To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: PLEX.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'PLEX'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'PLEX.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Sheridan, Jon-Phillip. "Plex." VCU Scholars Compass, 2011. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/2491.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis explores the evolution of my practice as it developed over my two years of graduate school. I entered school interested in the built environment and how structures helped create subjectivity and provided sites for material and phenomenological transformations. Early in graduate school, I developed a photography series that investigated these issues. However, an awareness of a conversation occurring in the larger art world that questioned the efficacy of photography drove me to consider ways to extend my practice into sculpture and installation. Over the next two semesters, I developed my ideas of light, form and structure into video and sculpture installations that extended these ideas out into the space of the viewer. Ultimately, an interest in light and surface led me back to photography and to the realization that a studio practice that focused on photography about photography opened up avenues that allowed a photographic practice not to become stagnant but rather to grow and expand.
2
Möller, Johan. "Exekveringsmiljö för Plex-C på JVM." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, 2002. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-1688.
Full textAbstract:
<p>The Ericsson AXE-based systems are programmed using an internally developed language called Plex-C. Plex-C is normally compiled to execute on an Ericsson internal processor architecture. A transition to standard processors is currently in progress. This makes it interesting to examine if Plex-C can be compiled to execute on the JVM, which would make it processor independent. </p><p>The purpose of the thesis is to examine if parts of the run-time environment of Plex-C can be translated to Java and if this can be done so that sufficient performance is obtained. It includes how language constructions in Plex-C can be translated to Java. </p><p>The thesis describes how a limited part of the Plex-C run-time environment is implemented in Java. Optimizations are an important part of the implementation. </p><p>It is also described how the JVM system was tested with a benchmark test. </p><p>The test results indicate that the implemented system is a few times faster than the Ericsson internal processor architecture. But this performance is still not sufficient for the JVM system to be an interesting replacement for the currently used processor architecture. It might still be useful as a processor independent test platform.</p>
3
Lindhult, Johan. "Operational Semantics for PLEX : A Basis for Safe Parallelization." Licentiate thesis, Västerås : School of Innovation, Design and Engineering, Mälardalen University, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-631.
Full text
4
Narmack, Samuel. "Functionalization and Evaluation of Nanoparticle Probes for the Development of a 14-Plex Diagnostic assay." Thesis, KTH, Kemi, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-299949.
Full textAbstract:
Detta projekt var ett samarbete mellan Aplex Bio AB och Scilifelab. Projektets mål var att utveckla en molekylär diagnostisk panel med förmågan att detektera och diskriminera mellan 14 olika typer av patogener. Projektet innehåller 4 kapitel med fokus på olika mål. I första kapitlet utvecklades en metod för att karakterisera emissioner av fluorescerande nanopartikel kluster. Den första utvärderade metoden utnyttjade klick-kemi för att binda nanopartiklarna till makrostrukturer uppbyggda av amplifierat DNA. Den andra utvärderade metoden skapade aggregerade komplex av nanopartiklar med amplifierat DNA för att utvärdera partiklarnas emissioner. I kapitel 2 av projektet användes azid-funktionaliserade nanopartiklar levererade av Aplex Bio AB för att tvärbinda DBCO modifierade oligonukleotider. Sedan utvecklades en hybridiserings baserad metod för att kvantifiera relativa mängden oligonukleotider på partiklarna. Denna metod användes för att reproducerbart funktionalisera partiklar och utveckla nanopartikel-sonder som kan binda till DNA genom hybridisering. I kapitel 2 utvärderades även hur effektivt och specifikt de utvecklade nanopartikel-sonderna hybridiserar till DNA. I kapitel 3 utvärderades amplifiering av syntetiska ssDNA sekvenser valda från genetiska markörer av 14 patogener, DNA amplifierades med metoden RCA. Målet var att utvärdera specificiteten av amplifieringen. Specifik amplifiering av varje DNA sekvens i panelen var en förutsättning för att möjliggöra detektion och diskriminering av alla patogener i panelen. I kapitel 4 var målet att utveckla en kostnadseffektiv metod för att funktionalisera nanopartiklar med oligonukleotid sekvenser. För att göra detta användes DBCO-NHS-ester reagens och amin-modifierade oligonukleotider. Förverkligande av detta projekt skulle skapa en diagnostisk panel med potentialen att påverka det diagnostiska fältet på en global skala. När detta projekt är fullt utvecklat kan panelen modifieras för detektion av önskade DNA/RNA sekvenser vilket möjliggör ett mångfalt av applikationer, detta skulle göra panelen konkurrerande med dagens diagnostiska metoder då den kan användas i existerande mikroskopiuppsättningar.<br>This work was a collaboration between Aplex Bio AB and Scilifelab with the aim of developing a molecular assay capable of detecting and discriminating between 14 different pathogenic targets. There are 4 chapters with focus on different goals. In chapter one a method of evaluating emissions of fluorescent nanoparticle clusters was developed. The first approach of evaluating nanoparticle emissions was to utilize click chemistry to bind nanoparticles to macroscale structures of amplified DNA targets. The second evaluated approach was the formation of aggregated complexes of nanoparticles and amplified DNA targets. The second chapter of the thesis used azide functionalized nanoparticles supplied by Aplex Bio AB to utilize azide groups as crosslinkers and use them to functionalize the nanoparticles with DBCO oligos. A hybridization-based method was then developed to quantify relative oligo densities on the nanoparticles, enabling reproducible oligo functionalization of nanoparticles, producing nanoparticle probes that can bind to DNA. The final task of chapter 2 was evaluating the binding efficiency and specificity of the developed nanoparticle probes. The third chapter of the thesis evaluated amplification of synthetic ssDNA sequences corresponding to genetic markers of 14 pathogenic targets using RCA. The goal was to confirm specificity of chosen padlock probes and corresponding synthetic targets for each pathogen. Specific amplification of each target was a prerequisite to enable detecting and discriminating between the 14 pathogenic targets. In chapter 4 the goal was to develop a cost-effective method of oligo functionalization for nanoparticles. This chapter evaluated two main approaches of using DBCO-NHS-ester reagents to perform DBCO modification of amine-oligos. The realization of this work would develop an assay that has the potential to impact the field of diagnostics on a global scale. When fully developed, the molecular assay can be modified to detect any RNA/DNA targets which enables numerous applications, making the assay a competitive diagnostic tool which can be implemented in existing microscopy systems.
5
Trouchet, Amandine. "PCR digitale pour la détection et la caractérisation de micro-organismes pathogènes au niveau de la cellule unique." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016USPCC170/document.
Full textAbstract:
Nous avons pour but de développer un système microfluidique en gouttes, capable, à l’échelle de la cellule/bactérie unique, de détecter et de co-localiser plusieurs marqueurs génétiques, en utilisant une version digitale et multiplexée de la réaction de polymérisation en chaîne (PCR). Les systèmes de PCR digitale actuellement commercialisés ne le permettent toujours pas. Un tel prototype garantira la présence de multiples marqueurs à l’intérieur d’un même génome, ce qui permettra l’identification du pathogène avec précision et un taux de faux-positifs proche de zéro. Comme première application, nous démontrerons la possibilité de co-localiser quatre gènes de virulence de la souche O157:H7 d’Escherichia coli, un pathogène majeur, qui est détecté dans des échantillons alimentaires ou provenant de fèces cliniques pouvant aussi contenir des E. coli non pathogènes porteuses d’une partie des gènes de virulence. Avant de procéder à des tests TaqMan multicolores en point final, E. coli sera d’abord encapsulée dans des gouttes micrométriques et lysée par la chaleur in situ. Notre objectif est de démontrer que ce test peut être appliqué avec succès à un petit ensemble d’échantillons cliniques ou alimentaires<br>We aim to develop a prototype of droplet-based microfluidic system capable of detecting and colocalizing multiple genetic markers at the single cell/bacteria level, using the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) in a digital multiplexed version. This cannot be achieved using current commercial digital PCR systems, and should increase the sensitivity and reliability of the detection of pathogens. Importantly, the system will guarantee the presence of multiple markers within the same genome and enable accurate identification, and bring the false positive rate close to zero. As a first application, we will demonstrate the possibility to co-localize 3 virulence genes in the E.coli strain O157:H7, a major foodborne pathogen, which has to be detected in clinical feces samples or food samples, which may also contain non pathogenic E. coli carrying only a subset of these virulence genes. E. Coli will be encapsulated in micrometric droplets, lysed by heating in situ prior performing a multicolour end-point Taqman assay. Our objective is to demonstrate that this test can be successfully applied to real clinical or food samples
6
Trukhanov, Svyatoslav. "Novel approaches for solving large-scale optimization problems on graphs." [College Station, Tex. : Texas A&M University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2986.
Full text
7
Sazima, Ricardo. "PLEX MPLS : analise, projeto e implementação de uma plataforma para experimentos com MPLS com suporte a QoS." [s.n.], 2004. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/259128.
Full textAbstract:
Orientador: Mauricio Ferreira Magalhães<br>Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Eletrica e de Computação<br>Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-04T17:32:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1
Sazima_Ricardo_M.pdf: 1107563 bytes, checksum: a1179beaec699c0dcd87b45284e4a99c (MD5)
Previous issue date: 2004<br>Resumo: Dados a banda de transmissão atualmente disponível, o protocolo (IP) utilizado para transmitir a maior parte de tráfego e a quantidade de tráfego e seus requisitos de aos, a Engenharia de Tráfego (TE, de Traffic Engineering) tomou-se um componente cada vez mais importante nas redes de comunicações. O padrão do IETF para enncaminhamento roteamento entitulado Multi-Protocol Label Switching (MPLS) preenche lacunas importantes neste cenário e é peça chave das metodologias de TE mais sofisticadas. Nesta dissertação é apresentado um modelo genérico de TE e uma proposta para uma Plataforma para Experimentos com MPLS (PLEX MPLS) que permite que o usuário defina, execute, e analise configurações de Engenharia de Tráfego com MPLS em uma rede IP. Os principais objetivos da PLEX MPLS são: . Estudo da tecnologia MPLS e suporte a outros trabalhos em andamento no contexto do
grupo de estudos em MPLS do DCA . Experimentos com engenharia de tráfego com MPLS: validação das tecnologias e conceitos relacionados . Experimentos didáticos em disciplinas de laboratório de redes. Os principais conceitos de TE e MPLS são apresentados como referência, bem como uma descrição do NIST Switch, a plataforma MPLS escolhida para este trabalho. A análise, projeto e implementação da PLEX MPLS são apresentados, pois formam parte significativa do trabalho desenvolvido. A PLEX não só utiliza, como também estende as funcionalidades oferecidas pelo NIST Switch a fim de oferecer um esquema de TE mais completo e eficiente. Na fase de análise, vemos quais os principais requisitos para a implementação desta plataforma, seguindo uma metodologia de Engenharia de Software. Na fase de projeto, vemos as soluções propostas para os problemas identificados na fase de análise e temos uma especificação dos componentes a serem implementados. Na fase seguinte, discutimos a implementação das principais características dos componentes da PLEX, justificando as decisões tomadas. Para validar a implementação da PLEX de acordo com sua proposta, foram realizados alguns experimentos em uma rede de testes com tráfego real. A execução destes experimentos é descrita e seus resultados analisados. Os resultados obtidos assinalam claramente a importância e utilidade de esquemas de TE baseada em MPLS. Uma interessante metodologia para TE, compilada a partir de várias propostas, é apresentada. Finalmente, apontam-se caminhos a seguir em um trabalho futuro de refinamento da PLEX<br>Abstract: Given the bandwidth currently available, the protocol (IP) used to transmit most Internet traffic, the quantity of traffic produced and its QoS requirements, Traffic Engineering (TE) has become an increasingly important component of communications networks. IETF's standard for forwarding/routing, which is entitled Multi-Protocol Label Switching (MPLS), presents important solutions in this scenario playing a major role in more sophisticated TE methodologies. This work presents a generic methodology for TE and a proposal for a Platform for Experiments with MPLS (PLEX MPLS) which allows the user to define, execute and analyze Traffic Engineering configurations with MPLS in an IP network. The main goals of PLEX MPLS are: . Study of the M PLS technology and support of other ongoing works with M PLS in the DCA . Traffic Engineering experiments with MPLS: validation of the related concepts and technologies . Support of didactic experiments in academic disciplines. The main concepts of MPLS and TE are presented as reference, as well as a brief description of NIST Switch, the MPLS software chosen for the PLEX MPLS implementation. The analysis, project and implementation of PLEX MPLS are presented, since are significant part of the developed work. PLEX not only uses, but also extends NIST Switch functionalities to offer a more complete and efficient TE scheme. In the analysis phase the main requirements for the PLEX implementation are specified, following a well-known Software Engineering methodology. The solutions found for the problems identified in the analysis phase are presented in the project phase alongside with a specification of the components that will be implemented. In the next phase, the implementation of PLEX is discussed focusing on the most important characteristics of PLEX components and justifying the implementation ecisions. In order to validate PLEX implementation and its proposal, some experiments were made in a test network with reallive traffic. These experiments are described and its results analyzed. The results obtained clearly indicate the importance and utility of TE schemes based on MPLS. Also an interesting TE methodology compiled from several proposals is presented. Finally, possible improvements and future work on PLEX MPLS are indicated.<br>Mestrado<br>Engenharia de Computação<br>Mestre em Engenharia Elétrica
8
Basten, Mirka [Verfasser]. "mRNA-basierte Quantifizierung von Biomarkern zur Diagnostik von zervikalen intraepithelialen Neoplasien und von Zervixkarzinomen : Validierung des QuantiGene® 2.0 Plex Assays / Mirka Basten." Berlin : Medizinische Fakultät Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1189138999/34.
Full text
9
Smårs, Jonathan. "Implementing Digital Fun : Locating success factors in PC games." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Handelshögskolan, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-39160.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of this paper is to explore the technical implementation of common game design theory in successful PC games today. The study uses a quantitative study to analyze 23 modern successful PC games to identify common success factors which are connected to Arrasvuors et al. (2009) theory of the Playful Experiences Framework, Sutton-Smiths (2001) seven rhetorics of play and Max-Neefs (1991) human needs matrix. The results is a practical checklist of 63 success factors for use in game development. These success factors are present in the successful games and described for implementation in game design for the PC platform. These success factors are then divided into the 7 categories: freedom, immersion, challenge, multiplayer, personal, preference and human needs to provide a better overview of the success factor checklist and connect them to proven game design theory.
10
Cha, Wonhee. "Application of multiplex branched DNA method for the detection and study of avian inlfuenza [i.e. influenza] virus." The Ohio State University, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1211475165.
Full text
11
Howland, Matthew. "Transcriptomic and Secretomic Profiling of Isolated Leukocytes Exposed to Alpha-Particle and Photon Radiation - Applications in Biodosimetry." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/26081.
Full textAbstract:
The general public is at risk of ionising-radiation exposure. The development of high-throughput methods to triage exposures is warranted. Current biodosimetry techniques are low-throughput and encumbered by time and technical expertise. Although there has been an emergence of gene-profiling tools for the purpose of photon biodosimetry, similar capacities do not exist for alpha-particle radiation. Herein is the first genomic study useful for alpha-particle radiation biodosimetric triage. This work has identified robust alpha-particle induced gene-based biomarkers in isolated, ex-vivo irradiated leukocytes from multiple donors. It was found that alpha-particle and photon radiation elicited similar transcriptional responses, which could potentially be distinguished by aggregate-signature analysis. Although no distinct genes were sole indicators of exposure type, clustering algorithms and principal component analysis were able to demarcate radiation type with some success. By comparing the biological effects elicited by photon and alpha-particle radiation, significant contributions have been made to the field of radiation biodosimetry.
12
Walters, Carol. "Development and Evaluation of a Multiplex Suspension Array Protocol for the Detection of Enteric Pathogens from Clinical Specimens." VCU Scholars Compass, 2011. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/246.
Full textAbstract:
Foodborne illnesses are a significant public health challenge in the United States, with an estimated 9.4 million illnesses annually attributed to the consumption of contaminated food, of which 59% are estimated to be caused by viruses, 39% by bacteria and 2% by parasites. Timely detection and identification of the pathogens causing foodborne outbreaks is vital for the implementation of outbreak control strategies, allowing public health officials to prevent additional illnesses and maintain confidence in the food supply. Public health laboratories employ a variety of traditional and molecular testing techniques to identify foodborne outbreak etiologic agents. One technology is the Luminex XMap® microsphere system, which is also marketed as the Bio-Plex™ 200. This platform has a multiplexing capability with the potential to simultaneously detect up to 100 targets in one reaction. The studies described here show that the combination of two Bio-Plex assays with real-time virus assays and one extraction method provides a flexible foodborne outbreak screening algorithm that potentially identifies an outbreak-associated pathogen on the first day of specimen submission and aids in focusing confirmatory laboratory testing. In these studies, two microsphere-based assays were designed for use on the Bio-Plex 200 system as screening assays for the detection of four enteric protozoa (Giardia intestinalis, Cyclospora cayetanensis, Cryptosporidium parvum, Entamoeba histolytica) and six virulence determinants of shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC), enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC), enteroinvasive Escherichia coli (EIEC) and Shigella spp. Precision and limits of detections were established for both assays. The sensitivity and specificity of the protozoan assay as compared to reference methods ranged from 81.25% to 100% for most targets, while sensitivity for the E. histolytica target was 42.86%. Sensitivity and specificity for the bacterial assay was 100% as compared to reference methods. However, cross-reactivity of the protozoan assay E. histolytica target with E. dispar and of the bacterial assay uidA target with enteropathogenic E. coli strains was noted. Additionally, real-time detection of norovirus and rotavirus nucleic acids extracted with the QIAamp DNA Stool Mini Kit was statistically comparable to detection when extracted with the Ambion® MagMAX™-96 Viral RNA Isolation Kit combined with the KingFisher® Magnetic Particle Processor.
13
Abu, Dawood Sumayah Mohammadlutfi. "Students' Attitudes toward Educational Gamification in Online Learning Environments." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2019. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1505265/.
Full textAbstract:
This study explored undergraduate and graduate students' attitudes toward the pleasurability of educational gamification in online learning environments. The study is a sequential explanatory mixed-methods research that investigated students' attitudes quantitatively, then qualitatively. In the quantitative phase, an online survey, the Pleasurable Learning Experiences scale (PLLEXs), was administrated at one of the largest public southwestern universities in the U.S. (N = 119). The qualitative phase involved conducting eight semi-structured interviews with selected participants. The PLLEXs uses a 4-point Likert scale that encompasses 4 subscales: (a) Preferences for Instructions, (b) Preferences for Instructors' Teaching Styles, (c) Preferences for Activities, and (d) Preferences for Learning Effectiveness. A series of analyses of variances (ANOVAs) were used to identify predictors of students' overall attitudes toward educational gamification. The main findings were: (a) students had strong preferences toward educational gamification with Preferences of Instructions rated the highest subscale and Preferences for Activities rated the lowest subscale, (b) major was a statistically significant predictor of students' attitudes toward educational gamification, (c) international students had statistically significant lower preferences toward educational gamification compared with U.S. domestic students, (c) online learning experiences measured by the number of previous online courses and the number of hours spent weekly on computers for academic-related work were statistically significant predictors of students' attitudes toward educational gamification, (d) instructor's feedback was the most important aspect and online collaboration was the most challenging aspect in online learning environments, and (e) the use of multimedia in LMSs can support or hinder teaching and learning activities.
14
Collin, Suzanne. "Interprétation de la cotation des dessins techniques par analyse syntaxique." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992INPL005N.
Full textAbstract:
L'objectif de cette thèse est d'extraire et analyser l'ensemble de la cotation de plans de dessins techniques. Ce travail se scinde en deux parties. La première partie est consacrée à la vectorisation du plan et à l'extraction du texte et des symboles de flèches. La vectorisation est effectuée à partir d'appariements des segments résultant de l'approximation polygonale des contours. L'ensemble du texte est séparé du graphique par analyse de la structure des composantes connexes. Une technique de template matching sur les segments permet d'extraire les flèches. La seconde partie est consacrée à l'analyse de la cotation. Celle-ci est modélisée par une plex-grammaire: terminaux et non terminaux sont assembles grâce à des operateurs de superposition de pôles et de relations topographiques. Une analyse syntaxique ascendante, descendante et démarrant d'un point quelconque de l'image permet d'extraire l'ensemble de la cotation. Nous avons utilisé les avantages du langage à objets smalltalk (héritage et liaison dynamique, en particulier) pour réaliser cette dernière partie
15
Hill, S. Trent (Stanley Trenton). "An Assessment of the University of North Texas's Image among the University of North Texas Administration and Board of Regents, Metro-Plex Business Leaders, the Higher Education Coordinating Board, and the Texas House and Senate Sub-Committees." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1993. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc277969/.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of this study was to ascertain the image of the University of North Texas as perceived by the University Administration and Board of Regents, Texas Higher Education Coordinating Baord and selected Legislators, and the Boards of Directors of the Metroplex area Chambers of Commerce. The significance of the study was to contribute knowledge that could be used to construct a more direct and cost effective marketing plan.
16
Renner, Annelies. "Mise au point de tests "preuve de principe" pour l'étude des inhibiteurs de la Plk1 et caractérisation de la Plk1 en tant que cible dans le traitement des leucémies aigües myéloïdes." Toulouse 3, 2008. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/430/.
Full textAbstract:
La Polo-like kinase1 (Plk1) est un régulateur mitotique majeur, surexprimé dans différents cancers et souvent associé à un mauvais pronostic. D'un point de vue expérimental, l'expression constitutive de la Plk1 dans des cellules NIH 3T3 entraîne leur transformation et leurs confère la capacité à former des tumeurs chez des souris athymiques. De plus, la déplétion de Plk1 dans des cellules cancéreuses induit souvent leur apoptose. Plk1 est donc une cible potentielle très étudiée dans le cadre des thérapies anti-cancéreuses. L'un des objectifs de ma thèse a été de générer des outils moléculaires et cellulaires afin de mettre au point des tests "preuve de principe" rendant compte de l'activité d'inhibiteurs de Plk1. La construction de ces outils avait également pour objectif de mieux appréhender le rôle de Plk1 dans les différentes étapes de la division cellulaire, et de rechercher de nouveaux substrats et partenaires de cette kinase. Des lignées cellulaires inductibles permettant l'expression de la Plk1 sauvage et de différents mutants (inactifs, suractivés) ont été construites. L'effet de l'induction de ces diverses formes de Plk1 sur la prolifération, la répartition des cellules dans le cycle et les substrats de la kinase a été étudié. Comme attendu, plus la protéine est active, plus l'effet sur ces paramètres est marqué. Divers inhibiteurs de Plk1 ont été testés sur ces modèles cellulaires avec, in fine, la mise au point de tests permettant d'évaluer rapidement et à haut débit l'efficacité de molécules inhibitrices. La technologie Luminex a été notamment mise à profit pour doser Plk1 et certains de ses substrats (phosphorylés ou non), représentatifs de l'activité de la kinase, à partir de lysats cellulaires. Cette approche permet d'évaluer l'effet d'inhibiteurs potentiels de Plk1 in cellulo par une série de dosages réalisés simultanément à partir d'extraits cellulaires. Les Leucémies Aiguës Myéloïdes (LAM) sont des hémopathies clonales liées à la transformation maligne d'une cellule souche hématopoïétique qui présente un blocage de maturation et une prolifération anarchique. Les mécanismes moléculaires impliqués dans la dérégulation du cycle cellulaire dans cette pathologie sont encore mal connus. L'un des objectifs de cette étude a été de caractériser le statut et le rôle de la Plk1 dans la physiopathologie des LAM, afin d'évaluer l'intérêt d'un traitement spécifique ciblant cette kinase dans cette pathologie. .<br>Polo-like kinase 1, a major regulator of mitosis, is found overexpressed in many cancers and its overexpression correlates with a bad prognosis. Experimentally, the constitutive expression of Plk1 induces transformation of NIH3T3 cells and confer them the ability to initiate new tumours in athymic mice. In addition, Plk1 depletion in cancer cells induces apoptosis, suggesting that Plk1 may be a new pharmacological target in anticancer therapies. The first aim of my thesis was to generate molecular and cellular tools in order to characterize the activity of Plk1 inhibitors, evaluate the implication of Plk1 in different steps of cell division and to find new partners Plk1. We generated inducible cell lines allowing the expression of wild type and mutants' forms (inactivated, overactivated) of Plk1, and the analysis of their impact on growth, proliferation, cell cycle and also on known substrates of Plk1. As expected, the higher the activity of Plk1 is, the best its impact on these biological processes. We have tested on these inducible cell lines several inhibitors of Plk1, and developed an assay allowing a rapid and highly efficient evaluation of the effect of these inhibitors on the Plk1 pathway. The Luminex methodology was used on cell extracts in order to assess the activity of Plk1 on its downstream effectors. This methodology appears to be very efficient to analyse the effects of putative Plk1 inhibitors in cellulo. The second aim of my thesis was to analyse the status and role of Plk1 in a malignant hemopathy, Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML). AML is a clonal hemopathy characterized by a block in differentiation and by an uncontrolled proliferation of immature leukemic cells. Molecular mechanisms involved in the dysregulation of cell cycle in AML are still poorly understood. We have characterized the expression and the role of Plk1 in AML cell lines and primary cells and analysed the consequences of a specific Plk1 inhibition in this pathology. .
17
Tzerikiantz, Fabienne. "Ples blong mi wea ?" Aix-Marseille 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006AIX10023.
Full textAbstract:
Récits familiaux et souvenirs personnels des gens de la côte ouest de Santo (Vanuatu) permettent de reconstruire l'histoire précoloniale de la région et les micro-migrations qui ont conduit à la formation récente du village hétérogène d'Elia ( 1951-1998). Référents majeurs pour se projeter dans le monde alentour, certains éléments du passé, encore visibles (zones d'habitats, jardins) ou narrés (parcours, conflits, échangess), donnent à tous matière à penser leur personne et leur communauté villageoise, révélant leurs liens profonds avec des enjeux fonciers et politiques actuels. Avant la constitution d'Elia, les opinions des leaders locaux influencèrent en partie les choix de chacun, pesant sur les rapports différentiels aux choses du passé (magies, liens avec les montagnards) et à la modernité. Malgré ces constrastes, ses habitants ont appris à former une communauté, où le "faire ensemble" n'annule cependant ni les individualités ni les futurs variés que chacun envisage.
18
Englund, Lisa. "Något om strafföreläggande : - är Sverige redo för en utveckling med inspiration från det amerikanska plea bargaining-systemet?" Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Juridiska institutionen, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-277200.
Full text
19
Horne, Juliet Susan. "A plea of convenience : an examination of the guilty plea in England & Wales." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2016. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/86730/.
Full textAbstract:
Around 90% of criminal convictions in England & Wales are based on guilty pleas. The criminal justice process places deliberate pressures on defendants to plead guilty, undermining the traditional account of the guilty plea as a voluntary and reliable confession. However, despite the acknowledged risk of wrongful conviction, appeal against guilty plea conviction is limited. Through empirical research and theoretical analysis, this thesis examines how the appeal courts and the Criminal Cases Review Commission (CCRC) respond to challenges to guilty plea convictions and the accounts of the guilty plea they provide to justify these responses. This entails the analysis of appellate caselaw, alongside an examination of CCRC files in guilty plea cases, an observational study of defence plea advice and hearings, and interviews with lawyers and CCRC staff in order to assess whether the accounts offered by the courts and the CCRC have any foundation in practice. The research reveals that the criminal justice system, as designed and operated, prioritises efficiency over fairness and accuracy in its treatment of guilty pleas (reflecting Nobles and Schiff's analysis of tragic choices in the system). Despite the consequent risk of injustice, the appeal courts resist challenges to guilty plea convictions, relying on unsupportable accounts of the guilty plea as a confession, and of defence lawyers as sheltering defendants from plea pressures. In turn, the CCRC's approach to such cases is characterised by confusion and, ultimately, the prioritisation of efficiency and finality. In response, the thesis proposes an account of the guilty plea as the defendant's prediction of the likely trial outcome (the 'defendant-assessed verdict'). While requiring procedural changes to allow defendants to be supported and informed in assessing the case, this account could provide a justification for guilty plea convictions and offer a framework for assessing challenges to such convictions in the future.
20
Winship, Thomas. "A Plea for Literary Journalism." School of Journalism, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/583004.
Full text
21
Aceves, Gabriela. "An analysis of plea bargaining." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1992. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/744.
Full text
22
Ayala, Carlos A. "PLED Enhancement and Re-use." DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2010. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/419.
Full textAbstract:
Polymer light emitting diodes (PLEDs) represent new technology for display applications. However, these polymer based devices could benefit from increased efficiency and material longevity.
This thesis examines how preprocessing PLED indium tin oxide (ITO) anodes and reprocessing previously used substrates can create brighter, more efficient PLEDs. The project accomplishes this by simple changes to fabrication techniques, such as additional cleaning, etching, or thermal annealing, to improve pristine device luminance and efficiency. The project also examines substrate re-use techniques to repair ITO substrate damage, and effects of polymer aging on PLED luminance and efficiency.
PLEDs fabricated with polymer aged to varying degrees exhibit increased efficiency and luminance. Etching previously used substrates allows PLED re-use; substrates etched in hydrochloric acid also demonstrate increased efficiency and luminance.
Preprocessing improves device performance, while etching results in reusable substrates.
23
Pinho, Ângela Maria. "Paralisia congénita do plexo braquial." Master's thesis, Universidade da Beira Interior, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.6/825.
Full textAbstract:
A Paralisia Congénita do Plexo Braquial (PCPB) é uma patologia que tem origem na lesão ao nascer de raízes ou de troncos nervosos do plexo braquial.
Como esta estrutura é responsável pela inervação do membro superior, a sua lesão vai determinar alterações da postura, da mobilidade activa e da sensibilidade do membro lesado, que estão presentes no momento do nascimento (1,2).
Como o recém-nascido é um ser em desenvolvimento, as sequelas a longo prazo da PCPB podem ser de extrema gravidade. Ao compromisso do normal desenvolvimento das estruturas músculo-esqueléticas, poderá adicionar-se a falta de integração do membro lesado no esquema corporal, com graves consequências a nível funcional e estético (3,4).
Classicamente está descrita como associada a dificuldades durante o trabalho de parto e a manobras obstétricas (5), particularmente durante o período expulsivo. A lesão seria provocada pelo afastamento excessivo entre a coluna cervical e o ombro durante o parto, com o estiramento das raízes nervosas do plexo braquial (6).
Após a generalização do parto assistido, a sua frequência reduziu-se consideravelmente. No entanto, apesar da constante melhoria da assistência na gravidez e no parto, a PCPB têm-se mantido com uma incidência estável nas últimas décadas. Por este motivo pensa-se que haverá causas não directamente relacionadas com as manobras obstétricas (1,2). Neste sentido, foi proposta a alteração da sua denominação de “Paralisia Obstétrica do Plexo Braquial”, que é ainda muito divulgada, para PCPB, que subscrevemos (1).
Embora, como já focado, seja um problema que pode causar sequelas graves e permanentes, não existem registos sistemáticos da sua ocorrência a nível nacional. É, por isso, de extrema importância determinar a sua incidência, assim como os principais factores que lhe estão associados, para que, na medida do possível, sejam evitados.
Este estudo tem como finalidade determinar o número de casos PCPB nos recém-nascidos entre 1 de Janeiro de 2005 e 31 de Dezembro de 2008 nas Maternidades dos Hospitais Pêro da Covilhã, Amato Lusitano e Sousa Martins e identificar os factores a eles associados.
Em conclusão, este estudo sugere uma incidência de 5/1000, com o nascimento de 25 casos nos 4974 RN nos hospitais incluídos no estudo e uma possível relação entre a PCPB e a macrossomia fetal à nascença.<br>The Congenital Palsy of the Braquial Plexus (CPBP) is a pathology that consists in
the lesion of the nervous roots of the braquial plexus.
As this structure is responsive for the innervation of the superior member, it is in
the origin of changes in the posture, active mobility and sensibility of the affected
member seen at birth (1,2)
.
As the new-born is a developing being, the sequels at a distant future may be
extremely severe. To the compromise of the normal development of the muscles
structures, it is possible to add lack of integration of the injured member to the
corporal schema, with severe consequences at the functional level (3,4)
.
Classically it is associated with difficulties during labor and with obstetric
procedures, especially during the expulsive period (5)
. The lesion would be
provoked by the excessive separation between the cervical spine and the shoulder
during labor, resulting in the stretching of the nervous roots of the braquial plexus
(6)
.
After the generalization of the assisted labor, its frequency has been greatly
reduced. Meanwhile, besides of the improvement of the medical assistance during
pregnancy and labor, the incidence of this pathology has been kept stable in the
last decades and, there for, its causes won`t have a direct relation with the
obstetric procedures (1,2)
. So, in order to consider different etiologies, the change in
the name to “Congenital palsy of the braquial plexus” was proposed. Although, as said before, it consists in a problem that can cause permanent
sequels, there are no systematic registries of the occurrence in the national
statistics. Therefore, it is extremely important to determine the incidence, as well
as the principal factors associated, so that they can be avoided in order to decrease
the incidence of this pathology.
The aim of this study is to determine the number of cases of CPBP in 27 new-born
between 1 of January of 2005 and 31 of December of 2008 in the maternities of
Pêro da Covilhã, Amato Lusitano and Sousa Martins hospitals, as well as to
determine the principal involved factors.
In conclusion, this study suggests an Incidence of 5 / 1000 with the birth of 25
cases in 4974 newborns in the hospitals included in the study and the possible
interface between the PCPB and fetal macrossomia.
24
Grgurevic, Ana. "Plea bargaining in Montenegro : an examination of the workings of the current system of plea bargaining." Thesis, University of Portsmouth, 2017. https://researchportal.port.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/plea-bargaining-in-montenegro(440631e6-3e29-4009-8ad1-f1ac0717aea0).html.
Full textAbstract:
The present criminal justice systems face challenges in the modern world characterized by the development of new technologies, fast communication, and the interconnection of different and distant parts of the world; in simple terms the challenges of the Earth becoming “a global village.” This causes crime to be more complex and to grow, and consequently criminal justice systems are being burdened with new types of problems. In this context, systems are forced to try to deal with criminal cases in a more efficient and faster way, to define priorities and look for alternatives to the classical trial which requires significant time, effort and resources. One of these alternative ways is plea agreements, or as is more commonly said plea bargaining. This legal instrument is present in its different forms in a number of national legal systems, as well as in international law. This work deals with its development, application and potential future in Montenegro. First, the key features and principles of plea bargaining as a legal institution are presented in this work, demonstrating its strongest and most complex presence in the United States as the country of its origin, but also in other countries and in international law. After that, the thesis deals with the development, regulation, as well as the extent of the presence of plea bargaining practices in Montenegro, at the same time providing a comparison with two neighboring counties, Serbia and Croatia. Furthermore, through a number of interviews conducted with Montenegrin prosecutors, defense attorneys and judges as the main actors in this process, the thesis focuses on discovering how the practice functions in reality, and what hides behind the relatively simple legal provisions that regulate this issue. After identifying the key, very interesting, issues that emerge from practical experience, the thesis presents the relevant implications for the future, and a number of related conclusions and recommendations.
25
Fitzgerald, Oonagh E. "The guilty plea and summary justice." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/5914.
Full text
26
Ontong, Krystle. "'n Ondersoek na 'n sin van plek en 'n pedagogie van plek in 'n Wes-Kaapse skool." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/85593.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (PhD)--Stellenbosch University, 2013.<br>ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This study attempted to present a nuanced perspective on the sense of place of learners and the extent to which teachers practice a pedagogy of place. In the study, the researcher investigated the sense of place of twelve Grade 6 and 8 learners at a school, situated in an eco-village in the Stellenbosch vicinity. The assumption is being made that the eco-village is a more conducive context for cultivating a sense of place amongst learners. The group consisted of six learners that did not live in the eco-village and six learners that did live there. Furthermore, an attempt was made to determine what the two Social Sciences teachers' understanding of the concept "place" was, the extent to which they practiced a pedagogy of place and the influence that the eco-village had on their teaching approach. The research report comprises two components, namely (a) a theoretical-philosophical component, and (b) an empirical component.
The aim of the theoretical component was to explore the idea of a "sense of place" critically. This was done firstly, by emphasising the nexus between place and space, secondly, to present more clarity on the concept "place" by discussing the multiple meanings underpinning the concept, and lastly, to investigate a sense of place as a multi-dimensional concept.
Against the background of a sense of place and pedagogy of place, I critically analysed the South African curriculum statements of the Social Sciences learning area for Grades R to nine, in order to determine how these policy statements address the concept place. Teachers are confronted with these statements on a regular basis and the assumption is that the emphasis being placed on this concept in the statements might have an impact on their pedagogy.
This assumption was further explored in the interviews that were conducted with teachers, in an attempt not only to determine their understanding of the concept "place" but also to determine the extent to which they practice a pedagogy of place.
Before interviews were conducted with teachers, it firstly determined what learners' sense of place is regarding where they live and attend school. The aim was to establish the differences, similarities, overlappings (if any) between these two groups.
This study serves as a confirmation of the complexity regarding educational discourses and practices that explicitly examine the place-specific nexus between the environment, culture and education. It challenges teachers and educators in environmental education to expand the scope of their theory, investigation and practice in order to include the social and ecological contexts of our own inhabitation and those of others. In other words the challenge for teachers and educators lies in reflecting on the relationship between the type of education that they strive for and the type of place that we inhabit and leave behind for future generations.<br>AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie studie het dit ten doel gehad om 'n genuanseerde perspektief te bied op leerders se sin van plek asook die mate waartoe onderwysers 'n pedagogie van plek toepas. Tydens die studie is die sin van plek onder twaalf graad 6- en 8-leerders aan 'n skool, geleë in 'n eko-dorpie in die Stellenbosch-omgewing ondersoek. Die aanname is gemaak dat die eko-dorpie meer bevorderlik is vir die kweek van 'n sin van plek by leerders. Die groep het bestaan uit ses leerders wat nie in die eko-dorpie woon nie en ses leerders wat wel daar woon. Verder is daar gepoog om te bepaal wat die twee Sosiale Wetenskappe-onderwysers se opvatting van die konsep "plek" is, tot watter mate hulle 'n pedagogie van plek toepas en die invloed wat die eko-dorpie op hulle onderrigbenadering het. Die navorsingsverslag bestaan dus uit twee komponente, naamlik (a) 'n teoreties-filosofiese komponent en (b) 'n empiriese komponent.
Met betrekking tot die teoretiese komponent is daar beoog om die gedagte van 'n sin van plek te verken deur dit krities te ondersoek. Dit is gedoen deur eerstens die verband tussen plek en ruimte te bespreek, tweedens meer duidelikheid omtrent die konsep "plek" te verkry deur die veelvuldige betekenisse aan die lig te bring en laastens om "sin van plek" as 'n multidimensionele begrip te ondersoek.
Wat betref sin van plek en 'n pedagogie van plek, is daar verder beoog om die Suid-Afrikaanse kurrikulumverklarings ten opsigte van die leerarea Sosiale Wetenskappe vir grade R tot nege krities te analiseer om te bepaal tot watter mate die beleidsdokumente die konsep "plek" behandel. Onderwysers word op 'n daaglikse basis met hierdie verklarings gekonfronteer en die aanname is dat die klem wat op die konsep "plek" gelê word, 'n invloed op hulle pedagogie as sodanig sal hê.
Hierdie aanname is verder verken in die onderhoude wat met onderwysers gevoer is waar daar nie net gepoog is om hulle opvatting van die konsep "plek" te bepaal nie, maar ook om vas te stel tot watter mate hulle 'n pedagogie van plek beoefen.
Alvorens daar met onderwysers onderhoude gevoer is, is daar eerstens bepaal wat leerders se sin van plek is met betrekking tot waar hulle woon en skoolgaan. Daar is beoog om die verskille, ooreenkomste en oorvleuelings (indien enige) tussen die twee groepe leerders se sin van plek vas te stel. Die studie dien as 'n bevestiging van die kompleksiteit aangaande opvoedkundige diskoerse en praktyke wat eksplisiet die plek-spesifieke neksus tussen die omgewing, kultuur en onderwys bestudeer. Dit stel onderwysers en opvoedkundiges in omgewingsopvoeding voor die uitdaging om die omvang van hulle teorie, ondersoek en praktyk uit te brei om sodoende die sosiale en ekologiese agtergrond van ons eie en ander se bewoning in te sluit. Met ander woorde, die uitdaging vir onderwysers en opvoedkundiges lê dus daarin om te reflekteer oor die verhouding tussen die tipe opvoeding wat hulle nastreef en die tipe plekke wat ons bewoon en nalaat vir toekomstige generasies.<br>Andrew Mellon Foundation
27
Ygge, Erik. "Plea bargain i Sverige : En komparativ studie om samverkan i straffprocessen." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Juridiska institutionen, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-195987.
Full textAbstract:
Syftet med uppsatsen är att undersöka möjligheten att effektivisera det svenska rättsväsendet med hjälp av ett plea bargain-liknande institut. Plea bargain skulle medföra kortare processer vid brottmål vilket i sin tur medför ett billigare rättssystem och mindre tryck på domstolarna. Kostnaden för en sådan vinning kan vara minskad rättssäkerhet och konflikter med gällande rätt och allmänna principer.
28
Hawkins, A. J. O. "Bargain justice : plea bargaining and negotiated punishment." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.603865.
Full textAbstract:
Plea bargaining is frequently regarded as a deeply troublesome phenomenon. A negative view of plea bargaining is widely held, yet seems often to be little more than received knowledge. With this in mind, this dissertation reassesses plea bargaining to ask whether in some circumstances, the process might in fact be justifiable, or at least preferable to the traditional model of trial which it subverts; and if so, under what conditions. It also examines the dynamics of the bargaining process, and how these are shaped, in order to ask whether there are any aspects of plea bargaining as negotiation which could be developed to make this form of criminal case resolution more just and acceptable. Part One provides a theoretical picture of the plea bargain. An introductory chapter suggests two useful outlooks on plea bargaining as an instance of dispute handling, and as a negotiated process. Chapter Two takes an external perspective, locating negotiation within the ecology of disputing processes more generally. Chapter Three moves to an internal perspective, in order to examine the actual dynamics of plea bargaining decision-making. Part Two turns to the outcome, process, and organisational values of plea bargaining. Amongst other things, the discussion addresses various pervasive critiques of the practice, such as that it results in like cases being treated differently; that it is coercive; and that it is a mere vehicle of efficiency. A third and final part (Chapter Eight) draws some conclusions about plea bargaining. I suggest that plea bargaining may in fact be justifiable in some circumstances, and offer some prescriptions for the satisfactory running of systems of negotiated justice (many of which are pertinent whether plea bargaining is officially favoured or not). I also comment on themes emerging from the thesis which are larger than the particular issue of plea bargaining, such as informality and discretion within criminal justice systems, and the need for theoretical synthesis of existing empirical research relevant to a given phenomenon.
29
Kerscher, Martin. "Plea bargaining in South Africa and Germany." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/80257.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (LLM)--Stellenbosch University, 2013.<br>Bibliography<br>ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Plea bargaining describes the act of negotiating and concluding agreements in the criminal procedure. Usually the prosecutor and the accused agree that the accused will plead guilty to the charge brought against him in exchange for some concession from the prosecution. The bargain is not limited to the presented subject. Agreements can contain the non-prosecution or reduction of charges, specific terms of punishment, conditions of probation and much more. In many countries the vast majority of criminal cases are disposed by way of bargaining. Plea bargaining breaches with the concept of a conventional trial and consequently clashes with well-known fundamental principles of the criminal procedure. Moreover, bargaining before criminal trials strongly implicates the constitutionally secured rights of the accused as well as of the public interest. Although plea bargaining is broadly criticized for its implications on essential rules and principles, the use of the practice is widespread. There are clear benefits to the participant, such as to avoid a lengthy trial with an uncertain outcome. South Africa, as a legal system with roots in the common law, adopted the procedure in 2001 with the implementation of s 105A into the Criminal Procedure Act. The German legislature in 2009 decided to regulate what until then had been informal practice by inserting several rules into the German criminal procedure, amongst which s 257c contains the main provisions. The implementation of bargains into the German law has produced tensions particularly due to the inquisitorial basis of the criminal procedure that stands in civil law tradition.
This thesis evaluates how South African and German provisions on plea bargaining differ, i.e., on which different backgrounds they are based on, how the bargain procedures are construed and to what extent statutory plea bargaining in both legal systems displaces informal traditional agreements. The comparison is enriching under the aspect that both countries implemented the bargain procedure but had to place them on fundamentally different grounds.
Having presented the grounds that motivated the research (Chapter I.), the origins of plea bargaining in general as well as the legal development toward the present statutory provisions in both countries are examined (Chapter II.). The bargain procedures are compared in detail (Chapter IV.). A large part focuses on particular problem areas and how both legal systems cope with them (Chapter V.). The result of the research is summarized in a conclusion (Chapter VI.).<br>AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Pleitonderhandeling kan beskryf word as die proses van onderhandel en die aangaan van ooreenkomste in die strafproses. Die vervolging en die verdediging sal gewoonlik ooreenkom dat die beskuldigde skuldig sal pleit in ruil vir een of meer toegewings deur die vervolging. Ooreenkomste kan insluit die nie-vervolging of vermindering van klagte, spesifieke aspekte van vonnis, voorwaardes van parool en talle meer. In ‘n hele aantal lande word die oorgrote meerderheid van sake afgehandel by wyse van pleitooreenkomste. Dit is egter duidelik dat pleitooreenkomste in konflik is met die konsep van ‘n gewone verhoor en is gevolglik ook in konflik met van die grondbeginsels van die strafprosesreg. Dit raak ook die grondwetlike regte van beskuldigdes en die belange van die samelewing. Ten spyte van hierdie kritiek en meer, is die praktyk van pleitonderhandeling wydverspreid. Daar blyk besliste voordeel te wees vir die deelnemende partye, byvoorbeeld die vermyding van lang verhore met onsekere beslissings. Suid-Afrika (met ‘n sterk gemeenregtelike tradisie) het die praktyk van pleitonderhandeling formeel en per statuut in 2001 aanvaar, met die aanvaarding en invoeging van artikel 105A in die Strafproseswet, 1977. Die wetgewer in Duitsland het in 2009 besluit om die informele praktyk van pleitonderhandeling te formaliseer met die invoeging van sekere bepalings in die Duitse strafproseskode. Hierdie invoeging het sekere spanning veroorsaak in die Duitse strafproses, veral weens die inkwisitoriese tradisie in daardie jurisdiksie.
Hierdie tesis evalueer die Suid-Afrikaanse en Duitse benaderings tot pleitonderhandelinge, hoe dit verskil, die verskillende regskulturele kontekste waarbinne dit plaasvind, en die mate waartoe pleitonderhandeling in beide sisteme informele ooreenkomste vervang het. Die vergelykende ondersoek bevind dat beide stelsels die pleitooreenkoms ingestel het, maar dit moes doen mvn fundamenteel verskillende gronde.
Hoofstuk I (die motivering vir die studie), word gevolg deur ‘n historiese ondersoek (Hoofstuk II). Die verdere hoofstukke fokus op die regsvergelykende aspekte en die gevolgtrekkings word in Hoofstuk VI uiteengesit.
30
Majozi, Nkosinathi Levion. "Plea bargaining in South Africa and England." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/73243.
Full textAbstract:
This dissertation is comparative study of plea bargaining in South Africa and England. It covers when plea bargaining was embraced in the South African criminal justice system. Plea bargaining defines the act of negotiating and concluding contracts in the context of criminal proceedings. Usually the prosecutor and the accused agree that, the accused will plead guilty to the charge brought against him in return for a concession from the prosecution. The agreement is not restricted to the subject matter submitted. Agreements can include charges that are not prosecuted or reduced, particular terms of penalty, probation requirements, and much more. The vast majority of criminal instances are resolved through negotiation in many nations. Plea bargaining infringes the notion of a standard trial and thus conflicts with well-known basic principles of criminal proceedings. In addition, negotiation before criminal trials heavily involves both the accused and the public interest's constitutionally guaranteed rights.<br>Mini Dissertation (LLM)--University of Pretoria, 2019.<br>Procedural Law<br>LLM<br>Restricted
31
Krňávek, Tomáš. "Analýza trhu péče o pleť v ČR." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-149804.
Full textAbstract:
The Master Thesis cover field of cosmetic and skincare market. It starts with a brief excurs into history of cosmetics followed by description of main product categories. Further it analyses the competition on cosmetic market and compare czech market to western markets. It covers widely the marketing mix in different market segments. Than an internet questionaire is analysed and that data is later used for segmentation, using IBM SPSS Statistics program. Discovered segments are than developed and autor prepare a short marketing mix for each segment.
32
Tavares, Gabriela Pires. "Será que o plexo coróide pode cheirar?" Master's thesis, Universidade da Beira Interior, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.6/726.
Full textAbstract:
O plexo coróide (CP) é uma estrutura ramificada e altamente vascularizada que se encontra alojada nos ventrículos cerebrais, formando uma interface única entre o sangue e o líquido cefalorraquidiano, CSF. A principal função deste tecido é a formação do CSF, através do qual, o CP fornece nutrientes e um conjunto vasto de neuropéptidos que nutrem e protegem todo o sistema nervoso central (SNC).
O CP é por isso um tecido importantíssimo para manter o equilíbrio de todo o SNC, pela monitorização e manutenção do ambiente bioquímico extracelular cerebral.
Um estudo de “microarrays” de cDNA, realizado previamente no laboratório do CICS, em CPs de ratos Wistard Han, machos e fêmeas, permitiu constatar que existem uma série de vias de sinalização reguladas pelas hormonas sexuais, entre as quais, a via de transdução olfactiva.
Neste contexto e uma vez que as proteínas que constituem a via de transdução olfactiva foram já identificadas noutros tecidos, mostrando-se esta, activa e funcional, realizou-se este estudo com o objectivo de comprovar a expressão das mesmas proteínas no CP de rato e prever a funcionalidade da transdução olfactiva neste tecido.
A análise da transcrição do RNAm foi desenvolvida por RT-PCR e PCR em tempo real e a expressão das proteínas foi comprovado por Western blot, imunohistoquimica e imunofluorescência.
Todos os principais constituintes da via olfactiva foram identificados no CP: os receptores olfactivos (OR 63, OR 19, OR 600, OR 620/624 e OR 1496), a adenil ciclase tipo III (ACIII) e a subunidade α da proteína G específica do olfacto (Gαolf).
Os resultados obtidos neste trabalho experimental sugerem que a cascata de sinalização da transdução olfactiva pode estar activa no CP, uma vez que as várias proteínas que a constituem se encontram expressas neste tecido. Esta via pode regular a monitorização do CSF, através de moléculas químicas solúveis neste fluido, induzindo respostas celulares de acordo com as necessidades fisiológicas do SNC.<br>The choroid plexuses (CPs) are highly vascularized branched structures that protrude into the ventricles
of the brain, and form a unique interface between the blood and the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). The
best recognized function of the this tissue is cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) production, from which, CP
nourish and protect all central nervous system(CNS), providing nutrients and a set of neuropeptides as
cytokines and metabolizing enzymes, growth factors and hormones.
Therefore CP plays an important role monitoring and buffering extracellular brain fluid, which keeps in
balance of all CNS.
A CP microarray study was performed, in our investigation center, in order to understand CP
transcriptome and particularly, the effect of sex hormones in the total transcriptome.
The analysis of microarray results allowed the identification of several up and down regulated
pathways and revealed that one of the principal ones was the olfactory transduction.
Olfactory-like chemosensory signalling occurs outside the olfactory epithelium, in other tissues where it
also monitors the composition of body fluids. This work aims at analyzing if the olfactory machinery is
expressed in the CP and forecast its functionality in this tissue.
The RNA analysis was performed by real-time PCR and conventional PCR, and protein analysis by
western blot, immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence. We found that major components of
olfaction, including olfactory receptors (OR 63, OR 19, OR 600, OR 620/624 e OR 1496), olfactoryrelated adenylate cyclase (ACIII) and olfactory G protein (Gαolf), are expressed in the CP. These results
suggest that olfactory-like chemosensory pathway might be active in CP and could function as a
detector of soluble chemical molecules in CSF therefore inducing cellular responses according to CNS
physiological needs.
33
Barreto, Ana Silvia Carvalho de Menezes. "Estudo comparativo histologico e imunoistoquimico de tumores benignos e malignos do plexo coroide e do plexo coroide fetal normal." [s.n.], 2001. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/310142.
Full textAbstract:
Orientadores: Jose Vassallo, Luciano de Souza Queiroz<br>Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas<br>Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-01T20:24:43Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1
Barreto_AnaSilviaCarvalhodeMenezes_M.pdf: 10019834 bytes, checksum: 2ccd29563921665a5025ecca500b7ce1 (MD5)
Previous issue date: 2001<br>Resumo: INTRODUÇÃO: os tumores do plexo coróide (TPC) são raros. A literatura mostra grande variação na reatividade imunoistoquímica de diversos marcadores. Os resultados são controversos, mesmo em relação ao perfil imunoistoquímico do plexo coróide.
OBJETIVOS: estudar o padrão imunoistoquímico dos TPC para obter dados úteis no diagnóstico diferencial de tumores anaplásicos; comparar os achados com o perfil imunoistoquímico de plexos coróides fetais normais (pCFN) e avaliar se durante o processo de transformação neoplásica as células readquiram características fetais. MATERIAL E MÉTODOS: 13 TPC foram diagnosticados entre 1966 e 1999 em pacientes até 25 anos: 5 papilomas (PP), 2 carcinomas bem diferenciados (BCA), 6 carcinomas pouco diferenciados (PCA) e 5 plexos coróides fetais normais (pCFN). Estes foram submetidos a estudo imunoistoquímico em cortes parafinados, utilizando-se um painel incluindo marcadores epiteliais, neuronais e mesenquimais. RESULTADOS / CONCLUSÕES: a pancitoqueratina AE1/AE3 foi fortemente positiva em todos 13 casos, inclusive nas áreas pouco diferenciadas dos PCA, onde a reatividade foi focal em 3 e difusa em 3 casos. Em contraste com a literatura, citoqueratina de baixo peso molecular (35'beta'H11) não foi expressa em nenhum dos 8 casos de carcinoma, mas esteve presente nos 5 PP. Em 4/6 PCA houve imuno-reatividade para actina de músculo liso (1A4) em 10 a 30% das células. Isto foi verdadeiro também para um caso onde não havia células do tipo rabdóide. Em contraste com a literatura, a lamininanão foi de ajuda no diagnóstico dos PCA, pois não foi detectada nos 6 casos. Em todos os PCFN houve positividade para OFAP e negatividade para 35'beta'H11. A reação imunohistoquímica para 35'beta'H11 nos casos de PCFN assemelhou-se aos resultados dos 8 casos de carcinoma e diferiu dos 5 PP. Este fato pode indicar que durante a transformação maligna as células neoplásicas readquirem alguns marcadores imunoistoquímicos presentes nas células fetais<br>Abstract: Background: Choroid plexus tumors (CPT) are rare. Literature shows great variation in immunohistochemicalreactivity of several markers. Results are controversial even regarding the immunohistochemicalprofile of normal choroid plexus. Objectives: To study the immunohistochemical pattem of CPT, in order to obtain helpful data for differential diagnosis of anaplastic tumors. To compare the findings with the immunoprofileof normal fetal choroid plexus (NFCP) to evaluate whether during neoplastic transformation the cells regain fetal features. Material & Methods: 13 CPT were diagnosed in our service between 1966 and 1999 in patients up to 25 years old: 5 papillomas (PP), 2 well differentiated carcinomas (WCA), 6 poorly differentiated carcinomas (PCA) and 5 NFCP were submitted to
immunohistochemical study on paraffin sections using a panel including epithelial, neuronal and stromal markers. Results/Conclusions: Pancytokeratin AE1/AE3 was strongly positive in all 13 cases, even in the undifferentiated component of PCA, where reactivity was focal in 3 and diffuse in 3 cases. In contrast with the literature, low molecular weight cytokeratin (35'beta'H11) was not expressed in any of the 8 cases of carcinoma, but was present in all 5 PP. In 4/6 PCA there was reactivity for smooth muscle actin (1A4) in 10 to 30% of the cells.
This was true also for one case lacking rhabdoid cells. In contrast with the literature laminin was not a helpful tool in the diagnosis of PCA, as it was undetectable in all 6 cases. All 5 NFCP expressed GFAP, in contrast with previous reports. Lack of expression of 35'beta'H11among NFCP (0/5 cases) was similar to what was observed in carcinomas, and differed from expression in ali of PP. This may indicate that upon malignant transformation neoplastic cells regain some immunohistochemical features of fetal cells<br>Mestrado<br>Anatomia Patologica<br>Mestre em Ciências Médicas
34
Correia, Fábio Conte. "Síntese e caracterização de polímeros contendo 9,9-dioctilfluoreno e 8-oxioctilquinolina para utilização como camada emissora de PLEDs." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3133/tde-11072014-115535/.
Full textAbstract:
Utilizando a reação de acoplamento de Suzuki, novos polímeros e copolímeros semicondutores com elevado potencial para a fabricação de PLEDs foram sintetizados, tendo como finalidade unir em uma única camada emissiva, na forma de copolímeros ou na forma de blendas, materiais com propriedades transportadoras e injetoras de elétrons; grupos quinolina associados a materiais com elevadas propriedades de emissão de luz contendo grupos fluoreno. Esses copolímeros sintetizados, todos ainda não descritos na literatura ou em patentes, apresentaram rendimentos acima de 70% e rendimentos quânticos de fotoluminescência entre 60% e 83%, foram utilizados como camada emissiva na construção de PLEDs. Estes PLEDs foram caracterizados quanto ao seu comportamento elétrico através da obtenção de curvas de corrente em função da tensão (IxV) e dos espectros de eletroluminescência. Os resultados mostraram que a incorporação da quinolina aos copolímeros aumentou a sua estabilidade térmica, observada pela temperatura de inicio de degradação que elevou-se em até 80°C. Nos PLEDs, houve melhorias no balanceamento de cargas, dispensando até mesmo a deposição de uma camada adicional transportadora de elétrons (ETL). As tensões de operação desses dispositivos ficaram entre 2,0 e 5,2 V, com emissão entre 525 e 590nm. Esses materiais também tiveram as suas estruturas caracterizadas por ressonância magnética nuclear de hidrogênio, termogravimetria, calorimetria diferencial exploratória, espectroscopias no UV-Vis e no infravermelho, fluorimetria no UV-vis e cromatografia de permeação em gel. Filmes Langmuir e Langmuir- Blodgett dos copolímeros foram preparados e caracterizados por espectroscopia com luz polarizada de reflexão e absorção no infravermelho (PM-IRRAS) e por microscopia de força atômica (AFM).<br>New polymers and copolymers with a high potential for PLEDs constructions have been synthesized by Suzuki reaction and aims together in a single emissive layer in the form of copolymers or blended, materials with transporting and electron injection properties; quinoline groups linked to materials with high light emission properties as fluorene group. All these copolymers have not been described in literature or in patents, presented yields above 70%, quantum yields between 60% and 83% and were used as emissive layer in PLEDs. These PLEDs were characterized concerning their electrical behavior, by the characteristic J-V diode curves, and their electroluminescence. The results showed that the presence of quinoline increased its thermal stability at around 80° C and the PLEDs built with the synthesized copolymers do not need an extra ETL. The operating voltages of these devices were observed between 2.0 and 5.2 V with EL emission between 525 and 590nm. These new materials were also characterized by hydrogen nuclear magnetic resonance, thermogravimetry, differential scanning calorimetry, UV-Vis, Fluorescence and IR spectroscopy and gel permeation chromatography. Langmuir e Langmuir-Blodgett films were made and characterized by Polarization-Modulation Infrared Reflection-Absorption Spectroscopy (PM-IRRAS) and atomic force microscopy (AFM).
35
Bowen, Jane Elizabeth. "Factors affecting conventional and molecular detection of Bacillus anthracis in the environment and the stability of B. anthracis identification plasmids PX01 and PX02 in vitro." Thesis, Open University, 2000. http://oro.open.ac.uk/58018/.
Full textAbstract:
Conventional and molecular methods for the improved detection of B. anthracis in environmental material were studied. A system was developed which combines a selective enrichment broth with two-phase concentration using polyethylene glycol and potassium phosphate to form the two immiscible phases. The enrichment broth alone, based on polymyxin B sulphate, lysozyme, EDTA and thallous acetate, which comprise PLET agar (PLETA), allowed the selective recovery of B. anthracis from a mixture of B. anihracis and closely related B. cereus. When soil was added to the broth, however, B. anthracis was rapidly overgrown by other naturally occurring Bacillus species. Recovery of B. anlhracis was improved by using semi-solid PLET broth or by adding chelating agents or the monobactam antibiotic aztreonam to the broth. The combination of chemicals required for optimal recovery of B. anthracis varied according to the composition of the soil. Use of the two-phase concentration system showed that in soil B. anthracis spores are generally attached to soil particles and need to be separated before they can be concentrated. Separation was achieved by pre-soaking the soil in water. The sensitivity of standard PLETA is approximately 5- 50 spores per gram of soil depending on the sample composition. The system finally recommended for the most reliable and sensitive detection of spores in soil achieved an average 25 fold greater sensitivity than PLETA. Further enrichment of the B. anthrcicis concentrate obtained using the optimised enrichment method allowed the PCR detection of B. cinthracis DNA. The sensitivity of the PCR was affected by the composition of the soil. In the absence of inhibition the PCR detection limit was approximately 10 - 100 spores per gram. A multiplex PCR was developed which targets DNA from pXO1, pX02 and the B. anthracis chromosome. The PCR allowed the rapid identification of colonies suspected of being B. anthracis. In addition to being essential for the definitive identification of B. anthracis, the ability to determine the presence of virulence plasmids in B. anthracis has reduced the need to use animals for virulence tests. Attenuated pX01<sup>+</sup>/pX02<sup>-</sup> or pX01<sup>-</sup>/pX02<sup>-</sup> strains of B. anthracis are occasionally found in the environment. Naturally occurring pX01<sup>-</sup>/pX02<sup>-</sup> derivatives have not been isolated. No other plasmid DNA has been identified in B. anthracis. To examine the nature of the stability of pX01 and pX02 in B. anthracis, the effect of selective pressure for non-indigenous plasmid DNA that had been introduced into B. nnthracis was studied. A plasmid based on the minimal replicon of pAMß 1 (pAEX-5E, 5.8. kb) was found to be stable in pX01<sup>+</sup>/pX02<sup>-</sup> and pX01<sup>-</sup>/pX02<sup>+</sup> derivatives of B. anthracis for more than 100 generations of growth. In the pX01<sup>+</sup>/pX02<sup>-</sup> and pX01<sup>+</sup>/pX02<sup>-</sup> derivatives of B. anthracis, pAEX-5E was expelled within 105 culture generations. Loss of pAEX-5E was most rapid in the pX01<sup>+</sup>/pX02<sup>-</sup> derivative. Plasmids pXOI and pX02 both remained stable under selection pressure for pAEX-5E, and in the pX01<sup>+</sup>/pX02<sup>-</sup> derivative retention of pX01 led to a reduction in growth rate. This indicates that, in the absence of pX02, B. anlhracis will endure a significant metabolic compromise in order to retain pX01. This study has provided extensive new information about the selective recovery of B. anthracis. in environmental material and novel'data about the stability of identity plasmids pXO1 and pX02 under selective pressure for non-indigenous plasmid DNA.
36
Bowen, Deirdre M. "An analysis of alternative methods of plea negotiations /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/8895.
Full text
37
Gilliéron, Gwladys. "Strafbefehlsverfahren und plea bargaining als Quelle von Fehlurteilen /." Zürich : Schulthess, 2010. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=018968630&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.
Full text
38
Olchanowski, Nikolai. "Plea Bargaining : análise desde a filosofia da pena." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFPR, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1884/47597.
Full textAbstract:
Orientadora : Profa. Dra. Clara Maria Roman Borges<br>Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal do Paraná, Setor de Ciências Jurídicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Direito. Defesa: Curitiba, 05/04/2017<br>Inclui referências : f. 125-139<br>Resumo: Para acessar o debate moral em torno das práticas de plea bargaining é necessário compreender a concepção peculiar de pena e sua especial necessidade de justificação como prática política. Dentro das justificações morais para a pena, a vertente retributivista mostra-se dominante em círculos de filosofia da pena contemporâneos. Embora não sem controvérsia, é possível apontar para um quadro do retributivismo, com seus princípios orientadores. A partir desses princípios orientadores são analisadas as práticas de plea bargaining, as quais apresentam inúmeros pontos de atrito com as justificativas da pena, mesmo nas vertentes não retributivistas. Na sequência, são apresentadas e discutidas as justificativas mais importantes para a plea bargaining, passando pelas justificativas penalógicas e por aqueles marcadamente pautadas na lógica de mercados. Por fim, o argumento de que os negócios penais são obtidos sem a voluntariedade dos acusados é testado, com a discussão em torno da coação inerente a esses acordos. Palavras-chave: Pena; Retributivismo; Plea bargaining; Justiça Negocial; Acordos Penais; Voluntariedade.<br>Abstract: As a way to access the moral debate about plea bargaining it is necessary to grasp the peculiar concept of punishment and its special need for a justification as a political practice. Within the moral justifications for punishment, retributivist theories appear dominant in the contemporary community of philosophy of punishment. Although not absent of controversy, it is possible to build a framework of retributivism by pointing at its guiding principles. Plea bargaining is analyzed from these guiding principles. Various points of friction with the justifications of punishment are identified, even from a non-retributivism point of view. Next, the most important justifications for plea bargaining are presented and discussed, from the penalogical justifications to those marked by market rationality. At last, the argument that plea bargains are achieved without the voluntariness of the defendants is tested, with references to discussion on the inherent coercion of such deals. Keywords: Punishment; Retributivism; Plea bargaining; Negotiated Justice; Plea bargains; Voluntariness.
39
Araújo, Amanda de Souza. "Dor miofascial nas lesões traumáticas do plexo braquial." Escola de Medicina e Saúde Pública, 2013. http://www7.bahiana.edu.br//jspui/handle/bahiana/57.
Full textAbstract:
Submitted by Edileide Reis (leyde-landy@hotmail.com) on 2015-04-13T20:19:04Z
No. of bitstreams: 1
Amanda de Souza Araújo.pdf: 1684567 bytes, checksum: ff09183036062c426604967e5d00014d (MD5)<br>Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-13T20:19:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1
Amanda de Souza Araújo.pdf: 1684567 bytes, checksum: ff09183036062c426604967e5d00014d (MD5)
Previous issue date: 2013<br>A lesão do plexo braquial (LPB) é uma condição frequentemente associada a alterações sensitivas, motoras e a intenso quadro álgico. Pontos-gatilho geradores de dor miofascial podem ser a causa principal de dores musculoesqueléticas ou ocorrer em combinação com outros fatores, mas até o momento, a sua presença não foi investigada nesta população. Objetivo: Estimar a prevalência de dor miofascial em indivíduos com LPB. Método: Trata-se de um estudo transversal realizado com 31 voluntários que sofreram LPB traumática, atendidos no período de dois anos em três centros de referência para o tratamento da LPB. Todos os participantes foram avaliados quanto à presença de pontos-gatilho miofasciais (PGM) em músculos específicos e tiveram dados sociodemográficos e clínicos relacionados à lesão e à dor coletados por uma ficha de avaliação que incluía a Escala Visual Analógica, Brief Pain Inventory, Douleur Neuropathique 4 e McGill Pain Questionnaire. Resultados: A amostra foi composta predominantemente por indivíduos do sexo masculino (93,5%) com idade inferior a 30 anos (58%) e que tiveram como causa da lesão, acidentes motociclísticos (77,4%). A prevalência de dor miofascial foi de 38,7%. Os músculos do lado lesionado foram mais acometidos por PGM do que os contralaterais. Conclusão: Os resultados deste estudo sugerem que componentes miofasciais podem estar envolvidos na dor de indivíduos com lesão traumática do plexo braquial.
40
Meheretu, Alemu. "Introducing plea bargaining in Ethiopia : concerns and prospects." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2014. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/74194/.
Full textAbstract:
The thesis is about a contextual and prospective analysis of the Ethiopian variant of plea bargaining focusing on the major components of legal culture, legal structure and principles of criminal law and procedure. To this end, it makes use of a thorough analysis of policy and reform documents, laws, as well as comparative literature, interviews and questionnaires. The thesis argues that the Ethiopian variant of plea bargaining is less desirable and feasible. It hardly fits into the Ethiopian legal system for it is constrained by inherent due process concerns in an exacerbated fashion as well as structural/institutional and cultural limitations. Here three subarguments emerge: First, plea bargaining which inherently relates less to evidence and circumvents fundamental principles of criminal law and procedure, aimed at ensuring the integrity of the process, is likely to yield , inter alia, inaccurate outcomes- the innocence problem. With a less developed legal structure (weak defence in particular) and weak legal culture/rule of law, the problem would be exceptionally formidable in Ethiopia. Second, huge structural and functional limitations of legal institutions- the police, the prosecution, the judiciary, and the defence/legal aid, mean plea bargaining would not fare well. Third, plea bargaining tends to be incompatible with the prevailing legal culture. In America and Western Europe, it is often characterized by problems of fairness and outcome inaccuracy. On the face of weak legal culture/rule of law, it remains to be more so in Ethiopia. While plea bargaining may solve problems of delay and enhance efficiency in many jurisdictions, it is not a universal prescription, though. With jurisdictions like Ethiopia whose legal institutions and legal culture are less developed; whose trial appears to be simple, inexpensive, less utilized and correlates very loosely as an underlying cause of delay, plea bargaining is less likely to offer the desired efficiency gains even at all costs. Conversely, it would be more of a liability than an asset at least in three senses: it is likely to yield inaccurate outcomes- wrongful convictions in an aggravated fashion; put defendant`s rights at greater risk, and leave a room for abuses and corruptions.
41
Patriarca, Filipa Marina Pinheiro. "Plexo coroideu: local de síntese de hormonas esteróides?" Master's thesis, Universidade da Beira Interior, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.6/1084.
Full textAbstract:
O plexo coroideu (CP), uma estrutura altamente vascularizada, encontra-se dentro dos ventrículos do cérebro e é composto por vilosidades enroladas aos capilares, tecido conjuntivo e uma monocamada de células epiteliais ciliadas. O CP produz o líquido cefalorraquidiano (LCR) que mantém o meio extracelular do cérebro e forma uma interface única entre o sangue e o LCR. A biossíntese de esteroides ocorre na glândula adrenal, nas gónadas e no cérebro – neuroesteroides. Um trabalho desenvolvido anteriormente permitiu identificar várias enzimas da via esteroidogénica, pertencentes à família do citocromo P450 (CYP), hidroxiesteroide desidrogenase (HSD) e redutase, no CP de rato, através da análise de microarrays de cDNA. Portanto, o objetivo deste estudo foi confirmar e analisar a expressão do citocromo P450, família 11, subfamília a, polipéptido 1 (CYP11A1), citocromo P450, família 11, subfamília b, polipéptido 3 (CYP11B3), citocromo P450, família 17, subfamília a, polipéptido 1 (CYP17A1), 17β-hidroxiesteroide desidrogenase (17β-HSD), 5α-redutase (ST5ared) e citocromo P450, família 19, subfamília a, polipéptido 1 (CYP19A1) no CP de Rattus norvegicus e Sus domesticus. Assim, os níveis de expressão de mRNA destas enzimas foram analisados por RT-PCR e PCR em tempo real, enquanto os níveis proteicos foram analisados por imunocitoquímica e imunohistoquímica. Por fim, foi testada a funcionalidade destas enzimas em culturas ex vivo usando percursores tritiados da via esteroidogénica. Este trabalho permitiu-nos confirmar a expressão destas enzimas e determinar a sua localização nas células epiteliais do CP de rato e no CP de porco. Para além disso, os ensaios ex vivo mostraram que há síntese de hormonas esteroides a partir de percursores tritiados nos explantes de CP.<br>The choroid plexus (CP), a highly vascularized structure, lies within the ventricles of the brain
and is composed by convoluted villi with capillaries, connective tissue and a monolayer of
ciliated epithelial cells. CP produces the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) that maintains the
extracellular milieu of the brain and form a unique interface between the peripheral blood
and the CSF. Steroid biosynthesis occurs in the adrenal gland, in the gonads and, in the brainneurosteroids. In previous work found that several enzymes of the steroidogenic pathway,
which belong to the family of cytochrome P450 (CYP), hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (HSD)
and reductase are expressed in CP by cDNA microarray analysis. So, the aim of this study was
to confirm and analyse the expression of cytochrome P450, family 11, subfamily a,
polypeptide 1 (CYP11A1), cytochrome P450, family 11, subfamily b, polypeptide 3 (CYP11B3),
cytochrome P450, family 17, subfamily a, polypeptide 1 (CYP17A1), hydroxysteroid (17-β)
dehydrogenase 8 (17β-HSD8), steroid-5-α-reductase (ST5ared) and cytochrome P450, family
19, subfamily a, polypeptide a (CYP19A1) in CP of Rattus norvegicus and Sus domesticus.
mRNA expression levels of these enzymes were evaluated by RT-PCR and Real-time PCR,
while protein levels were evaluated by immunocytochemistry and immunohistochemistry.
Finally, we tested the functionality of these enzymes ex-vivo using tritiated percursors of the
steroidogenic pathway. We were able to confirm the expression of these enzymes and
determine their location in CP epithelial cells of rat and pig CP. Moreover, ex-vivo assays
showed that steroid hormones synthesis from tritiated precursors occurs in CP explants.
42
Detomini, Ana Carolina Silva Mendonça. "Dúvidas linguísticas de aprendizes de PLE : contribuições para avaliação de proficiência oral de professores no EPPLE-PLE /." São José do Rio Preto, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/181236.
Full textAbstract:
Orientador: Douglas Altamiro Consolo<br>Banca: Solange Aranha<br>Banca: Viviane Aparecida Bagio Furtoso<br>Resumo: Neste estudo teve-se como objetivo final, de caráter aplicado, sugerir conteúdos para itens de teste oral no Exame de Proficiência para Professores de Língua Estrangeira, o EPPLE, no que tange à área de português como língua estrangeira (PLE). Tais itens objetivam avaliar a proficiência do professor de PLE para fazer uso de sua língua de docência para explicá-la, respeitando o conhecimento das regras de comunicação e das formas socialmente aceitas da língua portuguesa, em sua variante brasileira. Para tanto, foi realizado um levantamento das dúvidas linguísticas de duas turmas de aprendizes de PLE, nível iniciante, em um contexto representativo desta área na Universidade Estadual Paulista, campus de São José do Rio Preto: o Projeto de Extensão "Português Língua Estrangeira". Os dados foram gerados por meio de gravações em áudio de aulas presenciais de duas turmas denominadas PLE I: uma do segundo semestre de 2013 e a outra do primeiro semestre de 2016. A investigação, a partir da transcrição dos dados coletados, propôs, mais especificamente: identificar e quantificar os tipos de dúvidas levantadas pelos alunos em relação à língua portuguesa, enquanto aprendizes dessa língua, e identificar as questões mais recorrentes nas duas turmas, de modo que fosse possível embasar a criação de itens de teste oral para o EPPLE-PLE, pautados em um contexto real de ensino e aprendizagem de PLE. A análise dos dados nos permitiu identificar que se destacaram dúvidas acerca de definição e...<br>Abstract: The ultimate purpose of this study was to suggest content for oral test items in the Proficiency Examination for Foreign Language Teachers (EPPLE), in relation to the area of Portuguese as a foreign language (PFL). These items aim to evaluate the oral proficiency of PFL teachers using teacher language to explain the target language, in other words, the metalanguage in the context of PFL teaching, respecting the knowledge of rules in oral communication and of the socially accepted forms of Portuguese in its Brazilian variant. In order to do so, a survey of the linguistic doubts of two classes of PFL learners, at a beginner level, was carried out in a representative context of PFL teacher education at the Universidade Estadual Paulista, São José do Rio Preto campus: the Extension Project "Portuguese as a Foreign Language". The data were generated through audio recordings of face-to-face classes from two classes called PLE I: one from the second semester of 2013 and the other from the first semester of 2016. The investigation, based on the transcription of the collected data, proposed, more specifically: identify and quantify the types of doubts raised by the students regarding the Portuguese language as learners of that language, and identify the most recurring doubts in both classes, so that we could base the creation of oral test items for the EPPLE-PLE guidelines in a real context of teaching and learning PFL. The analysis of the data allowed us to identify that doubts ...<br>Mestre
43
Cheng, Kwok-yin Kevin, and 鄭國賢. "The guilty plea process in the Hong Kong magistrates' courts." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2013. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B50662193.
Full textAbstract:
Guilty pleas are the primary mode of criminal case dispositions in the common law world. Given how guilty pleas effectively waive the need for trials, it has been regarded as undermining due process safeguards. Although the written law in Hong Kong emphasizes the importance of ensuring defendants make their plea decisions free from any improper pressure, it neglects the intrinsic pressures brought upon by having to go through the criminal justice process. This is particularly true in the lower courts in Hong Kong and other common law jurisdictions. According to the Pre-trial Process Model (Feeley, 1979), because the offences that appear in the lower courts are relatively minor, the time and effort required of defendants often outweigh the sentences imposed on them. A lacuna however, exists in Hong Kong where guilty pleas have not been systematically analysed.
The research questions of this study are: 1) Which factors influence decisions to plead guilty?; 2) Why are these factors salient in the plea decision-making process?; 3) What are the considerations of defence lawyers behind plea advices; and 4) How do plea negotiations operate in Hong Kong? Data collection involved courtroom observations in two Hong Kong Magistrates’ Courts (N = 1,008 cases) and in-depth interviews with defence lawyers (N = 26). Quantitative data were collected for both legal and extra-legal variables that were relevant to plea decisions. Legal variables included: the types of offence, the number of charges and whether an admission was made under caution. Extra-legal factors included: bail status, type of legal representation and demographic characteristics of defendants. Logistic regression analyses indicate that defendants who made an admission under caution, represented themselves in-person, and were remanded in custody, are more likely to plead guilty.
Interviews and courtroom interactions are used to shed light on decision-making during the pre-trial stages of criminal procedure including lawyers’ advices and the practice of plea bargaining, and moreover substantiate the quantitative findings. Thematic analyses reveal that most defendants plead guilty in order to terminate as quickly as possible the stress and sanctions of being caught up in the criminal process and also to secure sentencing discounts for guilty pleas. This lends support to the notion that the process itself is already the punishment and that enticements to plead guilty are significant.
As there is little empirical research into the daily operations of the justice system in Hong Kong, this study offers important insights. Theoretically, this study enhances the Pre-trial Process Model, and expands on it by focusing not only on the costs of going through the criminal justice process but also the benefits secured in return for a guilty plea. This revised version of the Pre-trial Process Model, named the Cost and Benefit Model, can be used to predict the likelihood of guilty pleas and explain the phenomenon of guilty pleas. As for practical significances, it illuminates on which groups of defendants are most susceptible to pleading guilty and provides recommendations in order to safeguard against the innocent pleading guilty.<br>published_or_final_version<br>Social Work and Social Administration<br>Doctoral<br>Doctor of Philosophy
44
Assalin, Heloísa Balan [UNESP]. "Remodelação cardíaca induzida plea deficiência de vitamina D em ratos. -." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/88575.
Full textAbstract:
Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:23:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0
Previous issue date: 2011-02-23Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:10:59Z : No. of bitstreams: 1
assalin_hb_me_botfm.pdf: 731179 bytes, checksum: fb7331adf185ae326458c065513678f6 (MD5)<br>Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)<br>A deficiência de vitamina D está associada a aumento de morbidade e mortalidade em pacientes com doenças cardiovasculares. Além disso, estudos experimentais associam a deficiência de vitamina D a alterações cardíacas compatíveis com a remodelação cardíaca. No entanto, não existem estudos que avaliam o efeito do tempo de uso da dieta deficiente em vitamina D e que avaliam influência desta condição sobre o estresse oxidativo cardíaco e a modulação desta condição pelo fator de transcrição nuclear Nrf-2. Sendo assim, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a influência da dieta deficiente em vitamina D no coração de ratos e verificar se as alterações são tempo-dependentes, além de avaliar a influência da deficiência de vitamina D sobre o estresse oxidativo cardíaco e sua modulação pelo Nrf-2. Ratos Wistar foram alocados em quatro grupos: C2 (n=24) – recebeu 1000 UI de vitamina D por kg de ração e foram mantidos em luz fluorescente por período de 2 meses; D2 (n=22) – recebeu dieta isenta de vitamina D por kg de ração e foram mantidos em luz incandescente por 2 meses; C4 (n=21) – mantidos sob as mesmas condições dos animais do grupo C2, por período de 4 meses; D4 (n=23) – mantidos sob as mesmas condições dos animais do grupo D2, por 4 meses. Após o término do período experimental, foi realizado ecocardiograma e avaliação morfológica e histológica cardíaca, do metabolismo energético e do estresse oxidativo do coração. O teste estatístico aplicado foi o ANOVA de 2 vias e a ANCOVA, com significância de 5%. Houve interação entre a dieta deficiente em vitamina D e o tempo de uso ao analisarmos a massa do ventrículo esquerdo (C2: 499,4±26,5; D2: 520,3±27,1; C4: 584,6±27,9; D4: 722,3±26,5) e a área do átrio...<br>Vitamin D deficiency is associated with increased morbidity and mortality in patients with cardiovascular diseases. Moreover, experimental studies associate vitamin D deficiency to heart changes consistent with cardiac remodelling. However, no studies were found in the literature that evaluated the effect of the duration time of the deficient vitamin D diet use and the influence of the condition on cardiac oxidative stress. Also, we are interested in studying the nuclear transcription factor - Nrf-2 influence on oxidative stress response. Therefore, the objective was to evaluate the influence of diet deficient in vitamin D in the rat heart and determine if changes are time-dependent, and evaluate the influence of vitamin D deficiency on oxidative stress and its modulation by Nrf -2. Wistar rats were allocated into four groups: C2 (n = 24) - 1000 IU vitamin D per kg diet and were kept under fluorescent light for 2 months, D2 (n = 22) - free vitamin D diet per kg diet and were kept under incandescent light for 2 months, C4 (n = 21) - kept under the same conditions of group C2, for a period of 4 months, D4 (n = 23) - kept under the same conditions of group D2, for 4 months. Upon completion of the trial period, echocardiography was performed and cardiac morphological, histological, energy metabolism and oxidative stress were measured. The statistical test used was the 2-way ANOVA and ANCOVA, with 5% significance. There was an interaction between vitamin D deficient diet and length of use in analyzing the left ventricle mass... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
45
Assalin, Heloísa Balan. "Remodelação cardíaca induzida plea deficiência de vitamina D em ratos. -." Botucatu : [s.n.], 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/88575.
Full textAbstract:
Orientador: Sérgio Alberto Rupp de Paiva<br>Coorientador: Leonardo Antonio Mamede Zornoff<br>Banca: Katashi Okoshi<br>Banca: Ligia Araujo Martini<br>Resumo: A deficiência de vitamina D está associada a aumento de morbidade e mortalidade em pacientes com doenças cardiovasculares. Além disso, estudos experimentais associam a deficiência de vitamina D a alterações cardíacas compatíveis com a remodelação cardíaca. No entanto, não existem estudos que avaliam o efeito do tempo de uso da dieta deficiente em vitamina D e que avaliam influência desta condição sobre o estresse oxidativo cardíaco e a modulação desta condição pelo fator de transcrição nuclear Nrf-2. Sendo assim, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a influência da dieta deficiente em vitamina D no coração de ratos e verificar se as alterações são tempo-dependentes, além de avaliar a influência da deficiência de vitamina D sobre o estresse oxidativo cardíaco e sua modulação pelo Nrf-2. Ratos Wistar foram alocados em quatro grupos: C2 (n=24) - recebeu 1000 UI de vitamina D por kg de ração e foram mantidos em luz fluorescente por período de 2 meses; D2 (n=22) - recebeu dieta isenta de vitamina D por kg de ração e foram mantidos em luz incandescente por 2 meses; C4 (n=21) - mantidos sob as mesmas condições dos animais do grupo C2, por período de 4 meses; D4 (n=23) - mantidos sob as mesmas condições dos animais do grupo D2, por 4 meses. Após o término do período experimental, foi realizado ecocardiograma e avaliação morfológica e histológica cardíaca, do metabolismo energético e do estresse oxidativo do coração. O teste estatístico aplicado foi o ANOVA de 2 vias e a ANCOVA, com significância de 5%. Houve interação entre a dieta deficiente em vitamina D e o tempo de uso ao analisarmos a massa do ventrículo esquerdo (C2: 499,4±26,5; D2: 520,3±27,1; C4: 584,6±27,9; D4: 722,3±26,5) e a área do átrio... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)<br>Abstract: Vitamin D deficiency is associated with increased morbidity and mortality in patients with cardiovascular diseases. Moreover, experimental studies associate vitamin D deficiency to heart changes consistent with cardiac remodelling. However, no studies were found in the literature that evaluated the effect of the duration time of the deficient vitamin D diet use and the influence of the condition on cardiac oxidative stress. Also, we are interested in studying the nuclear transcription factor - Nrf-2 influence on oxidative stress response. Therefore, the objective was to evaluate the influence of diet deficient in vitamin D in the rat heart and determine if changes are time-dependent, and evaluate the influence of vitamin D deficiency on oxidative stress and its modulation by Nrf -2. Wistar rats were allocated into four groups: C2 (n = 24) - 1000 IU vitamin D per kg diet and were kept under fluorescent light for 2 months, D2 (n = 22) - free vitamin D diet per kg diet and were kept under incandescent light for 2 months, C4 (n = 21) - kept under the same conditions of group C2, for a period of 4 months, D4 (n = 23) - kept under the same conditions of group D2, for 4 months. Upon completion of the trial period, echocardiography was performed and cardiac morphological, histological, energy metabolism and oxidative stress were measured. The statistical test used was the 2-way ANOVA and ANCOVA, with 5% significance. There was an interaction between vitamin D deficient diet and length of use in analyzing the left ventricle mass... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)<br>Mestre
46
Gu, Haidong. "A novel regulatory mechanism for Nuclear Polyadenylation : PLEs and PLEBPs /." The Ohio State University, 2001. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1486399160107133.
Full text
47
Pereira, Manuel Maria Pestana. "Plux: Designing a solution for growth in the sports sector." Master's thesis, NSBE - UNL, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/10041.
Full textAbstract:
A Work Project, presented as part of the requirements for the Award of a Masters Degree in Management from the NOVA – School of Business and Economics<br>This work project is aimed at cooperation with the company Plux towards a project, where we aim to solve a specific problem the company wants to tackle, thus simulating a professional consultancy project.
I started by discussing the problem with the company, where we agreed that the research question for my project would be “How to Increase Plux’s Market Share in the Sports Sector?” Towards this end I structured my work project in 4 key areas. First, I worked towards the Identification area, where I did an environmental, competitor and internal analysis to be able to correctly identify the problem and its context. Then, I proceeded to the Disaggregation area, where I performed a SWOT, Porter’s 5 Forces and Value Chain analysis to disaggregate the problem into its underlying components. This phase concluded with the postulation of 4 hypotheses as to the manifestations of the problem. After arriving at these hypotheses, I did a Validation phase, where I tested the validity of each hypothesis to determine its strategic importance and arrived at the conclusion that the problem was mainly a Marketing and P&S Offering issue. Finally, I provide recommendations to solve both these issues, as well as some limitations as to their applicability and impact.
In the course of my work project, I maintained a close relationship with Plux by way of email exchanges and periodic meetings at their office, conducted interviews to major clients and collected data from competitors and sector institutions. I considered it to be a very rewarding professional work, and I present my thanks both to Plux’s team, who have been extremely helpful throughout the whole semester, and my counselor, for his invaluable advice and support from beginning to end.
48
Sebbagh, Heloisa Scalise Taques Fonseca. "REPRESENTAÇÕES SOCIOCULTURAIS NO LIVRO DIDÁTICO DE PLE." UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DE PONTA GROSSA, 2016. http://tede2.uepg.br/jspui/handle/prefix/423.
Full textAbstract:
Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-21T14:53:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1
Heloisa Scalise Taques Sebbagh.pdf: 20525042 bytes, checksum: 959d0c1e97a508c955cc757cf7a785ad (MD5)
Previous issue date: 2016-08-12<br>Our search analyze the activities proposed by three Portuguese foreign language textbooks with the purpose to verify their respective theoretical approach proposals, as well as their vision
of the inherent world, on which they define their subject matters, didactic-methodological and discursive. Our main objective was to evaluate the possibility to consider these handiworks a source of resources for teachers of Portuguese language to foreigners, who seek to build a knowledge through intercultural perspective. In consequence, we studied authentic
and constructive texts, pictures, photos and any other proposed activities, as socio-cultural representation, to evaluate the language and culture concepts of these textbooks. Thus, we intend to highlight if the didactic handiworks analyzed can work as true cultural mediators. We based our search on the language concept developed by the Bakhtin Circle, which supports the vision of multi-discursive and dialectic culture being in constant evolution, recognized by several authors, like Terry Eagleton (2011), Homi Bhabha (1998) and Henrique Jansen (2002;2005; 2007; 2012). We started from the intercultural perspective, which considers a foreign or second language teaching and learning approach not only as a domain of language code, but also as a dialogue between individuals, who now take their distance, now approximate themselves,
creating a third space without defined boundaries, where the cultural identities are (un)built. We observe that the textbooks analyzed stay on a perspective of monological lecture,which shows a general representation of the other and characterize a traditional vision of culture. Moreover, when revealing only the voices of their own authors, the handiworks discriminate
the intercultural dialogue and limit the learning process to replicate the vision and interpretation of their authors. Consequently, the textbooks do not act as cultural mediators,
delegating then to the teachers the responsibility to complement them, case they expect to use them as auxiliary resource following an intercultural perspective.<br>Nossa pesquisa analisa as atividades propostas por três livros didáticos de Português como língua estrangeira a fim de verificar as propostas de abordagem teórica neles desenvolvidas e
a visão de mundo inerente, sobre a qual se dão suas escolhas temáticas, didático-metodológicas e discursivas. Nosso objetivo foi de avaliar a possibilidade de as obras exploradas serem
consideradas uma fonte de recursos a professores de língua portuguesa para estrangeiros, que busquem a construção do conhecimento através de uma perspectiva intercultural. Assim, observamos textos, autênticos e construídos, figuras, fotos e quaisquer outras atividades apresentadas,como representações socioculturais, para verificarmos qual a concepção de língua e
cultura apresentadas pelas obras. Com isso, pretendemos esclarecer se os livros didáticos analisados podem funcionar como verdadeiros mediadores culturais. Baseando-nos na concepção de linguagem desenvolvida pelo Círculo de Bakhtin, que vai ao encontro da visão de cultura multidiscursiva, dialética, que está em constante mudança, defendida por diversos autores, entre os quais Terry Eagleton (2011) , Homi Bhabha (1998) e Henrique Jansen (2002; 2005;2007; 2012), partimos da perspectiva intercultural que considera o processo de ensino-aprendizagem de línguas estrangeiras e segunda não apenas como o domínio do código linguístico, mas como diálogo entre os sujeitos, os quais, ora se distanciando, ora se aproximando, constroem um terceiro espaço sem fronteiras definidas, onde as identidades culturais são (des)construídas. Constatamos que os livros didáticos explorados permanecem em uma perspectiva de leitura fechada, monológica, o que indica a representação generalizante do outro e caracteriza a visão tradicional de cultura.Além disso, ao revelarem somente as vozes de seus próprios autores, as obras desfavorecem o diálogo intercultural e limitam os aprendizes a mimetizarem
as visões e as interpretações autorais, não agindo, portanto, como verdadeiros mediadores culturais, cabendo, pois, ao professor a faculdade de complementá-las caso pretenda
utilizá-las como fonte auxiliar de recursos segundo uma perspectiva intercultural.
49
SILVA, Luciana Kinoshita da. "Compreensão escrita em manuais didáticos de PLE." Universidade Federal do Pará, 2011. http://repositorio.ufpa.br/jspui/handle/2011/3016.
Full textAbstract:
Submitted by Edisangela Bastos (edisangela@ufpa.br) on 2012-09-20T18:52:19Z
No. of bitstreams: 2
license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5)
Dissertacao_CompreensaoEscritaManuais.pdf: 4741808 bytes, checksum: c340a302e1648a1a81dae3123a3a4466 (MD5)<br>Approved for entry into archive by Ana Rosa Silva(arosa@ufpa.br) on 2012-10-02T14:17:02Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2
license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5)
Dissertacao_CompreensaoEscritaManuais.pdf: 4741808 bytes, checksum: c340a302e1648a1a81dae3123a3a4466 (MD5)<br>Made available in DSpace on 2012-10-02T14:17:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2
license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5)
Dissertacao_CompreensaoEscritaManuais.pdf: 4741808 bytes, checksum: c340a302e1648a1a81dae3123a3a4466 (MD5)
Previous issue date: 2011<br>Foram analisadas nessa pesquisa as propostas de compreensão textual em manuais utilizados em cursos básicos de Português como Língua Estrangeira (PLE) em Belém-Pa. Foi investigado também como as propostas são desenvolvidas pelas professoras em sala de aula. Os objetos de estudo foram materiais instrucionais da Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA) e da School for International Training (SIT). Para os alunos de ambas as instituições, a habilidade de compreensão escrita na Língua Estrangeira (LE) é imprescindível. Todos necessitam ler em português para participar ativamente da sociedade em que agora vivem. Entretanto, cada público também se vale da leitura para atividades específicas. Assim, esses alunos precisam ler diferentes textos em LE por diversas razões e em várias situações. Daí a importância de usar em sala de aula manuais que favoreçam o desenvolvimento da compreensão escrita dos alunos propondo textos, atividades e estratégias adequados ao público-alvo. Este trabalho foi desenvolvido com o objetivo de investigar as propostas de compreensão escrita nos manuais de PLE assim como sua operacionalização nos cursos em questão e contribuir assim para o aperfeiçoamento das práticas de sala de aula, levando em conta ainda opiniões de professores e alunos sobre o trabalho com essa habilidade. O estudo em questão foi realizado a partir de pesquisa bibliográfica e de campo. A pesquisa bibliográfica baseou-se em autores como Alliende e Condemarín (2005), Koch e Elias (2007), Farrell (2003), Henk et al (2000), Marcuschi (2008), e Nuttall (2005), entre outros. A pesquisa de campo se deu no curso de PLE das instituições mencionadas e teve como população-amostra alunos e professoras que ministraram aula para o nível básico de cada uma das instituições no primeiro semestre de 2011. Foram utilizados dados de três fontes nesta investigação: análise dos manuais e do questionário aplicado aos alunos e professoras, além da observação de aulas usando o material. Ao final da pesquisa, constatamos que as propostas de ambos os manuais ainda estão longe de proporcionar oportunidades adequadas de desenvolvimento da habilidade de ler em uma LE e também que trabalhar com um manual produzido artesanalmente pode não ser a melhor opção, embora ainda seja muito forte a ideia de que não há LD que atenda as necessidades de determinado grupo de alunos.<br>This research studies the reading comprehension in textbooks used in Portuguese as a Foreign Language (PFL) basic level courses in Belém-Pa. It also investigates how the reading comprehension is carried out by the teacher in the classroom. The study objects were instructional materials of Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA) and School for International Training (SIT). For students of both institutions the ability to understand written texts in the Foreign Language (FL) is essential. They all need to read in Portuguese to actively participate in the society in which they are living now. But each audience also uses reading for specific activities. Thus, these students need to read different texts in the FL for various reasons and in various situations. Hence the importance of using in class textbooks that support the development of students’ reading comprehension bringing texts, activities and strategies that meet the audience’ needs. This research was developed with the objective of describe the reading comprehension activities proposed in PFL textbooks and how teachers work with them in the courses of the institutions in question, as well as to contribute with the improvement of the classroom work, also taking into consideration opinions of teachers and students about the work with this ability in class. This study was based on literature and field research. The literature was based on authors such as Alliende and Condemarín (2005), Koch and Elias (2007), Farrell (2003), Henk et al (2000), Marcuschi (2008), and Nuttall (2005), among others. The field research was developed in the PFL course of the mentioned institutions e and the sample population were students and teachers who gave lessons to the basic level of each of the institutions in the first semester of 2011. Data from three sources were used: analysis of the textbooks and the questionnaire given to students and teachers, as well as classroom observation using the material. In the end of the study, it was discovered that the activities of both textbooks are still far away from providing proper opportunities for the development of the reading ability in a FL and also that working with a material produced by a teacher for her own use with students might not be the best option, however the idea that no textbook can cover all the necessities of a specific group of students is still strong.
50
Cagnani, Leonardo Dias. "Desenvolvimento e fabricação de protótipo de impressão roll-to-roll para estudos de produção em série de dispositivos orgânicos." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/88/88131/tde-24042013-151333/.
Full textAbstract:
Para que a tecnologia de eletrônica orgânica alcance todo o seu potencial é primordial que o processo de fabricação seja rápido e barato, e uma das maneiras de alcançar isto é com a utilização de processos gráficos especialmente adaptados para a produção de eletrônica, processo esse conhecido por roll-to-roll. Uma grande carência mundial se encontra em equipamentos de produção roll-to-roll de porte laboratorial, que possam ser utilizados para estudos de construção dos dispositivos e, mais importante, a transferência das tecnologias desenvolvidas em laboratório para processos que possam ser facilmente expandidos para a indústria. Neste sentido, durante este trabalho foi desenvolvido um sistema roll-to-roll compacto para produção e estudo de dispositivos orgânicos que apresenta as técnicas de deposição por rotogravura, wire-bar e knife-over-edge comutáveis, sendo empregada uma técnica por vez. O equipamento foi projetado e fabricado de forma a permitir a maior quantidade possível de ajustes das variáveis, com um pequeno consumo de material polimérico e de substrato. Além disto, desenvolveu-se um software de controle operado empregando-se o programa LabVIEW para regulagem da temperatura de secagem, velocidades do substrato e impressão. Como primeiro dispositivo fabricado optou-se por células eletroquímicas emissoras de luz (PLEC) por estas apresentarem baixa tensão de operação e uma baixa influência da espessura e dos eletrodos em suas propriedades optoeletrônicas. Desta forma, foi produzido um dispositivo luminescente sobre papel alumínio, flexível, de baixo custo, sem ITO e todo fabricado no equipamento roll-to-roll aqui desenvolvido. Além disto, o processo foi projetado para ser executado no ambiente, isto é, sem etapas que necessitem vácuo ou atmosfera controlada. Estes dispositivos comprovaram a aplicabilidade do sistema desenvolvido para a produção e desenvolvimento da eletrônica orgânica em laboratório visando a produção industrial final.<br>To develop the entire potential of Organic Electronic (OE) industry, it is necessary to generate processing methods that include high speed production at low cost. One technique that is emerging as very promising is that known as roll-to-roll. Despite the existence of several roll-to-roll machinery in the market, a small prototype that can be used in laboratories certainly will be very useful for research and as first experiments for production. In this work, we developed a compact roll-to-roll system devoted specifically to the production of printable electronic devices. In particular, this machine disposes deposition techniques as rotogravure, wire-bar and knife-over-edge. It is a versatile machine, which allows the operation of several technical parameters, using a relatively low amount of polymer material and substrate. In addition, we developed a numerical control system that is operated by a computer trough a LabWIEW program. This regulates the drying temperature and the substrate speed, parameters of fundamental importance for a good printed product. As first test we opted for building a coated Light Emitting Electrochemical Cell (PLEC), which are optoelectronic devices that uses relatively low operation voltage and does not exhibit critical thickness dependence. We printed this low cost and flexible device onto aluminum paper, then avoiding any other process and the use of ITO. All the coating processing was carried out in environmental conditions, being not necessary vacuum or accurate control of atmosphere. This application gives a strong evidence that this compact roll-to-roll machine presents a good performance in the fabrication of organic optoelectronic devices, being adequate for research and as guide for industrial production.