Academic literature on the topic 'Plumb. eng'
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Journal articles on the topic "Plumb. eng"
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Callahan, Ann M., Chris Dardick, and Ralph Scorza. "Characterization of ‘Stoneless’: A Naturally Occurring, Partially Stoneless Plum Cultivar." Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 134, no. 1 (2009): 120–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.134.1.120.
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The plum (Prunus domestica) cultivar Stoneless was characterized to determine if the lack of stone was the result of reduced endocarp development or a decrease in lignification. Fruit were sampled at several times from 37 days before stone hardening (DBH) until the stone was too hard to cut with a knife and were compared with plum fruit that had normal stones. At all sampling times there was less endocarp tissue and reduced lignin staining in the ‘Stoneless’ plum fruit. The tissue that did stain appeared to be small endocarp remnants present in the ‘Stoneless’ plum, and was concentrated at the suture side and at the blossom end as well as the stem end. The lignin stain was detected in these regions beginning at 19 DBH, while the normal plums had a progression of staining beginning at the blossom end, suture side at 23 DBH and radiating up to the stem end and throughout the presumptive stone tissue at 8 DBH. Comparison of dry weight for dissected tissues agreed with the specific lack of endocarp tissue in the ‘Stoneless’ plum. Gene activity for the lignin pathway was analyzed using four known genes required for lignification. All four genes showed endocarp-specific expression in ‘Stoneless’ similar to that observed for the control. These results support the idea that the phenotype of ‘Stoneless’ plum fruit is due to a decrease in endocarp formation rather than a decrease in endocarp lignification.
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Knoche, Moritz, Eckhard Grimm, Andreas Winkler, Merianne Alkio, and Jürgen Lorenz. "Characterizing Neck Shrivel in European Plum." Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 144, no. 1 (2019): 38–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs04561-18.
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Neck shrivel is a physiological disorder of european plum (Prunus ×domestica L.) fruit, characterized by a shriveled pedicel end and a turgescent stylar end. Affected fruit are perceived as of poor quality. Little is known of the mechanistic basis of neck shrivel, but microcracking of the cuticle has been implicated. The objective of our study was to quantify transpiration through the skin surfaces of european plums with and without symptoms of neck shrivel. Cumulative transpiration increased linearly with time and was greater in the susceptible european plum cultivar Hauszwetsche Wolff with neck shrivel, compared with fruit of the same cultivar but without neck shrivel and compared with fruit of the nonsusceptible unnamed clone P5-112. Cumulative transpiration of epidermal skin segments (ES) excised from symptomatic ‘Hauszwetsche Wolff’ from near the pedicel end exceeded that from ES excised from near the stylar end. The permeance of ES from near the pedicel end of ‘Hauszwetsche Wolff’ with neck shrivel (12.4 ± 2.6 × 10−4 m·s−1) exceeded that of ES from near the stylar end (2.9 ± 0.4 × 10−4 m·s−1) 4.3-fold. However, in the clone P5-112, the same difference was only 1.6-fold (1.3 ± 0.8 × 10−4 m·s−1 vs. 0.8 ± 0.3 × 10−4 m·s−1). Microscopy revealed numerous microcracks near the pedicel end of symptomatic ‘Hauszwetsche Wolff’ fruit but markedly fewer microcracks near the stylar end. The microcracks near the pedicel end were oriented parallel to the pedicel/style axis, whereas those near the stylar end were randomly oriented. Juices extracted from near the pedicel end of susceptible cultivars had consistently more negative osmotic potentials [ψS (e.g., for Doppelte Hauszwetsche −5.1 ± 0.1 MPa)] than those from near the stylar end (e.g., for Doppelte Hauszwetsche −4.0 ± 0.1 MPa) or that from fruit without symptoms of neck shrivel (e.g., for pedicel end and stylar scar regions of Doppelte Hauszwetsche −3.8 ± 0.1 vs. −3.3 ± 0.1 MPa, respectively). Our results indicate that increased transpiration through microcracks near the pedicel end may contribute to neck shrivel but that the causes of neck shrivel are likely more complex.
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Guerra, M., M. A. Sanz, and P. A. Casquero. "Influence of Harvest Dates on Quality, Storage Capacity and Sensory Attributes of European Plum cv. Green Gage." Food Science and Technology International 15, no. 6 (2009): 527–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1082013209350537.
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The aim of this work was to determine storage capacity and changes in quality and consumer acceptance in plum harvested at different dates as well as to determine which instrumental parameters show good correlation with consumer acceptance and sensory properties. Both harvest date and storage time played a significant role in quality and sensory characteristics. Incidence of internal breakdown (IB) was significantly higher in fruit harvested last and increased significantly until the end of storage. Market life of ‘Green Gage’ plum varies from 20 days in fruit harvested on the last harvest date to 40 days in fruit harvested on earlier dates. When storage is needed, firmness, the best harvest index, should be higher than 42 N in order to extend market life and prevent IB damages in ‘Green Gage’ plums. However, fruit from early harvest dates has a lower consumer acceptance than fruit from late harvest dates (low TSS:TA). Thus, a minimum quality threshold based on TSS:TA (18.9) has been established over which consumer liking for European plums cv. Green Gage improves significantly. High linear regression between a* and TSS:TA would allow to use the a* color parameter as a nondestructive measurement to estimate consumer acceptance.
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Januszek, Magdalena, and Paweł Satora. "How Different Fermentation Type Affects Volatile Composition of Plum Jerkums." Applied Sciences 11, no. 10 (2021): 4658. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11104658.
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Quality of plum jerkum is significantly associated to the profile of volatile compounds. Therefore, we decided to assess the impact of various fermentation types on selected properties of plum jerkums, especially compounds which contribute to the aroma of the finished product. We used the following yeast strains: S. cerevisiae S1, H. uvarum H2, and Ethanol RED (S. cerevisiae). Moreover, we considered spontaneous fermentation. S. cerevisiae and H. uvarum strains were isolated during the fermentation of Čačanska Lepotica or Węgierka Dąbrowicka (plum cultivars), respectively. As for fermentation type, spontaneous fermentation of H. uvarum H2 provided the best results. It could be associated to the fact that plum juices fermented with H. uvarum H2 presented the highest concentration of terpenoids, esters, or some higher alcohols. In the current paper, application of indigenous strains of yeasts resulted in the required oenological characteristics, e.g., highest fermentation efficiency and concentration of ethanol was determined in juices fermented with Ethanol RED (S. cerevisiae) and also with S. cerevisiae S1. Our results suggested that indigenous strains of yeasts present in plums demonstrate great potential for the production of plum jerkums of high quality.
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Mao, Samuel S., and Xiaojun Zhang. "High-Throughput Multi-Plume Pulsed-Laser Deposition for Materials Exploration and Optimization." Engineering 1, no. 3 (2015): 367–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.15302/j-eng-2015065.
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Gunaydin, Sule, Hakan Karaca, Lluís Palou, Beatriz de la Fuente, and María B. Pérez-Gago. "Effect of Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose-Beeswax Composite Edible Coatings Formulated with or without Antifungal Agents on Physicochemical Properties of Plums during Cold Storage." Journal of Food Quality 2017 (2017): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/8573549.
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The influence of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose- (HPMC-) beeswax (BW) composite edible coatings formulated with or without food additives with antifungal properties on physicochemical and sensory properties of plums(Prunus salicina)cv. “Friar” stored for 11 and 22 d at 1°C followed by a shelf life period of 5 d at 20°C was evaluated. Food preservatives selected from previous research included potassium sorbate (PS), sodium methyl paraben (SMP), and sodium ethyl paraben (SEP). Emulsions had 7% of total solid content and were prepared with glycerol and stearic acid as plasticizer and emulsifier, respectively. All the coatings reduced plum weight and firmness loss and coated fruit showed higher titratable acidity, soluble solids content, and hue angle values at the end of the storage period. In addition, physiological disorders such as flesh browning and bleeding were reduced in coated samples compared to uncoated controls. Paraben-based coatings were the most effective in controlling weight loss and the SMP-based coating was the most effective in maintaining plum firmness. Respiration rate, sensory flavor, off-flavors, and fruit appearance were not adversely affected by the application of antifungal coatings. Overall, these results demonstrated the potential of selected edible coatings containing antifungal food additives to extend the postharvest life of plums, although further studies should focus on improving some properties of the coatings to enhance gas barrier properties and further increase storability.
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Liu, Weisheng, Dongcheng Liu, Aimin Zhang, et al. "Genetic Diversity and Phylogenetic Relationships among Plum Germplasm Resources in China Assessed with Inter-simple Sequence Repeat Markers." Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 132, no. 5 (2007): 619–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.132.5.619.
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Inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers were used to evaluate genetic similarity and interrelationship among 104 plum (Prunus L. spp.) and related accessions from the Chinese National Germplasm Repository for Plums and Apricots and the Tianshan Germplasm Repository for Wild Fruit Resources, including six plum species (Prunus salicina Lindl., Prunus simonii Carr., Prunus ussuriensis Kov. et Kost., Prunus domestica L., Prunus cerasifera Ehrh., and Prunus spinosa L.), two related species [apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.) and nanking cherry (Prunus tomentosa Thunb.)], eight putative hybrids between plum and apricot (plumcot), and six accessions of wild European plum (P. domestica). Out of the 42 ISSR primers, 12 were selected, which generated 103 markers in total, 99 of which were polymorphic. Possible accession-specific ISSR bands or patterns were also found. Some possible synonyms or homonyms were clarified or discussed, and closely related accessions such as bud mutants were discriminated. Based on the unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean (UPGMA) analysis and principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) using the Jaccard coefficient, two different dendrograms were constructed—one including accessions grouped by species and one with all 104 accessions—and a two-dimensional plot was obtained. Three groups were formed in both dendrograms and PCoA plot: Group I including apricot (‘Yinxiangbai’) and plumcot types; Group II containing Asia-originated diploid species [e.g., P. cerasifera, P. ussuriensis, P. tomentosa, and Chinese plum-types (i.e., P. salicina and its hybrids)]; and Group III involving European-origin polyploid species (e.g., P. spinosa and P. domestica) and recently found wild European plum accessions in China. The dendrogram with accessions grouped by species implied that 1) plumcot types had closer relatedness with apricot than with plum; 2) P. simonii should be a variant of P. salicina while P. ussuriensis an independent species; 3) P. domestica was more closely related to P. spinosa than to P. cerasifera. Two accessions of European plum (‘89-7-3’ and ‘Wanhei’) were clustered into outgroups in the dendrogram with all 104 accessions, which could been grouped within Group III in the PCoA plot. The distribution of both European plum and Chinese plum-types across respective groups did not reflect the geographic origins. The present study also further confirmed that the wild plants found in Xinjiang of China were P. domestica.
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Wolf, Jan, Ivo Ondrášek, and Tomáš Nečas. "Potential Use of Spring Budding Techniques in Production of Plum Nursery Trees." Proceedings of the Latvian Academy of Sciences. Section B. Natural, Exact, and Applied Sciences. 73, no. 3 (2019): 220–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/prolas-2019-0035.
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Abstract The main objective of this work was to verify the possibility of shortening the time needed to produce nursery trees of plums, in view of the economic profitability in nursery production. To achieve this goal, rootstocks Citation®, Ishtara®, Penta®, Torinel®, Pumiselekt and St. Julien (from Wädenswil) were chip budded in the springtime with ‘Shiro’, ‘Angeleno’®, ‘Black Amber’, SLE2014/1, ‘Fertility’ (Asian type plums) and ‘Stanley’ (European type plum) as a control. At the end of the vegetation period, height (from the grafting position), trunk diameter above the place of budding and the number of shoots was recorded for each tree. The Penta® rootstock was evaluated as the most efficient, while ‘Shiro’ variety was evaluated as the most suitable variety. The best variety/rootstock combination was the combination of ‘Shiro’ on Ishtara® rootstock, where 100% of the budded trees reached an average height of 33.0 ± 3.6 cm. The highest trees of an average of 68.3 ± 4.6 cm were recorded for the combination of SLE2014/1 on Torinel® root-stock.
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Aleksei, Grunin, Maksimova Ksenia, and Goikhman Aleksander. "The features of Ni2MnIn polycrystalline Heusler alloy thin films formation by pulsed laser deposition." Open Engineering 11, no. 1 (2020): 227–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/eng-2021-0019.
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AbstractThe Ni-Mn-In-based Heusler alloys belong to the most studied intermetallic compounds due to a variety of physical effects inherent to them, including the shape memory and magnetocaloric effect, field-induced structural phase transition, and others. All of these properties are strongly depend on element concentrations, uniformity, and purity of the structure. Therefore, rather strict requirements are imposed on the synthesis technology of such samples.We report the dependencies of Ni-Mn-In polycrystalline thin film composition on growth parameters. It was shown that the composition mismatch between sample and target caused by the resputtering of the sample material with high-energy particles of the ablation plume, and the different ablation yields of elements from the target. The main deposition parameters demonstrated (Ar growth pressure, laser energies, substrate temperature and annealing, target-to-sample distance) for the co-deposition process to obtain the Ni-Mn-In Heusler alloy polycrystalline thin films with the martensitic transition.
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Kuo, Ping-Hui, Ching-I. Lin, Yue-Hwa Chen, Wan-Chun Chiu, and Shyh-Hsiang Lin. "A high-cholesterol diet enriched with polyphenols from Oriental plums (Prunus salicina) improves cognitive function and lowers brain cholesterol levels and neurodegenerative-related protein expression in mice." British Journal of Nutrition 113, no. 10 (2015): 1550–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007114515000732.
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Ageing accompanied by a decline in cognitive performance may be a result of the long-term effects of oxidative stress on neurologic processes. It has been shown that high-cholesterol contents in the blood and brain may lead to the deposition of the β-amyloid (Aβ) protein in the brain, which damages brain cells. The present study was designed to observe the effect of polyphenol-rich Oriental plums on cognitive function and cerebral neurodegeneration-related protein expression in mice that were fed a high-cholesterol diet for 5 months. The study consisted of four groups: the control (Ctrl) group, which was fed the American Institute of Nutrition (AIN)-93M diet; the high cholesterol (HC) group, which was fed the AIN-93M diet with 5 % cholesterol; the high cholesterol+low Oriental plum (LOP) group, which was fed the AIN-93M diet with 5 % cholesterol and 2 % Oriental plum powder; and the high cholesterol+high Oriental plum (HOP) group, which was fed the AIN-93M diet with 5 % cholesterol and 5 % Oriental plum powder. Measurements of cognitive function were assessed using the Morris water maze, and the mRNA expression of cholesterol hydroxylase (Cyp46), Aβ and β-secretase 1 (BACE1) were analysed. The results showed that cholesterol concentrations in both the blood and the brain were significantly higher in the HC group than in the Ctrl and HOP groups at the end of the trial. The high-cholesterol diet per se produced significant cognitive deficits, which were accompanied by a significantly increased mRNA expression of Cyp46, BACE1, Aβ and 24-hydroxycholesterol in the brain cortex and hippocampus. However, all of these variables were non-significantly increased in the HOP group as compared to the Ctrl group. In conclusion, incorporating polyphenol-enriched Oriental plum into a high-cholesterol diet can ameliorate some of the symptoms of neurodegenerative conditions.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Plumb. eng"
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Cuin, Alexandre. "Síntese, estrutura e propriedades de complexos de molibdênio, prata e chumbo com ácido 'alfa'-hidroxicarboxílicos /." Araraquara : [s.n.], 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/105664.
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Orientador: Antonio Carlos Massabni<br>Banca: Wanda de Oliveira<br>Banca: Vânia Martins Nogueira<br>Banca: Luiz Antonio Andrade de Oliveira<br>Banca: Eduardo Joaquim de Souza Vichi<br>Resumo: O presente trabalho tem como objetivo o estudo de complexos obtidos a partir da interação de ácidos a-hidroxicarboxílicos ou de seus respectivos sais, com óxidos de molibdênio e de chumbo e com o nitrato de prata. Os ácidos a-hidroxicarboxílicos utilizados foram os ácidos glicólico (C2H4O3), málico (C4H6O5), tartárico (C4H6O6) e mandélico (C8H8O3). Foram sintetizados treze compostos, sendo seis com o íon Mo(VI), quatro com o íon Ag(I) e três com o íon Pb(II). Além destes compostos, foram repreparados três compostos, (NH4)2[MoO2(C2H2O3)2]H2O, (NH4)2[MoO2(C8H6O3)2] e (NH4)2[MoO3(C4H4O6)] H2O. A partir destes três complexos foram obtidos óxidos (MoO3) com áreas superficiais entre 1,0 e 3,0 m2/g. Cinco compostos da série M2[MoO2(C2H2O3)2]nH2O, onde M = Li+, Na+, K+, Rb+ e Cs+; C2H2O3 2- = glicolato2- e n = 1 ou u, foram preparados a partir da adição de MoO3(s) em solução do sal alcalino desejado do ácido glicólico na proporção molar metal:ligante 1:2. Os compostos no estado sólido foram separados da solução por filtração após concentração e adição de etanol absoluto. Os compostos foram caracterizados por análise elementar, espectroscopia IV e difratometria de raios X. Foi realizado um estudo complementar de espectroscopia de RMN de 1H e de 13C para os compostos K2[MoO2(C2H2O3)2]H2O, K2[MoO2(C8H6O3)2] e K2[MoO3(C4H4O6)]H2O. Os compostos da série M2[MoO2(C2H2O3)2]nH2O são fotossensíveis à radiação UV, sendo o complexo K2[MoO2(C2H2O3)2]H2O, o que apresenta maior fotossensibilidade. O composto Na2[MoO2(C4H4O5)2]uH2O foi obtido a partir de MoO3 e ácido málico utilizando-se a metodologia descrita para os compostos da série M2[MoO2(C2H2O3)2]nH2O. O complexo obtido foi caracterizado por análise elementar, espectroscopia IV e difração de raios X. Com AgNO3 foram obtidos os complexos glicolato, malato, tartarato e mandelato de prata... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)<br>Abstract: The aim of this work is study of solid complexes prepared by the reaction of a-hydroxycarboxilic acids or the respectives salts with molybdenum or lead oxides and silver nitrate. Glycolic (C2H4O3), malic (C4H6O5), tartaric (C4H6O6) and mandelic (C8H8O3) acids were the a-hydroxycarboxilic acids used in this work. Thirteen complexes were obtained: six complexes with Mo(VI), four complexes with Ag(I) and three complexes with Pb(II). The complexes (NH4)2[MoO2(C2H2O3)2]H2O, (NH4)2[MoO2(C8H6O3)2] and (NH4)2[MoO3(C4H4O6)] H2O were prepared again in order to measure specific area of the respective oxides after calcination. These three compounds led to the formation of MoO3 with superficial area ranging from 1.0 to 3.0 m2/g. The compounds of the series M2[MoO2(C2H2O3)2]nH2O, where M = Li+, Na+, K+, Rb+ and Cs+, C2H2O3 2- = glicolate2- and n = 1 or u, were synthesized in aqueous medium by the reaction of the respective salt of the glycolic acid with molybdenum trioxide. Molar ratio of 1:2 metal:ligand was used. The solution was concentrated until the formation of a viscous product. The solid complexes were obtained by addition of ethanol. The complexes were characterized by elemental analysis (C, H and O), thermal analysis (TG/DTA), infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffractometry (powder method). An additional study using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H and 13C) was performed with K2[MoO2(C2H2O3)2]H2O, K2[MoO2(C8H6O3)2] and K2[MoO3(C4H4O6)]H2O. These compounds showed to be photosensitive to the UV radiation. The complex K2[MoO2(C2H2O3)2]H2O was the most photosensitive. The complex Na2[MoO2(C4H4O5)2]uH2O was obtained from MoO3 with malic acid by the use of the same methodology of synthesis of the complexes of type M2[MoO2(C2H2O3)2]nH2O. This complex was characterized by elemental analysis, infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffractometry... (Complete abstract, click electronic address below)<br>Doutor
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Bortolin, José Ricardo Melges. "Monitoramento temporal da pluma de contaminação do aterro controlado de Rio Claro (SP) por meio do método da eletrorresistividade /." Rio Claro : [s.n.], 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/92750.
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Orientador: Walter Malagutti<br>Banca: César Augusto Moreira<br>Banca: José Domingos Faraco Gallas<br>Acompanha CD-ROM com os arquivos de sondagens elétricas verticais e imageamentos elétricos (arquivos IXR, DOC e DAT)<br>Resumo: Este trabalho contempla um monitoramento temporal da pluma de contaminação do aterro controlado de Rio Claro (SP), por meio do Método da Eletrorresistividade, comparando-se resultados de Imageamentos Elétricos, com arranjo Dipolo-Dipolo, executados nos anos de 1999 e 2008. A base desse método reside em que diferentes materiais, geológicos ou não, apresentam diferentes valores de resistividade elétrica, sendo essa um parâmetro intrínseco dos materiais, o qual se relaciona à dificuldade encontrada por uma corrente elétrica para se propagar em um meio. O chorume gerado em aterros acaba por diminuir a resistividade elétrica do meio natural circunvizinho, caracterizando a contaminação. Assim, zonas de baixa resistividade, com valores menores ou iguais a 50Ω.m, foram associadas à contaminação por chorume. A interpretação conjunta das seções de resistividade aparente permitiu identificar alterações das dimensões da pluma de contaminação no decorrer dos anos. Regida pelos fluxos principal e secundário, a pluma de contaminação avançou em direção aos limites oeste e sul do aterro. Complementarmente, Sondagens Elétricas Verticais permitiram verificar a profundidade do nível freático e o sentido do fluxo d'água, além da caracterização geoelétrica das litofácies sobre as quais está assentado o aterro: sedimentos predominantemente arenosos da Formação Rio Claro e sedimentos predominantemente siltosos da Formação Corumbataí.<br>Abstract: This work describes a temporal monitoring of the contamination plume from the controlled landfill of Rio Claro (SP), through the resistivity method, comparing the Electroresistivity Profiling's results, with Dipole-Dipole array, carried out in 1999 and 2008. The basis of this method lies in that different materials, geological or not, have different values of resistivity, and this is an intrinsic material parameter, which relates to the difficulty experienced by an electric current to propagate in a body. The leachates produced on the landfill diminish the electrical resistivity of the natural ambient, characterizing the contamination. Thus, zones of low resistivity, with values smaller or same a 50ohm.m, had been associates to the contamination for landfill wastewater. The joint interpretation of the sections of apparent resistivity allowed to identify alterations of the dimensions of the contamination plume in elapsing of the years. Governed by the main and secondary flows, the contamination plume advanced in direction to the limits west and soul of controlled landfill. Complementarily, Vertical Electrical Soundings had allowed to verify the depth and the direction of the underground water flow, and to characterize geo-electrically the lithology on which is seated the controlled landfill: sediments predominantly sandy of the Rio Claro Formation and sediments predominantly silty of the Corumbataí Formation.<br>Mestre
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Pede, Marco Aurelio Zequim. "Flutuação do lençol freático e sua implicação na recuperação de hidrocarbonetos : um estudo de caso /." Rio Claro : [s.n.], 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/102963.
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Orientador: Chang Hung Kiang<br>Banca: Everton de Oliveira<br>Banca: Holger Weiss<br>Banca: Luis Tadeu Furlan<br>Banca: Miguel Alfaro Soto<br>Resumo: Vazamentos acidentais de derivados de petróleo podem ocorrer em refinarias, dutos, postos de serviços e no transporte rodoviário ou ferroviário, ocasionando diversos impactos ambientais. Este trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar o comportamento de uma pluma de fase livre de querosene, presente em uma área industrial no município de Paulínia (SP), e estudar a recuperação de querosene em resposta à variação sazonal das chuvas. A área de estudo apresentou seis litotipos de origem fluvial, destacando-se a presença de paleocanais preenchidos por areias grossas. Verificou-se que as grandes variações nos níveis d'água proporcionam o fenômeno de trapeamento/destrapeamento do querosene, afetando diretamente o processo de remediação. A área apresenta altas taxas de recarga, variando de 370 mm a 550 mm em um ano. Após 40 meses de remediação, em que se procedeu ao bombeamento de oito poços, foram recuperados 176.000 litros de querosene. O período de maior recuperação foi de outubro a janeiro. Cálculos efetuados a partir dos índices físicos do solo, das propriedades físicas do querosene e da espessura observada de fase livre, em dezembro de 2008, permitiram estimar um volume remanescente recuperável de 192.000 litros de querosene no subsolo<br>Abstract: Accidental spills of petroleum products may occur in refineries, pipelines, and service stations, as well as during roadway and railway transportation, causing environmental damages. The main objective of this thesis is to evaluate the behavior of a kerosene free phase plume in an industrial area of the municipality of Paulinia, and evaluate the role of water table fluctuation on hydrocarbon recovery. Six lithofacies deposited in fluvial environment were identified, in particular paleochannels filled by coarse grain sands. An important finding was large water table fluctuation induce entrapment/release of kerosene, greatly affecting aquifer remediation. The studied aquifer underwent high recharge rates of 370 mm to 550 mm per year. Throughout 40 months of remediation, in which eight submersible pumps were employed, 176.000 liters of kerosene were recovered. The largest period of kerosene recovery was in the interval comprising October to January. Calculations using soil physical indexes, physical properties of kerosene and the observed thickness of free phase, as measured in December of 2008, allowed to estimate a volume of 192.000 liters of recoverable remnant kerosene yet in the ground<br>Doutor
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Uroš, Miljić. "Proizvodnja i ocena kvaliteta voćnog vina od sorti domaće šljive (Prunus domestica L.)." Phd thesis, Univerzitet u Novom Sadu, Tehnološki fakultet Novi Sad, 2015. http://www.cris.uns.ac.rs/record.jsf?recordId=93783&source=NDLTD&language=en.
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Cilj ove doktorske disertacije je bio da se oceni mogućnost upotrebe tri sorte domaće šljive, različitih epoha sazrevanja (Čačanska rana, Čačanska lepotica i Požegača), kao sirovina za proizvodnju voćnog vina. Utvrđeni mehanički sastav plodova i hemijske karakteristike kljuka i soka ispitivanih sorti šljive ukazuju da se čačanska lepotica i Požegača mogu smatrati boljim sirovinama za proizvodnju voćnog vina u odnosu na sortu Čačanska rana. Vršena je optimizacija uslova alkoholne fermentacije (temperature, vrednosti pH, trajanja fermentacije i doze enzimskog preparata), u sklopu koje je, takođe, ispitana i upotreba različitih pektolitičkih enzima za tretman kljuka i ocenjen uticaj upotrebe različitih sojeva kvasaca, kao proizvodnih mikroorganizama, na kvalitet vina od šljive. Utvrđeno je da, među ispitanim proizvodnim organizmima, kvasac Spriferm (S. cerevisiae) daje vino od šljive najboljeg kvaliteta. Postupkom numeričke optimizacije dobijene su sledeće vrednosti procesnih parametara fermentacije vina od šljive: temperatura 25 °C, vrednost pH 3,5 i doza pektolitičkog enzima 0,5 g/100 kg. Pri navedenim uslovima dobijeni fitovani modeli predviđaju prinos etanola od 7,5% v/v, prinos glicerola od 5g/l, prinos vina od 48% (48 ml vina na 100 g kljuka) i formiranje 710 mg/l metanola. Karakterizacija proizvedenog vina od šljive podrazumevala je određivanje sadržaja najvažnijih sastojaka: alkohola, kiselina, mineralnih materija, fenolnih i aromatičnih jedinjenja, kao i ocenu njegovih funkcionalnih karakteristika (antiradikalske, antimikrobne i antiproliferativne aktivnosti). Na kraju, ocenjena je mogućnost smanjenja produkcije metanola u vinu od šljive primenom različitih fizičko-hemijskih tretmana kljuka. Utvrđena je značajno veća efikasnost postupaka koji uključuju neki vid toplotnog tretmana kljuka u odnosu na postupke koji podrazumevaju upotrebu određenog enološkog sredstva.<br>The aim of this PhD thesis was to assess the possibility of using three native plum varieties, with different ripening periods (Ĉaĉanska rana, Ĉaĉanska lepotica and Poņegaĉa), as raw material for the production of fruit wines. Determined mechanical composition and chemical characteristics of fruit pomace and juice indicate that the Ĉaĉanska lepotica and Poņegaĉa are considered as better raw materials for the production of fruit wine compared to Ĉaĉanska rana. Optimization of fermentation conditions (temperature, pH, the duration of fermentation and the dose of pectolytic enzyme) was conducted. This step also included investigation of the different pectolytic enzymes use for the treatment of pomace and evaluated the impact of using different yeast strains, as well as the effect of different production microorganisms on the plum wine quality. It was found that, among the tested production microorganisms, Spriferm (S. cerevisiae) yeast gives the plum wine of best quality. Numerical optimization procedure resulted with the following values of the process parameters of plum wine fermentation: temperature 25 °C, pH value 3.5 and pectolytic enzyme dose of 0.5 g/100 kg. Under these conditions the obtained fitted models predict the ethanol yield of 7.5% v/v, glycerol yield 5 g/l, the wine yield of 48% (48 ml from 100 g of pomace) and the formation of 710 mg/l of methanol. Characterization of the produced plum wines included the determination of the most important ingredients: alcohol, acids, minerals, phenolic and aromatic compounds, as well as evaluation of their functional characteristics (antiradical, antimicrobial and antiproliferative activities). Finally, the possibility of reducing the methanol production in plum wine was estimated by applying different physico-chemical treatments of the pomace. Significantly higher efficiency of procedures that involve some form of heat treatment of pomace, compared to treatments which involve the use of certain oenological means, was observed.
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Tsitsopoulos, Vasileios. "Modelling of buoyant flows associated with large area fires and indirect free convection." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2013. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/modelling-of-buoyant-flows-associated-with-large-area-fires-and-indirect-free-convection(7e849d5b-6b95-4534-b387-63387f5ff26f).html.
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Experimental observations indicate the presence of attached, gravity induced, horizontal buoyant currents above large area fires. Their driving mechanism is indirect and resembles the one observed above heated horizontal plates. Classic plume modelling is satisfactory for providing information for the flow far from the source. In dealing with large areas and directing attention to the flow close to the source, the classic plume theory should fail because the radial pressure gradient that is responsible for the driving of the flow is squeezed in the long and thin classic plume assumption. For this we propose a new plume structure for the description of the buoyant flow above a circular region of large radius L as “The flow field must be divided into three regions. A region where the flow is predominantly horizontal and attached to the surface, a transition region from horizontal to vertical where separation of the attached current takes place, and a region where vertical flow is established and classic plume theory can be applied”. A model for the description of the gross properties of the horizontal currents is developed under the term “horizontal plume”. The modified Richardson number for the horizontal plume a, being analogous to the radius of the large area, is studied asymptotically in the limit a → ∞ and second order uniformly valid semi-analytical solutions are obtained. The hot plate experiment was set up in order to test the model and facilitate its improvement. A chapter is dedicated to the data analysis coming from thermocouple readings and visualisation of the flow using particle image velocimetry.In the remainder of this thesis two classic problems of laminar natural convection are revisited. That of the first order laminar boundary layer above an isothermal circular plate of radius a and the first order laminar boundary layer above the semi- infinite plate inclined to horizontal. In both cases allowances to variable property effects were made through the introduction of a nondimensional parameter λT, with its value set to zero implying the assumption of the Boussinesq approximation. For the circular plate, fourth order series solutions were obtained valid at the edge of the plate where the effects of λT and Prandtl number Pr are studied. Furthermore a finite difference scheme for the numerical solution of the nonsimilar partial integro- differential equation was developed using the Keller Box method and compared with results obtained from the commercial finite element software COMSOL Multiphysics 3.5a. For the semi-infinite plate, fourth order series approximations valid at the edge of the plate were obtained, while an extensive analysis for the effect of λT, Pr and inclination parameter σ was performed on the flow. Positions of the separation points when the inclination is negative (σ < 0) as a function of Pr and λT were recovered.
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Diantouba, Bertin Aimé. "Effets structuraux des acyl-4-pyrazolones-5 dans l'extraction liquide-liquide des cations metalliques divalents." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988STR13093.
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Etude de l'effet de l'acidite de la lipophilie et effets structuraux des acyl-4 pyrazolones-5 dans l'extraction de cu, co, zu et pb divalents. Extraction de 3 types de complexes metalliques : mononucleaires de type m(l-n-lh)::(2) ou m(l-n-l) et polynucleaires (m(l-n-l))::(j). Meilleures possibilites des bis-acyl-4 pyrazolones-5
Books on the topic "Plumb. eng"
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Gaber, Susan, and Billie Pavicic. Parker Plum and the Rotten Egg Thoughts. Boys Town Press, 2019.
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Meireles, Monika, and Julia Stockdale, eds. Crónicas económicas II: alegorías, contornos y contrapesos del poder financiero. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto de Investigaciones Económicas, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.22201/iiec.9786073045971e.2021.
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Los ensayos de Monika Meireles en los que, precisamente, se conjugan información, conocimiento y, más increíble aún, sabiduría; más impresionante incluso, cabe mencionar que son textos e ideas trazados con una pluma divertidísima y juguetona que no está dispuesta a sacrificar la imaginación sociológica que tanto le hace falta a la literatura económica especializada.
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Hernández, Natalio. El vuelo del colibrí / Patlani huitzitzilin. Universidad Veracruzana, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.25009/uv.1337.1231.
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El vuelo del colibrí de Natalio Hernández pretende develar (y revelar) la raíz de una comunidad, de una familia de hablantes nahuas, de su particular linaje. El autor se viste con su atuendo de xochipixke y canta con su pluma de tinta negra y roja un bello y nostálgico poema dedicado a su padre. Piltata es el nombre del padre al que la da voz para que narre, a través del poema, su propia historia, pero esta historia es de los dos, padre e hijo. Es el padre que no ya materia, sino espíritu convertido en colibrí a punto de iniciar el vuelo hacia la región donde transita el sol. El vuelo del colibrí, a través de esta edición bilingüe, recupera la milenaria visión de la cultura náhuatl, y rescata la palabra primera que se gesta en todos los idiomas desde que nuestra especie se estableció, culturalmente, en el espacio mítico y en el tiempo.
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Cerutti, María Luisa, ed. Sin la espada. Editorial de la Universidad Nacional de La Plata (EDULP), 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.35537/10915/26590.
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La palabra en sí constituye esencialmente una herramienta de transformación fundamental para la construcción de consensos, para la comunicación. La palabra escrita es la forma más sublime de expresión de nuestras ideas e ideologías y, si ella está acompañada de la metáfora, nos pone frente a la capacidad creativa como máxima demostración de la posibilidad de cambio. Cambio posible y necesario sin la espada, con la pluma y la palabra. Esta publicación está compuesta por trabajos de estudiantes de la Universidad Nacional de La Plata, que participaron y resultaron ganadores del Concurso de Poesía y Cuento Breve, enmarcado en las Olimpíadas Universitarias 2010, en el año del Bicentenario. Dicho evento está contemplado en el Programa Identidad e Inclusión Estudiantil, del Plan Estratégico de Gestión UNLP 2010-2014. La Universidad Pública debe promover ámbitos y actividades que faciliten la integración de sus miembros más allá de las prácticas académicas específicas. Esto resulta de particular importancia en el caso de la comunidad estudiantil: en el momento de su ingreso, la Universidad representa para los estudiantes un espacio extraño con dinámicas y actores desconocidos y, por lo general, es un momento decisivo en su formación como adultos y ciudadanos responsables.
Book chapters on the topic "Plumb. eng"
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Viallet, Ludovic. "Le salaire de la plume: prières de notaires et de copistes à la fin du Moyen Âge (xive-xvie siècle)." In La prière en latin, de l’Antiquité au XVIe siècle : formes, évolutions, significations. Brepols Publishers, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1484/m.cem-eb.3.259.
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Li, Wei, and Yu Tian. "Chemical Plume Tracing and Mapping via Swarm Robots." In Unmanned Aerial Vehicles. IGI Global, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-8365-3.ch014.
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This chapter addresses the key issues of chemical plume mapping and tracing via swarm robots. First, the authors present the models of turbulent odor plumes with both non-buoyant and buoyant features, which can efficiently evaluate strategies for tracing plumes, identifying their sources in two or three-dimensions. Second, the authors use the Monte Carlo technique to optimize moth-inspired plume tracing via swarm robots under formation control, which includes a leader to perform plume tracing maneuvers and non-leaders to follow the leader during plume tracing missions. Third, the authors introduce a variety of robot-based plume tracers, including ground-based robots, autonomous underwater vehicles, or unmanned aerial vehicles. Finally, the authors prospect the further research in this area, e.g., applying swarm robots to detect oil or gas leak, or to investigate subsea chemical pollution and greenhouse gases.
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"Will It Never End? 1945." In The War Comes to Plum Street. Indiana University Press, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv1bjc3rr.15.
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Fell, Eve Marie. "LA PLUMA Y LA AGUJA:." In Familia y educación en Iberoamérica. El Colegio de México, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/j.ctvhn09mb.17.
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Ngalasso-Mwatha, Musanji. "Trait de plume et mot d’esprit." In L’information dessinée en Afrique francophone. Presses Universitaires de Bordeaux, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/books.pub.34538.
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Boutin, Éric, and Mohammed Youssef. "L’euro-méditerranée sous la plume des bloggeurs." In Savoirs en action. CNRS Éditions, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/books.editionscnrs.17450.
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Kraus, Elizabeth M. "God and the World." In The Metaphysics of Experience. Fordham University Press, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.5422/fordham/9780823217953.003.0007.
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This chapter analyzes Part V of Process and Reality (PR). Here, Alfred North Whitehead returns in a moment of generalization to what has been the underlying theme of PR: the reconciliation of the primordial oppositions given in and for experience—the one and the many, order and creativity, permanence and change, now as subsumed in the foundational dialectic of God and the world. It is no longer necessary to plumb the obscurities of the text, for Whitehead speaks lyrically and directly, pulling aside the curtain for a moment to enable the reader to catch a glimpse of the massive simplicity of his cosmological vision. It is indeed only a glimpse, the preface to the theological counterpart of process cosmology, a beginning not an end.
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Ingram, Robert G. "Treating me worse, than I deserved: heterodoxy and the politics of patronage." In Reformation without end. Manchester University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.7228/manchester/9781526126948.003.0008.
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This chapter highlights the ways that eighteenth-century orthodox clergy tried to coerce or punish their fellow clergy whom they judged heterodox. It opens with a consideration of Middleton’s unsuccessful attempts to secure plum ecclesiastical preferments with the assistance of Sir Robert Walpole’s ally, John Lord Hervey. It then anatomizes the arguments in the heterodox works that Hervey convinced Middleton not to publish in order to better his chances for preferment. Middleton would return to these unpublished manuscripts during the 1740s when he wrote about miracles. The chapter concludes by detailing Middleton’s failed effort during the late 1730s and early 1740s to redeem himself in the eyes of the orthodox by writing about Cicero. The process of bringing his life of Cicero to press also casts light onto the business of publishing with which Middleton and all other polemical divines had to deal.
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Caballero, Farouk. "De la cancha a la pluma." In Se juega como se vive. Las culturas del fútbol en Colombia. Ediciones Uniandes, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.51566/ceper2117_5.
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Salge, Tobias, Roald Tagle, Ralf-Thomas Schmitt, and Lutz Hecht. "Petrographic and chemical studies of the Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary sequence at El Guayal, Tabasco, Mexico: Implications for ejecta plume evolution from the Chicxulub impact crater." In Large Meteorite Impacts and Planetary Evolution VI. Geological Society of America, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/2021.2550(08).
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ABSTRACT A combined petrographic and chemical study of ejecta particles from the Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary sequence of El Guayal, Tabasco, Mexico (520 km SW of Chicxulub crater), was carried out to assess their formation conditions and genetic relation during the impact process. The reaction of silicate ejecta particles with hot volatiles during atmospheric transport may have induced alteration processes, e.g., silicification and cementation, observed in the ejecta deposits. The various microstructures of calcite ejecta particles are interpreted to reflect different thermal histories at postshock conditions. Spherulitic calcite particles may represent carbonate melts that were quenched during ejection. A recrystallized microstructure may indicate short, intense thermal stress. Various aggregates document particle-particle interactions and intermixing of components from lower silicate and upper sedimentary target lithologies. Aggregates of recrystallized calcite with silicate melt indicate the consolidation of a hot suevitic component with sediments at ≳750 °C. Accretionary lapilli formed in a turbulent, steam-condensing environment at ~100 °C by aggregation of solid, ash-sized particles. Concentric zones with smaller grain sizes of accreted particles indicate a recurring exchange with a hotter environment. Our results suggest that during partial ejecta plume collapse, hot silicate compo nents were mixed with the fine fraction of local surface-derived sediments, the latter of which were displaced by the preceding ejecta curtain. These processes sustained a hot, gas-driven, lateral basal transport that was accompanied by a turbulent plume at a higher level. The exothermic back-reaction of CaO from decomposed carbonates and sulfates with CO2 to form CaCO3 may have been responsible for a prolonged release of thermal energy at a late stage of plume evolution.
Conference papers on the topic "Plumb. eng"
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Miner, Heidi E., and Adam Rasmussen. "Evolution of Ground Level Scalar Concentrations Through a Compact Cylinder Array Embedded in the Atmospheric Surface Layer." In ASME 2002 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2002-39626.
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Experiments for this study were designed to understand gas dispersion in the presence of surface mounted obstacles. To this end, model field experiments were conducted in a compact barrel array employing a spatial distribution of concentration sensors. Specific aims were to explore the effects of atmospheric stability and plume source initial conditions on the plume dispersion through the barrel array. The present results indicate a relaxation towards Gaussian behavior along the plume centerline. The rate of this Gaussian-like behavior is dependent upon atmospheric stability conditions. Plume dispersion through the array appears to be independent of source initial conditions under neutrally stable conditions.
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Pencil, Eric, Thomas Randolph, and David Manzella. "End-of-life Stationary Plasma Thruster far-field plume characterization." In 32nd Joint Propulsion Conference and Exhibit. American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.1996-2709.
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Zhang, Lijun, and Xinwei Wang. "Shock Waves in Pulsed Laser Material Interaction: Internal Structure and Mass Penetration." In ASME 2008 First International Conference on Micro/Nanoscale Heat Transfer. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/mnht2008-52121.
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This work pioneers the atomistic modeling of the shock wave in picosecond laser-material interaction by simulating the material that is irradiated with a picosecond laser pulse (11.3 ps FWHM) in a 0.25 MPa background gas. The dynamic structure and mutual mass penetration between the plume and background gas are investigated in detail. In the shock wave the compressed ambient gas region has a very uniform temperature distribution while the temperature decreases from the front of the plume to its end. The group velocity of atoms in the shock wave front is much smaller than the shock wave propagation speed and experiences a fast decay due to momentum exchange with the ambient gas. Strong decay of the shock wave front temperature and pressure is observed while its density features much slower attenuation. An effective mixing length is designed to quantitatively evaluate the mutual mass penetration between the plume and background gas. This effective mixing length grows at a rate of ∼ 60 m/s. This fast mixing/mass penetration is largely due to the strong relative movement between the plume and the background gas. The MD results agree well with the analytical solution in terms of relating various shock wave strengths.
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Tani, Giovanni, Leonardo Orazi, Alessandro Fortunato, and Gabriele Cuccolini. "3-D Transient Simulation Model for Laser Micromilling Processes." In ASME 2007 International Manufacturing Science and Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/msec2007-31072.
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In this paper a laser milling simulator package is shown and discussed. The software system has been developed to simulate the micromanufacturing process using solid state lasers with pulse width in the range of 10–100 ns, but it can simulate every spatial and temporal distribution of the laser beam, so it is well suited to simulate both continuous and pulsed emission and every kind of laser spot distribution and trajectory. The system can simulate the effect of the laser beam on the workpiece, keeping into account the surface conditions, the evolution of the work-piece temperature field, the phase changes in the material and, at the end, the ablation rate. Particular attention has been focused in considering the influence of the plasma plume. Modeling and simulating the plasma plume creation and expansion is a very hard task, in the proposed package a simplified model is developed avoiding the fluid dynamic effects. In this work two empirical tuning parameters are considered: the first one is a global dispersion factor that keep in account the fraction of energy lost in the environment by the plume; the second one is a spreading factor that permits to model the irradiated energy of the laser beam hitting the workpiece and due to the plasma plume. The direct and coupled effects of these two parameters are evaluated and discussed.
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Kastengren, Alan, Christopher F. Powell, Zunping Liu, et al. "End-of-Injection Behavior of Diesel Sprays Measured With X-Ray Radiography." In ASME 2010 Internal Combustion Engine Division Fall Technical Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icef2010-35032.
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The behavior of diesel fuel sprays at the end of injection is poorly understood, yet has important implications regarding diesel engine emissions. Recent research has shown that at the end of injection, an entrainment wave is created, causing the fuel spray to rapidly entrain ambient gas. This rapid entrainment creates a dilute mixture of fuel that may be a source of unburned fuel emissions. In this study, x-ray radiography is used to examine the end-of-injection behavior of diesel sprays. X-ray radiography permits quantitative mass distribution measurements in dense sprays, providing data that cannot be obtained with optical techniques. Analysis of the spray velocity at steady-state suggests an entrainment wave speed of several hundred m/s, which is supported by the appearance of a travelling entrainment wave at low ambient density. The spray density declines most rapidly near the nozzle, behavior that matches the expected entrainment wave behavior. In several cases, the spray distribution in a cross-section across the nozzle axis becomes smoother at the end of injection. Three-dimensional reconstructions of the spray density at the end of injection show that the spray plume widens considerably, enhancing the dilution caused by the reduction in spray mass in the flowfield. Measurements of injector needle motion with x-ray phase contrast imaging show that throttling across the needle seat may cause a smearing of the ideally sharp entrainment wave.
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Varacalle, D. J., G. Irons, R. J. Lalumiere, W. D. Swank, and J. Lagerquist. "Modeling and Diagnostics of the Praxair HVAF Combustion Spray Process." In ITSC 1998, edited by Christian Coddet. ASM International, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.itsc1998p0347.
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Abstract The high-velocity air-fuel process (HVAF) is an emerging technology used in the thermal spray industry. The Praxair HVAF process combines air and a liquid fuel (e.g., kerosene, diesel) to generate an energy source with extremely high gas velocities. Analytical studies were conducted to investigate gas and particle dynamics in the Praxair HVAF process for coating with WC-l2Co and stainless steel powders. The mass, momentum, and energy conservation equations were first solved, using the TORCH computer program. Typical output from the model includes temperature and velocity profiles as a function of radial and axial position. The PROCESS gas/particle computer program was then used to calculate from these temperature and velocity profiles the dynamics of particles injected into the gas plume. The primary result of the gas/particle code is a description of the injected particle temperature and velocity as a function of position in the plume. A thorough understanding of the process was obtained using this modeling technique. The results of the modeling were confirmed with process diagnostics. Particle temperature measurements for the WC-Co powder system were obtained with a two-color pyrometer; particle velocity measurements were obtained using particle imaging velocimetry. The coatings produced in the study exhibit superior quality, with high-density, high-hardness, low-oxide content, and high-bond strength.
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Bourne, Joseph R., and Kam K. Leang. "Mutual Information Control for Target Acquisition: A Method to Localize a Gas/Chemical Plume Source Using a Mobile Sensor." In ASME 2017 Dynamic Systems and Control Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dscc2017-5283.
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This paper presents a motion control algorithm that exploits mutual information and a Bayesian filter to optimally guide a mobile robotic sensor, e.g., an unmanned aerial or ground vehicle (UAV or UGV) with a sensor, to localize an unknown target such as the source of a gas/chemical leak. Specifically, optimal feedforward inputs are found such that with respect to the posterior distribution, the robot moves to minimize uncertainty. The formulation depends on the robot’s dynamics model and the sensor’s stochastic measurement model. Additionally, a utility function is defined such that the estimator’s uncertainty is minimized, i.e., the acquisition of information is maximized. The approach is applied to a single robot with three different sensor models for validation. In particular, for the chemical concentration sensor case a Gaussian plume likelihood model is assumed and simulation results show that a single robot can effectively localize the unknown source, demonstrating the effectiveness of the approach.
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Wu, Benxin, Sha Tao, Yibo Gao, Yun Zhou, and Gary Cheng. "The Effect of External Magnetic Field on the Plasma Induced by Laser Ablation in Vacuum." In ASME 2011 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2011-63259.
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During short-pulsed laser ablation (machining) process at sufficiently high intensities, a plasma plume may be generated above the target surface. In this paper, the effect of external magnetic fields on laser-induced plasma has been studied using a physics-based model. In the model, hydrodynamic equations coupled with wide-range equations of state are solved numerically using a finite-difference essentially non-oscillatory (ENO) method. The magnetic field affects the plasma evolution by inducing electric currents, and the associated electromagnetic force and Joule heating effect in the plasma. The study shows that the external magnetic field may decrease the plasma front expanding speed, and increase the plasma temperature. The study provides useful information for the fundamental study of laser-induced plasma, and for the practical applications of short-pulsed lasers in laser ablation (machining), laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS), and other areas, where laser-induced plasma may play a very important role.
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Song, Jinkwan, Johnathan Wilson, and Jong Guen Lee. "Experimental Investigation of a High Velocity Gaseous Jet Injection Into an Oscillating Crossflow." In ASME Turbo Expo 2021: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2021-60122.
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Abstract This paper presents the experimental results of a gaseous jet injected into an oscillating-air crossflow. The jet to crossflow momentum flux ratios are chosen as 19, 30 and 58, and the mean air crossflow velocities are chosen as 10m/s, 25 m/s, and 60 m/s. The crossflow is modulated at frequencies up to 280 Hz with a maximum crossflow velocity fluctuation of 30% of its mean velocity. Acetone planar laser-induced fluorescence is used to record the instantaneous jet concentration field. Three distinct regions are observed near the injection location (x/d &lt; 18); the jet core, the fast bending zone, and the fully developed plume zone. The location of the end of potential core can be determined primarily by the momentum flux ratio. Based on observations of these three regions, a set of correlations for the trajectory of maximum jet concentration is proposed for the potential core region and for the fully developed plume zone. The potential core responds quasi-steadily to the crossflow oscillation and the fluctuation of penetration of the potential core zone linearly increases with respect to the crossflow velocity fluctuation level. The jet penetration under oscillating crossflow is slightly lower than that under steady crossflow, especially when the mean crossflow velocity is low (10–25 m/s). However, the differences of trajectories between the oscillating and the steady crossflow cases become almost negligible as the mean crossflow velocity increases further. The axial decay of jet concentration under oscillating crossflow occurs at faster rate than that under steady crossflow, indicating that the oscillating air crossflow enhances the mixing between the jet and the crossflow. The vertical jet concentration profile at different axial location confirms that the main effect of crossflow modulation is enhanced mixing of jet with crossflow. However, no noticeable effect of modulation frequency of crossflow on the jet penetration is found.
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Andreani, Michele, Domenico Paladino, and Tom George. "Simulations of Basic Gas Mixing Tests With Condensation in the PANDA Facility Using the GOTHIC Code." In 16th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone16-48917.
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In the framework of the OECD SETH project, a number of experiments related to safety issues in the containment of a nuclear reactor have been performed in the large-scale facility PANDA. The tests have been designed to provide an adequate database for basic assessment of CFD and advanced lumped parameter (LP) codes. The test geometry consists of two interconnected vessels (compartments) with fluid injected in one vessel. The gas distribution in the injection vessel and the distribution of gases and the propagation of the stratification in the adjacent vessel are measured. Four of these tests were performed with initial and boundary conditions that resulted in substantial condensation rates. Three of these experiments featured vertical injection (with production of a plume), and in one, the transient response due to a high-momentum horizontal injection (jet) was investigated. The injected fluid was either saturated steam or a superheated mixture of steam and helium, and the fluid initially present in the vessels was pure air. These experiments have been analysed with the advanced containment code GOTHIC, and the main results are presented here. In general, the results obtained with the code and the standard mesh were in good agreement with the data. Limitations in modeling local phenomena controlled by complex flow patterns (e.g. heat transfer in the region of an impinging jet) and the need for refined meshes to reproduce certain aspects of the transients (e.g. erosion of the interface between layers of different gas composition) were also identified.