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Zammit, S., D. Odd, J. Horwood, A. Thompson, K. Thomas, P. Menezes, D. Gunnell, et al. "Investigating whether adverse prenatal and perinatal events are associated with non-clinical psychotic symptoms at age 12 years in the ALSPAC birth cohort." Psychological Medicine 39, no. 9 (February 12, 2009): 1457–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291708005126.
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BackgroundNon-clinical psychosis-like symptoms (PLIKS) occur in about 15% of the population. It is not clear whether adverse events during early development alter the risk of developing PLIKS. We aimed to examine whether maternal infection, diabetes or pre-eclampsia during pregnancy, gestational age, perinatal cardiopulmonary resuscitation or 5-min Apgar score were associated with development of psychotic symptoms during early adolescence.MethodA longitudinal study of 6356 12-year-old adolescents who completed a semi-structured interview for psychotic symptoms in the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC) birth cohort. Prenatal and perinatal data were obtained from obstetric records and maternal questionnaires completed during pregnancy.ResultsThe presence of definite psychotic symptoms was associated with maternal infection during pregnancy [adjusted odds ratio (OR) 1.44, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.11–1.86, p=0.006], maternal diabetes (adjusted OR 3.43, 95% CI 1.14–10.36, p=0.029), need for resuscitation (adjusted OR 1.50, 95% CI 0.97–2.31, p=0.065) and 5-min Apgar score (adjusted OR per unit decrease 1.30, 95% CI 1.12–1.50, p<0.001). None of these associations were mediated by childhood IQ score. Most associations persisted, but were less strong, when including suspected symptoms as part of the outcome. There was no association between PLIKS and gestational age or pre-eclampsia.ConclusionsAdverse events during early development may lead to an increased risk of developing PLIKS. Although the status of PLIKS in relation to clinical disorders such as schizophrenia is not clear, the similarity between these results and findings reported for schizophrenia indicates that future studies of PLIKS may help us to understand how psychotic experiences and clinical disorders develop throughout the life-course.
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Baig, Muzammil M. "LearnOnline." International Journal of Knowledge Society Research 4, no. 2 (April 2013): 19–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jksr.2013040103.
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Personal Learning Environments (PLEs) help the learners to take control of their learning. PLEs enable the learners to set their own leaning targets and manage their learning by communicating with others in the process of learning. As latest technological advancements have brought revolution in every field of life, so as in the PLEs. Modern PLEs are the integration of a number of latest technologies i.e. blogs, Wikis, RSS feeds, where content is shaped as per the individual needs and interests of the students. Focusing on these latest aspects of the PLEs, University of South Australia initiated a three year new learning platform project in 2010, called LearnOnline, which will replace the University's current online teaching environment UniSAnet. LearnOnline was launched with a vision to foster richer learning through promoting students' active involvement in their courses and involving the students in a deeper learning experience. LearnOnline is built on modular approach and consists of different components i.e. ePortfolio, Course Outline, Lecture Recording, Copyright Monitoring, Student Email, Assessment and Feedback, Virtual Classroom, Course and Teacher Evaluation. Each component is developed separately and is fully independent. This methodology is helping the incremental implementation of the LearnOnline. As soon as a component is completed, after testing, it becomes the part of LearnOnline. In this paper, the author explains the features and workings of LearnOnline in detail and also evaluates its design methodologies.
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Ren, Guo Yan, Guo Mei Ren, and Yi Tang. "A Project-Based Approach to Teaching Programmable Logic Controller Course." Advanced Materials Research 765-767 (September 2013): 854–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.765-767.854.
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Sequential control using ladder logic, Programmable Logic Controllers (PLCs), and operator interfaces are commonly used in the manufacturing industry today. The introduction course of programmable logic controller is a course that needs a lot of practice. We present a project-based approach to teaching it by introducing real engineering projects into the process of theory teaching. The students show more enthusiastic during learning course and their abilities of solving engineering problems are greatly enhanced.
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Pradana, Harrizki Arie, Ellya Helmud, and Parlia Romadiana. "Evaluasi Kesuksesan Implementasi SLA Pada Mobile PLIK Bangka Belitung." JATISI (Jurnal Teknik Informatika dan Sistem Informasi) 8, no. 1 (March 19, 2021): 152–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.35957/jatisi.v8i1.774.
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Information technology that is currently developing does not only apply to the world of information technology but has developed into other fields of work that require information technology to support the needs of their field. Services in information technology have been implemented by the District Internet Service Center (PLIK) Bangka Belitung to support government programs. Research conducted at PLIK aims to see and assess how PLIK's performance, especially Mobile PLIK, to the service level of their partners' satisfaction. During the PLIK research, researchers wanted to measure their level of service. The level of service that is measured is by looking at the implementation of the SLA (Service Level Agreement) that they have contracted with the user to what extent. So, the researchers took the data by observation, interviews, and questionnaires. After all, data is needed, the COBIT 4.0 Framework becomes a reference for researchers to examine this service level with the Delivery and Support (DS) domain on each item. The conclusion from the whole research process is that Mobile PLIK has measured their service maturity level (Maturity Level) at layer 4, namely Managed and Measurable. However, there are several districts that are still at layer 3, namely Define. Define that they have targeted and planned every measure of their work steps and of course they can improve the services provided to partners and be reciprocal to partner satisfaction with PLIK. Unlike the case with Define, layer 4 is Managed and Measurable, which means that Mobile PLIK has been organized and can be measured in conducting every agreement between partners and PLIK, so that its implementation can be accounted for every item in the domain.
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Priyatna, Rendi, Asep Andang, and Firmansyah Maulana Sugiartana Nursuwars. "Wireless Communication on PLC Using Access Point TP-Link TL-WN722N." Journal of Electrical Technology UMY 5, no. 1 (August 20, 2021): 40–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.18196/jet.v5i1.12260.
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Technological developments are a requirement for more practical system operation. One example is in data transmission. Wireless data communication is currently very popular. In today's revolution 4.0, of course, the use of cables in data transmission media is rarely used, but not every device supports wireless data communication. One of them is the PLC (Programable Logic Controller). As for additional extensions for PLCs to communicate wirelessly, they are sold separately and, of course, the price is quite expensive. Therefore, a solution for PLCs to communicate wirelessly using the TL-WN722N access point is widely available on the market. Measurements are made with the concept of point to point by looking at the results of modbus scans using Modscan32 on a PC server. The results show that the optimal maximum distance is 80 meters, with an average data transmission time of 1 second.
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Andiyansari, Popi. "Studi Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Pedesaan Melalui Teknologi Informasi Dan Komunikasi." Jurnal Penelitian Pers dan Komunikasi Pembangunan 18, no. 2 (August 19, 2014): 117–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.46426/jp2kp.v18i2.14.
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Under the provisions of the Universal Service Obligation (USO) on the provision of facilities and access to ICT, Menkominfo pioneering Village Program information in which there is a program called Pusat Layanan Internet Kecamatan (PLIK). However, this program only to dwell on the form of the means of access services and ICT infrastructure alone. Whereas people in the border areas, rural, and remote mostly unable to use ICT and the internet. This is an opportunity PLIK Nanggulan 2 to conduct training, socialization, and community empowerment through ICT. Formulation of the problem in this study describes How Rural Community Empowerment Through Information and Communication Technology Pusat Layanan Internet Kecamatan in PLIK Nanggulan 2 Kulon Progo Yogyakarta. This study used a qualitative research methodology with case study method. Results from this study that the digital divide in rural communities are not only related to the lack of access and means of course, but also gaps in the ability to use ICT. In this case PLIK Nanggulan 2 perform three steps of empowerment, among others: technical training, socialization ethical use of the internet, planting motivation to seek information via the internet. Empowered communities through ICT with models 'second hand'. People in the region have understood the function Nanggulan internet but not able to independently use the internet, then delegate the functions of the Internet to others who understand. In this regard, research advice to PLIK Nanggulan 2 in order to improve the quantity and quality of the organization and consistency of community empowerment.
Keywords: Community Empowerment, PLIK Nanggulan 2, ICT, Information Village
ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini dilakukan pada program Pusat Layanan Internet Kecamatan (PLIK) Nanggulan 2 Kulon Progo Yogyakarta. Penelitian ini menjelaskan tentang Bagaimanakah Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Pedesaan Melalui Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi pada Program Pusat Layanan Internet Kecamatan di PLIK Nanggulan 2 Kulon Progo Yogyakarta. Penelitian ini menggunakan metodologi penelitian kualitatif dengan metode penelitian studi kasus. Hasil dari penelitian ini bahwa kesenjangan digital pada masyarakat pedesaan tidak hanya terkait dengan minimnya akses dan sarana saja, akan tetapi juga kesenjangan secara kemampuan dalam menggunakan TIK. Dalam hal ini PLIK Nanggulan 2 melakukan tiga langkah pemberdayaan, antara lain: pelatihan secara teknis, sosialisasi etika penggunaan internet, penanaman motivasi untuk mencari informasi melalui internet. Masyarakat terberdayakan melalui TIK dengan model ‘tangan kedua’. Masyarakat di wilayah Nanggulan telah memahami fungsi internet akan tetapi tidak mampu secara mandiri menggunakan internet, kemudian mendelegasikan fungsi internet kepada pihak lain yang lebih memahami. Dalam hal ini, saran penelitian untuk PLIK Nanggulan 2 agar meningkatkan kuantitas dan kualitas organisasi dan konssitensi pemberdayaan masyarakat.
Kata Kunci : Pemberdayaan masyarakat, PLIK Nanggulan 2, TIK, Desa informasi
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Riede, Felix, and Mathilde Vestergaard Meyer. "Growing Up in the Ice Age. Fossil and Archaeological Evidence of the Lived Lives of Plio-Pleistocene Children." Childhood in the Past 14, no. 2 (July 3, 2021): 197–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17585716.2021.1956056.
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Bidarra, José, and Nuno Sousa. "Implementing Mobile Learning Within Personal Learning Environments: A Study of Two Online Courses." International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning 21, no. 4 (June 24, 2020): 181–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.19173/irrodl.v21i4.4891.
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This article presents a case-study of two distance learning courses, in order to address the question of universal adoption of mobile devices and applications by students, and the impact of these devices in personal learning environments (PLEs). First, a critical discussion of the value of these concepts in the current technological context was carried out, followed by an analysis of their impact on educational use, based on data collected in online courses on physics and statistics at Universidade Aberta, the Portuguese Open University. The results indicated that all students have adopted mobile learning, and the make-up of an individual’s PLE depends more on the learning resources available rather than on gender or age. These findings can help provide more efficient ways to implement learning by connecting current social needs to learners’ mobile PLEs, particularly when flexibility of time and space are of utmost importance. Further studies at the Portuguese Open University will address a larger and more balanced sample of students across more course units.
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Jansone, Ilze, and Ilze Jankovska. "“Pliks es nācu no mātes klēpja, un pliks es turp atgriezīšos!”: māksla nomirt patērētāju sabiedrībā." Ceļš 71 (December 15, 2020): 77–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.22364/cl.71.05.
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Today, we do not talk about death very much; if we do, we talk about mass death in media which is an estranged tragedy and does not appeal to us. On the other hand, the spirit of the time which we live in tries to prevent us from aging mostly by using consumerist philosophy, thus placing death and dying, and, especially, the consciousness of our own death in the grey zone. In this article, we aspire to sketching the main attitudes toward death in consumerist society, using theories of consumerism and also Google Analytics in order to define the lifestyle of the contemporary consumerist. Then, with some examples from the point of view of philosophy of religion and also keeping in mind the theology of Book of Job from the perspective of philosophy of religion, we will try to find an answer to the question – “how does the theology of the Book of Job or the interpretations thereof can help us to form our style of death?” Two main ideas are synthesised in the course of the article: firstly, consumerist lifestyle can be characterised as “desire for the desire”, while in Book of Job, when it is read from the consumerist’s perspective, one can see the repeating of faith, which is also an essential part of the theology of Soren Kierkegaard. Thus, the synthesis of these conclusions can construct consumer’s “death style”, which can be defined as “desire for the everlasting”.
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Ramos-Ortiz, Selene, Luz Ma Rangel-Guerrero, Martha Elena Pedraza-Santos, Víctor Manuel Chávez-Ávila, José Guadalupe Martínez-Ávalos, Nahum M. Sánchez-Vargas, and Alejandro Martínez-Palacios. "Clonal propagation of Trichocentrum stramineum (Orchidaceae), a threatened species endemic to Mexico." Botanical Sciences 98, no. 2 (June 1, 2020): 355–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.17129/botsci.2468.
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Background: Cloning techniques are applied to an endangered orchid species in order to reproduce individual plants and to preserve their genetic characteristics.
Objectives: To establish a new protocol for clonal propagation of a threatened orchid of horticultural importance.
Study species: Trichocentrum stramineum, a threatened orchid endemic to Mexico.
Study site and duration: Totutla, Veracruz, Mexico. All experiments were designed and carried out at the Botanical Garden-UNAM and the IIAF-UMSNH over a course of six years.
Methods: Seeds were germinated in a modified KC basal medium; protocorms and apical bud explants were obtained from the resulting in vitro plants and cultivated with or without plant growth regulators (PGRs). Both experimental groups were subcultured in order to evaluate the number of protocorm-like bodies (PLBs) and buds per explant.
Results: On average, protocorms generated 51.2 and 54.1 PLBs in the absence or presence of 1 mg l-1 6-benzyladenine (BA), respectively, while 13.1 and up to 23.7 PLBs and / or shoots were observed on the apical bud explants in the absence or presence of 1 mg l-1 kinetin, respectively. In both cases, responses were direct, without the formation of an intervening callus. Approximately 200 PLBs were subcultured and developed into whole plants within 14 weeks. These were acclimatized to greenhouse conditions with a 90 % survival rate after 12 weeks. After 44 weeks, flowering was observed (3 %) individuals measuring at least 12 cm in height.
Conclusions: The developed protocol proved to hold great potential for commercial propagation and conservation programs.
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Coenen, Laurien, Wouter Schelfhout, and Annie Hondeghem. "Networked Professional Learning Communities as Means to Flemish Secondary School Leaders’ Professional Learning and Well-Being." Education Sciences 11, no. 9 (September 6, 2021): 509. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/educsci11090509.
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Whereas Professional Learning Communities (PLCs) are a frequently applied professional learning tool in education, their use is often limited to an application among (a) teachers and (b) within-schools. This article contributes to the nascent research evidence on PLC usage for principal professional learning. As outcomes align with PLCs’ phased development, this article grasps the learning processes that unfold, the catalyst states that emerge and the overarching role that a process coach can adopt in this collective learning effort. Three distinct PLCs comprising of Flemish secondary school principals were systematically observed over the course of one to two years. In interviews and questionnaires, members (n = 14) reported on their experience with PLC activities, group dynamics and their personal professional well-being. Networked learning proved a worthwhile method as positive outcomes of PLC participation were predominantly found in a perceived augmentation of professional well-being and the acquisition of inspiration and ideas. Actual co-construction among principal participants appeared harder to establish as several organisational, group developmental and leadership prerequisites were found to apply. As this study was based on three in-depth case studies, it remains to be confirmed whether its conclusions apply to all school principals in Flanders and can be generalised to their counterparts internationally.
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Mangano, Francesco T., Mekibib Altaye, Robert C. McKinstry, Joshua S. Shimony, Stephanie K. Powell, Jannel M. Phillips, Holly Barnard, et al. "Diffusion tensor imaging study of pediatric patients with congenital hydrocephalus: 1-year postsurgical outcomes." Journal of Neurosurgery: Pediatrics 18, no. 3 (September 2016): 306–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2016.2.peds15628.
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OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to investigate white matter (WM) structural abnormalities using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) in children with hydrocephalus before CSF diversionary surgery (including ventriculoperitoneal shunt insertion and endoscopic third ventriculostomy) and during the course of recovery after surgery in association with neuropsychological and behavioral outcome. METHODS This prospective study included 54 pediatric patients with congenital hydrocephalus (21 female, 33 male; age range 0.03–194.5 months) who underwent surgery and 64 normal controls (30 female, 34 male; age range 0.30–197.75 months). DTI and neurodevelopmental outcome data were collected once in the control group and 3 times (preoperatively and at 3 and 12 months postoperatively) in the patients with hydrocephalus. DTI measures, including fractional anisotropy (FA), mean diffusivity (MD), axial diffusivity (AD), and radial diffusivity (RD) values were extracted from the genu of the corpus callosum (gCC) and the posterior limb of internal capsule (PLIC). Group analysis was performed first cross-sectionally to quantify DTI abnormalities at 3 time points by comparing the data obtained in the hydrocephalus group for each of the 3 time points to data obtained in the controls. Longitudinal comparisons were conducted pairwise between different time points in patients whose data were acquired at multiple time points. Neurodevelopmental data were collected and analyzed using the Adaptive Behavior Assessment System, Second Edition, and the Bayley Scales of Infant Development, Third Edition. Correlation analyses were performed between DTI and behavioral measures. RESULTS Significant DTI abnormalities were found in the hydrocephalus patients in both the gCC (lower FA and higher MD, AD, and RD) and the PLIC (higher FA, lower AD and RD) before surgery. The DTI measures in the gCC remained mostly abnormal at 3 and 12 months after surgery. The DTI abnormalities in the PLIC were significant in FA and AD at 3 months after surgery but did not persist when tested at 12 months after surgery. Significant longitudinal DTI changes in the patients with hydrocephalus were found in the gCC when findings at 3 and 12 months after surgery were compared. In the PLIC, trend-level longitudinal changes were observed between preoperative findings and 3-month postoperative findings, as well as between 3- and 12-month postoperative findings. Significant correlation between DTI and developmental outcome was found at all 3 time points. Notably, a significant correlation was found between DTI in the PLIC at 3 months after surgery and developmental outcome at 12 months after surgery. CONCLUSIONS The data showed significant WM abnormality based on DTI in both the gCC and the PLIC in patients with congenital hydrocephalus before surgery, and the abnormalities persisted in both the gCC and the PLIC at 3 months after surgery. The DTI values remained significantly abnormal in the gCC at 12 months after surgery. Longitudinal analysis showed signs of recovery in both WM structures between different time points. Combined with the significant correlation found between DTI and neuropsychological measures, the findings of this study suggest that DTI can serve as a sensitive imaging biomarker for underlying neuroanatomical changes and postsurgical developmental outcome and even as a predictor for future outcomes.
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Coon, R. L. "Reflex effects of lung inflation on tracheomotor tone observed during apnea produced by the Hering-Breuer reflex." Journal of Applied Physiology 76, no. 6 (June 1, 1994): 2546–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1994.76.6.2546.
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Reflex effects of static pressure lung inflation (SLI) on tracheomotor tone (TT) were studied during apnea produced by the Hering-Breuer expiratory-facilitatory reflex. Anesthetized dogs were placed on cardiopulmonary bypass, and diaphragm electromyogram was used as an indicator of central nervous system inspiratory output. Tracheomotor tone (TT) was reflexly produced by chemoreceptor stimulation. The volume and frequency of the ventilator [phasic lung inflation (PLI)] were adjusted to produce nearly a maximum reflex decrease in TT. The increase in TT observed while PLI was withheld (0 mmHg tracheal pressure) for 1–2 min was used as the control response. SLIs were interspersed among sets of PLIs. Although SLI produced apnea, TT returned toward the control TT recorded during 0 mmHg tracheal pressure. TT observed during apnea was reflexly sensitive to further increases in SLI and to changes in chemoreceptor stimulation, which also affected the time course of the tracheomotor responses. These results suggest that the reflex decrease in TT produced by SLI and the Hering-Breuer expiratory-facilitatory reflex are mediated by different central mechanisms but may be from the same or different pulmonary receptors.
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Bilalov, M. I., and M. G. Ziganshin. "Experimental studies and correlation analysis of atmospheric factors affecting hexavalent chromium conglomerates with organic materials." E3S Web of Conferences 216 (2020): 01075. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202021601075.
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Field testing of samples containing hexavalent chromium and organic compounds were carried out, which showed the possibility of intensifying the processes of their heat treatment using solar energy. The correlation analysis between various factors of atmospheric exposure and changes in the state of sam-ples was performed. In the course of the study, an estimate was obtained for the wavelength ranges of the near-UV, visible and near-IR spectrum, within which photo-chemical reactions of hexavalent chromium re-duction are possible. The temperature and hydrostatic pressure influence on the chemical reactions intensity in the sample was also assessed. Based on the data obtained, theoretical pre-conditions of energy efficiency of heat treatment process were formed, which should be verified by subsequent laboratory tests.
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Vasylchenkov, Oleg, Igor Liberg, Mykhailo Mozhaiev, and Dmytro Salnikov. "Conveyorized implementation of ASWM image filter on PLD." Technology audit and production reserves 1, no. 2(57) (February 28, 2021): 6–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.15587/2706-5448.2021.225257.
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The object of research is the adaptive switching weighted median image filter (ASWM) algorithm. This algorithm is one of the most effective in the field of impulse noise suppression. The computational complexity and algorithmic features of this adaptive nonlinear filter make it impossible to implement a filter that works in real time on modern PLD microcircuits. The most problematic areas of the algorithm are the weight coefficient estimation cycle, which has no limit on the number of iterations and contains a large number of division operations. This does not allow implementing the filter on PLDs with a sufficiently effective method. In the course of the research, the programming model of the filter in Python was used. The performance of the algorithm was assessed using the Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio (PSNR) and Structural Similarity Index Measure (SSIM) metrics. Modeling made it possible to find out empirically the number of iterations of the cycle for estimating the weight coefficients at different levels of noise density and to estimate the effect of artificial limitation of the maximum number of iterations on the filter performance. Regardless of the intensity of the noise impact, the algorithm performs less than 40 iterations of the evaluation cycle. Let’s also simulate the operation of the algorithm with different variants of the division module implementation. The paper considers the main of them and offers the most optimal in terms of the ratio of accuracy/hardware costs for implementation. Thus, a modified algorithm was proposed that does not have these disadvantages. Thanks to modifications of the algorithm, it is possible to implement a pipelined ASWM image filter on modern PLDs. The filter is synthesized for the main families of Intel PLDs. The implementation, which is not inferior in terms of SSIM and PSNR metrics to the original algorithm, requires less than 65,000 FPGA logical cells and allows filtering of monochrome images with FullHD resolution at 48 frames/s at a clock frequency of 100 MHz.
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Pantazidou, Marina, and Kyriakos Kandris. "Examples of Applying Research-Based Learning Principles to the Redesign of an Environmental Geotechnics Course." International Journal of Engineering Pedagogy (iJEP) 10, no. 1 (January 27, 2020): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.3991/ijep.v10i1.11181.
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This paper offers detailed examples of how research-based learning princi-ples can be translated into the instructional decisions involved in designing an engineering course. The redesign of the specific course on environmental geotechnics was prompted by transforming a lecture-based course to an online version. The implemented changes are compatible with research find-ings on learning, which are distilled in the literature in the form of the learn-ing principles reviewed herein. For presentation purposes, the changes are grouped in two main categories: logistical changes, i.e. modifications mainly imposed by the constraints of online study, and pedagogical changes, i.e. changes not related to the learning medium. Examples of implemented modi-fications are given in the body of the paper and in the Supplement. In most cases, the initial motivation for a change was not to achieve compatibility with results of research on learning. Rather, the intended overarching aim was to make transparent the major decisions involved in course design. As far as the paper is concerned, its ultimate goal is to engage engineering in-structors in contributing to communal teaching resources. Its immediate goal is to make explicit the relationship between good instructional practices and the research evidence that supports them through a variety of examples. In the process of so doing, the paper identified the research need to record how domain experts understand foundational domain concepts in a way suitable for use in instruction.
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Wang, Rui, Yong Guan, Min Zhou, Jie Zhang, and Xiaoyu Song. "A Component-Based Modeling and Validation Method for PLC Systems." Advances in Mechanical Engineering 6 (January 1, 2014): 127618. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/127618.
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Programmable logic controllers (PLCs) are complex embedded systems that are widely used in industry. This paper presents a component-based modeling and validation method for PLC systems using the behavior-interaction-priority (BIP) framework. We designed a general system architecture and a component library for a type of device control system. The control software and hardware of the environment were all modeled as BIP components. System requirements were formalized as monitors. Simulation was carried out to validate the system model. A realistic example from industry of the gates control system was employed to illustrate our strategies. We found a couple of design errors during the simulation, which helped us to improve the dependability of the original systems. The results of experiment demonstrated the effectiveness of our approach.
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Burrows, Andrea C., Mike Borowczak, Adam Myers, Andria C. Schwortz, and Courtney McKim. "Integrated STEM for Teacher Professional Learning and Development: “I Need Time for Practice”." Education Sciences 11, no. 1 (January 5, 2021): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/educsci11010021.
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This study compares three pre-collegiate teacher professional learning and development (PLD) integrated science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) experiences framed in astronomy. The study is set in the western United States (USA) and involves 60 pre-collegiate teachers (in the USA these are K-12 teachers) over the course of three years (June 2014–May 2017). During the PLDs, astronomy acted as a vehicle for pre-collegiate STEM teachers to increase their STEM content knowledge as well as create and implement integrated STEM classroom lessons. The authors collected quantitative and qualitative data to address five research questions and embraced social constructionism as the theoretical framework. Findings show that STEM pre-collegiate teachers are largely engaged with integrated STEM PLD content and embrace astronomy content and authentic science. Importantly, they need time to practice, interpret, translate, and use the integrated STEM content in classroom lessons. Recommendations for PLD STEM teacher support are provided. Implications of this study are vast, as gaps in authentic science, utilizing astronomy, PLD structure, and STEM integration are ripe for exploration.
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Grabowik, Cezary, Krzysztof Kalinowski, Wojciech Kempa, and Iwona Paprocka. "A Methodology of CAPP/CAP Systems Integration Based on a Product Intermediate State Representation." Advanced Materials Research 1036 (October 2014): 915–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1036.915.
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The proposed idea of the integration methodology is based on the two basic pillars it is the modified functional model of the manufacturing process plan and a product intermediate states representation. The product state in certain moment of the manufacturing process can be identified by a set of states which describe the current status of the manufacturing process advance for particular manufacturing features. On the other hand from a manufacturing process nature results that during its course a product can be at one of the following states after rough, medium and finishing manufacturing treatment. Information about product states makes the full integration between CAPP and CAP systems possible. The proposed methodology allows reacting to unexpected production process disturbances. In this case the CAP system in cooperation with manufacturing execution system MES, which collects production data just from PLCs controllers, communicates with CAPP system in the feedback loop and sends a set of the product intermediate states. Base on this description the CAPP system redesign a manufacturing process plan taking into account the current product state. In the paper the modified functional model of the technological process plan and the method of product intermediate states are presented. Moreover the proposal of the functional schema of the integrated CAD/CAPP/CAP environment is shown.
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Arena, Maurizio, Massimo Viscardi, Giuseppina Barra, Luigi Vertuccio, and Liberata Guadagno. "Multifunctional Performance of a Nano-Modified Fiber Reinforced Composite Aeronautical Panel." Materials 12, no. 6 (March 15, 2019): 869. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12060869.
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The adoption of multifunctional flame-resistant composites is becoming increasingly attractive for many components of aircrafts and competition cars. Compared to conventional alloy solutions, the reduced weight and corrosion resistance are only a couple of the relevant advantages they can offer. In this paper, a carbon fiber reinforced panel (CFRP) was impregnated with an epoxy resin enhanced using a combination of 0.5 wt% of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and 5 wt% of Glycidyl-Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxanes (GPOSS). This formulation, which is peculiar to resins with increased electrical conductivity and flame-resistance properties, has been employed for manufacturing a carbon fiber reinforced panel (CFRP) composed of eight plies through a liquid infusion technique. Vibro-acoustic tests have been performed on the panel for the characterization of the damping performance, as well the transmission loss properties related to micro-handling treatments. The spectral excitation has been provided by an acoustic source simulating the aerodynamic pressure load agent on the structure. The incorporation of multi-walled carbon nanotubes MWCNTs in the epoxy matrix determines a non-trivial improvement in the dynamic performance of the laminate. An increased damping loss factor with reference to standard CFRP laminate and also an improvement of the sound insulation parameter was found for the specific test article.
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CHENG, Jie, Joseph J. BALDASSARE, and Daniel M. RABEN. "Dual coupling of the α-thrombin receptor to signal-transduction pathways involving phosphatidylinositol and phosphatidylcholine metabolism." Biochemical Journal 337, no. 1 (December 17, 1998): 97–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj3370097.
Full textAbstract:
Addition of α-thrombin to quiescent IIC9 cells results in the activation of lipid-metabolizing enzymes associated with signal-transduction cascades. These enzymes include phosphatidylinositol (PI)-specific phospholipase C (PI-PLC), phosphatidylcholine (PC)-specific phospholipases C and D and phospholipase A2 (PLA2). Whereas the α-thrombin receptor has been shown to couple with PI-PLCs, it is not clear whether this receptor, or a putative second receptor, couples to one or more of the other phospholipases. In this report we determine whether the cloned receptor couples to all or a subset of these enzymes. We show that (i) an α-thrombin-receptor-activating peptide also elicits the above responses and (ii) addition of enterokinase to IIC9 cells, stably transfected with an α-thrombin receptor (enterokinase- responsive α-thrombin receptor, EKTR) containing an enterokinase cleavage site in place of an α-thrombin cleavage site, stimulates both PI and PC hydrolysis, including PLA2. Enterokinase also induces mitogenesis in the IIC9s transfected with EKTR. These results indicate that, in addition to initiating a mitogenic signalling cascade, the cloned α-thrombin receptor couples to enzymes involved in generating PC-derived, as well as PI-derived, second-messenger molecules in IIC9s. Additionally, using the cells transfected with EKTR, we further demonstrate that only activated, i.e. cleaved, receptors are desensitized.
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Chauvaud, David, and Jean Delfaud. "Use of morphostructural analysis to show halokinesis during Mio-Plio-Quaternary in the South-West part of Aquitain Basin." Bulletin de la Société Géologique de France 173, no. 4 (July 1, 2002): 317–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.2113/173.4.317.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract In the South Aquitain sector, salt bodies of varying sizes present two geographical gradients. The first gradient, south to north, associated with the proximity of the Pyrenees shows a decreasing deformation of the structures towards the north. The second gradient explains their increasing depth of burial from the west (extrusive structures) to the east (intrusive structures). This organization has been studied from the western sector (Tercis-Bénesse and Bastennes-Louer) to the eastern sector (Viella-Labarthète and Nogaro-Lussagnet). Other more modest structures, revealed by hydrographical anomalies, illustrate halokinetic events during the Quaternary. Then the detailed study of the Geaune dome shows a neotectonic phenomenon dating from the Mio-Pliocene. The radial annular drainage pattern of this structure is guided by recurrent faulting during the Quaternary. Thus the halokinetic dynamics consist in three phases: deformation of the diapirs (overthrusts) during the Oligocene, resuming of halokinesis during the middle of the Miocene and recurrent faulting during the Riss. A model of geomorphological evolution of the domes is then proposed. The first phase (stages of positive relief) is characterized by the centrifugal drainage pattern of the dome. The second phase (stages of inverted relief) is distinguished by the erosion of the center of the structure, by an inversion of the drainage pattern and by the sedimentary accretion in the central depression. Regional frame of the southern-Aquitaine diapirism. – Figure 1 shows the main saliferous bodies. They present a double geographical gradient. The first, S-N, is linked to the Pyrenean tectonics. On the south of the Frontal Overthrust the Trias participated in the overthrusts (St-Jean-de-Pied-de-Port Basin, St-Palais and Salies-de-Béarn structures, etc…). Then in the Outer Sub-Pyrenean zone, the salt forms the axial part of the E-W Pyrenean structures ; finally in the north, in the Aquitaine basin, the diapirs are only slightly deformed. The second gradient, E-W, is linked to the Gulf of Gascogne dynamics where the height of the salt structures decreases from west to east. In Aquitaine, diapirism is a nearly continuous event that has followed the different stages of the history of the basin. The evaporites are deposed in Keuper (Initiation = rifting). The real opening begins in the Albian with the initiation of the turbiditic basins. The main compression begins in the Palaeocene. During the Miocene, the tectonic movements take over with a left lateral transpression on direction N110oE conjugated with recurrent faults N140. Diapirism is reactivated. Certain structures come to the surface. From this rapid historic overview we must retain not only the permanence of diapirism but also the interactive movements between the ascending domes and the subsiding of compensation synclines Evolution of salt structures from West to East. – The cases studied correspond to megastructures (anticlines N140, N090 and multi-kilometric domes) and to the extrusive or intrusive mesostructures (kilometrical domes) which are organized on the ancient Triassic Armorican fault trough. The fact that a E-W global gradient exists for these salt structures is worthnoting: in the eastern sector, the domes are covered with 800 m to 2 000 m of molasse (Lussagnet, Nogaro, Viella-Labarthe, and Geaune) ; coexisting in the western sector are structures of varied forms with an exposed (Tercis, Bénesse, Bastennes) or sub-exposed (Dax) Triassic core. The presence of numerous drainage anomalies (annular and radio-annular drainage patterns) in the east as well as in the west reveals the existence of more modest deep structures. Their morphological expression on the surface shows the continuance of salt deformations during the Quaternary. An exemplary structure: the Geaune salt dome. – It is situated on a trend oriented N060oE. This “ ripple ” has existed since the Upper Jurassic. In fact it concerns an ancient Triassic rift where evaporites accumulated. Afterwards, this Upper Trias deposit underwent a diapiric process which spanned from the Jurassic (middle ? Upper ?) until the present. Geomorphological organization . – The sub-circular structure corresponds both to the valley or dale floor and to flat or convex interfluves. The organization of the drainage shows anomalies characterized by linear and curved structures. Several lineaments in a N140 direction are visible on the eastern half of the dome. They appeared as parallel drains aligned on both sides of the Marcusse brook. Sub-circular structures clearly appear on the sectors A and B of the eroded dome. These curved lineaments are arranged in arcs inside and following the form of the dome. This corresponds to the drainage patterns of the sedimentary domes or exposed diapirs. In the case of the Geaune dome, it concerns a type of complex radio-annular drainage pattern for which the radial drains are largely controlled by the recent fracturing. Dynamics . – Since the Miocene, the history of the Geaune sector has integrated the evolution of the entire gascon piedmont with the deposing of continental sediments (Upper Cenozoic) generating a higher surface followed by, from the Quaternary, the development of the drainage pattern, the formation of present relief and the deposition of alluvial terraces. The diapiric dynamics since Oligocene. – In the Pyrenean foreground, the Oligocene is the paroxysmal phase. The diapiric structures already formed are picked up in the overthrusting ramps (Tercis, Audignon, Riscle). Mio-Pliocene . – In Gascogne, the N140 faults move (in extension ?): they favour a renewal of diapirism which deforms the middle Miocene deposits (Bastennes and Geaune). An inversion with detumescence of the domes then occurs ; the whole is enclosed by the truncation of the higher surface. Quaternary. – The diapir takes over weakly and becomes more pronounced during the Riss. It is associated with toppled boulders orientated N140. The motor is the mobility of the Gulf of Gascogne which participates in the rotation of the Pyrenean rivers towards the west. The inversion occurs at the end of the Riss with a centripetal drainage on the Geaune dome. A type of original model: the inversion ring. – In the northern Pyrenean piedmont, intrusive and extrusive saliferous domes coexist. The analysis of the surface morphostructures which are generated by the rising of these Triassic elements makes the proposal of a detailed model of evolution possible (fig.13). There are five stages regrouped in two phases. In the course of phase I (stage I of positive relief) the drainage is principally centrifugal and radial. During phase II (inversion stages 3, 4 and 5) the center of the dome grows and centripetal radial drains form. The final stage is marked by the filling of the depression. As well as the interest given to the evolution of these structures, the analysis of drainage pattern anomalies and of the forms constitutes an efficient tool of reconnaissance permitting the illustration of, or confirming the presence of deep intrusive saliferous domes.
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Rizk, Manar, Deena El-Deberky, Faten El-Sayed, Aziza Amin, and Abubakr El-Mahmoudy. "Pharmacological impact of Agaricus bisporus extract in carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatotoxicity in rats." International Journal of Pharmacology and Toxicology 8, no. 1 (December 18, 2020): 107. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijpt.v8i1.31211.
Full textAbstract:
Drug-induced hepatotoxicity is a frequent cause of liver injury worldwide. The present study was designed to evaluate the possible hepato-protective potential Agaricus bisporus extract (ABE; a type of mushrooms) in albino rats using Carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-model of liver injury. Forty-two albino rats were utilized in this experiment arranged randomly in seven groups, six rats each, of different treatments. He-patic injury model was induced by administration of CCl4 (25% in corn oil) at a dose of 2.5 ml/kg, interperitoneally, twice weekly for 8 weeks (+ve control); test group rats received ABE at escalating doses of 200 or 400 mg/kg, orally, daily for 8 weeks with exposure to CCl4; standard group rats received Silymarin at dose of 100 mg/kg, orally, daily for 8 weeks along with CCl4; further 2 groups of rats received only ABE at the same dose levels; while rats of -ve control group received only the vehicles of the used drugs. Blood and liver tissue sam-ples were picked out at the end of the experimental course for different assays. Biochemical analysis revealed that ABE exhibited dose-dependent hepatoprotection indicated by almost normalized biomarkers, including, enzymatic liver function parameters, namely, AST, ALT, GGT & ALP with potential % of 93.1, 58.2, 65.2, 68.9, respectively, after ABE large dose when standardized by Silymarin; non-enzymatic parameters, namely, total protein, albumin, globulins, total bilirubin, conjugated bilirubin, unconjugated bilirubin, TAGs, Cholesterol, HDL, LDL & VLDL with potential % of 59.3, 54.5, 57.3, 81.8, 81.0, 80.0, 75.5, 90.4, 80.8, 84.5 & 78.7, respectively, after ABE large dose when standardized by Silymarin. The mechanism of the obtained hepatoprotection of ABE may be based on impeding the oxidative stress mediated by the used hepatotoxin, indicated by reduced MDA (37.9 % of Silymarin), and restored SOD, Catalase & GPx in liver homogenate with potentials of 94.9, 63.0 & 88.4 % of Silymarin, respectively. Pathological findings, both macroscopic and microscopic, were supportive to the biochemical findings, where the pathological lesions caused by CCl4 as fatty degeneration of hepatocytes with vacuolated cytoplasm, proliferated fibrous connective tissue with eosinophilic edematous fluid cells plus focal and diffuse necrotic areas and hyperplastic biliary epithelium, were ameliorated dose-dependently when ABE was administered together with CCl4. Data of the present study may suggest ABE as a good natural source for promising hepatoprotective and antioxidative remedies.
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Lai, WL, AYH Cheah, RCO Ruiz, NGW Lo, KQJ Kuah, H. Saeedipour, and KL Goh. "A simple portable low-pressure healant-injection device for repairing damaged composite laminates." International Journal of Mechanical Engineering Education 45, no. 4 (May 29, 2017): 360–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0306419017708645.
Full textAbstract:
This article presents the outcomes of an undergraduate design-for-industry team-driven project to develop a portable low-pressure healant-injection device. The developed healant-injection device is intended to use for teaching purpose. The students practice some of the techniques of repairing damaged composite laminates, as part of an engineering composite-related course, which mainly covers the fundamentals and applications of composite laminates. The healant-injection device works by introducing resin into damaged site that can assist the healant to flow through the network of micro-cracks in a low-pressure environment. The device comprises three components: a chamber featuring a (rectangular box) cover made from acrylic that is intended to cover a damaged surface in a low-pressure environment, an injection unit and a vacuum pump unit. Only the vacuum chamber was designed from scratch by the team; the other components were sourced commercially. The repair of composite laminates can be performed using a low viscosity resin, which is made to flow through a hole on the roof of the chamber, assisted by the injection unit (fluid dispenser), from which the resin flows into the damaged (micro-cracks) site; the very low pressure environment (25–29 inHg) in the chamber facilitates the removal of air pockets in the cracks. The composite laminates featured in this project are carbon fibre reinforced composite laminates, which are of great interest to the aerospace industry. Testing and evaluation were carried out by the team to assess the performance of the healant-injection device using impacted carbon fibre reinforced composites. To assist the team to study the effectiveness of the repair, (a) an ultrasonic C-scan equipment for non-destructive testing was used to assess the extent of the healant flow into the crack regions within the damaged carbon fibre reinforced composites and (b) a compression after impact test was carried out to assess the recovery of the compressive strength of the repaired carbon fibre reinforced composites compare to the pristine and damaged samples in different number of carbon-fibre plies (10, 16, 24 and 32).
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Webster, Tim, Kevin McGuigan, Nathan Crowell, Kate Collins, and Candace MacDonald. "Remote Predictive Mapping 7. The Use of Topographic–Bathymetric Lidar to Enhance Geological Structural Mapping in Maritime Canada." Geoscience Canada 43, no. 3 (September 30, 2016): 199. http://dx.doi.org/10.12789/geocanj.2016.43.099.
Full textAbstract:
An airborne topo-bathymetric lidar survey was conducted at Cape John, on the north shore of Nova Scotia, Canada, using the shallow water Leica AHAB Chiroptera II sensor. The survey revealed new bedrock features that were not discovered using previous mapping methods. A thick blanket of glacial till covers the bedrock on land, and outcrops are exposed only along the coastal cliffs and offshore reefs. The seamless landseabed digital elevation model produced from the lidar survey revealed significant bedrock outcrop offshore where ocean currents have removed the glacial till, a significant finding that was hitherto hidden under the sea surface. Several reefs were identified offshore as well as a major fold structure where block faulting occurs along the limbs of the fold. The extension of the Malagash Mine Fault located ~10 km west of Cape John is proposed to explain the local folding and faulting visible in the submerged outcrops. The extension of this fault is partially visible on land, where it is obscured by glacial till, and its presence is supported by the orientation of submerged bedding and lineaments on both the south and north sides of Cape John. This paper demonstrates how near-shore high-resolution topography from bathymetric lidar can be used to enhance and refine geological mapping.RÉSUMÉUn levé lidar topo-bathymétrique été réalisé à Cape John, sur la rive nord de la Nouvelle-Écosse, Canada, en utilisant un capteur Leci AHAB Chiroptera II. Ce levé a permis de repérer des affleurements que les méthodes de cartographie plus anciennes n’avaient pu détecter. Une épaisse couche de till glaciaire recouvre la roche en place sur le continent, et la roche affleure seulement le long des falaises côtières et des récifs côtiers. Le modèle numérique de dénivelé en continu terres et fonds marins obtenu par le levé lidar a révélé l’existence d’affleurement rocheux considérables au large des côtes, là où les courants océaniques ont emporté le till glaciaire, une découverte importante demeurée cachée sous la surface de la mer jusqu’alors. Plusieurs récifs ont été identifiés au large des côtes, ainsi qu’une structure de pli majeure, à l’endroit où se produit un morcellement en blocs le long des flancs du pli. Une extension de la faille de la mine Malagash situé ~ 10 km à l’ouest de Cape John est proposé pour expliquer les plis et les failles locaux visibles dans les affleurements submergés. L’extension de cette faille est partiellement visible sur la terre, voilée par le till, et sa présence est étayée par l’orientation de la stratification et des linéaments submergés tant du côté sud que nord de Cape John. Cet article montre comment la topographie haute résolution du lidar bathymétrique peut être utilisée pour améliorer et affiner la cartographie géologique.
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Hambali, Hartati &. "Transformasi NU di Indonesia: Upaya Menghilangkan Polemik di Tengah Perubahan Politik." Substantia: Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Ushuluddin 20, no. 1 (April 18, 2018): 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.22373/substantia.v20i1.3404.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract: This article looks at the power actors and the political elites, who always have a position, strategic and nominations in the course of the nation’s history, which often have the power to direct and designing the history of the nation. The emergence of a modernist discourse on Nahdlatul Ulama (NU) is very concerning. NU regarded as a political organization has no significant role to play down organizing political change and the substitution of elite political power actors directly. Because the domain of thinking than often become conservative, countrified, superstitious, think old-fashioned, opportunistic chameleon, inconsistent, corrupt, cultured syncretic and other. Internally, NU as experienced a ‘stagnation of thought’. At the same time, it has not yet found a vision regarding the role and contribution of NU to Indonesia in the global context. Nu as an organization that has abundant millennial generations, certainly has a very strategic role in the effort to create a golden Indonesia 2045. Efforts are needed to explore things in the tradition that can support transformation. NU must be able to concentrate itself on taking care of people's problems in the social, community, education, health, empowerment, economic, religious, politics, and so on, which may be more fundamental for the Indonesian people.
Abstrak: Artikel ini membahas aktor-aktor kekuasaan dan elit politik, yang selalu memiliki posisi, strategis, dan nominasi dalam perjalanan sejarah bangsa, yang sering memiliki kekuatan untuk mengarahkan dan merancang sejarah bangsa. Munculnya wacana modernis mengenai Nahdlatul Ulama (NU) sagatlah miris. NU dianggap sebagai organisasi politik tidak mempunyai peran yang signifikan untuk turut mengatur perubahan politik dan pergantian aktor-aktor kekuasaan dan elit-elit politik secara langsung. Hal ini dikarenakan ranah berfikir yang sering menjadi konservatif, kampungan, percaya takhyul, berfikir kuno, oportunis, berwatak bunglon dan plin-plan, korup, berbudaya sinkretis, dan lainnya. Secara internal NU seperti mengalami ‘stagnasi pemikiran’. Pada saat yang sama, belum menemukan visi terkait bagaimana peran dan kontribusi NU terhadap Indonesia dalam konteks percaturan global. Nu sebagai organsasi yang memiliki generasi millennial berlimpah, tentu memiliki peran sangat strategis dalam upaya mewujudkan Indonesia emas 2045. Diperlukan ikhtiar untuk menggali hal-hal dalam tradisi yang bisa mendukung transformasi. NU harus mampu mengkonsentrasikan diri untuk mengurus persoalan-persolan umat di bidang sosial, masyarakat, pendidikan, kesehatan, pemberdayaan, ekonomi, keagamaan, politik dan sebagainya, yang mungkin lebih fundamental bagi bangsa Indonesia.
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Artates, Anne Margaux V., and Melfred L. Hernandez. "Frontolateral Laryngectomy with Imbrication Laryngoplasty for Stage I Glottic Carcinoma." Philippine Journal of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 27, no. 1 (June 29, 2012): 31–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.32412/pjohns.v27i1.553.
Full textAbstract:
Good prognosis has been associated with early detection of Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the larynx. The patient’s choice for any treatment modality depends highly on the cure rate, larynx preservation rate, post-treatment voice quality, morbidity, and treatment cost.1 Regardless of which stage of disease, the choice of treatment centers mainly on the maintenance of quality of life and minimal adverse effects.
CASE REPORT
A 56-year-old male presented with a 9-month history of intermittent hoarseness with occasional low-grade fever. A local private physician diagnosed pulmonary tuberculosis and treated him with anti-tuberculosis medications for 6 months. Persistence of hoarseness after treatment prompted consult in our institution where laryngeal videostroboscopy revealed a fleshy, fungating mass occupying the anterior 1/3 of the right true vocal cord extending towards the midline with probable involvement of the contralateral anterior ¼ of the left true vocal cord and full, symmetric mobility of both arytenoids. (Figure 1)
Direct laryngoscopy, tracheoscopy, esophagoscopy and biopsy yielded histopathologic findings consistent with well-differentiated squamous cell carcinoma. Computed tomography revealed an isolated right glottic mass with no radiologic extension to the cricoid, contralateral vocal cord and ipsilateral arytenoid. American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) staging of the patient at this time was Stage I (TIbN0M0). Options for radiotherapy or conservation laryngectomy (via frontolateral laryngectomy with imbrication laryngoplasty) were presented to the patient, as well as prognosis, and expected outcomes. Having opted for conservation laryngectomy, the patient underwent frontolateral laryngectomy with imbrication laryngoplasty.
At the beginning of the procedure, the larynx was exposed via a 5 centimeter horizontal skin incision and strap muscle retraction. A perichondrial flap was elevated over the right thyroid lamina (Figure 2). A midline laryngotomy allowed direct visualization of the tumor and its location. In this case, an extension of 3 millimeters beyond the midline afforded better exposure. Cartilage and mucosal cuts were mapped and the superior cut was performed at the level of the ventricle. The inferior cut was 1 centimeter from the superior margin, providing an ample margin of resection.
Prior to making the cartilage cuts, a fine cutting burr was used to drill 2 pairs of holes on each cartilage strip of the involved side. The superior cut was made through the ventricle and paraglottic tissues, leaving behind the posterior 1/3 of the right true vocal cord together with the right arytenoid. The specimen included the anterior 2/3 of the right true vocal cord, inferior and superior surfaces, vocalis muscle, and ipsilateral thyroid cartilage strip. Hemostasis was achieved using bipolar cautery (Figure 3). Specimens from the posterior, anterior and inferior margins were sent for final histopathology.
Reconstruction of the remaining hemilarynx comprised 2 steps: first, imbrication of the remaining thyroid cartilage for the cartilaginous framework; and second, development of the superiorly-based vocal fold mucosal flap.
The vocal fold mucosal flap was developed by undermining the mucosa of the remaining false vocal fold from the inner aspect of the superior thyroid cartilage strip. The superior and inferior cartilage strips were then imbricated– whereby both strips were overlapped by placing the superior strip medial to the inferior strip– a technique also known as internal imbrication laryngoplasty. (Figure 4) Two Prolene 2-0 sutures were placed through the predrilled holes to secure the cartilage strips together and the knots were placed externally (Figure 5). Complete closure of the anterior and posterior commissure was accomplished using absorbable Vicryl 5-0 sutures. A tracheotomy was performed in this patient and a nasogastric tube inserted. Estimated blood loss was 100 cc, and the procedure lasted 4 hours and 20 minutes. The nasogastric tube was removed 10 days after the operation and decannulation was achieved 3 weeks after surgery with no complaints of aspiration. (Figure 6). Monthly follow-up for 10 months with indirect laryngoscopy and videostroboscopy has shown no evidence of recurrence in this patient.
DISCUSSION
Laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma involving one subsite as defined by the TNM staging of the AJCC is managed with a single treatment modality – the choice of treatment is influenced by the associated morbidities.2 Historically, Gordon Buck performed the first reported laryngofissure and local excision of laryngeal cancer in 1851. It was in 1878 that Bilroth introduced transcervical vertical partial laryngectomy and achieved long-term cure for glottic carcinoma.1 Publications by Chawla et al., Ferlito et al. and Har-El et al. enumerate the treatment strategies for stage I and II glottic carcinoma, namely radiation therapy, endoscopic surgery, transoral laser surgery, laryngofissure with cordectomy, and partial laryngectomy, including its modifications and reconstructive options.1,3,4 Silver et al. have claimed that results of laser surgery are equivalent to those obtained with conservation surgery.6
The International Federation of Head and Neck Oncologic Societies (IFHNOS)’ Dr. Randall Webber enumerated four factors promoting renewed interest in organ preservation surgery: cost, functional outcome, lack of demonstrated survival benefit for non-surgical therapy, and improvement of surgical precision and limited access approaches driven by technological advances5. While complete eradicaton of disease has remained the principal goal in oncologic management, the said factors should be taken into consideration prior to initiation of treatment. Depending on the availability of treatment choices, T1/T2 glottic lesions can be managed effectively by a single treatment protocol – via transoral endoscopic surgery or radiotherapy or open-approach conservation laryngectomy. Isolated cases have reported failure of disease control in transoral endoscopic surgery when the anterior commissure is involved. It is in the same light that frontolateral laryngectomy was given as an option in the case presented.
The phonatory and protective functions of the laryngeal complex are achieved by normal or otherwise acceptable apposition of the vocal cords. In the case of a neo-glottis, this is achieved by imbrication laryngoplasty. This technique, as described by Gady and Paniello,3 includes endolaryngeal mucosal reconstruction with a false vocal fold flap that is combined with the medicalization of the thyroid cartilaginous framework. The result is an improved voice quality owing to the vocal fold flap that forms a smaller glottic gap. Furthermore, Paniello et al. 3 were able to measure outcomes in their retrospective study of patients who underwent partial frontolateral laryngectomy with imbrication laryngoplasty (PLIL) by means of monitoring local control rate of the disease, postoperative course, length of treatment, postoperative voice quality, swallowing function and patient satisfaction. Their results revealed that the said technique compare favorably with those treated with radiation therapy and endoscopic surgery. Local control rates reported by Dedivitis et al.7 in 2005 involved a retrospective analysis of 30 patients with the AJCC staging of T1bN0M0 and T2N0M0 from 1995-2002. Twenty five of the said patients showed no evidence of disease during follow-up, while five experienced local recurrence and were subsequently treated with salvage surgery.
Individual discussions on indications and outcomes of each modality for T1/T2 glottic lesions are beyond the scope of this report. However, we encourage that partial frontolateral laryngectomy with imbrication laryngoplasty also be presented as a treatment option for selected early glottis carcinoma cases.
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Gautama, Maria Patricia, and Jony Oktavian Haryanto. "THE EFFECT OF CONSUMER FACTORS AND STORE IMAGE WHICH IS MODERATED BY PLB IMAGE TOWARDS PLB PURCHASE INTENTION." Journal of Management and Business 10, no. 2 (September 1, 2011). http://dx.doi.org/10.24123/jmb.v10i2.197.
Full textAbstract:
Nowadays the development of Private Label Brands (PLBs) is increasing; this is proven by the increasing number of PLBs products in various product categories that we can found in several types of stores such as a supermarket, hypermarket format or in convenience store. PLBs have a very good opportunity in the market, considering many consumers are realizing that the price of PLBs which tend to be cheaper and with good qualities when compared with the price of national brands or product manufacturer. It also becomes interesting when it is known that the opportunities are widely open and it is proven with more and more retailers which aggressively producing PLBs. They give consumers more choices with a more affordable price but still provide good quality, especially in this world economy condition that tends to go down which of course also affect consumer purchasing power. By these reasons, the aim of the study is to determine whether the consumer and store image factors have a significant relationship in encouraging consumers to make PLB purchases, especially when it is moderated by PLB Image. The results showed that there are significant effect from consumer factors and stores image toward PLB purchase intention and its getting increase with the moderation of the PLB image.
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Karkar Esperat, Tala Michelle. "Literacy instructional coaching for inservice teachers through a community-engaged partnership." International Journal of Mentoring and Coaching in Education ahead-of-print, ahead-of-print (July 13, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijmce-10-2020-0062.
Full textAbstract:
PurposeThe purpose of the study was to provide an example of instructional coaching for inservice teachers within the context of community-engaged scholarship (CEP), involving professional learning communities (PLCs). This study seeks to encourage policymakers to allocate budgets for instructional coaches, as well as resources for schools.Design/methodology/approachAn exploratory case study design was used to examine the factors that contributed to the partnership and how the PLC sessions impacted the inservice teachers' practices. Data sources included interviews, focus groups, written reflections, observations of grade-level teachers' meetings and administrative meetings.FindingsThe study uncovered important factors that impacted the community-engaged partnership (CEP) positively, such as partners having a unified agenda, a common focus on the school's needs and an understanding of the culture of the school. Principals are the gatekeepers in such partnerships.Research limitations/implicationsThis study yielded the description of a model of instructional coaching within a CEP that other universities around the world could replicate. The limitations of this study include the length of the study and the time frame in which the PLC content was planned. The study was conducted over 1 year to limited funding. The instructional coach developed the PLC content during the ongoing academic year and that impacted the teachers' initial perceptions and their commitment to the PLCs.Originality/valueThis study offers a new coaching model for CEPs that focuses on closing the gap between theory and practice by integrating PLCs, content knowledge, pedagogical knowledge and face-to-face visual support.
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Iskandar, Eka, Mochammad Rameli, and Nicco Nicco. "Ladder Diagram based on State Diagram for Selection and Assembling Part on Dual Conveyor." JAREE (Journal on Advanced Research in Electrical Engineering) 1, no. 2 (October 2, 2017). http://dx.doi.org/10.12962/j25796216.v1.i2.19.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract— In industry, conveyor is a means of transportation to move production materials. Conveyor not just move the goods but there are other processes such as counting the number of goods, filling the liquid and so forth because it is equipped with certain sensors and actuators. These processes can be automated by using PLCs as controllers by executing instruction programs in the form of ladder diagrams. The complexity of automation processes in conveyors requires the use of many relays in PLC programming and is difficult to apply to low-specification PLCs. Of course the procurement of PLC with high specifications require a lot of money. In order to overcome these problems it is necessary a method that can minimize the number of relays used so that the program becomes shorter. By using state diagram, the result of construction of ladder diagram is obtained by 32 rung and the program capacity is 3 KB.Keywords—Conveyor, Flow-Table/State Diagram, Ladder Diagram, PLC, Rung.
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Bawatneh, Shayma Jamal. "Analytical View on the Impact of Foreign Aid on the Palestinian Local Development within the Framework of the Local Government Sector - Under the State Building Phase -." Open Science Journal 5, no. 1 (February 10, 2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.23954/osj.v5i1.2147.
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This paper trying to assess the impact of foreign aid on the Palestinian local development by focusing on the role of PLGS and monitoring the readiness of the Palestinian local development plans to face and manage the future in case foreign aid is cut off permanently from the State of Palestine. The paper poses main question: Is foreign aid “within the framework of the PLGS” being channeled within the proper course of local development? Taking into account the exceptional circumstances of building a State under colonialism and under a centralized system of government. Main results were presented via SWOT analysis which based on deep literature review, interviewing local officials, and identification of performance indicators which used in the assessment. Findings of this study pointed out that despite the fragility of the Palestinian local governance sector which has many internal problems and external challenges; there are many opportunities that must be invested within the available potentials in order to achieve sustainable local development. Besides, reducing the value of foreign aid until do without it is the proper course toward sustainable local development through changing the mentality of consuming into investing. The study presented many valuable recommendations to correct the path of local development in the state of Palestine and how to activate the positive aspects that related to obtaining foreign aid. Developing countries can rely on the results of this study as they are similar in the fragility of their administrative systems.
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Yuyun, Xu, Yu Lexi, Wang Haochu, Shu Zhenyu, and Gong Xiangyang. "Early Warning Information for Severe and Critical Patients With COVID-19 Based on Quantitative CT Analysis of Lung Segments." Frontiers in Public Health 9 (May 13, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2021.596938.
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Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak is spreading rapidly around the world.Purpose: We aimed to explore early warning information for patients with severe/critical COVID-19 based on quantitative analysis of chest CT images at the lung segment level.Materials and Methods: A dataset of 81 patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) treated at Wuhan Wuchang hospital in Wuhan city from 21 January 2020 to 14 February 2020 was retrospectively analyzed, including ordinary and severe/critical cases. The time course of all subjects was divided into four stages. The differences in each lobe and lung segment between the two groups at each stage were quantitatively analyzed using the percentage of lung involvement (PLI) in order to investigate the most important segment of lung involvement in the severe/critical group and its corresponding time point.Results: Lung involvement in the ordinary and severe/critical groups reached a peak on the 18th and 14th day, respectively. In the first stage, PLIs in the right middle lobe and the left superior lobe between the two groups were significantly different. In the second stage and the fourth stage, there were statistically significant differences between the two groups in the whole lung, right superior lobe, right inferior lobe and left superior lobe. The rapid progress of the lateral segment of the right middle lobe on the second day and the anterior segment of the right upper lobe on the 13th day may be a warning sign for severe/critical patients. Age was the most important demographic characteristic of the severe/critical group.Conclusion: Quantitative assessment based on the lung segments of chest CT images provides early warning information for potentially severe/critical patients.
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Zornek, Timo, Thomas Mosbach, and Manfred Aigner. "Optical Measurements of a Lower Calorific Values-Combustor Operated in a Micro Gas Turbine With Various Fuel Compositions." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 141, no. 4 (December 7, 2018). http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.4040908.
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In a recent joint research project, a new FLOX®-combustion system was developed to couple a fixed-bed gasifier with a micro gas turbine (MGT). Product gases from biomass gasification exhibit low calorific values and varying compositions of mainly H2, CO, CO2, N2, and CH4. Furthermore, combustion characteristics differ significantly compared to the commonly used natural gas. As the FLOX-technology is considered as efficient and fuel-flexible featuring low emissions of hazardous pollutants, the design of the lower calorific value (LCV) combustor is based on it. It contains a two-staged combustor consisting of a jet-stabilized main stage adapted from the FLOX-concept combined with a swirl stabilized pilot stage. The combustor was operated in a Turbec T100 test rig using an optically accessible combustion chamber, which allowed OH*-chemiluminescence and OH-PLIF measurements for various fuel compositions. In particular, the hydrogen content in the synthetically mixed fuel gas was varied from 0% to 30%. The exhaust gas composition was additionally analyzed regarding CO, NOx, and unburned hydrocarbons. The results provide a comprehensive insight into the flame behavior during turbine operation. Efficient combustion and stable operation of the MGT was observed for all fuel compositions, while the hydrogen showed a strong influence. It is remarkable that with hydrogen contents higher than 9%, no OH radicals were detected within the inner recirculation zone, while they were increasingly entrained below hydrogen contents of 9%. Without hydrogen, the inner recirculation zone was completely filled with OH radicals and the highest concentrations were detected there. Therefore, the results indicate a different flame behavior with low and high hydrogen contents. Although the flame shape and position were affected, pollutant emissions remained consistently below 10 ppm based on 15% O2. Only in the case of 0% hydrogen, CO-emissions increased to 43 ppm, which are still meeting the emission limits. Thus, the combustor allows operation with syngases having hydrogen contents from 0% to 30%.
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"Applying Progressive Lifestyle Modifications and Biomedical Trend Analysis plus Pattern Recognition to Strengthen Metabolism and Immunity In Order To Fight Against Infectious Diseases Using GH-Method: Math-Physical Medicine (No. 330)." Archives of Infectious Diseases & Therapy 4, no. 3 (September 26, 2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.33140/aidt.04.03.01.
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In this article, the author demonstrates his research method and analysis approach regarding metabolism and immunity. Even though he did not contract any infectious disease, including a severe flu, over the past 5 years, he decided to use his collected data from the past 10-years. He utilized glucoses and weight along with diet and exercise to address his trend pattern analysis of two chronic diseases (obesity and diabetes) and his lifestyle’s progressive modification. This lifestyle modification is closely related to the subject of behavioral psychology. He developed a research methodology including GH-Method: math-physical medicine (MPM) and Mentality-Personality Modeling (MPM) to conduct this study. He has emphasized the quantitative linkage and data precision between the disease’s physiological phenomena and the lifestyle behavior’s psychological influences. Although he has chosen obesity and diabetes as two examples, he could easily convert them into a combined metabolic disorder disease or just choose an infectious disease as his z-axis element to conduct a similar analysis. As a result, he decided to focus on his metabolism and immunity as the measurement yardsticks of his body strength to fight against various infectious diseases. The research methodology and analysis approach are identical as the example studies. Most diseases can be prevented or controlled from the deepest core area and at the most fundamental level via a lifestyle management program. Once lifestyle details improve, then the patient’s overall metabolism situation will be healthier. Of course, when metabolic disorder conditions are under control via lifestyle improvements, then the immune system is also strengthened since metabolism and immunity are two sides of the same coin. This means that “a coin may have different graphics designs on each side (similar to different biomarker readings), but they share the same internal material (similar to the same body and organs)”. This strong immunity will become the most effective defense force of the patient’s body to fight against many infectious diseases. In this study, the author developed a geometric presentation model using some key lifestyle details, such as carbs/sugar intake amount and meal portion percentage as the x-axis, whereas the post-meal and daily total walking steps are the y-axis. Next, he selected some important biomarkers, such as daily glucose and daily body weight as the z-axis values and then “fold-over” or “crush -down” the z-axis to superimpose with the x-y planar space with a special format of “radio waves”. He also applied the same approach and the radio-wave presentation diagram for his study of metabolism and immunity. Under his created 3D presentation on a 2D planar space, the moving trends and recognized patterns of the combined metabolism and immunity scores become ultra-clear. These values on the planar x- and y-axes space are a representation of his progressive lifestyle behavioral modifications over the past 10 years, while the z-axis values are a representation of his general ability that is metabolism and immunity, to fight against diseases, including infectious ones. Although he has chosen obesity and diabetes as two illustration examples, he could easily convert them into a combined metabolic disorder disease or just choose an infectious disease as his z-axis element to conduct a similar analysis. Finally, he decided to focus on his combined metabolism and immunity as the measurement yardstick of his body strength to fight against various infectious diseases. The research methodology and analysis approach are identical as the provided example studies. In summary, as shown in Figure 5, the combined metabolism and immunity values (gray stars) moves from the upper-right corner (110%) with a 45-degree angle toward the bottom-left direction. Except in 2013, when he was very unhealthy, the moving path has a slight upward trend; otherwise, the moving path followed a 45-degree straight line downwards to the bottom-left corner of 54% for metabolism and 53% for immunity. This conclusive figure demonstrated that his persistent efforts on controlling his medical conditions via a stringent lifestyle management program has ultimately made his metabolism and immunity stronger year after year. This report also exhibited his strong determination, willpower, and persistence along with his continuous struggle on maintaining his healthy levels of diet, exercise, metabolism for over the past 10 years. The only driving force behind him is that he wants to have a long, healthy life and not suffer from the dreadful chronic diseases, cancers, and various infectious diseases. When his MI and GHSU values reached to the Turing Year of 2014, his metabolism situation became much better compared to his previous years, and his immunity was getting stronger as a result. He has not gotten the flu or any serious infectious diseases since the year 2016. Through analyzing those distinctive trend patterns, the personality traits and psychological behavioral characteristics of a patient can be revealed instantly and clearly. Consequently, a more practical guidance of “progressive behavioral modification” can be provided to other patients in order to improve their medical physiological conditions by strengthening their metabolism and immunity.