To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Pleural fluids.
Journal articles on the topic 'Pleural fluids'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'Pleural fluids.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Akarsu, Saadet, A. Nese Citak Kurt, Yasar Dogan, Erdal Yilmaz, Ahmet Godekmerdan, and A. Denizmen Aygun. "The Differential Diagnostic Values of Cytokine Levels in Pleural Effusions." Mediators of Inflammation 2005, no. 1 (2005): 2–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/mi.2005.2.
Full textAbstract:
The aim is to examine whether the changes in pleural fluid interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-2, IL-6, and IL-8 levels were significant in differential diagnosis of childhood pleural effusions. IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6, and IL-8 levels in pleural fluids of all 36 patients were measured. The levels of IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6, and IL-8 in pleural fluids were statistically significantly higher in the transudate group compared with those of the exudate group. The levels of IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-8 were also found to be statistically significantly higher in the empyema group compared with both the parapneumonic and the tuberculous pleural effusion groups. The levels of IL-2 and IL-6 were detected to be statistically significantly higher in the tuberculous pleural effusion group in comparison with those of the parapneumonic effusion group. The results showed that pleural fluids IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6, and IL-8 could be used in pleural fluids exudate and transudate distinction.
2
Chan, Michael H. M., Kai Ming Chow, Anthony T. C. Chan, et al. "Quantitative Analysis of Pleural Fluid Cell-free DNA as a Tool for the Classification of Pleural Effusions." Clinical Chemistry 49, no. 5 (2003): 740–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1373/49.5.740.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Background: Recently, much interest has been focused on the quantification of DNA in miscellaneous body fluids. In this study, the application is extended to classifying pleural effusions by measuring cell-free DNA in pleural fluid. Methods: We recruited 50 consecutive patients with pleural effusions with informed consent. Pleural fluids were centrifuged at 13 000g, with supernatants aliquoted for extraction and analysis of β-globin DNA sequence by quantitative real-time PCR. Serum and pleural fluid biochemistries were performed to classify pleural effusions using the modified criteria of Light et al. (Ann Intern Med 1972;77:507–13). The ROC curve was plotted to determine the cutoff DNA concentration for classifying pleural fluids as transudates or exudates. Indicators of diagnostic accuracy were calculated for both pleural fluid DNA and modified criteria of Light et al., using the discharge, microbiologic, and histologic diagnoses as the reference standard. Results: The area under the ROC curve was 0.95 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.84–0.99]. At 509 genome-equivalents/mL, pleural fluid DNA alone correctly classified 46 of 50 pleural effusions with 91% sensitivity (95% CI, 76–98%), 88% specificity (95% CI, 64–98%), and positive and negative likelihood ratios of 7.7 (95% CI, 3.1–19.5) and 0.10 (95% CI, 0.04–0.27), respectively. With the modified criteria of Light et al., 43 of 50 pleural effusions were correctly classified with 97% sensitivity (95% CI, 91–100%) and 67% specificity (95% CI, 45–89%). There were significant correlations between cell-free DNA and both lactate dehydrogenase and total protein in pleural fluid, suggesting their common origin. Conclusions: Pleural fluid DNA concentrations are markedly increased in exudative effusions, making it a potential new tool to evaluate the etiologic causes of pleural effusions.
3
Wibowo, Imam Mukti, and Sahrun. "Pasien Pleuritis TB Terkonfirmasi ADA Test Dengan Efusi Pleura Massif Yang Mendapat Penanganan Chest Tube, WSD, dan OAT." JURNAL RISET RUMPUN ILMU KEDOKTERAN 4, no. 1 (2025): 165–73. https://doi.org/10.55606/jurrike.v4i1.4555.
Full textAbstract:
Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the oldest infectious diseases that has existed throughout the history of human civilization and remains a major public health problem in the world today. Tuberculosis is caused by Mycobacterium Tuberculosis which can result in TB Pleuritis, which is inflammation of the pleura, both the parietal pleura and the visceral pleura, manifested by accumulation of fluid in the pleural cavity. A 20-year-old man came with complaints of coughing for the past 1 month, white phlegm, shortness of breath felt worse for the past 2 days, fever not too high for the past 1 week accompanied by cold sweats at night. The patient feels that it is difficult to gain weight and tends to lose weight this month. Chest X-ray show left massive pleural effusion. Acid fast baccili sputum was negative. USG Thorax show pleural fluids approximately 1600 cc. Tuberculosis (TB) can cause TB pleutiritis with symptoms of shortness of breath and sometimes chest pain on the side of the pleural cavity where there is fluid.3 Treatment of TB Pleuritis is the same as the treatment of pulmonary TB in general with the 2RHZE/4RH combination. Optimal fluid evacuation is carried out according to the patient's condition.
4
Shimokata, K., Y. Totani, K. Nakanishi, et al. "Diagnostic value of cancer antigen 15-3 (CA15-3) detected by monoclonal antibodies (115D8 and DF3) in exudative pleural effusions." European Respiratory Journal 1, no. 4 (1988): 341–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/09031936.93.01040341.
Full textAbstract:
Pleural fluid levels of the cancer antigen 15-3 (CA15-3) detected by monoclonal antibodies (115D8 and DF3) were determined in 40 patients with carcinomatous pleural effusions and in 41 patients with tuberculous pleural effusions. Using a cut off level of 16 U/ml, 15 of the 40 carcinomatous fluids but none of the 41 tuberculous fluids were positive. Pleural fluid levels of CA15-3 were not correlated with those of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) or carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9). Combined assay of CEA and CA15-3, or CA19-9 and CA15-3, increased the positive rate from 79 to 82% and from 67 to 73%, respectively. Measurement of pleural fluid CA15-3 levels are less useful in separating carcinomatous from tuberculous effusions than is measurement of CEA or CA19-9.
5
Pandey, Deepmala, and Ankur Yadav. "Incidence of rifampicin resistance, HIV status and efficacy of fluid analysis among tuberculosis suspect pediatric cases." International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics 6, no. 4 (2019): 1690. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20192778.
Full textAbstract:
Background: Body fluids are commonly used for diagnosis as sputum is not reliable in children. Hence it is essential to study efficacy of body fluids in comparison to GeneXpert which is a new diagnostic modality. Objectives of this study was to incidence of rifampicin resistance, HIV status and efficacy of fluid analysis among tuberculosis suspect pediatric cases.Methods: Present study was hospital based cross sectional study carried out over a period of two years at Department of Pediatrics, ACPM Medical College and Hospital from February 2016 to January 2018 among children with suspected tuberculosis. Rifampicin resistance was determined by using GeneXpert. Body fluids like CSF, pleural fluid, gastric aspirate etc were analyzed and compared with GeneXpert results.Results: Rifampicin resistance was present in 5 cases i.e. 3.3%. 15.15% Patients were HIV positive and in them 12 were GeneXpert positive with 1 Rif resistance. Different Fluid analysis showed maximum positivity with pleural fluid >TB Lymphadenitis >TBM. GeneXpert done on different body fluids showed extra case detection in different fluid analysis negative patients i.e. 28.6% extra case detection in CSF (2 cases), 87.9% in gastric aspirate (25 cases), 85.4% in induced sputum (35 cases), 14.3% in Lymph node aspirate (1 case), 50% in pleural fluid (2 case).Conclusions: : Rifampicin resistance found in present study is alarming. Among body fluids, FNAC, CSF and pleural fluids can be used reliably for diagnosis of tuberculosis where GeneXpert is not available.
6
Delpuech, P., G. Desch, and F. Fructus. "Fibronectin is unsuitable as a tumor marker in pleural effusions." Clinical Chemistry 35, no. 1 (1989): 166–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/35.1.166.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract We studied 75 patients with nonmalignant pleural effusions (50 with pneumopathy, 16 with pulmonary tuberculosis, and nine with congestive heart failure) and 33 patients with malignant pleural effusions. We selected 105 mg/L as the most suitable cutoff concentration of fibronectin for distinguishing between the two groups. We found high concentrations of fibronectin in 21 of the 33 patients with malignant pleural fluid but also in 37 of the 75 patients with nonmalignant pleural fluid. Evidently, measuring fibronectin in pleural fluid will not help in differentiating nonmalignant from malignant pleural fluids (diagnostic accuracy: 55%).
7
Dewi, Pande Putu Ayu Patria, Aryati Aryati, Leonita Anniwati, and Isnin Anang Marhana. "CORRELATION BETWEEN ADENOSINE DEAMINASE ACTIVITY IN PLEURAL FLUID AND SERUM OF PATIENTS WITH PLEURAL EFFUSION." INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY 24, no. 2 (2018): 180. http://dx.doi.org/10.24293/ijcpml.v24i2.1321.
Full textAbstract:
Pleural effusion is an abnormal accumulation of fluid in the pleural space resulting from increased production of fluid or decreased resorption of fluid in the pleural space. Pleural effusion can be caused by infectious diseases, malignancies, collagen disease, gastrointestinal disease, heart disease and other causes such as medication. Adenosine Deaminase (ADA) is an enzyme involved in the catabolism of purines. This enzyme can be measured in pleural fluid, serum and other body fluids such as cerebrospinal and ascites fluid. The aim of this study was to analyze the correlation between adenosine deaminase activity in pleural fluid and serum in patients with pleural effusion. This research was an observational study with a cross-sectional design. Examination of ADA activity was performed in pleural fluid and serum. Adenosine deaminase activity was examined using photometric methods (Non-Giusti), using Diazyme reagent by TMS 24i Premium. Subjects were 46 patients with pleural effusion caused by malignancies, tuberculosis and systemic diseases. Mean±SD ADA activity for all pleural effusion samples in serum was 13.037± 8.365 (0.5-34.1) U//L and pleural fluid 30.843± 28.860 U//L (1.3-140.8). No correlation between ADA activity in serum and pleural fluid (r=0.173, p= 0.252) was found in all samples. No correlation between ADA activity in serum and pleural fluis was found in malignancies (r=0.109, p=0.630), tuberculosis (r= 0.366, p=0.123), systemic diseases (r =0.466, p=0.429) and non-tuberculosis group (r=0.126, p=0.532). There was no correlation between pleural fluid ADA activity and serum.
8
Doub, James B., and Nicole Putnam. "Clinical Ramifications of Bacterial Aggregation in Pleural Fluid." Infectious Disease Reports 16, no. 4 (2024): 608–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/idr16040046.
Full textAbstract:
Background: Bacterial aggregation has been well described to occur in synovial fluid, but it is unknown if bacteria form aggregates in body fluids beyond the synovial fluid. Consequently, this translational study evaluated the ability to form bacterial aggregates in different pleural fluids. Methods: Four of the most common causes of thoracic empyema—Streptococcus mitis, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa—were used here. The different pleural fluids included one transudative and two exudative pleural fluids. Twenty-four-well microwell plates were used to form the aggregates with the aid of an incubating shaker at different dynamic conditions (120 RPM, 30 RPM, and static). The aggregates were then visualized with SEM and evaluated for antibiotic resistance and the ability of tissue plasminogen activator (TPA) to dissolve the aggregates. Statistical comparisons were made between the different groups. Results: Bacterial aggregates formed at high shaking speeds in all pleural fluid types, but no aggregates were seen in TSB. When a low shaking speed (30 RPM) was used, only exudative pleural fluid with a high protein content formed aggregates. No aggregates formed under static conditions. Furthermore, there was a statistical difference in the CFU/mL of bacteria present after antibiotics were administered compared to bacteria with no antibiotics (p < 0.005) and when TPA plus antibiotics were administered compared to antibiotics alone (p < 0.005). Conclusions: This study shows that bacteria can form aggregates in pleural fluid and at dynamic conditions similar to those seen in vivo with thoracic empyema. Importantly, this study provides a pathophysiological underpinning for the reason why antibiotics alone have a limited utility in treating empyema.
9
Barnhart, MD, and LM Rasmussen. "Pleural effusion as a complication of extrahepatic biliary tract rupture in a dog." Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association 32, no. 5 (1996): 409–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.5326/15473317-32-5-409.
Full textAbstract:
Bile pleural effusion associated with traumatic rupture of the extrahepatic biliary tract and bile peritonitis in a dog is described. Pleural and abdominal fluids were identical cytologically and chemically despite a grossly intact diaphragm. Transfer of peritoneal fluid across the diaphragm via lymphatics and subsequent leakage into the pleural space is the likely cause of effusion. Pleural and abdominal fluid accumulation resolved spontaneously with repeated abdominocenteses and supportive care.
10
Goseva, Zlatica, Biserka Jovkovska Kaeva, Angelko Gjorcev, et al. "Analysis of Lymphocyte Immunological Reactivity in Patients with Pleural Effusions of Different Etiology." Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences 4, no. 1 (2015): 50–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2016.009.
Full textAbstract:
BACKGROUND: The proportion of T and B lymphocytes in pleural fluids and blood may point to the presence of local immunological phenomena in pleural disorders.AIM: Aim of study was to evaluate the lymphocyte phenotype and the ratio between helper (CD4+) and cytotoxic/suppressor (CD8+) lymphocytes in malignant and non-malignant effusions.MATERIAL AND METHODS: We studied 48 patients with pleural effusions. First group had 18 patients with tuberculosis pleural effusions; second group had 20 patients with malignant pleural fluids, third group had 10 patients with transudates and 30 healthy controls. We investigated the distribution of T and B lymphocytes, T cells with helper/inducer CD4 or suppresser/cytotoxic CD8 phenotypes and the CD16 subset.RESULTS: Results showed decreases levels of CD3, CD4, and CD16 T cells in blood of patients versus healthy controls. There were increases in the percentage of the CD3 and CD4 T cells in the pleural fluid compared with values in the blood with statistical significance in tuberculous pleurisy. The values of CD8 were similar in the pleural fluid and in blood. Levels of CD16 were non-significantly higher in pleural fluid in all groups.CONCLUSION: This study confirms the hypothesis that pleural cavity is compartment with immunological reactivity and results could be used in differential diagnosis together with other examinations.
11
Pradhan, Saumyasree, Sushree Jasmin Dalai, Snigdharani Choudhury, and Mahasweta Das. "Cytological and microbiological profiling of body fluids: a study from Acharya Harihar Post Graduate Institute of Cancer, Cuttack, Odisha, India." International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 12, no. 7 (2025): 3297–301. https://doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20252132.
Full textAbstract:
Background: Body fluids play a crucial role in the human body, serving as the medium for biochemical reactions essential to cellular metabolism. They include intestinal fluids, saliva, tears, and gastric juice. The concentration of substrates in cellular fluids significantly influences the rate of metabolic reactions. Body fluids are typically found in the central nervous system (CNS), pericardial, pleural, peritoneal, and synovial spaces, comprising up to 60% water. Methods: The present study was conducted at Acharya Harihar Post Graduate Institute of Cancer (AHPGIC), Cuttack, over one month. A total of 25 fluid samples were collected from the Department of Pathology, AHPGIC. Pleural fluid was obtained through thoracocentesis, while peritoneal and ascitic fluids were collected via paracentesis. The fluids were drained using a syringe and aliquoted into tubes containing EDTA for cell counts and heparin for further studies. The collected samples were then transported in sterile containers and stored under refrigeration for further examination. For microbiological analysis, the collected fluids were inoculated in different culture media to facilitate the growth of microorganisms. Results: Among the 25 fluid samples analyzed, malignant cells were identified in pleural and ascitic fluids. However, Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, as well as acid-fast bacteria, were not observed in any of the samples through direct staining. Conclusions: In culture, the growth of Gram-positive cocci was detected in peritoneal fluid, while Gram-negative bacilli were found in ascitic fluid.
12
Pal, Subrata, Kingshuk Bose, Abhishek Sharma, and Mrinal Sikder. "Microfilaria in pleural fluid cytology: A rare finding." Journal of Laboratory Physicians 9, no. 02 (2017): 143–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0974-2727.199638.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractLymphatic filariasis is endemic in India and Southeast Asia. Detection of microfilaria is infrequently reported during cytological evaluation of various lesions or body cavity fluids. Presence of microfilaria in pleural fluid cytology is very rare finding even in endemic areas. Few cases of accidental finding of microfilaria have been reported in association with malignant pleural effusion. But pleural effusion of filarial origin is extremely rare manifestation. Here we report a classical case of microfilaria in pleural fluid cytology.
13
Antony, V. B., S. W. Godbey, S. L. Kunkel, et al. "Recruitment of inflammatory cells to the pleural space. Chemotactic cytokines, IL-8, and monocyte chemotactic peptide-1 in human pleural fluids." Journal of Immunology 151, no. 12 (1993): 7216–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.151.12.7216.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Pleural effusions secondary to various diseases are associated with the presence of different inflammatory cells. The role of selective chemotactic cytokines in the recruitment of phagocytes to the pleural space is unclear. IL-8 and monocyte chemotactic peptide-1 (MCP-1) are recently described cytokines that are chemotactic for neutrophils and monocytes, respectively. We prospectively studied 63 patients, using strictly defined criteria for their selection. IL-8 concentrations were elevated in both empyema fluid (9.15 +/- 0.89 ng/ml) and parapneumonic effusions (4.7 +/- 0.697 ng/ml) when compared with pleural effusions secondary to other diseases. IL-8 levels were higher in empyema fluid than in parapneumonic effusions (p = 0.01). There was a significant correlation between IL-8 levels and the total numbers of neutrophils in empyema fluids (r = 0.80). Chemotactic activity for neutrophils was elevated in empyema fluid and the addition of IL-8 neutralizing serum decreased bioactivity by 32.22%. Malignant pleural effusions had the highest levels of MCP-1 (12.0 +/- 3.7 ng/ml) when compared with others. Cytology-positive pleural fluids (n = 10) had a higher level of MCP-1 than cytology-negative effusions (p = &lt; 0.05). Malignant pleural fluid MCP-1 levels correlated (r = 0.70) with the absolute number of monocytes in the pleural fluid. Neutralization of monocyte chemotactic activity of malignant pleural fluid by specific neutralizing serum caused a 70.3% inhibition of bioactivity. Immunohistochemical staining of malignant pleural fluid localized antigenic MCP-1 to malignant cells. We conclude that both IL-8 and MCP-1 play major but not exclusive roles in the recruitment of neutrophils and monocytes from the vascular compartment to the pleural space.
14
Supriya, Siddavatam, MB Lekha, and YA Manjunatha. "Cytomorphological study of body fluids- An attempt to know its role in diagnosis." Panacea Journal of Medical Sciences 14, no. 2 (2024): 415–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.18231/j.pjms.2024.074.
Full textAbstract:
Body fluid cytology is a routinely performed procedure. It is simple, cost-effective and acts as a first-line investigation in the evaluation of effusions. The inflow and outflow of fluid in the potential spaces of pleural, peritoneal and pericardial cavities is governed by starling forces. In case of tumors, study of effusion cytology helps in the diagnosis and staging process. To study cytomorphology of various body fluids and know their role in diagnosis.The present study is a retrospective descriptive study of 100 cases of various body fluids such as pleural, peritoneal, cerebrospinal and synovial fluids which were received in the department of pathology, at a tertiary care center from July 2019 to December 2020.Data was retrieved from records maintained in the department of pathology. Slides were reviewed if considered necessary. In cases positive for malignancy, histopathology records were checked for correlation. 100 fluids were studied. Age group varied between 10 days and 90 years. Maximum number of cases was in the range of 41 to 50 years with 23 cases (23%). Most common fluid was pleural fluid (46%), followed by ascitic fluid(41%), CSF (7%) and synovial fluid (6%). From our study, we could conclude that cytological evaluation of body fluids plays an important role in initial screening for presence of acute and chronic inflammatory cells, tumor cells. It also helps in staging of tumors where the presence of tumor cells increases the stage of tumor.
15
Visavadiya, Riya Satishbhai, Dimple Hardikbhai Darad, Mohmadovesh Mohmadyunus Panchbhaiya, and Alaukika Naranbhai Rathwa. "Application of The International System for Reporting Serous Fluid Cytopathology (TIS) on Reporting Various Body Fluids: A Study from a Tertiary Care Hospital of Western India." Annals of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine 11, no. 9 (2024): A245–251. https://doi.org/10.21276/apalm.3378.
Full textAbstract:
Background: Serous effusion is the accumulation of fluid in body cavities due to various causes, with malignancies being one of the important contributors. The various sites from which fluid can be sent for analysis include the pleural, peritoneal, and pericardial cavities. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective observational study. A total of 114 fluids were studied. All received body fluid samples sent to the cytopathology section of the pathology department, including pleural and peritoneal fluids, were examined, excluding sputum and broncho-alveolar lavage fluid. Wherever available, histopathological samples from the same patient were used for correlation. Results: A total of 114 fluids were studied. Histopathological correlation was available in 30 cases. Epithelial malignancy, including adenocarcinoma, was the most common malignancy involving pleural effusion and peritoneal fluid. Conclusion: The international system of reporting is a user-friendly framework that can be easily applied to effusion fluid for better patient management and effective communication with clinicians. Due to the well-documented outcomes from adopting uniform cytology terminology for other organ systems, we recommend the use of this classification and believe its use will be paramount in improving diagnostic yield in effusion cytology.
16
Armas, Elisa A., M. Melgar, J. Juárez, M. Vidal, J. Eguizábal, and R. Gordillo. "#16: Use of a Multiplex PCR Panel for Diagnosis of Complicated Pneumonia in Pediatrics." Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society 10, Supplement_1 (2021): S15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jpids/piaa170.046.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Background Pleural fluid cultures performed in the period from April 2015 to April 2017 (prior to having the test) were reviewed, 120 cultures were found, of which 7.5% were positive. Methods Descriptive study in patients from 0 to 12 years old, from April 2017 to April 2019, at Roosevelt Hospital, Guatemala City, June 2019 Results In the period from April 2017 to April 2019, pleural fluids were evaluated in which multiplex PCR was performed, obtaining 41 results, 24 positive PCR for pneumonia producing bacteria in the community, of which only 1 positive culture was found, which, if correlated, which means 25 times more detection capacity, than the Gold standard of culture. Forty-one cultures of pleural fluids were evaluated, of which 58% were detected by FilmArray® The most frequently isolated microorganisms were Streptococcus pneumoniae 42%, Streptococcus sp. 3% Haemophilus influenzae 13% and Pseudomonas aeruginosa 3% Conclusion The use of Multiplex PCR in pleural fluid allowed the identification of a high percentage of microorganisms in the pleural fluid. Although the test is not valid for this use, its use could mean a great advantage for the etiological diagnosis.
17
Martins, Luiz C., Ilma A. Paschoal, Angela Von Nowakonski, Silvana A. B. Silva, Fernando F. Costa, and Laura Sterian Ward. "Nested-PCR using MPB64 fragment improves the diagnosis of pleural and meningeal tuberculosis." Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical 33, no. 3 (2000): 253–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0037-86822000000300003.
Full textAbstract:
Fluids in which Mycobacterium tuberculosis are seldom found, such as pleural and cerebrospinal liquids, are good candidates to be studied using PCR techniques. We detail our experience with a PCR assay applied to pleural and cerebrospinal fluids using the primer MPB64. Seventy three specimens were analyzed: 30 pleural fluids (PF), 26 pleural biopsies (PB) and 17 cerebrospinal fluids (CSF). The gold standard for the diagnosis of tuberculous meningitis was the positive culture for M. tuberculosis in CSF. Tuberculous pleural effusion was diagnosed when cultures of PF and/or PB were positive for M. tuberculosis, or the PB histology showed granulomas. Our results, compared to the gold standards employed, showed a sensitivity of 70%, specificity of 88%, positive predictive value of 82% and negative predictive value of 80%. The high specificity of the MPB64 fragment while still retaining a good sensitivity makes it very well suited for pleural and cerebrospinal tuberculosis diagnosis.
18
Žentiņa, Dace, Inga Stuķēna, Sarma Grīnberga, Alvils Krams, and Aivars Lejnieks. "Diagnostic value of tumour markers Ca-125 and CEA in the diagnostics of malignant pleural fluids." Proceedings of the Latvian Academy of Sciences. Section B. Natural, Exact, and Applied Sciences. 70, no. 2 (2016): 41–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/prolas-2016-0008.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract The significance of carbohydrate (cancer) antigen 125 (Ca-125) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) tumour markers levels in differential diagnostics of malignant and benign pleural effusion was studied. Within this prospective study, 121 patients with fluids of various aetiology in the pleural cavity were analysed. Malignant pleural effusion was detected in 55 patients, parapneumonic effusion in 28 patients, transudative effusion of cardiac origin in 31 patients, pancreatitis in one patient and tuberculous pleurisy in five patients. The highest accuracy in diagnosis of malignancy was observed for Ca-125 and CEA levels in the pleural fluid: 75.2% at cut-off value ≥1452 U/mL and 76.9% at cut-off value ≥6.58 ng/mL, respectively. We conclude that the level of tumour markers in pleural fluid has additional diagnostic significance in the differential diagnosis of malignant and benign pleural effusions.
19
Garrait, V., J. Cadranel, H. Esvant, et al. "Tuberculosis generates a microenvironment enhancing the productive infection of local lymphocytes by HIV." Journal of Immunology 159, no. 6 (1997): 2824–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.159.6.2824.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Tuberculosis (TB) contributes to the progression of HIV disease but, so far, the mechanism involved is not clear. Several cytokines accumulating in vivo at the site of mycobacterial infection up-regulate HIV expression in vitro. In this study, we assessed the role of pleural fluids recovered from seronegative patients with TB on HIV replication in acutely infected blast cells. Pleural fluids from subjects with congestive heart failure served as controls. In all cases, TB pleural fluids stimulated HIV replication in vitro. TNF-alpha, IL-6, IFN-gamma, and granulocyte/macrophage (GM)-CSF, as well as very low levels of IL-2, were detected in TB pleural fluids. An anti-IL-2 Ab preincubated with TB pleural fluids exhibited no blocking effect on HIV replication similarly to anti-IFN-gamma and anti-GM-CSF Abs. In contrast, anti-TNF-alpha and anti-IL-6 Abs decreased HIV replication by 60 and 90%, respectively. Recombinant TNF-alpha and IL-6 stimulated HIV replication, while IFN-gamma and GM-CSF had a more ambiguous role. The capacity of pleural fluids to stimulate HIV replication was specific for TB, since the capacity of control fluids was significantly lower. Finally, in contrast to PBL, which require in vitro activation for their productive infection by HIV, unstimulated tuberculous pleural lymphocytes were productively infectable by HIV. Taken together, our data suggest that the microenvironment generated by TB might increase the HIV burden in infected subjects, partly through cytokines other than IL-2, namely TNF-alpha and IL-6.
20
Narkar, Sneha S., S. A. Rane, and D. S. Salgaonkar. "Glucose levels in pleural fluids of effusive pleural diseases." MedPulse International Journal of Biochemistry 11, no. 1 (2019): 14–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.26611/10021114.
Full text
21
Pernica, Jeffrey M., Ioana Moldovan, Francis Chan, and Robert Slinger. "Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction for Microbiological Diagnosis of Parapneumonic Effusions in Canadian Children." Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology 25, no. 3 (2014): 151–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/757963.
Full textAbstract:
BACKGROUND: Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) complicated by parapneumonic effusion/empyema is an infectious syndrome commonly encountered by physicians caring for children in Canada.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the incremental benefit of novel molecular testing for the microbiological diagnosis of pediatric CAP complicated by parapneumonic effusion/empyema in Canada.METHODS: A convenience sample of pleural fluid from 56 children who had been admitted to hospital in Ontario with CAP complicated by parapneumonic effusion between 2009 and 2011 was examined. Multiple uniplex real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing was performed on these pleural fluids and compared with traditional culture-based testing of blood and pleural fluid samples.RESULTS: Molecular methods detected a pathogen in 82% of cases, whereas traditional cultures of blood and pleural fluids detected a pathogen in only 25%. The majority of parapneumonic effusions were associated with pneumococcal infection;Streptococcus pneumoniaewas detected in 62% of the samples using molecular methods but in only 14% of samples using culture-based methods.Streptococcus pyogenes, detected in 16% of samples using PCR, was the second most common pathogen found. No patients were found to have empyema caused byStaphylococcus aureus.DISCUSSION: The results showed that multiple uniplex real-time PCR performed substantially better than traditional culture methods for microbiological diagnosis of CAP complicated by effusion/ empyema.S pneumoniaeandS pyogeneswere found to be responsible for the majority of infections. The approach detected pathogens in a similar proportion of pleural fluid samples as previously reported nested PCR assays; furthermore, the real-time closed-well approach also minimized the risk of nonspecificity due to cross-contamination relative to nested PCR.CONCLUSIONS: Real-time PCR for the detection of bacterial DNA in pleural fluids has the potential to better define the microbiological cause of pediatric CAP. This approach could help clinicians provide targeted antimicrobial therapy.
22
Liz Maria Joseph, Sheeja Sainulabdeen, Deepa Sujatha, and Sankar Sundaram. "Diagnostic utility of cytospin in comparison to cell block in peritoneal and pleural fluid cytology." Asian Journal of Medical Sciences 13, no. 11 (2022): 254–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v13i11.44526.
Full textAbstract:
Background: Fluid cytology plays an important role in delineating benign from malignant effusions, tumor staging, and also in diagnosing recurrences. Various methods are used in cytology for the preparation of smears. As the accurate diagnosis of the fluids aids in clinical decisions, the method of preparation of cytology smears, it is very important. Cytospin preparation of smears is one of the methods which provide higher cellular yield with better preservation of cellular morphology and is less time consuming. On the other hand, cell block method gives superior architectural details and provides options for immunocytochemistry. Aims and Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the diagnostic utility of cytospin in comparison to cell block method in peritoneal and pleural fluid cytology. The study is done to determine the sensitivity, specificity, predictive values, and diagnostic accuracy of cytospin preparations with cell block method which is considered as the gold standard. Materials and Methods: This was a diagnostic test evaluation study done at the Department of Pathology, Government Medical College, Kottayam. The sample size was 240 which included all pleural and peritoneal fluids received in our cytology laboratory during the study period. Cytospin prepared smears of peritoneal and pleural fluids were compared with the tissue sections prepared by cell block method, to evaluate the diagnostic utility of cytospin. Tissue sections prepared from the cell blocks of effusions were considered as the gold standard for comparison. Results: A diagnostic test evaluation of cytospin preparation was done with cell block preparations. The sensitivity of cytopsin preparations in pleural and peritoneal fluid cytology is 94%. The specificity of cytopsin preparations in pleural and peritoneal fluid cytology is 100%. The positive predictive value of cytopsin preparations in pleural and peritoneal fluid cytology is 100% and the negative predictive value of cytopsin preparations in pleural and peritoneal fluid cytology is 96.8%. Hence, accuracy of the test is 97.9%. Conclusion: There is only minimal statistical difference between the results obtained by the cytospin and cell block methods. Cytospin method is less time consuming along with the advantage of higher cellular yield. Hence, the incorporation of cytospin along with the cell block technique is beneficial for augmenting the results of effusion cytology.
23
Bista, Anupam, Suman Thapa, Prasant Subedi, and Kiran Manandhar. "Role of Combined Pleural Fluid Cholesterol and Total Protein in Differentiation of Exudates and Transudates." Nepalese Medical Journal 3, no. 1 (2020): 282–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/nmj.v3i1.28330.
Full textAbstract:
Introduction: Light's criteria had been the standard method for distinguishing exudative and transudative pleural effusions which misidentify 15-20% of transudates as exudates. This study aims to find out the role of combined pleural fluid cholesterol and total protein in distinguishing exudative from transudative pleural effusions and its applicability in Nepalese populations.
 Materials and Methods: Patients with pleural effusions were enrolled for the study. The combined pleural fluid cholesterol and total protein were compared with Light’s criteria and also compared with the diagnosis on discharge to find out their usefulness in categorizing the pleural effusions.
 Results: A total of 81 patients enrolled in the study, 42 (51.9%) were male. Based on Light’s criteria, 88.8% pleural effusions were found to be exudates and 11.1% were found to be transudates. Within the criteria, Light’s criteria categorized more pleural fluids as exudates than the diagnosis on discharge. Based on pleural fluid cholesterol >60mg/dL and protein >3g/dL for the classification of exudative and transudative pleural fluid, 62.9% out of 81 samples felled under the exudates and 37.03% pleural effusions under transudates with the sensitivity 87.9% and specificity 100%.
 Conclusions: Though Light’s criteria remain the gold standard to differentiate transudates and exudates, combined pleural fluid cholesterol and total protein give nearly comparable results without the need for simultaneous blood investigations.
24
Barillo, Jorge Luiz, Cyro Teixeira da Silva Junior, Patricia Siqueira Silva, et al. "Increased Cytokeratin 19 Fragment Levels Are Positively Correlated with Adenosine Deaminase Activity in Malignant Pleural Effusions from Adenocarcinomas." Disease Markers 2018 (2018): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/2609767.
Full textAbstract:
Adenosine deaminase (ADA) and cytokeratin 19 (CK19) are known pleural biomarkers. Although ADA in humans functions mainly in the immune system, it also appears to be associated with the differentiation of epithelial cells. Keratin filaments are important structural stabilizers of epithelial cells and potent biomarkers in epithelial differentiation. This study aimed to investigate the simultaneous presence of the ADA enzyme and CK19 fragments to assess epithelial differentiation in malignant and benign pleural fluids. Diagnosis of the cause of pleural effusion syndrome was confirmed by means of standard examinations and appropriate surgical procedures. An ADA assay, in which ADA irreversibly catalyzes the conversion of adenosine into inosine, was performed using a commercial kit. The CK19 assay was performed using a CYFRA 21-1 kit, developed to detect quantitative soluble fragments of CK19 using an electrochemiluminescence immunoassay. One hundred nineteen pleural fluid samples were collected from untreated individuals with pleural effusion syndrome due to several causes. ADA levels only correlated with CK19 fragments in adenocarcinomas, with high significance and good correlation (rho = 0.5145, P=0.0036). However, further studies are required to understand this strong association on epithelial differentiation in metastatic pleural fluids from adenocarcinomas.
25
López-Córdova, Frida, Hugo Vega-Huerta, Gisella Luisa Elena Maquen-Niño, Jaime Cáceres-Pizarro, Ivan Adrianzén-Olano, and Oscar Benito-Pacheco. "Construction of a New Data Set of Pleural Fluid Cytological Images for Research." International Journal of Online and Biomedical Engineering (iJOE) 21, no. 07 (2025): 138–51. https://doi.org/10.3991/ijoe.v21i07.54323.
Full textAbstract:
The limited availability of standardized datasets has hindered the implementation of artificial intelligence (AI) models in serous fluid cytology, particularly in pleural fluid analysis. In this paper, we present the construction of a dataset of pleural fluid cytology images. The objective is to generate a dataset of pleural fluid cytologic images validated by two pathologists and classified into five categories for cell diagnosis, which will be used to train AI models. As a methodology, the images represent pleural fluid cytology samples that have been prepared through medical procedures and transferred to slides, providing valuable information when evaluated under the microscope by medical specialists through cytological examination. We documented the entire process for building the pleural fluid cytological image dataset, from image capture, labeling, preprocessing, standardization, and uploading to public platforms. As a result, we obtained a pleural fluid cytology dataset based on the International System (TIS) criteria for reporting serous fluids, classifying samples into AUS, MAL, ND, NFM, and SFM. This dataset is intended to support medical research, deep learning applications in medical image analysis, and improved diagnostic methodologies.
26
Irwadi, Didi, Sulina Y. Wibawa, and Hardjoeno Hardjoeno. "ANALISIS CAIRAN DARAH (TRANSUDAT) DAN SERUM CAMPURAN (EKSUDAT) DI PENDERITA DENGAN REMBESAN SELAPUT PARU (EFUSI PLEURA)." INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY 15, no. 2 (2018): 57. http://dx.doi.org/10.24293/ijcpml.v15i2.947.
Full textAbstract:
Pleural effusion is a fluid excess into pleural cavity due to transudation or exudation processes. The fluid deposited in the cavity canthreat the patient’s life. The pleural effusion could be produced in a patient with tuberculosis, cancer, cardiac failure, renal failure orviral/bacterial infection. The study is aimed to analyze the patterns of substance in the pleural effusion fluids produced by differentdiseases. A cross sectional study was performed from June 2006 to June 2007 at Clinical Pathology Laboratory of Dr. WahidinSudirohusodo Hospital, Makassar. The fluids were tested for glucose, total protein, LDH, and leukocyte count. Of 87 pleural effusion fluidsamples from 14–80 years old patients, 34.5% were transudates and 65.5% were exudates. Glucose value was higher (one tail T test,p < 0.01) in transudates group, whereas protein, LDH and leukocyte count were higher (one tail T test, p < 0.01) in exudates group.There were no significant differences of glucose, protein, LDH and leukocyte count among diseases within transudates group, as well aswithin exudates group. Staphylococcus spp., Klebsiella spp., and Acinetobacter spp., were the predominant bacteria revealed from thefluid cultures. Values of glucose, protein, LDH and leukocyte count have a different pattern between transudates and exudates groups.However, no special patterns were found among diseases within groups.
27
Jenkinson, Fiona, and Michael J. Murphy. "Biochemical analysis of pleural and ascitic fluid: effect of sample timing on interpretation of results." Annals of Clinical Biochemistry: International Journal of Laboratory Medicine 44, no. 5 (2007): 471–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/000456307781645978.
Full textAbstract:
Background: Modified Light's criteria are widely used to categorize pleural fluids as either exudates or transudates. Similarly, the serum-ascites albumin gradient (SAAG) is used in the differential diagnosis of ascites, particularly with reference to the prediction of portal hypertension. Fluid and serum samples are required for both of these to be applied. The effect of the time interval between fluid and serum samples on the interpretation of results has not been studied. Methods: We examined the effect of sample timing on (a) the application of modified Light's criteria, and (b) the categorization of SAAG as wide (≥11 g/L) or narrow (<11 g/L). Specifically, we compared the use of a 'routine' serum sample, i.e. one that was not formally paired by the requesting clinician with the fluid sample, with serum samples collected within 2 h of the fluid sample. Results: Of 77 pleural fluids included for analysis, 45/47 were categorized as exudates, and 32/30 as transudates, using near-simultaneous/routine serum samples respectively. Discrepant categorization was observed in two cases ( P=0.74). Of 109 ascitic fluids, SAAG was ≥11 g/L in 100/95 cases, and <11 g/L in 9/14, using near-simultaneous/routine serum samples respectively. Discrepant categorization was observed in five cases ( P=0.27). Conclusions: With reference to categorizing pleural and ascitic fluids as described above under (a) and (b), in most cases the use of routine serum samples does not alter the fluid categorization compared with the use of serum samples collected within 2 h.
28
Akash Jain, Mahendra Patil, and Kanetkar S R. "Serous effusions: A clinicopathological study." International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences 11, no. 3 (2020): 3284–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.26452/ijrps.v11i3.2453.
Full textAbstract:
This study is a prospective, observational study done for two years, comprising of 267 cases. Their episodes were while tapping pleural cavity, peritoneal cavity and pericardial sac, pleural, ascitic and pericardial fluids were collected. Majority of the samples received were from our hospital (98%) while 2% (5 samples) were obtained from outside. The male cases (55%) outnumbered the females (45%). And, a maximum number of instances in quinquagenarian among males and sexagenarian among females. In peritoneal fluids, females (29/30) outnumbered males. Fifty-nine (22%) samples showed the presence of clot with the majority being in pleural fluid (35/59). Few of the cases of TB showed neutrophilic (10%) or eosinophilic (2.5%) exudate instead of lymphocytic effusion. In contrast, a few cases of liver cirrhosis showed exudative effusion instead of transudative because of bacterial peritonitis. Majority cases were exudates (58.2%) excluding the peritoneal fluids, out of 71 cases of known malignancy. Out of these, 50% of the malignant effusions were nonhemorrhagic. Common microorganisms were gram-negative bacilli and grampositive cocci. There were three unusual cases in this study, viz: Eosinophilic effusion, Parasite (Ascaris) in pleural fluid and an example of a second malignancy. If the effusion is suspected for malignancy, the fluid typing of exudate or transudate may be done. Also, wet mount preparation for abnormal cells may be done before Examination of fixed smears for cancerous cells, as we did not find any transudate fluid positive for malignancy. Diagnostic effusion tapping, followed by immediate processing of fluid in a laboratory may improve cytological outcome. Malignant effusions may not be hemorrhagic in appearance. Rarely effusion may be the first manifestation of malignancy.
29
Guldaval, Filiz, Ceyda Anar, Melike Yuksel Yavuz, et al. "Prognostic Effects of Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Rates in Serum and Pleural Fluids in Malignant Pleural Fluids." Turkish Thoracic Journal 20, no. -1 (2019): 189. http://dx.doi.org/10.5152/turkthoracj.2019.189.
Full text
30
DOMEJ, Wolfgang, Gernot Peter TILZ, Zeno FÖLDES-PAPP, Ulrike DEMEL, Thomas RABOLD, and Herwig HOLZER. "Cystatin C of pleural effusion as a novel diagnostic aid in pleural diseases of different aetiologies." Clinical Science 102, no. 3 (2002): 373–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/cs1020373.
Full textAbstract:
There has been considerable recent interest in the potential use of serum cystatin C as a diagnostic tool. Here we examined the hypothesis that the cystatin C level in the pleural effusion can differ from the corresponding serum level. We evacuated pleural effusion fluids from 47 patients by thoracentesis. Cystatin C, β2-microglobulin, inorganic phosphate, creatinine and total protein were quantified in both pleural effusion fluids and corresponding sera. We determined cystatin C levels in pleural effusions and calculated the ratio of cystatin C levels in serum and effusion, to discriminate between effusions caused by severe renal impairment and other types of effusion. Extremely high concentrations of cystatin C in serum/effusion pairs were only measured in patients with renal failure (6.0±0.8/6.0±0.8mg/l, means±S.D., n = 11). A clearly defined region was found to correspond to pleural effusion caused by renal failure (r = 0.954). The quantification of cystatin C in the effusion was justified by the discovery that there were some patients with a high serum cystatin C level but a low effusion concentration, or a low serum cystatin C but a high effusion concentration, indicating causes other than renal failure. In conclusion, the pilot data indicate a relationship between the cystatin C concentration in pleural fluid and the underlying disease. Thus cystatin C levels in pleural effusion and serum may be a valuable criterion for the differential diagnosis of pleural diseases of different aetiologies.
31
Ranjay, Paswan Ganesh, and Das Bhagwan. "Study on Role of Combined Pleural Fluid Cholesterol and Total Protein in Differentiation of Exudates and Transudates: A Observational Trial." International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 16, no. 6 (2024): 787–90. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12737952.
Full textAbstract:
<strong>Background: </strong>The conventional approach to differentiating between exudative and transudative pleural effusions, which incorrectly classifies 15-20% of transudates as exudates, had been Light’s criteria. The purpose of this study is to determine the usefulness of combining total protein and cholesterol from pleural fluid in order to differentiate between exudative and transudative pleural effusions. <strong>Methods: </strong>Patients with pleural effusions were enrolled for the study. The combined pleural fluid cholesterol and total protein were compared with Light’s criteria and also compared with the diagnosis on discharge to find out their usefulness in categorizing the pleural effusions. <strong>Results: </strong>A total of 81 patients enrolled in the study, 42 (51.9%) were male. Based on Light’s criteria, 88.8% pleural effusions were found to be exudates and 11.1% were found to be transudates. Within the criteria, Light’s criteria categorized more pleural fluids as exudates than the diagnosis on discharge. Based on pleural fluid cholesterol >60mg/dL and protein >3g/dL for the classification of exudative and transudative pleural fluid, 62.9% out of 81 samples felled under the exudates and 37.03% pleural effusions under transudates with the sensitivity 87.9% and specificity100%. <strong>Conclusion: </strong>Combining pleural fluid cholesterol and total protein yields results that are almost similar without the requirement for concurrent blood examinations, even if Light’s criteria is still the gold standard for differentiating transudates and exudates.
32
Su, Chih-Min, Chia-Te Kung, Sheng-Yuan Hsiao, et al. "Diagnosis of Parapneumonia Pleural Effusion with Serum and Pleural Fluid Cell-Free DNA." BioMed Research International 2019 (March 4, 2019): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/5028512.
Full textAbstract:
Objective. As cell-free DNA levels in the pleural fluid and serum of parapneumonic pleural effusion (PPE) patients have not been thoroughly explored, we evaluated their diagnostic potential. Methods. Twenty-two PPE and 16 non-PPE patients were evaluated. Serum and pleural fluids were collected, and cell-free DNA was quantified. All biomarkers were assessed for correlation with days after admission. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to determine diagnostic accuracy and optimal cut-off point. Results. Nuclear and mitochondrial DNA levels in the pleural fluid and nuclear DNA levels in serum of PPE patients were significantly higher than in those of the non-PPE patients. However, only cell-free DNA levels in pleural fluid correlated with days after admission among PPE patients (r= 0.464, 0.538, respectively). ROC curve analysis showed that nuclear and mitochondrial DNA in pleural fluid had AUCs of 0.945 and 0.889, respectively. With cut-off values of 134.9 and 17.8 ng/ml for nuclear and mitochondrial DNA in pleural fluid, respectively, 96% sensitivity and 81% specificity were observed for PPE diagnosis. Conclusion. Nuclear and mitochondrial DNA in pleural fluid possess PPE diagnostic potential and correlated with disease severity. Serum nuclear DNA could also be used to distinguish freshly admitted PPE patients (Day 1) from non-PPE patients, but with less accuracy.
33
Garza-González, Elvira, Adrian Camacho-Ortiz, Alfredo Ponce-de-Leon, et al. "Bacterial incidence and drug resistance from pathogens recovered from blood, cerebrospinal and pleural fluids in 2019–2020. Results of the Invifar network." PeerJ 11 (January 17, 2023): e14411. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.14411.
Full textAbstract:
Background Antimicrobial resistance is a global concern. Analysis of sterile fluids is essential because microorganisms are defined as significant in most cases. Blood, cerebrospinal, and pleural fluids are frequently received in the microbiology lab because they are associated with considerable rates of morbi-mortality. Knowledge of epidemiology in these samples is needed to choose proper empirical treatments due to the importance of reducing selection pressure. Methods We used retrospective laboratory data of blood, CSF, and pleural fluid collected from patients in Mexico between 2019 and 2020. Each laboratory identified the strains and tested susceptibility using its routine methods. For Streptococcus pneumoniae, a comparative analysis was performed with data from the broth microdilution method. Results Forty-five centers participated in the study, with 30,746 clinical isolates from blood, 2,429 from pleural fluid, and 2,275 from CSF. For blood and CSF, Staphylococcus epidermidis was the most frequent. For blood, among gram negatives, the most frequent was Escherichia coli. Among Enterobacterales, 9.8% of K. pneumoniae were carbapenem-resistant. For S. pneumoniae, similar resistance percentages were observed for levofloxacin, cefotaxime, and vancomycin. For CSF, the most frequent gram-negative was E. coli. In Acinetobacter baumannii, carbapenem resistance was 71.4%. The most frequent species detected for pleural fluid was E. coli; in A. baumannii, carbapenem resistance was 96.3%. Conclusion Gram-negative bacteria, with E. coli most prevalent, are frequently recovered from CSF, blood, and pleural fluid. In S. pneumoniae, the routine, conventional methods showed good agreement in detecting resistance percentages for erythromycin, levofloxacin, and vancomycin.
34
Iyer, Raju S., Sanjeev Agarwal, Bharadwaja Vamaraju, Srinivasu Kola, Srinivas Bhavanarushi, and Kumaraswamy Reddy. "Bronchoalveolar Carcinoma Presenting as Malignant Pericardial Effusion." Asian Cardiovascular and Thoracic Annals 5, no. 4 (1997): 244–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/021849239700500414.
Full textAbstract:
A 35-year-old male underwent emergency pericardiectomy for repeated tamponade. A computed tomography scan of the thorax showed a consolidated lung lesion with pleural effusion. Emergency aspiration removed hemorrhagic pericardial fluid and straw colored pleural effusion. Both fluids tested negative for malignant cells. He later underwent a pneumonectomy after a biopsy revealed carcinoma of the lung. The case is reported to illustrate this rare presentation of bronchoalveolar carcinoma.
35
Moretti, Gabriele, Paolo Aretini, Francesca Lessi, et al. "Liquid Biopsies from Pleural Effusions and Plasma from Patients with Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma: A Feasibility Study." Cancers 13, no. 10 (2021): 2445. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers13102445.
Full textAbstract:
Background: Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a fatal tumor with a poor prognosis. The recent developments of liquid biopsies could provide novel diagnostic and prognostic tools in oncology. However, there is limited information about the feasibility of this technique for MPMs. Here, we investigate whether cancer-specific DNA sequences can be detected in pleural fluids and plasma of MPM patients as free circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA). Methods: We performed whole-exome sequencing on 14 tumor biopsies from 14 patients, and we analyzed 20 patient-specific somatic mutations with digital droplet PCR (ddPCR) in pleural fluids and plasma, using them as cancer-specific tumor biomarkers. Results: Most of the selected mutations could be detected in pleural fluids (94%) and, noteworthy, in plasma (83%) with the use of ddPCR. Pleural fluids showed similar levels of somatically mutated ctDNA (median = 12.75%, average = 16.3%, standard deviation = 12.3) as those detected in solid biopsies (median = 21.95%; average = 22.21%; standard deviation = 9.57), and their paired difference was weakly statistically significant (p = 0.048). On the other hand, the paired difference between solid biopsies and ctDNA from plasma (median = 0.29%, average = 0.89%, standard deviation = 1.40) was highly statistically significant (p = 2.5 × 10−7), corresponding to the important drop of circulating somatically mutated DNA in the bloodstream. However, despite the tiny amount of ctDNA in plasma, varying from 5.57% down to 0.14%, the mutations were detectable at rates similar to those possible for other tumors. Conclusions: We found robust evidence that mutated DNA is spilled from MPMs, mostly into pleural fluids, proving the concept that liquid biopsies are feasible for MPM patients.
36
Quadri, Amal, and Anne H. Thomson. "Pleural fluids associated with chest infection." Paediatric Respiratory Reviews 3, no. 4 (2002): 349–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1526054202002646.
Full text
37
Boonchalermvichin, C. "Pleural, pericardial and peritoneal fluids analysis." Chulalongkorn Medical Journal 45, no. 5 (2001): 383–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.58837/chula.cmj.45.5.2.
Full text
38
Filiz, Ayten, Erhan Ekinci, Ahmet Çığlı, Öner Dikensoy, and Didem Bulgur. "PLEVRA SIVILARINDA -KOLESTEROL TAYİNİNİN TRANSÜDA-EKSÜDA AYIRIMINDAKİ DEĞERİ." European Journal of Therapeutics 3, no. 2 (1992): 253–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.58600/eurjther.19920302-1440.
Full textAbstract:
39 patients with pleural effusions were examined. Cases were classified according to etiologies as transudates, neoplastic exudates, tuberculous exudates and miscellaneous exudates. Pleural fluid protein, LDH, cholesterol concentrations were measured. Mean cholesterol values determined were 92 mg/dl far neoplastic fluids, 82 mg/dl far tuberculeus exudates, 62 mg/dl for miscellaneous group and 23 mg/dl for transudates. If 55 mg/dl taken as the cut off value in distinguishing between plevral exudates and transudates, ali transudates and 87.5 percent of exudates were correctly diagnosed. With these findings, it can be concluded that determination of the level of cholesterol in pleural fluid could be used as a simple and reliable test in distinguishing transudates from exudates.
39
Brohi, Sana, Muhammad Shariq Shaikh, and Bushra Moiz. "ACCURACY OF AUTOMATED CELL ENUMERATION METHOD FOR VARYING CONCENTRATION OF WBCS FOR VARIOUS BODY FLUID SAMPLES." Infectious Diseases Journal of Pakistan 32, no. 1 (2023): 25–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.61529/idjp.v32i1.134.
Full textAbstract:
Background: Body fluids (BF) including peritoneal, pericardial, pleural, synovial and cerebrospinal fluids are now being analyzed by fully automated methods that are replacing the manual methods. The aim of this study is to assess the accuracy of automated instrument at varying concentrations of WBCs of various body fluid samples. Material and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at the section of Hematology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, the Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan from November 2020 to April 2021. Forty body fluid samples with suspicion of infection including peritoneal, pericardial, pleural, synovial and cerebrospinal fluids (CSF) were analyzed to verify accuracy of white blood cells counts on fully automated XN-1000TM hematology analyzer (Sysmex Corporation, Kobe, Japan) against Neubauer chamber method (a manual method of differentiating WBCs via microscopy). The culture results of the body fluid samples were also analyzed. EP Evaluator version 10.3.0.556 (Data Innovations, LLC, VT, US) was used for statistical analysis with other supporting statistics such as Correlation Coefficient (R), Bias, Mean and Standard Deviation were included. Results: Eleven (n=11) of forty (n=40) body fluid samples showed high WBC count above the normal range. Samples with normal WBC (n=29) were also included in accuracy study to assess instrument performance at varying concentration of analyte. An average Error Index of -0.27 (-0.99 to 0.74) for WBC was obtained. Microbiological cultures grew Escherichia. Coli in 1 and Acinetobacter species in 1 CSF samples and Staphylococcus Aureus in 1 pleural sample. Conclusion: The study verified accuracy of varying concentration of WBC counting by fully automated Sysmex XN-1000 analyzer for various body fluid samples. Keywords: Body fluids, Validation, Automated analyzer, Performance specifications, Accuracy verifications, High white blood count, Infectious.
40
Shashidhara, K. C., Rajashekar Reddy, Savitha Vijayakumar, Jerin Abraham Joseph, and B. S. Meghana. "Evaluation of polymerase chain reaction and adenosine deaminase levels for rapid diagnosis of clinically suspected tuberculous pleural effusion." Current Medicine Research and Practice 14, no. 4 (2024): 150–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/cmrp.cmrp_227_23.
Full textAbstract:
ABSTRACT Background: Tuberculosis (TB) often leads to pleural effusion, particularly prevalent in developing nations such as India. There has been a global rise in TB cases. Although lymphocytic predominant fluid is commonly associated with tubercular pleural effusion, it is essential to note that not all lymphocytic predominant fluids indicate TB. The diagnosis of pleural TB has benefited significantly from the use of biochemical markers. Conventional bacteriological methods are not very useful in diagnosing tubercular effusion and rarely identify Mycobacterium tuberculosis in pleural fluid. Owing to diagnostic difficulties, newer investigations, such as TB polymerase chain reaction (TB-PCR), adenosine deaminase (ADA) and culture, are amongst the most recent techniques currently used due to the challenges associated with diagnosis. Aims: This study aimed to measure the sensitivity and specificity of TB-PCR and compare them with those of ADA and TB cultures for suspected TB pleural effusion. Methods: This study included 50 patients diagnosed with pleural effusion who underwent pleural fluid analysis. Patients exhibiting exudative effusion with lymphocyte predominance also underwent a pleural biopsy. Pleural fluid ADA levels were also measured, and TB-PCR tests were conducted. Results: Eighteen patients were confirmed to have TB by biopsy. ADA was both sensitive and specific at 67% and 62.5%, respectively. However, PCR showed a sensitivity of 16.6% and a specificity of 100%. Conclusion: This study found a statistically significant association (P < 0.05) between ADA levels and distinguishing pleural effusion, which is tubercular in origin, from non-tubercular effusion. Therefore, the pleural ADA estimate appears to have the potential to be a reliable test for diagnosing TB pleural effusion. It has sufficient sensitivity and specificity while being cost-effective and easily executable compared to pleural biopsy. Our study also compared the sensitivity of PCR with pleural biopsy and discovered that PCR was more specific and less sensitive.
41
Jabor, A., and A. Březina. "Examination of less common body fluids: part 1 - pleural fluid." Klinická biochemie a metabolismus 33, no. 1 (2025): 3–15. https://doi.org/10.61568/kbm.2025.008.
Full text
42
Zamora-Molina, Lucía, Eduardo García-Pachon, Marta Amorós, et al. "Transcriptomic Profiling of Pleural Effusions: Differences in Malignant and Infectious Fluids." Medicina 60, no. 3 (2024): 424. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina60030424.
Full textAbstract:
Background and Objectives: Different cellular and molecular processes are involved in the production of malignant and infectious pleural effusions. However, the underlying mechanisms responsible for these differences or their consequences remain incompletely understood. The objective of this study was to identify differences in gene expression in pleural exudates of malignant and infectious aetiology and establish the possible different biological processes involved in both situations. Materials and Methods: RNA transcriptomic analysis was performed on 46 pleural fluid samples obtained during diagnostic thoracocenteses from 46 patients. There were 35 exudates (19 malignant and 16 infectious effusions) and 11 transudates that were used as a reference control group. Differential gene expression analysis for both exudative groups was identified. An enrichment score using the Human Kegg Orthology database was used for establishing the biological processes associated with malignant and infectious pleural effusions. Results: When comparing malignant exudates with infectious effusions, 27 differentially expressed genes with statistical significance were identified. Network analysis showed ten different biological processes for malignant and for infectious pleural effusions. In malignant fluids, processes related to protein synthesis and processing predominate. In infectious exudates, biological processes in connection with ATP production prevail. Conclusions: This study demonstrates differentially expressed genes in malignant and infectious pleural effusions, which could have important implications in the search for diagnostic or prognostic biomarkers. In addition, for the first time, biological processes involved in these two causes of pleural exudates have been described.
43
Le, Casin, Camila Pimentel, Fernando Pasteran, et al. "Human Serum Proteins and Susceptibility of Acinetobacter baumannii to Cefiderocol: Role of Iron Transport." Biomedicines 10, no. 3 (2022): 600. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines10030600.
Full textAbstract:
Cefiderocol, a recently introduced antibiotic, has a chemical structure that includes a cephalosporin that targets cell wall synthesis and a chlorocatechol siderophore moiety that facilitates cell penetration by active iron transporters. Analysis of the effect that human serum, human serum albumin, and human pleural fluid had on growing Acinetobacter baumannii showed that genes related to iron uptake were down-regulated. At the same time, β-lactamase genes were expressed at higher levels. The minimum inhibitory concentrations of this antimicrobial in A. baumannii cells growing in the presence of human serum, human serum albumin, or human pleural fluid were higher than those measured when these fluids were absent from the culture medium. These results correlate with increased expression levels of β-lactamase genes and the down-regulation of iron uptake-related genes in cultures containing human serum, human serum albumin, or human pleural fluid. These modifications in gene expression could explain the less-than-ideal clinical response observed in patients with pulmonary or bloodstream A. baumannii infections. The exposure of the infecting cells to the host’s fluids could cause reduced cefiderocol transport capabilities and increased resistance to β-lactams. The regulation of genes that could impact the A. baumannii susceptibility to cefiderocol, or other antibacterials, is an understudied phenomenon that merits further investigation.
44
Lucivero, G., G. Pierucci, and L. Bonomo. "Lymphocyte subsets in peripheral blood and pleural fluid." European Respiratory Journal 1, no. 4 (1988): 337–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/09031936.93.01040337.
Full textAbstract:
We have examined the distribution of B and T lymphocytes, T-cells with helper/inducer (T4+) or suppressor/cytotoxic (T8+) phenotypes and a subset of cells with natural killer (NK) activity and positive for the Leu 7 (HNK-1) surface antigen in peripheral blood and in lymphocyte-rich pleural effusions of patients with tuberculosis or malignancies (mesothelioma and lung cancer with pleural metastasis). In individual patients, the percentages of T lymphocytes were uniformly higher in pleural effusions than in peripheral blood; however, lower percentages of B lymphocytes and cells positive for the Leu 7 antigen were present in pleural fluids. The analysis of T-cell subpopulations demonstrated a selective enrichment of T lymphocytes with helper/inducer phenotype in pleural effusions, while the percentages of T-cells with suppressor/cytotoxic phenotype were similar in pleural fluid and peripheral blood. These results indicate that in lymphocytic pleural effusions the main lymphoid cell population is represented by T lymphocytes with helper/inducer phenotype, regardless of whether the effusion is due to tuberculosis or malignancies such as mesothelioma or lung cancer.
45
Singh, Jyoti, Alok Mohan, Kamna Gupta, Medha Jain, and Anupam Varshney. "CATEGORIZATION OF PLEURAL EFFUSION SPECIMEN ON THE BASIS OF THE INTERNATIONAL SYSTEM FOR REPORTING SEROUS FLUID CYTOPATHOLOGY: AN INSTITUTIONAL EXPERIENCE." International Journal of Advanced Research 12, no. 11 (2024): 1437–42. https://doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/19960.
Full textAbstract:
Background:The International System for Reporting Serous Fluid Cytology (ISRSFC) has been proposed to systemize serous fluid cytopathology reporting and to guide for further clinical management. The present study focused on assessing the feasibility of utilizing ISRSFC reporting categories for pleural fluids, estimating the risk of malignancy (ROM) of each category. Methods: Samples of Pleural effusion sent to cytopathology lab in our institution were evaluated. Cases were categorized into one of the five categories proposed by ISRSFC: Non-diagnostic (ND), Negative for malignancy (NFM), Atypia of undetermined significance (AUS), Suspicious for malignancy (SFM), and Malignant (MAL) respectively. ROM was calculated for each category. Result: The present study examined 200 Pleural effusion samples. The Pleural effusion samples were categorized as ND 10 (5%), NFM 160 (80%), AUS 12 (6%), SFM 06 (3%) and MAL 12 (6%), and ROM for each above category were 12.5%, 3.3%, 25%, 75% and 100%, respectively. Conclusion: The ISRSFC for categorizing pleural effusion cytology sample is easy to use and reduces reporting diversity. ROM assessment for each category improves the quality of clinical care.
46
Suneja, Priya, Anju Khairwa, and Nadeem Tanveer. "Convention Smears of Pleural Effusion Cytology Revealing Metastatic Clear Cell Carcinoma of Endometrium: A Rare Case Report and Review of Literature." Journal of Cytology 42, no. 2 (2025): 104–8. https://doi.org/10.4103/joc.joc_98_24.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Conventional fluid cytology is a simple and efficient diagnostic modality that plays an imperative role in the workup of serous cavity effusion fluids. Endometrial carcinoma with pleural metastases is quite uncommon, and isolated cases without lung parenchymal involvement are even more uncommon. Herein, we present a case of a 60-year-old female diagnosed with high-grade endometrioid carcinoma with clear cell change, who presented with right-sided pleural effusion, which turned out to be positive for metastatic carcinoma without the involvement of lung parenchyma, making it a rare presentation of endometrial carcinoma metastasis diagnosed on conventional fluid cytology.
47
Paavonen, T., K. Liippo, H. Aronen, and U. Kiistala. "Lactate dehydrogenase, creatine kinase, and their isoenzymes in pleural effusions." Clinical Chemistry 37, no. 11 (1991): 1909–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/37.11.1909.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Lactate dehydrogenase (LD; EC 1.1.1.27) and creatine kinase (CK; EC 2.7.3.2) are widely distributed cytoplasmic enzymes. LD has five and CK has three isoenzymes distributed in different proportions in various tissues. The amounts of LD and CK and the distribution of isoenzymes in different body fluids are not thoroughly characterized. We have measured the total LD and CK concentrations and their isoenzyme distribution in pleural aspirates and in serum from 22 patients with benign conditions and from 14 patients with malignant effusions. In malignant pleural fluid, the mean total LD was 662 U/L; in benign conditions, it was nearly 5840 U/L with large variations (91-43 400 U/L) according to clinical diagnosis, the highest values being reached in inflammatory lesions. The mean total CK concentration in pleural fluid was close to the serum value in both groups of patients, as was the pleural CK isoenzyme distribution. The LD isoenzyme distribution in pleural effusions differed from that in serum in both groups, with LD-4 and -5 being the main isoenzymes in their pleural fluid specimens (greater than 42% of total LD). The total LD concentration correlated somewhat (r = 0.57) with the total pleural protein content. In conclusion, the pleural LD isoenzyme distribution, both in benign and malignant conditions, differs from that in serum, having shifted towards more anaerobic and embryonic isoenzymes (LD-4 and -5). Moreover, the greater the concentration of pleural total LD, the greater the proportion of LD-4 and -5. These data suggest that visceral or parietal pleural cells are rich in LD isoenzymes 4 and 5.
48
Hu, Yi. "Recombinant adenoviral human p53 gene intracavity infusion in treatment of malignant pleural effusions and peritoneal effusions." Journal of Clinical Oncology 30, no. 15_suppl (2012): e13521-e13521. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2012.30.15_suppl.e13521.
Full textAbstract:
e13521 Background: Malignant pleural or peritoneal effusion adversely affects patients' quality of life. Once the effusions formed it is difficult to control. This report showed intra-cavity infusion of recombinant adenoviral human p53 gene (rAd-p53) was very effective for controlling malignant pleural or peritoneal effusion. Methods: Twenty-seven patients, 15 males and 12 females with a median age of 59 years old , were included this study. The malignant pleural effusions, consisting of 13 patients, were caused by primary lung cancers (12 cases) and breast cancer (1 case), and 14 cases of peritoneal effusions were caused by gastric cancer (5 cases), ovarian cancers (3 cases), primary live cancer (2 cases), pancreatic cancer (2 cases), esophageal cancer (1 case) and bile duct cancer (1 case). The rAd-p53 intra-cavity infusion was given after removing most of fluids. For intra-chest cavity infusion 2×1012 viral particles (VP) of rAd-p53 diluted into 200 ml of saline solution, and for intra-abdominal cavity infusion 4×1012 VP of rAd-p53 diluted into 500 ml of saline solution, were given weekly for 3 weeks. Results: A total of 3 cases, 2 with pleural effusion and 1 with peritoneal effusion achieved a complete response (CR), and 10 cases (7 pleural effusions and 3 peritoneal effusions) had a partial response (PR). The overall response rate is 48.1%. The CR was defined as the complete disappearance of pleural or peritoneal fluid and negative cytologic findings for >4 weeks, and the PR is defined as a decrease over 50% of the fluid without the need of drainage and negative cytologic findings for >4 weeks. The fluids in 8 cases with peritoneal effusions decreased by over 30% but less than 50%. The associated symptoms relieved in 23 patients (85.2%). There were no serious side effects observed except for self-limited fever found in all the cases. Conclusions: For some patients with malignant pleural or peritoneal effusions, Intra-cavity infusion of rAd-p53 is effective and safe controlling treatment.
49
Branković-Magić, M., Z. Nešković-Konstantinović, D. Nikolić-Vukosavljević, and I. Spužić. "Steroid receptors in pleural effusions of advanced breast cancer patients." International Journal of Biological Markers 10, no. 3 (1995): 143–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/172460089501000303.
Full textAbstract:
The steroid receptor content in breast carcinoma correlates with the responsiveness of malignant cells to endocrine manipulation. Although the steroid receptor status of the primary tumor is mostly used to select systemic therapy, it was suggested that steroid receptor content should be evaluated in metastatic lesions whenever possible. In this study the estrogen and progesterone receptor content was determined biochemically in 38 pleural effusions from advanced breast cancer patients. In 17/38 patients the steroid receptor status was assessed twice during the course of the disease - at diagnosis in the primary tumor/lymph nodes, and subsequently in metastatic pleural effusion fluid. A trend towards lower receptor values in pleural fluids was evident. There was no correlation between pleural steroid receptor content and pleural response to endocrine or chemo/endocrine therapy, indicating that the usefulness of effusional steroid receptors for therapy planning of advanced breast cancer could not be confirmed in this study.
50
Vats, Mayank, Rakesh C. Gupta, Pramod Dadhich, Deepa Vats, Neeraj Gupta, and Mukesh Taylor. "Ada Assay in Pleural Fluids: A Diagnostic Tool In Tuberculosis Pleural Effusio." Chest 124, no. 4 (2003): 115S. http://dx.doi.org/10.1378/chest.124.4_meetingabstracts.115s.
Full text