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Journal articles on the topic 'Pluie tropicale'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 11 May 2022

Last updated: 30 July 2025

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1

Delwaulle, J. C. "Plantations forestières en Afrique tropicale sèche. Techniques et espèces à utiliser : dispositifs anti-érosifs, traitement anti-termite, date de plantation, mode de plantation." BOIS & FORETS DES TROPIQUES 185 (November 20, 2024): 3–23. https://doi.org/10.19182/bft1979.185.a37597.

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Certains sols présentent des risques d'érosion très importants (par exemple, en bordure de rivière) et ne doivent pas être choisis pour les plantations.L'utilisation de la dieldrine ou de produits de substitution est nécessaire pour prévenir tout risque d'attaque par les termites.La date de plantation doit être choisie avec soin : le calcul du pourcentage de probabilité de pluie dans un délai d'au moins trois jours a permis de définir les périodes favorables les plus probables. Elles varient d'une station à l'autre et se situent dans de nombreux cas entre la fin de la première quinzaine de jui

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2

Boyard-Micheau, Joseph, and Pierre Camberlin. "Reconstitution de séries de pluies quotidiennes en Afrique de l’est : application aux caractéristiques des saisons des pluies." Climatologie 12 (2015): 83–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.4267/climatologie.1142.

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La reconstitution de données de pluies manquantes au pas de temps quotidien et à l’échelle stationnelle est parfois nécessaire pour l’étude de changements climatiques ou des travaux de climatologie appliquée. C’est le cas, en domaine tropical, de l’analyse des variations des caractéristiques des saisons des pluies (dates de démarrage et de fin, durée, etc.). A partir d’une approche méthodologique classique fondée sur une régression linéaire multiple pas à pas, mais appliquée pour tirer le meilleur parti possible des données disponibles et incluant une correction des biais, les performances de

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3

Koffi, Yao Blaise. "Modélisation pluie-débit en région tropicale humide : application des réseaux de neurones sur quatre stations hydrométriques du Bandama Blanc (Bada, Marabadiassa, Tortiya et Bou) situées au Nord de la Côte d'Ivoire. Thèse de l'Universit." Physio-Géo, Volume 3 (January 1, 2009): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/physio-geo.940.

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4

Dicko, Gaoussou, Aboubakar Bengaly, and Sadio Ballo. "Effets des pratiques agricoles sur l'érosion hydrique en zone soudanienne du Mali (station de l’IPR/IFRA de Katibougou)." International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences 16, no. 1 (2022): 345–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ijbcs.v16i1.29.

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La recherche d’indicateurs pour une agriculture durable est un facteur indispensable pour la sécurité alimentaire au Mali. Cette étude visait à tester l’effet de trois systèmes de culture sur l’érosion hydrique. L’essai a été entrepris sur un dispositif expérimental d’érosion de type Wischmeier à l’IPR/IFRA de Katibougou au Mali, sous pluies naturelles sur un sol ferrugineux tropical. Le dispositif était constitué de trois blocs sur 100 m2 par parcelle élémentaire. Chaque bloc était composé de cinq traitements (témoin nu, témoin régional, fréquence limitée du labour, travail minimum du sol et

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Nouvelot, Jean-François, and Luc Descroix. "Aridité et sécheresses du Nord-Mexique (pt. 1)." REVISTA TRACE, no. 30 (March 14, 2019): 9–16. https://doi.org/10.22134/trace.30.1996.700.

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Alors que l'ensemble du territoire mexicain appartient au domaine tropical, caractérisé par l’alternance d’une saison des pluies correspondant aux mois les plus chauds et d’une saison sèche, ou relativement sèche, marquée par les mois les plus froids, la majeure partie de la moitié septentrionale, plus précisément 60% du pays, correspond à des zones arides ou semi-arides, qui reçoivent, en moyenne, moins de 500 mm de pluie par an. Cette vaste région, située entre le tropique du Cancer et le 32⁰ de latitude nord, est constituée d’un ensemble de hauts plateaux, dont l’altitude varie de 1 000 a 1

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Nouvelot, Jean-François, and Luc Descroix. "Aridité et sécheresses du Nord-Mexique (pt. 2)." REVISTA TRACE, no. 30 (March 14, 2019): 17–25. https://doi.org/10.22134/trace.30.1996.701.

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Alors que l'ensemble du territoire mexicain appartient au domaine tropical, caractérisé par l’alternance d’une saison des pluies correspondant aux mois les plus chauds et d’une saison sèche, ou relativement sèche, marquée par les mois les plus froids, la majeure partie de la moitié septentrionale, plus précisément 60% du pays, correspond à des zones arides ou semi-arides, qui reçoivent, en moyenne, moins de 500 mm de pluie par an. Cette vaste région, située entre le tropique du Cancer et le 32⁰ de latitude nord, est constituée d’un ensemble de hauts plateaux, dont l’altitude varie de 1 000 a 1

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7

McGuirk, James P., Aylmer H. Thompson, and James R. Schaefer. "An Eastern Pacific Tropical Plume." Monthly Weather Review 116, no. 12 (1988): 2505–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/1520-0493(1988)116<2505:aeptp>2.0.co;2.

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8

Ffield, Amy. "Amazon and Orinoco River Plumes and NBC Rings: Bystanders or Participants in Hurricane Events?" Journal of Climate 20, no. 2 (2007): 316–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli3985.1.

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Abstract The Amazon and Orinoco River plumes and North Brazil Current (NBC) rings are investigated during the 1 June through 30 November Atlantic hurricane season to identify their impact on upper-ocean temperatures in the region and to draw attention to their potential role in hurricane maintenance and intensification. The analysis uses ocean temperature and salinity stratification data, infrared and microwave satellite-derived sea surface temperature (SST) data, and Atlantic tropical storm and hurricane tracks data. The Amazon–Orinoco River plume spreads into the western equatorial Atlantic

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9

Mandret, Gilles, A. Ourry, and Guy Roberge. "Effet des facteurs température et nutrition azotée sur la croissance des plantes fourragères tropicales. I. Variation saisonnière de la croissance d'une graminée tropicale, Brachiaria mutica, au Sénégal." Revue d’élevage et de médecine vétérinaire des pays tropicaux 43, no. 1 (1990): 119–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.19182/remvt.8879.

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La croissance en climat sahélien subcanarien d'une graminée tropicale, Brachiaria mutica, a été étudiée pendant la saison sèche froide (novembre-m a rs), la saison sèche chaude (mars-mi-juillet) et la saison des pluies (mi-juillet-octobre). L'essentiel des résultats montre que cette graminée a une faible productivité en saison sèche froide, du fait de températures minimales très basses, contrairement à celles obtenues en saisons des pluies. Par ailleurs, il semble qu'il y ait une déplacement du facteur limitant (températures minimales basses) vers un effet azoté qui témoigne de la faible dispo

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10

Bamory, Kamagaté, Séguis Luc, Goné Droh Lanciné, Favreau Guillaume, and Koffi Kouadio. "Processus hydrogéochimiques et séparation d’hydrogrammes de crue sur un bassin versant en milieu soudano-tropical de socle au Bénin (Donga, haute vallée de l’Ouémé)." Revue des sciences de l'eau 21, no. 3 (2008): 363–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/018782ar.

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Résumé Le projet international et pluridisciplinaire AMMA (Analyse Multidisciplinaire de la Mousson Africaine) a été initié en vue de mieux comprendre les variabilités climatiques de l’Afrique de l’Ouest et leur impact hydrologique. La haute vallée de l’Ouémé au Bénin (10 000 km2) a été retenue et instrumentée (pluie, débit et nappe) depuis 1997. Le sous-bassin de la Donga (586 km2), cadre d’observations intensives depuis 2003, permet de préciser les processus majeurs et quantifier les termes du bilan hydrologique. Le travail vise à déterminer le fonctionnement hydrogéochimique du bassin de la

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Zender, C. S., A. G. Krolewski, M. G. Tosca, and J. T. Randerson. "Tropical biomass burning smoke plume size, shape, reflectance, and age based on 2001–2009 MISR imagery of Borneo." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 12, no. 7 (2012): 3437–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-12-3437-2012.

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Abstract. Land clearing for crops, plantations and grazing results in anthropogenic burning of tropical forests and peatlands in Indonesia, where images of fire-generated aerosol plumes have been captured by the Multi-angle Imaging SpectroRadiometer (MISR) since 2001. Here we analyze the size, shape, optical properties, and age of distinct fire-generated plumes in Borneo from 2001–2009. The local MISR overpass at 10:30 a.m. misses the afternoon peak of Borneo fire emissions, and may preferentially sample longer plumes from persistent fires burning overnight. Typically the smoke flows with the

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12

Bègue, Nelson, Hassan Bencherif, Fabrice Jégou, et al. "Transport and Variability of Tropospheric Ozone over Oceania and Southern Pacific during the 2019–20 Australian Bushfires." Remote Sensing 13, no. 16 (2021): 3092. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13163092.

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The present study contributes to the scientific effort for a better understanding of the potential of the Australian biomass burning events to influence tropospheric trace gas abundances at the regional scale. In order to exclude the influence of the long-range transport of ozone precursors from biomass burning plumes originating from Southern America and Africa, the analysis of the Australian smoke plume has been driven over the period December 2019 to January 2020. This study uses satellite (IASI, MLS, MODIS, CALIOP) and ground-based (sun-photometer, FTIR, ozone radiosondes) observations. Th

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13

Ahmed, Fiaz, and J. David Neelin. "Reverse Engineering the Tropical Precipitation–Buoyancy Relationship." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 75, no. 5 (2018): 1587–608. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jas-d-17-0333.1.

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The tropical precipitation–moisture relationship, characterized by rapid increases in precipitation for modest increases in moisture, is conceptually recast in a framework relevant to plume buoyancy and conditional instability in the tropics. The working hypothesis in this framework links the rapid onset of precipitation to integrated buoyancy in the lower troposphere. An analytical expression that relates the buoyancy of an entraining plume to the vertical thermodynamic structure is derived. The natural variables in this framework are saturation and subsaturation equivalent potential temperat

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Zender, C. S., A. G. Krolewski, M. G. Tosca, and J. T. Randerson. "Tropical biomass burning smoke plume size, shape, reflectance, and age based on 2001–2009 MISR imagery of Borneo." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 11, no. 11 (2011): 30989–1030. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-11-30989-2011.

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Abstract. Land clearing for crops and plantations and grazing results in anthropogenic burning of tropical forests and peatlands in Indonesia, where images of fire-generated aerosol plumes have been captured by the Multi-angle Imaging SpectroRadiometer (MISR) since 2001. Our modeling studies show this smoke increases atmospheric heating, and reduces regional SST and dry-season precipitation, causing a potential feedback that increases drought-stress and air quality problems during El Niño years. Here we analyze the size, shape, optical properties, and age of fire-generated plumes in Borneo fro

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15

Montoya, Joseph P., Jason P. Landrum, and Sarah C. Weber. "Amazon River influence on nitrogen fixation in the western tropical North Atlantic." Journal of Marine Research 77, no. 2 (2019): 191–213. http://dx.doi.org/10.1357/002224019828474278.

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We measured rates of N- and C-fixation with a direct tracer method in regions of the western tropical North Atlantic influenced by the Amazon River plume during the high flow period of 2010 (May–June 2010). We found distinct regional variations in N-fixation activity, with the lowest rates in the plume proper and the highest rates in the plume margins and in offshore waters. A comparison of our N- and C-fixation measurements showed that the relative contribution of N-fixation to total primary production increased from the plume core toward oceanic waters, and that most of the C-fixation in thi

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Wu, Xue, Sabine Griessbach, and Lars Hoffmann. "Equatorward dispersion of a high-latitude volcanic plume and its relation to the Asian summer monsoon: a case study of the Sarychev eruption in 2009." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 17, no. 21 (2017): 13439–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-13439-2017.

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Abstract. Tropical volcanic eruptions have been widely studied for their significant contribution to stratospheric aerosol loading and global climate impacts, but the impact of high-latitude volcanic eruptions on the stratospheric aerosol layer is not clear and the pathway of transporting aerosol from high latitudes to the tropical stratosphere is not well understood. In this work, we focus on the high-latitude volcano Sarychev (48.1° N, 153.2° E), which erupted in June 2009, and the influence of the Asian summer monsoon (ASM) on the equatorward dispersion of the volcanic plume. First, the sul

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Morozov, Eugene G., Dmitry I. Frey, Pavel A. Salyuk, and Maxim V. Budyansky. "Amazon River Plume in the Western Tropical North Atlantic." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 12, no. 6 (2024): 851. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse12060851.

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Measurements of temperature, salinity, and currents in the Amazon River plume over a section in the open ocean of the western tropical North Atlantic (38°48′ W) are considered. The measurements were carried out using an AML Base X CTD probe in the upper layer and a flow-through system that measures salinity, turbidity, and chlorophyll-a content in seawater while a vessel is on the way. The measurements were supplemented by velocity profiling using shipborne SADCP. Additionally, archived oceanographic data from the World Ocean Database (WOD18), data on satellite altimetry measurements (AVISO),

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Landry, Bernard, and Cees Gielis. "On the Pterophoridae (Lepidoptera) of Colombia." Tropical Lepidoptera Research 32, no. 2 (2022): 100–108. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7246187.

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Wu, Xue, Sabine Griessbach, and Lars Hoffmann. "Long-range transport of volcanic aerosol from the 2010 Merapi tropical eruption to Antarctica." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 18, no. 21 (2018): 15859–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-15859-2018.

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Abstract. Volcanic sulfate aerosol is an important source of sulfur for Antarctica, where other local sources of sulfur are rare. Midlatitude and high-latitude volcanic eruptions can directly influence the aerosol budget of the polar stratosphere. However, tropical eruptions can also enhance polar aerosol load following long-range transport. In the present work, we analyze the volcanic plume of a tropical eruption, Mount Merapi in 2010, and investigate the transport pathway of the volcanic aerosol from the tropical tropopause layer (TTL) to the lower stratosphere over Antarctica. We use the La

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20

Gonzalez-Alonso, Laura, Maria Val Martin, and Ralph A. Kahn. "Biomass-burning smoke heights over the Amazon observed from space." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 19, no. 3 (2019): 1685–702. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-1685-2019.

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Abstract. We characterise the vertical distribution of biomass-burning emissions across the Amazon during the biomass-burning season (July–November) with an extensive climatology of smoke plumes derived from MISR and MODIS (2005–2012) and CALIOP (2006–2012) observations. Smoke plume heights exhibit substantial variability, spanning a few hundred metres up to 6 km above the terrain. However, the majority of the smoke is located at altitudes below 2.5 km. About 60 % of smoke plumes are observed in drought years, 40 %–50 % at the peak month of the burning season (September) and 94 % over tropical

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Knippertz, Peter. "Tropical–Extratropical Interactions Associated with an Atlantic Tropical Plume and Subtropical Jet Streak." Monthly Weather Review 133, no. 9 (2005): 2759–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/mwr2999.1.

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Abstract Tropical plumes (TPs) are elongated bands of upper- and midlevel clouds stretching from the Tropics poleward and eastward into the subtropics, typically accompanied by a subtropical jet (STJ) streak and a trough on their poleward side. This study uses ECMWF analyses and high-resolution University of Wisconsin–Nonhydrostatic Modeling System trajectories to analyze the multiscale complex tropical–extratropical interactions involved in the genesis of a pronounced TP and STJ over the NH Atlantic Ocean in late March 2002 that was associated with extreme precipitation in arid northwest Afri

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Schiro, Kathleen A., J. David Neelin, David K. Adams, and Benjamin R. Lintner. "Deep Convection and Column Water Vapor over Tropical Land versus Tropical Ocean: A Comparison between the Amazon and the Tropical Western Pacific." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 73, no. 10 (2016): 4043–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jas-d-16-0119.1.

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Abstract The relationships between the onset of tropical deep convection, column water vapor (CWV), and other measures of conditional instability are analyzed with 2 yr of data from the DOE Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) Mobile Facility in Manacapuru, Brazil, as part of the Green Ocean Amazon (GOAmazon) campaign, and with 3.5 yr of CWV derived from global positioning system meteorology at a nearby site in Manaus, Brazil. Important features seen previously in observations over tropical oceans—precipitation conditionally averaged by CWV exhibiting a sharp pickup at high CWV, and the ove

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Chu, Wenchao, Yanluan Lin, and Ming Zhao. "Implementation and Evaluation of a Double-Plume Convective Parameterization in NCAR CAM5." Journal of Climate 35, no. 2 (2022): 617–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-21-0267.1.

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Abstract Performance of global climate models (GCMs) is strongly affected by the cumulus parameterization (CP) used. Similar to the approach in GFDL AM4, a double-plume CP, which unifies the deep and shallow convection in one framework, is implemented and tested in the NCAR Community Atmospheric Model version 5 (CAM5). Based on the University of Washington (UW) shallow convection scheme, an additional plume was added to represent the deep convection. The shallow and deep plumes share the same cloud model, but use different triggers, fractional mixing rates, and closures. The scheme was tested

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Zhou, Wenyu, and Shang-Ping Xie. "A Conceptual Spectral Plume Model for Understanding Tropical Temperature Profile and Convective Updraft Velocities." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 76, no. 9 (2019): 2801–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jas-d-18-0330.1.

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Abstract The tropical tropospheric temperature is close to but typically cooler than that of the moist adiabat. The negative temperature deviation from the moist adiabat manifests a C-shape profile and is projected to increase and stretch upward under warming in both comprehensive climate models and idealized radiative–convective equilibrium (RCE) simulations. The increased temperature deviation corresponds to a larger convective available potential energy (CAPE) under warming. The extreme convective updraft velocity in RCE increases correspondingly but at a smaller fractional rate than that o

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Rudzin, Johna E., Lynn K. Shay, and Benjamin Jaimes de la Cruz. "The Impact of the Amazon–Orinoco River Plume on Enthalpy Flux and Air–Sea Interaction within Caribbean Sea Tropical Cyclones." Monthly Weather Review 147, no. 3 (2019): 931–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/mwr-d-18-0295.1.

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Abstract The influence of the Amazon–Orinoco River plume in the Caribbean Sea on latent and sensible heat flux (enthalpy flux) and tropical cyclone (TC) intensity is investigated for Hurricanes Ivan (2004), Emily (2005), Dean (2007), and Felix (2007) using dropwindsonde data, satellite sea surface temperature (SST), and the SMARTS climatology. Relationships among enthalpy fluxes, ocean heat content relative to the 26°C isotherm depth (OHC), and SST during storm passage are diagnosed. Results indicate that sea surface cooling in the river plume, a low-OHC region, is comparable to that in the wa

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Stanichny, Sergey V., Elena A. Kubryakova, and Arseny A. Kubryakov. "Quasi-tropical cyclone caused anomalous autumn coccolithophore bloom in the Black Sea." Biogeosciences 18, no. 10 (2021): 3173–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-3173-2021.

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Abstract. A quasi-tropical cyclone (QTC) observed over the Black Sea on 25–29 September 2005 caused an exceptionally strong anomalous autumn coccolithophore bloom that lasted for more than 1.5 months. The QTC induced intense upwelling, causing a decrease in sea surface temperature of 15 ∘C and an acceleration of the cyclonic Rim Current up to extreme values of 0.75 m s−1. The Rim Current transported nutrient-rich Danube plume waters from the northwestern shelf to the zone of the cyclone action. Baroclinic instabilities of the plume boundary caused intense submesoscale processes, accompanied by

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Yokelson, R. J., T. Karl, P. Artaxo, et al. "The Tropical Forest and fire emissions experiment: overview and airborne fire emission factor measurements." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 7, no. 3 (2007): 6903–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-7-6903-2007.

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Abstract. The Tropical Forest and Fire Emissions Experiment (TROFFEE) used laboratory measurements followed by airborne and ground based field campaigns during the 2004 Amazon dry season to quantify the emissions from pristine tropical forest and several plantations as well as the emissions, fuel consumption, and fire ecology of tropical deforestation fires. The airborne campaign used an Embraer 110B aircraft outfitted with whole air sampling in canisters, mass-calibrated nephelometry, ozone by uv absorbance, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and proton-transfer mass spectrometry

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Yokelson, R. J., T. Karl, P. Artaxo, et al. "The Tropical Forest and Fire Emissions Experiment: overview and airborne fire emission factor measurements." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 7, no. 19 (2007): 5175–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-7-5175-2007.

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Abstract. The Tropical Forest and Fire Emissions Experiment (TROFFEE) used laboratory measurements followed by airborne and ground based field campaigns during the 2004 Amazon dry season to quantify the emissions from pristine tropical forest and several plantations as well as the emissions, fuel consumption, and fire ecology of tropical deforestation fires. The airborne campaign used an Embraer 110B aircraft outfitted with whole air sampling in canisters, mass-calibrated nephelometry, ozone by UV absorbance, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and proton-transfer mass spectrometry

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Varona, H. L., D. Veleda, M. Silva, M. Cintra, and M. Araujo. "Amazon River plume influence on Western Tropical Atlantic dynamic variability." Dynamics of Atmospheres and Oceans 85 (March 2019): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dynatmoce.2018.10.002.

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Cheng, Peng, Ming Li, and Yun Li. "Generation of an estuarine sediment plume by a tropical storm." Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans 118, no. 2 (2013): 856–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jgrc.20070.

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Y GOYA, SAMARA CAZZOLI, MOYSÉS GONSALEZ TESSLER, and MARCELO RODRIGUES. "Caracterização do Transporte Sedimentar Litorâneo junto à foz do Rio Itanhaém sob ação do Anticiclone Tropical Continental e dos Ciclones Extra-Tropicais." Pesquisas em Geociências 28, no. 2 (2001): 141. http://dx.doi.org/10.22456/1807-9806.20280.

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The study of the shore and beach environment is one of the most investigated issues in the last decades on the Brazilian coast. This kind of research involves scientists from several areas due to the large amount of variables interfering into this kind of environment. Meteorological studies, for instance are essential to the comprehension of beach evolution. The foreshore is the less known compartment among the existent beach compartment in such terms of complexity and difficulty that involves this kind of study. This work had as objective the monitoring of the foreshore under the influence of

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Zhou, Hongquan, and Xiaohui Liu. "Enhanced Transport Induced by Tropical Cyclone and River Discharge in Hangzhou Bay." Water 17, no. 2 (2025): 164. https://doi.org/10.3390/w17020164.

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Sediment transport in Hangzhou Bay and the adjacent Changjiang Estuary is extremely complex due to the bathymetry and hydrodynamic conditions in this region. Using the particle tracing method based on the ROMS model, three-dimensional (3D) passive particle transport in Hangzhou Bay and the Changjiang Estuary was simulated. Ocean temperature, salinity, and circulation patterns before and during Severe Tropical Storm Ampil (2018) were reproduced by the model. The circulation in Hangzhou Bay is significantly influenced by the passing of the storm with an enhanced southeastward surface current. Th

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McFarlane, Sally A., Charles N. Long, and Donna M. Flynn. "Impact of Island-Induced Clouds on Surface Measurements: Analysis of the ARM Nauru Island Effect Study Data." Journal of Applied Meteorology 44, no. 7 (2005): 1045–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jam2241.1.

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Abstract An Atmospheric Radiation and Cloud Station (ARCS) was established on the island of Nauru by the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) Program. Analysis of the Nauru99 field experiment data indicated that measurements at the ARCS were affected by a cloud plume that was induced by diurnal heating of the island. During the Nauru Island Effects Study, instrumentation was installed at a second site to develop criteria for identifying when the cloud plume occurs and to quantify its effect on ARCS measurements. The plume directional heading and frequency of occurrence are affected by the l

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Pohl, K., M. Cantwell, P. Herckes, and R. Lohmann. "Black carbon concentrations and sources in the marine boundary layer of the tropical Atlantic Ocean using four methodologies." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 14, no. 14 (2014): 7431–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-7431-2014.

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Abstract. Combustion-derived aerosols in the marine boundary layer have been poorly studied, especially in remote environments such as the open Atlantic Ocean. The tropical Atlantic has the potential to contain a high concentration of aerosols, such as black carbon, due to the African emission plume of biomass and agricultural burning products. Atmospheric particulate matter samples across the tropical Atlantic boundary layer were collected in the summer of 2010 during the southern hemispheric dry season when open fire events were frequent in Africa and South America. The highest black carbon

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Ustjuzhanin, Peter, Vasily N. Kovtunovich, Sylvain Delabye, et al. "Plume moths (Lepidoptera, Pterophoridae) of a recently discovered lepidopteran diversity hotspot in the Mount Cameroon area, with descriptions of four new species." ZooKeys 1231 (March 11, 2025): 145–68. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1231.139530.

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Moth diversity on Mount Cameroon, a critical biodiversity hotspot in the Afrotropics, remains understudied despite the region's rich and unique ecosystems. In this study, 34 species of plume moths (Pterophoridae) were recorded from the Mount Cameroon region, including four species new to science: <i>Titanoptilus bigoti</i> Ustjuzhanin & Kovtunovich, sp. nov., <i>Titanoptilus murkwe</i> Ustjuzhanin & Kovtunovich, sp. nov., <i>Hellinsia ekonjo</i> Ustjuzhanin & Kovtunovich, sp. nov., and <i>Hellinsia mapanja</i> Ustjuzhanin & Kovtunovich, sp. nov. Images of the adult type specime

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Mecikalski, John R., and Gregory J. Tripoli. "Inertial Available Kinetic Energy and the Dynamics of Tropical Plume Formation." Monthly Weather Review 126, no. 8 (1998): 2200–2216. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/1520-0493(1998)126<2200:iakeat>2.0.co;2.

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de Santana, Claudeilton Severino, Simone Maria de Albuquerque Lira, Humberto L. Varona, Sigrid Neumann-Leitão, Moacyr Araujo, and Ralf Schwamborn. "Amazon river plume influence on planktonic decapods in the tropical Atlantic." Journal of Marine Systems 212 (December 2020): 103428. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmarsys.2020.103428.

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Liao, Xiaomei, Yan Du, Tianyu Wang, et al. "High-Frequency Variations in Pearl River Plume Observed by Soil Moisture Active Passive Sea Surface Salinity." Remote Sensing 12, no. 3 (2020): 563. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs12030563.

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River plumes play an important role in the cross-margin transport of phytoplankton and nutrients, which have profound impacts on coastal ecosystems. Using recently available Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) sea surface salinity (SSS) data and high-resolution ocean color products, this study investigated summertime high-frequency variations in the Pearl River plume of China and its biological response. The SMAP SSS captures the intraseasonal oscillations in the offshore transport of the Pearl River plume well, which has distinct 30–60 day variations from mid-May to late September. The offsho

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Nara, Hideki, Hiroshi Tanimoto, Yukihiro Nojiri, et al. "CO emissions from biomass burning in South-east Asia in the 2006 El Niño year: shipboard and AIRS satellite observations." Environmental Chemistry 8, no. 2 (2011): 213. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/en10113.

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Environmental contextAtmospheric carbon monoxide greatly affects the abundance of environmentally important gases, including methane, hydrochlorofluorocarbons and tropospheric ozone. We present evidence for episodes of CO pollution over the tropical Pacific Ocean resulting from intensive biomass burning in South-east Asia and Northern Australia during the 2006 El Niño year. We discuss the locations of the CO emissions and their long-range transport. AbstractBiomass burning is often associated with climate oscillations. For example, biomass burning in South-east Asia is strongly linked to El Ni

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Moura, Rodrigo L., Gilberto M. Amado-Filho, Fernando C. Moraes, et al. "An extensive reef system at the Amazon River mouth." Science Advances 2, no. 4 (2016): e1501252. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.1501252.

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Large rivers create major gaps in reef distribution along tropical shelves. The Amazon River represents 20% of the global riverine discharge to the ocean, generating up to a 1.3 × 106–km2plume, and extensive muddy bottoms in the equatorial margin of South America. As a result, a wide area of the tropical North Atlantic is heavily affected in terms of salinity, pH, light penetration, and sedimentation. Such unfavorable conditions were thought to imprint a major gap in Western Atlantic reefs. We present an extensive carbonate system off the Amazon mouth, underneath the river plume. Significant c

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Holloway, Christopher E., and J. David Neelin. "Moisture Vertical Structure, Column Water Vapor, and Tropical Deep Convection." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 66, no. 6 (2009): 1665–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2008jas2806.1.

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Abstract The vertical structure of the relationship between water vapor and precipitation is analyzed in 5 yr of radiosonde and precipitation gauge data from the Nauru Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) site. The first vertical principal component of specific humidity is very highly correlated with column water vapor (CWV) and has a maximum of both total and fractional variance captured in the lower free troposphere (around 800 hPa). Moisture profiles conditionally averaged on precipitation show a strong association between rainfall and moisture variability in the free troposphere and lit

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Martin, S. T., P. Artaxo, L. Machado, et al. "The Green Ocean Amazon Experiment (GoAmazon2014/5) Observes Pollution Affecting Gases, Aerosols, Clouds, and Rainfall over the Rain Forest." Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 98, no. 5 (2017): 981–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/bams-d-15-00221.1.

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Abstract The Observations and Modeling of the Green Ocean Amazon 2014–2015 (GoAmazon2014/5) experiment took place around the urban region of Manaus in central Amazonia across 2 years. The urban pollution plume was used to study the susceptibility of gases, aerosols, clouds, and rainfall to human activities in a tropical environment. Many aspects of air quality, weather, terrestrial ecosystems, and climate work differently in the tropics than in the more thoroughly studied temperate regions of Earth. GoAmazon2014/5, a cooperative project of Brazil, Germany, and the United States, employed an un

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Nugent, Alison D., Ronald B. Smith, and Justin R. Minder. "Wind Speed Control of Tropical Orographic Convection." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 71, no. 7 (2014): 2695–712. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jas-d-13-0399.1.

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Abstract This study compares observations from the Dominica Experiment (DOMEX) field campaign with 3D and 2D Weather Research and Forecasting Model (WRF) simulations to understand how ambient upstream wind speed controls the transition from thermally to mechanically forced moist orographic convection. The environment is a conditionally unstable, tropical atmosphere with shallow trade wind cumulus clouds. Three flow indices are defined to quantify the convective transition: horizontal divergence aloft, cloud location, and island surface temperature. As wind speed increases, horizontal airflow d

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Matthews, Stuart, Jörg M. Hacker, Jason Cole, Jeffrey Hare, Charles N. Long, and R. Michael Reynolds. "Modification of the Atmospheric Boundary Layer by a Small Island: Observations from Nauru." Monthly Weather Review 135, no. 3 (2007): 891–905. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/mwr3319.1.

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Abstract Nauru, a small island in the tropical Pacific, generates cloud plumes that may grow to over 100-km lengths. This study uses observations to examine the mesoscale disturbance of the marine atmospheric boundary layer by the island that produces these cloud plumes. Observations of the surface layer were made from two ships in the vicinity of Nauru and from instruments on the island. The structure of the atmospheric boundary layer over the island was investigated using aircraft flights. Cloud production over Nauru was examined using remote sensing instruments. The diurnal cycles of surfac

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Tarya, A., M. van der Vegt, and A. J. F. Hoitink. "Wind forcing controls on river plume spreading on a tropical continental shelf." Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans 120, no. 1 (2015): 16–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2014jc010456.

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Yeager, Daniel E., and Vernon R. Morris. "Distinguishing Saharan Dust Plume Sources in the Tropical Atlantic Using Elemental Indicators." Atmosphere 15, no. 5 (2024): 554. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos15050554.

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The Sahara Desert is the largest contributor of global atmospheric dust aerosols impacting regional climate, health, and ecosystems. The climate effects of these dust aerosols remain uncertain due, in part, to climate model uncertainty of Saharan source region contributions and aerosol microphysical properties. This study distinguishes source region elemental signatures of Saharan dust aerosols sampled during the 2015 Aerosols Ocean Sciences Expedition (AEROSE) in the tropical Atlantic. During the 4-week campaign, cascade impactors size-dependently collected airborne Saharan dust particulate u

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Darbyshire, Eoghan, William T. Morgan, James D. Allan, et al. "The vertical distribution of biomass burning pollution over tropical South America from aircraft in situ measurements during SAMBBA." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 19, no. 9 (2019): 5771–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-5771-2019.

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Abstract. We examine processes driving the vertical distribution of biomass burning pollution following an integrated analysis of over 200 pollutant and meteorological profiles measured in situ during the South AMerican Biomass Burning Analysis (SAMBBA) field experiment. This study will aid future work examining the impact of biomass burning on weather, climate and air quality. During the dry season there were significant contrasts in the composition and vertical distribution of haze between western and eastern regions of tropical South America. Owing to an active or residual convective mixing

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Salerno, G. G., C. Oppenheimer, V. I. Tsanev, A. J. Sutton, T. J. Roberts, and T. Elias. "Enhancement of the volcanogenic "bromine explosion" via reactive nitrogen chemistry (Kīlauea volcano, Hawai'i)." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 10, no. 4 (2010): 10313–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-10-10313-2010.

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Abstract. Since the first detection of bromine monoxide in volcanic plumes attention has focused on the atmospheric synthesis and impact of volcanogenic reactive halogens. We report here new measurements of BrO in the volcanic plume emitted from Kīlauea volcano – the first time reactive halogens have been observed in emissions from a hotspot volcano. Observations were carried out by ground-based Differential Optical Absorption Spectroscopy in 2007 and 2008 at Pu'u'O'o crater, and at the 2008 magmatic vent that opened within Halema'uma'u crater. BrO was readily detected in the Halema'uma'u plum

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Federico, S., and C. Bellecci. "The 11−12 December 2003 storm in Southern Italy." Advances in Geosciences 7 (January 23, 2006): 37–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/adgeo-7-37-2006.

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Abstract. We review an intense and heavy impact storm that occurred over Calabria, southern Italy, during the 11 and 12 December 2003. The event is traced back, at synoptic and planetary scales, up to 5 December 2003 by National Centre for Environmental Prediction/National Centre for Atmospheric Research (NCEP/NCAR) reanalysis fields and backtrajectories. The role of tropical storm Odette is clearly shown as well as that of the Azores high. Even if non negligible water vapour sources are expected from the Mediterranean sea, unusually large precipitable water was present over the Atlantic mid-l

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Chen, Yixiang, Shiquan Lin, Chunsheng Wang, Juan Yang, and Dong Sun. "Response of size and trophic structure of zooplankton community to marine environmental conditions in the northern South China Sea in winter." Journal of Plankton Research 42, no. 3 (2020): 378–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/plankt/fbaa022.

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Abstract The South China Sea (SCS) is a semi-enclosed marginal sea. And in the northern SCS (NSCS), the Pearl River plume, mesoscale eddies and Kuroshio intrusion may influence the structure of pelagic ecosystems. Here, based on mesozooplankton samples collected in the NSCS from December 2014 to January 2015, spatial variations of mesozooplankton biomass, abundance, normalized biomass size spectra (NBSS), size structure and trophic structure were analyzed to study the response of mesozooplankton community to the influence of highly variable oceanographic environment. High biomass, abundance an

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