Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Pleine conscience (Psychologie)'
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Marticotte, Elie. "Trait de pleine conscience, pleine conscience parentale et compassion pour soi chez les parents d'enfants ayant un trouble du déficit de l'attention avec ou sans hyperactivité (TDAH)." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/67305.
Full textBarbry, Alexis. "Pleine conscience, performance et santé dans le sport." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lille (2022-....), 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024ULILS002.
Full textThis thesis aimed at emphasizing the connections between sports club participation, performance, and health as well as studying the extent of mindfulness meditation inside these interrelations. At first, the interrelations between sports club participation, performance, and health have been observed among a large sample of young people. It is demonstrated that: a) sports club participation would lead to a better level of performance and health, and b) some sports practices (more than others) are associated with greater benefits to physiological and psychological factors that influence performance and health. Then, through a systematic review, the effects of mindfulness short periods on a health psychophysiological biomarker (heart rate variability) have been evaluated. Our results underline the lack of randomised controlled trials to be able to state that the autonomic nervous system would benefit from mindfulness. Finally, we have tested the effects of mindfulness short periods meditation combined with high intensity running training on performance and health. Our randomised controlled trial highlights that: a) mindfulness meditation would produce differences (compared in a control group) in cardiorespiratory endurance, and b) mindfulness meditation would improve certain psychological skills in sport and in athletes' well-being. Our results also show that mindfulness meditation would not affect heart rate variability, ratings of perceived exertion, and other components of physical fitness
Morin, Karine. "Le processus de conscience réflexive dans la pratique de psychothérapie d'une doctorante en psychologie." Thèse, Université de Sherbrooke, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/7540.
Full textStrub, Lionel. "La Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy : revue de questions et élaboration d'un programme adapté à la prise en charge du stress professionnel : études-pilotes auprès d'une population de travailleurs." Thesis, Metz, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010METZ015L.
Full textMethods aimed at altering the perception of stressful situations such as the MBSR have come into being following the stress after-effects involved for workers. This problematic situation let us anticipate the possible relevance to the occupational stress management of the MBCT program combining both the MBSR mindfulness meditative practices and cognitive therapy elements.Objective : To shed light on the concepts of mindfulness and awareness through semantic research and to achieve a MBCT scientific litterature review. To check its applicability to the context of occupational stress by means of two pilot experimentations in non-clinical populations. Method : Design of an occupational stress-adapted manualized program and implementation as a randomized MBCT/Control comparative study and as a case study. Filling of scales relative to stress (PSS, Indice de Stress au Travail de Légeron), stress-associated symptoms (MBI, GHQ-28, BDI-13), coping strategies (Brief COPE) and mindfulness skills (PHLMS) Pre- and Post-program and gathering of accounts.Results : Significative Pre-Post improvements at almost all of the measures except for the personal accomplishment subscale of the MBI and for perceived stress (PSS). Statistical significance on the MBI emotional exhaustion subscale and on the work-contextualized perceived stress measures in the inter-group comparison. Improvement of psychosocial skills in work stress situations. Conclusion : Applicability potential of the MBCT to occupational stress management. Despite a number of limitations, these studies express an indisputable interest both for the research and for companies on the look-out for optimal cost-benefit ratios
Pineschi, de Mello Guilherme. "Mise en place et évaluation d'un programme d'entraînement à la pleine conscience auprès de jeunes golfeurs d'élite." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/37627.
Full textThis study focuses on the implementation of a mindfulness training program for 15 young elite golfers, aged 17 to 20, from a Quebec-City golf academy. The program spanned over 6 weeks, and included formal and daily meditative practice of approximately 10 minutes with audio support and weekly monitoring of participant progress. The objectives were to assess whether this program increased mindfulness in everyday life and in golf, and to check whether this increase persisted over time. A single-subject A-B multiple-baseline design was used. Golfers were assessed with the French computerized versions of the Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS) and Mindfulness Inventory for Sport-Golf (MIS-Golf). After establishing a baseline, the assessments were carried out on a weekly basis during the intervention and follow-up phases. The tendency to be mindful in daily life was measured, as well as the 3 dimensions of mindfulness in the specific context of golf: awareness, acceptance and refocusing. Visual inspection of the graphs and four series of mixed-model regression analyses were performed. The results revealed (significant) partial low to moderate evidence supporting the effectiveness of the program regarding mindfulness in everyday life, as well as the "acceptance" dimension of mindfulness in golf. This mindfulness training program is considered to be viable, and its initial results are promising. Future research should optimize some of its qualities and refine the study of the effects of the program.
Ahmad, Rafat. "L'efficacité de la thérapie cognitive de pleine conscience chez des jeunes filles anorexiques." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012MON30092/document.
Full textThe Mindfulness therapy is considered the new direction of cognitive behavioral therapy. It started mainly with the work of Kabat- Zinn (1979 - 2009) President of CFM Centre: Centre for Medicine in Mindefulness where he interested in managing stress using mindfulness. This study is an attempt to make the therapy of mindfulness as an independent therapy by itself is able to reduce disease symptoms and influence on personality to cognitive changes Profound. It targets to show that this type of therapy is far from being a simple tool to manage stress. Anorexia nervosa has been selected as pathology to be treated by this therapy, which held its session in patient hospitalized in Lyon and St. Etienne. The results showed that the treatment with the Mindfulness had reduced the pathological symptoms of anorexia nervosa (physical, emotional and cognitive), and that patients, after therapy, had became with a locus of control internal Compared with the beginning of treatment, and with the control group, they used less the coping emotional and coping problem and coping social support compared with the start of therapy and the control group
Veillette, Félix. "Effets du yoga et de la méditation sur le fonctionnement cognitif et les habiletés de pleine conscience chez des enfants en milieu scolaire." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/69810.
Full textBourgy, Marthe. "L'adaptation cognitive et l’improvisation dans les environnements dynamiques : pour une intégration de l’expérience sensible dans les modèles de l’activité experte." Paris 8, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA084127.
Full textDealing with the unexpected is now a major concern in complex systems. The role of improvisation in this form of adaptation is recognized in the literature. This thesis tries to clarify the nature of improvisation at the individual level. The applied goal is to improve expert decision making in unforeseen situations. The thesis points a limit of the cognitive approach of adaptation. In this view, a relevant representation of the situation at stake is a prerequisite to adaptive decision making. But such appropriate representations are difficult to build in unforeseen situations because structuring schemas are lacking and attentional resources are too limited to process all the available information. Moreover, the cognitive control function cannot entirely solve the relevance problem because it is based on representations as well. To go out of this deadlock, it is proposed to extend the cognitive model of adaptation. Rooted in sensitive experience, intuition is situated below the level of representation. It can catch both the global and unique nature of experienced situations. Consequently, anchoring the cognitive system in sensitive experience could help this one to select relevant information in unforeseen situations. A study on simulator in the field of combat aviation is presented. Differences in the quality of expert pilots’ improvisations are observed and related to differences in their level of receptivity to sensitive experience. Classic factors, such as expertise level, are also analysed. Results confirm a model of improvisation that combines representation and sensitive experience
Freiin, Von Hammerstein-Equord Cora Fee. "Mindfulness et addictions : évaluation du programme MBRP (Mindfulness-Based Relapse Prevention) chez des patients présentant une addiction avec ou sans substance." Thesis, Paris 10, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PA100131.
Full textThe purpose of this work was to investigate feasibility, acceptability and preliminary outcomes of the MBRP (Mindfulness Based relapse prevention) program as a treatment of addictions. First, this work allowed us to establish that this program represented an acceptable and feasible therapeutic approach as a treatment for alcohol use disorders and that it increased the level of mindfulness and psychological flexibility and reduced craving. Secondly, we were able to identify that home practice, which is central to mindfulness-based treatments, was facilitated by the participants' initial motivation and their feeling of self-efficacy in terms of their ability to set up a practice, while the impression of "doing wrong" or the absence of immediate effects of the practice was a barrier to it. We have also been able to highlight the interest of this program as a treatment for gambling disorder. Through our descriptive results, we showed that mindfulness meditation was a tool that most gamblers readily used to manage craving and impulsive behavior. In addition, we found that participating in the program reduced gambling, gambling symptoms, craving, as well as depression and anxiety and increased mindfulness levels. In addition, we were able to show by examining a case report that the combination of the MBRP program and cognitive training could increase self-control in a patient who was resistant to conventional CBTs. We have also shown that the initiation to mindfulness among caregivers working in an addiction facility has been very well received. On average they participated in 4 out of 5 sessions and, all set up a personal home practice after the group initiation. Finally, we validated the Transdiagnostic Craving Trigger Questionnaire (TCTQ) to assess craving triggers in a population with an alcohol use disorder. Our analyses showed a three-factor solution, composed of unpleasant emotions, pleasant emotions and external triggers and associated thoughts. This thesis work allowed us to conclude that the MBRP program has a strong interest in the treatment of addictive disorders, with or without substances. We were able to show that it worked on underlying processes of this disorder, such as depression and anxiety, that it reduced craving and that it was a way of mobilizing resources, such as psychological flexibility. Our objective is to carry out further research which would allow us to state on its efficacy as compared to a control condition
Weiss, Amélie. "De l'intérêt de la pleine conscience dans le champ de la santé mentale à l'impact de la méditation sur les pratiques du care occidental." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022STRAG005.
Full textMindfulness meditation has been expanding over the past forty years. By defining more precisely the contexts of emergence of two types of meditative practice, the MBSR protocol and Zen sitting meditation, we will question the anthropological discourse of these practices. This reflexive benefit will question the possible link between meditation and care practices in the West in order to provide structured answers to the following question: in what way can GPA, put back into one of its cultural contexts of emergence, be an element of support for care practices in the West? Two studies were conducted with two populations : caregivers and teachers. The purpose of these studies is to question the effects of mindfulness meditation on the qualities of being. The results show that training in an attitude of care allows us to measure the readjustment of the affective commitment in the relationship to care: the sole exercise of sitting meditation concretely leads to an availability and not to an additional disposition for the practice of "taking care"
Allemand, Remi. "Effets de la pratique de mindfulness sur l’adaptation au travail des militaires de la Marine Nationale : stress, affects et relations sociales." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Nantes Université, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023NANU2031.
Full textIn recent years, mindfulness has emerged as a practice with multifaceted benefits, both for clinical population (Shiqi et al., 2022), workers (Good et al., 2015), and even military personnel (Roemer et al., 2023). Beyond being a practice, mindfulness can be regarded as a competence or a trait (Brown & Ryan, 2003). However, despite the numerous studies published daily on this subject, none have explored the consequences of mindfulness practice among French Navy personnel. Given the specificities of this population, the aim of this thesis is to develop a mindfulness program tailored to its constraints and organizational culture, and to measure the effects of this program in the workplace. To address these objectives, we conducted a mixed-method approach, consisting of one qualitative study and three quantitative studies involving a total of 1065 participants. One study validated the Mindfulness at Work Scale (M@WS, Hülsheger & Alberts, 2021) in French, which measures the trait mindfulness at work. The conclusions from the other three studies highlight the program's effects in terms of reduced stress, heightened positive affects, decreased negative affects, reduced perceived workplace conflicts and increased mindfulness trait. These findings promote the continued integration of mindfulness within military forces, providing both theoretical insights and practical applications
Pavani, Jean-Baptiste. "Vers une individualisation des interventions centrées sur la régulation émotionnelle : étude de la modération par la personnalité des effets d'interventions cognitive, de psychologie positive et de méditation de pleine conscience chez des adultes tout-venant." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AIXM0366.
Full textSeveral interventions have been conceived to help individuals regulate their emotions. Some of these interventions are influential (i.e. traditional cognitive-behavioral, positive psychology, and mindfulness meditation interventions). However, the size of the efficacy of even these most influential interventions appears to be weak to moderate. The surprising of the efficacy of these interventions can be partly explained by the interindividual differences that manifest themselves in the response to any intervention. The objective of the present thesis is to understand the interindividual differences that manifest themselves in the response to different types of emotion regulation-focused interventions. To attain this goal, we administered personality questionnaires to non-clinical individuals, before assigning them to four independent groups: a control group, a group in which they followed a traditional cognitive-behavioral program, a group in which they followed a positive psychology program, and a group in which they followed a mindfulness meditation program. Results suggested the importance of analyzing complete personality profiles. For instance, if individuals with a moderate to high neuroticism level benefitted mostly from the traditional cognitive-behavioral and mindfulness interventions, those scoring, besides, high on conscientiousness benefitted more from the mindfulness meditation intervention than from the traditional cognitive-behavioral intervention. Results are discussed considering their capacity to inspire individualized prescriptions of these interventions
Mailhiot, Pierre-Luc. "Regard sur la réalité des intervenant(e)s travaillant ou ayant travaillé auprès de la clientèle des centres jeunesse du Québec et pratiquant la présence attentive : une analyse phénoménologique interprétative." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/67231.
Full textLaszcz, Maria Alejandra. "Régulation des émotions et mindfulness en population clinique et en population soignants : mise en place et évaluation de deux interventions psychothérapeutiques." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 10, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024PA100002.
Full textThe main aim of this thesis was to study the effects of two brief psychotherapeutic interventions in group format. They shared some ingredients, notably mindfulness practices and the attitudes inherent in mindfulness (acceptance, self-compassion, kindness): emotion regulation training in a clinical population (patients with eating disorders), and mindfulness training for healthcare workers, in a public university hospital ward. We developed the first intervention (study 1) following recent developments in evidence-based transdiagnostic psychotherapeutic approaches to emotional disorders. The second intervention (study 2) was translated from a standardized clinical program adapted for the general population. We examined the effects of these interventions on clinical symptoms (eating disorders, stress, anxiety and depression) and process variables (emotion regulation, mindfulness, self-compassion, rumination, psychological flexibility and acceptance).The results obtained in these studies provide empirical support for the hypothesis that the use of mindfulness techniques promotes adaptive emotion regulation, both in patients (study 1) and in healthy subjects (study 2).Moreover, the improvement in eating disorder-specific symptoms in patients with eating disorders (indirect, since not targeted by the intervention) provides encouraging empirical support for the value of targeting emotional regulation as an adjuvant treatment in this pathology.This work led to three articles. The first (published) paper presents a review of the literature on emotion regulation deficits in people with eating disorders, and points to the value of developing acceptance and mindfulness-based interventions in the context of this pathology. The second article (submitted for publication) examines the acceptability and effects of an emotion regulation training intervention in patients with eating disorders. The third article (in preparation) examines the feasibility and effects of a brief mindfulness program to reduce stress and increase well-being among healthcare staff
Baquedano, Larrain Constanza. "De-automatization through awareness of subjective realism : a neurophenomenological account of meditative states and their effect on cognitive bias." Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSE1341.
Full textOne of the key features of Mindful meditation is realizing that imagined or perceived events are not necessarily an accurate depiction of reality, a process known as dereification. Dereification is also a target of many psychotherapeutic approaches, as excessive immersion into one's mental contents has been related to psychological distress and several psychiatric conditions. The aim of this study was to investigate to what extent engagement with mental content as being real (i.e. subjective realism) can bias automatic tendencies toward the world, and to elucidate the mechanisms by which meditation practices can modulate it. Our main hypothesis was that recognizing subjective realism during mindfulness-related practices de-automatizes cognitive bias.We ran two studies in naïve and experienced meditators: Firstly, we explored the effect of a brief mindful-attention instruction on a food engagement paradigm to investigate how subjective realism modulates automatic approach-avoidance tendencies. Secondly, we explored whether mindful-attention meditation could modulate automatic semantic expectations in a modified storytelling paradigm. We used a neurophenomenological approach, combining molecular, physiological, electroencephalographic (EEG) and behavioral data, with first-person data collected using self-reports and qualitative interviews.Overall, behavioral, physiological and EEG results supported our hypothesis that derealization can prompt des-automatization of cognitive bias. Neurophenomenological accounts indicate that participants used different cognitive strategies to achieve dereification, and that such strategies vary as a function of meditation expertise, among others. Naïve participants use more often cognitive reappraisal/emotional regulation-type strategies, which are reflected in the modulation of late ERP components. In contrast, meditators used less often elaborative strategies as reflected by the modulation of early sensory ERPs
Giguère-Rancourt, Ariane. ""Goal Management Training" : effets d'un programme d'entraînement des fonctions exécutives chez des patients atteints de la maladie de Parkinson idiopathique." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/69591.
Full textParkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease characterised by resting tremor and rigidity. In addition to these motor symptoms of PD, other non-motor symptoms occur, such as cognitive deficits. Approximately 30% of PD patients develop Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) with executive dysfunction, that is, difficulties in executive functions. These functions are the ability to organize and coordinate thoughts, goal directed behaviors and to regulate emotions. Few treatments are actually available specifically for cognitive impairment in PD patients. Since medication development can take several years and cause adverse side effects, other non-pharmacological treatments may be useful in helping patients with PD-MCI. This thesis aims to evaluate two non-pharmacological approaches (cognitive training and psychoeducation), which were adapted to patients with PD-MCI. In order to meet certain limitations of previous studies, the Goal Management Training (GMT) training program was chosen for administration to PD-MCI patients with executive dysfunction. Another program was developed in form of psychoeducation on PD and various symptoms, coupled with mindfulness exercises. The first study intended to adapt the GMT program to PD-MCI population. With a multi baseline case study in a first patient, safety and acceptability were verified on several parameters (fatigue, psychological and behavioral symptoms, changes in medication or dosage and caregiver burden). The results show that GMT is safe and acceptable. In addition, it improves concerns about executive functions. The second study assessed the effects of the two programs (executive functions, quality of life, overall cognition) with a randomized - control study. Six patients received the adapted GMT, and six others received the combination of psychoeducation and mindfulness. The programs were administered at the home of each participant in the presence of the caregiver, in five sessions of 60-75 minutes, over five weeks. Various follow-up measures were taken at one, four and 12 weeks after the end of the intervention. The results show that both programs improved concerns about executive functions. They also reduced the number of errors made in an executive functions task, with a non-significant trend towards greater improvement in the GMT group. After four weeks, the group combining psychoeducation and mindfulness saw an improvement in quality of life, whereas scores of the GMT group were maintained. This study shows the interest of non-pharmacological approaches. Each program has its advantages and limitations depending on the profile of each participant. The third study aimed to include caregiver's data. During the second study, the caregivers of each participant answered questionnaires on the feelings of burden and distress. First, all data from the baseline, before randomization and interventions, were combined. The associations between clinical variables and variables in caregivers were assessed with a correlation matrix. Secondly, the effects of the two interventions were specifically evaluated on caregiver's measures. The results show there was no deterioration in feelings of burden and distress among caregivers for any of the groups, even if they had to invest time during the interventions. This study showed the importance of involving caregivers in the therapeutic process of PD-MCI patients. This thesis has shown the potential of two non-pharmacological approaches to improve concerns of patients with cognitive disorders. The three studies show limits, as well as strengths. Different theoretical and clinical recommendations regarding the intervention in people with PD-MCI can be considered.
Gendron, Bénédicte. "Management des risques psycho-sociaux et capital émotionnel pour une qualité de vie au travail et vers des organisations capacitantes : essai réflexif et intervention sur le stress dans le monde du soin et de l’éducation via l'approche de la pleine conscience, de l'acceptation et de l'engagement et de management de projet." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016MON30028/document.
Full textThe development of Emotional Capital for Mindful Management and Quality of Life at Work: an approach to prevention of psychosocial risks, stress in particular, positive psychology via the acceptance and commitment therapy approach for apprentices carers and futur educators
Roux, Michaël. "Les effets de la pleine conscience sur l’expérience et les pratiques managériales : élaboration d’un modèle explicatif." Thesis, Paris 10, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA100149/document.
Full textThe purpose of this research is to develop a mechanism to explain how mindfulness affects how middle managers experience and carry out their managerial role. We first reviewed a corpus of literature on mindfulness and middle and first line managers. The research question arises from a twofold observation: firstly, existing research into mindfulness and management does not offer an explanatory approach to the relationship between mindfulness and its impact in organizations and, secondly, the research on mindfulness has not examined the leadership practices of middle managers. Our research follows an interpretative paradigm and develops an abductive approach in order to propose a grounded theory as suggested by Glaser and Strauss (1967). We applied a hybrid exploratory and quantitative approach based on case studies and action research implemented through a protocol of mindfulness development of thirteen managers in two different organizations. This enabled us to classify the perceived effects of mindfulness on managerial perceptions and practices and to propose an explanatory mechanism for how these effects come into play. This mechanism shows how mindfulness can free managers from reactive behavior patterns at work, allowing them to develop their emotional intelligence, reduce stress levels and gain greater self-confidence. By changing the participants’ experiences as managers, mindfulness changed their managerial practices in three key areas: they learned to communicate in a less conflictual manner and listen more to their professional entourage, they tend to delegate more and have developed closer relationships with their teams, and they have improved their ability to organize and prioritize their work. These changes were corroborated by their teams who reported improved motivation and well-being as well as less work-related stress. The research underscores the influence of mindfulness on the day-to-day experience of managers, the importance of taking into account emotions in the workplace and the need to give managers working under strong professional constraints greater liberty
Ruffault, Alexis. "Le rôle de la pleine conscience dans l'accompagnement de patients obèses : quand, pourquoi et comment intervenir ?" Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCB250/document.
Full textExposure to adverse life events has been associated with adult obesity, and could translate into the appearance of eating disorders. Moreover, exposure to adverse life events has been associated with emotional dysregulation, which would be in turn linked to higher prevalence of eating disorders. Furthermore, mindfulness skills (i.e., non-judgmental awareness of thoughts, emotions, and bodily sensations in the present-moment) have been the object of increased attention in the scientific literature as a means to increase emotion regulation and treat eating disorders in obese patients. The first part of this thesis studies the associations of exposure to adverse life events with eating patterns in obese patients. Two studies have been conducted in this part: the first aiming at assessing the association of exposure to adverse life events with postoperative weight-loss, as well as pre- and postoperative eating patterns; and the second aiming at exploring the role of emotion regulation strategies and mindfulness skills in the association of exposure to adverse life events and eating patterns. The second part studies the effects of mindfulness training on eating patterns and physical activity in obese patients. Three studies have been conducted in this part: a clinical case study, a systematic review and meta-analysis, and a randomized controlled trial (MindOb study). The results of the first part showed that bariatric surgery patients exposed to adverse life events are at risk of losing less weight after surgery, as well as having more dysfunctional eating patterns pre- and postoperative. Moreover, with non-operated obese patients, the results showed that the psychological impact of adverse life events and non-adaptive emotion regulation have been associated with psychological distress, impulsive eating, and binge eating. The results of the second part showed that mindfulness training decreased impulsive and binge eating in non-operated patients. Moreover, results showed that mindfulness training could also increase physical activity in these patients. This thesis highlights the need for providing obese patients with psychotherapeutic techniques increasing emotion regulation. The results suggest that pre-surgery interventions could avoid maintenance or the appearance of dysfunctional eating patterns. Moreover, psychotherapeutic interventions would be more effective in the case of patients either exposed to adverse life events or being diagnosed with binge eating disorder. However, while mindfulness training seemed effective, the optimal intervention design has yet to be identified. In fact, the questions of whether such training should be self-help or guided, daily and long-term or short-term, complementary to medical care and adapted to eating disorders or broader, must still be tested
Bernier, Marjorie. "Exploration et optimisation des focalisations attentionnelles des sportifs experts à travers une approche naturaliste : une contribution en golf et en patinage artistique." Paris 11, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA113008.
Full textAttentional focus has been examined by many studies based on experimental protocols aiming to test the effectiveness of some kinds of attentional focus on motor learning and on performance. The goal of this doctoral dissertation was to throw new light on this notion by using a naturalistic approach, i. E. By examining the attentional focus of expert athletes in natural performance settings. Both areas of research were dealt with in this work : (a) the exploration and (b) the optimization of attentional focus in expert athletes. Four studies were conducted with adults and young athletes with very high levels of expertise in two sports characterized by their technical aspects: golf and figure skating. The exploratory studies in chapter 1, based on different qualitative methods (self confrontation interviews, qualitative data coding, "event listing" display) revealed a categorization of attentional focus according to content and different characteristics. They also showed the dynamic nature of focus : athletes direct their attention successively to different foci that seem adapted to the situation (training vs. Competition) and to the sport (golf vs. Fiure skating). Expert athletes regulate their foci by means of self-regulation processes, presented through the prism of the "third wave" of cognitive and behavioural approaches. Chapter 2 examined the effectiveness of the latter approaches to optimize attentional focus in expert athletes. Single case research designs and case studies made it possible to test the effectiveness of interventions, based on the third wave of cognitive and behavioural approaches, on attentional focus regulation and the performance of young elite golfers and skaters. Results showed that developing mindfulness skills can contribute to optimizing attentional focus in performance situations. Discussion of the results of the four studies suggests research and application perspectives
Lalova, Maria. "Exploration des mécanismes cognitifs, métacognitifs et autobiographiques dans le déficit d'insight dans la schizophrénie." Phd thesis, Université René Descartes - Paris V, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00869402.
Full textTouaiti, Balsam. "Emotional labor in the workplace : impact on individual and organizational health." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Aix-Marseille, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023AIXM0015.
Full textEmotional labor has been an in demand research subject among service researchers. In this thesis, we propose to study the impact of external and internal antecedents in the workplace on individual and organizational health through emotional labor. In the first article, we focus on the interaction between individual and organizational factors. We extend the effort-reward imbalance model by suggesting it boosts the emotional regulation processes and effects deleteriously the organizational commitment. Our results from study 1 and study 2 suggest that emotional labor may explain the adverse effects of effort-reward imbalance and that job autonomy may mitigate burnout. Given the complexity of emotional processes, we use a mixed-methods design to investigate our concerns in the second article. The findings of study 1 identify a number of job features that affect workplace health and suggest hypotheses. In study 2, we confirm that emotional labor may explain the effects of autonomy and reward and that cultural indulgence moderates some of these effects. In the third article, we highlight the impact of individual factors on occupational health. We propose to examine whether transversal competences boost occupational health in everyday-life. A three-time-lagged design suggest that emotional labor may explain the influence of interpersonal competence related to mindfulness and that organizational support can decrease emotional exhaustion
EL-Khoury, Bassam. "Pleine conscience, régulation émotionnelle et psychose : états des connaissances et applications cliniques." Thèse, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/10346.
Full textThis thesis is divided into three main parts, all pertaining to emotional regulation or to the efficacy of third wave cognitive behavioral treatments particularly in individuals having experienced psychotic symptoms. The thesis consists of one book chapter published in French, four articles published in English (i.e., introduction, deux meta-analyses and a clinical pilot study), and a general discussion. The introduction already published as an article (and as book chapter) involves a comprehensive review of the literature on emotion regulation in schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders. Individuals with schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders tend to show emotional dysregulations at the experiential, expressive, and processing levels. This first part strongly recommends integrating emotion regulation strategies, namely third wave cognitive behavioral strategies such as mindfulness, acceptance and compassion in the treatment of individuals with psychosis. In the second part of the thesis, two meta-analyses reviewing the effectiveness of these third wave cognitive behavioral strategies in regulating emotions are presented. The first investigates the effectiveness of mindfulness-based therapy across all psychological disorders and medical conditions. The second meta-analysis focuses more specifically on the effectiveness of mindfulness interventions for psychosis. The results from both meta-analyses show moderate to large effect sizes, with higher ones for affective symptoms, especially anxiety, depression and distress. Furthermore, the investigated strategies (i.e., mindfulness, acceptance and compassion) are strong positive moderators of the treatments’ effectiveness. These results suggest that these strategies are effective in regulating emotions, at least when measured in large pools of participants, including individuals with psychosis. The third part of the thesis involves the development and preliminary validation of a new group intervention for early psychosis using a combination of acceptance, compassion and mindfulness. Twelve individuals participated in this pilot study. Results indicated the feasibility and acceptability of the treatment, with improvements in emotion regulation and affective symptoms observed, and potentially linked to the intervention. The thesis overall empirically supports the important role of emotional regulation in treating individuals with psychosis. More research is warranted pertaining to the effectiveness of the new developed treatment.
Gill, Louis-Nascan. "Effets d’un court entraînement de pleine conscience sur la douleur et la cognition : une étude expérimentale randomisée en double aveugle." Thèse, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/20710.
Full textLamothe, Martin. "Effets de la pleine conscience sur l’empathie, les compétences émotionnelles, le cortisol capillaire, et le stress psychologique des soignants en hémato-oncologie pédiatrique." Thèse, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/22684.
Full textMalboeuf-Hurtubise, Catherine. "Un pilote avec groupe témoin : effets de la méditation de pleine conscience sur la qualité de vie, le sommeil et l’humeur chez des adolescents atteints de cancer." Thèse, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/13743.
Full textNews of a cancer diagnosis often elicits a strong emotional reaction in teenagers and their parents. To address these emotional challenges, various psychosocial approaches have been developed, including mind-body therapies. Mindfulness-based meditation, inspired from the Buddhist tradition, and adapted to improve quality of life in patients suffering from chronic illnesses, constitutes a promising option. Altogether, authors have suggested that mindfulness meditation could have beneficial effects on physical and psychological symptoms among adults with different chronic illnesses, namely cancer, and could hence be an interesting therapeutic avenue in the treatment of these conditions. The emerging research in pediatrics is suggesting similar effects in children and adolescents. The goal of this thesis was to develop a randomized clinical trial with the aim to evaluate the effects of a mindfulness- based intervention on quality of life, sleep and mood in adolescents with cancer, while documenting lessons learned from this experience and obtained results. This thesis is comprised of two scientific articles. The first article presents the initial study protocol that was planned for this study, although this could not be implemented because of multiple feasibility challenges that were met along the way. Preliminary steps in developing this research project, giving prominence to its intervention manual. The structure of the project, namely the choice of design and participant flow, the targeted sample size, along with recruitment and randomization strategies, are described in this article. For the purposes of this project, an intervention manual was written. The mindfulness-based intervention, given by two trained instructors, comprised of eight weekly sessions, lasting 90 minutes each. A detailed description of each weekly session was included in this article, in order to foster the dissemination of our research protocol. The second article is firstly based on our experience of carrying out a mindfulness- based clinical trial with a group of teenagers treated for cancer. While the initial goal of the trial was to expand the field of mindfulness research of youth with cancer, it became clear that much was to be learned from the challenges we met along the way. The goal of this article was therefore to document lessons learned from completing this trial to improve feasibility of future similar trials. Our findings are described in terms of the challenges encountered according to the following three categories: 1) recruitment and retention challenges; 2) treatment acceptability; 3) timing and commitment. Over 9 months of recruitment, 481 youth were screened for participation in the present project. Of these, 418 (86,9 %) were excluded. Of the 63 that were approached, only 7 (1,4%) agreed to participate in the project, gave consent and provided a complete dataset. A narrow pool of eligible participants, along with high refusal rates, scheduling conflicts with school and absenteeism had a significant impact on sample size in this project. Although there is manifest interest from the medical care community and scientific merit to conducting clinical trials, the resources needed for implementing these types of projects are often underestimated. Effective recruitment and retention merits particular attention. Secondly, this article presents results of our mindfulness-based intervention in adolescents with cancer, specifically in terms of quality of life, sleep and mood. Participants from the experimental group completed follow-up measures. Testing revealed no significant differences on any variable between participants from the experimental group and participants from the control group pre-to-post assessment. This could be explained by a lack of exposure to mindfulness techniques following the eight weeks program, limiting the generalization potential beyond therapy sessions. Moreover, encountered difficulties with homework, previously mentioned, could explain the absence of a mindfulness skills acquisition. Globally, our results could be explained by the inherent developmental changes of adolescence, impacting participants’ openness and adherence to mindfulness. Sub-clinical psychological symptoms could also strongly impact the usefulness of mindfulness meditation in youth with cancer. Data from this pilot study suggests that caution is required in generalizing the results used to determine the effectiveness of mindfulness interventions in adults with cancer, as they are not a guarantee of success and effectiveness for adolescent oncology populations. In conclusion, the present thesis helps advance the state of knowledge in mindfulness and youth research, namely by presenting data that questions the relevance of mindfulness interventions for teenagers with cancer. It is necessary to be cautious in analysing results from this thesis, especially when taking into consideration the methodological limitations that were faced in its completion and their impact on feasibility and reproducibility of such a project on a larger scale. Thus, lessons learned from the implementation of a mindfulness intervention project in pediatric oncology were of crucial importance in the completion of this project and will be an essential part of any attempt to replicate a project of this nature. Further research in this field will be necessary to conclude whether mindfulness interventions are beneficial for teenagers with cancer and whether they are feasible with pediatric populations.
Spidel, Alicia. "Preliminary validation of a group therapy for individuals with psychosis and childhood trauma histories using Acceptance and Commitment Therapy." Thèse, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/20626.
Full textBourgault, Maxime. "Présence thérapeutique et pleine conscience chez les psychologues : rôle médiateur de la compassion pour soi et de la détresse psychologique." Thèse, 2017. http://depot-e.uqtr.ca/8168/1/031872029.pdf.
Full textTaylor, Véronique A. "Effect of mindfulness meditation on the neural substrates of emotion processing and resting state in experienced and beginner meditators." Thèse, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/5362.
Full textMindfulness meditation promotes emotional stability, yet little is known of the brain mechanisms through which this is achieved. The impact of mindfulness on the neural and subjective responses to negative, positive, and neutral pictures in experienced meditators and beginners was investigated using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Mindfulness attenuated emotional intensity via distinct neural pathways for each group. For beginners, mindfulness induced a deactivation of the amygdala during emotional processing compared to meditators. For meditators (relative to beginners), mindfulness induced deactivations of areas involved in the evaluation of emotional significance and the default mode network (DMN) across all picture categories (medial prefrontal cortex [MPFC], posterior cingulate cortex). The DMN consists of functionally connected brain areas typically activated at rest and deactivated during goal-directed tasks. It remains unknown whether meditation training influences functional connectivity within DMN regions, and if so, whether these effects persist beyond a state of meditation per se. Functional connectivity within DMN regions at rest was examined using fMRI in beginners and meditators. Relative to beginners, meditators exhibited decreased connectivity between MPFC subdivisions, and increased connectivity between the right inferior parietal lobule and three other DMN regions. These findings may reflect that early beneficial effects of mindfulness on psychopathology are due to deactivations of limbic regions involved in emotional reactivity. On the other hand, long-term effects of meditation on emotional stability may occur through a down-regulation of prefrontal and cingulate regions involved in the evaluation of emotional significance, and altered functional connectivity within DMN regions at rest.
Gentile, Christina. "Individual differences in the prediction of metabolic dysfunction from physiological responses to stress : a target for intervention?" Thèse, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/20773.
Full textTaylor, Véronique. "Effects of Fear Conditioning on Pain : Moderation by Mindfulness and the HPA-axis." Thèse, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/20628.
Full textBoisvert, Charles. "Pistes de prévention en santé mentale pour les étudiants en relation d’aide : influence de facteurs de risque et de protection sur des indicateurs de santé mentale." Thèse, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/20318.
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