To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Plosive, stop consonant, model.
Journal articles on the topic 'Plosive, stop consonant, model'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 17 journal articles for your research on the topic 'Plosive, stop consonant, model.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Eilers, Rebecca, D. K. Oller, Richard Urbano, and Debra Moroff. "Conflicting and Cooperating Cues." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 32, no. 2 (June 1989): 307–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/jshr.3202.307.
Full textAbstract:
Three experiments were conducted to ascertain the relative salience of two cues for final consonant voicing in infants and adults. Experiment 1 was designed to investigate infant perception of periodicity of burst, vowel duration, and the two cues combined in a cooperating pattern. Experiment 2 was designed to examine infant perception of these same cues but in a conflicting pattern, that is, with extended duration associated with the voiceless final plosive. Experiment 3 examined perception of the stimuli from Experiments 1 and 2 with adult subjects. Results indicate that in both adults and infants combined cues facilitate discrimination of the phonemic contrast regardless of whether the cues cooperate or conflict. The three experiments taken together do not support a phonetic interpretation of conflicting/cooperating cues for the perception of final stop consonant voicing. Potential psychoacoustic explanations are discussed.
2
WESTERHAUSEN, RENÉ, NELE PÕLDVER, RICHARD NAAR, DOMINIKA RADZIUN, MARIA SILVIA KAAREP, KAIRI KREEGIPUU, KENNETH HUGDAHL, PÄRTEL LIPPUS, and KRISTIINA KOMPUS. "Effect of voicing on perceptual auditory laterality in Estonian and Norwegian native speakers." Applied Psycholinguistics 39, no. 2 (June 27, 2017): 259–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0142716417000170.
Full textAbstract:
ABSTRACTAs a reliable and valid measures of perceptual auditory laterality, dichotic listening has been successfully applied in studies in many countries and languages. However, languages differ in the linguistic relevance of change in initial phoneme of words (e.g., for word identification). In the present cross-language study, we examine the effect of these differences on dichotic-listening task performance to establish how characteristics of one's native language affect the perception of nonnative phonological features. We compared 33 native speakers of Norwegian, a language characterized by a clear distinction between voiced and unvoiced initial plosive consonants, with 30 native speakers of Estonian, a language that has exclusively unvoiced initial phonemes. Using a free-report dichotic-listening paradigm utilizing pairs of voiced (/ba/, /da/, /ga/) and unvoiced (/pa/, /ta/, /ka/) stop-consonant vowels as stimulus material, the Norwegian native speakers were found to be more sensitive to the voicing of the initial plosive than the Estonian group. “Voicing” explained 69% and 18% of the variance in the perceptual auditory laterality in the Norwegian and the Estonian sample, respectively. This indicates that experiential differences, likely during acquisition of the mother tongue in early development, permanently shape the sensitivity to the voicing contrast.
3
Schwartz, Geoffrey, Anna Balas, and Arkadiusz Rojczyk. "Stop Release in Polish English — Implications for Prosodic Constituency." Research in Language 12, no. 2 (June 30, 2014): 131–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/rela-2014-0006.
Full textAbstract:
Although there is little consensus on the relevance of non-contrastive allophonic processes in L2 speech acquisition, EFL pronunciation textbooks cover the suppression of stop release in coda position. The tendency for held stops in English is in stark opposition to a number of other languages, including Polish, in which plosive release is obligatory. This paper presents phonetic data on the acquisition of English unreleased stops by Polish learners. Results show that in addition to showing a tendency for the target language pattern of unreleased plosives, advanced learners may acquire more native-like VC formant transitions. From the functional perspective, languages with unreleased stops may be expected to have robust formant patterns on the final portion of the preceding vowel, which allow listeners to identify the final consonant when it lacks an audible release burst (see e.g. Wright 2004). From the perspective of syllabic positions, it may be said that ‘coda’ stops are obligatorily released in Polish, yet may be unreleased in English. Thus, the traditional term ‘coda’ is insufficient to describe the prosodic properties of post-vocalic stops in Polish and English. These differences may be captured in the Onset Prominence framework (Schwartz 2013). In languages with unreleased stops, the mechanism of submersion places post-vocalic stops at the bottom of the representational hierarchy where they may be subject to weakening. Submersion produces larger prosodic constituents and thus has phonological consequences beyond 'coda' behavior.
4
Abbas, Ghulam, and Muhammad Bashir. "Description and Classification of Balti Consonant Stop Sounds." Linguistics and Literature Review 6, no. 1 (June 2020): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.32350/llr.61.01.
Full textAbstract:
The study aims to describe and classify consonant stop sounds of the Balti language, which is spoken in Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan. In order to describe and classify these sounds, 120 words were selected from literature written in the Balti language. A purposive sample of 20 Balti speakers from 16 to 35 years of age, who were studying in various degree programs at Government College for Boys, Model Town, Lahore and University of Management and Technology, Lahore, was selected to record possible Balti consonant stop sounds. The physical features of each consonant stop sound were carried through the software package for speech analysis in phonetics. The study reveals that there are 15 consonant stop sounds in the Balti language. The study helps document the Balti language, which follows mostly a verbal tradition like many other languages of the region.
5
Ghulam Abbas and Muhammad Bashir. "Description and Classification of Balti Consonant Stop Sounds." Linguistics and Literature Review 6, no. 1 (March 31, 2020): 01–08. http://dx.doi.org/10.32350/llr.v6i1.571.
Full textAbstract:
The study aims to describe and classify consonant stop sounds of the Balti language, which is spoken in Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan. In order to describe and classify these sounds, 120 words were selected from literature written in the Balti language. A purposive sample of 20 Balti speakers from 16 to 35 years of age, who were studying in various degree programs at Government College for Boys, Model Town, Lahore and University of Management and Technology, Lahore, was selected to record possible Balti consonant stop sounds. The physical features of each consonant stop sound were carried through the software package for speech analysis in phonetics. The study reveals that there are 15 consonant stop sounds in the Balti language. The study helps document the Balti language, which follows mostly a verbal tradition like many other languages of the region.
6
van Hessen, A. J., and M. E. H. Schouten. "Modeling phoneme perception. II: A model of stop consonant discrimination." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 92, no. 4 (October 1992): 1856–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.403842.
Full text
7
Story, Brad H., and Kate Bunton. "An acoustically-driven vocal tract model for stop consonant production." Speech Communication 87 (March 2017): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.specom.2016.12.001.
Full text
8
Hedrick, Mark, and Mary Sue Younger. "Perceptual Weighting of Relative Amplitude and Formant Transition Cues in Aided CV Syllables." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 44, no. 5 (October 2001): 964–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/1092-4388(2001/075).
Full textAbstract:
The current study explored the changes in weighting of relative amplitude and formant transition cues that may be caused by a K-amp circuit. Twelve listeners with normal hearing and 3 listeners with sensorineural hearing loss labeled the stop consonant place of articulation of synthetic consonant-vowel stimuli. Within the stimuli, two acoustic cues were varied: the frequency of the onset of the second and third formant (F2/F3) transitions and the relative amplitude between the consonant burst and the following vowel in the fourth and fifth formant (F4/ F5) frequency region. The variation in the two cues ranged from values appropriate for a voiceless labial stop consonant to a voiceless alveolar stop consonant. The listeners labeled both the unaided stimuli and the stimuli recorded through a hearing aid with a K-amp circuit. An analysis of variance (ANOVA) model was used to calculate the perceptual weight given each cue. Data from listeners with normal hearing show a change in relative weighting of cues between aided and unaided stimuli. Pilot data from the listeners with hearing loss show a more varied pattern, with more weight placed on relative amplitude. These results suggest that calculation of perceptual weights using an ANOVA model may be worthwhile in future studies examining the relationship between acoustic information presented by a hearing aid and the subsequent perception by the listener with hearing loss.
9
Sekhar, C. C., and B. Yegnanarayana. "A constraint satisfaction model for recognition of stop consonant-vowel (SCV) utterances." IEEE Transactions on Speech and Audio Processing 10, no. 7 (October 2002): 472–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tsa.2002.804298.
Full text
10
Korvel, Gražina, and Bożena Kostek. "Voiceless Stop Consonant Modelling and Synthesis Framework Based on MISO Dynamic System." Archives of Acoustics 42, no. 3 (September 26, 2017): 375–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/aoa-2017-0039.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractA voiceless stop consonant phoneme modelling and synthesis framework based on a phoneme modelling in low-frequency range and high-frequency range separately is proposed. The phoneme signal is decomposed into the sums of simpler basic components and described as the output of a linear multiple-input and single-output (MISO) system. The impulse response of each channel is a third order quasi-polynomial. Using this framework, the limit between the frequency ranges is determined. A new limit point searching three-step algorithm is given in this paper. Within this framework, the input of the low-frequency component is equal to one, and the impulse response generates the whole component. The high-frequency component appears when the system is excited by semi-periodic impulses. The filter impulse response of this component model is single period and decays after three periods. Application of the proposed modelling framework for the voiceless stop consonant phoneme has shown that the quality of the model is sufficiently good.
11
Khomytska, Iryna, Vasyl Teslyuk, Natalia Kryvinska, and Iryna Bazylevych. "Software-Based Approach towards Automated Authorship Acknowledgement—Chi-Square Test on One Consonant Group." Electronics 9, no. 7 (July 13, 2020): 1138. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics9071138.
Full textAbstract:
A one-consonant group approach to the authorship attribution has been proposed. The approach is based on determining, by the chi-square test, the consonant group in which the difference between the texts by different authors is statistically significant. The developed model determines author-differentiating capability of each consonant group in a relation of the number of comparisons, in which the difference between the texts by two authors is statistically significant to the total number of comparisons. The determined general author-differentiating capability of the group of stop consonants, which is a statistical parameter of the authorial style, is the highest in the comparisons of texts from the publicist and belles-lettres styles. The one-consonant group approach simplifies the whole process of authorship attribution and ensures a higher level of automation. The conducted experiments on the Java programming language have proved that the chi-square test is a powerful nonparametric statistical test that can be used for author identification on the level of English consonants with a test validity of 95%.
12
Cohn, Abigail C. "Nasalisation in English: phonology or phonetics." Phonology 10, no. 1 (May 1993): 43–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0952675700001731.
Full textAbstract:
In English, a number of rules affect the realisation of a nasal consonant or a segment adjacent to a nasal consonant. These include rules of Anticipatory Nasalisation, e.g. bean /bin/ [bĩn]; Coronal Stop Deletion, e.g. kindness /kajndnes/ [kãjnnes]; Nasal Deletion and optionally Glottalisation, e.g. sent /sent/ [set] or [set'] (see Malécot 1960; Selkirk 1972; Kahn 1980 [1976]; Zue & Laferriere 1979). These rules, characterised largely on the basis of impressionistic data, are widely assumed to be phonological rules of English. Yet current views of the relationship between phonology and phonetics make the distinction between phono-logical rules and phonetic ones less automatic than once assumed and a reconsideration of the status of these rules is warranted. In the present article, I use phonetic data from English to investigate these rules. Based on these data, I argue that Anticipatory Nasalisation results from phonetic implementation rather than from a phonological rule, as previously assumed. It is shown that the basic patterns of nasalisation in English can be accounted for straightforwardly within a target-interpolation model. I then investigate the phonological status and phonetic realisation of Nasal Deletion, Coronal Stop Deletion and Glottalisation. The interaction of these rules yields some surprising results, in that glottalised /t/ [t'] is amenable to nasalisation.
13
Finnegan, Eileen M., Erich S. Luschei, and Henry T. Hoffman. "Estimation of Alveolar Pressure During Speech Using Direct Measures of Tracheal Pressure." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 42, no. 5 (October 1999): 1136–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/jslhr.4205.1136.
Full textAbstract:
The pressure in the alveoli of the lungs, created by the elastic recoil of the lungs and respiratory muscle activity, is referred to as alveolar pressure (P a ). The extent to which tracheal pressure (P t ) approximates P a depends on the resistance to airflow offered by structures above and below the point at which tracheal pressure is measured. An understanding of the relationship among P a , P t , and upper and lower airway resistance, and how these values fluctuate during speech, could aid in interpretation and modeling of speech aerodynamics. The purpose of this study was to (a) obtain values for lower airway resistance (R law ), (b) use these R law values to estimate P a during speech, and (c) quantify the degree to which P t approximates P a during production of voiced and voiceless sounds, in comparison to inhalation. In addition, the results were discussed in terms of the degree to which the respiratory system functions as a pressure source. Tracheal pressure (obtained with tracheal puncture) and airflow were measured during sentence production in 6 subjects. Using a technique introduced in this paper, R law was determined from measures of tracheal pressure and flow obtained during a sudden change in upper airway resistance because of release of a voiceless plosive. Mean R law values ranged from 0.14 to 0.32 kPa/(l/s). Each subject's mean R law was used to derive a time-varying measure of P a during speech from continuous measures of tracheal pressure and airflow. P t was approximately 95% of P a during phonation (i.e., when the vocal folds were adducted), 75% of P a during release of the voiceless stop consonant /p/, and 55% of P a during inhalation (i.e., when the vocal folds were abducted). Therefore, the degree to which the respiratory system functioned as an ideal pressure source varied during speech. The ability to estimate P a provides a measure of the pressure produced by the respiratory system that is not influenced by laryngeal activity.
14
Rishiq, Dania, Ashley Harkrider, Cary Springer, and Mark Hedrick. "Effects of Aging on the Subcortical Encoding of Stop Consonants." American Journal of Audiology 29, no. 3 (September 3, 2020): 391–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2020_aja-19-00044.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose The main purpose of this study was to evaluate aging effects on the predominantly subcortical (brainstem) encoding of the second-formant frequency transition, an essential acoustic cue for perceiving place of articulation. Method Synthetic consonant–vowel syllables varying in second-formant onset frequency (i.e., /ba/, /da/, and /ga/ stimuli) were used to elicit speech-evoked auditory brainstem responses (speech-ABRs) in 16 young adults ( M age = 21 years) and 11 older adults ( M age = 59 years). Repeated-measures mixed-model analyses of variance were performed on the latencies and amplitudes of the speech-ABR peaks. Fixed factors were phoneme (repeated measures on three levels: /b/ vs. /d/ vs. /g/) and age (two levels: young vs. older). Results Speech-ABR differences were observed between the two groups (young vs. older adults). Specifically, older listeners showed generalized amplitude reductions for onset and major peaks. Significant Phoneme × Group interactions were not observed. Conclusions Results showed aging effects in speech-ABR amplitudes that may reflect diminished subcortical encoding of consonants in older listeners. These aging effects were not phoneme dependent as observed using the statistical methods of this study.
15
Bai, Fan. "The Contribution of Nasal Murmur to the Perception of Nasal Consonant." Open Electrical & Electronic Engineering Journal 9, no. 1 (September 22, 2015): 393–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874129001509010393.
Full textAbstract:
Identification of perceptual cues can be very helpful in almost all areas of speech signal processing. Recently, a new methodology called the 3-Dimensional-Deep Search and a visualized intelligible time-frequency computer-based model AI-gram have been introduced for research on the perceptual cues. Based on the technique, the acoustic cues for stop consonants [1], fricative consonants [2] and nasal consonants [3] are successfully found. However, these have limitations for studying the contribution of nasal murmur to the recognition of nasal consonants due to the following reasons: Firstly, they only allow the investigation of individual recognition effects along the time, frequency and amplitude axes. The effects of frequency and amplitude in a combinatorial way cannot be studied. Secondly, the initial value for the highpass filter in the filter experiment HL07 [4] is set to 697 Hz, but the nasal murmur region lies around 250 Hz. The perceptual contribution of nasal murmur to the nasal consonants cannot be assessed. To solve these problems, a new experiment has been designed by analyzing the experiment data and comparing them with the stimuli under different SNRs via AIgram. It is revealed that when the primary cue of nasal consonant is clear, which is usually under high SNRs, filtering out nasal murmur does not affect its correct perception. However, when the primary cue is weak usually under low SNRs, nasal murmur has strong complementary effects on the primary cue, and can greatly suppress confusions. This conclusion can be used for noise-robust speech recognition.
16
Tjaden, Kris, and Gary Weismer. "Speaking-Rate-Induced Variability in F2 Trajectories." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 41, no. 5 (October 1998): 976–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/jslhr.4105.976.
Full textAbstract:
This study examined speaking-rate-induced spectral and temporal variability of F2 formant trajectories for target words produced in a carrier phrase at speaking rates ranging from fast to slow. F2 onset frequency measured at the first glottal pulse following the stop consonant release in target words was used to quantify the extent to which adjacent consonantal and vocalic gestures overlapped; F2 target frequency was operationally defined as the first occurrence of a frequency minimum or maximum following F2 onset frequency. Regression analyses indicated 70% of functions relating F2 onset and vowel duration were statistically significant. The strength of the effect was variable, however, and the direction of significant functions often differed from that predicted by a simple model of overlapping, sliding gestures. Results of a partial correlation analysis examining interrelationships among F2 onset, F2 target frequency, and vowel duration across the speaking rate range indicated that covariation of F2 target with vowel duration may obscure the relationship between F2 onset and vowel duration across rate. The results further suggested that a sliding based model of acoustic variability associated with speaking rate change only partially accounts for the present data, and that such a view accounts for some speakers' data better than others.
17
Hollinshead, Michael, Gaener Rodger, Henriette Van Eijl, Mansun Law, Ruth Hollinshead, David J. T. Vaux, and Geoffrey L. Smith. "Vaccinia virus utilizes microtubules for movement to the cell surface." Journal of Cell Biology 154, no. 2 (July 23, 2001): 389–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.200104124.
Full textAbstract:
Vaccinia virus (VV) egress has been studied using confocal, video, and electron microscopy. Previously, intracellular-enveloped virus (IEV) particles were proposed to induce the polymerization of actin tails, which propel IEV particles to the cell surface. However, data presented support an alternative model in which microtubules transport virions to the cell surface and actin tails form beneath cell-associated enveloped virus (CEV) particles at the cell surface. Thus, VV is unique in using both microtubules and actin filaments for egress. The following data support this proposal. (a) Microscopy detected actin tails at the surface but not the center of cells. (b) VV mutants lacking the A33R, A34R, or A36R proteins are unable to induce actin tail formation but produce CEV and extracellular-enveloped virus. (c) CEV formation is inhibited by nocodazole but not cytochalasin D or 4-amino-5-(4-methylphenyl)-7-(t-butyl)pyrazolo(3,4-d)pyrimidine (PP1). (d) IEV particles tagged with the enhanced green fluorescent protein fused to the VV B5R protein moved inside cells at 60 μm/min. This movement was stop-start, was along defined pathways, and was inhibited reversibly by nocodazole. This velocity was 20-fold greater than VV movement on actin tails and consonant with the rate of movement of organelles along microtubules.