredom, the challenge, and thats what Im good at, what I like to do. In May, 2004, the Sasser virus was released by an 18 year old in Germany (Williams, 2004). The arrest made on this script kiddie was the first which used Microsofts $5,000,000 fund, even though millions has been offered for information on other viruses. Unfortunately, young virus creators are unwilling to turn one another in, claiming they write viruses because they have nothing else to do or because they just want to see what happens. The purpose of this paper is threefold. First, this paper will describe the extent of Internet/cyber use by American students. Second, this paper will present data from a resent research project showing the large amount of cyber crimes are secondary students are aware of and are participating in. Finally, this paper will present scenarios which might help the reader understand why ethical choices of todays script kiddies are not as black and white as the reader might think.

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22

Grakhotskiy, A. P. "The Frankfurt trial (1963—1965) and overcoming the past in Germany." Lex Russica, no. 3 (April 5, 2019): 146–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.17803/1729-5920.2019.148.3.146-158.

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In the first post-war decades in Germany the problem of crimes of the Nazi regime was hushed up. Information about the flagrant crimes of the Nazis in the concentration camps was perceived by the Germans as “propaganda of the winners”. The Frankfurt process of 1963-1965 was an event that contributed to the understanding of the criminal past of its country by the German society. Before the court in Frankfurt there appeared 22 Nazi war criminals who were accused of murder and complicity in the killing of prisoners of concentration camps and death camps of Auschwitz. During the trial, horrific facts of mass destruction of people and unprecedented cases of humiliation of human dignity were revealed. The position of the prosecution was that the defendants voluntarily served in Auschwitz, realizing that the main purpose of the operation of the camp is the mass destruction of Jews, purposefully participating in the implementation of a common criminal plan. The defense adhered to the strategy that the defendants were only weak-willed executors of the orders of the highest Nazi leadership and were forced to commit crimes at the risk of their own lives. None of the accused pleaded guilty, and in their closing speeches they expressed neither regret nor remorse to the victims and their relatives. The verdict of the jury was soft: only 6 accused were sentenced to life imprisonment, the rest received various (from 3 to 14 years) terms of imprisonment, three were acquitted. However, the significance of the Frankfurt trial exceeds the purpose of the criminal punishment of the Nazi criminals. The process became a milestone in the course of overcoming by the Germans of their recent past, the awareness of the responsibility of German society for the crimes of national socialism.

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23

Cohn, Haim H. "Judicial Cognizance of Guilt-Consciousness." Israel Law Review 27, no. 1-2 (1993): 59–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s002122370001685x.

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The term “guilt” connotes many different phenomena: theology, philosophy, ethics, psychology and law all contributed to the variety of connotations. It is not my purpose, nor do I pretend to engage in etymological or anthropological research into the evolution of the various aspects and concepts of guilt: I shall try to describe and distinguish only those phenomena of guilt of which judges may have to take cognizance for the proper exercise of punitive discretion.First and foremost, there is “guilt” within the meaning of criminal law. On the one hand, guilt is spoken of as denoting the mental element in crime: the guilt of one who committed a criminal act — actus reus — presupposes the criminal mind — mens rea; or, an actus reus is transformed into guilt by the supervenience of mens rea. Whether the mens rea is intent or wilfulness, or only negligence or recklessness, does not affect the incidence of guilt, but may well raise the question of degree of guilt. On the other hand, “guilt” is the result of a verdict to the effect that the accused is criminally responsible (“finding of guilty”), and it is in this sense that the accused may “plead guilty”.

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24

Swartz, Talia H. "Guilt." Pathogens and Immunity 5, no. 1 (2020): 175. http://dx.doi.org/10.20411/pai.v5i1.395.

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the air is tense and unsafeshimmering veils obscure emotionfears and hopes digitized misunderstoodwarm tears stream for himboth vying for indefinite optionshis lungs are weakershe pleads for himhe cannot pleadhe cannot breathebut not seen through plexiglass wallsand faceshields and masksis guiltguilt that she was on the other sidethat she brought this homethat he is here because of herguilt cannot escape because it is protectedinside the confines of this roomfor no one else to perceiveand in these walls of protectionthat there is nothing to protect herfrom this immutable guilt

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25

Helm, Rebecca K. "Cognitive Theory and Plea-Bargaining." Policy Insights from the Behavioral and Brain Sciences 5, no. 2 (2018): 195–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2372732218786974.

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Convictions in the criminal justice system now overwhelmingly occur by guilty plea. This is largely due to the “plea-bargaining” system in which the charge and sentence defendants receive as a result of pleading guilty is frequently much less severe than the charge and sentence that they would receive if convicted at trial. In this context, defendants must make complex decisions about whether to plead guilty or go to trial. This article draws on cognitive theory and empirical research to identify three potential weaknesses in the current plea system: (a) incentives offered to plead are likely to override considerations of factual guilt or innocence in a way that may be psychologically coercive; (b) groups that are cognitively disposed to pleading guilty when innocent are being offered insufficient protection; and (c) heuristics and biases are likely to influence plea decisions. Potential policy change to reduce these problems, informed by cognitive theory and decision-making research, then follow.

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26

Couzin, J. "Crawford Pleads Guilty." Science 314, no. 5798 (2006): 401c. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.314.5798.401c.

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27

Byrne, G. "Breuning pleads guilty." Science 242, no. 4875 (1988): 27–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.3175633.

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28

Byrne, G. "Breuning Pleads Guilty." Science 242, no. 4875 (1988): 27–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.242.4875.27-b.

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29

Aliza, Novia Fetri, Putri Krisdiana, and Yusri Hamzani. "Religiosity Among Criminals With Death Pinalty: A Study Of Nusakambangan Prison." Dialog 43, no. 2 (2020): 249–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.47655/dialog.v43i2.370.

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This article discusses religiosity among criminals who pleaded guilty with death penalty at Lembaga Pemasyarakatan (Lapas) Permisan Nusakambangan. This focuses on two major issues; religiosity among the criminals and factors that contribute to the level of religiosity. The author carries out a field research by conducting interview and documentation. Subjects of the research are limited to three main categories; Muslim males in Indonesia, punished with capital punishment, and waiting for execution for more than ten years. The data obtained are analyzed using a theory of religiosity that is developed in religious study and psychology. The result of the study shows that the religiosity of the criminals who are punished with capital punishment are very good based on aspects of religiosity, such as; belief, Islamic law, and behavior of the criminals. Moreover, this religiosity is affected by internal and external factors. Internal factors relate to their confession of the past sins and the fear of death, while the external factors relate to the roles of their parents, children, and wife. Artikel ini membahas tentang religiusitas narapidana vonis hukuman mati di Lembaga Pemasyarakatan Permisan Nusakambangan. Terdapat dua pembahasan utama yang dikaji dalam artikel ini: kondisi religiusitas narapidana vonis hukuman mati yang saat ini mendekam di lapas Permisan dan faktor-faktor yang membentuk sikap religius mereka. Untuk mendapatkan data seputar dua pembahasan utama tersebut, penulis menggunakan jenis penelitian lapangan dengan metode wawancara dan dokumentasi. Subjek dalam pembahasan ini juga dibatasi pada tiga kategori, yaitu orang Indonesia yang beragama Islam, mendapatkan vonis hukuman mati, sedang dalam masa menunggu eksekusi mati lebih dari sepuluh tahun dan berjenis kelamin laki-laki. Pada tahap selanjutnya, informasi yang didapatkan pada subjek penelitian tersebut dianalisis menggunakan teori religiusitas yang terdiri dari tiga dimensi utama, yaitu akidah, syariah, dan akhlak. Berdasarkan beberapa data yang didapatkan, kondisi religiusitas narapidana vonis hukuman mati di lapas Permisan sangat baik, hal ini terlihat dari pelaksanaan tiga dimensi utama religiusitas itu sendiri. Pada sisi kedua, religiusitas narapidana dipengaruhi oleh faktor internal berupa kesadaran atas dosa masa lalu dan ketakutan akan kematian. Sedangkan motivasi eksternal didapatkan dari orang tua, anak dan istri.

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Testa, Alexander, and Brian D. Johnson. "Paying the Trial Tax: Race, Guilty Pleas, and Disparity in Prosecution." Criminal Justice Policy Review 31, no. 4 (2019): 500–531. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0887403419838025.

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The vast majority of criminal cases are disposed of through guilty pleas, yet relatively little empirical research focuses on the factors that are related to whether a defendant pleads guilty or goes to trial. The current work investigates this issue, analyzing three recent years of data from the Maryland Commission on Criminal Sentencing Policy. It examines predictors of guilty plea and trial dispositions as well as key differences among different types of guilty pleas. Findings indicate that Black and Latino defendants are substantially less likely to plead guilty, and that these differences are most pronounced for nonnegotiated guilty pleas. Little evidence emerges for gender disparities or for compound disadvantages associated with young, male, minority defendants. Results are discussed as they relate to contemporary theoretical perspectives on racial differences in perceived legitimacy and trust in the criminal justice system.

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Nittrouer, Charles. "I Plead Guilty." Oceanography 5, no. 2 (1992): 82. http://dx.doi.org/10.5670/oceanog.1992.18.

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Hancock, Bill. "NASA Hacker Pleads Guilty." Computers & Security 19, no. 8 (2000): 668–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0167-4048(00)08006-8.

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Waltz, Emily. "Seed spy pleads guilty." Nature Biotechnology 34, no. 3 (2016): 223. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nbt0316-223b.

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Смирнов, Александр Михайлович. "Characteristics of the condemned - victims of the incredible application of physical power and (or) special means." Vestnik Kuzbasskogo instituta, no. 2(39) (June 20, 2019): 100–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.53993/2078-3914/2019/2(39)/100-105.

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В статье представлена характеристика осужденных - жертв неправомерного применения физической силы и (или) специальных средств, включающая в себя основные уголовно-правовые и уголовно-исполнительные признаки данных осужденных, учитывание которых может оказать научно-методическую помощь в выработке оптимальных мер по профилактике подобного применения. Автор приходит к выводу, что эти осужденные характеризовались за время отбывания наказания в целом отрицательно. Ими являются мужчины зрелого возраста, с низким уровнем образования, повторно осужденные за преступления против собственности, жизни и здоровья, в сфере незаконного оборота оружия и наркотических средств, частично признавшие вину в совершенном преступлении, содержащиеся в исправительных колониях строгого режима, для лиц, ранее отбывавших лишение свободы, негативно относящиеся к порядку и условиям отбывания наказания, в связи с чем поставленные на профилактический учет по основаниям, связанным с проявлениями отрицательной реакции на установленные режимные требования, избегающие выполнять возложенные на них в процессе отбывания наказания обязанности, не стремящиеся к исправлению, положительно относящиеся к проявлениям криминальной субкультуры, поддерживающие и пропагандирующие ее среди осужденных. Для обеспечения эффективности воспитательной работы с ними необходимы методы принуждения. Эти осужденные отличаются весьма негативными психологическими характеристиками. The article describes the characteristics of convicts - victims of the unlawful use of physical force and (or) special means, including the main criminal law and criminal executive signs of data of convicted persons, taking into account which can provide scientific and methodological assistance in developing optimal measures to prevent such use. The author comes to the conclusion that these convicts were characterized during the period of serving the sentence as a whole negatively. They are men of mature age, with a low level of education, re-convicted of crimes against property, life and health, in the sphere of illicit trafficking in weapons and narcotic drugs, who partially pleaded guilty of the crime committed, in the correctional colonies of strict regime for those who have previously served imprisonment, negatively related to the order and conditions of serving the sentence, in connection with which they are put on a preventive record on the grounds related to manifestations of a negative reaction to tanovlenii security requirements, avoiding to carry out their process of serving the sentence duties without seeking to correct positively related to the manifestations of the criminal subculture, supports and promotes it among the convicts. To ensure the effectiveness of educational work with them, coercive methods are necessary. These convicts are distinguished by very negative psychological characteristics.

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Hancock, Bill. "Canadian Teen Mafiaboy Pleads Guilty." Computers & Security 19, no. 8 (2000): 669. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0167-4048(00)08007-x.

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Kaplan, Cécile. "FNAIT: the fetus pleads guilty!" Blood 116, no. 18 (2010): 3384–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2010-08-299404.

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Abstract Fetal/neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia (FNAIT) resulting from fetal platelet destruction by maternal alloantibodies is the most common cause of severe fetal thrombocytopenia and of neonatal thrombocytopenia in maternity wards.1 The pathophysiology is largely unknown. The fetus has long been considered as an “innocent bystander.”

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EMBER, LOIS. "Grace pleads guilty to falsifying information." Chemical & Engineering News 66, no. 23 (1988): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cen-v066n023.p005.

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&NA;. "Guidant Pleads Guilty to Massive Fraud." Journal of Clinical Engineering 28, no. 3 (2003): 156–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00004669-200307000-00024.

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Coulombel, Laure. "RPS19: pleads guilty in DBA case?" Blood 105, no. 12 (2005): 4549–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2005-03-1254.

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Menkus, Belden. "Hacker pleads guilty to Unix theft." Computer Fraud & Security Bulletin 1991, no. 6 (1991): 2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0142-0496(91)90134-q.

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McCarthy, Michael. "US doctor pleads guilty to murdering patients." Lancet 356, no. 9234 (2000): 1010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(05)72632-5.

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Sterlicchi, John. "Man Pleads Guilty to Phony Stock Hoax." Computer Fraud & Security 2001, no. 2 (2001): 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1361-3723(01)02012-7.

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Dyer, C. "Surgeon pleads guilty to risking patients' health." BMJ 309, no. 6950 (1994): 292–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.309.6950.292a.

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Sakkas, Giorgos K. "Uremic Restless Legs Syndrome Pleads “Not Guilty”." American Journal of Nephrology 46, no. 3 (2017): 222–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000479943.

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Bethany Halford. "Charles Lieber pleads not guilty to charges." C&EN Global Enterprise 98, no. 31 (2020): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cen-09831-polcon1.

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Steffora, Ann. "Dairy king pleads guilty to tax evasion." Computer Fraud & Security Bulletin 1993, no. 10 (1993): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0142-0496(93)90144-l.

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&NA;. "AstraZeneca, Bayer plead guilty to marketing violations." Inpharma Weekly &NA;, no. 1393 (2003): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00128413-200313930-00004.

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Tanne, Janice Hopkins. "Former FDA commissioner pleads guilty to two charges." BMJ 333, no. 7574 (2006): 874.2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.333.7574.874-a.

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Knopf, Alison. "Indivior CEO steps down, pleads guilty over Suboxone." Alcoholism & Drug Abuse Weekly 32, no. 27 (2020): 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adaw.32774.

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Petersen, Nick. "Do Detainees Plead Guilty Faster? A Survival Analysis of Pretrial Detention and the Timing of Guilty Pleas." Criminal Justice Policy Review 31, no. 7 (2019): 1015–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0887403419838020.

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Although numerous quantitative studies have linked pretrial detention to increased conviction rates, the precise mechanisms linking these decisions remain unclear. Qualitative studies shed light on these processes, revealing that many detainees plead guilty quickly to escape the pains of detention, including poor confinement conditions, strained work or family relations, and “dead time.” Moreover, these pressures to plead are often exacerbated by uncertain detention length, time-sensitive “exploding” plea deals, and temporal discounting. Utilizing data on felony defendants from large urban counties between 1990 and 2004, we assess whether pretrial detention accelerates the pace of guilty pleas. Survival analyses indicate that pretrial detainees plead guilty 2.86 times faster than released defendants do, suggesting that pretrial detention is a powerful prosecutorial tool. Moreover, local resources affect case processing time in ways that are consistent with the courtroom workgroup perspective. Implications for public policies and future research are discussed.

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