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Journal articles on the topic 'Pleural fluid ADA'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 2 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Dewi, Pande Putu Ayu Patria, Aryati Aryati, Leonita Anniwati, and Isnin Anang Marhana. "CORRELATION BETWEEN ADENOSINE DEAMINASE ACTIVITY IN PLEURAL FLUID AND SERUM OF PATIENTS WITH PLEURAL EFFUSION." INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY 24, no. 2 (2018): 180. http://dx.doi.org/10.24293/ijcpml.v24i2.1321.

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Pleural effusion is an abnormal accumulation of fluid in the pleural space resulting from increased production of fluid or decreased resorption of fluid in the pleural space. Pleural effusion can be caused by infectious diseases, malignancies, collagen disease, gastrointestinal disease, heart disease and other causes such as medication. Adenosine Deaminase (ADA) is an enzyme involved in the catabolism of purines. This enzyme can be measured in pleural fluid, serum and other body fluids such as cerebrospinal and ascites fluid. The aim of this study was to analyze the correlation between adenosi

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2

Wibowo, Imam Mukti, and Sahrun. "Pasien Pleuritis TB Terkonfirmasi ADA Test Dengan Efusi Pleura Massif Yang Mendapat Penanganan Chest Tube, WSD, dan OAT." JURNAL RISET RUMPUN ILMU KEDOKTERAN 4, no. 1 (2025): 165–73. https://doi.org/10.55606/jurrike.v4i1.4555.

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Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the oldest infectious diseases that has existed throughout the history of human civilization and remains a major public health problem in the world today. Tuberculosis is caused by Mycobacterium Tuberculosis which can result in TB Pleuritis, which is inflammation of the pleura, both the parietal pleura and the visceral pleura, manifested by accumulation of fluid in the pleural cavity. A 20-year-old man came with complaints of coughing for the past 1 month, white phlegm, shortness of breath felt worse for the past 2 days, fever not too high for the past 1 week accomp

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3

Hazarika, Basanta, Suresh Sharma, Ritesh Kumar, and Jogesh Sarma. "Role of adenosine deaminase in monitoring tubercular pleural effusion." International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 6, no. 6 (2019): 2426. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20192285.

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Background: Tuberculosis is a common cause of pleural effusion especially in countries like India. ADA (adenosine deaminase) is predominantly an enzyme, that catalyses the conversion of adenosine to ionosine. Usually patients with tuberculous pleural effusion have ADA level >40 U/L.Methods: This is a prospective, observational study conducted in Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Gauhati Medical College and Hospital, Guwahati from September 2016 to September 2017. 45 patients with pleural fluid ADA levels >40 U/L were selected with diagnosis of tubercular pleural effusion. Pleural fluid w

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4

Duggal, Damanjit, Anand Yannawar, and Vinay Dharmadhikari. "PLEURAL FLUID ADA IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF PLEURAL EFFUSION." Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences 6, no. 60 (2017): 4421–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.14260/jemds/2017/956.

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5

Kate, Sachin, B. K. Mutha, Gauri Kulkarni, Chetan Mahajan, and Sushma Dugad. "Study of Diagnostic Importance of Adenosine Deaminase (ADA) Level in Pleural Effusions." MVP Journal of Medical Sciences 2, no. 2 (2015): 104. http://dx.doi.org/10.18311/mvpjms/2015/v2/i2/783.

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<strong>Introduction</strong>: Pleural effusion is the abnormal accumulation of fluid in the pleural space. TB is the most common cause of pleural effusion worldwide (30-60%). The pleural fluid activity of adenosine deaminase (ADA) is one of the best, providing reliable basis for a treatment decision, particularly in excluding the diagnosis of tuberculosis, due to its high sensitivity.<strong> Aims and Objectives</strong>: To assess the importance of adenosine deaminase(ADA) level in the diagnosis of pleural effusion. To assess Adenosine Deaminase Activity (ADA) in tube

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6

Dr, Saqib Jamal Dr Zeeshan Ahmed Solangi. "DIAGNOSTIC VALUES OF INTERLEUKINS 27, 35 AND ADA FOR TUBERCULOSIS PLEURAL EFFUSION: A REVIEW STUDY." INDO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES o6, no. 09 (2019): 11754–59. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3408367.

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<strong><em>Aim of review</em></strong><em>: This review sum up the current data regarding the accuracy of pleural fluid tests (ADA, IL27 and IL 35) in making the diagnosis of tuberculosis pleural effusion. </em> <strong><em>Recent findings:</em></strong><em> No pleural fluid test reliably rules-in TPE in settings with low TPE prevalence. ADA can reliably rule-out TPE in prevalences of less than 40% although in higher prevalences the product of interleukin-27 and ADA is the most accurate rule-out test. </em> <strong><em>Summary:</em></strong><em> The definite diagnosis of TPE requires the isol

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Anupam Patra, Ritabrata Mitra, Swapnendu Misra, Ankan Bandyopadhyay, Amitabha Sengupta, and Sudipta Pandit. "Role of Medical Thoracoscopy in undiagnosed exudative pleural effusion with low Adenosine Deaminase level: Prospective Observational study in a tertiary care hospital from Eastern India." International Journal of Science and Research Archive 13, no. 1 (2024): 636–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/ijsra.2024.13.1.1671.

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Background: Establishing the etiology of exudative pleural effusions in low ADA level (<40IU/L) often requires biopsies from the pleura. Medical thoracoscopy (MT) is a minimally invasive procedure performed under local anesthesia. Aim: To assess diagnostic yield of medical thoracoscopy in undiagnosed exudative pleural effusion with low ADA (<40 IU/L). To detect the association of pleural fluid ADA in different thoracoscopic diagnosis. Methods: This was a prospective observational study over a period of one year. Patients with undiagnosed exudative pleural effusion were enrolled in the st

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8

Uddin, Kazi Shihab, Md Mahbub Rashid Sarker, Md Abdur Razzaque, and Md Zulfikar Ali. "Pleural fluid cytology, biochemistry and adenosine deminase level study in differentiating tubercular and non tubercular causes of pleural effusion." KYAMC Journal 9, no. 1 (2018): 28–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/kyamcj.v9i1.36620.

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Background: Adenosine deaminase (ADA) level in pleural fluid study has gained popularity for quick diagnosis and treatment of tuberculous pleural effusion in tuberculosis burden countries. Studies have confirmed high sensitivity and specificity across the world. Pleural fluid cytology, biochemistry and malignant cell examinations are already in use and widely available.Objectives: Diagnostic approach to quickly differentiate between tubercular and non tubercular pleural effusions by analyzing cytology, biochemistry and ADA level.Materials & Methods: This study was carried out on 85 patient

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Shashidhara, K. C., Rajashekar Reddy, Savitha Vijayakumar, Jerin Abraham Joseph, and B. S. Meghana. "Evaluation of polymerase chain reaction and adenosine deaminase levels for rapid diagnosis of clinically suspected tuberculous pleural effusion." Current Medicine Research and Practice 14, no. 4 (2024): 150–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/cmrp.cmrp_227_23.

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ABSTRACT Background: Tuberculosis (TB) often leads to pleural effusion, particularly prevalent in developing nations such as India. There has been a global rise in TB cases. Although lymphocytic predominant fluid is commonly associated with tubercular pleural effusion, it is essential to note that not all lymphocytic predominant fluids indicate TB. The diagnosis of pleural TB has benefited significantly from the use of biochemical markers. Conventional bacteriological methods are not very useful in diagnosing tubercular effusion and rarely identify Mycobacterium tuberculosis in pleural fluid.

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10

Agarwal, Abhishek, Ahbab Hussain, Rajendra Prasad, Anand Verma, Amitabh Banka, and Tasleem Raza. "The advantage of PCR for MTB in comparison to ADA in diagnosing tubercular pleural effusion." International Journal of Advances in Medicine 5, no. 1 (2018): 131. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-3933.ijam20180071.

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Background: Tuberculosis continues to be an important health problem globally. The bacteriological confirmation of diagnosis in extrapulmonary tuberculosis patients is more difficult because most of the cases of extrapulmonary tuberculosis are paucibacillary in nature. In this study we have compared the pleural fluid ADA levels with PCR for MTB in pleural fluid to confirm the diagnosis of tuberculosis in the pleural fluid.Methods: The study was done over two years and a total of 106 patients with a clinico-radiological diagnosis of pleural effusion were enrolled for the study. The pleural flui

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11

Jia, Ur Rahman, Begum Farjana, Hazarikaa Basanta, and Jyoti Saikia Manash. "Utility of Pleural Fluid ADA/Serum CRP Ratio in Differentiating Tubercular Pleural Effusion and Parapneumonic Pleural Effusion." International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 16, no. 7 (2024): 663–68. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13119316.

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<strong>Background and Objectives:</strong> Tubercular pleural effusion (TPE) and Parapneumonic pleural effusion (PPE) are usually distinguished by cellular predominance and pleural fluid adenosine deaminase (ADA) levels. However, both diseases may occasionally show similar cellular predominance and moderate or high ADA levels. In such cases, differential diagnosis between TPE and PPE is challenging. Our objective is to assess the role of Pleural fluid ADA/Serum CRP ratio in differentiating TPE and PPE. <strong>Methods: </strong>This Hospital based Retrospective Case Control Stu

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12

Sai Deeksha, R., Basava, and Shraddha Acharya. "Comparison of Pleural Fluid Adenosine Deaminase with the Lactate Dehydrogenase/Adenosine Deaminase Ratio in Differentiating Tubercular Pleural Effusion from Non-tubercular Effusion." International Journal of Medicine and Health Development 30, no. 1 (2025): 75–79. https://doi.org/10.4103/ijmh.ijmh_59_24.

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Abstract Background: Pleural effusions are caused by various conditions, including tuberculosis and malignancies. Accurate differentiation between tuberculous pleural effusion (TPE) and non-tuberculous pleural effusion (NTPE) is crucial for effective treatment outcomes. While adenosine deaminase (ADA) levels are commonly used in diagnosing TPE, the pleural fluid LDH-to-ADA ratio is a potentially more accurate diagnostic marker. Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of the LDH-to-ADA ratio in distinguishing between TPE and NTPE, especially in cases of increased ADA levels. Materials and Meth

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13

Sanjay, Tandon, Singh Kushwaha Chandan, and Kapoor Anil. "Effect of Storage Time on Pleural Fluid Adenosine Deaminase Level." International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 15, no. 5 (2023): 415–21. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12554897.

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<strong>Background:</strong> It is essential to investigate why some clinicians are reporting low level of ADA (< 40 IU/L) in TB pleural fluid. We studied the effect of storage time at room temperature on pleural fluid ADA level. <strong>Methodology:</strong> This study was a cross-sectional observational study conducted at a tertiary care hospital on patients with pleural effusion over a period of 18 months. ADA estimation in the fluid was done within one hour of collection as well as after 24 hours of storage at room temperature. <strong>Results:</strong> The mean

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14

Amalia, Rizki Nur, and Isnu Pradjoko. "Nilai Diagnostik Adenosine Deaminase (ADA) Cairan Pleura pada Penderita Efusi Pleura Tuberkulosi." Jurnal Respirasi 2, no. 2 (2019): 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/jr.v2-i.2.2016.35-40.

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Background: Tuberculosis pleural effusion is the most common extrapulmonary TB after lymphadenitis TB. Limited diagnostic methods make TB pleural effusion hard to diagnose. Adenosine deaminase ADA is an enzyme in purin catabolism process which catalyze adenosine into inosine and deoksiadenosine into deoksiinosin. This process is important in lymphoid cell differentiation. ADA is elevated in TB pleural effusion. Method: This study was a cross sectional analytic observational. Statistic analysis was using two independent samples T test. ROC curve was used to determine cut off value of ADA. Kappa

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15

Wahid, Abdul, Afia Haque, and Mohammad Azam. "Validity of Adenosine Deaminase (ADA) Level in Pleural Fluid for the Diagnosis of Tuberculosis." Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences 17, no. 2 (2023): 299–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs2023172299.

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Introduction: The pleural fluid LDH/ADA ratio, which can be determined from routine biochemical analysis, is highly predictive of TPE at a cut-off level of 16.20. Measurement of this parameter may be helpful for clinicians in distinguishing between TPE and PPE. Despite wide variations in the reported sensitivity and specificity of pleural fluid ADA level, it can be used as a surrogate for pleural biopsy when the latter is not feasible. Adenosine deaminase (ADA) is the most cost-effective pleural fluid marker and is routinely used in high prevalence settings, whereas its value is questioned in

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Dr Rehbar Khan, Dr Mohsin Ali, and Dr Devendra Kumar Singh. "Effect of Laser Bio stimulation and Bone Graft in Treatment of a Large Periapical Lesion – A CBCT Analysis." IAR Journal of Medicine and Surgery Research 3, no. 4 (2022): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.47310/iarjmsr.2022.v03i04.01.

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India accounts for 23% of global TB burden. Of these 38% are of Extra Pulmonary Tuberculosis. Lymph node TB is the most common EPTB, pleural effusion is second most common type of EPTB in India. The bacteriological confirmation to diagnose EPTB is more difficult due to its paucibacillary nature. This study aims assessing the comparison of ADA with Gene- Xpert MTB RIF in pleural fluid in the diagnosis of tubercular pleural effusion. Study was a cross-sectional study carried out at the Department of Respiratory Medicine and Department of Internal Medicine, Muzaffarnagar Medical College, and Scho

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Rasheed, Haroon Ur, Ejaz Hassan Khan, Mohsin Shafi, Ahmad Rafiq, Ambreen Ali, and Syed Luqman Shuaib. "Diagnostic Accuracy of Adenosine deaminase enzyme (ADA) in the diagnosis of tuberculous pleural effusion." Journal of Rawalpindi Medical College 24, no. 4 (2020): 311–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.37939/jrmc.v24i4.1318.

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Objective: To study the diagnostic accuracy of Adenosine deaminase enzyme (ADA) in the diagnosis of tuberculous pleural effusion (TPE).Material and Methods: It was a cross-sectional descriptive study conducted in the Pulmonology departments of Lady Reading and Khyber Teaching Hospital Peshawar and department of Pathology, Khyber Medical College, Peshawar from April 2015 to Jan 2016. A total of 210 tuberculous and non-tuberculous pleural effusion patients were selected through consecutive non-probability sampling techniques. After physical and systemic examination, 3cc of pleural fluid was take

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Rasheed, Haroon Ur, Ejaz Hassan Khan, Mohsin Shafi, Ahmad Rafiq, Ambreen Ali, and Syed Luqman Shuaib. "Diagnostic Accuracy of Adenosine deaminase enzyme (ADA) in the diagnosis of tuberculous pleural effusion." Journal of Rawalpindi Medical College 24, no. 4 (2020): 311–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.37939/jrmc.v24i4.1318.

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Objective: To study the diagnostic accuracy of Adenosine deaminase enzyme (ADA) in the diagnosis of tuberculous pleural effusion (TPE).Material and Methods: It was a cross-sectional descriptive study conducted in the Pulmonology departments of Lady Reading and Khyber Teaching Hospital Peshawar and department of Pathology, Khyber Medical College, Peshawar from April 2015 to Jan 2016. A total of 210 tuberculous and non-tuberculous pleural effusion patients were selected through consecutive non-probability sampling techniques. After physical and systemic examination, 3cc of pleural fluid was take

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Malempati, Uma D., and Kusuma K. Medooru. "Evaluation of adenosine deaminase activity in serum and pleural fluid of pulmonary tuberculosis patients with pleural effusion." International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences 6, no. 10 (2018): 3358. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20184046.

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Background: In endemic regions, a high adenosine deaminase (ADA) activity in lymphocyte predominant exudate is a valuable adjunct in diagnostic evaluation and treatment initiation in tuberculous pleural effusion. Tuberculosis is highly endemic in India, requiring prompt diagnosis, effective treatment and control of the disease. The present study was aimed to evaluate the serum and pleural fluid ADA activities in pulmonary tuberculosis patients with pleural effusion.Methods: This study includes a total of 240 subjects; 40 pulmonary tuberculosis patients (PTB), 40 PTB with pleural effusion (PE),

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Shyam, B. K., Sujeet Kumar Shah, Sumit Pandey, Sushil Baral, and Sandeep Gupta. "Significance of Adenosine Deaminase in Diagnosing Tuberculous Pleural Effusion in Nepalgunj Medical College Teaching Hospital Kohalpur." Journal of Nepalgunj Medical College 14, no. 1 (2017): 21–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jngmc.v14i1.17489.

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Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is a major public health problem in developing countries including Nepal. One of the common presentations of TB is pleural effusion. The diagnosis of tubercular pleural effusion can be difficult because of the low rate of detecting tubercular bacilli by direct stain and culture of pleural fluid for acid-fast bacilli (AFB). Pleural biopsy can be useful but is invasive and requires experts. In this context, pleural fluid Adenosine Deaminase (ADA) level has been proposed as easy, cheap and highly sensitive test for diagnosis of TB pleural effusion.Objectives: The pre

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Bose, Indraneel, Jaydip Deb, Shilpi Adhikary, and Dibyendu Saha. "Diagnostic accuracy of combined pleural fluid adenosine deaminase and lymphocyte-to-neutrophil ratio versus CBNAAT/TrueNat in suspected tubercular pleural effusion patients." Journal of Association of Chest Physicians 13, no. 2 (2025): 47–50. https://doi.org/10.4103/jacp.jacp_19_24.

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Background: Although rapid cartridge- and chip-based assays such as CBNAAT and TrueNat provide precise and timely diagnosis of tubercular pleural effusion, their sensitivity in immunocompetent individuals remains lower than that of other pleural fluid markers. In a high-tuberculosis (TB)-prevalence regions, markedly elevated pleural fluid adenosine deaminase (ADA) combined with strong clinical suspicion can justify treatment initiation. In low-prevalence areas, ADA retains a high negative predictive value (NPV) but its positive predictive value declines. By contrast, the combined use of pleura

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Indhu, S., S. Mohanraj, Vishnu Chaitanya, and B. M. S. Patrudu. "Role of Pleural Fluid Lactate Dehydrogenase to Adenosine Deaminase Ratio in the Etiological Differentiation of Exudative Pleural Effusion." Journal of Association of Pulmonologist of Tamil Nadu 7, no. 2 (2024): 48–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/japt.japt_8_24.

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Abstract Background: Although pleural fluid adenosine deaminase (ADA) level >70 U/L suggestive tuberculous pleural effusion (TPE). High ADA levels can also be seen in pneumonia, empyema, lymphoma, malignancy, and rheumatoid pleuritis. Elevated pleural fluid lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) is seen in tubercular pleural effusion (TPE), parapneumonic pleural effusion (PPE), and malignant pleural effusion (MPE). Therefore, it is challenging distinguish between TPE, PPE, and MPE based on elevated pleural fluid ADA and LDH levels. In this study, we evaluated the use of pleural fluid LDH/ADA ratio as

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H. J., Gayathri Devi, and Sujith H. "Utility of pleural fluid adenosine deaminase in diagnosing tubercular pleural effusion: a prospective observational study in a tertiary care hospital." International Journal of Advances in Medicine 6, no. 6 (2019): 1711. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-3933.ijam20195182.

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Background: The diagnosis of Tubercular (TB) pleural effusion continues to be a challenge in clinical practice, as traditional diagnostic methods are useful but do not provide enough sensitivity and specificity.Methods: This was a prospective observational study carried out at Tertiary care Hospital with study population of 76 patients. Etiological diagnosis was based on clinical history with radiological imaging, biochemical and cytological examination of pleural fluid. Pleural fluid ADA was used as a biomarker for the diagnosis of tubercular pleural effusion.Results: The study included 76 pa

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Abhilok, Kumar Jha, Kumar Singh Praveen, and Chandra Jha Umesh. "Diagnostic Value of Pleural Fluid Adenosine Deaminase in Tubercular Pleural Effusion Diagnosis: A Prospective Observational Study." International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 16, no. 6 (2024): 1072–77. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12739774.

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<strong>Background: </strong>In clinical practice, diagnosing Tubercular (TB) pleural effusion remains difficult since conventional diagnostic techniques are helpful but insufficiently sensitive and specific. <strong>Methods: </strong>This was a prospective observational study carried out at DMCH, Laheriasarai, Bihar with study population of 76 patients. Etiological diagnosis was based on clinical history with radiological imaging, biochemical and cytological examination of pleural fluid. Pleural fluid ADA was used as a biomarker for the diagnosis of tubercular pleural effusion.

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Ashish, Jain, Pandey* Chetan, Sharma Pandey Archana, Dutta Pritha, and Jain RJ. "Effect of 24 Hours Storage at Different Temperature on Pleural Fluid ADA (Adenosine Deaminase) Level." International Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences-IJPBS 13, no. 2 (2023): 113–16. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8129772.

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Adenosine deaminase, an enzyme produced from lymphocyte and involved in purine metabolism has been extensively studied as a biochemical marker in pleural fluid during investigation for tropical pulmonary eosinophilia. The test assay, low priced, quick, barely forwarded, and can be performed in most laboratories its major physiological role is related to the proliferation and distinction of lymph cell. Pleural fluid of tuberculate start is generally lymph cell preponderant. Different cut off values of Adenosine Deaminase ranging from 30-100 IU/ L have been used in various studies with differing

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Eruku, Dr Baburao, and Ch Praveen Kumar. "The diagnostic value of ADA, ADA2, and interferon gamma in pleural fluid in tuberculous pleural effusion." International Journal of Advanced Research in Medicine 1, no. 2 (2019): 168–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.22271/27069567.2019.v1.i2b.433.

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Barillo, Jorge Luiz, Cyro Teixeira da Silva Junior, Patricia Siqueira Silva, et al. "Increased Cytokeratin 19 Fragment Levels Are Positively Correlated with Adenosine Deaminase Activity in Malignant Pleural Effusions from Adenocarcinomas." Disease Markers 2018 (2018): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/2609767.

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Adenosine deaminase (ADA) and cytokeratin 19 (CK19) are known pleural biomarkers. Although ADA in humans functions mainly in the immune system, it also appears to be associated with the differentiation of epithelial cells. Keratin filaments are important structural stabilizers of epithelial cells and potent biomarkers in epithelial differentiation. This study aimed to investigate the simultaneous presence of the ADA enzyme and CK19 fragments to assess epithelial differentiation in malignant and benign pleural fluids. Diagnosis of the cause of pleural effusion syndrome was confirmed by means of

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Pande, K., S. Shrestha, A. Shrestha, et al. "Role of pleural fluid adenosine deaminase activity and lymphocytosis in the etiological diagnosis." Journal of Pathology of Nepal 6, no. 12 (2016): 1008–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jpn.v6i12.16290.

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Background: Pleural effusion is a common medical condition with many possible underlying etiologies. However, Tuberculosis is the most common cause of pleural effusion especially in countries like Nepal. Pleural uid lymphocytosis is seen in tuberculosis, malignancy and few auto-immune diseases. Adenosine Deaminase activity (ADA) level in tubercular pleural effusion is markedly increased compared to non-tubercular effusions. ADA estimation being a simple colorimetric method is suitable for the rapid diagnosis of tubercular effusion. This study aims to correlate the diagnostic ef cacy of ADA wit

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Teke, Turgut. "New Biomarkers Used in the Diagnosis of Tuberculosis-Related Pleural Effusions." Journal of Pediatric Infectious Diseases 15, no. 03 (2020): 113–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1702216.

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AbstractTuberculosis-related pleural effusion (TPE) is reported in 12 to 38% of thoracic tuberculosis (TB) cases in the pediatric population. In TPE, the pleural fluid bacilli load is very low, generally resulting in negative acid-fast bacill (AFB) staining and Mycobacterium culture. In the pleural fluid, AFB stain positivity is reported in <20%, and Mycobacterium tuberculosis positive culture in 18 to 38%. In childhood, this ratio is even lower. Also, pleural effusion (PE) mycobacterial culture gives late results (2–8 weeks). Therefore, TPE is diagnosed with pleura biopsy and pleural liqui

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Abdugapparov, Fazlkhan, Lochin Mamatov, and Dauranbek Ongarbayev. "Tuberculous Pleurisy: the role of the ADA Enzyme in Diagnosis and Treatment Outcomes." Biomedical and Pharmacology Journal 17, no. 4 (2024): 2585–92. https://doi.org/10.13005/bpj/3050.

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Extrapulmonary TB, representing nearly 15% of the global TB burden, is more difficult to diagnose. Tuberculous pleural effusion (TPE), one of the commonest forms of extrapulmonary TB, is a diagnostic challenge with rather poor microbiologic confirmation rates from pleural fluid analysis2,3. Even diagnostic tools like CBNAAT and interferon-gamma release assays have shown suboptimal diagnostic accuracy4,5. Adenosine deaminase (ADA), an enzyme produced from lymphocytes and involved in purine metabolism, has been extensively studied as a biochemical marker in pleural fluid during investigation for

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Paudel, YP, AK Kasyap, Y. Dongol, RK Shrestha, B. Aryal, and D. Kafle. "Pleural Fluid Adenosine Deaminase (ADA) Level in Tuberculous Pleurisy." Journal of Chitwan Medical College 3, no. 3 (2013): 26–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jcmc.v3i3.8634.

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Adenosine Deaminase (ADA) is used as a well established biological marker for diagnosis of tuberculous pleuritis. The aim of this study was to assess the sensitivity and specificity of ADA in patients with pleural effusion admitted in the medical ward. This was an cross sectional study. The information was gathered only from those patients whose pleural fluid sample was sent for ADA in clinical biochemistry laboratory of KIST Medical College and Teaching hospital. The data was acquired from the medical records of patients attending medical ward. The patients were considered as TB positive if t

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Tarigan, Lupita Yessica, and Deddy Iskandar. "Pemeriksaan Adenosine Deaminase (ADA) sebagai Alternatif Diagnosis TB pada Anak." Cermin Dunia Kedokteran 49, no. 7 (2022): 382–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.55175/cdk.v49i7.253.

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Pendahuluan. Diagnosis tuberkulosis (TB) pada anak merupakan masalah tersendiri karena manifestasi klinis yang beragam dan tidak tersedianya standar baku penegakan diagnosis. Kasus. Anak perempuan usia 6 tahun, dengan klinis demam, batuk, dan sesak napas. Pada pemeriksaan fisik didapatkan penurunan suara napas di rongga dada kanan. Hasil pemeriksaan radiologi didukung ultrasonografi tampak gambaran efusi pleura kanan yang sebagian sudah terorganisasi. Hasil uji laboratorium didapatkan leukositosis dan hasil tes IGRA negatif. Analisis cairan pleura menunjukkan peningkatan kadar adenosine deamin

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Kumar, Avdhesh, Brijesh Kumar, Sanjay Kumar Verma, et al. "A study to know the various causes of pleural effusion and role of pleural fluid adenosine deaminase enzyme in tuberculous pleural effusion." International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences 8, no. 4 (2020): 1231. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20201099.

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Background: India has the maximum burden of both non MDR tuberculosis (TB) and Multidrug-Resistant (MDR) TB, as per data reported in Global TB Report 2018 and tuberculosis is remains one of the most common cause of pleural effusions.Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted in Department of Respiratory Diseases and a total of 110 patients with pleural effusion were included in the study, which were enrolled for treatment from July 2018 to June 2019.Results: One hundred and ten patients with pleural effusion were enrolled during the study period. There were 65 males (59%) and 45 (40.9

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Dyakova, M. E., O. L. Rubtsova, D. S. Esmedlyaeva, and P. K. Yablonskiy. "Evaluation of Diagnostic Efficacy of Pleural Fluid Biomarkers in Pleurisy of Various Etiologies." Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases 103, no. 1 (2025): 54–59. https://doi.org/10.58838/2075-1230-2025-103-1-54-59.

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The objective: to evaluate diagnostic efficacy of adenosine deaminase and other biochemical markers (total protein, glucose, and lactate dehydrogenase) in pleural fluid in pleurisy of various etiologies.Subjects and Methods. The following parameters in pleural fluid and clinical data of 89 patients with pleural effusion of various etiologies were retrospectively analyzed: tuberculous (TBP), metastatic (MP) and other (OP) pleurisy. In the pleural fluid, the activity of ADA, lactate dehydrogenase (LDG), levels of total protein (TP), and glucose (Glu) were assessed.Results. ADA activity was stati

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Islam, Md Rafiqul. "The Impact Profile and Adenosine Deaminase of Age and Female Sex on Its Level in Patients with Pleural Effusion Syndrome." Global Academic Journal of Medical Sciences 6, no. 02 (2024): 66–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.36348/gajms.2024.v06i02.004.

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Background: Pleural fluid analysis and closed pleural biopsy are integral parts in the investigative work up of an exudative pleural effusion. For diagnosis of tuberculous pleural effusion (TPE), the yield of pleural fluid culture for mycobacteria is low at about 36%. Objective: To evaluate the levels of adenosine deaminase (ADA) in the pleural fluids (P-ADA) of untreated and non-surgically manipulated female and male adult patients with several confirmed causes of PES. Methods: This was an observational study conducted at dept. of Internal Medicine, 250 Bedded Mohammad Ali Hospital, Bogura, B

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Terra, Ricardo Mingarini, Leila Antonangelo, Alessandro Wasum Mariani, Ricardo Lopes Moraes de Oliveira, Lisete Ribeiro Teixeira, and Paulo Manuel Pego-Fernandes. "Pleural Fluid Adenosine Deaminase (ADA) Predicts Survival in Patients with Malignant Pleural Effusion." Lung 194, no. 4 (2016): 681–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00408-016-9891-2.

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Maranhão, Bernardo Henrique Ferraz, Cyro Teixeira da Silva Junior, Jorge Luiz Barillo, et al. "Diagnostic Accuracy with Total Adenosine Deaminase as a Biomarker for Discriminating Pleural Transudates and Exudates in a Population-Based Cohort Study." Disease Markers 2021 (April 10, 2021): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6648535.

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Background. An initial step in the evaluation of patients with pleural effusion syndrome (PES) is to determine whether the pleural fluid is a transudate or an exudate. Objectives. To investigate total adenosine deaminase (ADA) as a biomarker to classify pleural transudates and exudates. Methods. An assay of total ADA in pleural fluids (P-ADA) was observed using a commercial kit in a population-based cohort study. Results. 157 pleural fluid samples were collected from untreated individuals with PES due to several causes. The cause most prevalent in transudate samples (21%, n = 33 / 157 ) was co

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Tarigan, Lupita Yessica, and Deddy Iskandar. "Pemeriksaan Adenosine Deaminase (ADA) sebagai Alternatif Diagnosis TB pada Anak." Cermin Dunia Kedokteran 49, no. 7 (2022): 382. http://dx.doi.org/10.55175/cdk.v49i7.1935.

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<p>Pendahuluan. Diagnostik tuberkulosis (TB) pada anak merupakan masalah tersendiri karena manifestasi klinis yang beragam dan tidak tersedianya standar baku penegakan diagnosis. Kasus. Anak perempuan usia 6 tahun, dengan klinis demam, batuk, dan sesak nafas. Pada pemeriksaan fisik didapatkan penurunan suara napas di rongga dada kanan. Hasil pemeriksaan radiologis didukung ultrasonografi tampak gambaran efusi pleura kanan yang sebagian sudah terorganisasi. Hasil uji laboratorium didapatkan leukositosis dan hasil tes IGRA negatif. Analisis cairan pleura menunjukkan peningkatan kadar adeno

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Dr. Pamarthi Nagarjuna, Dr. N Madhusudan Babu, and Dr. K Sudheer. "To Study the Combined Use of Pleural Fluid Lymphocyte / Neutrophil Ratio and ADA for the Diagnosis of Tuberculous Pleural Effusion." International Journal of Scientific Research in Science and Technology 11, no. 4 (2024): 01–04. http://dx.doi.org/10.32628/ijsrst2411348.

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INTRODUCTION - Pleural effusion is the abnormal collection of fluid in the pleural space. It is classified into exudates and transudates based on Light's criteria. Among the extra pulmonary presentations after tuberculous lymphadenitis, pleural TB is the second frequent. Although many biochemical parameters, such as lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), C-reactive protein (CRP), adenosine deaminase (ADA), interferon-gamma, and procalcitonin levels have been studied in the context of the diagnosis of exudative pleural effusion, its diagnosis is still challenging. AIMS & OBJECTIVES- To determine whet

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Amer, Ahmed M., Kareeman G. Mohamed, Passant A. Shibel, and Hussein E. Fayiad. "Role of cancer ratio (serum LDH/pleural ADA) and carcinoembryonic antigen in diagnosis of malignant pleural effusion." Egyptian Journal of Chest Diseases and Tuberculosis 73, no. 2 (2024): 132–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/ecdt.ecdt_75_23.

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Abstract Background Pleural effusion may be malignant or nonmalignant, Cytology has been used in malignant pleural effusion (MPE) diagnosis due to its high specificity. Its sensitivity is about 0.6. Cancer ratio (CR) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) may be used in MPE diagnosis. Aim Evaluate the role of CR and CEA as diagnostic markers of MPE and their role in differentiating different types of MPE. Patients and methods This cross-sectional study included 70 patients with pleural effusion admitted to Chest Department, Kasr Alainy Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University. Thirty-five patients ha

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V, Sumalatha, Maruthi Prasad, and Basavaraju TJ. "Evaluating the efficacy of adenosine deaminase in pleural fluid as an early indicator for tuberculous pleural effusion." National Journal of Physiology, Pharmacy and Pharmacology 14, no. 1 (2023): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5455/njppp.2023.13.11538202321122023.

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Background: Tuberculous pleural effusion (TPE) is a prominent clinical manifestation of extrapulmonary tuberculosis (TB). Traditional diagnostic markers often face challenges in sensitivity or specificity, necessitating the exploration of newer, more effective biomarkers. Aims and Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic potential of adenosine deaminase (ADA) in pleural fluid as an early indicator for TPE and to analyze its correlation with interferongamma (IFNγ) levels. Materials and Methods: We conducted a case–control study involving 100 patients: 50 diagnosed with TPE (cases

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S.P., Vengada Krishnaraj, Gayathri S. Mohan, Vinod Kumar V, and Sridhar R. "Diagnostic Value of Flexible Thoracoscopy in Undiagnosed Cases of Exudative Pleural Effusion." Journal of Evidence Based Medicine and Healthcare 7, no. 47 (2020): 2783–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.18410/jebmh/2020/571.

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BACKGROUND The diagnostic yield of thoracoscopy is 95 %, of pleural fluid cytology it is 62 % and of closed pleural biopsy is 44 %, in malignant effusion. We wanted to study the diagnostic utility of flexible thoracoscopy in undiagnosed exudative pleural effusion and compare the thoracoscopy findings with the histopathology results. METHODS The study was conducted in the Department of Respiratory Medicine, Government Stanley Medical College, Chennai, from January 2019 to January 2020. 40 patients were enrolled in this longitudinal observational study with moderate to massive effusion and were

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Singh, Jaspreet, Khushdeep Singh, Rincal Saini, Umesh Kumar, Shiv Sharma, and Harvinder Singh. "Diagnostic role of different biochemical parameters in pleural effusion." International Journal of Clinical Biochemistry and Research 9, no. 4 (2022): 291–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.18231/j.ijcbr.2022.057.

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A pleural effusion, an excessive accumulation of fluid in the pleural space, indicates an imbalance between pleural fluid formation and removal. For diagnosing and treatment plan, pleural effusions have to be classified into transudate and exudate. The aim of present study was to analyze various biochemical parameters (LDH, pH, Glucose, Triglycerides, Cholesterol, Creatinine, Amylase and ADA) in pleural fluid and to correlate these Biochemical parameters with diagnosis of the patients. The study was a hospital based descriptive study. The study was conducted over a period of one year on 100 sa

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Goyal, Amit, Amanpreet Kaur, and N. C. Kajal. "Diagnostic value of pleural fluid adenosine deaminase level in patients of tubercular pleural effusion." International Journal of Advances in Medicine 8, no. 1 (2020): 93. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-3933.ijam20205479.

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Background: The diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB) continues to be a challenge in clinical practice. Traditional diagnostic methods are very useful but don't provide enough sensitivity and specificity. Adenosine deaminase (ADA) has been developed and widely used for the diagnosis of TB. This article reviews the characteristics, metabolism and clinical uses of ADA for the diagnosis of TB in clinical practices.Methods: This study was carried out in the department of chest and TB, GMC, Amritsar, Punjab, India. In this study total 50 who attended outpatient department (OPD) and indoor patients of adul

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Muhammad Zainul A, Fajrinur Syahrani, Parluhutan Siagian, and Putri Chairani Eyanoer. "Diagnostic Accuracy of Gene X-pert MTB/RIF for Tuberculous Pleural Effusion Compared to Adenosine Deaminase (ADA) at Haji Adam Malik General Hospital Medan." Sumatera Medical Journal 2, no. 2 (2019): 79–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.32734/sumej.v2i2.1067.

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Indonesia is one of the few countries in the world with very high burden of tuberculosis (TB). Tubercular pleural effusion (Pleural TB) is the most common form of extra-pulmonary TB, however the remains a common clinical challenge. This research from May 2017 through September 2017 a total of 42 patients with exudative lymphocytic pleural effusions suspected to pleural tuberculosis were enrolled in this study. Adenosine deaminase (ADA) and Gene X-pert were examined from pleural fluid. Diagnosis was made clinically or based from sputum/pleural fluid culture. The result of this research showed o

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International, Journal of Medical Science and Innovative Research (IJMSIR). "A Cross Sectional Study to Determine The Efficacy of Serum LDH: Pleural Fluid Ada Ratio As A Biomarker of Malignant Pleural Effusion in IRD, SMS Medical College, Jaipur." International Journal of Medical Science and Innovative Research (IJMSIR) 9, no. 4 (2024): 151–58. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15422923.

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<strong>Abstract</strong> <strong>Introduction</strong>: The malignant pleural effusion is one of the most common causes of exudative pleural effusion. There is no accurate and commonly accepted biochemical marker of MPE, hence using common parameters two ratio serum LDH: pleural fluid ADA (cancer ratio) and cancer ratio: pleural fluid lymphocyte count (cancer ratio plus) derived and their efficacy in identification of MPE is studied. <strong>Methods</strong>: 60 undiagnosed pleural effusion patients were studied in a hospital based cross sectional observational analytical study. The values of

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Goto, Masashi, Yoshinori Noguchi, Hiroshi Koyama, Kenji Hira, Takuro Shimbo, and Tsuguya Fukui. "Diagnostic value of adenosine deaminase in tuberculous pleural effusion: a meta-analysis." Annals of Clinical Biochemistry: International Journal of Laboratory Medicine 40, no. 4 (2003): 374–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/000456303766477011.

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Background: Many studies have investigated the usefulness of adenosine deaminase activity (ADA) in pleural fluid for the early diagnosis of tuberculous pleurisy. To summarize the diagnostic characteristics of ADA we undertook a meta-analysis using a summary receiver operating characteristic (SROC) curve method. Methods: Data sources were MEDLINE (1966-1999), the Cochrane Library and bibliographies of review and original articles. Studies were included if the absolute numbers of true positive, false negative, true negative and false positive observations were available or could be derived from

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Villena, V., J. A. Navarro-Gonzálvez, C. García-Benayas, et al. "Rapid automated determination of adenosine deaminase and lysozyme for differentiating tuberculous and nontuberculous pleural effusions." Clinical Chemistry 42, no. 2 (1996): 218–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/42.2.218.

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Abstract The catalytic concentration of pleural adenosine deaminase (ADA) and the ratio of pleural lysozyme (PL) to serum lysozyme (SL) were measured in consecutive patients (49 tuberculous and 179 nontuberculous) with two automated procedures in a Hitachi 717 analyzer. Using sensitivity and specificity curves, we established cutoff values at 33 U/L for ADA and 1.7 for the PL/SL ratio. The sensitivity of ADA activities for tuberculous effusion was 90%, specificity 85%. Combining ADA with the PL/SL ratio enhanced specificity to 99%. However, high values for ADA and lysozyme ratios are not, alon

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Chung, W., Y. Jung, K. Lee, J. Park, S. Sheen, and K. Park. "CXCR3 ligands in pleural fluid as markers for the diagnosis of tuberculous pleural effusion." International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease 21, no. 12 (2017): 1300–1306. http://dx.doi.org/10.5588/ijtld.17.0232.

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SETTING: A tertiary care academic medical centre.OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical usefulness of C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 3 (CXCR3) ligands in tuberculous pleural effusion (TPE).DESIGN: We recruited 336 patients with pleural effusion due to various causes. Concentrations of interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) and the CXCR3 ligands CXCL9 and CXCL11 were determined using enzyme immunoassays; adenosine deaminase (ADA) activity was measured in pleural fluid and serum.RESULTS: TPE was diagnosed in 106 patients. Non-TB conditions included lung cancer (n = 95), para-pneumonic effusion (n = 52), non-lung

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Aggarwal, Ashutosh Nath, Ritesh Agarwal, Sahajal Dhooria, Kuruswamy Thurai Prasad, Inderpaul Singh Sehgal, and Valliappan Muthu. "Comparative accuracy of pleural fluid unstimulated interferon-gamma and adenosine deaminase for diagnosing pleural tuberculosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis." PLOS ONE 16, no. 6 (2021): e0253525. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0253525.

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Objective We compared diagnostic accuracy of pleural fluid adenosine deaminase (ADA) and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) in diagnosing tuberculous pleural effusion (TPE) through systematic review and comparative meta-analysis. Methods We queried PubMed and Embase databases to identify studies providing paired data for sensitivity and specificity of both pleural fluid ADA and IFN-γ for diagnosing TPE. We used hierarchical summary receiver operating characteristic (HSROC) plots and HSROC meta-regression to model individual and comparative diagnostic performance of the two tests. Results We retrieved 37

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